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OF DC MACHINES
1
SECTIONAL VIEW OF A DC GENERATOR
2
MAIN PARTS OF DC MACHINES
1. Body or Yoke
2. Main field poles
3. Armature
4. Commutator
5. Inter-poles or Commutating poles
6. Compensating winding
7. Brushes and Brush holders
8. Bearing
3
CROSS-SECTIONAL VIEW OF A DC MACHINE
4
BODY OR YOKE
6
MAIN FIELD POLES
7
FIELD WINDINGS
The field winding or coil are wound around the main poles.
It carry the excitation current and produce the main field.
The poles are created electromagnetically.
Two types of field windings namely shunt winding and series
winding.
The resistance of shunt winding is high and large number of turns
of small section copper conductor is used.
The resistance of series winding is low and a few turns of heavy
cross section conductor is used.
Some machines have both the windings on the field poles.
8
ARMATURE DETAILS
Shaft
9
ARMATURE CORE
10
ARMATURE AND ARMATURE CORE
11
ARMATURE WINDING
12
DOUBLE LAYER ARMATURE WINDING
13
ARMATURE WINDING
The armature coils are wound on the surface of the armature core.
Armature windings are in general pre-formed, taped and lowered
into the open slots on the armature.
For small machines, armature can be hand wound.
The coils are strafed by the bands of steel wire on the surface of the
rotor due to centrifugal forces.
For large machines slot wedges are additionally used to restrain the
coils from flying away.
The end portion of the windings are taped at the free end and bound
to the winding carrier ring of the armature at the commutator end.
The armature must be dynamically balanced to reduce the
centrifugal forces at the operating speeds.
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INTER POLES
15
INTER POLES AND INTER POLE WINDING
16
ARMATURE AND COMPENSATING WINDING
17
COMPENSATING WINDING
18
ARMATURE WINDING AND COMMUTATOR
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COMMUTATOR OF A DC MACHINE
20
COMMUTATOR SEGMENTS
21
CYLINDRICAL TYPE COMMUTATOR
(A LONGITUDINAL SECTION)
22
COMMUTATOR
24
POSITIONING OF THE BRUSH ON THE COMMUTATOR
25
BRUSH AND BRUSH HOLDERS
26
BALL BEARING
27
ROLLER BEARING
28
BEARINGS OF DC MACHINES
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