MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Sodium Hydroxide
Date of Issue: September 21,2006

IDENTIFICATION SECTION

Product Name Sodium Hydroxide

Product Code Dangerous Goods
Dangerous Goods Class 8
Subsidiary Risk None allocated
Hazchem Code 2x
Poison Schedule S6
Usage Common Caustic Solution
Appearance White, deliquescent, odorless pellets
Boiling Point and Melting Point 1338 and 318OC respectively
Vapor Pressure O
Specific Gravity 2.1
Flash Point Not Applicable
Flammability Limits Not determined
Solubility in water 1111 g/L @ 200C

HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION

Acute Will cause severe irritation and chemical burns to the gastrointestinal tract.
Swallowed Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea
Eye Can cause permanent eye damage and blindness. Severe pain and tearing.
Skin Will cause severe irritation and chemical burns in contact with the skin, which
can result in tissue destruction.
Inhaled Dust and mists will cause severe irritation and chemical burns to the
respiratory tract.

First Aid
Swallowed Do not induce vomiting. Immediately wash out mouth with water and then give
plenty of water to drink. Seek immediate medical attention.
Eye Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for approximately 20 minutes
holding eyelid open. Call a doctor immediately
Skin Remove all contaminated clothing. Wash gently and thoroughly with water for
15 minutes. Ensure contaminated clothing is washed before re-use or discard. If
contact is more than of minor nature, seek medical attention.
Inhaled Remove the source of contamination or move the victim to fresh air. Ensure
airways are clear and have a qualified person give oxygen through a face mask
 if breathing is difficult. If victim has stopped breathing begin artificial
respiration, or if heart has stopped, cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
First Aid Safety showers, eye wash and normal washroom facilities.
Facilities
Advice to Corrosive. May cause stricture. If lavage is performed, endotraceal and/or
Doctor esophagoscopic control is suggested. Material is strong alkali. If skin burns are
present, treat as any thermal burn after decontamination. Eye irrigation may be
necessary for extended period of time to remove as much alkali as possible.
Duration of irrigation and treatment is at the discretion of attending medical
personnel. No specific antidote. Supportive care suggested. Treatment based on
judgement of attending physician and reaction of patient.

PRECAUTIONS FOR USE

Exposure TWA 2mg/m3 . Permissible exposure limit (PEL) 2mg/m3
Standards
Engineering Where dust is generated the use of a mechanical exhaust ventilation system
Controls is recommended
Personal Protection of hands: the use of Nitrile or Neoprene gloves is recommended.
Protection Eye protection: The use of face shields, chemical goggles or safety glasses
with side shield protection complying with AS/NZS 1337 is recommended.
Body The use of plastic apron, sleeves overalls and rubber boots is recommended.
protection: Where ventilation is inadequate the use of a Class P1 or P2 respirator
complying with AS/NZS 1715 and 1716 is recommended.

Flammability: Not flammable under conditions of use.

SAFE HANDLING INFORMATION

Storage and Requirements to be met by storerooms and containers: Provide alkali-

Transport resistant floor. Unsuitable material for container: aluminium, zinc, tin, lead,
glass. Do not store together with acids, oxidisers and chlorinated organic
compounds. This product is hydroscopic. Protect from humidity and keep
away from water. Protect for carbon dioxide. Store upright in cool, dry well
ventilated area in well sealed containers. Remove closure carefully to
release possible internal pressure. UN1823 Hazard group: 8 Packaging
group: II Correct shipping name: Sodium hydroxide, solid. This material is
a Class 8 Corrosive Substance according to the Australian Code for the
Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road and Rail. Class 8 Corrosive
Substances are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following:
Class 1, Explosives. Page 3 of 3 Sodium Hydroxide Class 4.3, Dangerous
when wet substances. Class 5.1, Oxidising agents and Class 5.2, Organic
peroxides. Class 6, Toxic substances (where the toxic substances are
cyanides and the corrosives are acids). Class 7, Radioactive substances.
 Class 8 substances are incompatible with food and food packaging in any
quantity.

Spills and Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away. Do not allow
Disposal to enter drainage system, surface or ground water. Do not allow to enter the
ground/soil. Sweep or vacuum material avoiding dust generation. Ensure
adequate ventilation. Dispose of contaminated material as waste. Must not
be disposed of together with household garbage. Do not allow product to
reach sewage system. Dispose in accordance with local, state and federal
EPA waste regulations. Neutralisation is the preferred method of disposal.
Fire/Explosion Solutions may react with aluminium and other soft metals to generate
Hazard hydrogen which is flammable and/or explosive if ignited. Suitable
extinguishing agents: Carbon dioxide; fire-extinguishing powder; dry sand;
cement. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Wear full protective suit.
Hazardous Reaction Heat generated upon dilution with water. Dilute only
by adding to water with agitation. Do not add water to sodium hydroxide.

Hydrochloric Acid
OTHER INFORMATION

Incompatibilities Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids, organic
(Materials to avoid) materials, aluminum, tin, zinc and nitro compounds. Absorbs CO2
from air. Can react with moisture from air.
Animal Toxicity Data Skin (rabbit): severe irritation 500mg/24H. Eyes (rabbit): severe
irritation 1mg/30sec rinse.

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

Product Name Hydrochloric Acid, 31 36.7%

Identified Uses acid etching, steel pickling, oil and gas, ore and mineral, food processing,
pharmaceutical, organic chemical synthesis.

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Hazard Statements May be corrosive to metals.

Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Causes serious eye damage.
May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary Keep only in original container.
Statements Avoid breathing dust/ fume/ mist/ vapors/ spray.
Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
Wear protective gloves/ protective clothing/ eye protection/ face
protection.
If swallowed Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.

Skin or hair Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated

clothing. Rinse skin with water. Shower
Inhaled Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position
comfortable for breathing. Immediately call a POISON CENTER or
doctor/ physician.
Eyes Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if
present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Immediately call a POISON
CENTER or doctor/ physician.
Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Absorb spillage to prevent
material damage.
Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container with a resistant inner
liner.
Store locked up. Store in corrosive resistant stainless steel container with
a resistant inner liner. Dispose of contents/ container to an approved waste
disposal plant.

COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Chemical Name Hydrochloric Acid

Other names Muriatic acid, Chlorohydric acid, Hydrogen
Chloride
C.A.S 7647-01-0
EC 231-595-7
WHMIS D2A, E
Chemical Formula HCl
Chemical Family Inorganic acid

FIRST AID MEASURES

Description of Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in
first aid attendance.
measures:
If breathed in move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give humidified air. Give oxygen, but only by a
certified physician. Consult a physician.
In case of skin Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while
contact removing contaminated clothing
and shoes. Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a
contact physician. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue
rinsing eyes during transport to medical facility.
If swallowed Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. If vomiting
occurs, keep head low so that stomach content doesn't get into the lungs.
Consult a physician.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Flash Point (Method Non-combustible
Extinguishing Media Use extinguishing agents compatible with acid and appropriate for the
burning material. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool.
Auto Ignition Temp Non-combustible.
Special Fire Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. In
Fighting Procedures case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes. Use standard
firefighting procedures and consider the hazards of other involved
materials.
Unusual Releases flammable hydrogen gas when reacting with metals.
Fire/Explosion
Hazards

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Environmental Use closed systems when possible. Provide local exhaust ventilation
Precautions where vapor or mist may be
generated. Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the
ground.
Containment and Follow preplanned emergency procedures. Only properly equipped,
Cleaning trained, functional personnel
should attempt to contain a leak. All other personnel should be
evacuated from the danger area.
Using full protective equipment, apply appropriate emergency device
or other securement
technology to stop the leak if possible.
Small Spill Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material
and place
in an appropriate waste disposal container. If necessary: neutralize
the residue
with a dilute solution of sodium carbonate.
Large Spill Corrosive liquid. Stop leak if without risk. Do not touch spilled
material. Use
 water spray curtain to knock down vapor drift. Prevent entry into
sewers,
basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on
disposal.
Neutralize the residue with a dilute solution of sodium carbonate. Be
careful
that vapor is not present at a concentration level above TLV.

HANDLING AND Precautions to be taken for handling and storage: Wear appropriate
STORAGE personal protective equipment. Do not get in eyes, on skin, on clothing.
Do not breathe mist or vapor. Observe good industrial hygiene practices.
Do not empty into drains. Use caution when combining with water; DO
NOT add water to acid, ALWAYS add acid to water while stirring to
prevent release of heat, steam and fumes. Store in a well-ventilated
place. Store away from incompatible materials. Store closed containers
in a clean, cool, open or well ventilated area. Keep out of sun.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance Colorless to light yellow liquid

Odor Pungent (irritating/strong)
Odor Threshold 0.3ppm (can cause olfactory fatigue)
Melting point/freezing point -30C (-22F)
Initial boiling point >100C (>212F)
Flash point Not applicable
Auto-ignition Temperature Not Applicable
Decomposition temperature No data available
Evaporation Rate No data available
Flammability Not combustible
Upper/lower flammability or explosive Not combustible
Water Solubility 100%
Molecular weight 36.46
Relative Density 1.16(32%HCl Solution)
Bulk Density 8.75 lbs/gal (32% HCl Solution)
Vapor Density(air=1) 1.267 at 20oC
Vapor pressure 84 mm Hg @ 20oC
Partition Coefficient No data available

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Stability Hydrochloric acid is stable under normal conditions and
pressures.
Conditions to avoid Incompatible materials, metals, excess heat, bases.
Incompatibility Bases, amines, metals, permanganates, (e.g. potassium
permanganate), fluorine, metal acetylides, hexalithium
disilicide.
Hazardous decomposition Hydrogen chloride, chlorine, hydrogen gas.
products
Polymerization Hazardous polymerization WILL NOT occur.

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Ecotoxicity Because of the low pH of this product, it would be expected produce
significant ecotoxicity upon exposure to aquatic organisms and aquatic
systems.
Aquatic Toxicity This material is toxic to fish and aquatic organisms. Most aquatic species do
not tolerate pH lower than 5.5 for any extended period.
Fish Toxicity Fish LC50 Mosquito fish: 282 mg/l, 96 hours, Fish LC50 Bluegill: 3.6 mg/l,
48 hours
Persistence and Not biodegradable. Hydrochloric acid will likely be neutralized to chloride by
degradability alkalinity present in natural environment
Bio-accumulative No data available
Potential
Mobility in soil Hydrochloric acid will be neutralized by naturally occurring alkalinity. The
acid will permeate soil, dissolving some soil material and will then neutralize.
Other adverse No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion,
effects: photochemical ozone creation

DISPOSAL Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at a properly

CONSIDERATIONS licensed waste disposal site. This material, if not neutralized, must
be disposed of as hazardous waste. Do not allow this material to
drain into sewers/water supplies. Do not contaminate ponds,
waterways or ditches with chemical or used container. Dispose of
contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national or
international regulations.

TRANSPORT INFORMATION
Usual Shipping Containers Tank cars, bulk tankers.
Usual Shelf Life Indefinite (life of containers).
Storage/Transport Temperatures Ambient
Suitable Storage Materials/Coatings: Teflon, Tygon, Rubber,
PVC and polypropylene materials.
Labeling: Corrosive
D.O.T. Identification Number UN 1789
D.O.T. Shipping Name Hydrochloric Acid
Hazard Class 8