Power Power

Stage Topology
Topologies
Reference
Quick Guide
Reference Guide
Markus Zehendner, Matthias Ulmann

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Buck Synchronous Buck Boost Inve

L1 L1 D1
Q1 L1
Q1

Ci D1 Co Ci Q2 Co Ci Q1 Co

Vout + Vf Vout Vout + Vf - Vin

Duty D= D= D=
Vin+ Vf Vin Vout + Vf
Cycle

Q1 FET VQ1 = Vin + Vf VQ1 = Vin VQ1 = Vout + Vf

Voltage

D1 Diode VD1 = Vin VQ2 = Vin VD1 = Vout

Voltage

PWM

Q1 FET
Voltage

Q1 FET
Current

D1 Diode /
Q2 FET
Voltage

D1 Diode /
Q2 FET
Current

L1 Inductor
Current

L2 Inductor
Current

2 Power Topologies Quick Reference Guide

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Inverting Buck - Boost Sepic Cuk Zeta

D1 L1 C1 D1 L1 C1 L2 C1 L2
Q1 Q1

Co Ci Co Ci Q1 L2 Co Ci Q1 D1 Co Ci D1 Co
L1 L1

-Vout + Vf Vout + Vf -Vout + Vf Vout + Vf

D= D= D= D=
-Vout + Vf + Vin Vout + Vf + Vin -Vout + Vf + Vin Vout + Vf + Vin

VC1,ripple VC1,ripple VC1,ripple

VQ1 = Vin + Vf - Vout VQ1 = Vin + Vout + Vf + VQ1 = Vin - Vout + Vf + VQ1 = Vin + Vout + Vf +
2 2 2

VC1,ripple VC1,ripple VC1,ripple D

VD1 = Vin - Vout VD1 = Vin + Vout + VD1 = Vin - Vout + VD1 = Vin + Vout +
2 2 2

Np
C

Ns S
C

Power Topologies Quick Reference Guide 3

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Zeta Fly - Buck Flyback Two Switch Flyback

D1
C1 L2
D1
D4 Q2 D1

Co2
Ns
Np Ns Co
Ci Np Ns Co
1 D1 Co Q1
Ci
Np
Ci Q2 Co1 Q1 D3 Q1

N N
p p
Vout_pri (Vout + Vf) (Vout + Vf)
Vout + Vf N N
Duty D=
Vin D=
s
D=
s
Duty
N N
ut + Vf + Vin Cycle p p Cycle
Vin + (Vout + Vf) N
Vin + (Vout + Vf) N
s s

N
VC1,ripple p
ut + Vf +
Q1 FET N
p
Vin + (Vout + Vf) N
Q1 FET
2 Voltage s
VQ1 = Vin VQ1 = Vin + (Vout + Vf) N
VQ1 = Voltage
s 2
N
VC1,ripple D1 Diode N
s
N
s s D1 Diode
Vout + VD1 = Vout_sec + (Vin-Vout_pri) VD1 = Vout + Vin VD1 = Vout + Vin
2 Voltage N
p
N
p
N
p Voltage

D2 Diode
Voltage
PWM

PWM

Q1 FET
Voltage

FET Q1
Voltage
Q1 FET
Current

FET Q1
Current
D1 Diode
Voltage

Np
Primary
Current
D1 Diode
Current

Ns
Secondary
Current
Np Primary
Current

Inductor L1
Current
Ns Secondary
Current

4 Power Topologies Quick Reference Guide

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ch Flyback Active Clamp Forward Single Switch Forward Two Switch Forward

ch Flyback Active Clamp Forward D1 L1

Single Switch Forward D1 L1
Two Switch Forward
Q2 D1 D4 Q2
D1 L1

C1
Np Ns D2 Co Nd Np Ns D2 Co
Ns Co Ci Np Ns D2 Co
Q2 D1 L1 D1 L1
Q2 D1 Ci Ci D4 Q2
D1 L1

Q1 C1 D3 Q1 D3 Q1
Q1
Np Ns D2 Co Nd Np Ns D2 Co
Ns Co Ci Np Ns D2 Co
Q2
Ci Ci

Q1 D3 Q1 D3 Q1
Q1
N
p
f) (Vout + Vf) (Vout + Vf) (Vout + Vf)
N
s
Duty D=
N
D=
N
D=
N
Duty
s s s
N
p
N
p Cycle Vin Vin V Cycle
f) +NVf)
out N (Vout +NpVf) (Vout +NpVf) (Vin
out +NpVf)
s s
Duty D=
N
D=
N
D=
N
Duty
s s s
N
pN
p Cycle Vin Vin Vin Cycle
out +V)
(Vout +f Vf)Ns N
Q1 FET VQ1 = Vinp
N N
VQ1 = 2 Vin p+ Vf VQ1 = Vin +pVf
N
Q1 FET
s
Voltage (1-D) Voltage
2 N
p
(Vout + Vf) N
Q1 FET VQ1 = Vin N VQ1 = 2 VNin + Vf VQ1 = Vin + VNf Q1 FET
N
s s D1 Diode
Voltage s s
VD1 = (Vin + 2 Vf)
s
- Vf
D1 Diode
Voltage
+ Vin VD1 = Vclamp(1-D)
- Vf VD1 = (Vin + Vf) - Vf
2 N Voltage N N N Voltage
p p d p
N N N
N
s D1 Diode s s
VD1 = (Vin + 2 VNf)
s
- Vf
D1 Diode
+ Vin VD1 = VclampN - Vf VD1 = (Vin + Vf) - Vf
N
p
D2 Diode
Voltage s Np
N
Ns
d s N
p Voltage
VD2 = Vin - Vf VD2 = Vin - Vf VD2 = Vin - Vf
Voltage N
p
N
p N
p
PWM
D2 Diode N
s
N
s N
s
VD2 = Vin - Vf VD2 = Vin - Vf VD2 = Vin - Vf
Voltage N
p
N
p N
p
PWM

PWM

FET Q1
PWM
Voltage
FET Q1
Voltage
FET Q1
Voltage
FET Q1 FET Q1
Voltage Current
FET Q1
Current
FET Q1
Current
Np1 Primary
FET Q1 Current
Current
Np1 Primary
Current
Np
Primary
Current
Np
Ns2
Primary
Secondary
Current
Current
Ns2
Secondary
Current
Ns
Secondary
Current
Ns Inductor L1
Secondary Current
Current
Inductor L1
Current

Inductor L1
Current
Inductor L1
Current

Power Topologies Quick Reference Guide 5

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Two
ch Forward
Switch Forward Push-PullPush-Pull WeinbergWeinberg Half
D3 D3
D1 L1 D1 L1

D1 D1
Q2 D4 Q2
D1 L1 D1 L1
Np2 Ns2 Np2 Co Ns2 Co
Ns Np2 Ns2 Ns Np2 Ns2
Co Co

Ns Ci D2 Np CoNs D2 Co
Np1 Ns1 Np1 Ns1 Np Np

Np1 Ns1 Np1 Ns1

Ci Ci D2 D2
Ci Ci
Q1 D3 Q1
Q2 Q1 D2 Q2 Q1 D2
Q2 Q1 Q2 Q1

Vout + Vf) (Vout + Vf) 1 (Vout + Vf1) (Vout + Vf) 1 Vout + Vf 1 Vout + Vf
D= Duty Duty D= D= Duty Duty D= D= D=
N N 2 N 2 N 2 N 2 N Duty Duty
Vin
s
Vin
s
Cycle Cycle Vin
s
Vin
s
Cycle Cycle Vin
s
Vin
s
Cycle Cycle
N N N N N N
p p p p p p

Q1 FET Q1 FET Q1 FET Q1 FET

VQ1 = V +
N
2VQ1 = V in
(V+
p
N
p Q1 FET Q1 FET V
= Vin + VV
f Q1 = Vin + Vf VQ1 = 2 Vin VQ1 = 2 Vin out2 + Vf) (Vout + Vf)
Voltage Voltage Voltage Voltage in N
s
N
s Voltage Voltage

N N N N
s s D1 Diode D1 Diode s s D1 Diode D1 Diode D1 Diode D1 Diode
2VD1
Vf)= (Vin +- 2Vf Vf) - Vf V = 2 Vin VD1 =-2Vf Vin - Vf V = 2 (Vout
VD1
+ V=f) 2 (Vout + Vf) V =V
N
p
N
p Voltage Voltage D1 N
p
N
p Voltage Voltage D1 Voltage Voltage D1

N N
s s
n N
VD2
- V=f Vin
N
- Vf
p p
PWM PWM PWM PWM
PWM PWM

FET Q1 FET Q1 FET Q1 FET Q1 Q1 FET Q1 FET

Voltage Voltage Voltage Voltage Voltage Voltage

FET Q1 FET Q1 FET Q1 FET Q1

Current Current Current Current Q1 FET Q1 FET
Current Current

Np1 Primary
Np1 Primary Np PrimaryNp Primary
Current Current Current Current
Np PrimaryNp Primary
Current Current

Ns2 Ns2 Ns Ns
SecondarySecondary SecondarySecondary
Current Current Current Current Ns Secondary
Ns Secondary
Current & Current &
Diode D1 Diode D1
Current Current

Inductor L1
Inductor L1 Np1 Primary
Np1 Primary
Current Current Current Current
Diode D1 Diode D1
Voltage Voltage

Ns1 Ns1
SecondarySecondary
Current Current
Inductor L1
Inductor L1
Current Current

6 Power Topologies Quick Reference Guide

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erg Half - Bridge Full - Bridge Phase Shifted

nberg
berg
Weinberg
inberg Half
Half- -Bridge
Half
HalfBridge
- -Bridge
Bridge Full
Full- -Bridge
Full
FullBridge
- -Bridge
Bridge Phase
Phase
Phase
Full Shifted
Phase-Shifted
Shifted
Shifted
Bridge
D3
Full
Full- -Bridge
Full
FullBridge
- -Bridge
Bridge
D3 D3 D3 D3

D1
Q3 Q2 D1 L1
D1 D1 D1 D1
Q3 Q3 Q3 Q3 Q2 Q2 Q2 D1Q2 D1 D1 L1 D1L1 L1 L1
Co
Ns1 Co
Ns2
Np2 Ns2
Np2 Ns2 Ns2 Co Co Co Co
Ci Np Ns1 Ns1 Ns1 Ns1 Co Co Co Co

Ci Ci Ci Ci Np Np Np Np Ns2

D2 Ns2 Ns2 Ns2 Ns2

Ns1
Np1 Ns1
Np1 Ns1 Ns1
D2 D2 D2 D2
Q4 Q1 D2
Q4 Q4 Q4 Q4 Q1 Q1 Q1 D2Q1 D2 D2 D2
Q1 Q1 Q1

(Transformer)
+VV Vout
Vout V
V+out
V+ V+ +
Vout VfV (Transformer)
(Transformer)
(Transformer)
(Transformer)
fV+
+outVout
fV+f V
+f Vf VVout
out
Vout +V+
V+out VVf+ V+ V
Vout VVout
out V+ V+ V out f +f V
ut
out DD
D == =D = f f f f D =1 11V1out
+V+
1 Vout fV+f fV
out f f V L
f f
N
N Duty D= N DD
==D=D = D =
= =D V=
DD V=VLin
VL LpLN N N sN
s NsNs Ns Ns Duty
Duty
Duty
Duty NN ssNsNs 2 22 2 2 N NNs NN Din in in
p inp p ps s s s
s s s s s
Lsh N
V V V
in
N in in Cycle
Cycle
Cycle
Cycle
Cycle VVin
V N
in inVinV
NpN in
V VVin V N
in inVin
Npin
Npp L L LLLpLL+ L
p+ p +psh LNpNpNpp N
p
pN N N N
p p p p ppNpNp NpNp +psh+sh sh

N N N
p p p p Q1
Q1
Q1FET
FET
Q1FET
Q1FET
FET VVQ1
VQ1V== VVin
V= V V VVQ1 V=V=
V= V= V V= V VQ1V=Q1
VQ1 V= V= Vin
Vin
2 2(V out
(V (V +
out outVout
(V+(VV)out
f+ fV
)+f)V
+f)Vf) Q1 Q1 =inV
in
Q1 =inVin Q1Q1 Q1Q1in ininin in Q1in=in
Vin
N N N
s s s s Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage

NNN N N N NNN N 2 2V2in

2Vin
VL V
2 L L LN N N
p p ps s NssNs
D1
D1D1Diode
D1Diode
D1Diode
Diode Diode ss s s s s ss s s p in
in
(V2 +out
f+
V fV
)+f)V VD1
V V= V=Vin
V=V --V-VV- V- V
= Vin V V V= V
=
2= 22 VV - V-f-V-Vf V-f Vf
=V 2=V 2
D1 inVin - V-fV-f-VV
-V
D1D1=D1 inin in
2=out (VV
+out (V) out +f)Vf) V V VV= V
= == =
ut Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage D1 NNpNpN Nf f f f f D1D1D1 in in
NN in N N f D1D1D1D1D1 L L+L+ L LL+ L+ L N N N ff f
p pp pNpp pp p p ps ps s s p pNpp N
p
(Transformer)
(Transformer)
(Transformer)
(Transformer)
(Transformer)

PWM
PWM
PWM
PWM PWM

Q1 FET
Q1Q1FET
Q1FET
FET
Q1 FET
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage

Q1 FET
Q1Q1
FET
Q1FET
FET
Q1 FET
Current
Current
Current
Current
Current

Np
NpPrimary
Primary
Np
NpPrimary
Primary
NpCurrent
Current
Current
Current
Primary
Current

Ns Secondary
NsNs
Secondary
NsSecondary
Secondary
Current
Current&& & &
Current
Current
Ns Secondary
Diode
Diode D1
DiodeD1D1
Diode D1
Current
Current&
Current
Current
Current
Diode D1
Current

Diode
Diode D1
DiodeD1D1
Diode D1
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Diode D1
Voltage

Inductor
Inductor L1L1L1L1
Inductor
Inductor
Current
Current
Current
Current
Inductor L1
Current

Power Topologies Quick Reference Guide 7

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