1st exam of the 1st term for 3 rd ESO

Name: Date:
1. Use the following melting and boiling points to complete the sentences with the words solid, liquid
or gas:
Pmelting (chromium)=1857 C Pboiling (chromium)=2672 C
Pmelting (fluorine)=-220 C Pboiling (fluorine)=-188 C
Pmelting (sulphur trioxide)=16.9 C Pboiling (sulphur trioxide)=45 C
Pmelting (potassium)=63 C Pboiling (potassium)=759 C
Pmelting (magnesium)=650 C Pboiling (magnesium)=1090 C
Chromium is in .. state at 1000 C.
Fluorine is in .. state at -200 C.
Sulphur trioxide is in .. state at 90 C.
Potassium is in .... state at 110 C.
Magnesium is in .. state at 500 C.
(0.2 points each answer correct; -0.1 points each answer incorrect)

2. For the following graph:

Say if you are heating the substance or cooling it down.
Say what is happening in each step.
Say the melting and the boiling point of this substance.

(1 point)
3. a) Complete the following sentence:
Vaporization is the change of state from . to .
(0.25 points)
b) What are the two types of vaporization? Explain each one of them. (0.75 points)
4. a) Explain the main characteristics of a substance that is a solid. (1 point)
b) How does the kinetic theory explain the characteristics of solids? (1 point)
5. Change the following units using conversion factors. No points are given if you dont use conversion
factors:
a) 300000 kg mg (0.5 points)
3 3
b) 82700 cm m (0.5 points)
6. Change the following units using conversion factors. No points are given if you dont use conversion
factors:
500 dag/cm3hg/m3 (1 point)
7. A volume of 15 cm of ammonia has a mass of 0.01095 g. Calculate its density in g/cm3 and in kg/m3.
3

(1.5 points)
8. The density of magnesium is 1738 kg/m3. Calculate the mass a cube of magnesium has, if its volume is
700 cm3. (1.5 points)
 1st exam of the 1st term for 3rd ESO (answers)
Name: Date:
1. Use the following melting and boiling points to complete the sentences with the
words solid, liquid or gas:
Pmelting (chromium)=1857 C Pboiling (chromium)=2672 C
Pmelting (fluorine)=-220 C Pboiling (fluorine)=-188 C
Pmelting (sulphur trioxide)=16.9 C Pboiling (sulphur trioxide)=45 C
Pmelting (potassium)=63 C Pboiling (potassium)=759 C
Pmelting (magnesium)=650 C Pboiling (magnesium)=1090 C
Chromium is in solid.. state at 1000 C.
Fluorine is in liquid state at -200 C.
Sulphur trioxide is in gas.. state at 90 C.
Potassium is in liquid... state at 110 C.
Magnesium is in solid. state at 500 C.
(0.2 points each answer correct; -0.1 points each answer incorrect)
2. For the following graph:
Say if you are heating the substance or cooling it down.
Say what is happening in each step.
Say the melting and the boiling point of this substance.

You are cooling down the substance.

The boiling point is 50 C (the same as the condensation point) and the melting point is
20 C (the same as the solidification point).
I: the state is gas.
II: The temperature is constant, so there is a change of state. Change of state from gas
to liquid (condensation).
III: the state is liquid.
IV: The temperature is constant, so there is a change of state. Change of state from
liquid to solid (solidification).
V: the state is solid.
(1 point)
3. a) Complete the following sentence:
Vaporization is the change of state from liquid. to gas.
(0.25 points)
b) What are the two types of vaporization? Explain each one of them. (0.75 points)
Vaporization includes two different processes: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is
a slow process which takes place at any temperature, only on the surface of liquids.
Boiling is a fast process which takes place in all the volume of the liquid and only at the
boiling temperature, specific for each substance.

4. a) Explain the main characteristics of a substance that is a solid. (1 point)

Solids have a fixed shape and a fixed volume. They dilate with temperature and their
density is high. They cant flow through pipes and they are incompressible.
b) How does the kinetic theory explain the characteristics of solids? (1 point)
This theory has several statements:
All matter is made of tiny particles (these tiny particles are either atoms or
molecules) in constant motion.
Their motion increases as they gain energy. Higher temperature implies higher
motion.
These particles are joined by cohesion forces.
Solids are formed by particles which are arranged in a periodic and ordered structure
known as crystal. Each particle is as close to the others as possible and is placed at the
same distance of everyone. As the distance between particles is the shortest, the
attractive interaction is great, so these particles cannot leave its place in the crystal nor
become closer to their neighbours. Thats why solids have a permanent shape and are
incompressible. However, this structure allows the particles to vibrate in different
directions. As temperature increases, this motion becomes faster and the average
distance between particles increases as well. This is the reason of its thermal dilation.
As a solid is heated, it reaches to a point where the average of kinetic energy (the
energy due to the vibration of particles) of its particles equals to the amount of
attractive interactions among them so the particles can leave their own places in the
crystal and move to different locations. This is the moment when the change of state to
liquid is produced.

5. Change the following units using conversion factors. No points are given if you dont
use conversion factors:
a) 300000 kg mg (0.5 points)

b) 82700 cm3m3 (0.5 points)

6. Change the following units using conversion factors. No points are given if you dont
use conversion factors:
500 dag/cm3hg/m3 (1 point)

7. A volume of 15 cm3 of ammonia has a mass of 0.01095 g. Calculate its density in

g/cm3 and in kg/m3 . (1.5 points)

8. The density of magnesium is 1738 kg/m3 . Calculate the mass a cube of magnesium
has, if its volume is 700 cm3. (1.5 points)