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ESSAY TOPIC : Jan Dhan Yojana

Even after 69 years of Independence, many people in India could not be brought within
the banking system. To tackle this acute problem the honorable Prime Minister Shri
Narendra Modi launched Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojna (PMJDY) on 28th August,
2014 with a vision to bring unbanked section of the society into mainstream banking. The
Scheme was initiated to provide bank account and banking services to each household in
the country so as to have comprehensive financial inclusion. So far, more than 25 crore
new bank accounts have been opened under the Scheme.

Under this Scheme, a majority of people who opened their bank accounts were earlier
outside the periphery of banking system. The most striking feature of this Scheme is that
instead of delivering banking services to villages, the focus is on households. Cities were
also included in the scheme. The number of people who have been included in the banking
system, in such a short time, is a global record. Both public and private banks have been
roped in for this scheme.
Through this Scheme, banks also got an opportunity to tap the saving potential of the
common man. Through Banking Correspondents banking services are delivered to
households at their doorstep. Banking Correspondents in many ways acts as ATM too for
many people. With Jan Dhan, Aadhar and Mobile (JAM) technology, bank accounts are
connected and middleman can no longer exploit the poor people. Ghost beneficiaries of
social schemes are also thing of past now. Such Schemes are definitely the need of the
hour and play an important role in transforming the lives of people and the country at
large.

Fifty Gold in Olympics: Can this be a reality for India?

India is worlds second-largest populated country and ninth largest economy; but in
Olympics it performs astonishingly poor. It is not true that Indians are poor athletes, as we
are excellent in some sports like Cricket and Hockey and performs well in commonwealth
games too.
So how to explain the Olympic medal deficiency? Probably the most common theory is
that both India as a country and Indians as individuals just have other priorities. Second is
the poor infrastructure and governance. Better infrastructure in rich countries enable
them to perform well. And, though India has an enormous population its effectively
participating population are low. Reasons for the same are poor childhood health, lack of
awareness, lack of transportation etc.
Role of governments in fostering national prestige is also important here. Cuba, North
Korea, China today and soviet union in the past invest heavily in finding and fostering
competitive athletes. The India government, should make a long term plan to galvanize
national athletic talent. Focus should be on school level.
Still, income and government cannot explain Indias under-performance. India has to
identify an Olympic event where its people might exceptionally excel. If we work in
synergy according to long term plan it would be possible that India wins more Gold
medals.

Demonetization: To deify or Demonise

Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender. On
November 8, 2016 the government announced a historic measure to demonetize the two
largest denomination notes Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000, which constitute 86% of the total cash in
circulation.

The aim of the action was fourfold: to curb corruption: counterfeiting, the use of high
denomination notes for terrorist activities; and especially the accumulation of black
money, generated by income that has not been declared to the tax authorities.
To fulfill the vision, the government announced that notes of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 were to
be deposited in the banks by December 30, 2016, while restrictions were placed on cash
withdrawals.

Some of the benefits of this reform are tax on black money, crowding out counterfeit
notes, higher tax compliance due to formal economy etc. In addition to these immediate
benefits, these are some long term benefits like making Indian economy a less-cash or
cash-lite economy. Notwithstanding its long term potential, demonetization had some
short term costs too, for example aggregate demand shock aggregate supply shock
liquidity shock etc.

Moving forward, the emphasis must be on maximizing demonetization is benefits while

minimizing its costs. First step to be taken immediately is to replenish the cash shortage.
In medium term, the impetus provided to digitization must continue. For higher tax
compliance taxation regime must be simple and predictable like GST.
Hence, if we compare the merits with demerits, it will be safe to conclude that former
outweighs the latter.
 Social Media/Cyberspace and Internet: Blessing or curse to human civilization in
the long run

Usages of social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, whatsapp etc. have dramatically
increased recently with the advancement of technology. Although, it has many detrimental
effects on the society but its positive side cannot be neglected.

Social networking sites mitigate communication gap not only in the immediate social
circle but also with friends and families in remote areas by sharing their news and
updates. They provide a rapid and effective way of interaction among people.
Furthermore, many social groups exist on such sites which help people to find persons of
the same interests and attitudes without confiding them to only geographical boundaries.
It has recently been seen that many injustice and social issues were shared in social
networking sites and that made a huge impact on authority and that has brought justice to
the victims. Social networking sites are a common ground for mass people to share their
updates, views and other details. Thus this has created a world without any boundary.

On the other hand, it is often seen that people have become disjointed and fragmented
dues to the social networking sites. Most affected are youngsters who would like to spend
most of their time on these sites. This has led dire consequences on their physical and
psychological health. Moreover, families are greatly affected by this and their social
bonding is no more present in contemporary days. People are getting addicted to these
websites and thus becoming less social in many cases. Propaganda and fraud relationship
have caused many personal and social dilemma.

To sum up, I would like to say that people have become more social and interactive by the
use of social networking sites. It gives people a sense of freedom to talk around the world
without worrying about the huge cost that incurred previously. However, it has severe
negative effects, as most of the people opt to talk using technology than meeting others in
person due to their busy lifestyle, it increases the distance in their relationship.

Women Empowerment

Women empowerment means enabling women to take their own decisions by breaking all
personal limitations of the society and family. It is to make them independent in all
aspects from minds, thoughts, rights, decisions etc.

In male dominated societies like India women are given limited roles, mostly domestic
responsibilities with many restrictions. Women constitute half of the population but there
has not been equality in any part of the world.
Their conditions were abysmal when sati system, child marriages were not illegal. These
systems could be made illegal by the relentless efforts of many social reformers like Raja
Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwar Chandra Vidya Sagar, etc.

After the advent of constitutions and democratic governments all over the world,
conditions of women have improved, however it is far beyond equality. Incidences of
female-foeticides, dowries, traffickings, etc are common even today.
In recent years, in India various legislations have been enacted to empower women, for
example, Sexual Harassment of women at work place Act 2013, Nirbhaya Fund, One stop
Centres, etc. Similarly many schemes targeted to empower women have been launched
like BBBP, ICDS, Women helpline, etc.

However, to make a society free from biases against women we first need to change the
patriarchal mindsets which favours male over female. For this education through mass
communication is very important. Both men and women should be made aware of their
rights and duties to promote and practice gender-equality. In addition to this, women
should have equal inheritance rights, as economically independent women are easily
empowered.
At last we should always keep in mind the quote of Swami Vivekananda, There is no
chance for the welfare of the world unless the conditions of women is improved. It is not
possible for a bird to fly on only one wing.

GST : One Nation One Tax

Goods and Service Tax is a single Indirect Tax on the supply of goods and services right
from the manufacturer to the customer. It was introduced as The Constitution (One
Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016.
Aim of thin reform is to make India come under one Nation one Tax regime in addition to
eradicating tax evasions, multiplicity and cascading effects of tax. Some other objectives
are to increase productivity, income Tax to GDP Ratio and revenue surplus, increase
compliance etc.
As per the Amendment Act, the GST Council will be a point form of the Centre and the
States. It is headed by Union Finance Minister and will make recommendations to the
Union and the States on important issues related to GST.
The GST would subsume version indirect taxes levied by Central and state governments.
This unified tax would help in reducing the multiplicity of taxes, mitigating cascading or
double taxation, creating simpler tax regime etc. This will also make positive uniform
prices. In addition to these benefits the tax would increase employment, attract
investments.
GST has all the ingredients of modern seamless taxation system. But its success will
depends on taking on board all the stakeholders and eliminating all the irritants which
goes against the principle of GST. Different tax slots may create dissatisfaction similarly, if
role of centre and State governments are not defined clearly it may have the negative
impacts on Centre-State relations. The GST council should work collectively for smoother
implementation of their reform.
With all concerns and worries, it is still a histrionic move to make India one of the most
favourable investments and manufacturing destination.

Digital India

Digital India is a program to transform India into digital empowered society and
knowledge economy. It was launched on July 1, 2015 by Hon. Prime Minister Shri
Narendra Modi.
Led by Department of Electronics and Information Technology (Deity), the programme
consists of three core components: First, creation of digital infrastructure as utility to
every citizen, second, to provide governance and Services on demand and third, Digital
empowerment of citizens.
It is an umbrella programme which cover many ministries and will put together many
existing schemes which would be restructured and refocused and implemented in a
synchronized manner.
Digital India aims to provide the much needed thrust to the nine pillars of growth areas,
namely Broadband Highways, e-governance, e-kranti, Information for all etc.
In order to achieve the goals of Digital India programme India has to overcome same
obstacles like shortage of funding for such a huge programme, lack of digital literacy,
awareness and threat from cyber crimes etc. The biggest challenge is safeguard sensitive
data. For this the government must pass a strong legislation to fight against data fraud and
have a aggressive policy on cyber issues.
Similarly with the collective efforts of all stakeholders, funds can be mobilized through
various means like FDIs, world Bank funding etc.
Spreading awareness and accumulation of faith in the digital system is the key area where
the government should focus first. Literacy should include digital literacy too. DISHA
should be implemented properly with proper evaluation of programme, the scheme has
potential to transform India into a digital leader in the world.

Make in India

The make in India initiative was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on September
25, 2014, with the primary good of making India a global manufacturing hub, by
encouraging both multinational as well as domestic companies to manufacture their
products within the country.
Led by the Department of Industrial Policy and promotion, the initiative aims to raise the
contribution of the manufacturing sector to 25% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by
the year 2020 from its current 16%.
Make in India has introduced multiple new initiatives, promoting foreign direct
investment, implementing intellectual property rights and developing the manufacturing
sector. It targets 25 sectors of the economy which ranges from automobile to Information
Technology and Business Process Management (BPM). It also seeks to facilitate job
creation, faster innovation, enhance skill development and protect intellectual property.
The initiative is built on four pillars which are New Processes, New Infrastructure New
Sectors and New Ministers.
Zero defect Zero effect is a key phrase associated with Make in India campaign, which
explains that the products made in India would have zero defect and zero effect on
environment, ensuring sustainable development.

However, to succeed the government has to take some steps key areas of focus are simple
and predictable tax regime, simple labour, laws skilling of the labours, highercase of doing
business, absence of red-tapism etc. Besides these, the initiative must have greater
linkages with other initiatives of the government, like SKILL INDIA START-UP INDIA,
DIGITAL INDIA etc.
The campaign has already made considerable success and if it moves forward with this
pace it will make India a global hub of manufacturing.

SKILL INDIA

India is one of the few countries in the world where the working-age populations will be
far in excess of those dependent on them. This is termed as demographic dividend, which
will continue till 2040. However, employability of Indian workers are extremely low. To
tackle this problem and harness the demographic dividend of the country skill India
campaign was launched by honourable Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on July 15,
2015. It includes various initiatives of the government like National skill Development
Mission, National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, 2015, Pradhan
Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, and Skill & loan scheme.

The campaign aims to converge and monitor all skill development schemes across the
country. It targets to train 400 million people in India in different skills by the year 2022.
Main focus is on vocational training. The campaign cover both urban and rural areas. For
rural areas Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana has been launched. Many
Skill training centres are being established across the country and participation of private
players is also being promoted. Private players can help the campaign succeed by many
ways like they can identify skill gaps, provide skill training validate or certify skill training
courses, invest in skilling etc. They can also forecast job demand in various
industries. Low level of skill development in the country is because of many factors, such
as inadequate promotion of vocational trainings at school level, inadequate trainingcentre,
lack of proper courses etc.

Hence, success of the campaign depends upon the availability of high-quality trainers,
adequate infrastructure, effective state policies and their efficient implementation. It is
time we changed our education system and include and give importance to
apprenticeship, vocational training in our academic curriculum.

Climate Change/Global Warming

Climate of a region is its average weather. Climate change therefore, is a change in the
average weather of a regions average rainfall or average temperature. It is important to
note that natural changes are balanced by nature itself but anthropogenic changes are
going towards unbalanced ends.
In common language we use global warming which refers to the long-term increase in
Earths average temperature. Most scientists agree that most of the warming since mid-
1900s is due to the burning of coal, oil and gas. Burning these fuels is how we produce
most of the energy we use every day. This burning adds heat-trapping gases, such as
carbon dioxide, into the air. These gases are called greenhouse gases.

Realizing the problems associated with global warming almost every country has come
forward to act jointly. It was 1970s when under the leadership of united Nation countries
started taking steps to limit or reduce GHGs in the atmosphere. These steps include using
energy more efficiently and using more clear energy. Some of the major agreements are
United Nation Environment Programme, Kyoto Protocol, UNFCCC, Paris Agreement etc.
Some countries are even planning for some unavoidable impacts. For example, some
coastal areas are planning for flooding and land loss that may result from rising sea levels.
Hence we should work on prevention, mitigation and adaptation too. Active participation
of local communities, adopting sustainable practices, living styles etc can be useful in
fighting against climate change. We have to contain the temperature increase to 2C
anyhow.

SMART CITY MISSION

Smart City Mission is an Urban renewal program by the government with a mission to
develop 100 cities all over the country. The aim is to make them citizen friendly and
sustainable. It was launched by honourable Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on June
25, 2016. The Ministry of Urban Development is responsible for implementing the
mission.
Cities accommodate nearly 31% of Indias population and contribute 63% of GDP (Census,
2011). Urban areas are expected to house 40% of Indias population and contribute 75%
of Indias GDP by 2030. This requires comprehensive development of physical,
institutional, social and economic infrastructure.
Smart cities focus on their most important requirements and on the greatest opportunities
to improve lives. They tap a range of approaches digital and information technologies,
Urban planning best practices, public private partnerships, and policy change to make
a difference. They always put people first. Application of Smart Solutions is core area of
Smart Cities.
The core infrastructure elements are adequate water supply, assured electricity supply,
sanitation, including solid waste management, efficient transport, good governance,
sustainable environment, safety and security of citizens, robust IT connectivity and
digitization, health and education etc.
These are some challenges too, like retrofitting requires huge investment and time. Smart
cities require smart people who actively participate in governance and reforms.
However, these problems can be solved and India may have many Smart Cities which
focuses on Smart solutions. For this active participation of citizens, funding from
international bodies like World Bank, participation of private players. Apart from this
independence to local bodies at city level is also paramount in recognizing need of cities in
a decentralised way.

Corruption In India
Introduction:
Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
It is not easy to define corruption. But in a narrow sense, corruption is mostly concerned
with bribery and it takes several forms. Corruption is a global phenomenon and it is
omnipresent. Corruption has progressively increased and is now rampant in our
society.National scenario. Corruption in India is a consequence of the nexus between
Bureaucracy, politics and criminals. India is now no longer considered a soft state. It has
now become a consideration state where everything can be had for a consideration.
Today, the number of ministers with an honest image can be counted on fingers. At one
time, bribe was paid for getting wrong things done but now bribe is paid for getting right
things done at right time.

Effects of corruption:
Indian administration is tainted with scandals. India is among 55 of the 106 countries
where corruption is rampant, according to the Corruption Perception Index 2004 Report
released by Transparency International India. Corruption in India leads to promotion not
prison. It is very difficult to catchs big sharks. Corruption in India has wings not wheels.
As nation grows, the corrupt also grow to invent new methods of cheating the government
and public.

Causes of corruption:
The causes of corruption are many and complex. Following are some of the causes of
corruption. Emergence of political elite who believe in interest-oriented rather than
nation-oriented programmes and policies. Artificial scarcity created by the people with
malevolent intentions wrecks the fabric of the economy. Corruption is caused as well as
increased because of the change in the value system and ethical qualities of men who
administer. The old ideals of morality, service and honesty are regarded as an
anachronistic. Tolerance of people towards corruption, complete lack of intense public
outcry against corruption and the absence of strong public forum to oppose corruption
allow corruption to reign over people.

Vast size of population coupled with widespread illiteracy and the poor economic
infrastructure lead to endemic corruption in public life.In a highly inflationary economy,
low salaries of government officials compel them to resort to the road of corruption.
Graduates from IIMs with no experience draw a far handsome salary than what
government secretaries draw. Complex laws and procedures alienate common people to
ask for any help from government.

Election time is a time when corruption is at its peak level. Big industrialist fund
politicians to meet high cost of election and ultimately to seek personal favour. Bribery to
politicians buys influence, and bribery by politicians buys votes. In order to get elected,
politicians bribe poor illiterate people, who are slogging for two times meal.

Measures to combat corruption:

Is it possible to contain corruption in our society? Corruption is a cancer, which every
Indian must strive to cure. Many new leaders when come into power declare their
determination to eradicate corruption but soon they themselves become corrupt and start
amassing huge wealth.

There are many myths about corruption, which have to be exploded if we really want to
combat it. Some of these myths are: Corruption is a way of life and nothing can be done
about it. Only people from underdeveloped or developing countries are prone to
corruption. We will have to guard against all these crude fallacies while planning
measures to fight corruption.

Foolproof laws should be made so that there is no room for discretion for politicians and
bureaucrats. The role of the politician should be minimized. Application of the evolved
policies should be left in the hands of independent commission or authority in each area of
public interest. Decision of the commission or authority should be challenge able only in
the courts.

Cooperation of the people has to be obtained for successfully containing corruption.

People should have a right to recall the elected representatives if they see them becoming
indifferent to the electorate. Funding of elections is at the core of political corruption.
Electoral reforms are crucial in this regard. Several reforms like: State funding of election
expenses for candidates; strict enforcement of statutory requirements like holding in-
party elections, making political parties get their accounts audited regularly and filing
income-tax returns; denying persons with criminal records a chance to contest elections,
should be brought in.

Responsiveness, accountability and transparency are a must for a clean system.

Bureaucracy, the backbone of good governance, should be made more citizen friendly,
accountable, ethical and transparent. More and more courts should be opened for speedy
& inexpensive justice so that cases dont linger in courts for years and justice is delivered
on time.

Local bodies, Independent of the government, like Lokpals, Lokadalats, CVCs and Vigilance
Commissions should be formed to provide speedy justice with low expenses.

A new Fundamental Right viz. Right to Information should be introduced, which will
empower the citizens to ask for the information they want. Barring some confidential
information, which concerns national and international security, other information should
be made available to general public as and when required. Stringent actions against
corrupt officials will certainly have a deterrent impact.

Conclusion:
Corruption is an intractable problem. It is like diabetes, can only be controlled, but not
totally eliminated. It may not be possible to root out corruption completely at all levels but
it is possible to contain it within tolerable limits. Honest and dedicated persons in public
life, control over electoral expenses could be the most important prescriptions to combat
corruption. Corruption has a corrosive impact on our economy. It worsens our image in
international market and leads to loss of overseas opportunities. Corruption is a global
problem that all countries of the world have to confront, solutions, however, can only be
home grown. We have tolerated corruption for so long. The time has now come to root it
out from its roots.

Essay Writing Tips for Tier 3 Descriptive Paper in SSC CGL Exam

1. What to Expect in SSC CGL Essay?

This is an important topic which would test you not only on your facts and grammar but
also on your opinions. The expected topics may be based on polity, governance, current
affairs, social issues (gender, caste, and communalism). Topics related to role of media,
characteristics of a responsible media or censorship of media may be other possible
topics. Refer to the list of expected topics mentioned below.

2. How to Prepare for SSC CGL Essay?

Read newspaper carefully. The newspapers (esp. The Hindu and The Indian Express) not
only gives you facts but also help you to formulate opinions on particular subject matters.
Reading editorials is one of the best ways get ideas on how to approach an essay. Read
good books of interest to prepare for the essay topic.

3. What Should be the Structure of the Essay?

Let your essay have 3 parts: Introduction, Body and Conclusion. The Body can be further
divided into 3 to 5 paragraphs. Dont worry, you have enough time to write that much.
Make sure that each paragraph talks about one or two important aspects and not more.
Try to complete an idea within the paragraph and introduce a new idea in the next
paragraph.

4. How to Tackle the Essay in SSC CGL Tier III Paper?

In the examination hall, after selecting the topic that you want to attempt, first decide the
points that you would include in your essay. Write down the points roughly. This makes it
easier to flesh out the points later.

You can start by writing a few keywords and then writing all the Social, Political, Legal,
Technological, Economic and other factors that influence or are affected by the topic on
hand. Alternatively, you can pick a side in the topic and perform a SWOT (Strength,
Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) analysis on it.

Your flow of writing will be easier when you have these points to guide you. Dont worry,
if something pops up in your mind at some later point while writing the essay. You can
always add to your essay.

5. How to Make the Essay Better?

If you think that your vocabulary is not very good, use simple words to properly explain
your ideas. Pay careful attention to grammar and see that your language is correct. To
validate your points, quotes from some author are welcome if only you remember them
properly. Try to validate your points with relevant examples.
 6. When to Stop Writing the Essay?

Make sure that you do not go on writing whatever comes to your mind and end up writing
unnecessary things. Remember that at the end of the day, the quality and not the quantity
matters. Make sure that youve covered all the important points in your initial pointers
within the prescribed time frame.

7. How to Practice Writing Essays

For the purpose of practice, pick up topics of your choice and write them with a limited
time frame. You can pick up the topics mentioned below.

List of 20+ Expected Topics for Essays:

1. Demonetization

2. Digital payments, E- Wallets

3. Unified Payment Interface

4. The Seventh Pay Commission

5. Corruption

6. Intolerance

7. Women Empowerment

8. The Technological Revolution

9. Sexual Harassment

10. Reservation in educational institutions

11. Right to Information

12. Right to Equality

13. Gender sensitivity/ Gender specific roles

14. The GST bill

15. Reservation of women in Parliament

16. Violence and peace

17. Terrorism
 18. The Kashmir Issue

19. The India Pakistan Relations

20. Globalization

21. OROP
GOODS AND SERVICE TAX

What is GST?

Goods and Services Tax - GST - is a comprehensive tax levied on manufacture, sale and
consumption of goods and services at a national level. Through a tax credit mechanism,
this tax is collected on value-added goods and services at each stage of sale or purchase in
the supply chain. The system allows the set-off of GST paid on the procurement of goods
and services against the GST which is payable on the supply of goods or services.
However, the end consumer bears this tax as he is the last person in the supply chain.
Experts say that GST is likely to improve tax collections and boost Indias economic
development by breaking tax barriers between States and integrating India through a
uniform tax rate.

What are the benefits of GST?

Under GST, the taxation burden will be divided equitably between manufacturing and
services, through a lower tax rate by increasing the tax base and minimizing exemptions.
It is expected to help build a transparent and corruption-free tax administration. GST will
be levied only at the destination point, and not at various points (from manufacturing to
retail outlets).Currently, a manufacturer needs to pay tax when a finished product moves
out from a factory, and it is again taxed at the retail outlet when sold.

How will it benefit the Centre and the States ?

It is estimated that India will gain $15 billion a year by implementing the Goods and
Services
Tax as it would promote exports, raise employment and boost growth. It will divide the
tax
burden equitably between manufacturing and services.

What are the benefits of GST for individuals and companies?

In the GST system, both Central and State taxes will be collected at the point of sale. Both
components (the Central and State GST) will be charged on the manufacturing cost. This
will benefit individuals as prices are likely to come down. Lower prices will lead to more
consumption, thereby helping companies.
What type of GST is proposed for India?

India is planning to implement a dual GST system. Under dual GST, a Central Goods and
Services Tax (CGST) and a State Goods and Services Tax (SGST) will be levied on the
taxable value of a transaction. All goods and services, barring a few exceptions, will be
brought into the GST base. There will be no distinction between goods and services.

What are the flaws in present GST bill?

The government should remove flaws in the Constitutional Amendment Bill and build a
consensus with the states on a flawless GST. The Bill, to give the Centre and states
concurrent powers to tax goods and services, is a right step. What is not correct is a 1%
extra levy proposed to be charged when goods move from one state to another. If
Rajasthan imports goods from Maharashtra, it will pay 1% tax to Maharashtra, but the
levy will not be charged if the goods are imported from outside India. Also, the 1% tax
would apply multiple times, every time goods move from one state to another, and could
cumulate to as much as 5% in a typical supply chain. This will add to the cascade of taxes
that products bear and raise the cost of raw materials, capital and finished goods.

As there will be no set-offs on the extra levy to be in force for two years or such other
period as the GST Council may recommend. However, producing states want the levy on
the grounds that they will lose out when the central sales tax is scrapped. There is no logic
as the Centre has already guaranteed compensation to states while transiting to GST. The
extra levy will scuttle the Make in India plan. It goes against the grain of GST and renders
our exports uncompetitive. The extra levy should be scrapped.

Keeping real estate out of GST is a bad idea as credit will not be available for taxes paid on
inputs used in construction such as cement and steel. Construction capital expenditure is
40% of total capital investment in a year, and thats not small change. Bringing real estate
under GST will raise investment and push growth.