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Departamento Acadmico de Matemtica
Turma: Cdigo: Geometria Analtica e
Professora: Angelita Minetto Arajo
S53 MA71B lgebra Linear
i. u, v V, ( + ) = () + ()
ii. , T ( u) = T (u)
Sejam = (1 , 1 ) e = (2 , 2 )
+ = (1 + 2 , 1 + 2 ) ...
(1 ) = 1 + 2
{(2 ) = 1 + 2
(3 ) = 1 + 2
[] = ( )
Relembrando:
A ordem da matriz ser 2 x 3.
R3
R2
(x,
(x+y, y+z)
y,
z)
Bases do R3 = B Bases do R2 = C
u1 = (1, 0, 0) v1 = (1, 0)
u2 = (0, 1, 0) v2 = (1, 1)
u3 = (0, 0, 1)
F(u1) = F ( 1, 0, 0)
F(u2) = F ( 0, 1, 0)
F(u3) = F ( 0, 0, 1)
1=+
{
0=
1=+
{
1=
0=+
{
1=
Logo, a = 1; b = 0; c = 0; d = 1; e = - 1; f=1
1 0 1
Portanto, [] = ( ) = ( )
0 1 1
Matrizes invertveis:
Primeiro temos que achar a matriz inversa.
, mas para isso 0
[ 1 ]
Depois encontrar a transformao da inversa:
T-1 (x, y)can = T(v1) + T (v2)
Imagem: Im(f)
F(x, y, z) = (x + 2 y z, y + 2 z, x + 3 y + z)
F(x, y, z) = x (1, 0, 1) + y (2, 1, 3) + z (- 1, 2, 1)
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
2: 2 21
[ 2 1 3] { 3: 3 + 1 [0 1 1] {3: 3 22 [0 1 1]
1 2 1 0 2 2 0 0 0
Base para a Im (F) = {(1, 0, 1), (0, 1, 1)} e dim Im (F)= 2
Teorema do Ncleo e da Imagem:
dim F = dim Im(F) + dim N(F)
dim F = 2 + 1
dim F = 3
i. 0
(, ) = (0, 0)
(0, 0) = (0, 1)
Logo, 0
ii. u, v V, ( + ) = () + ()
Sejam = (1 , 1 ) e = (2 , 2 )
+ = (1 + 2 , 1 + 2 )
( + ) = (1 + 2 + 1 + 2 , 1 + 2 1 2 + 1)
() + () = (1 + 1 , 1 1 + 1) + (2 + 2 , 2 2 + 1)
() + () = (1 + 2 + 1 + 2 , 1 + 2 1 2 + 2)
( + ) () + ()
iii. , T ( u) = T (u)
No necessrio conferir, uma vez que a primeira condio j falhou.
R: No linear, pois ( + ) () + ()
i. 0
(, ) = (0, 0)
(0, 0) = (0, 0)
Logo, 0
ii. u, v V, ( + ) = () + ()
Sejam = (1 , 1 ) e = (2 , 2 )
+ = (1 + 2 , 1 + 2 )
( + ) = [2(1 + 2 ) ( 1 + 2 ) , 0]
( + ) = (21 + 22 1 2 , 0)
() + () = (21 1 , 0) + (22 2 , 0)
() + () = (21 + 2 2 1 2 , 0)
( + ) = () + ()
iii. , T ( u) = T (u)
= (1 , 1 )
() = (21 1 , 0 )
() = (21 1 , 0)
() = (21 1 , 0)
c. T: 32 , T(x, y, z) = (x 1, y + z)
i. 0
(, , ) = (0 1, 0 + 0)
(0, 0,0) = (1, 0)
Logo, 0
ii. u, v V, ( + ) = () + ()
2. Dada transformao linear T: R 3 R 2 , tal que: (1,0,1) = (1, 2); (1,1,0) = (1, 2) e
(2, 1,1) = (2, 2), encontre a regra desta transformao T(x, y, z).
(1, 1) = (1, 1, 1)
(0, 2) = (1, 1, 2)
Explicitar (x , y) em funo de e :
(, ) = (1, 1) + (0, 2)
= +
{ = + 2 = + 2 = 2
Logo,
+
(, ) = (1, 1) + ( ) . (0, 2)
2
Assim,
(, ) = ()1 + ()2
+
(, ) = (1, 1, 1) + ( ) (1, 1, 2)
2
(, ) = (, , ) + ( , , + )
2 2
+ 2 + 2
(, ) = ( , , + + )
2 2
+ +
(, ) = ( , , + 2)
2 2
: (, ) = ( , , 2 + )
2 2
4. Seja = [ (2, 1, 1, 0), (1, 0, 1, 2), (0, 1, 1, 4)] 4 , encontre uma base para o espao
vetorial e determine a dimenso.
2 1 1 0 1 0 1 2
[1 0 1 2] {1 2 [2 1 1 0]
0 1 1 4 0 1 1 4
1 0 1 2 1 0 1 2
[2 1 1 0] {2 = 2 21 [0 1 1 4]
0 1 1 4 0 1 1 4
1 0 1 2 1 0 1 2
[0 1 1 4] {3 = 3 + 2 [0 1 1 4]
0 1 1 4 0 0 0 0
1 2 2 1 3
[1 2 3 1 1]
3 6 8 1 5
...
. : 3 2 , (, , ) = ( + 2, , + 2)
. : 2 2 , (, ) = ( + , + )
. : 3 2 , (, , ) = ( + , + )
e. : 3 3 , (, , ) = ( + , , )
f. : 3 2 , (, , ) = ( + 2, )
Logo, (, ) = 1 + 2
(, ) = (3, 2, 1) + ( ) (2, 1, 3)
2
(, ) = (3, 2, 1) + ( ) (2, 1, 3)
2
(, ) = (3 2 ( ) , 2 + ( ), + 3( ))
2 2 2
4 + 3 3
(, ) = (3 + , , + ( ))
2 2
5 2 + 3 3
(, ) = (2 + , , )
2 2
5 5 3
(, ) = (2 + , , )
2 2
: (, ) = ( , )
1 3 2
Portanto, M = [0 1 4]
0 0 1
Para obter a matriz inversa por escalonamento devemos:
1 3 2 | 1 0 0
[0 1 4 | 0 1 0]
0 0 1 | 0 0 1
Portanto,
1 (1, 0, 0) =
1 (0, 1, 0) =
1 (0, 0, 1) =
Assim,
: 1 (, , ) = ( + 3 + 14, + 4, )
. (, , ) = ( + , , )
+
: 1 (, , ) = ( , , )
2 2
. (, , ) = (2, 4 , 2 + 3 )
: 1 (, , ) = (2 , 2 , 7 3 )