Protocolos de la Arquitectura

TCP/IP
Capa Red

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1

 TCP/IP Protocol Stack

7 Application

6 Presentation 5
Application
5 Session
4
4 Transport Transport
3
3 Network Internet
2
2 Data Link Data Link
1
1 Physical Physical

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-2

 Application Layer Overview

File Transfer
- TFTP *
- FTP *
- NFS
E-Mail
Application - SMTP
Remote Login
- Telnet *
- rlogin *
Transport Network Management
- SNMP *
Internet Name Management
- DNS*
Data Link

*Used by the router

Physical

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-3

 Transport Layer Overview

Transmission Control Connection-

Application Protocol (TCP) Oriented

Transport User Datagram Connectionless

Protocol (UDP)
Internet

Data Link

Physical

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-4

 Internet Layer Overview

Internet Protocol (IP)

Application
Internet Control Message
Transport Protocol (ICMP)

Internet Address Resolution

Protocol (ARP)
Data Link
Reverse Address
Physical Resolution Protocol (RARP)

OSI network layer corresponds to the

TCP/IP internet layer
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-5
 IP Datagram
Bit
1 0 Bit 15 Bit 16 Bit 31
Version Header Priority & Type
(4) Length (4) Total Length (16)
of Service (8)
Flags
Identification (16) (3) Fragment offset (13)

Time to live (8) Protocol (8) Header checksum (16) 20

Bytes
Source IP Address (32)

Destination IP Address (32)

Options (0 or 32 if any)

Data (varies if any)

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-6

 Protocol Field

Transport
TCP UDP
Layer

6 17 Protocol
Numbers
Internet
Layer IP

Determines destination upper-layer protocol

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-7

 Internet Control Message
Protocol

Application

Transport Destination
1 Unreachable
ICMP
Echo (Ping)
Internet
Other
Data Link

Physical

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-8

 Address Resolution Protocol

I need the
Ethernet
address of
176.16.3.2.

172.16.3.1 172.16.3.2

IP: 172.16.3.2 = ???

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-9

 Address Resolution Protocol

I need the
I heard that broadcast.
Ethernet
The message is for me.
address of
Here is my Ethernet
176.16.3.2.
address.

172.16.3.1 172.16.3.2

IP: 172.16.3.2 = ???

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-10

 Address Resolution Protocol

I need the
I heard that broadcast.
Ethernet
The message is for me.
address of
Here is my Ethernet
176.16.3.2.
address.

172.16.3.1 172.16.3.2

IP: 172.16.3.2 = ???

IP: 172.16.3.2
Ethernet: 0800.0020.1111

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-11

 Address Resolution Protocol

I need the
I heard that broadcast.
Ethernet
The message is for me.
address of
Here is my Ethernet
176.16.3.2.
address.

172.16.3.1 172.16.3.2

IP: 172.16.3.2 = ???

IP: 172.16.3.2
Ethernet: 0800.0020.1111

Map IP MAC
Local ARP
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a8-12