ALTERNATING CURRENT

1. The effective value of current i = 2 sin 100 t + 2 cos (100 t + 30) is: [ Made 2003]
/kkj k i = 2 sin 100 t + 2 cos (100 t + 30) d k i zHkkoh eku gksxk% [M.Bank_AC_1.1]

(A*) 2 A (B) 2 2 3 (C) 4 (D) 2 2 A

Sol. Equation can be written as i = 2 sin 100 t + 2 sin (100 t + 120)

so phase difference = 120

= A 12 A 22 2A 1A 2 cos

1
4 4 2 2 2 = 2 so effective value will rms. value = 2 / 2 = 2A
2
=

2. When a voltage vs = 200 2 sin ( t + 15) is applied to an AC circuit the current in the circuit is found
to be i = 2 sin ( t + /4) then average power concumed in the circuit is [M.Bank_AC_1.4]
t c , d i zR; kor hZi fj i Fk esavs = 200 2 sin ( t + 15) dk foHko yxk; k t kr kgSr ksbl esa/kkj k i = 2 sin ( t + /4)
i k; ht kr hgSA i fj i Fk esami ; q
Dr vkSl r ' kfDr dk eku gksxk [Made 2004]

(A) 200 watt (B) 400 2 watt (C*) 100 6 watt (D) 200 2 watt
Sol. Correction 150 15
Pav = vrms rms cos
1 3 1

. cos (30) = 200 2 cos (15) = 200 2
200 2 2
2 2 2
=
2 2

3 1
= 200 2 = 100 ( 3 1)

3. The secondary coil of an ideal step down transformer is delivering 500 watt power at 12.5 A current. If
the ratio of turns in the primary to the secondary is 5 : 1, then the current flowing in the primary coil will
be : [Made 2006, PG, GRSTUX] [M.Bank_AC_11.1]
, d vi pk; hVkWl QkeZj dhf} r h; d dq . My h12.5 , Ei h; j /kkj ki j 500 okW V t kZi znRr dj r hgS
A vxj i zkFkfed r Fkk
f} r h; d d q
. My h esaQsjksad k vuq
i kr 5 : 1 gSr ksi zkFkfed d q . My hesa/kkj k d k eku gksxkA
[Made 2006, PG, GRSTUX]
(A) 62.5 A (B*) 2.5 A (C) 6 A (D) 0.4 A
Sol. P = V
For secondary :
P2 500
V2 = = = 40 volts
2 12 .5
For an ideal transformer (100% efficient)
Pinput = Poutput
V 1 1 = V 2 2
V2 2
[ n V
n1 V1

40(12.5) 5 V1
1 = V1 = 40 5 = 2.5 A ].
2 2 1 40

4. In a series R L C circuit, the frequency of the source is half of the resonance frequency. The nature
of the circuit will be: [Made 2004] M.Bank_AC_8.2
, d R L C Js.khi fj i Fk esa
] L=kksr d hvkofk vuq
ukn v kofk d hvk/khgS A i fj i Fk d hi zd fr gksxh%
(A*) capacitive (B) inductive (C) purely resistive (D) selective
(A*) /kkfj r h; (B) i s
zjdh; (C) i w
. kZ
r %i zfr j ks/kh; (D) selective
1
and XL = L
C
Sol. XC =
At < res, X C > X L The circuit is capacitive

RESONANCE Page # 1
5. In the given AC circuit, which of the following is incorrect : M.Bank_AC_8.12
fn; sx; si zR; kor hZ/kkj k i fj i Fk dsfy, fuEu esal sdkS
ul k dFku vl R; gS&

[Made 2006, CSS, GRSTU]

(A*) Voltage across resistance is lagging by 90 than the voltage across capacitor.
(B) voltage across capacitor is lagging by 180 than voltage across inductor.
(C) voltage across inductor is leading by 90 than voltage across resistance.
(D) Resistance of the circuit is equal to reactance of circuit.
(A*) i zfr j ks/k dsvuq fn' kfoHko] l a/kkfj =k dsvuq fn' k foHko l s90 i hNsgSA
(B) l a/kkfj =kdsvuq fn' kfoHko] i zsjd dq . Myhdsvuq fn' kfoHko l s180 l si hNsgS
A
(C) i z
sjd dq . Myhdsvuq fn' kfoHko] i zfr j ks/kdsvuq fn' k foHko l s90 vkxsgS A
(D) i fj i Fkdki z fr j ks/k] bl dhi zfr ?kkr dsl eku gS A
Sol. Since the circuit is at resonance so current in the circuit is in the phase with applied voltage.
Voltage across inductor leads the current by /2 and across a capacitor lags by / 2. So the voltage across
resistance is lagging by 90 than the voltage across capacitor.

6. An inductor (xL = 2) a capacitor (xC = 8) and a resistance (8) is connected in series with an ac source.
The voltage output of A.C source is given by v = 10 cos 100t. M.Bank_AC_8.4
, d i zsjd dq . My h(xL = 2), , d l a /kkfj =k(xC = 8) r Fkk, d i zfr j ks/k(8) Js.khe esa, d i zR; kor hZ/kkj kL=kksr l st q
M+
s
gSi zR; kor hZ/kkj k L=kksr ds} kj k i znk foHko v = 10 cos 100t gS A
(a) Find the impedance of the circuit.
i fj i Fkdhi zfr ok/kkD; kgksxh
(b) Find the instantaneous p.d. between A and B when it is half of the voltage output from
source at that instant.
A r FkkB dse/; r kR{kf.kd foHko i r u D; k gksxk t ksfd ml {k.k Jksr } kj k i znk foHko dk vk/kk gS
A

[Made - 2005 PKS]

Sol. (a) impedance of circuit = R 2 ( X C X L )2

Z= 8 2 (8 2)2 = 10
(b) The current leads in phase by ( XC > XL )
= 37
10 cos (100 t 37)
i = = cos (100 t + 37)
Z

The instantaneous potential difference across A B is

= m (XC XL) cos (100t + 37 90)
= 6 cos (100 t 53)
The instantaneous potential difference across A B is half of source voltage.
6 cos (100 t 53) = 5 cos 100 t
1 24
cos 100 t =
1 (7 / 24 ) 2
solving we get =
25

24 24
instantaneous potential difference = 5 = volts
25 5

RESONANCE Page # 2
7. In the series LCR circuit as shown in figure, the heat developed in 80 seconds and amplitude of
wattless current is : [Made_ CSS] [8.11_ AC]
fp=k esafn[ kk; sJs.khe LCR i fj i Fk esa80 l S
d .MesamRiUu "ek r Fkk ' kf j fgr (watt less) /kkj k dk vk; ke gksxk &
[Made_ CSS]

(A*) 4000 J, 3A (B) 8000 J, 3A (C) 4000 J, 4A (D) 8000 J, 5A

Sol. Heat = (irms)2 . Rt
i0 25
irms = = where, Z = R 2 ( x L x C )2 = 4 2 (7 4 ) 2 = 5
2 Z 2

25
2

Heat = .4.80 = 4000 J and Amplitude of wattless current = i0 sin

5 2

xL x C 74
where ; = tan1 = tan1 = 37 Amplitude = i sin37 =
25 3
. = 3 Ampere
R 4 0 5 5
Hence (A)

8. Current in an A.C. circuit is given by i = 2 2 sin (t + /4), then the average value of current during
time t = 0 to t = 1 sec is: [Made 2004] [AC_1.3]
, d i zR; kor hZ/kkj k i fj i Fk esa/kkj k i = 2 2 sin (t + /4) l si znf' kZ
r gSr kst = 0 l st = 1 l S
d . Mesa/kkj k d k vkS
lr
eku gksxk&
4 4 2

(D) 2 2 A

(A) 0 (B*) A (C) A

i dt
1

sin t 4 =

1
0 4

Sol. <i> = =2 2 Ans.
1
0

9. An alternating voltage of 260 volt and = 100 radian/second, is applied in an LCR series circuit where
L = 0.01 H, C = 4 104 F and R = 10. The power supplied by the source is: [Q. 10.1_ A.C.]
YV r Fkk = 100 j sfM; u/l S
260 oks 0 d k, d i zR; kor hZfoHko , d LCR Js.khi fj i Fkesay xk; kt kr k gS
A t gkL = 0.01
H, C = 4 10 F r Fkk R = 10v ks
4 e gSA L=kksr } kj k i znRr ' kfDr gksxh %
&
(A*) 1000 W (B) 6760 W (C) 3380 W (D) 3000 W
Sol. P = irms Vrms cos
Vrms = 260 volt
v rms 260
irms = = = 10
z 26

1
2
R 2 L
R 10

P.F. = cos = = [ z = = 26]
z 26 c
10
P = (10) (260) = 1000 W Ans.
26

10. In above question the resonance frequency of the circuit (in hertz) will be : [Q. 10.2_ A.C.]
mi j ksDr i z'u esai fj i Fk d h vuq
ukn vkofRr gVZ
~
t esagksxh %
&
25 250 40 200

(A) (B*) (C) (D)

RESONANCE Page # 3
 1
2 LC
Sol. Resonance frequency =

1 1
2 4
2 (10 )( 4 10 2 2 10 3
= =
)

1000 250
4
= = Ans.

11. An alternating voltage of 260 volt and = 100 radian/second, is applied in an LCR series circuit where
L = 0.01 H, C = 4 104 F and R = 10. The power supplied by the source is: [Q. 10.1_ A.C.]
YV r Fkk = 100 j sfM; u/l S
260 oks 0 d k, d i zR; kor hZfoHko , d LCR Js.khi fj i Fkesay xk; kt kr k gS
A t gkL = 0.01
H, C = 4 10 F r Fkk R = 10v ks
4 e gSA L=kksr } kj k i znRr ' kfDr gksxh %
&
(A*) 1000 W (B) 6760 W (C) 3380 W (D) 3000 W
Sol. P = irms Vrms cos
Vrms = 260 volt
v rms 260
irms = = = 10
z 26

1
2
R 2 L
R 10

P.F. = cos = = [ z = = 26]
z 26 c
10
P = (10) (260) = 1000 W Ans.
26

12. In above question the resonance frequency of the circuit (in hertz) will be : [Q. 10.2_ A.C.]
mi j ksDr i z'u esai fj i Fk d h vuq
ukn vkofRr gVZ
~
t esagksxh %
&
25 250 40 200

(A) (B*) (C) (D)

1
2 LC
Sol. Resonance frequency =

1 1
2
2 (10 )( 4 10 4 ) 2 2 10 3
= =

1000 250
4
= = Ans.

H and C = F are connected in series with an a.c. source of

2 8
In the figure shows R = 100 , L =

13.

200 volt and frequency f. V1 and V2 are two hot-wire voltmeters. If the readings of V1 and V2 are same
then :

H r FkkC = F
2 8
fp=kesan' kkZ l kj R = 100 , L =
, vuq Js.khe esa200 volt r Fkkf. V1 r FkkV2 nksr Ir r kj (hot

wire) oks
YVehVj gS
A vxj V1 r FkkV2 dk i kB; ka
d ,d t S
l k gSr ks: [Made RKV, 2006, P]
[Only for P] [8.10 AC]

(A*) f = 125 Hz
(B) f = 250 Hz

RESONANCE Page # 4
 (C*) current through R is 2A R esal s/kkj k2A gS
A
(D*) V1 = V2 = 1000 volt

Sol. V1 = V2 xL = xC
1 v0 200
0 = ( X = 0
2 LC
f= = 125 Hz = Z = R) = 2A
R 100

( 2 / )

L
V1 = V2 = X L = .(L) = .L.
1
= 2
(8 10 6 / )
= = 1000 volt Ans.
LC C

14. In the given AC circuit, which of the following is incorrect : [8.12_AC]

fn; sx; si zR; kor hZ/kkj k i fj i Fk dsfy, fuEu esal sdkS
ul k dFku vl R; gS&

[Made 2006, CSS, GRSTU]

(A*) Voltage across resistance is lagging by 90 than the voltage across capacitor.
(B) voltage across capacitor is lagging by 180 than voltage across inductor.
(C) voltage across inductor is leading by 90 than voltage across resistance.
(D) Resistance of the circuit is equal to reactance of circuit.

(A*) i zfr j ks/k dsvuq fn' kfoHko] l a/kkfj =k dsvuq fn' k foHko l s90 i hNsgSA
(B) l a/kkfj =kdsvuq fn' kfoHko] i zsjd dq . Myhdsvuq fn' kfoHko l s180 l si hNsgS
A
(C) i z
sjd dq . Myhdsvuq fn' kfoHko] i zfr j ks/kdsvuq fn' k foHko l s90 vkxsgS A
(D) i fj i Fkdki z fr j ks/k] bl dhi zfr ?kkr dsl eku gS A
Sol. Since the circuit is at resonance so current in the circuit is in the phase with applied voltage.
Voltage across inductor leads the current by /2 and across a capacitor lags by / 2. So the voltage across
resistance is lagging by 90 than the voltage across capacitor.

15. The value of current in two series L C R circuits at resonance is same when connected across a
sinusoidal voltage source. Then: [Made 2004] M.Bank_AC_8.6
nksL C R Js.khi fj i Fk t ksfd vuq
ukn i j ga
S
] t c os, d T; k oh; foHko L=kksr l st q
M+
sgS
a
A t c os, d /kkj k dk eku
l eku gS&
(A) both circuits must be having same value of capacitance and inductor
nksuksai fj i Fkksaesa/kkfj r kr Fkki zsjdRo dkeku l eku gksxkA
(B) in both circuits ratio of L and C will be same
nksuksai fj i FkksaesaL r Fkk C dk vuqi kr l eku gksxk
(C*) for both the circuits X L/X C must be same at that frequency
vuq ukn vkofki j nksuksai fj i FkksaesaXL/XC dkeku l eku gksxkA
(D) both circuits must have same impedance at all frequencies.
nksuksai fj i Fkksadhi zfr ok/kkl Hkhvkofk; ksai j l eku gksxhA
XL
Sol. XL = XC at resonance = 1. for both circuits
XC

16. In the given circuit assuming inductor and source to be ideal, the phase difference between current 1
and 2 : [Made PG sir]
i zsjd d q , fn; sx; si fj i Fk esa/kkj k 1 r Fkk 2 d se/; d y kUr j gksxk:
. My h r Fkk L=kksr d ksvkn' kZekur sgq
[Made PG sir] M.Bank_A.C._9.3

RESONANCE Page # 5
 Xc Xc Xc
(A) tan1 (B) tan1 (C*) tan1 + (D)

R 2 R R 2 2
Sol. Let; VS = Vs sint
1 = 01 sin(t /2)
2 = 02 sin(t + )

Xc
; tan1 +
Xc
tan = ; So phase difference = + Ans.
R 2 R 2

RESONANCE Page # 6