Lesson Plan in Rudiments of Music

Prepared by: Daniel G. Vicencio

I Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a) Identify the numerical value of the four basic notes and rests (whole, half, quarter,
eighth.)
b) Understand the three basic time signatures and the meaning of its numbers.
c) Identify and fill in missing values in a measure.
d) Demonstrate an ability to construct simple rhythmic passages using the basic notes,
rests, and time signatures.

II Subject matter: Basic note values and time signatures.

Reference: Music In Theory and Practice Volume I 8th edition by Benward and Saker;
http://www.musicreadingsavant.com; http://www.musictheory.net
Materials: PowerPoint, LCD Projector, Blackboard, Chalk, Board eraser.

III Procedure

A. Preparation
Teachers activity Students activity

Good morning class. Good morning Sir.

Let us pray first before we begin. Can (One student will lead the class in prayer)
someone please lead the prayer?

You may now take your seats. Thank you Sir.

B. Motivation
Teachers activity Students activity

Okay class. Do you remember what I have

told you last meeting? Didnt I give you an
assignment for extra credit? Yes Sir!

Good. Can someone kindly state it in front Find out why Ut was changed to Do and
of the class? why Si was changed to Ti.
 Alright thank you. Now take a 1/2 sheet of (Students will write their answer on a
paper and write your answer there. sheet of paper. Students will submit their
papers after answering.)

Please submit your papers. So now lets
see what the answer is. Can someone
kindly stand up and state their answer on
the first part in front of the class?
(One student will stand up and state his/her
answer.)
Ut was changed to Do at the suggestion
of musicologue Giovanni Battista Doni
because Do was more ideal for vocalizing.
It was taken from the first syllable of his
surname.

Thats correct. Thank you. You may now
sit down. Now why was Si changed to Ti?
Who would like to answer?
(Another student will stand up and state the
answer.
Si was changed to Ti by 19th-century
music teacher Sarah Anna Glover to
differentiate the initial letter of Sol from
that of Si.

That is also correct! Thank you. You may

now sit down. As you can see, these
changes might be simple but they made a
huge difference to solfege vocalization.

So for those who were able to answer both

correctly, you will earn 2 extra credits. If
you were only able to answer correctly
once, you will only earn 1 extra credit.

C. Quiz
Teachers activity Students activity

Okay class, as I have announced, we will

be having a quiz today about what we have
learned last meeting before we start our
class today. I hope you reviewed last
weeks topic.

Please get a whole sheet of paper. The (Students will get a whole sheet of paper.)
quiz contains 30 points.
 (Teacher will present the questions through (Students will refer to the PowerPoint for
PowerPoint.) the questions.)

(1st slide items 1-8: Letter names = sol-fa (Answers items 1-8: A, Do, E, Ti, D, Sol, C,
syllables, fill-in the blanks.) Fa)

(2nd slide items 9-11 & 12: Draw a grand (Draws a grand staff for items 9-11 and
staff and name the note.) answer Middle C for item 12)

(3rd slide items 13-17: Identify the notes (Answers items 13-17: B Ti, F Fa, G Sol, E
using letter names and sol-fa syllables.) Mi, D Re)

(4th slide items 18-21: Identify the notes (Answers items 18-21: C Do, F Fa, E Mi, A
using letter names and sol-fa syllables.) La)

(5th slide items 22-26: Identify the notes (Answers items 22-26: D Re, A La, B Ti, G
using letter names and sol-fa syllables.) Sol, F Fa)

(6th slide items 27-30: Identify the notes (Answers items 27-30: E Mi, A La, G Sol, C
using letter names and sol-fa syllables.) Do)

Okay class submit your papers once

youre done. I will return them next meeting (Students will submit their papers and
together with your papers for the extra return to their seats.)
credit.

D. Lesson proper
Teachers activity Students activity

Today our lesson is about the basic music

notes, rests, and time signatures.

First, we have what we call the whole note.

The whole note has the longest duration in
modern music notation. It contains 4 beats
or 4 counts.

Second we have the half note. The half

note has half the duration of a whole note.
 So if a whole note contains 4 beats, how
many beats does that half note have? Two (2) Sir.

Good! Thats right. So if we combine one

whole note and one half note, how many
beats will we have? Six (6) Sir.

Thats correct

As shown on this slide, two half notes

occupy the same amount of time as one
whole note. So if we have four half notes,
how many whole notes do we have? Two (2) Sir.

Correct. Next we have the quarter note. It

is a fourth (or a quarter) of a whole note.
Four quarter notes occupy the same
amount of time as one whole note. And two
quarter notes equal the duration of one half
note.

So if there are two whole notes, how many

quarter notes do we have? Eight (8) Sir.

Very good!

Now, we have the eighth note. It is an

eighth of a whole note. Two eighth notes
occupy the same amount of time as one
quarter note. And four eighth notes occupy
the same amount of time as one half note.

If there are two quarter notes, how many

eighth notes do we have? Four (4) Sir.

Notes smaller in duration than a quarter

note have flags. Each flags halves the
value of a note. Can someone identify what Sir it is the short curved line that is
the flag is on the eighth note? connected to the stem.

That is correct!
 Now, we have what we call rests. What
comes to your mind when you hear the (Students give a brief answer)
word rest?

Thank you for your answers. Basically,

rests represent periods of silence in a
measure or in a piece of music.

Right here we have the whole rest. As the

name whole suggests, Whole rests are
similar to whole notes with one difference:
Instead of four beats of sound, we will have
four beats of silence.

Next we have the half rest. If a whole note

has two beats of sound, what does the half Sir, a half rest contains two beats of
rest have? silence.

Correct! Thank you for your answer. But

wait. The whole rest and the half rest look
very identical and theyre a bit confusing to
identify. Do you find it hard to identify which Yes Sir.
is which between the two?

Alright. So to easily differentiate the two,

imagine that the whole rest is an upside
down hat. And if you can imagine a person
wearing a hat, then you know that it is a Yes Sir, it does.
half rest. Does that explanation make it
clearer?

Very well. Now we have the quarter rest. It

is the quiet counterpart of the quarter note.
So if we have one beat of sound on a The quarter rest has one beat of silence.
quarter note, what does the quarter rest
have?

Thats right! And the last rest we have for

now is the eighth rest. Can someone tell The eighth rest has half a beat of silence.
me what the eighth rest has?

Splendid! Thats correct.

Lets now move on to time signatures. Can A time signature tells you how the music is
someone kindly read the definition of time to be counted. The time signature is written
signature? at the beginning of the staff after the clef
and key signature.

Thank you. Time signatures consist of two

numbers written like a fraction. The top
number tells you how many beats to
count. The bottom number tells you what
kind of note to count.

What does it mean if there is a number 4 It means that there are four beats in a
on top? measure.

Correct. What does it mean if there is a It means that there are three beats in a
number 3 on top? measure.

Thats right. Now what does it mean if

there is a number 2 on top? How many Two Sir.
beats will we have in a measure?

Correct. Now lets go to the bottom

numbers. If there is a number 4 on the It means that the note that will be receiving
bottom, what does it mean? one beat is the quarter note.

Exactly! Now what if theres a number 2 on The half note will be the one receiving one
the bottom? beat.

Yes! But what if the bottom number is 8? Then the one who receives one beat is the
eighth note.

Precisely! Isnt it simple and easy? Yes sir!

E. Evaluation
Teachers activity Students activity

Okay so now I will show some slides and I

want everyone to participate and answer Yes sir!
them. Is that alright?

It is possible to have multiple answers in

each item. You can answer with either a
note or a rest or both. When you want to
answer, come to the board and draw your
answer.

On the first part, you will need to complete

the measure by supplying notes or rests.

(Teacher shows slides.)

(1st slide) (Possible answers: 1 half note/rest; 2

quarter notes/rests; 1 quarter note and 1
quarter rest)

(2nd slide) (Possible answers: 1 half note/rest; 2

quarter notes/rests; 1 quarter note and 1
quarter rest)

(3rd slide) (Possible answers: 1 eighth note/rest. 1

half note/rest, and 1 quarter note/rest)

(4th slide) (Possible answers: 1 quarter note/rest; 2

eighth notes/rests)

(5th slide) (Possible answers: 1 half note/rest; 2

quarter notes/rests)

(6th slide) (Possible answers: 1 eighth note/rest and 1

quarter note/rest; 3 eighth notes/rests)

Very good! Lets now move to the second

part. For this, you just need to identify the Yes Sir!
time signature. You can stay seated and
just tell me your answer. Are you ready?
 (1st slide) 4/4

(2nd slide) 3/4

(3rd slide) 2/4

(4th slide) 4/4

Nicely done! Now for the last part, you

need to sum up the value of the notes/rests (Yes Sir.)
or supply missing notes/rests to come up
with thegiven sum. Do you guys
understand?

(1st slide) 3

(2nd slide) Eighth note/rest

(3rd slide) 5

(4th slide) Eighth note/rest

(5th slide) 6

(6th slide) Whole note/rest

(7th slide) Half note/rest and eighth note/rest

You did a really great job guys! Thats all

of it. Now I expect that youll be able to
apply what youve learned today to our
future lessons.

F. Closing
Teachers activity Students activity

Please stay updated on our Facebook

group for announcements. Thank you for
actively participating in our class today. I (Students arrange the chairs before leaving
hope to see all of you on our next class. the classroom.)
Please arrange the chairs before you leave.
You are now dismissed. Goodbye class. Goodbye Sir!