March 2012 Vol. 34 No.

Decorative &
Architectural
Concrete
32 Art and Science of Building in Concrete:
The Work of Pier Luigi Nervi
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2 march 2012 Concrete international
MArch 2012 Vol. 34 No. 3

DECORATIVE & ARCHITECTURAL CONCRETE

34 32 Art and Science of Building in Concrete: The Work of
Pier Luigi Nervi
International exhibition and ACI Spring 2012 Convention sessions
are dedicated to this grand master of concrete structures
by Mario A. Chiorino

45 The Textile Block System

An overview of Frank Lloyd Wrights mono-material concepts
for middle-income housing
by Edward Losch

56 The Use of Glass Powder as Supplementary

Cementitious Material
Field trials in slab, wall, and sidewalk concrete mixtures
by Arezki Tagnit-Hamou and Abdelkrim Bengougam

62 2012 AIA Institute Honor Awards

65 HNA Hardscape Project Award Winners

ALSO FEATURING

18 Bridging Theory & Practice

Highlights of the ACI Fall 2011 Convention

41 Concrete Sustainability Forum IV

Essence of concrete sustainability
by Koji Sakai and Julie K. Buffenbarger

69 The New Fellows of ACI

Twenty-eight members will be awarded at the spring convention

82 ASCC Position Statement

Concrete Floor Slabs on Cambered Structural Steel

94 Concrete Q & A
Anchors for Structures in Seismic Regions

50

Concrete international MArch 2012 3


Concrete international
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John C. Glumb, CAE
(John.Glumb@concrete.org)
Editor-in-Chief
Rex C. Donahey, PE, LEED AP
(Rex.Donahey@concrete.org)
engineering editor
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(Agata.Pyc@concrete.org)
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American Concrete Institute
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Tel. (248) 848-3700
Fax. (248) 848-3150
4 MArch 2012 Concrete international
March
57
departments
6 Letters
7 Presidents Memo
10 Educational Seminars
12 On the Move
13 News
77 Products & Practice
80 Products Showcase
Pier Luigi Nervis masterpieces 83 Industry Focus
typically display elegant geometrical
networks, illustrated here by 84 Calls for Papers
patterns from the Palazzo del 86 Public Discussion
Lavoro in Turin, Italy; the small
Sports Palace in Rome, Italy; the 87 Spanish Translation Synopses
Papal Audience Hall in Vatican City;
and St. Marys Cathedral in San
88 Bookshelf
Francisco, CA. For more on 89 Whats New, Whats Coming
the extraordinary talents and
accomplishments of Nervi, as well 90 Meetings
as more detailed images of these and 91 Membership Application
other structures, see p. 32.
92 Bulletin Board
93 Advertisers Index
Copyright 2012 American Concrete Institute. Printed in the United States of America. All correspondence should be directed to the
headquarters office: P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094. Telephone: (248) 848-3700. Facsimile (FAX): (248) 848-3701.
Concrete International (US ISSN 0162-4075) is published monthly by the American Concrete Institute, 38800 Country Club Drive,
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 American Concrete Institute
IN Ci President
Kenneth C. Hover
Board of Direction

Dennis C. Ahal
Directors
Ron Klemencic
Neal S. Anderson David A. Lange
Past President
Emmanuel K. Attiogbe Denis Mitchell
March 2012 Board Members
Khaled W. Awad Jack Moehle
David Darwin
James R. Harris David H. Sanders

I
Luis E. Garca
n this months CI, contributors Florian G. Barth Cecil L. Jones Joseph C. Sanders
Mario A. Chiorino and Edward
Losch individually examine the Vice Presidents Executive Vice President
legacies of two great designers: Pier James K. Wight Anne M. Ellis Ronald Burg
Luigi Nervi and Frank Lloyd Wright.
Although Im aware of no collabora- Technical Activities Educational Activities Certification Programs
Committee Committee Committee
tions between the two, the articles chair chair chair
make it clear that they shared an David A. Lange David M. Suchorski G. Terry Harris
enthusiasm for stay-in-place precast secretary staff liaison staff liaison
concrete formwork. The audacity, Daniel W. Falconer Michael L. Tholen John W. Nehasil
elegance, and beauty of such systems
Sergio M. Alcocer Alejandro Duran-Herrera Khaled W. Awad
are demonstrated well by the mesh of David J. Bird Frances T. Griffith Heather J. Brown
reinforced intersecting ribs in Nervis Chiara F. Ferraris Tarek S. Kahn Mark A. Cheek
Hall C of Turin Exhibition Complex in Ronald J. Janowiak Kimberly E. Kurtis Cesar A. Constantino
Turin, Italy, and the nearly transparent Michael E. Kreger Thomas O. Malerk Jean-Franois Dufour
Kevin A. MacDonald John J. Myers Alejandro Duran-Herrera
colonnade of Wrights Turkel House in Antonio Nanni William D. Palmer Jr. J. Mitchell Englestead
Detroit, MI. The well-illustrated articles Hani H. Nassif Andrea J. Schokker Frances T. Griffith
start on p. 32 and 45, respectively. Jan Olek Lawrence L. Sutter Charles S. Hanskat
Michael M. Sprinkel Lawrence H. Taber Joe Hug
This month marks the end of Ken Pericles C. Stivaros David W. Whitmore Colin L. Lobo
Hovers term as President of ACI, and Eldon Tipping Thomas O. Malerk
he wraps up with yet another inspiring Ed T. McGuire
Presidents Memo (p. 7). Taking a cue William D. Palmer Jr.
John J. Schemmel
from ACI Past President S.C. Hollisters Vinicio Suarez
farewell address delivered over 78 years George R. Wargo
ago, Hover encourages ACI members
ACI Staff
to continue to look to the future.
Executive Vice President: Ronald Burg (Ron.Burg@concrete.org)
Hollister commented on many
Senior Managing Director: John C. Glumb (John.Glumb@concrete.org)
topics in his talk, including his
expectations for future industry Certification and chapters: Professional development:
developments such as high-strength John W. Nehasil, Michael L. Tholen,
Managing Director Managing Director
concrete, but his anticipation of (John.Nehasil@concrete.org) (Mike.Tholen@concrete.org)
Precast units, easy to handle struck
Customer and member support: Sales and membership:
me as precisely relevant to the work of Melinda G. Reynolds, Manager Diane L. Baloh, Director
Nervi and Wright. Hollisters address (Melinda.Reynolds@concrete.org) (Diane.Baloh@concrete.org)
is reprinted in its entirety on pp. 8-9. It Engineering: Strategic Development Council/
serves well as the stay-in-place form to Daniel W. Falconer, Marketing, sales, and
encompass the theme of backsight and Managing Director industry relations:
(Daniel.Falconer@concrete.org) Douglas J. Sordyl,
foresight in Hovers final memo and Managing Director
the recounting of Nervi and Wrights Finance and administration:
(Douglas.Sordyl@concrete.org)
Donna G. Halstead,
landmark achievements. Managing Director Sustainability:
Rex C. Donahey (Donna.Halstead@concrete.org) Kevin P. Mlutkowski, Director
(Kevin.Mlutkowski@concrete.org)
Publishing and event services:
Rene J. Lewis, Director
(Renee.Lewis@concrete.org)

Sustaining Members
See pages 16-17 for a list of ACIs Sustaining Members.
To learn more about our sustaining members, go to the ACI Web site at
www.concrete.org/members/mem_sustaining.htm.

Concrete international MArch 2012 5

Letters
The Floor Flatness Report
While we applaud the effort to make CI readers aware of
the contents of floor flatness reports, we are concerned
about a number of issues in The Floor Flatness Report
from the January 2011 CI (V. 33, No. 1, pp. 35-39). The
article may cause some building owners and others interested
in floors meeting flatness and levelness tolerances to have
unreasonable or misguided expectations regarding reported
floor flatness and levelness results.
Some statements included in the article therefore require
correction or clarification.
Quoting from p. 37 on taking measurements with a
Dipstick floor profiler or equivalent:
Minimum sampling requirements are discussed in
ACI 117.
In fact, the requirements for the minimum number of
10 ft elevation difference readings per the test section, Nmin,
are discussed in Section 7.6 of ASTM E1155, Standard Test
Method for Determining FF Floor Flatness and FL Floor
Levelness Numbers. ACI 117, Specification for Tolerances
for Concrete Construction and Materials (ACI 117-10) and
Commentary, provides only minimum sampling require-
ments for the manual straightedge method (Section 4.8.6.2).
Also quoting from p. 37:
When reviewing a report, you should first verify that
the overall FF and FL values meet the specified require-
ments. For example, suppose your project specification calls
for a minimum FF of 25 and a minimum FL of 20. The
corresponding minimum local values are typically 60% of
these values, or 15.0 and 12.0, respectively; these should be
spelled out in the specification. Looking at the example
data in Table 2, you can see that the overall flatness and
levelness requirements have been met.
The inclusion of the word minimum in the second
sentence is problematic. Minimum FF and minimum FL
could be confused with minimum local values for flatness
(MLFF) and levelness (MLFL) as described in ACI 117,
Section 4.8.5.3, so better wording would have been:
suppose your project specification calls for a specified
overall value for flatness (SOFF) of 25 and a specified
overall value for levelness (SOFL) of 20. The corresponding
minimum local values for flatness (MLFF) and levelness
(MLFL) are typically 60% of these values, or 15.0 and 12.0,
respectively.
A similar issue occurs on p. 38:
If the overall FF and FL values exceed the minimum
specified requirements and the minimum local values have
not been violated, there is no need for remediation.
This should be phrased as, If the overall FF and FL values
meet or exceed the specified overall values and the minimum
local values have not been violated, on any minimum local
6 march 2012 Concrete international
areas, there is no need for remediation.
In terms of setting unreasonable expectations, the
following statement from p. 38 is the most questionable:
However, ifas in the examplethe overall values
meet the specification and the minimum local values dont,
the surface will need remediation in the areas where the
minimum local values were out of spec. Additional testing
will be required to determine the entire area for remediation.
This statement is true if minimum local values are not
met in a local tested area or areas. Unfortunately, the cited
example provides only data from a single run, not a complete
test section (minimum local area). Thus, the reader is led to
believe that a single run with results below the minimum
local value requires remediation for violating the minimum
local tolerance value. This is not true.
An individual run can be used solely as datanothing
more. The data might indicate a possibility of an issue with
flatness and/or levelness in an area around a particular run,
but the data cannot be compared against a specified value.
As ACI 117, Commentary Section R4.8.5.3, states, Acceptance
or rejection of a minimum local area requires that data
collection within the minimum local area in question meet
the requirements of ASTM E1155. ASTM E1155, Section 7.2.1,
specifies that no test section shall measure less than 8 ft on
a side, nor comprise an area less than 320 ft2. Because a
single test run represents data from a line (not an area), the
data in the example cannot be compared against specified
MLFF and/or MLFL values.
More information on why one sample measurement line
of flatness/levelness cannot be used as a means for rejecting
a floor is provided in the July 2008 Concrete Q&A
(Rejecting Floors Based on One Sample Measurement
Line, Concrete International, V. 30, No. 7, pp. 83-84).
Darrell L. Darrow, Allflat Consulting, Norfolk, VA
Bryan M. Birdwell, Birdwell and Associates, Lakeland, FL
Editor and authors response
The writers comments are appreciated. We agree that
minimum sampling requirements are not discussed in
ACI 117 and the reference should have been to ASTM
E1155. The use of the word minimum when referring to
specified overall values (SOF), albeit possibly considered
problematic, is a correct term in the sense that the SOF is
the lowest value tolerable by the specifier. The error on p.
38 was the result of an unfortunate attempt by the Editor to
get more value out of a table. A single test run cant be
compared against an SOF, so the clause, as in the example,
should not have been included in the discussion.
Rex C. Donahey, American Concrete Institute, Farmington
Hills, MI
Mark A. Cheek, Beta Testing & Inspection LLC, Gretna, LA
Presidents
Memo
Surveying the Future: Backsights and Foresights
M
y route to the
construction
industry began with
a Surveying Merit Badge. A
few years later, I was running
surveys and I loved every
minute, including the long,
cold day I shot wet-screed
elevations for a young Dan
Baker, who was running the
crew with the story pole in
one hand and a float in the
Kenneth C. Hover, other. I learned that when
ACI President transferring levels from the
known elevation behind you to establish a new reference
ahead, you need to balance the backsight and the foresight.
To minimize error, you have to look back about as far as
you want to look aheadan important lesson for this, my
last Presidents Memo.
Coming onto the Executive Committee, I was blessed with
a dynamic and discerning Board of Direction, the wisdom and
depth of Luis Garca, the strategic instincts and vision of
Florian Barth, and the incredible energy, enthusiasm, and
creativity of Dick Stehly. I was likewise blessed with dedicated
staff members who learned the ropes under Bill Tolley. Those
folks and their predecessors gave sustainability a home in ACI
and a home in the concrete industry through the Concrete
Joint Sustainability Initiative. They also welcomed or
expanded the scope of more new technical, educational,
certification, and board committees than I can list here.
Looking forward, Jim Wight is 100% ready to assume the
role of President and is following Terry Hollands advice to
hit the ground running. Anne Ellis is primed to become
our Senior Vice President (VP) and is actively leading
reviews of our strategic plan and how we communicate
with each other and the world. We are excited to bring Bill
Rushings experience, enthusiasm, and deep fiscal
understanding of the Institute to the position of VP. And
Ron Burg has come up to speed and effectiveness incredibly
fast as our no longer new Executive VP.
Over the next few years, this new Executive Committee
will see continued development in sustainability, be part of
the fresh new look in ACIs educational activities, experience
the new member-requested convention format, sharpen
focus on our chapters, and witness the launch of the exciting
new 318 Code format. This inspired new leadership also will
be finding ways to more fully integrate international and
domestic activities to accurately reflect our truly global
industry, whereas United Airlines puts itthe word
foreign is losing its meaning.
To look further into our future, lets reference ACI
President S.C. Hollisters farewell speech as a benchmark from
our past (delivered almost 80 years ago and reprinted on the
following pages). Hollister imagined the consequences of
boosting compressive strength from 3000 to 10,000 psi
(made possible by imagining admixtures). He predicted:
Smaller columns, thinner and lighter beams and slabs would
at once result. Precast units, easy to handle, would be available.
The present limiting heights of buildings, of spans of bridges,
would at least double. A new basis of design, new codes and
specifications, would be required. Wow! Hollister was right on
target! But he also warned against growing so accustomed to
the surrounding conditions that they are accepted as a sort of
status not subject to review.
Here in the present, I believe that todays concrete
industry can pretty much do anything that is asked of it. We
can provide strength, stiffness, durability, resistance to
cracking, and resiliency; and we can do it sustainably, pretty
much on any site, anywhere in the world as long as someone
is willing to pay for it. My vision of the near future is that we
can do this more reliably, more repeatedly, and on demand
any time those demands are communicated clearly and with
precision. I see us increasing our ability to manage the
variability of our materials, decreasing the variability in
construction processes and testing, and increasing our
tolerance for variable weather. I see us reliably, confidently,
and profitably serving discriminating owners, while
providing a fully satisfactory product to those whose needs
are less demanding. As the boy in The Sixth Sense would say,
I see smaller standard deviations.
But as deeply honored as I have been to serve as your
President, your individual and collective visions of the future
are far more important than mine. The industry and the
Institute will go where you take us. That is why Im so excited
when I visit chapters that are talking about new developments,
and when I stop by committees that always carve out time in
their document development agendas to present and discuss
new ideas. Im convinced that the Next Big Thing to
influence the concrete industry for the better is already out
there in the minds and imaginations of many of you!
Thank you for the honor of serving as your President.
Kenneth C. Hover
Concrete international March 2012 7
Presidents Address by S.C. Hollister*
It is fitting that a periodic account
of stocks be taken concerning the state
of the Institute. I choose to view the
state of the Institute this evening at
this 29th anniversary of its founding
not in the traditional light of receipts
and disbursements, assets, liabilities,
and surplus if any; but rather in the
broader view of the Institutes work in
relation to the field which it serves. Hollister
From a strictly business point of view, it is pleasing to
report to you that the Institute is in good health due in part
to the far-seeing policies of your former officers to provide
for an eventual rainy day and in part to the successful
efforts of the present officers in conserving that cushion of
protection against insolvency and obliteration in these
trying times. The Institute has ridden the storm and has
proven herself a sturdy ship. To the whole crew, to each of
the membership, goes a measure of credit for his loyalty in
this achievement. But perhaps to no single individual goes
as much credit for this achievement as should rightfully go
to your Secretary-Treasurer, Harvey Whipple, and to him I
pay sincere and humble tribute. And so the Institute can
and will go on to the service that lies ahead.
But my special theme this evening lies in the answer to a
challenging comment passed to me not long ago. Have we
not at hand essential rules for the proportioning of concrete
to obtain strength, durability, water-tightness? Have we not
elaborate equipment, many specifications, and codes by
which to construct concrete work? What need for
additional data and what data to add? In short, has not the
field been served and has not the Institute shot its bolt?
One may grow so accustomed to the surrounding
conditions that they are accepted as a sort of status not
subject to review. An automobile is ordinary when it is a
daily necessity; but todays automobile would have been an
unquestioned marvel twenty or even ten years ago. The
achievement of today was the goal of yesterday. It cannot be
the goal for tomorrow. Great as have been the achievements
in the field of concrete today, they are only the dreams of
yesterday come true.
If the function of the Institute has been fulfilled, it is
because the realization of dreams is accomplished and
because the realm of dreams has been wrung dry. If there is
a field for the Institute, it is because there still exist dreams
of accomplishmentdevelopments not yet realized.
Presented by the retiring President, Prof. S.C. Hollister, at the Institutes 30th Annual Dinner, Toronto, February 21, 1934.
*
8 March 2012 Concrete international
Is the realm of dreams for the Institute really barren? In
answer, who is there who would say that in any single major
phase of the field we have reached what ten or twenty years
hence, we will expect to see as established practice?
But let us be more specific. Judging by the development
of the last twenty years, what do we think the cement of
twenty years hence will be like? What will be the currently
available concrete strength and what the construction
methods? In this frame of mind, I have dared to review even
the most complacently accepted practices of today and to
ask: What reasonably possible developments may be made
in the next twenty or ten years?
There are many indications as disclosed by reports to
this Institute that a number of interesting developments are
possible in the basic product, cement. This is quite aside
from the question whether one cement or several cements
will be available. Surely a majority of concrete structures
may be built of a standard cement in any case. But will it
approach in character the present standard portland, or
high early strength, or low heat, or still something else?
Admittedly this is not so much a question to be solved by
the Institute as it is a basis to which concrete work is to
be adjusted.
And what of concrete mixtures? Abrams has made
mortar cylinders with the strength of steel. Moreover, they
behaved in accordance with the water-cement ratio law. To
obtain this phenomenal result, he had to use pressure to
cause the minute amount of water to be dispersed
throughout the cement. What a challenge this has offered!
If this dispersion could be accomplished in other ways, or if
only a part of this added strength is made available by easily
applied methods, a new era in concrete is born. Imagine,
for example, the concrete with an available strength of
10,000 psi. Smaller columns, thinner and lighter beams and
slabs would at once result. Precast units, easy to handle,
would be available. The present limiting heights of buildings,
of spans of bridges, would be at least double. A new basis of
design, new codes, and specifications would be required.
Perhaps it may seem to some that these are idle dreams,
but let us see whether there is any tangible basis for
thinking there is a possibility of moving on from our
presently current strength to those of Abrams cylinders of
the strength of steel.
Present methods in use by Earley in the construction of
the Bahai Temple permit them to place their units
weighing 3 tons or more and to lift them out and turn
them over in 18 hours after filling the mold. And this with
portland cement, not with excessively rich mixtures but
with much of the excess water removed after placing but
before the setting of the cement. It is interesting to speculate
on the effect upon concrete design and construction
methods such a development would produce in the
ordinary concrete field.
Talbot and Richart have contributed valuable
information on the physics of wet mortar. This field of
enquiry is a fertile one and will likely yield further
developments. Who may say, for example, whether it is
possible to achieve mobility or workability with an agent
other than water thus using only enough water for the
hydration of the cement.
In the realm of mass concrete, we have a great deal to
learn. Not only must there be much improvement in the
understanding of the mechanics of large concrete units, but
we must know more of the thermal and shrinkage stresses,
and their relation to the chemical and physical changes
transpiring. And to cap these effects, we must determine
more accurately the aggravating or mollifying effect of
plastic flow.
We have by no means exhausted the possibilities in the
development of mixing and placing equipment. Even now
harsher, stronger mixtures are producible and placeable
where in late years they would not have been considered
feasible. Extracting the water from the wet mass has been
known to be beneficialin fact, Earley has used this
principle for many years; but we have not as yet brought
about the practice in general construction.
As new methods of experimentation become available,
much remains to be developed in the mechanics of
reinforced concrete members. A review of the beam theory,
especially at a cracked section, and after considerable plastic
flow, will yield many useful data. A study of bond strength
and of anchorages will lead to a better design procedure. The
work of Davis, McMillan, and others on plastic flow will give
new color to the mechanics of reinforced concrete design.
The manner in which shrinkage stresses relate to our
accepted design procedure has not been fully determined.
A great deal of work is necessary for a better
understanding of the mechanical behavior of many forms
of commonly used members. This is especially true of the
interaction of members of an assembly. For example, in arch
bridge design there are at present proponents of both the
articulated deck and the monolithic deck. Abroad there are
many developments in bridge design and construction that
The achievement of today was
the goal of yesterday. It cannot
be the goal for tomorrow. Great
as have been the achievements
in the field of concrete today,
they are only the dreams of
yesterday come true.
have not as yet been used here, notably the thin flexible
arch with rigid deck frame and arches with hinges.
Many developments in structural form are to be seen in
Europe. These may in many cases prove of use on this side
of the Atlantic. To the ingenuity of the adaptation of
structural form in concrete there is no end.
Valuable investigations by McMillan, Young, Viens,
Lindau, and others, upon the factors influencing durability
of concrete structures have from time to time been reported
to the Institute. This work will, of necessity, go on for many
years to come before we may be fully satisfied that the
subject has been adequately covered.
In review then, we see the many varied and intriguing
avenues of development that present themselves both for the
immediate and the long-time programs of action. We have
not touched yet upon the products field. Little mention has
been made, except by implication of questions relating to
aggregates to curing methods and the interesting likelihood
is that no sooner will we have caught up with one branch of
our varied subject than the basic substance, concrete, or its
parent, cement, will have moved to new levels.
Surely then, the work of this Institute is not at all done.
Each year sees new accomplishments and with them, new
objectives appear. Thus, the Institute is but the embodiment
of a moving force of progress. It cannot be static. It can
never overtake its goal.
Originally published in the ACI JOURNAL, Proceedings V. 30, No. 3,
Mar. 1934, pp. 247-250.
Concrete international March 2012 9
 2012 ACI
Educational
Seminars
seminars at-a-glance
For more information on ACI seminars,
visit www.concreteseminars.com
ACI/PCA 318-11 Building Code
One-day seminar for structural engineers, specifiers, building
officials, contractors, architects, and inspectors interested
in keeping up with the latest information in concrete design
and construction. The American Concrete Institute (ACI) has
just published the latest edition of ACI 318, Building Code
Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary. This
seminar, which is cosponsored by ACI and the Portland Cement
Association (PCA), will cover all the major changes in this
new edition of the Code. A major portion of the revisions
are related to the addition of adhesive anchors in ACI 318
for the first time. In addition to the new anchor design
requirements, the seminar will cover adhesive anchor
evaluation requirements and new provisions requiring
certification of the anchor installer under certain circumstances.
Changes to reinforcing steel detailing requirements,
allowable grades, and coating types will also be covered.
Important topics, such as detailing for structural integrity
and designing using the latest in strut-and-tie modeling, will
be presented and discussed.
Troubleshooting Concrete Construction
One-day seminar for contractors, design engineers, specifiers,
government agencies, and material suppliers. This seminar
will provide attendees with solutions to problems with
concrete. The seminar will cover placing reinforcement,
preventing most cracks, making functional construction
joints, vibrating concrete properly, detecting delaminations,
and identifying causes of deteriorating concrete. Complimentary
Continuing Education Credit
Seminar attendees will receive 0.75 Continuing Education Units (CEUs) worth 7.5 Professional Development Hours (PDHs) for each day of
the seminar. Professional engineers can convert CEUs to PDHs to fulfill their continuing education requirements. ACI is a Registered
Provider with the American Institute of Architects and several state licensing boards.
publications include: ACI 301, ACI 302.1R, ACI 303R, ACI
303.1, ACI 308R, ACI 309.2R, and seminar lecture notes.
Concrete Repair Basics
One-day seminar for engineers, repair contractors, material
suppliers, maintenance personnel, and public works
engineers. Attendees will learn the best methods and
materials for economical and effective concrete repairs.
The seminar will cover causes and evaluation of problems
in deteriorating concrete, repair techniques, repair
materials, cracks and joints, protection systems, overlays,
and specifications for structures. Complimentary
publications include ACI 201.1R, ACI 224.1R, ACI 364.1R,
ACI 437R, ACI 546R, and seminar lecture notes.
Concrete Slabs-on-Ground
One-day seminar for designers, specifiers, architects,
engineers, contractors, building owners, and government
agencies. Participants will learn about setting expectations for
serviceability; sustainability; engineering considerations,
loads, soil support systems, and low-shrinkage concrete
mixtures with good finishability; minimizing problems with
curling, shrinkage, joints, and surface tolerances; placing
and finishing equipment; thickness design; designing for
shrinkage, joints, details, and reinforcing; curing; surface
treatments including polishing; requirements for plans and
specifications; preconstruction meetings; and problem
recognition and remediation. Complimentary publications
include: ACI 302.1R-04, ACI 302.2R-06, ACI 360R-10,
industry-related articles, and seminar lecture notes.
seminar dates and locations For additional dates and locations or more information on ACI seminars,
visit www.concreteseminars.com Dates are subject to change.

Please check seminar location and date

Troubleshooting Concrete Construction (TRO2) Concrete Repair Basics (REP2)
TXS Dallas, TXMarch 22, 2012 NJS New Brunswick, NJApril 5, 2012
WAS Seattle, WAApril 11, 2012 PAS Philadelphia, PAJune 14, 2012
TNS Nashville, TNApril 18, 2012
MAS Boston, MAMay 2, 2012 ACI/PCA 318-11 Building Code (3182)
INS Indianapolis, INMay 16, 2012 NES Omaha, NEApril 4, 2012
GAS Atlanta, GAMay 23, 2012 PAS Pittsburgh, PAApril 10, 2012
MDS Baltimore, MDJune 6, 2012 LAS New Orleans, LAApril 12, 2012
ORS Portland, ORJune 13, 2012 OHS Cleveland, OHApril 25, 2012
FLS Ft. Myers, FLMay 1, 2012
Concrete Slabs-on-Ground (SLA2) UTS Salt Lake City, UTMay 9, 2012
ILS Chicago, ILApril 17, 2012 KSS Kansas City, KSMay 23, 2012
CAS San Francisco, CAApril 24, 2012 CAS San Diego, CAMay 31, 2012
COS Denver, COMay 8, 2012 TXS San Antonio, TXJune 12, 2012
NCS Charlotte, NCMay 15, 2012 NYS Albany, NYJune 14, 2012
WIS Milwaukee, WIJune 5, 2012

refund policy
Substitutions are accepted at any time. If your substitute qualifies at a different registration fee, a credit or surcharge may apply. If you cannot attend the seminar,
please notify the ACI Seminar Registrar at 248-848-3815 immediately. If you notify us 7 or more working days before the seminar, we will refund your registration
fee. If you notify us that you cannot attend within 3 to 6 working days before the seminar, we will issue you an ACI credit for the full amount of your registration fee
that you may redeem for any future ACI seminar, product, or service. If you notify us that you cannot attend less than 3 working days before the seminar date, we
will issue you an ACI credit minus a $75 administrative fee. Confirmed participants who do not attend are liable for the entire fee unless we are notified in advance
of the seminar date that you cannot attend. If ACI cancels a seminar due to insufficient enrollment, your registration fee will be refunded. ACI is not responsible for
any incidental or consequential damages such as nonrefundable airfare.

fees and sign-up One-day seminar

$597 Nonmember Registration Fee
$457 ACI National Member Registration Fee
$125 Full-Time Student
Registrations from nonmembers (except government agencies within the U.S.) must be accompanied by full payment or charged to VISA,
MasterCard, or American Express.
To qualify for the discounted ACI National Members Seminar Fee, please provide your ACI Member number next to your name.
Discounted student seminar fee is only for full-time students. Include current proof of enrollment with your registration.

Name ACI Member No.:

Title
Registration Fee: $
Company Address 1

Address 2 City, State, Zip

Phone Fax E-mail

payment register today

I am paying by check (payable to ACI) web: www.concreteseminars.com
Please charge to my ACI member account mail: American Concrete Institute
Current ACI national members only. Registration from all others must be accompanied by full payment, charged to a credit Member Services
card, or reserved by government or company purchase order (ACI federal ID# is 38-0296490). All payments must be in P.O. Box 9094
U.S. funds and issued from a U.S. bank.
Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094
Please charge to: (circle one) VISA MasterCard American Express fax: 248-848-3801 (24 hours a day)
phone: Member Services
Signature:______________________________________________________________
248-848-3815
Expiration Date:_________________________________________________________ 8 a.m.-5 p.m. ET
I have a disability and may require accommodation
Account Number:________________________________________________________ in order to fully participate in the seminar.
On the
Move
Urban Engineers has promoted three employees to Vice
President positions. Scott J. Diehl joined Urban in 2007
and brings more than 18 years of experience to the position,
mainly in transportation engineering. In his new position,
he will continue his past work as the firms Chief Traffic
Engineer. He received his bachelors degree in civil engineering
from the University of Delaware and his masters degree
from the University of Virginia. James A. Bilella has been
with Urban since 1994 and specializes in mechanical,
electrical, plumbing, and fire protection services. He
received his bachelors degree in electrical engineering from
Drexel University. David A. Steele continues as the firms
Director of Structural Engineering and has worked on
expanding Urbans structural-related services and capabilities
since joining in 2006. His specialties include new and
existing construction, value engineering, and historic and
adaptive reuse. Steele has won awards for his projects. He
received his bachelors degree in civil engineering from the
University of Delaware.
Andrew Redfern has been appointed to the position
of Capital Equipment Manager at Atlas Copco Mining
Technique. Redfern has served as Project Manager for Atlas
Copcos Surface Drilling Equipment (SDE) division since
2007, and joined the company as Manager of their rental
fleet in 2005. In his new position, he will be responsible for
managing SDE rentals and for expanding other rental lines
within the company. He received his bachelors degree in
geology from the University of Newcastle, Australia.
ARXX Building Products has added to its sales team.
Michael Rosenblat is now Vice President Sales and Business
Development for Canada, and has more than 15 years of
experience in sales, marketing, and business development
in the building industry. His experience includes 12 years
with Voidform International Ltd. Ted Hartner is now Vice
President Sales and Business Development for the U. S., and
has experience and knowledge in construction and building
materials for the commercial, residential, and military
sectors. He joins ARXX from Worthington Construction
Group, where he was Vice President of Business Development.
Honors and Awards
Edward Fyfe, Founder of Fyfe Company, LLC and Fibrwrap
Construction, received the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur Of The
Year 2011 San Diego Award in the Engineering category.
The award recognizes entrepreneurs who demonstrate
excellence and success in areas such as innovation, financial
12 March 2012 Concrete international
Redfern Naaman Brea
performance, and personal commitment to their businesses
and communities. Fyfe Group is a leader in the manufacturing
and installation of advanced composites used for civil and
structural applications, and has produced the Tyfo Fibrwrap
Carbon Fiber System for over 23 years. Ed Fyfe was honored
in recognition of his 40 years of success while continuing to
develop new innovations and products.
ACI Fellows Antoine E. Naaman and Sergio F. Brea
were honored as PCIs Distinguished and Young Educators,
respectively, for 2011.
The Distinguished Educator award honors those who have
made significant contributions to the precast/prestressed
concrete industry over the course of their teaching careers.
Naaman, Professor Emeritus at the University of Michigan,
joined PCI as a student member in 1970. He taught at the
University of Illinois-Chicago before joining the faculty at
Michigan in 1983. At both universities, he developed and
taught courses on prestressed concrete at undergraduate
and graduate levels. His research has led to more than 300
technical publications, of which nearly 80 discuss prestressed
concrete. He is an active member of PCIs Technical Activities
Council, as well as other committees, and was given the award
for his dedication to PCI and to quality teaching and research.
The Young Educator award is given to those who have
made significant contributions to the industry early in their
academic careers. Brea, Associate Professor at the University
of Massachusetts-Amherst, received his PhD from the
University of Texas at Austin in 2000. He actively participates
in the annual PCI Big Beam Contest and teaches Basic
Prestressed Courses at the Unistress Corp. plant in Pittsfield,
MA. He was also involved in the development of PCIs
Prestressed in a Box kit for educators and is a member of
the PCI Student Education Committee. He has authored
many papers presented at PCI conferences and other events
throughout the U.S. and was unanimously chosen to receive
this award.
News
International ACI
Certification and Education
Luke M. Snell, Senior Construction
Materials Engineer, Western Technologies,
Phoenix, AZ, and John K. Conn, ACI
Manager of Certification Operations
and Chapters, recently traveled to
Nanjing, China, to conduct the first
ACI Field Testing Technician-Grade I
certification program for the ACI local
sponsoring group Jiangsu Research
Institute of Building Science. This
train-the-trainer exam session was
sponsored by the ACI China Chapter
and Jiangsu Bote New Materials Co., Ltd.
All-day classroom/hands-on training
was conducted October 30, 2011,
followed by the written/performance
exam the next day. All 21 participants
passed and are now certified.
Snell and Conn also traveled to
Taipei, Taiwan, to help the Taiwan
Concrete Institute, an ACI local
sponsoring group, conduct their first
ACI Concrete Strength Testing
Technician certification exam session.
The classroom/hands-on training
session was conducted on November 5,
2011, followed by the written/
performance exam on November 6.
All 29 participants are now certified.
A train-the-trainer
classroom session in
Taipei, Taiwan
Both sessions were conducted by
ACI Certification under an international
support program approved in 2008 to
help new international groups get up
and running. The participants will
serve as volunteer Instructors, Examiners,
and Supplemental Examiners for
future exam sessions. Snell acted as the
Instructor/Examiner and Conn was
the Supplemental Examiner. Informal
graduation ceremonies were held at
both locations and the participants
were honored to be the first in their
countries to be certified by ACI.
ACI Past President David Darwin,
the Deane E. Ackers Distinguished
Professor of Civil, Environmental, and
Architectural Engineering at the
University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS,
presented a training course on the
ACI Building Code (ACI 318M-11) on
behalf of ACI and the Vietnam
Institute for Building Science and
Technology (IBST) in Hanoi and
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam,
December 12-16, 2011.
Although Vietnam normally
requires that structures are designed
per the Russian code, facilities may be
designed in accordance with other
building codes when international
At the conclusion of the first ACI
Field Testing Technician-Grade I
certification program conducted
in Nanjing, China
Concrete international march 2012 13
News
David Darwin (center) meets with the
leaders of IBST in Hanoi, Vietnam. Cao
Duy Tien, IBST General Director, and
Nguyen Dai Minh, IBST Deputy General
Director, are on his right. Tran Ba Viet, IBST
Deputy General Director, is at Darwins left
organizations have facilities constructed
there. The seminar was therefore
needed to ensure that Vietnams civil
engineers were familiar with ACI 318
requirements. The course was attended
by about 280 engineers. Topics
included an overview of the 318 Code;
analysis and design for flexure, shear,
torsion, and axial load; slender
columns; walls; prestressed concrete
design; strength evaluation of existing
structures; and high-strength concrete.
ACI and IBST have developed a close
working relationship and expect to
further strengthen the connection
between the two organizations with an
official memorandum of understanding.
Responsibility in Concrete
Construction
ACIs Technical Activities Committee
has approved a new technical committee,
ACI Committee 132, Responsibility in
Concrete Construction. The committees
mission is to foster communication,
develop knowledge, and make recom-
mendations regarding the responsibilities
of and the interactions among the
principal parties involved with
concrete design and construction.
The new technical committee will
meet from 2 to 5 p.m., March 18, 2012,
at the ACI Spring Convention in
14 march 2012 Concrete international
David Darwin (center) and Tran Ba Viet,
IBST Deputy General Director (right of
Darwin), with some of the attendees at the
conclusion of the presentations in Ho Chi
Minh City, Vietnam
Dallas, TX. If you are interested in the
work of this committee, you are
encouraged to attend.
NCCER Strengthens its
Commitment to Women
NCCERthe National Center for
Construction Education and Research
has added Malena Cunningham to
its team of expert instructors this
year at the NCCER 2012 Womens
Leadership Academy, to be held at
Clemson University, Clemson, SC, on
March 24-27. Cunningham is a 23-year
broadcasting veteran with time at
CNN as well as local ABC and NBC
affiliate stations across the country.
She now owns her own consulting
firm, where she assists women with
image enhancement.
Image enhancement is only one of
many topics that will be presented at
this years academy. Powerful language
for women, gender-based power in
business, time management, leadership
styles and traits, conflict resolution, and
negotiation tips will also be covered.
This academy includes instruction
from Denise Norberg-Johnson, Past
President of the National Association
of Women in Construction; Roger
Liska, Associate Dean and Professor
for the Department of Construction
Science and Management at Clemson
University; Tom Tansey, Owner of
Tansey and Associates; and Bill Wilson,
President and CEO of The Judgment
IndexTM.
Visit www.nccer.org/womens-
leadership-academy for more
information. NCCER is a not-for-prof-
it education foundation created by the
construction industry to develop
standardized curriculum and to help
address the skilled construction
workforce shortage.
Top Decorative Concrete
Projects Honored
CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
magazine selected Earl Senchuks
project for the Central Park of
Stephenson, MI, as its seventh annual
Decorative Concrete Project of the
Year in 2011. The project was a
concrete sculpture of a rose floating
in a pond. Each of the 12 petals and
three leaves were individually
sculpted using a one-component,
shrinkage-compensated, fast-setting,
polymer-modified cementitious
repair mortar. The pieces were then
numbered and fitted into a specially
designed denture-like holder. The
unique piece measures 54 in. (1370 mm)
across and features a high-intensity
LED light ring, underwater lights,
and a pump and fountain head.
Senchuk was one of the presenters at
the Artistry in Decorative Concrete
demonstrations at this years World
of Concrete.
The 2011 Project of the Year winners
include one overall Project of the
Year, six honorable mentions, and one
Readers Choice, which was YoungLifes
Washington Family Ranch, Antelope, OR,
an all-encompassing ranch featuring
integral-colored stamped concrete
(Saddleback Development Corp.,
Lake Forest, CA, Contractor).
Detailed information about each
project and photo slideshows are posted
at www.concreteconstruction.net.
News
Bentley Systems Student The 50% AEDG series provides a savings compared to the commercial
Design Competition practical approach to designing building energy code used in many parts
For the 2012 Student Design schools and other major commercial of the U.S. Visit www.energy
Competition sponsored by Bentley building types that achieve 50% energy codes.gov for additional details.
Systems, Inc. and Bentleys Be Careers
Network, student teams are invited to
submit projects designed using
Bentley software, along with a short
essay describing their work. Bentley
will award a $2000 scholarship to the
winning individual or team in each of
the categories at the college/university
level, and a $1500 scholarship to the
winning individual or team at the
high school/technical school level.
University, college, or community
college students can submit projects in
one of five categories: Architectural
Design, Road or Bridge Design,
Rendering/Animation Using Micro-
Station, Engineering, and Solving a
Problem with GIS Technology. High
school and technical school students
can participate in the Design a Public
Transport Center category. Submissions
in each category must make clear the
projects problem, intent, and solution,
and support the design models with
architectural or engineering drawings
using any of the applications in
Bentleys portfolio of software for
sustaining infrastructure.
The submissions deadline for the
competition, which is sponsored by
Bentleys Be Careers Network, is
March 6, 2012. For more information,
visit www.bentley.com/studentdesign.

Advanced Energy Design

Guides Now Available
The U.S. Department of Energy
recently released the second and third
installments in a series of four 50%
Advanced Energy Design Guides
(AEDG). The AEDG for 50% energy
savings in K-12 schools and Medium
to Big Box Retail Buildings are now
available for download. The latest
guides will help architects, engineers,
and contractors design and build
highly efficient buildings.

Concrete international march 2012 15

 are the foundation of our success.
To provide additional exposure to ACI Sustaining Members,
Concrete International includes a 1/3-page member profile and a listing
of all Sustaining Member organizations. All Sustaining Members receive
the 1/3-page profile section on a rotating basis. Buzzi Unicem USA is headquartered
in Bethlehem, PA, and is the fourth
largest cement company in the U.S.
ACS Manufacturing Corporation Lafarge North America
with approximately 1400 employees.
Ash Grove Cement Company Lehigh Cement Co. The company produces portland
cement, oil-well blended cements,
Ashford Formula Lithko Contracting, Inc. and masonry cements. For pavement
Baker Concrete Construction, Inc. Meadow Burke repairs requiring limited downtime,
Buzzi Unicem USA offers specialty
Barrier-1 Inc. W. R. Meadows, Inc. cements and grouts using Qwix
ultrarapid hardening cement.
BASF Corporation Metromont Corporation
The companys eight cement
BCS Mintz Levin plants, which produce almost
9 million tons of portland cement
Buzzi Unicem USA Municipal Testing annually, are located in: Cape
Cantera Concrete Company Operating Engineers Training Trust Girardeau, MO; Chattanooga, TN;
Greencastle, IN; Maryneal, TX;
CECO Concrete Construction Oztec Industries, Inc. Oglesby, IL; Pryor, OK; Selma, MO;
and Stockertown, PA.
Changzhou Jianlian Reinforcing Bar Penetron International Ltd.
The company operates 29 terminals
Conjunction Co., Ltd. PGESCo across the U.S. to distribute its
various cements to over 3800 concrete
Chryso, Inc. Portland Cement Association
producers, highway and airport
Commercial Contracting Corporation Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute paving firms, concrete block companies,
and concrete product firms in 29 states.
Concrete Engineering Specialists Schmitt Technical Services, Inc.
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute Sika Corp. In addition, Buzzi Unicem USA
operates 12 concrete plants in
CTLGroup S.K. Ghosh Associates, Inc. Tennessee and Missouri.
Dayton Superior STRUCTURAL
To learn more about Buzzi Unicem
The Euclid Chemical Co. Structural Services, Inc. USA, please visit their Web site at
www.buzziunicemusa.com or call
Fibercon International, Inc. Triad Engineering, Inc. 610-882-5000.
Francis Harvey & Sons Inc. TWC Concrete Services
Future Tech Consultants Urban Concrete Contractors Ltd.
W.R. Grace & Co. Wacker Neuson
Headwaters Resources, Inc. Westroc, Inc.
Holcim (US) Inc.
Keystone Structural Concrete, LLC
Kleinfelder

To learn more about our sustaining members, visit our Web site at www.concrete.org/members/mem_sustaining.htm
 Lafarge is the largest diversified
supplier of construction materials in
the United States and Canada. We
produce and sell cement, ready
mixed concrete, gypsum wallboard,
aggregates, asphalt, and related
products and services.
Lafarge believes that sustainability
can be a competitive advantage. This
long-term perspective includes the
need for economic, social, and
environmental consideration in our
daily business decisions. We believe
this approach will help us achieve
our objectives to be the preferred
supplier, community partner, employer,
and investment.
Lafarge is exploring ways to
contribute to sustainable building.
Our memberships in the U.S. Green
Building Council and Canada Green
Building Council demonstrates the
companys interest in partnering with
leaders from across the industry
working to promote buildings that
are environmentally responsible,
profitable and healthy places to live
and work.
Our products play a decisive role
in sustainable architecture and
construction. They are contributing a
sustainable component to a growing
number of LEED projects across
North America. Lafarges employees
are also entering the LEED Professional
Accreditation Program, earning the
designation of LEED Accredited
Professional, to better serve the
environmental needs of the design
and building community.
For more information on
Lafarge in North America, visit
www.lafarge-na.com.
Penetron International is the
leading manufacturer of innovative
crystalline waterproofing products
with an established presence on
every continent. Penetrons unique
crystalline technology combats
concretes inherent weaknesses,
making it waterproof and resistant to
aggressive climatic, chemical, and
corrosive environments.
Penetron has been building its
reputation on the companys core
technology of crystalline concrete
waterproofing for more than 30 years.
Penetron has remained at the
forefront of product innovation by
listening to customer feedback,
monitoring industry trends, and
staying abreast of market changes
and demands. Among recent
developments are portion-controlled
Penetron Admix clear soluble bags
and Penetron Admix Tracer. These
products were developed to meet
specific concerns of concrete
producers and designers alike, such as
quality control, product authenticity,
time savings, and ease of use.
While Penetron pushes the
boundaries of product and technology
innovations, its relationships with
customers are rooted in the traditional
values of trustworthiness, loyalty,
and respect. Penetron International
will continue to exemplify dependability
and excellence in the field by offering
the best combination of superior
product performance and exceptional
client support on every level.
For more information about
Penetron, visit www.penetron.com
or call (631) 941-9700.
Westroc Inc. is a ready mixed
concrete and aggregate producer
based in Pleasant Grove, UT. Westroc
is one of Utahs leading suppliers of
high-performance, ready mixed
concrete and quality aggregate
products since 1987. Serving the
Wasatch Front and Central Utah with
superior customer service provided by
dedicated employees and state of the
art equipment, Westroc is recognized
for its innovation and ability to meet
its customers needs faster and with
more flexibility than its competitors.
With a large fleet of front discharge
mixers, Westroc produces a wide
variety of specially designed concrete
mixtures for all types of concrete
work. Our sustainable concrete
portfolio includes our EnviroCrete
family of environmentally friendly
mixes as well as pervious concrete.
Westrocs newest batch plant in
American Fork, UT includes a liquid
color system from Solomon Colors
to fulfill your custom colored concrete
needs. Custom crushing and
classification of select aggregate
products and custom delivery of
aggregates are also available.
Westroc continuously strives to
reduce its impact on the environment,
as evidenced by the construction of
its maintenance shop facility built to
LEED standards.
All Westroc concrete batching
facilities are certified in conformance
with National Ready Mixed Concrete
Association requirements and DOT
standards. On-site concrete batching
facilities are also available.
For more information about Westroc,
please visit www.westrocinc.com or
call 801-785-5600.
BRIDGING
&
Highlights of the ACI Fall 2011 Convention in Cincinnati

M
any bridges span the Ohio River at Cincinnati,
OH, and that infrastructure inspired the theme of
Bridging Theory & Practice for the ACI fall
convention held on October 18-20, 2011. The volunteers of
the ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter worked hard to
organize this event in the Queen City, which drew 1393
attendees, including 207 students.
The convention program featured the Student Pervious
Cylinder Competition, a symposium in honor of Andy
Scanlon, and a Concrete Mixer at the Cincinnati Museum
Center at Union Terminal. Highlights of the ACI Fall 2011
Convention included:

Honors at the Opening Session

Dan Dorfmueller, Chair of the ACI Greater Miami Valley
Chapter Convention Committee, welcomed the convention
attendees. He reminded the audience that Cincinnati was
the home town of ACI President Kenneth C. Hover and his
wife, Deb. On behalf of the chapter, Dorfmueller presented
them with a welcome-back gift of a Taste of Cincinnati at
a few popular local restaurants.
ACI Vice President James K. Wight stepped to the
podium to introduce the evenings award recipients,
while ACI President Hover handed out ACI Foundation
awards to Michael E. Kreger, Adam Neville, and Arezki
Tagnit-Hamou.
Michael E. Kreger received the ACI Foundation Concrete
Research Council Arthur J. Boase Award for significant
research achievements in earthquake-resistant concrete
building systems and precast prestressed concrete bridge
components, and for continued contributions to ACI
technical committees. Kreger is a Professor in the School of
Civil Engineering at Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN,
where he joined the faculty in 2004 after serving on the
faculty at the University of Texas at Austin for 20 years. He
Dan Dorfmueller, Chair of the ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter
Convention Committee, welcomed the attendees
is an ACI Fellow and is active on several ACI committees.
Kreger received his BS, MS, and PhD from the University of
Illinois and is a licensed professional engineer in Texas.
Adam Neville was awarded the ACI Foundation Concrete
Research Council Robert E. Philleo Award for his life-long
contributions through education, writings, and consulting
to the advancement of concrete technology. Neville, a
Commander of the Order of the British Empire, has worked
in universities in New Zealand, Nigeria, England, and
Canada and was President of the University of Dundee,
Scotland. He retired in 1987 and has continued to be active
as an expert witness and researcher. An ACI Honorary
Member, Neville has been an ACI member for more than
50 years.

18 March 2012 Concrete international


ACI President Kenneth C. Hover (left) presented Michael E.
Kreger with the ACI Foundation Concrete Research Council
Arthur J. Boase Award
ACI Honorary Member Adam Neville (right) was awarded the
ACI Foundation Concrete Research Council Robert E. Philleo Award
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou was awarded the ACI Foundation
Strategic Development Council Jean-Claude Roumain
Innovation in Concrete Award. He was recognized for
research and development of more sustainable materials
such as quaternary cement and alternative cementitious
materials including glass frit, glass powder, and fly ash from
biomass, together with recovery of industrial by-products to
further concretes sustainable features. Tagnit-Hamou is a
Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the
Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, where
he has been since 1990. He is also Head of the Alternative
Cementitious Materials Laboratory and the Director of
both the Industrial Research Chair on the Valorization of
Glass in Materials and Graduate Studies. Tagnit-Hamou is
an ACI Fellow and is active on several ACI committees.
Arezki Tagnit-Hamou (right) received the ACI Foundation
Strategic Development Council Jean-Claude Roumain
Innovation in Concrete Award
ACI Past President Terry Holland was selected as the ACI
Commemorative Lecturer in the Series honoring Katharine and
Bryant Mather
ACI Past President Terry Holland is the first awardee
in the ACI Commemorative Lecture Series honoring
Katharine and Bryant Mather. Hollands talk was titled
Is it Really that Difficult to Get New Technology into
the Concrete Industry? He began by summarizing the
contributions that Bryant and Katharine Mather made to
the industry. His experience as a young engineer working
with them in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers at the
Waterways Experiment Station in Vicksburg, MS, made a
lasting impression and greatly influenced his career.
Holland related some of his own experiences working with
new technologies and emphasized that transferring
technology from the lab to the field requires a focus on
reliable and repeatable resultsin the exact manner that
the Mathers approached their research.
Concrete international March 2012 19
Some recent recipients of ACI Student Fellowships were
introduced at the Opening Session, from left: Kyrstyn Haapala,
Kyle Dunning, Daniel Abramson, Colby Hietbrink, Mark Cukrov,
and Samuel Keske
Student Competition and Student Lunch
The ACI Student Pervious Concrete Cylinder
Competition is also sponsored by the Center for Maximum
Potential Building Systems and the U.S. Green Building
Council. Teams apply sustainability concepts and their
knowledge of concrete mixture design to produce pervious
concrete samples that balance permeability and splitting
tensile strength. Teams strive to develop a mixture design
that provides the highest load-to-cost ratio. A report that
documents the teams cylinder production process and
preliminary results is also scored. Thirty-three teams from
25 universities competed at the fall 2011 convention. The
winning teams were announced at the Student Lunch. The
first-, second-, and third-place teams in each category receive
cash awards of $300, $200, and $100, respectively.
The top finishers in the Cylinder Performance
Category were:
First Place, University of Florida Team 2: Ashlie Kerr
and Ryan Catarelli; Christopher Ferraro, Advisor;
Second Place, Missouri University of Science and
Technology Team 1: Patrick Graves, Ethan Shackelford,
Mike Wells, Dillon Corr, and Greg Hickey; Lesley
Sneed, Advisor;
Third Place, Metropolitan UniversityCampus Concrete. Koji Sakai, Professor, Kagawa University,
Azcapotzalco, Mexico City: Alfredo Landaverde Garcia,
Ivan Pascual Devesa, and Leonardo Sanchez Deheza;
Francisco Gonzalez Diaz, Advisor.
In the Load-to-Cost Ratio Category, the finalists included:
First Place, University of Minnesota-Duluth Team 2:
Andrew Venaas, Kyle Berg, Philip Koktan, and Benjamin
Thiesse; Eshan Dave, Advisor;
Second Place, Texas State University: Chase David, Daniel
Calhoun, and Seth Eggert; Christian Gaedicke, Advisor; and
Third Place, North Carolina State Team Red: Heath
Kent, Brian Beaver, Michael Lopez, Travis Wetteroff, and
Baxter Mclean; Roberto Nunez, Advisor.
20 March 2012 Concrete international
On behalf of the Institute, ACI President Kenneth C. Hover (left)
thanked Dan Dorfmueller (right) and all the volunteers of the ACI
Greater Miami Valley Chapter Convention Committee for their
efforts in organizing the fall convention
ACI President Kenneth C. Hover, the featured speaker at
the Student Lunch, congratulated the winners and thanked
all the students for their participation. Hovers talk was titled
Things I Learned While Enjoying a Career in Concrete Design,
Construction, and Education. Engineering practice, he said,
is about dealing in ideas all the time, but the key to success
is following through. Hover challenged the students to lift
your ideas to the next level and reminded that ideas require
thinking; great ideas not acted on become could haves. In
conclusion, he urged the students to live life ethically.
At the Student Lunch, the ACI Greater Miami Valley
Chapter also recognized the winners of the chapters 2011
Boyd C. Ringo Scholarships: Jeff Blakeley, Cincinnati State,
$2000; Hannah Marlow, Northern Kentucky University,
$1500; and Brian Lane, Cincinnati State, $1000.
Special Events
ACI Concrete Sustainability Forum IV
This forum, held on October 15, 2011, before the start
of the convention, is sponsored by ISO TC 71/SC 8,
Environmental Management for Concrete and Concrete
Structures, and ACI Committee 130, Sustainability of
Takamatsu, Japan, and Julie Buffenbarger, Engineering &
Architectural Specialist, Lafarge, Medina, OH, were the
forum moderators. Topics and presenters included:
ISO/TC 71/SC 8 Standard Development, Takafumi
Noguchi, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;
ISO/TC 59/SC 17 Standard Development, Antonio
Burgueo, FCC Construction, Madrid, Spain;
ACI 130: An Update on the Activities of the Sustainability
of Concrete Committee, Andrea Schokker, University of
Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN;
Incorporating LCA into Codes and Standards, Emily
Lorenz, CTLGroup, Skokie, IL;
 ACI Fall 2011 Convention Exhibitors
Airplaco Equipment; American Engineering
Testing, Inc.; Baker Concrete Construction, Inc.;
BASF Construction Chemicals, LLC; Burgess Pigment
Company; Cemex; Contractors Materials Company;
CTL Engineering, Inc.; The Euclid Chemical Co.;
FORNEY LP; GAMCO Concrete Forms; Geophysical
Survey Systems, Inc.; GerdauKnoxville ZBAR;
Germann Instruments, Inc.; Get the Point; Goettle,
Inc.; Grace Construction Products; Insulation
Solutions, Inc.; ITW Redhead; Meva; PERI Formwork
Systems, Inc.; Proceq USA, Inc.; Resource International,
Inc.; RMD Kwikform; Roadware, Inc.; SAS Stressteel,
Inc.; Sensors & Software Inc., Silica Fume Association,
SIMCO Technologies, Inc.; Superior Gunite;
STRUCTURAL Group; Tekla; Terracon Consultants,
Inc.; Tourney Consulting Group, LLC; Vector Corrosion
Technologies; and Victory Bear Construction
Products/Fukuvi.
ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter
Convention Committee
Chair: Dan Dorfmueller, d.p. dorfmueller co. inc.
Contractors Day: Mike Breetz, HGC Construction
Exhibits: Tom Dorsey, CMA Supply
Fundraising: Mike Schneider, Baker Concrete
Construction, Inc.
Guest Program: Bud Ruffing, Hilltop Basic
Resources; Debbie Dorfmueller, and Carol Horst
Secretary: Tom Kolber, Woolpert
Social Events: Mike Hornback, Lehigh Cement Co.
Student Program: Jim Down, Baker Concrete
Construction, Inc.
Technical Sessions: Gregory Wagner, THP
Limited Inc.
Treasurer: Bud Ruffing, Hilltop Basic Resources
Institute for Sustainable Infrastructures Envision
Infrastructure Sustainability Rating Tool, Terry Neimeyer,
KCI Technologies, Inc., Sparks, MD;
Low-Carbon High-Flowable Concrete: Clean Crete,
Nobufumi Takeda, Obayashi Corporation, Tokyo, Japan;
An Aggressive Balance between Structure, Economics,
and Sustainability, Phillip Williams, Webcor, San
Francisco, CA; and
Essence of SustainabilityLessons from Japan Disaster,
Koji Sakai, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan.
More information on the ACI Concrete Sustainability
Forum IV can be found starting on p. 41.
A concrete mixer truck greeted attendees outside Cincinnatis
Duke Energy Center, site of the ACI Fall 2011 Convention
International Lunch and JCIs anniversary
commemoration
The impact of engineering lessons learned in the
aftermath of major earthquakes in Japan was the subject of
the talk at the International Lunch by Kazuhiko Kawashima,
Professor, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Kawashima
reviewed the development of Japans own seismic code,
which evolved in response to the major earthquakes that have
affected the region, particularly the 1995 Kobe earthquake.
Kawashima discussed the damage from the Great East
Japan (Tohoku) Earthquake that struck on March 11, 2011.
The extensive improvement of seismic design in the
post-1990 codes enhanced the performance of engineered
structures during the earthquake, but the resulting tsunami
inundation of 40 m (130 ft) was responsible for the great
loss of life and property.
Since its incorporation in 1961, the Japan Concrete
Institute (JCI) has been involved with the continual
improvement of the seismic design codes in Japan. JCIs
50th anniversary was commemorated at the Opening
Session, where JCI members were asked to stand for a
moment of recognition, and during a dinner attended by
ACI and JCI officers and Past Presidents. Congratulations
were offered by ACI President Kenneth C. Hover and
ACI Vice President James K. Wight. Speeches and toasts
commemorating the long-standing partnership between
ACI and JCI were given by JCI President Yoshihiro Masuda,
JCI Past President Shigeyoshi Nagataki, JCI member Toru
Kawai, and JCI Past President Fuminori Tomosawa.
Contractors Day
Dan Baker, ACI Past President, moderated the Contractors
Day Session on Challenges and Other Endurances for the
Concrete Contractor. Topics and presenters included:
Concrete and the Concrete Crew Weather Considerations,
Kenneth C. Hover, Cornell University;
Concrete international March 2012 21
 Convention Sponsors
The following organizations are acknowledged for
their support of the ACI Fall 2011 Convention:
The Golden Gate Bridge ($20,000+): ACI
Greater Miami Valley Chapter and Baker Concrete
Construction, Inc.
The Brooklyn Bridge ($10,000+): Anderson
Concrete and Cemex.
The George Washington Bridge ($5,000+): American
Engineering and Testing; BASF Construction Chemicals;
Concrete Engineering Specialists; The Euclid Chemical
Co.; Meva Formwork Systems; RMD Kwikform; and
Ruttura & Sons Construction Co., Inc.
The Sunshine Skyway Bridge ($2,500+): Dugan &
Meyers; Gateway Concrete Forming Services, Inc.;
Hilltop Companies; Janell, Inc.; Lend Lease; Miller-
Valentine Group; Prus Construction; Spurlino Materials;
and THP Limited, Inc.
The New River Gorge Bridge ($1,000+): ACI
Carolinas Chapter; ACI Greater Michigan Chapter; ACI
Missouri Chapter; ACI Northeast Texas Chapter; ACI
Northern California and Western Nevada Chapter;
ACI Quebec and Eastern Ontario Chapter; ACI Rocky
Mountain Chapter; ACI San Antonio Chapter; ACI
Wisconsin Chapter; Advance Ready Mix Concrete, Inc.;
Amerisafe; Ceco; Central Ready Mix; Contractors
Materials Co.; Ernst Concrete; Fly Ash Direct; Goettle,
Inc.; Grace Construction Products; HGC Construction;
Hilti Corporation; Holcim (US) Inc.; J&B Steel; Lafarge;
Lehigh Heidelberg Cement Group; Messer Construction;
Steven Schaefer Associates, Inc.; Turner Construction
Concrete and the Concrete Crack, Kim Basham, KB
Engineering LLC;
Freeze ThawA Closer Look, James Fletcher, Bowser-
Morner, Inc.;
Beam Strength TestingReduce the Trauma!, Ross
Martin, Ross Martin Consultants;
Really Big Pours, Ronald Kozikowski, Concrete
Engineering Specialists; and
Corrosion of Steel in Concrete, Jorge Costa, Structural
Technologies.
Attendees at the Contractors Day lunch heard a riveting
talk given by David F. Cooper, U.S. Army Special Operations,
Fort Bragg, NC. Mark Cooper, a member of the ACI
Greater Miami Chapter, introduced his brother and hero
for a presentation titled Quitting is Never an Option.
Chief Warrant Officer 5 Cooper told a gripping story of a
mission in Iraq involving the rescue of a downed helicopter
crew in the face of heavy insurgent fire. A Forward Area
Rearm/Refuel Point (FARP) team and two F-16s arrived to
help stem the attack. They were successful, but U.S. Air
22 March 2012 Concrete international
Company; Tru Wall Concrete, Inc.; Urban Concrete
Contractors Ltd.; and Woolpert.
The Roebling Bridge ($500+): ACI Alberta Chapter;
ACI Arizona Chapter; ACI Arkansas Chapter; ACI
British Columbia; ACI Central Florida Chapter;
ACI Central Ohio Chapter; ACI Central Texas Chapter;
ACI Dakota Chapter; ACI Eastern Pennsylvania and
Delaware Chapter; ACI Florida Suncoast Chapter; ACI
Georgia Chapter; ACI Houston Chapter; ACI Illinois
Chapter; ACI Indiana Chapter; ACI Intermountain
Chapter; ACI Kansas Chapter; ACI Kentucky Chapter;
ACI Las Vegas Chapter; ACI Louisiana Chapter;
ACI Maryland Chapter; ACI Mid-South Chapter;
ACI Minnesota Chapter; ACI National Capital Chapter;
ACI New Jersey Chapter; ACI New Mexico Chapter;
ACI Northeast Ohio Chapter; ACI Ontario Chapter;
ACI Pittsburgh Area Chapter; ACI R.C. Reese/Northwest
Ohio Chapter; ACI San Diego International Chapter;
ACI Southern California Chapter; ACI Southern Florida
Chapter; ACI West Michigan Chapter; Baker Equipment
and Materials; Buckeye Ready-Mix; Concrete Industry
Board, an ACI New York Chapter; CRT Concrete
Consulting, Inc.; d.p. dorfmueller co. inc.; Essroc
Italcementi Group; Forta; Gamco, Inc.; Gerdau
Knoxville ZBAR; Hixson, Inc.; H&M Precision Concrete,
LLC; ICC Evaluation Service; Irving Materials, Inc.;
Jostin Construction; Kentucky Ready Mixed Concrete
Association; Megen Encore Construction; Ohio Ready
Mixed Concrete Association; South Dakota School of
Mines and Technology Foundation; Stego Industries,
LLC; and Ulmer Berne, LLP.
Force Major Troy Gilbert was killed. The Army Aviation
FARP teams are focused on customer servicethey are all
about customer support, Cooper said. He left the audience
with this question: Are you giving your best customer
service to allyour colleagues, your industry, and yourself?
The ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter has made a
donation to support military families.
Concrete Mixer
Hosted by the ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter, the
Concrete Mixer was held at Union Terminal, which was
originally built in 1933. Attendees enjoyed dinner and
conversation in the buildings restored, art-deco-style great
rotunda. Other opportunities for networking were available
as many members walked through the three floors of
history exhibits at the Cincinnati Museum Center.
Scanlon Symposium
Andy Scanlon, FACI, a Professor of civil engineering at
Pennsylvania State University for the past 24 years, has
served the concrete industry in many which students may present their An ACI Career Fair for Students
ways, including his role as Chair of original concrete artwork via sculpture, & Young Professionals will be held
ACI Committee 435, Deflection of painting, drawing, photography, or March 19. A tour of the new
Concrete Building Structures, and his scale model. The top 20 entries will be Cowboys Stadium is scheduled for
involvement in ACI Committees 224, displayed during the convention, and March 21.
Cracking; 348, Structural Reliability and attendees will have the opportunity to Go to www.aciconvention.org
Safety; and 437, Strength Evaluation of vote on their favorite piece. for the updated convention schedule.
Existing Concrete Structures. In 2011,
he received the Delmar L. Bloem
Award for his outstanding leadership
on ACI Committee 435.
Session moderators for the Andy
Scanlon Symposium on Serviceability
and Safety of Concrete Structures:
From Theory to Practice, Parts 1-4
included Peter Bischoff, Shawn Gross,
Eric Musselman, and Hani Nassif.
Presentations were contributed by Serdar
Astarlioglu; F. Michael Bartlett; Peter
Bischoff; Nakin Suksawang and Hani
Nassif; Gene Corley and Jared Brewe;
David Darwin and JoAnn Browning;
Norbert Delatte; Admasu Desalegne
and Adam Lubell; Jonathan Hirsch,
Eamonn Connolly, Allan Bommer, and
Flora Calabrese; Amin Ghali and Ramez
Gayed; Ian Gilbert; Shawn Gross; Reza
Kianoush and Reza Sadjadi; Jeffrey
Laman, Woo Seok Kim, and Dan
Linzell; Young Hak Lee and Min Sook
Kim; Faris Malhas and Hani Nassif;
Andrzej Nowak, Anna Rakoczy, and Ewa
Szeliga; Edward Nawy; Carlos Ospina;
Mahmoud Rada Taha, Jung Joong
Kim, and Tai Fan; Andrea Schokker;
Richard Scott and Andrew Beeby;
Pericles Stivaros; and Robert Vollum.
A reception in honor of Andy
Scanlon was also held.

Next: Art of Concrete in

Dallas, TX
The ACI Spring 2012 Convention is
taking place March 18-22, in Dallas,
TX, at the Hyatt Regency Dallas. The
convention will debut a new 2-hour
session format that will increase the
number of technical sessions and
provide attendees with more flexibility
in their convention schedules.
Coinciding with the convention
theme, the ACI Northeast Texas
Chapter is introducing the Art of
Concrete Student Competition, in

Concrete international March 2012 23

ACI Fall 2011
Convention
Highlights
Student Competition and Student Lunch

The ACI Student Pervious Concrete Cylinder Competition

Strength testing of pervious samples

Testing permeability

Jim Down (center), Baker Concrete Construction, handed

out raffle prizes during the competition Pervious concrete cylinders after testing

24 March 2012 Concrete international

Student Competition and Student Lunch

University of Florida students Ryan Catarelli (far left) and Ashlie

Kerr won first place in the Cylinder Performance Category of the
ACI Student Pervious Concrete Cylinder Competition; Walter
Flood, Chair of ACI Committee S801, Student Activities, presented
the award

ACI President Kenneth C. Hovers topic at the Student Lunch was

Things I Learned While Enjoying a Career in Concrete Design,
Construction, and Education

The University of Minnesota-Duluth Team 2 finished first in the

Load-to-Cost Ratio Category

Diego Olguin (left), a student at the Universidad

From left, Dennis Knose, President of the ACI Greater Miami
Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, won an iPod
Valley Chapter, presented the chapters 2011 Boyd C. Ringo
from Bentley Systems, presented by Rita Oglesby
Scholarships to Brian Lane, Hannah Marlow, and Jeff Blakeley

Concrete international March 2012 25

International

At the International Partnerships and Publications Committee meeting

At the International Lunch (from left), Ronald Burg, ACI Executive

Vice President; James K. Wight, ACI Vice President; Kenneth C.
Kazuhiko Kawashima discussed the damage caused by the
Hover, ACI President; Kazuhiko Kawashima, Professor, Tokyo
Great East Japan (Tohoku) Earthquake during his presentation
Institute of Technology; Anne Ellis, ACI Vice President; and
at the International Lunch
H.S. Lew, National Institute of Standards and Technology

A toast of sake in honor of JCIs 50th anniversary

Kenneth C. Hover, ACI President, presented a

commemorative gift to Yoshihiro Masuda,
Japan Concrete Institute (JCI) President, to
honor the 50th anniversary of JCI

(Right) Attendees at the event commemorating

ACIs and JCIs long-time partnership of
cooperation

26 March 2012 Concrete international

Around the Convention

At the Women in ACI Reception

From left, Josh and Mark Cooper, with their uncle and brother
David Cooper, U.S. Army Chief Warrant Officer 5, at the
Contractors Day Lunch

At the Presidents Reception

At the Reception in Honor of Andy Scanlon

Volunteers from the ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter

Enjoying the presentations at the Reception in Honor of

Andy Scanlon (photo courtesy of Serdar Astarlioglu, University Members of the ACI Northeast Texas Chapter, previewing the
of Florida) ACI Spring 2012 Convention in Dallas, TX

Concrete international March 2012 27

Concrete Mixer at the Union Terminal and Cincinnati Museum Center

28 March 2012 Concrete international

Concrete international March 2012 29
 Discover the
creative side of
the world's oldest
man-made building
material in Dallas.
The following sponsors make it possible:
Texas Ranger Deputy State Trooper (cont.)
ACI Northeast Texas Chapter ACI Carolinas Chapter ACI Pittsburgh Chapter
Baker Concrete ACI Greater Miami Valley Chapter ACI Rocky Mountain Chapter
ACI Greater Michigan Chapter ACI Southern California Chapter
Marshall ACI South Texas Chapter On the Job Concrete
Boral Material Technologies Red Baron Supply Co.
Argos
Cement Council of Texas Structural Services
BASF
Chryso TACA
Euclid Chemical
Fritz-Pak CMJ Engineering, Inc.
Lafarge North America Sika Corporation Constable
Lehigh Hanson Aggregates & ACI San Diego International Chapter
Lehigh Hanson Pipe & Precast State Trooper Command Alkon
TXI ACI Eastern Pennsylvania and D&S Engineering Labs PLLC
Delaware Chapter Doug Deno
Sheriff ACI Florida Suncoast Chapter Henley-Johnston &
ACI Georgia Chapter Associates, Inc.
Capform, Inc.
ACI Illinois Chapter Robert Henry
Terracon
ACI Intermountain Chapter Karmy Construction
Wiss, Janney,
ACI Las Vegas Chapter Jay Shilstone
Elstner Associates, Inc.
ACI Louisiana Chapter Speed Fab-Crete
WR grace
ACI Maryland Chapter Texas Best Concrete
ACI New Mexico Chapter Victor Villarreal
ACI Ontario Chapter

*Sponsors listed as of 1/31/12

See an updated list of Sponsors and Exhibitors at

www.aciconvention.org
 ACI Spring 2012 Convention
Art of Concrete
March 18-22, 2012
Hyatt Regency Dallas, Dallas TX
See the latest technology, products, and
services in the exhibit area!

*Exhibitors listed as of 1/31/12

Art and Science of
Building in Concrete:
The Work of
Pier Luigi Nervi
International exhibition and ACI Spring 2012 Convention sessions
are dedicated to this grand master of concrete structures

by Mario A. Chiorino

Palazzo del Lavoro in Turin, Italy (photos courtesy of Istituto Sperimentale Modelli e Strutture (ISMES) archives, MAXXI archives, M. Carrieri, and/or D. Chemise)

32 march 2012 Concrete international

D
escribed by Nikolaus Pevsner as the most
The International Exhibition: Pier Luigi
brilliant artist in reinforced concrete of our time,
NerviArchitecture as Challenge
Pier Luigi Nervi (1891-1979) (Fig. 1) was one of
A broad research-educational program on Nervis
the greatest and most inventive designers and builders of
life and work started in 2009, and it culminated in the
the 20th century. He shared the cultures of architects and
international traveling exhibition, Pier Luigi Nervi
engineers, operating at the very intersection between the
Architecture as Challenge. The work was promoted by
art and the science of building. With his masterpieces
the Pier Luigi Nervi Project Association (PLN),* the
scattered the world over, Nervi contributed to the creation
foundation devoted to the dessimination of Nervis
of a glorious period for structural architecture.
cultural legacy. The program has the scientific support
His personality comprised many facets, including
of the Politecnico di Torino, the University of Rome,
designer, builder, researcher, and creator of new construc-
and La Cambre-Horta School of Architecture of the
tion techniques. He was also a Professor and Lecturer
University of Brussels. The exhibition was organized
at prestigious universities around the world and author
by PLN and the Centre International pour la Ville et
of books debating the conceptual and technological
lArchitecture (CIVA), Brussels, in cooperation with the
fundaments of construction, with particular regard to
Italian National Museum of the Arts of the 21st Century
concrete construction.
in Rome (MAXXI) and the Study Center and Commu
He has been described as having an engineers auda
nication Archive (csac) of the University of Parma,
ciousness, an architects imagination, and a business-
Italy, under the auspices of the President of the Italian
mans practical realism. His use of the most advanced
Republic and of other prominent institutions, including
technical solutions always went hand-in-hand not only
the Vatican City, the European community, and the
with the pursuit of formal elegance but also with an
International Olympic Committee. ACI co-sponsored
equally strong attention to the technical and economic
the exhibition in recognition of the ACI Honorary
aspects of the building process.
Membership awarded to Nervi in 1969 and in consid
In 2009, on the 30th anniversary of Nervis death, a
eration of the significant number of his celebrated
broad research and educational program was promoted
works in North America.
with the intent of disseminating Nervis cultural legacy
Accompanied by a catalog assembling the results
and exploring the complexity of his extraordinary stature
of the research program, the exhibition started its
as a structural artist. The program culminated in the
extremely successful tour in Brussels, Belgium, in 2010.
international traveling exhibition, Pier Luigi Nervi
The subsequent venues in Italy included the Venice
Architecture as Challenge, highlighting some of his
Biennale, the MAXXI, and the Turin Exhibition Halla
most celebrated works of genius. This article presents a
building designed by Nervi himself (as shown in Fig. 8).
brief synthesis of this comprehensive exploration of his
After visiting other venues in Denmark, Germany, and
lifes work. It also serves as a preview to presentations at
Switzerland, the exhibition is expected to visit venues
the International Lunch and two technical sessions at
in North America in 2013. On this occasion, the reprint
the ACI Spring 2012 Convention in Dallas, TX.
by PLN of the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures given by
Nervi at Harvard in 1961 will be available.
On the eve of the North American tour, it is appropri-
ate to dedicate presentations to Pier Luigi Nervi during
sessions on Structural Concrete: An Art Form at the
ACI Spring 2012 Convention in Dallas, TX, in March,
particularly because the general convention theme is Art
of Concrete. The author will deliver the keynote lecture,
bearing the same title as this article, at the conventions
International Lunch. In two technical sessions, addi
tional speakers will review the work of other eminent
pioneers and discuss recent trends in the merging of
architecture and structural engineering.
*
www.pierluiginervi.org

Pier Luigi Nervi: Architecture as Challenge, C. Olmo and
C. Chiorino, eds., Silvana Editoriale, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy,
2010, 240 pp.

Nervi, P.L., Aesthetics and Technology in Buildings, The Charles
Eliot Norton Lectures, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA,
1965, 210 pp.
Fig. 1: ACI Honorary Member Pier Luigi Nervi, 1891-1979

Concrete international march 2012 33

Early Influences
Pier Luigi Nervi graduated with a degree in civil engi-
neering at the University of Bologna, Italy, in 1913, during
a fertile period for scientific, technical, and architectural
ideas. Thanks to the contribution of a few pioneers, builders,
and designers such as Wayss, Hennebique, and Maillart, the
new technology of reinforced concrete was fast developing
in the early years of the 20th century. From the very begin-
ning, the new field was associated with a conscious search
for artistic results.1
It is against this background that Pier Luigi Nervis
professional career began. After an initial period of training
in the technical office of a construction company, Nervi set
up his own design and construction business in 1920. Nervi
was to maintain this dual role of designer and builder
throughout his life.
Early Works
The stadium in Florence (1930, Fig. 2) was Nervis first
great work that attracted the attention of critics and the
publicboth in Italy and abroad. Besides the intrinsic
Fig. 2 (left and right): Nervis first great work: the stadium in Florence, 1930
Fig. 3: Hangar at Orvieto, 1935
34 march 2012 Concrete international
beauty of the project, characterized by the elegance and
strong visual impact of the curved tapered corbels of the
cantilevered roof and the spatial sculptural forms of the
helicoidally warped stairs, Nervis design was chosen
because of the low construction cost.
From 1935 through 1940, a series of great hangars was
built for the Italian air force at Orvieto (Fig. 3) and Orbetello.
Probably inspired by hangars and temporary exhibition
halls constructed in steel and laminated wood (primarily in
Germany), Nervi designed a daring, yet dramatically simple
in structure, geodetic roof with intersecting arched ribs.
The first group of hangars was built using traditional
scaffolding and wooden forms for the concrete structure.
Those that followed were built using ribs consisting of
precast elements that were connected on-site. From that
time on, the use of precast components would become
a constant in Nervis work, as he sought to exploit and
maximize the outstanding compositional and structural
freedoms offered by this technology.
The hangars were also the first structures for which,
in addition to static calculations, Nervi relied on tests of
Fig. 4: Celluloid model of hangar at Orbetello tested at the Model
and Construction Testing Laboratory, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
Fig. 5 (left and right): Central hall (Hall B) of Turin Exhibition Complex, Turin, Italy, 1948

reduced-scale models. The tests were performed by
ACI Honorary Member Guido Oberti (1907-2004) at the
Politecnico di Milano, Italy, in the Model and Construction
Testing Laboratory created by Arturo Danusso (1880-1968),
using celluloid elastic models on a 1:30 scale (Fig. 4). Nervi
would maintain this procedure for most of his later works.2
Rome, Italy, and also for the hulls of small ships (Fig. 6),
Nervi made extensive and innovative use of ferrocement
in the majority of his most daring and fascinating projects.
He is thus credited as the reinventor of this technique.

Ferrocement Reinvented
In his first important post-war workthe astonishing
central hall of the Turin Exhibition Complex built in 1948
(Fig. 5)Nervi used ferrocement to make the precast
elements for the halls magnificent, transparent, 94 m
(308 ft) span barrel vault. This technology had been orig
inally adopted by Jean Louis Lambot in 1846, at the very
dawn of reinforced concrete, to produce a ferciment boat
hull. The hull comprised a thin layer of concrete reinforced
with a thick mesh of small-diameter wires, and it exhibited
remarkable ductility and resistance to cracking.3
After using it for an experimental warehouse at the
site of his construction company at La Magliana, near

Fig. 6: Nervi reintroduced the use of ferrocement: (left) experimental warehouse in ferrocement, La Magliana, Rome, Italy, 1945;
and (right) Pier Luigi Nervi in front of one of his ferrocement boats

Concrete international march 2012 35

Fig. 7: Sports Palace in Rome, Italy, 1958-60, P.L. Nervi with
Marcello Piacentini
Fig. 8: Hall C of Turin Exhibition Complex, Turin, Italy, 1950, while
hosting the International Nervi Exhibtion, 2011
Ferrocement can be used to mold elements of any
geometric shape. The shapes can then be connected by
cast-in-place concrete. The geometric shapes can be
undulatingas in the case of the vault of the Turin
Exhibition Complex and in the great ribbed spherical cap
dome, with a diameter of almost 100 m (328 ft), of the
large Sports Palace in Rome (1960, Fig. 7)or they can
be simple tile shapes.
For the 55 x 157 m (180 x 515 ft) dome of Hall C of the
Turin Exhibition Complex, designed and built by Nervi in
1950, the precast ferrocement elements are in the form of
20 mm (0.8 in.) thick, diamond-shaped tiles that were
assembled and then served as formwork for cast-in-place
concrete on their upper surfaces and within the contact
channels formed at the tile edges. The result is a particularly
elegant mesh of reinforced intersecting ribs (Fig. 8). The
same pattern characterizes the structural fabric of the vaults
and domes of some of Nervis most famous later works: the
Kursaal at Ostia (1950); the Ballroom at the Chianciano Spa
(1952); the small Sports Palace in Rome (1957, with
36 march 2012 Concrete international
Fig. 9: The small Sports Palace in Rome, Italy, 1957, P.L. Nervi with
Antonio Vitellozzi. The elegant pattern of the concrete ribs seems
to be inspired by the geometrical network of a sunflower core
Antonio Vitellozzi, Fig. 9); the Leverone Field House and
Thompson Arena at Dartmouth College in Hanover, NH
(1962, with Campbell and Aldrich, and 1976); the Norfolk
Scope Arena in Norfolk, VA (1965-71, with Williams and
Tazewell & Associates)at the time, the largest dome in
the world with a diameter of 135 m (443 ft); and St. Marys
Cathedral in San Francisco, CA (1963-71, with Pietro
Belluschi, Fig. 10). In this last work, the ferrocement tiles
and the mesh of concrete ribs adapt to the elegant hyper-
bolic paraboloid surfaces of the dome.
In the Gatti Wool Mill (Rome, Italy, 1951), the precast
tiles are used to build a flat floor. The design of the rib
pattern on the ceiling is derived from the lines of the
principal bending moments, again resulting in a partic
ularly refined formal effect that is found in a number of
Nervis subsequent projects.
Later Works
Nervis first important work outside Italy was the
UNESCO Headquarters in Paris, France (1953-58, in
Fig. 10 (left and right): St. Marys Cathedral, San Francisco, CA, 1963-71, Pier Luigi Nervi with Pietro Belluschi, Mc Sweeney, Ryan &
Leew and Leonard F. Robinson (structural engineer)

cooperation with Marcel Breuer and Bernard Zehrfuss). The

signature feature of this building is the fascinating folded
structure of the exposed concrete of the walls and roof. A
series of other prestigious commissions followed. Besides
those mentioned previously, the list includes: George
Washington Bridge Bus Terminal in New York, NY (1962);
Montreals Victoria Square Tower, Canada (1961-66, with
Luigi Moretti, Fig. 11)at the time, the tallest reinforced
concrete building in the world at 145 m (475 ft); Australia
Square and MLC Center Towers in Sydney (1964-72, with
H. Seidler); the hyperbolic paraboloid umbrella roofs for
Newark International Airport, NJ (1971); the B.I.T. head-
quarters building in Geneva, Switzerland (1972); and the
Italian Embassy in Brasilia, Brazil (1979).

Fig. 11: Victoria Square Tower, Montreal, QC, Canada, 1961-66, Fig. 12: Pirelli Tower, Milan, Italy, 1955-58, Pier Luigi Nervi with
Pier Luigi Nervi with Luigi Moretti Arturo Danusso and Gio Ponti

Concrete international march 2012 37

Fig. 13 (left and right): Palazzo del Lavoro in Turin, Italy, 1959-61, Pier Luigi Nervi with Antonio Nervi and Gino Covre
Fig. 14 (upper and lower): Papal Audience Hall, Vatican City,
Rome, Italy, 1963-71, Pier Luigi Nervi with Antonio Nervi
38 march 2012 Concrete international
In Italy, the most celebrated works of his later period
include: the 135 m (443 ft) tall Pirelli Tower in Milan
(1955-59, with Arturo Danusso and Gio Ponti, Fig. 12); the
facilities for the 1960 Rome Olympics, including, besides
the two mentioned Sports Palaces, the Flaminio Stadium,
and the Corso Francia Viaduct; the Palazzo del Lavoro in
Turin (1959-61) (Fig. 13), with its geometrically fascinating
columns featuring striped slanting surfaces covered by a
steel umbrella-like structure (designed by Gino Covre);
the Ponte Risorgimento in Verona (1963-68); and the
Papal Audience Hall in the Vatican (1963-71, with Anto-
nio Nervi, Fig. 14). The latter project recalls the themes of
the Turin Exhibition Hall (from 20 years earlier) while
enhancing them to create an imposing composition also
characterized by the sculpturally highly effective shapes of
the main supporting columns and of the ribbed ceilings
of the proscenium.
Experimentation
Experimentation, including scale models and full-scale
prototypes and constructions, continued to play a major
role in Nervis work. The scientific collaboration between
Nervi and Oberti, initiated at the Laboratory of the Poli
tecnico di Milano before the war, continued after 1950
within the new research laboratory of Istituto Sperimentale
Modelli E Strutture (ISMES), founded by Danusso in
Bergamo with the support of Italcementi, the leading
Italian cement corporation.
Nervi and Oberti considered experimentation to be the
best strategy to overcome the practical impossibility, at that
time, of basing safety checks of complex constructions on
adequately accurate and computationally feasible theoreti-
cal models.4 This strategy was also followednot coinci-
dentallyby other leading exponents of structural architec-
ture in the 20th century, including Eduardo Torroja, Franz
Dischinger, Antoine Tedesko, Felix Candela, Heinz Hoss-
dorf, and Heinz Isler, to name a few.
While the numerical modeling techniques that increas-
ingly appeared in the late 1960s would have gradually
 Fig. 16: St. Marys Cathedral, San Francisco, CA: (above) elastic
model (1:37) under dynamic test; and (below) microconcrete
model (1:15) shown following the ultimate limit state tests

Fig. 15: Microconcrete large-scale model (1:15) used for tests to

failure for the Pirelli Tower, Milan, Italy

opened new frontiers, its fair to say that experimentation

using models became an extremely refined art form and
an essential phase of the design path for Nervi and other
eminent protagonists. Creating physical models was an art
form that required, almost in the same way as in real
construction, the designer to be able to combine techno-
logical expertise and imaginationperhaps justifying
Obertis frequent citation of the adage attributed to
Michelangelo by Vasari: The most blessed monies that
are spent by those who would build are on models.
One of the most complex models produced and tested
within the ISMES facilities was of the reinforced concrete
frame of the Pirelli Tower in Milan, Italy, (modeled in
1955-56). The nearly 10 m (33 ft) tall, 1:15-scale model
(Fig. 15) was produced in microconcrete of pumice stone
and portland cement and tested beyond service conditions
up to failure, after a series of tests in the dynamic field to
check the effects of wind. scale (1:100) model was used for the wind tunnel tests, two
Other ISMES testing programs included models of the medium-scale (1:40 and 1:37) resin models were used for
Victoria Tower in Montreal, QC, Canada, and St. Marys static and dynamic tests in the elastic field (with special
Cathedral in San Francisco, CA. In the latter case, a small- attention to seismic tests due to the buildings location),

Concrete international march 2012 39

and a large-scale (1:15) model constructed in microconcrete
was used for tests to failure (Fig. 16). Its of interest to note
that the elastic tests for St. Marys were accompanied by
checks using numerical models based on early applications
of elastic finite elements analysis, made by the U.S. engi-
neering studio of Leonard Robinson, the firm responsible
for the final design.
Nervis concrete towers in Sydney were tested in Australian
laboratories and were the only two structures for which model
testing was performed outside of ISMES.
Philosophy of Structures
Nervis most famous book was published in 1945.5 Its
titleScienza o Arte del costruire? (Is Building an Art
or Science?)is also a fundamental question. With his
profound knowledge of construction techniques, Nervis
answer to the question emphasizes the priority of the
intuitive moment on the conception of structural architec-
ture, yet it does so without underestimating the impor-
tance of the mechanics of structural systems: The concep-
tion of a structural system is a creative action only partly
based on scientific data; static sensitivity entering in this
process, although deriving from equilibrium and strength
considerations, remains, in the same way as aesthetic
sensitivity, an essentially personal aptitude. His vision was
shared by Torroja, the other great master of structural
architecture of the 20th century, who declared in Razn y
Ser de los Tipos Estructurales (Philosophy of Structures)6 that,
the birth of a structural complex, the result of a creative
process, the fusion of art and science, talent and research,
imagination and sensibility, goes beyond the realm of pure
logic to cross the arcane frontiers of inspiration. In this
vision, Nervi essentially expresses his fear that forced
requirements to use analytical models for reliability
assessments of structures might limit a designers inven
tiveness. He believed that structural imagination frequently
transcends the possibilities of analytically rigorous veri
fication (which was then confined by the lack of modern
computerized structural analysis tools). This struggle for a
design freedom was also the principal justification for his
keen interest for experimental research on mechanical-
scale models.
These concepts were at the base of Nervis extensive and
interesting writings focusing especially on the language of
architecture and the relationship between structure and
form, and on the ethical value of building in a correct
manner. These were also the typical themes of the univer
sity teaching he regularly carried out at Romes School of
Architecture and of some of his important speeches and
lectures at prestigious universities from Buenos Aires (1951)
to Harvard (Norton Lectures, 1961-62).7 They also charac-
terized his exchanges of ideas and professional collabora-
tion with those who shared his culture and mindset, such
40 march 2012 Concrete international
as Mario Salvadori, Structural Engineer and Professor at
Columbia University.
The true art of Nervi is the ability to close the gap
between art and technology to create spaces that border
on poetry without renouncing, in the conversion of the
inspiration into a design and of the design into a construc-
tion, the modus operandi of engineers, but rather empha-
sizing engineering procedures with original and inno
vative contributions.
References
1. Levi, F., and Chiorino, M.A., Concrete in ItalyA Review of a
Century of Concrete Progress in Italy, Part 1: Technique and Archi
tecture, Concrete International, V. 26, No. 9, Sept. 2004, pp. 55-61.
2. Chiorino, M.A., Experimentation in the Work of Pier Luigi
Nervi, Pier Luigi Nervi: Architecture as Challenge, C. Olmo and
C. Chiorino, eds., Silvana Editoriale, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy, 2010,
pp. 61-83.
3. Pemberton, J.M., Ferro CementAn Insight and Review
So What is New? Ferrocement 6: Lambot Symposium, Proceedings
of the Sixth International Symposium on Ferrocement, A.E.
Naaman, ed., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, June 1998,
pp. 75-83.
4. Nervi, P.L., Le ricerche statiche sperimentali su modelli,
Costruire Correttamente, Ulrico Hoepli, Milan, Italy, 1955, pp. 105-114.
(in Italian)
5. Nervi, P.L., Scienza o Arte del costruire? Edizioni della Bussola,
Rome, Italy, 1945, 162 pp.
6. Torroja Miret, E., Razn y Ser de los Tipos Estructurales, Instituto
Tcnico de la Construccin y del Cemento, Madrid, Spain, 1957,
403 pp. (in Spanish)
7. Nervi, P.L., Aesthetics and Technology in Buildings, The Charles
Eliot Norton Lectures, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA,
1965, 210 pp.
Selected for reader interest by the editors.
Mario A. Chiorino, FACI, is Emeritus Pro
fessor of Structural Mechanics with the
Department of Structural Engineering,
School of Architecture, Politecnico
di Torino, Italy. He is a member of the
Academy of Sciences of Turin and
several international organizations,
including fib, IABSE, and IASS. He is
a member of the ACI International
Committee and ACI Committee 209, Creep and Shrinkage
in Concrete. He has published many papers and books on
structure and architecture, structural mechanics and its history,
concrete viscoelasticity, and has been the designer of large
reinforced and prestressed concrete structures, including
buildings, bridges, tall chimneys, and nuclear plants.
Concrete Sustainability
Forum IV
Essence of concrete sustainability
by Koji Sakai and Julie K. Buffenbarger
T
he construction industry has a high degree of regionality
structures are generally built by local people using
indigenous materials. Presently, socioeconomic and
life-cycle costing initiatives include, but are not limited to,
employment of local labor providing economic stimulus to
the region, reduction in transportation expenditures that
prohibit procurement of materials from long distances, an
increased resilient supply chain, and green purchasing
policies. As a result, construction materials are purchased
through local small and medium enterprises.
Concrete consists primarily of aggregate, cement, and
waterall regionally found materials. Aggregate comprises
approximately 70% of the total volume of concrete and is
mined from the Earths crust. Cement is manufactured
from limestone, clay, and gypsum, which are also available
in abundance. Water, including seawater, is the most
common available global substance. These widely abundant
raw materials have allowed concrete production to expand
in response to growing construction demand, making
concrete the second most-consumed substance on Earth
after water. Contemporary society could not exist without
concrete as a primary infrastructure material, and it has
been shown that the industrialization of a nation is directly
correlated to its consumption of concrete.
However, there are two issues concerning concrete and its
necessity for the development of socioeconomic infrastructure.
First, an enormous volume of materials must be extracted
to obtain its basic components; and second, the production
of cement generates a large amount of carbon dioxide
(CO2), a known greenhouse gas. However, there are few
alternatives to concrete as a basic construction material.
Growing population and socioeconomic expansion will
thus force society into continual and growing use of
concrete, even while significant increases in material
consumption and CO2 emissions will hamper sustainable
global development.
The concept of sustainability surfaced at the end of the
20th century. ACI has focused its strategic plan on helping
and leading the concrete industry in a sustainable direction
through the formation of ACI Committee 130, Sustainability
of Concrete; ISO TC 71/SC 8, Environmental Management
for Concrete and Concrete Structures; and the Concrete
Sustainability Forum.
The first Concrete Sustainability Forum was conducted
in St. Louis, MO, in 2008 as a workshop.1 The Second
Concrete Sustainability Forum was held in New Orleans,
LA, in 2009.2 The Concrete Sustainability Forum III took
place in Pittsburgh, PA, in 2010.3 Most recently, ACI held
the Concrete Sustainability Forum IV in Cincinnati, OH, in
2011, in which eight topics were presented as follows:
ISO TC 71/SC 8 Standard Development
Takafumi Noguchi, Secretary of ISO TC 71/SC 8 (chaired
by Koji Sakai) and Associate Professor of the University of
Tokyo, explained the development of ISO Standard 13315:
Environmental Management for Concrete and Concrete
Structures. The first document in a series, ISO 13315-1:
General Principles, will be published very soon.
ISO TC 71/SC 8 is now developing the second document in
the series, ISO 13315-2: System Boundary and Inventory Data.
ISO 13315-2 will provide the fundamental rules for calculating
the environmental impacts of a construction project, first
by defining the system boundary and then quantitatively
evaluating inventory data. The series will also include:
ISO 13315-3: Constituents and Concrete Production;
ISO 13315-4: Environmental Design of Concrete
Structures;
ISO 13315-5: Execution of Concrete Structures;
ISO 13315-6: Use of Concrete Structures;
ISO 13315-7: End of Life Phase Including Recycling of
Concrete Structures; and
ISO 13315-8: Labels and Declaration.
ISO TC 59/SC 17 Standard Development
In addition to ISO TC 71/SC 8, the technical committees
developing ISO standards related to sustainability include
Concrete international march 2012 41
ISO TC 207, Environmental Management, and ISO TC 59/
SC 17, Sustainability in Buildings and Civil Engineering
Works. Koji Sakai, Professor, Kagawa University, Takamatsu,
Japan, outlined the activity of ISO TC 59/SC 17, Working
Group 5 (WG 5), Civil Engineering Works, on behalf of
Antonio Burgueo, the convener of WG 5.
WG 5 is developing ISO 21929-2: Sustainability Indicators
Part 2, Framework for the Development of Indicators
for Civil Engineering Works. This standard will provide
requirements and guidelines for the selection and
development of sustainability indicators for civil engineering
works. The indicators are quantitative, qualitative, or
descriptive measures representative of one or more impact
categories or classes of economic, environmental, or social
issues of concern. There are many aspects to be considered
for developing a system of indicators for environmental
aspects, including use of energy resources, materials
resources, water, and land. The definition of each item and
rules for calculation or measurement are provided in the
standard. As a next step, a standard on sustainability
assessment of civil engineering works will be developed.
ACI Committee 130 Work
Andrea Schokker, University of Minnesota Duluth,
Duluth, MN, outlined the activities of ACI Committee 130,
Sustainability of Concrete. The committees mission is to
develop and report information on the sustainability of
concrete. Since its organization in 2008, the committee has
had three Chairs: Richard Stehly, ACI Past President;
Schokker, who assumed the position of Chair in 2009
through 2011; and Julie K. Buffenbarger, who is current
Chair. With a current membership of 134, ACI Committee
130 is the largest of ACIs committees. At present, seven
subcommittees are working toward producing relevant and
timely educational products covering the environmental,
social, and economic pillars of sustainability:
130-A, Materials;
130-B, Production/Transportation/Construction;
130-C, Structures in Service;
130-D, Rating Systems/Sustainability Tools;
130-E, Design/Specifications/Codes/Regulations;
130-F, Social Issues; and
130-G, Education/Certification.
Referencing documents developed by the U.S. Green
Concrete Council, Sustainable Concrete GuideStrategies
and Examples and Sustainable Concrete GuideApplications,
as resources, the subcommittees are developing technical
documents to be published in the near future.
Incorporating LCA into Codes
and Standards
A key issue within sustainable codes and standards is the
incorporation and adoption of life-cycle assessments (LCA).
Emily Lorenz, CTLGroup, Skokie, IL, outlined the
42 march 2012 Concrete international
ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1 on High-Performance
Green Buildings, the International Green Construction
Code (IGCC), and CALGreen.
The goal for Standard 189.1 is to establish mandatory
criteria in all topic areas, provide simple compliance
options, and complement green building rating systems.
Standard 189.1 requires minimizing the use of all materials
through efficient design. It also requires the analyses of two
building designs. Relative to the baseline building design,
the alternate building design must minimally show a 5%
improvement in at least two impact categories.
In addition to requiring assessment of primary energy use,
the IGCC will require assessment of the impacts of a building
on global warming, ozone depletion, smog, acidification,
and eutrophication. The assessment will be evaluated
through analyses of baseline and alternative building
designs. Relative to the baseline, the alternative design must
show at least a 10% improvement in primary energy use
and 5% improvement in at least three impact categories.
CALGreen was adopted in 2011 and includes six impact
categories: climate change, ozone depletion, smog,
acidification, eutrophication, and fossil fuel depletion. As
with IGCC, CALGreen requires the analysis of two building
designs. It also requires that the alternative design must
show at least 10% improvement in climate change potential
and at least two other impact categories. It also has voluntary
measures that can be adopted by a jurisdiction as mandatory.
ISI Rating Tools
While most existing rating systems are applicable for
buildings, a natural outgrowth of sustainable rating systems
is the development of criteria for infrastructure. Terry F.
Neimeyer, KCI Technologies Inc., Sparks, MD, a member of
the board of the Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure (ISI),
introduced ISIs rating system for civil infrastructure,
EnvisionTM. This rating system establishes a holistic
framework for evaluating and rating infrastructure projects
against the needs and values of the community. The rating
system recognizes efforts that replenish and restore natural
resources and ecosystems, and evaluates infrastructure
throughout its full life, with ratings for design and planning,
construction, operations, and decommissioning. The rating
system will also serve as a guide for practitioners, owners,
and stakeholders in the framing of infrastructure solutions.
The framework of the rating system includes 10 primary
criteria and 74 secondary criteria reflecting economic,
social, and environmental attributes of projects. By meeting
objectives within the criteria, projects earn points toward
their rating score. The achievement of points within the
criteria is scaled in five levels to ensure all efforts to achieve
sustainability are rewarded proportionally.
The primary criteria for the rating system will include
project strategy and management, community (long- and
short-term effects), land use and restoration, landscapes,
ecology and biodiversity, water floors, lighting controls, operable Essence of Sustainability
resources and environment, energy windows, and on-site renewable Lessons from the Japan
and carbon, resource management energy generation (wind and photo- Disaster
(including waste), and transportation. voltaic panels). Energy-saving features Sakai discussed the essence of
Version 2 of the rating system and on-site energy generation will sustainability from the experience of
was released in January 2012. Two allow the headquarters to be a net-zero the March 11, 2011, Japan Disaster.
companion tools are also scheduled energy building. The Japan Disaster was a triple disaster,
for release this year, including a
preplanning checklist for assessing
project sustainability in increasing
awareness of issues, and a comprehensive
guidance document; and a score
calculator that allows users to analyze
and rate a projects level of achievement
for sustainability objectives. Both tools
are currently under development.

Low-Carbon Concrete
To accelerate concrete sustainability,
it is very important to develop sustainable
concrete technologies. Nobufumi Takeda
described a low-carbon concrete that
was developed by Obayashi Corporation,
Tokyo, Japan. The developed concrete
reduces CO2 emissions from 280 to
50 kg/m3 (470 to 84 lb/yd3) while
meeting a required strength of 36 MPa
(5000 psi). The mixture includes
ordinary portland cement, slag cement,
fly ash, and silica fume (15, 65, 17.5,
and 2.5% of the cementitious material
content, respectively), as well as chemical
admixtures, gypsum, calcium hydroxide,
and limestone powder. With a water-
cementitious material ratio of 0.40, the
highly flowable mixture provides a
concrete with low heat and high
durability. It has been used to construct a
wall and foundation and will soon be used
in the structural members of a building.

Sustainable Building
Phillip Williams, Vice President of
Webcor, San Mateo, CA, discussed
the San Francisco Public Utilities
Commission Headquarters construction
project. This is the first U.S. project
requiring carbon accounting for
construction materials and related
activities. By using fly ash and slag
cement in the mixture, the CO2
emissions associated with concrete
production were reduced by 49%. The
building design includes raised-access
CIRCLE READER CARD #0

Concrete international march 2012 43

including an earthquake (M9.0), tsunami, and radioactive
pollution due to the hydrogen explosion at a nuclear power
plant. As of November 2011, nearly 20,000 people were
killed or are missing, 900,000 houses damaged, and 320,000
people evacuated.
There were many lessons learned from the Japan Disaster.
Without a robust infrastructure, including transportation
systems and residential and commercial buildings, society
has no opportunity to meet the environmental, economic,
and social goals that must be achieved for sustainability.
The environmental impacts of the disaster were enormous:
radioactive contamination in some regions, huge amounts
of construction waste generated, and massive resources
expended in the reconstruction of the affected regions.
Large-scale economic effects included collapse of economic
activity in the affected regions with job and income loss,
and massive investments will be necessary to remove
contamination and rebuild infrastructure, residences, and
commercial buildings. Social impacts are also tremendous.
In addition to the catastrophic loss of life, many people lost
their homes, and radioactive contamination is expected to
force long-term evacuation of the local population.
Destruction of social infrastructure and facilities has
exerted a lethal negative impact on economic and social
activity. In other words, robust buildings and infrastructures
are the basis of sustainability. The balance among resources/
energy consumption (environmental aspects), economy,
and safety/reliability (social aspects) are important for the
sustainability of society.
However, there is conflict between structural safety and
environmental issues. It is not economically practical to
design structures that completely elude destruction by
future unforeseen, great external forces. Therefore, it is
necessary to provide a level of performance that holds
damage to the level of partial destruction without collapse
of the entire structure, in the event of natural disasters of
very low probability.
In contemporary society, almost all individuals make
use of infrastructure and a vast majority of the population
44 march 2012 Concrete international
ACI President Kenneth C. Hover welcomed the attendees to the
Concrete Sustainability Forum IV. Seated (from left): Forum
co-moderators Koji Sakai and Julie Buffenbarger, and Kevin
Mlutkowski, ACI Director of Sustainability
spends long periods of time indoors. Therefore, creating
a human-friendly and safe environment with low
environmental burden is the responsibility of those
working in the concrete and construction industry.
References
1. Sakai, K., and Sordyl, D., ACI St. Louis Workshop on Sustainability,
Concrete International, V. 31, No. 2, Feb. 2009, pp. 34-38.
2. Sakai, K.; Buffenbarger, J.K.; and Stehly, R.D., Concrete Sustainability
Forum, Concrete International, V. 32, No. 3, Mar. 2010, pp. 56-59.
3. Sakai, K., and Buffenbarger, J.K., Concrete Sustainability Forum III,
Concrete International, V. 33, No. 3, Mar. 2011, pp. 37-40.
Selected for reader interest by the editors.
Koji Sakai, FACI, is a Professor at
Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Japan.
He chairs ISO TC 71/SC 8, Environmen-
tal Management for Concrete and
Concrete Structures, and the Japan
Concrete Institute Committee on Sus-
tainability. He chaired fib Commission 3,
Environmental Aspects of Design and
Construction, from 2002-2010. Sakai
was a session co-moderator for the 2011 Concrete Sustain-
ability Forum IV.
Julie K. Buffenbarger, FACI, is an En-
gineering and Architectural Specialist
with Lafarge Cement. She is also Chair
of ACI Committee 130, Sustainability of
Concrete. Buffenbarger was a session
co-moderator for the 2011 Concrete
Sustainability Forum IV.
The Textile Block System
An overview of Frank Lloyd Wrights mono-material concepts for middle-
income housing
by Edward Losch
A
lthough Frank Lloyd Wright is well known for his
iconic works such as Fallingwater and the Guggenheim
Museum and being a major proponent of Prairie
School Architecture, his textile block system is perhaps less
well known. This system arose from Wrights desire to
wed machine-age production techniques with organic
architecturethe principle that a structure should look as
though it naturally grew on a siteso as to make his
designs affordable to people of modest means.
This article explores a few of his textile block homes
designed in accordance with Wrights Usonian concepts for
middle-income housing: many were small, single-story
dwellings without a garage and were generally L-shaped to
fit around a garden terrace. Usonian homes were also
constructed with native materials and had flat roofs and
large cantilevered overhangs, clerestory windows to provide
daylighting, and radiant-floor heating. Most of the houses
were built in the 1920s through the 1950s throughout the
U.S., but the plans for one are being used to construct a
modern building on the Florida Southern College campus,
Lakeland, FL, a setting with a number of other Wright
textile block structures.
Modularity, Simplicity, and Integrity
From early on in his career, Wright designed within a
module. The base module varied according to the particular
project, but once set, all dimensions were tied to it. Because a
plan could be laid out quickly on grid paper without
dimensions, the module was as much a design shortcut as an
organic principle.
The module helped facilitate other ideals, such as
providing a unified appearance, simplicity, and affordability
through prefabrication and ease of construction. The basic
module dimension, whether 4 ft (1.22 m) for the Usonian
houses or 6 ft (1.82 m) for the Florida Southern College
campus, was struck into the base concrete floor slab. These
joints were left visible as a reminder of the organization of
the building units into a unified whole.
According to Wrights organic theory, all components of
the building should appear unified, as though they belong
together. Nothing should be attached to it without consid-
ering the effect on the whole. To unify the house to its site,
Wright often used large expanses of glass to blur the
boundary between the indoors and outdoors.
According to Wright: My sense of wall was no longer
the side of a box. It was enclosure of space affording
protection against storm or heat only when needed. But it
was also to bring the outside world into the house and let
the inside of the house go outside. In this sense, I was
working away at the wall as a wall and bringing it toward
the function of a screen, a means of opening up space
which, as control of building materials improved, would
finally permit the free use of the whole space without
affecting the soundness of the structure.1
Wrights mono-material textile block was intended to
provide these qualities of simplicity and integrity. What is
seen on the outside is true to what is inside. Integrity in a
person can be described as who you are when no ones
looking. So it is with a building. Is the structure supported
in the manner that it appears to be supported? Are the walls
really made of stone or is the stone just a veneer? An
organic house does not pretend to be something it is not.
The Storer House (1923)
Wright first used his textile block system on the John
Storer House in Hollywood, CA, in 1923, with his son,
Lloyd Wright, supervising construction (Fig. 1). According
to the original specifications, the blocks were to be made
Concrete international March 2012 45
Fig. 1: The first use of the textile block system by Frank Lloyd Wright (the Storer House, Hollywood, CA)
from one part portland cement to four parts sand or decom-
posed granite. Consistency was to be such that the mixture
would hold its shape when squeezed by hand, and it was to be
used within a half hour. Blocks were to be formed on site by
pressing the stiff mixture into machined metal molds. A
freshly formed block was to be removed immediately from the
mold and kept moist for at least 10 days.2
The module for the Storer House was 16 in. (406 mm)
and the actual block dimensions were exactly 16 x 16 in.
with no tolerance. There was no mortar joint between the
blocksa formed reveal was used to give the appearance of
a tooled jointso precision-machined molds were required.
The wall system consisted of a double-wythe precast block
wall with an air gap between the outer and inner wythes.
The blocks were stacked and reinforced horizontally and
vertically with a fabric or mesh of grouted reinforcing
bars, 16 in. on center.
The Freeman House (1923)
Also in 1923, Wright was commissioned to design a
home for Samuel and Harriet Freeman in the Hollywood
Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles, CA (Fig. 2). This was to
be a relatively small house for a client of modest means.
Because his new textile block system used inexpensive
materials and could (at least in theory) be assembled using
unskilled labor, Wright undoubtedly felt that the Freeman
project would be a good test case.
46 MArch 2012 Concrete international
Unfortunately, the cost of completion was almost two and
a half times Wrights original estimate. The cost overruns
were probably due to excessive labor costs resulting from not
having a concrete mixer on site,2 Wrights penchant to
embellish his designs and refuse compromise, and delayed
communications with the contractor when Wright returned
to Wisconsin. Wrights original estimate stated that 9000
blocks would be required at a cost of 30 cents each, totaling
$2700. The project actually required 11,000 blocks at 66 cents
each, for a total cost of $7260.3 In spite of the cost overruns,
the Freemans loved their house and remained the only
owners and occupants until it was bequeathed by Harriet
Freeman to the University of Southern California School of
Architecture, Los Angeles, CA, in 1986.
The Ennis House (1923)
Later in 1923, Wright had the opportunity to further test
the limits of the textile block system when he received a
commission from Charles and Mabel Ennis to build a home
on a hillside in the Los Feliz area of Los Angeles, CA (Fig. 3).
Because the Ennises had the resources for a large house on a
grand scale, Wrights budget would not be as constrained as
it was with the Freeman House. Wright took the opportunity
to further flesh out his mono-material concept.
Visually, the house is monumental in scale and posture
uncharacteristic for Wright. Its no exaggeration to say that it
dominates the hillside in an almost brutal fashion. Inspired
 Fig. 2: The second use of the textile block system was for the construction of the Freeman
House, Hollywood Hills, CA, shown here undergoing repair work to the main living area

Fig. 3: The Ennis House is sited on a hillside in the Los Feliz

area of Los Angeles, CA. Inspired by Mayan ruins, Wright
used offset blocks to form battered walls

Concrete international March 2012 47

by Mayan ruins, Wright used offset blocks to form battered
walls. He made extensive use of textile block for floor structures,
using ceiling blocks as stay-in-place forms for a reinforced
concrete structural slab. Similarly, textile blocks were used as
stay-in-place forms for reinforced concrete posts and beams.
As the project progressed, the designer and the owners
had significant aesthetic conflicts:
Although Wright specified corbeled arches over door and
window openings, the owners demanded horizontal lintels;
Although Wright specified that the stained glass windows
were to be fabricated in a pattern that mimicked the block
module, the owners wanted (and got) a delicate pattern;
Although Wright wanted the floors to have textile block
finishes, marble was used for the room floors and
ceramic tile was used in the baths; and
Although Wright typically controlled the design of light
fixtures and furnishings on his projects, the owners
demanded traditional chandeliers and furniture.
Eventually, the conflicts between the designer and the
owners led Wright to resign from the project.2 Even so, the
Ennis House arguably stands as one of the most complete
built examples of Wrights modular, mono-material,
machine-age vision.
The Arizona Biltmore Resort (1928)
Early in 1928, Wright received an inquiry from a former
apprentice, Albert Chase McArthur. McArthurs family was
developing a million-dollar project: a resort in the desert
north of Phoenix, AZ. McArthur was familiar with Wrights
Los Angeles houses, wanted to adapt the textile block
system for the resort, and so he asked for details on the
method. With no other significant commissions in the
offing, Wright wired back, essentially inviting himself to
Phoenix: Should I come out to help you start perhaps?4
Fig. 4: The Biltmore blocks were 18 x 13.5 in. (457 x 343 mm) and
were molded with intricate detail
48 MArch 2012 Concrete international
Even though he had misgivings stemming from his
firsthand knowledge of Wrights commanding ego, McAr-
thur accepted Wrights proposal.5 Just as he had feared, the
collaboration was rocky. Wright, never one to compromise,
was not happy with the way his textile block system was
used on the project. He recommended a 16 x 16 in. (406 x
406 mm) block module as was used for the Los Angeles
houses, but he was overruled in favor of an 18 x 13.5 in.
(457 x 343 mm) block (Fig. 4). Worse, the projects engi-
neers specified a steel and concrete frame to support the
four-story hotel, so the blocks became little more than
aesthetic treatments. As Wright explained:
Albert McArthur, one of my boys in the Oak Park work-
shop, was commissioned to build the building. Albert, at the
psychological moment, appealed to me for help to establish
the block system in the plans for the project. A wanderer
myself, I turned into quarters at Phoenix and worked six
months with Albert. The plans were finally made, but Albert
encountered the usual opposition to the unusual in design
and construction; he was unable to stem the co-lateral tide of
suggested changes in technique which soon robbed the system
of all economic value and left it standing as a novel and
beautiful outside for an unintelligent engineer inside, whereas
great technical economy was first and foremost a feature of the
system had it been naturally allowed to work. Having no
authority myself beyond bullying or by way of suggestion, I
was powerless to prevent the tragic waste. In the building of
the hotel cottages, however, the details of the system itself were
better followed with better results. 6
The cottages that Wright refers to are 11 outbuildings
that originally served as quarters for the children of guests,
their nannies, and other household servants (Fig. 5).
According to historical photos of the cottages construction,
it appears that a single exterior wythe of the textile blocks
did indeed serve as the structural support for the cottages
roofs. The interior finish consists primarily of wood studs,
lath, and stucco, but interior concrete block fireplace walls
echo the exterior faade. Unfortunately, the cottages have
since undergone extensive remodeling to divide them into
resort rooms, and the visible interior blocks at the fireplace
have been painted or covered with gypsum wallboard.
Florida Southern College Campus (1938
to 1954)
The Florida Southern College Campus is Wrights only
college campus. Over a period of 16 years, the college built
a total of 10 textile block buildings exhibiting the most
elaborate use of patterns with the textile block system. Even
the most basic block is not plain, as it has dentils along the
short edges. The standard block is 3.5 in. (89 mm) thick,
36 in. (914 mm) wide, and 9 in. (229 mm) tall and fits the
6 ft (1.83 m) basic module used for the campus. A typical
wall consists of two wythes with a 2 in. (51 mm) air gap,
resulting in a total thickness of 9 in. (229 mm).
 Undertaking the project at the end of the Great Depression
and during World War II forced the college to make every
effort to contain costs. They did this by using student labor
to construct the initial buildings, using sample blocks in
the final construction (Fig. 6), and delaying Wrights
commission payments.
Unfortunately, Wrights system has not fared well in the
humid Florida climate. The long horizontal channels must Fig. 5: A Biltmore cottage in Phoenix, AZ
have been difficult to fill with grout, especially for the
inexperienced student labor that constructed some of the
early buildings. The joints were therefore susceptible to
water penetration, causing corrosion and spalling (Fig. 7).
Not long after construction, the upper-level walls on the
Annie Pfeiffer Chapel were covered with stucco to stop
water leakage and protect the blocks (Fig. 8).7
Block deterioration continues to be a problem on other
campus structures. For example, restoration of the Roux
Library was undertaken in 1981 (Fig. 9), but the repairs are
now showing distress. The deterioration is so severe that in
2008 the World Monuments Fund placed the campus on its
list of the 100 most endangered sites and convened a conference
at the college to discuss textile block construction.8 Eric
Lloyd Wright, the designers grandson and an architect in his
own right, was in attendance to advise and lend support.8,9

Florida Southern College Campus (2011

to 2012) Fig. 6: Student laborers construct the E.T. Roux Library (above) (Photo
By 1938, low-cost Federal Housing Authority (FHA) courtesy of Florida Southern College Archives); Now known as the Thad
loans had become available for single-family homes. The Buckner Building, the building as it appeared in 2011 (below)

Concrete international March 2012 49


Fig. 7: Reinforcing bar corrosion and the resulting spalling
is evident on many of the blocks on the Florida Southern
College campus
Fig. 8: Annie Pfeiffer Chapel as it appeared in 2011, with the
upper level covered with stucco
50 MArch 2012 Concrete international
college wanted to take advantage of this program, so they
asked Wright to design a prototype for a faculty house, with
the potential for building up to 20 more. Wright designed a
single-family Usonian house, but the schools application
for an FHA loan was deniedthe design was apparently
too radical, and the house was never constructed.
Recently, however, the college commissioned a new
textile block building, based on Wrights house plans, for
use as a tourism and education center. The new 1700 ft2
(158 m2) building is being touted by the college as the first
Wright structure constructed for the original client on the
original site since 1966.10 About $2,000,000 in donations
have been received to fund the project.
Construction started in the spring of 2011, with completion
expected by the summer of 2012. According to Wayne
Fig. 9: In general, the textile block system has not weathered
well in the Florida climate: (upper) restoration work on the former
Roux Library was undertaken in 1981(Photo courtesy of Florida Southern
College Archives); and (lower) the same section of the
Roux Library as it appeared in 2011, showing that the 1981
replacement blocks have not fared well
Koehler, Photographer and Assistant Webmaster at
Florida Southern College, construction will require
about 2000 blocks in 47 different patterns.
Block production is taking place at a precast concrete
production facility in Massachusetts, around 1300 miles
(2092 km) from the project site. The blocks are being cast
in plywood molds with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
inserts cut to precise specifications on a computer
numerically controlled (CNC) mill (Fig. 10). Because the
inserts are removed after the block is released from the Fig. 10: Fabrication of a corner block mold. The white inserts are
form, cracking is avoided and the fine detail is preserved. PTFE milled on a CNC mill (Photo courtesy of Wayne Koehler, Florida
There are some durability issues with the plywood molds, Southern College)
however, so PFTE-coated steel or aluminum is being
considered for future base molds.
The concrete mixture design was selected with the goal
of providing a durable wall while maintaining the same
look as the original blocks. According to the Florida
Southern College Architect Jeff Baker, dry-casting was
investigated, but the resulting blocks didnt have the
required detail (especially at the perforations) and the
blocks were susceptible to water penetration. Wet-casting
was selected to obtain the necessary detail and low perme-
ability. Forms are removed after 2 hours and the blocks are
acid-etched to simulate an open-pore dry-cast look. The
blocks are also pressure-washed on site.
The blocks are assembled in a manner similar to that
used for the original textile block buildings, but the
materials have been improved (Fig. 11). Silicone sealant is
used to set the blocks and prevent the grout from oozing
out (in the original projects, clay was used for this purpose).
Vertical reinforcing comprises stainless steel threaded rods
with couplers, horizontal reinforcing consists of epoxy-
coated reinforcing bars, and the wythes are held together
using custom-designed stainless steel connectors that span
between the inner and outer wythes (in the original
projects, uncoated mild steel was used throughout). The
grout channels formed at the block joints are being filled
by pumping.
The cavity between the wythes is filled with a polyure-
thane foam rather than being left open as it was in the
original projects. A wall assembly has been tested and
shown to be resistant to wind-driven rain. According to
Baker, tests have also verified that the sprayed-in-place
insulation adds strength to the wall; the foam transfers
some shear between the concrete wythes and results in Fig. 11: Partially constructed walls: (upper) a mockup shows the
significant composite action. wythe connectors in place. The connector prototypes were
fabricated using carbon steel, and the blocks were not supplied
The plans for the houses did not include any details
with notches to allow connectors to be recessed; and (lower)
for the block patterns, so patterns were based on block
the final configuration of the wall includes stainless steel wythe
designs in other campus buildings. Six generations of block connectors set in notches. Vertical reinforcing comprises
designs were required before the right one was found. The threaded stainless steel rods, and horizontal reinforcing comprises
construction is expensive, but Baker attributes the systems epoxy-coated bars. Note that polyurethane insulation has been
high costs to tooling up from scratch for one small injected between some of the wythes at the door opening. The
building. The unit cost of additional buildings should horizontal channels form tubes that will be injected with grout
be reduced dramatically. before installation of the door framing

Concrete international March 2012 51

Parkwyn Village and Galesburg Country
Homes (1948 to 1950)11
These subdivisions in and around Kalamazoo, MI, were
constructed in the late 1940s and early 1950s, the height of
Wrights Usonian period (Fig. 12). Here, the block system
was apparently intended to be a way for home owners to
save money by using sweat equity. Less consideration was
given to using the textile block system as a mono-material,
as wood was used for the ceilings and other components
(Fig. 13). Still, the block serves as the structure, the exterior
finish, and the finished surfaces at penetrations.
The Usonian Automatic
Wrights ultimate expression and final word on the
textile block system was the Usonian Automatic:
We are often asked how a young couple, with a limited
budget, can afford to build a house designed on the basic
principles of organic architecture.This problem will
probably always exist in one direction or another. But we
have gone far in solving this generic problem by the natural
concrete block house we call the Usonian Automatic. This
Usonian house incorporates innovations which reduce
most of the heavier costs, labor in particular.1
After some further experimentation in the late 1940s
with rectangular block in a 3-to-4 aspect ratio (refer to
Parkwyn Village), Wright settled on the 12 x 24 x 3-1/2 in.
(305 x 610 x 89 mm) Usonian Automatic block. In the
Usonian Automatic system, the walls, pilasters, ceilings,
roof, and even the glazing would be constructed using the
basic block module. His intent was to find a manufacturer
that could produce the system economically to the preci-
sion required for blocks with no dimensional tolerance.
According to Eric Lloyd Wright, Although steel forms
were used to create the blocks for the Automatics, the blocks
still could not be made with the precision necessary to lay
them without shimming. It was my grandfathers desire that,
ultimately, these blocks could be picked up in any building
supply yard and stacked up by individuals wanting to build
their own houses.He realized that only if the blocks were
machine made would it be possible to lay them out without
shimming, but he was never able to interest anyone in taking
on the manufacture of the blocks.12
Most of the Automatics were constructed with a single
wythe wall. The inside coffered face of each block, which was
hidden on previous textile block houses, was left exposed for
decorative effect or covered with an inch of rigid insulation
and 3/4 in. (19 mm) mahogany plywood panels.12
The Automatics are perhaps most notable for the use of
coffered concrete blocks for the construction of the ceiling
and roof structures. Six in. (152 mm) deep, 24 x 24 in. (610 x
610 mm) coffered blocks were used as stay-in-place forms
for the roof structure. The 200 lb (91 kg) blocks were
hoisted and placed on a temporary platform. When placed
together, the blocks created troughs for reinforcing and
52 MArch 2012 Concrete international
cast-in-place concrete at the abutting edges, so the roof was
essentially a concrete waffle-slab with precast stay-in-place
forms. Whether it made economic or structural sense to
place significant dead load in the roof structure is a subject
of debate, but the use of the blocks as concrete forms for
the roof structure took Wrights mono-material concept
further than in his previous designs.
The Turkel House (1955)
The Turkel House in Detroit, MI, is the only two-story
Usonian Automatic house in existence. The two-story
scheme reduces the houses footprint on the lot. Wright
further maximized yard space by tucking the building into
a corner of the building lot.
Ignoring the original owners wish to minimize the number
of windows and doors, Wrights design includes 19 exterior
doors (none more than 24 in. [610 mm] wide) and over
400 windows. In Wrights view, these werent windows as
punched openings, but rather, they were perforated blocks
which admitted light and views, as well as providing ventilation,
support, and shelter. This can be seen in the homes dramatic
colonnade that faces a large garden space (Fig. 14). While the
columns look fragile, especially with the mitered glass corners,
they actually support the heavy concrete structures of the
cantilevered second floor and roof.
The house has recently been carefully restored to
its former glory by the current owners (Fig. 15). Some
enhancements to the original construction include the
addition of thermal pane insulated glass for all the
perforated blocks and the installation of an enhanced
perimeter radiant heat system to reduce condensation on
the windows.
Closing Remarks
According to Eric Lloyd Wright: You can see that in
every period of his career after Olive Hill (Hollyhock
House), he never let it go. There is always some kind of
concrete textile block system. But he couldnt swing (the
industry) over. I always thought it had great potential, but
there was the issue with the forming, and with the accuracy
of the block (dimensions), because you dont have a mortar
joint to make up differences. My grandfather could never
get any companies interested in developing machinery to
make the block.These blocks were handcrafted. The idea
hangs on, because there is something innate about it that
strikes all of us as something worth pursuing. The whole
thing is unified.13
Frank Lloyd Wright once stated that, next to designing a
theatre for live performance, solving the middle-income
housing problem was the issue closest to his heart.1 He had
hoped that his precast concrete modular block system
would do just that. Lately, there has been a resurgence of
interest in Wrights life and work. It could be that his
pioneering experiments will yet provide an inspiration for
Fig. 12: The exterior of the Eric V. Brown House, Parkwyn Village, Kalamazoo, MI, in 2011

Fig. 13: The interior of Eric V. Brown House living room, Kalamazoo, MI, in 2011. Although
the walls and fireplace comprise textile block construction, the ceiling and roof
structure are wood construction

Concrete international March 2012 53

 Fig 15: Interior of the Turkel House, Detroit, MI, in 2011. As Wright
intended, the perforated blocks provide light, views, ventilation,
support, and shelter. Coffered concrete blocks form the ceiling
and stay-in-place forms for the cast-in-place roof structure

3. Chusid, J.M., Historic Structure Report: Samuel and Harriet

Freeman House, Hollywood, California, Frank Lloyd Wright, 1924, USC
School of Architecture, 1989, 293 pp.
4. Jewel of the Desert, the Arizona Biltmore Hotel, Biltmore Press,
Phoenix, AZ, 2009.
5. Cheek, L.W., Frank Lloyd Wright in Arizona, Rio Nuevo Publishers,
Tucson, AZ, 2006, 72 pp.
6. Wright, F.L., Frank Lloyd Wright: Collected WritingsVol. 2, Rizzoli
International Publication, Inc., New York, NY, 1992, 384 pp.
7. MacDonald, R.M.; Galbraith, N.E.; and Rogers Jr., J.G., The
Buildings of Frank Lloyd Wright at Florida Southern College, Arcadia
Publishing, 2007, 128 pp.
8. Chusid, J.M., Preserving the Textile Block at Florida Southern College,
World Monuments Fund, New York, NY, 2011, 42 pp. (www.wmf.org/
project/florida-southern-college)
9. Freitag, A., Site Visit: Frank Lloyd Wrights Florida Southern
College, WMF Journal, June 2, 2009.
10. Florida Southern College News, June 23, 2011.
11. Heinz, T.A., Frank Lloyd Wright Field Guide: Includes All United
States and International Sites, first edition, Northwestern University
Press, Dec. 30, 2005, 528 pp.
12. Hess, A.; Weintraub, A.; Frampton, K.; and Hines, T.S., Frank
Lloyd Wright: The Houses, Rizzoli, New York, NY, 2005, 544 pp.
13. Author conversation with Eric Lloyd Wright, May 14, 2011.

Selected for reader interest by the editors.

Fig. 14: The Turkel House in Detroit, MI, features a dramatic

colonnade: (upper) from the inside, the nearly transparent Edward Losch is both a licensed
colonnade provides views of a large garden space; and (lower) structural engineer and an architect.
from the outside, the colonnade is seen to support the heavy He founded Losch Engineering
concrete structures of the second floor and roof Corporation to provide engineering
services to the precast concrete
industry. He recently chaired the
the development of a viable precast concrete residential
Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute
building system.
Sandwich Wall Panel Committee and
has developed software for concrete
References
sandwich wall design that has become a standard in the
1. Wright, F.L., The Natural House, Horizon Press, New York, NY,
industry. Losch is currently a PhD Candidate in building
1954, 223 pp.
science at the University of Southern California School of
2. Sweeney, R.L., Wright in Hollywood: Visions of a New Architecture, Architecture, Los Angeles, CA.
the MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1994, 271 pp.

54 MArch 2012 Concrete international

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The Use of Glass Powder
as Supplementary
Cementitious Material
Field trials in slab, wall, and sidewalk concrete mixtures

by Arezki Tagnit-Hamou and Abdelkrim Bengougam

A
lthough uncolored glass can be recycled by the glass
industry, mixed glass is normally landfilled. This
presents obvious environmental problems, so
valorization of mixed glass by using it in concrete is an
attractive alternative.
When ground to about the same fineness as portland
cement, glass powder (GP) demonstrates pozzolanic
behavior: the amorphous silica (SiO2) in the GP (Table 1)
reacts with portlandite (Ca(OH)2) generated during cement
hydration to form gels of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH).
Several studies have shown the beneficial effects, including
increased workability and reduced chloride permeability, of
using GP as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM).1-7
This article provides field trial data on concrete produced
with GP.
Field Trials
Using concrete mixtures with 10 to 30% GP as a cement
replacement, we conducted three field trials in Quebec,
Canada:
A slab and sidewalk at La Maison du dveloppement durable
(The Center for Sustainable Development) in Montreal;
Two walls of a recyclable materials sorting plant in
Gatineau; and
Sidewalks within the Museum District of Montreal.
For each project, strength (compressive, tensile, and
flexural), volumetric change, and durability (chloride
permeability and resistance to freezing and thawing)
were examined using samples taken at the site. The slab and
walls were instrumented to monitor concrete strain and
temperature over time. Sidewalk mixtures were also
evaluated for scaling resistance.
Center for Sustainable Development
The Center for Sustainable Development is a green
building demonstration located on Saint-Catherine Street
in Montreal, QC, Canada. In addition to being the
headquarters of quiterre and several other social and
environmental organizations, the building is being developed
as the showcase of Quebecs expertise in the field of
sustainable development. The building thus includes
several experimental projects on green building and is open
to the public as a center for reflection, innovation, and
education on sustainable development.
We participated in the construction of a reinforced
concrete slab-on-ground floor in the centers conference
room lobby and sidewalks on Saint-Catherine Street (HSD
project) (Fig. 1). In both cases, we placed sections with trial
and control concrete mixtures. The requirements for
concrete mixtures were as follows:
Interior slab: 28-day compressive strength of 30 MPa
(4350 psi), slump ranging from 50 to 110 mm (2 to 4.25 in.),
and water-cementitious material ratio (w/cm) of 0.48; and
Sidewalk: 28-day compressive strength of 32 MPa
(4640 psi), slump ranging from 50 to 110 mm (2 to
4.25 in.), and w/cm of 0.42.

Table 1:
Chemical and physical properties of portland cement (GU) and glass powder (GP) in % of total
Cementitious Specific Blaine,
SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 K2O Na2O
material gravity m2/kg
GU 20.43 4.70 2.92 62.39 1.81 3.53 0.95 0.18 3.15 394
GP 74.07 1.97 0.44 13.56 1.26 0.20 0.62 7.19 2.54 382

56 march 2012 Concrete international

Fig. 1: Sidewalks and interior slab at the Center for Sustainable Development, Montreal, QC, Canada, constructed using concrete
mixtures with 20% GP as cement replacement
Fig. 2: Walls at Tricentris recyclable material sorting company, Gatineau, QC, Canada, constructed using concrete mixtures with 10
and 30% GP as cement replacement
For the interior slab, the trial section was constructed
using concrete mixture GP20-1, with a cementitious
material content of 80% Type GU cement per the Canadian
Standards Association (CSA) (CSA A3001, Cementitious
Materials for Use in Concrete) and 20% GP. The control
section was constructed using concrete mixture Control1,
with a cementitious material content of 77% Type GU
cement and 23% Class F fly ash. Both concrete mixtures
were manufactured and delivered to the site by Unibton.
For the sidewalk, the trial section was constructed using
concrete mixture GP20-2, also with a cementitious material
content of 80% Type GU cement and 20% GP. The control
section was constructed using concrete mixture Control2,
with 100% Type GU cement. Control2 and GP20-2 were
delivered by Demix Construction and Unibton, respectively.
For the interior slab, a water-reducing admixture (WRA)
was added to the mixture at the plant. The slump values
obtained on site, 40 minutes after the water was added to
the mixtures, were 80 mm (3 in.) for mixture GP20-1 and
90 mm (3.25 in.) for the mixture Control1. To improve the
workability during the placements, a high-range water-
reducing admixture (HRWRA) was added at the site.
Dosage rates were 1 L/m3 (26 fl oz/yd3) for mixture GP20-1
and 0.5 L/m3 (13 fl oz/yd3) for mixture Control1. For the
sidewalk, WRA and air-entraining agent were incorporated
into the concrete mixtures at the plant. The compositions
of the concrete mixtures are listed in Table 2, and the fresh
concrete properties are presented in Table 3.
Sorting Plant
Tricentris is a major recyclable material sorting company
in Quebec, Canada. The company seeks LEED certification
on all new construction projects. As the industrial partner
of the Socit des Alcools du Quebec (SAQ) Research Chair
on the Valorization of Glass in Materials, Tricentris has
committed to building a plant specifically for production
of GP to be used as an SCM. Following this directive, the
companys new sorting facility in Gatineau (Fig. 2),
incorporates two reinforced concrete buildings with 4 m (13 ft)
tall walls using 10% (concrete mixture GP10) and 30% (concrete
mixture GP30) of GP as a cement replacement (Tables 2 and 3).
Both concrete mixtures were delivered by Lafarge.
Concrete international march 2012 57
Montreals Museum District
The Museum District, a zone surrounding the Museum
of Fine Arts in downtown Montreal, is home to many
historical and architectural buildings. After deciding to
renovate the streets and enlarge the sidewalks around the
museum, the city chose to use white or pale concrete for
the sidewalks to reduce the urban heat island. We recom-
mended the use of GP so that the concrete would comple-
ment the districts traditional granite pavers (Fig. 3). The
sidewalks were constructed using a quaternary concrete
mixture (Quat10) with 70% Type GU cement, 20%
Type GUb-S/SF (interground portland cement/slag cement/
silica fume), and 10% GP (Tables 2 and 3). The concrete
mixture was delivered by Lafarge.
Testing Methods
During each placement, we produced specimens for
laboratory tests. The tests were performed according to
specifications of ASTM International or Bureau de
Normalisation du Qubec (BNQ), including:
ASTM C39, Standard Test Method for Compressive
Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens;

Table 2:
Concrete mixture design
HSD project HSD project Tricentris project Montral city project
Material, kg/m 3 (slab concrete) (sidewalk concrete) (wall concrete) (sidewalk concrete)
(lb/yd3) GP20-1 Control1 GP20-2 Control2 GP10 GP30 Quat10
w/cm 0.48 0.48 0.42 0.38 0.50 0.48 0.44
Cement GU 280 (472) 264 (445) 320 (539) 435 (733) 270 (455) 245 (413) 262 (442)
GUb-S/SF 75 (126)
GP 70 (118) 80 (135) 30 (51) 105 (177) 38 (64)
Fly ash Class F 78 (131)
Water 168 (283) 165 (278) 168 (283) 175 (295) 154 (260) 168 (283) 165 (278)
Sand 825 (1391) 966 (1628) 688 (1160) 728 (1227) 820 (1382) 770 (1298) 840 (1416)
Aggregate, 5 to 20 mm
1070 (1804) 950 (1601) 1040 (1753) 1007 (1697) 1057 (1782) 1025 (1728) 1033 (1741)
(0.2 to 0.8 in.)
WRA, mL/100 kg
130 (2.0) 138 (2.1) 180 (2.8) 250 (3.8) 230 (3.5) 230 (3.5) 175 (2.7)
(fl oz/100 lb)
AEA, mL/100 kg
60 (0.9) 135 (2.1) 42 (0.6) 42 (0.6) 40 (0.6)
(fl oz/100 lb)
HRWRA, L/m3
1.0 (26) 0.5 (13)
(fl oz/yd3)

Table 3:
Properties of fresh concretes
HSD project Tricentris project Montral city project
HSD project (slab) (sidewalk) (wall) (sidewalk)
Measured properties GP20-1 Control1 GP20-2 Control2 GP10 GP30 Quat10
Slump control, mm (in.) 80 (3.25) 90 (3.5) 90 (3.5) 130 (5) 100 (4) 95 (3.75) 85 (3.25)
Slump after HRWRA
130 (5) 120 (4.75)
addition, mm (in.)
Air content, % 4.3 2.4 5.6 7.2 5.0 5.1 6.6
2294 2324 2308
Density, kg/m3 (lb/ft3) 2297 (143.4) 2424 (151.3) 2343 (146.3) Not determined
(143.2) (145.5) (144.4)
Temperature of 26.4 27.2
18.0 (64.4) 26.0 (78.8) 23.8 (74.8) 26.3 (79.3)
concrete, C (F) (79.5) (81.0)
Ambient temperature,
0 (32) 6 (42.8) 22 (71.6) 22 (71.6) 26 (78.8) 26 (78.8) 24 (75.2)
C (F)

58 march 2012 Concrete international

 ASTM C496, Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile
Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens;
ASTM C78, Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength
of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading);
ASTM C157, Standard Test Method for Length Change
of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete;
ASTM C1202, Standard Test Method for Electrical
Indication of Concretes Ability to Resist Chloride Ion
Penetration;
ASTM C457, Standard Test Method for Microscopical
Determination of Parameters of the Air-Void System in
Hardened Concrete;
ASTM C666 Procedure A, Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing;
and
BNQ NQ 2621-900 Annex A, Dtermination de la
Rsistance lEcaillage du Bton Soumis des Cycles de
Gel-Dgel en Contact avec des Sels Fondants.
Results and Discussion
The evaluated properties are presented in Table 4. At
early ages, the compressive strengths of concrete mixtures
with GP used in slabs and sidewalks were lower than those
of their corresponding control mixture. GP mixtures did,
however, meet the required strengths at 28 days. The GP
mixtures had about the same strengths as the control
mixtures at 28 days and GP20-2 had a greater strength than
the corresponding control mixture (Control2) at 91 days
(Fig. 4). The splitting tensile strengths for GP mixtures and
control mixtures were comparable. The tensile strength of
GP20-2 exceeded that of Control2 at 28 days (Table 4).
The results of resistance to rapid chloride penetration
testing are presented in Fig. 5 and listed in Table 5. The data
show that resistance to chloride ion penetration increases
with increasing GP content. The values obtained for the
concrete mixture with 20% GP (GP20-2) are about a third
of the corresponding values obtained for the control

Fig. 3: Sidewalks at the Museum District, Montral, QC, Canada, constructed using concrete mixtures with 10% GP as cement replacement

Table 4:
Mechanical properties of hardened concrete
Splitting tensile Flexural strength,
Concrete Compressive strength, MPa (psi) strength, MPa (psi) MPa (psi)
mixture 1 day 3 days 7 days 28 days 91 days 28 days 91 days 28 days 91 days
GP20-1 (slab) 6.7 (970) 18.6 (2700) 23.6 (3420) 31.2 (4530) 41 (5950) 3.40 (495) 4.20 (610) 5.30 (770) 5.80 (840)
Control1 (slab) 8.9 (1290) 23.6 (3420) 27.3 (3960) 35.6 (5160) 44.2 (6410) 4.10 (595) 5.00 (725) 5.25 (760) 6.60 (955)
GP20-2
19.7 (2860) 22.4 (3250) 30.0 (4350) 37.6 (5450) 3.50 (505) 4.40 (640) 5.00 (725) 5.75 (835)
(sidewalk)
Control2
20.7 (3000) 25.9 (3760) 31.5 (4570) 35.1 (4570) 2.60 (375) 4.50 (655) 4.80 (700) 5.25 (760)
(sidewalk)
GP10 (wall) 15.6 (2260) 21.2 (3075) 26.8 (3890) 33.2 (4820) 35 (5080) 3.55 (515) 4.0 (580) 4.70 (680) 5.35 (775)
GP30 (wall) 14.3 (2070) 18.7 (2710) 23.9 (3470) 30.2 (4380) 32.5 (4710) 3.20 (465) 4.1 (595) 5.30 (770) 6.34 (919)
Quat10
23.2 (3360) 30.2 (4380) 34.7 (5430) 46.4 (6730) 3.05 (440) 4.05 (585) 5.30 (770) 5.80 (840)
(sidewalk)

Concrete international march 2012 59

 mixture (Control2). According to the rating scale provided
in ASTM C1202, the concrete mixture with 20% GP is
considered to have low and very low chloride ion
penetrability at 56 and 91 days, respectively. The concrete
mixture with 20% GP used in sidewalks also meets the
permeability requirement of the CSA (CSA-A23.1, Concrete
Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction/Test
50
45
Compressive strength, MPa
Methods and Standard Practices for Concrete) for C1
exposure class (charge passed <1500 coulombs at 56 days).
The results of freezing-and-thawing tests and microscopic
air void analyses are listed in Table 6. After 300 cycles of
freezing and thawing, the visual appearance of the specimens
was good with some fine cracks present on the surface. All
concretes with GP showed very good resistance, with the
durability factor ranging from 98 to 102% (well exceeding
the 80% suggested as a limit for a good durability).8
In addition, spacing factors determined for the concrete
mixtures with GP (Table 6) were below the 0.23 mm

(0.009 in.) limit specified by CSA-A23.1 and below 0.20 mm

40 (0.008 in.), which is a generally accepted maximum spacing
factor value for concrete with good resistance to freezing
35 and thawing.9
The results of salt scaling tests performed on the sidewalk
30 concrete (GP20-2 and Control2) are presented in Table 7.
GP20-1 Control1 For both mixtures, the mass of scaled concrete obtained
25
GP20-2 Control2 after 56 cycles of freezing and thawing is less than 500 g/m2
20 GP10 GP30 (0.1 lb/ft2), the maximum limit specified by the standard
Quat10 BNQ NQ 2621-900. Tested specimens also showed only a
15 very slight scaling.
0 20 40 60 80 100 Measurements of length change (per ASTM C157)
Age, days obtained over period of 3 months are presented in Fig. 6. In
general, concrete mixtures with GP have higher shrinkage
Fig. 4: Compressive strength results (1 MPa = 145 psi) than the control concrete mixtures; however, the shrinkage
strain remains below the limit specified in CSA-A23.1
6000
GP20-1 Control1 Promising Results
Charge passed, Coulombs

5000 GP20-2 Control2 Based on the presented test results, the use of GP as an
GP10 GP30 alternative SCM is very promising. Concrete mixtures
Quat10
4000 containing GP exhibited good workability during the

3000 Table 5:
Rapid chloride permeability test (ASTM C1012)
2000
Concrete mixtures 28 days 56 days 91 days
1000 GP20-2 (sidewalk) 2245 1290 987
Control2 (sidewalk) 3409 2818
0
28 56 91 GP10 (wall) 6030 5025 3562
Age, days GP30 (wall) 2742 1681 1236

Fig. 5: Chloride ion permeability results Quat10 (sidewalk) 1658

Table 6:
Durability factor and air void parameters (resistance to freezing and thawing)
HSD project Tricentris project Montral city
(sidewalk) (wall) project (sidewalk)
Concrete properties GP20-2 Control2 GP10 GP30 Quat10
Fresh concrete air content, % 5.6 7.2 5.0 5.1 6.6
Hardened concrete air content, % 3.7 4.7 3.0 3.0 4.7
Spacing factor , mm (in.) 0.176 (0.007) 0.124 (0.005) 0.245 (0.010) 0.225 (0.009) 0.169 (0.007)
Durability factor, % 100 103 98 99 102

60 march 2012 Concrete international

 Table 7: 3. Shayan, A., and Xu, A., Performance of Glass Powder as a
Surface scaled mass of concrete mixtures used in Pozzolanic Material: A Field Trial on Concrete Slabs, Cement and
sidewalk project Concrete Research, V. 36, No. 3, Mar. 2006, pp. 457-468.
Scaling, g/m2 (lb/ft2) 4. Schwarz, N.; Cam, H.; and Neithalath, N., Influence of a Fine
Glass Powder on the Durability Characteristics of Concrete and Its
Age GP20-2 Control2
Comparison to Fly Ash, Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 30, No. 6,
28 days 322 (0.06) 265 (0.05)
July 2008, pp. 486-496.
5. Zidol, A., Optimization of the Fineness of Glass Powder in
Binary Cementitious Systems, masters thesis, University of Sherbrooke,
0.03
GP20-2 Control2 Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2009, 168 pp.
0.02 GP10 GP30 6. Idir R., Mechanisms of Action of Glass Powders and Glass
GP20-1 Control1 Aggregates on Alkali-Silica and Pozzolanic Reactions, PhD thesis
0.01
cotutelle, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, and University of
Length change, %

0.00 Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2009, 284 pp.

-0.01 7. Saeed, H.; Ebead, U.; Tagnit-Hamou, A.; and Neal, K.,
Stoichiometric Study of Activated Glass Powder Hydration,
-0.02
Advances in Cement Research, accepted for publication (ACR-D-10-
-0.03 00067R1).
-0.04 8. Nmai, C.K., Freezing and Thawing, Significance of Tests and
Properties of Concrete and Concrete Making Materials (STP 169D),
-0.05
J.F. Lamond and J.H. Pieler, eds., ASTM International, West
-0.06 Conshohocken, PA, 2009, p. 159 (Fig. 1).
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
9. ACI Committee 201, Guide to Durable Concrete (201.2R-08),
Age, days American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 49 pp.
Fig. 6: Drying shrinkage of concretes measured according to
ASTM C157 Note: Additional information on the ASTM International, BNQ, and
CSA standards discussed in this article can be found at www.astm.org,
www.bnq.qc.ca, and www.csa.ca, respectively.
placement. Although cement replacement with the GP was
shown to reduce early-age compressive strength, concrete Selected for reader interest by the editors.
mixtures with GP reached strength values close to the
strength values for control mixtures at 28 days, and one GP
mixture reached a greater strength than the corresponding Arezki Tagnit-Hamou, FACI, is a Professor
control at 91 days. GP replacements were also shown to in the Civil Engineering Department at
significantly reduce the permeability of hardened concrete. the University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke,
With good resistance to chloride ion penetration and cycles QC, Canada. He is a member of ACI
of freezing and thawing, concrete mixtures with GP are Committees 130, Sustainability of
expected to demonstrate better durability than portland Concrete, and 555, Concrete with
cement concrete mixtures; the optimum cement replacement Recycled Materials. His research
level is estimated to be between 20 and 30%. interests include physical chemistry
and microstructure of cement and
Acknowledgments concrete, supplementary cementitious materials, and
Funding for this project and the Industrial Chair on the Valoriza- sustainable development.
tion of Glass in Materials was provided by the Socit des Alcools du
Quebec. The support is deeply appreciated. Also, we thank Tricentris, Abdelkrim Bengougam is a Research
Equiterre, and the city of Montreal for their collaboration in these Associate in the Department of Civil
projects. Engineering at the University of Sher-
brooke, working as part of the Industrial
Research Chair on the Valorization of
References
Glass in Materials. He received his PhD
1. Topu, I.B., and Canbaz, M., Properties of Concrete Containing
from the Swiss Federal Institute of
Waste Glass, Cement and Concrete Research, V. 34, No. 2, Feb. 2004,
Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland, in
pp. 267-274.
2002. His research interests include
2. Shi, C.; Wu, Y.; Rieflerb, C.; and Wang, H., Characteristics and
supplementary cementitious materials and the long-term
Pozzolanic Reactivity of Glass Powders, Cement and Concrete Research,
behavior and durability of concrete.
V. 35, No. 5, May 2005, pp. 987-993.

Concrete international march 2012 61

2012 AIA Institute
Honor Awards

T
he American Institute of Architects (AIA) has selected
the 2012 recipients of the Institute Honor Awards, the
professions highest recognition of works that exem-
plify excellence in architecture, interior architecture, and
urban design. Selected from over 700 total submissions,
27 recipients located throughout the world will be honored
at the AIA 2012 National Convention and Design Exposition
in Washington, DC. More information on the award
winners can be found at www.aia.org.

2012 Institute Honor Awards

for Architecture

8 House, Copenhagen, Denmark

BIG
This multi-family residential structure contains 475 units.
The bow-shaped building creates two distinct housing
spaces, separated by a 5300 ft2 (500 m2) communal facility
in the center. The apartments sit above commercial space
at street level.

41 Cooper Square, New York, NY

Morphosis Architects
As the new academic building for The Cooper Union,
this facility allows the colleges three schools, previously
housed in separate buildings, to share a single venue. A
vertical piazza forms the heart of the building, while an
undulating lattice envelopes a 20 ft (6 m) wide grand stair
ascending four stories from the ground level through the
skylit central atrium.

The Gates and Hillman Centers for Computer

Science, Pittsburgh, PA
Mack Scogin Merrill Elam Architects
Located on Carnegie Mellon Universitys west campus,
this building houses four departments of the School of
Computer Science. The design required negotiating a series
of complex existing site conditions and programmatic
prerequisites, including demolition of existing buildings,
subsurface rock, sewer lines that limited the constructible The Gates and Hillman Centers for Computer Science,
area, and an existing campus spacial hierarchy. Pittsburgh, PA

62 March 2012 Concrete international

Ghost Architectural Laboratory, Upper Kingsburg,
NS, Canada
Mackay-Lyons Sweetapple Architects Limited
This project, an architectural education center in the
tradition of Frank Lloyd Wrights Taliesin, consists of
numerous structures that are, in part, products of the
design/build curriculum itself. They provide accommodation
for the program and a venue for community events.
LumenHAUS, Blacksburg, VA
Virginia Tech Solar Team
The house is both a dwelling and an international
exhibition informing the public about issues of alternative
energy and sustainability. The structure is a grid-tied solar-
powered house based on the concept of Responsive
Architecture. It adjusts to climatic changes and user
requirements and generates more power than it uses over
the course of a year.
2012 Institute Honor Awards for
Interior Architecture
ARTifacts, Omaha, NE
Randy Brown Architects
The design of the Kent Bellows Studio and Center for
Visual Arts focused on minimal interventions to upgrade
the building and provide the new spaces for the facility.
Artistic additions to the building created windows, seating,
a walkway, a meeting and reading space in the library, and
the main entrance.
Childrens Institute, Inc., Otis Booth Campus,
Los Angeles, CA
Koning Eizenberg Architecture
The adaptive reuse of three industrial buildings created

Pittman Dowell Residence, La Crescenta, CA

Michael Maltzan Architecture, Inc.
Inspired by geometric arrangements of interlocking
polygons, the home is a heptagonal figure confounded by
a series of intersecting slices. Bounded by an introverted
exterior, living spaces unfold in shifting perspectival frames.
An irregularly shaped void defined by these intersections
creates an outdoor room whose edges blur into the
adjoining spaces.

Poetry Foundation, Chicago, IL

John Ronan Architects
Chicagos Poetry Foundation features a garden, a library,
a gallery, and a performance venue for poetry all on the
ground floor. The second level holds office spaces configured
to allow for views from all spaces out onto the garden. Pittman Dowell Residence, La Crescenta, CA

Ruth Lilly Visitors Pavilion, Indianapolis, IN

Marlon Blackwell Architect
This project serves as both a threshold to and a desti
nation within the 100 Acres Art & Nature Park at the
Indianapolis Museum of Art. The pavilion is the result
of a studied relationship between building, land, and art.

The Standard, New York, New York, NY

Ennead Architects
The 18-story hotel straddles the High Line, a 75-year-
old elevated railroad line recently developed into a
new linear, public park. The two slabs of the building
are angled to further emphasize the buildings
distinction from the citys grid and its levitation above
the neighborhood. The building features sculptural
piers which raise the building 57 ft (17 m) off the street,
allowing traffic to pass below it and natural light to
reach the street. The Standard, New York, New York, NY

Concrete international March 2012 63

the headquarters for a nonprofit organization that assists
children and families exposed to violence. The campus is
split by an alley with the north site focusing on preschool
and early childhood services and the south site anchored
around a community center offering educational programs
and counseling services.
David Rubenstein Atrium at Lincoln Center, New
York, NY
Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects
This 7000 ft2 (650 m2) passageway serves as Lincoln
Centers public visitor facility. The atrium includes
cantilevered canopies, as well as 20 ft (6 m) high plant walls
and a fountain in the ceiling that drops thin streams of
water into a stone basin.
HyundaiCard Air Lounge, Incheon, South Korea
Gensler
In this unique airport lounge, two virtual skylights move
slowly through the color spectrum of the sky. Within the
constraint of a small envelope, reflective surfaces provide
visual relief while cove lighting plays up the ethereal
atmosphere of the space.
Integral House, Toronto, ON, Canada
Shim-Sutcliffe Architects
The project integrates many sustainable features into
the site and building. A field of vertical geothermal pipes
supplies heating and cooling for the entire project, including
the main concert hall. A centrally located lush green roof
is a visual feature from many parts of the project.
Integral House, Toronto, ON, Canada
64 March 2012 Concrete international
Vertical wooden fins provide sun shading from the exterior
and contribute to the acoustical performance of the
concert hall.
Joukowsky Institute for Archaeology & the Ancient
World, Rhode Island Hall, Providence, RI
Anmahian Winton Architects
This project, on the campus of Brown University,
restores Rhode Island Halls exterior and entirely
renovates its interior. Translucency of both glass
and wood creates varying levels of transparency and
daylight between program spaces. The project is part
of the Universitys ongoing renovation of historic
buildings and also demonstrates its commitment
to sustainabilityRhode Island Hall is the first
building at Brown to be certified LEED Gold for
New Construction.
Memory Temple, Los Angeles, CA
Patrick Tighe Architecture
The installation proposes a new structural materiality
through the use of renewable polyurethane foam. The
foam was used as a total building assembly: structure,
envelope, and acoustical barrier. Layers of closed-cell foam
(used structurally) and open-cell foam (used acoustically)
were combined to make up the wall assembly.
Prairie Management Group, Northbrook, IL
Goettsch Partners
Inserted into a single-story speculative office suite,
the 7500 ft2 (700 m2) facility is organized around three
compositional elements: a colonnade, full-height glass
screen walls, and a custom maple pavilion.
Record House Revisited, Owings Mill, MD
David Jameson Architect
Four decades after this project was featured in the
Architectural Record, the current owners revisited the house
with several alterations. A truss roof system allowed
interior walls to be eradicated, yielding floor to ceiling
window apertures. The original brick fireplace and
skylight ring at the center of the house is exposed and
left uninterrupted, allowing for additional connection
to the site.
The Wright at the Guggenheim Museum,
New York, NY
Andre Kikoski Architect, PLLC
The design solution references the buildings archi
tecturewhat Wright specifically called the primitive
initialwithout repeating it. In the process, underlying
architectural geometries were transformed into dynamic
spatial effects. The sculptural forms create a flared ceiling,
seating, an arced bar, and a communal table.
HNA Hardscape Project
Award Winners

T
he Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI),
along with the Brick Industry Association and National
Concrete Masonry Association, announced the
4th Annual Hardscape North America (HNA) Hardscape
Project Award winners in late 2011. The Hardscape Project
Awards recognize outstanding projects by contractors in
residential and commercial/industrial applications. Projects
include but are not limited to walkways, patios, driveways,
plazas, and parking lots. This years program received
84 entries. A total of 16 award winners were recognized in
categories of concrete paver, segmental retaining wall, clay
brick, and a combination of all hardscape products.
of flagstone and cobble-shaped and Holland pavers. Use of
permeable interlocking concrete pavers in all aspects of the
project contributed to LEED credits. The project also
included the use of white-colored pavers to outline spaces
in the parking lot, eliminating the need for line repainting.
Honorable Mention: Scottsdale Centre Renovation,
Scottsdale, AZ; Contractor: Re-Create Companies LLC
dba Paver Creations.

Commercial/Industrial Winners
Combination
1,000 20,000 Square Feet: Department of Environment
& Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC
Contractor: Fred Adams Paving Company, Inc.;
Manufacturer: Belgard Hardscapes
When constructing a new sidewalk, the North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR) chose to use concrete pavers due to their ease of
installation and removal. During construction of the
walkway, located adjacent to DENR headquarters in
downtown Raleigh, the use of pavers allowed for construction
around lighting fixtures, underground vaults, and various
other utility boxes. Pavers will also allow the City of Department of Environment & Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC
Raleigh to easily remove and replace the walkway for
purposes such as connecting utilities along sidewalks,
without requiring patching and paving after repairs.
Honorable Mention: Shawano County Park,
Shawano, WI; Contractor: Apple Valley Orchard & Nursery.

More than 20,000 Square Feet: Base Operations

Center, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado Springs, CO
Contractor: Rocky Mountain Hardscapes; Manufacturer:
Pavestone Company
The highlight of this project was a large compass rose,
providing visual interest and orientation for newcomers. Base Operations Center, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado
The details of the design were executed with varying colors Springs, CO

Concrete international march 2012 65

 Concrete paver
1,000 15,000 Square Feet: Northern Pines Greenery,
Minocqua, WI
Contractor: Jared Conover; Manufacturer: County
Materials Corporation
This patio anchors an outdoor display area for a
landscaping business and serves as an entertainment area
for customers and guests. The company emphasizes
custom work to enhance projects, which led to building a
custom fireplace and natural stone accents. Using no
drawings, but instead exploring the most effective
combinations on site, the project was completely designed
and installed by the owner of the landscaping business
and his staff. While most of the paving consists of tumbled
pavers, nontumbled units in a 45-degree angle define an
area rug in front of the fireplace.
Northern Pines Greenery, Minocqua, WI Honorable Mention: Ringling College of Art &
Design, Sarasota, FL; Contractor: Pat OHara Pavers.

More than 15,000 Square Feet: Tarrant County

College Trinity River East, Fort Worth, TX
Contractor: Chamberlin Roofing & Waterproofing;
Manufacturer: Pavestone Company
In this redesign project, plans were made to install a
large plaza and water feature at this downtown campus.
The fountain was created out of uniformly colored
pavers in varying sizes and shades of gray, placed without
a specific pattern to create a boardwalk look for the
plaza as a whole. The fountain also serves as a roof to
classrooms below it, requiring the use of several forms
of waterproofing underneath and between the pavers
to both keep the rooms dry and provide resistance to
Texas storms.
Honorable Mention: St. Andrews Cathedral, Grand
Rapids, MI; Contractor: Michigan Pavers & Walls, LLC.
Tarrant County College Trinity River East, Fort Worth, TX
Transportation/Municipal Street: Veterans Memorial,
Daytona Beach, FL
Contractor: Stone Age Pavers Inc.; Manufacturer: Hanson
This special project for the City of Daytona Beach is
a courtyard honoring those who served in the armed
forces. The landscape architect transformed a flat surface
to one suggesting three dimensions by doing an exact
layout of the circle and points of the star pattern using
careful saw-cutting.
Honorable Mention: New Orleans Superdomes
Champions Square, New Orleans, LA; Contractor:
LA Pavers.

Permeable interlocking concrete pavement (PICP)

Palmetto Bay Village Hall, Palmetto Bay, FL
Contractor: Oliva Brick; Manufacturer: Hanson Hardscapes
The Village of Palmetto Bays new municipal center
Veterans Memorial, Daytona Beach, FL was landscaped with 40,000 ft2 (3700 m2) of PICP to

66 march 2012 Concrete international


Palmetto Bay Village Hall, Palmetto Bay, FL
reduce costs while providing environmental benefits
through its ability to filter water. The designer selected
custom paver colors to surround the projects sculpture
in the main plazaa compass rose in the form of a
geometric palm. Other areas of the project include a
paved plaza lined with palms and areas suitable for
community events.
Honorable Mention: McCords Vancouver Toyota,
Vancouver, WA; Contractor: Eastern States Paving, Inc.
Segmental retaining wall
More than 5,000 Square Feet: Merriam Village,
Merriam, KS
Contractor: BC Hardscapes, LLC; Manufacturer: Midwest
Block and Brick
This project consists of five walls supporting municipal
and commercial buildings and a roadway. It features over
150,000 ft2 (14,000 m2) of columns, tiers, precast caps, steps,
and many other forms of modular block. The five walls
range in size from 30 to 60 ft (9 to 18 m), and support a
shopping center, a car dealership, a police station, several
parking lots, and a road running through the site. Adjacent
to the roadway, the walls serve both as a guardrail and as
decoration by providing space for landscaping.
Merriam Village, Merriam, KS
Texas DOT 130 Tollway Project, Austin, TX
Engineered SRW: Texas DOT 130 Tollway Project,
Austin, TX
Contractor: Boothe Brothers Paving; Manufacturer:
Pavestone Company
To retain the steep embankments on three bridges
along a section of the new SH 130 toll road, the Texas
Department of Transportation implemented a series of
terraced segmental retaining walls to make the slopes
manageable. They used a manufacturers three-piece
segmental retaining wall system in a color that both
complemented the accent color on the bridges and
mimicked the natural stone look of the Texas Hill Country.
The walls were installed in 12 different areas, each with
their own layout. The walls were also terraced to provide
space to plant native vegetation.
Clay brick
More than 15,000 Square Feet: Grand River Avenue
Streetscape, Farmington, MI; Contractor: Decra-Scape, Inc.
Permeable: The Plaza at Kenan Hall Flagler College,
St. Augustine, FL; Contractor: Paverscape Inc.
Honorable Mention: Gotts Court Parking Garden
and Plaza, Annapolis, MD; Contractor: Avon Corporation.
Concrete international march 2012 67
Residential Winners
Combination
4,000 Square Feet or less: Lowry Residence, Shawnee,
KS; Contractor: Ideal Lawn & Landscape.
Honorable Mention: Rowlands Residence, Warner
Robins, GA; Contractor: Livco Hardcsapes.
More than 4,000 Square Feet: Miller Residence,
Lone Tree, CO; Contractor: Rocky Mountain Hardscapes.
Honorable Mention: Gupta Residence, Potomac, MD;
Contractor: Kane Landscapes, Inc.
Concrete paver
3,000 Square Feet or less: Bradburn Residence,
Lebanon, PA; Contractor: Landis Hardscape Specialist.
Honorable Mention: Weist Residence, Linglestown, PA;
Contractor: Landis Hardscape Specialist.
Installation Company.
Honorable Mention: North Reading Pool Deck,
North Reading, MA; Contractor: Comak Brothers
Landscapings.
PICP
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68 march 2012 Concrete international

The New Fellows of ACI
Twenty-eight members will be awarded at the spring convention
A
t the ACI Spring 2012 Convention in Dallas, TX,
ACI will recognize 28 members who have been
honored with the rank of Fellow of the American
Concrete Institute (FACI). The new Fellows will be introduced
during the Opening Session and Awards Program on
March 18. The spring convention is scheduled for March 18-22
at the Hyatt Regency Dallas. More information on the
convention can be found at www.aciconvention.org.
As stated in the ACI bylaws, a Fellow is an individual
who has made outstanding contributions to the production
or use of concrete materials, products, and structures in the
areas of education, research, development, design, construction,
or management. The Fellows Nomination Committee
selects those to be considered for the award and then
forwards its recommendations to the Board of Direction for
final action at each fall meeting of the Board. Nominations
may come from the committee itself, local chapters, the
International Committee, or by petition signed by at least
five current ACI members.
The ACI Board of Direction approved the nominations
of this latest group of honorees at the ACI Fall 2011
Convention in Cincinnati, OH. Including the new honorees,
700 members have attained the rank of FACI, first established
by the Institute in 1973.
ACIs new Fellows are:
Emilio Beltranena has been the Technical Advisor at
the Cement and Concrete Institute of Guatemala in
Guatemala City since October 2006.
He is a founding member and Past President of the ACI
Guatemala Chapter; Head of the Guatemalan local sponsoring
group for ACI Certification Programs in Guatemala, which
now works with four ACI programs; and a member of
ACI 318-WA, International WorkshopStructural Concrete
in the Americas. He promoted the organization of five
ACI student chapters in Guatemala and has been promoting
the adoption and use of ACI and ASTM International
standards in Guatemala since 1954, especially as a Professor
of civil engineering at the University of San Carlos of
Guatemala for 30 years and at the Rafael Landivar University
of Guatemala for 15 years. He is also a member of
ASTM Committees C01, Cement; and C09, Concrete. He
has authored more than 100 technical papers and reports.
His research interests include the alkali-silica reaction of
cementitious materials-aggregate combinations, the
corrosion of concrete reinforcement, and the use of high-
performance/high-strength concrete.
ACIs Newest Fellows
As approved by the ACI Board of Direction at the
ACI Fall 2011 Convention in Cincinnati, OH, the
28 members elevated to the rank of Fellow of the
American Concrete Institute are:
Emilio Beltranena, Doral, FL
Michael Carey Brown, Charlottesville, VA
Kenneth J. Elwood, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Josef Farbiarz, Medelln, Colombia
Michael Christopher Forde, Edinburgh, UK
Shawn P. Gross, Villanova, PA
James H. Hanson, Terre Haute, IN
Jin-Keun Kim, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Sue Lane, Fairfax, VA
Zongjin Li, Hong Kong, China
Maria del Mar Lopez de Murphy, University Park, PA
Adolfo B. Matamoros, Lawrence, KS
Daniel J. McCarthy, Hauppauge, NY
Arthur W. McKinney, Ashland, VA
Javeed A. Munshi, Frederick, MD
Suzanne Dow Nakaki, Irvine, CA
Michelle R. Nokken, Montreal, QC, Canada
Michael J. Paul, Wilmington, DE
Victor Pizano-Thomen, Santo Domingo,
Dominican Republic
Santiago Pujol, West Lafayette, IN
D. V. Reddy, Boca Raton, FL
Christopher J. Robinson, Orlando, FL
George Michael Robinson, Rocky Mount, NC
Joseph C. Sanders, Pasadena, CA
J. Edward Sauter, Mount Vernon, IA
Martha G. VanGeem, Mount Prospect, IL
Nadim I. Wehbe, Brookings, SD
Jeffrey S. West, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Concrete international march 2012 69
Beltranena Brown Elwood Farbiarz Forde
Beltranena received his BS in civil engineering from the
University of San Carlos of Guatemala in 1955. He is a
licensed professional engineer in Guatemala.
Michael Carey Brown is an Associate Director at the
Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and
Research (VCTIR), the research division of the Virginia
Department of Transportation (VDOT), Charlottesville, VA,
where he has worked for the past 10 years and oversees
research in the design and durability of reinforced and
prestressed concrete structures. He also serves as a Visiting
Assistant Professor and an Adjunct Lecturer of civil and
environmental engineering at the University of Virginia.
He is Chair of ACI Committee 345, Concrete Bridge
Construction, Maintenance, and Repair, and is a member of
ACI Committees 222, Corrosion of Metals in Concrete; 228,
Nondestructive Testing of Concrete; 342, Evaluation of
Concrete Bridges and Bridge Elements; 365, Service Life
Prediction; and Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 343, Concrete
Bridge Design. He has authored or co-authored over
40 research papers or reports. He is also a member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and the ASCE
Structural Engineering Institute (SEI).
His research interests include the design and durability
of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures, with
particular emphasis on the preservation, maintenance, and
rehabilitation of highway bridges and structures.
Brown received his BS, MS, and PhD in civil engineering
from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,
Blacksburg, VA, in 1991, 1999, and 2002, respectively. He is a
licensed professional engineer in Virginia.
Kenneth J. Elwood is an Associate Professor at the
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
He is Chair of ACI Committee 369, Seismic Repair and
Rehabilitation, and a member of ACI Subcommittee 318-H,
Seismic Provisions, and Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 441,
Reinforced Concrete Columns. He received the ACI Chester
Paul Siess Award for Excellence in Structural Research
in 2007.
70 march 2012 Concrete international
His research interests include the seismic response of
existing concrete buildings.
Elwood received his BASc from the University of British
Columbia, his MS from the University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign, Urbana, IL; and his PhD in civil (structural)
engineering from the University of California, Berkeley,
Berkeley, CA, in 1993, 1995, and 2002, respectively.
Josef Farbiarz has been an Associate Professor and
Director of the Centre of Projects and Investigation on
Seismicity at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia at
Medelln, Medelln, Colombia, since 1993.
He is a member of ACI Committee 314, Simplified
Design of Concrete Buildings. He is the author of two
books and numerous research papers.
His research interests include structural inelastic analysis
modeling, structural and nonstructural masonry earthquake-
resistant behavior, and plastic design and behavior of
dual systems.
Farbiarz received his MS in civil engineering from the
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, in 1985.
Michael Christopher Forde holds the Carillion Chair
of Civil Engineering Construction at the University of
Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, where he has been a
faculty member for nearly 40 years.
He is Chair of ACI Committee 228, Nondestructive
Testing of Concrete.
His research interests include nondestructive testing of
concrete and other construction materials and high-speed
rail trackbed.
Forde received his BEng in civil engineering from the
University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England; his MSc in
highway and traffic engineering; and his PhD in geomechanics
from the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, in
1966, 1970, and 1975, respectively. He is a chartered civil
and electrical engineer in the UK.
Shawn P. Gross is an Associate Professor in the
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at
Gross Hanson Kim Lane Li
Villanova University, Villanova, PA. He has served on the
faculty since 1999 and is a member of the Structural
Engineering Group.
He is Chair of ACI Subcommittee 440-H, FRP-Reinforced
Concrete; Secretary of ACI Committee 435, Deflection of
Concrete Building Structures; Past Secretary and a member
of Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 423, Prestressed Concrete;
and a member of ACI Committees 363, High-Strength
Concrete; and 440, Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement.
He is also a member of the American Society of Civil
Engineers (ASCE).
His research interests include the behavior, analysis, and
design of structural concrete, especially the use of fiber-
reinforced polymers as internal structural reinforcement,
and the serviceability performance of reinforced and
prestressed concrete members. He has taught structural
design courses in reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete,
and masonry at both the undergraduate and graduate
levels for the past 13 years. He has authored or co-authored
over 50 technical and educational papers and reports and
has served as the primary research advisor to more than
20 graduate students.
Gross received his BSE in civil engineering from Tulane
University, New Orleans, LA, and his MSE and PhD in civil
engineering from the University of Texas at Austin, Austin,
TX, in 1993, 1995, and 1998, respectively.
James H. Hanson is an Assistant Professor of civil
engineering at the Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology in
Terre Haute, IN. He has been teaching for over 11 years,
including 2 years as a visiting faculty member at Bucknell
University, Lewisburg, PA.
He received the ACI Young Member Award for Professional
Achievement in 2006 and the ACI Walter P. Moore, Jr.
Faculty Achievement Award in 2007.
He is Chair of ACI Committee S802, Teaching Methods
and Educational Materials; Secretary of Joint ACI-ASCE
Committee 446, Fracture Mechanics of Concrete; and a
member of ACI Committee 440, Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
Reinforcement. He is also a member of the ACI Student
and Young Professional Activities (SYPAC), Convention,
and Publications Committees; the American Society of
Civil Engineers (ASCE); and ASTM International.
His research interests include measuring the fracture
properties of concrete and improving student learning
through innovative approaches to teaching.
Hanson received his BS in civil engineering from
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, in 1991. After 4 years in the
military, he returned to Cornell and received his MEng
and PhD in 1996 and 2000, respectively. He is a licensed
professional engineer in New York and Indiana.
Jin-Keun Kim has been a Professor in the Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),
Daejeon, Korea, since 1985.
He served as Secretary of the ACI Korea Chapter from
1988 to 1989. He served as an officer and later President of
the Korea Concrete Institute. He is also a member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and the
Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI). He has
authored or co-authored over 170 technical papers.
Kim received his BS and MS in architectural engineering
from Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, and his
PhD in civil engineering from Northwestern University,
Evanston, IL, in 1975, 1978, and 1985, respectively. He is a
licensed structural engineer in Korea.
Sue Lane is the Development and Outreach Engineer
of the Long-Term Bridge Performance Program for the
U.S. Department of Transportations Federal Highway
Administration.
She is a member of ACI Committee 239, Ultra-High
Performance Concrete, and Joint ACI-ASCE Committees 343,
Concrete Bridge Design, and 423, Prestressed Concrete.
She is also a member of the American Society of Civil
Engineers (ASCE) and the Precast/Prestressed Concrete
Institute (PCI). She has authored or co-authored over 25
technical papers and reports.
Lane received her MS and BS in civil engineering from
Concrete international march 2012 71
Lopez de Murphy Matamoros McCarthy McKinney
the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. She is a
licensed professional engineer in Virginia.
Zongjin Li is a Professor in the Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering at Hong Kong University of
Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China. He is the Chief
Scientist for Key National Basic Research Project #973: Basic
Study on Environmentally Friendly Contemporary Concrete.
He is founding President of the ACI China Chapter and
serves as the Director of the chapter Board. He has authored
or co-authored three technical books, including Advanced
Concrete Technology and Structural Renovation in Concrete.
He is an editorial board member for five international
journals. He has also edited two conference proceedings
and published over 300 technical papers. He was awarded
three U.S. and five Chinese patentsthree of which have
been developed into commercial products.
His research interests include the durability of concrete;
development of high-performance concrete; nondestructive
testing in civil engineering (acoustic emission, infrared, and
impact echo); development of advanced building products
using extrusion technique; and functional materials in civil
engineering.
Li received his BE from Zhejiang University, Hongzhou,
China, and his MS and PhD from Northwestern University,
Evanston, IL, in 1982, 1990, and 1993, respectively. He is a
licensed professional engineer in Hong Kong, China.
Maria del Mar Lopez de Murphy is an Associate
Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University, University
Park, PA, where she has been on the faculty since 2003.
She is a member of ACI Committees 440, Fiber-Reinforced
Polymer Reinforcement; and 544, Fiber-Reinforced Concrete,
and Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 446, Fracture Mechanics of
Concrete. She has served as Session Organizer and Chair at
national and international conferences and as a leader of
several ACI task group efforts. She is also a member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). She received
the National Science Foundation Faculty CAREER
72 march 2012 Concrete international
Munshi
Development Award and a Best Basic Research Paper
Award from ASCE.
Her research interests include nontraditional materials
and technologies for repair and retrofit systems and new
structures, specifically the use of fiber-reinforced polymer
sheets or plates for retrofitting concrete structures.
Lopez de Murphy received a civil engineering degree
and an advanced degree in structural engineering from
the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, in 1993 and
1995, respectively, and her MS and PhD in civil engineering
from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, in 1996
and 2000, respectively.
Adolfo B. Matamoros is an Associate Professor in the
Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental
Engineering at the University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS.
He is Chair of Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 408,
Development and Splicing of Deformed Bars, and ACI ad
hoc Committee 423-445, Shear/Anchorage Failure in End
Regions of Prestressed Members. He is a member of ACI
Committees 314, Simplified Design of Concrete Buildings;
341, Earthquake-Resistant Concrete Bridges; and 369,
Seismic Repair and Rehabilitation; ACI Subcommittee
314-B, Preliminary Design and Economic Impact; and Joint
ACI-ASCE Committees 441, Reinforced Concrete Columns;
and 445, Shear and Torsion. He has authored or co-authored
over 50 technical papers and reports.
His research interests include reinforced concrete
columns; high-strength concrete; seismic evaluation of
older reinforced concrete buildings; shear; and simulations
of the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete structures.
Matamoros received his licentiate from the University of
Costa Rica, San Pedro, Costa Rica, and his MS and PhD in
civil engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-
Champaign, Urbana, IL, in 1989, 1994, and 1999, respectively.
Daniel J. McCarthy is Vice President of Engineering
and Construction Performance at Preload, Inc., Hauppauge,
NY, where he has worked since 1996. He specializes in the
design and construction of large wire-wrapped prestressed
Nakaki Nokken Paul Pizano-Thomen Pujol
concrete tanks with dome roofs and their foundations. He
also supervises the structural evaluation and rehabilitation
design for aging prestressed tanksup to 70 years olda
specialty he has been involved in since 1982.
He is Chair of ACI Committee 372, Circular Concrete
Structures Prestressed by Wrapping with Wire or Strand,
and ACI Subcommittee 350-H, Editorial. He is a member
of ACI Committees 350, Environmental Engineering
Concrete Structures, and 437, Strength Evaluation; and
ACI Subcommittee 350-E, Precast-Prestressed. He has
authored or co-authored six technical papers.
McCarthy received his BS in civil engineering from the
University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, and his MS in civil
engineering from Columbia University, New York, NY, in
1981 and 1990, respectively. He is a licensed professional
engineer in 31 U.S. states.
Arthur W. McKinney is the Chairman of McKinney and
Company, a full-service planning, engineering, architecture,
testing, and construction firm he founded in 1979 with
offices in Virginia and the Republic of Panama. The firm
has a successful international practice in logistics centers,
manufacturing facilities, data centers, and laboratories.
McKinney introduced load-bearing tilt-up construction in
the Republic of Panama.
He is a Past Chair and member of ACI Committee 360,
Design of Slabs on Ground, and a member of ACI
Committees 117, Tolerances, and 302, Construction of
Concrete Floors, and ACI Subcommittee, 301-G, Shrinkage
Compensating Concrete and Industrial Floor Slabs. He
serves as a national instructor for the ACI seminar series on
Design and Construction of Slabs-on-Ground.
McKinney received his BS in architectural engineering from
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg,
VA, in 1965. He is a licensed professional engineer in
Virginia, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana,
Texas, and Utah and a licensed structural engineer in Illinois.
Javeed A. Munshi is Principal Engineer and Concrete
Design Technical Specialist at Bechtel Power, Frederick, MD.
He has over 20 years of experience in the design, evaluation,
and construction of concrete structures, including heavy
industrial (fossil and nuclear) power structures, bridges,
underground structures (tunnels), environmental concrete
structures, and renewable power projects.
He is a member of ACI Committees 307, Concrete
Chimneys; 314, Simplified Design of Concrete Buildings;
349, Concrete Nuclear Structures; 350, Environmental
Engineering Concrete Structures; 374, Performance-Based
Seismic Design of Concrete Buildings; and 437, Strength
Evaluation of Existing Concrete Structures. He is also a
member of the American Society of Civil Engineers
(ASCE). He has conducted concrete design seminars and
training for ACI, contributed to seven books/design aids for
concrete, and published over 60 papers.
Munshi received his BS in civil engineering from the
National Institute of Technology, India; his MS in
earthquake engineering from the Indian Institute of
Technology, Roorkee, India; and his PhD from the Illinois
Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, in 1984, 1989, and
1994, respectively. He is a licensed professional engineer
in New York and Wisconsin and a licensed structural
engineer in Illinois.
Suzanne Dow Nakaki is Principal of the Nakaki
Bashaw Group, Inc., Irvine, CA. She has been a practicing
structural engineer for over 30 years, with most of her
construction projects located in California. In addition, she
is involved in academic research programs, working with
research institutions nationwide.
She is a member of ACI Subcommittee 318-H, Seismic
Provisions. She is also involved with the Precast/Prestressed
Concrete Institute (PCI).
Her research interests include the seismic design of
precast and cast-in-place building structural systems.
Nakaki received her BS in engineering and her MS in
civil engineering from the University of California, Los
Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, in 1981 and 1985, respectively.
She is a licensed civil and structural engineer in California
and Oregon.
Concrete international march 2012 73
Reddy C. Robinson G. Robinson Sanders Sauter
Michelle R. Nokken is an Associate Professor in the
Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering
at Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, where she
has been a faculty member since 2004.
She is a member of ACI Committees S803, Faculty
Network Coordinating Committee; 201, Durability of
Concrete; 231, Properties of Concrete at Early Ages; and
236, Material Science of Concrete. She is a Past Vice
President and Board member of the ACI Ontario Chapter.
She is an Associate Editor for the ASCE Journal of
Materials of Civil Engineering and a member of
ASTM Committees C01, Cement; and C09, Concrete
and Concrete Aggregates.
Her research interests include concrete durability,
transport processes, and the development of test methods.
Nokken received her BASc and PhD in civil engineering
from the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, in
1999 and 2004, respectively. She is a professional engineer
in Ontario.
Michael J. Paul is Lead Structural Engineer at Duffield
Associates, Philadelphia, PA, and Wilmington, DE, where
he has been involved in structural, architectural, and
construction engineering on institutional, commercial,
industrial, and waterfront projects since 2005.
He is a Past Chair of Committee 124, Concrete Aesthetics,
for which he continues to edit the Notable Concrete
series produced for ACI conventions and excerpted in
Concrete International. He is a member of the ACI Marketing
Committee and ACI Committees 120, History of Concrete;
229, Controlled Low-Strength Materials; 230, Soil Cement;
533, Precast Panels; and 555, Concrete with Recycled
Materials. He is also a member of the American Society of
Civil Engineers (ASCE), serving on the editorial panel of
the Journal of Leadership and Management in Engineering,
and ASTM International, serving on Committee E06,
Performance of Buildings. He has contributed several
articles to Concrete International on projects involving the
renovation or restoration of historic concrete structures
and served on the editorial panel for both volumes of
74 march 2012 Concrete international
The Sustainable Concrete Guide, published in 2010 by the
U.S. Green Concrete Council.
He received his AB from Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH,
and his MS in civil engineering and MArch from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, in
1973 and 1981, respectively. He is a licensed professional
engineer in Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, and six
other states; a registered architect in New Jersey; and a
LEED Accredited Professional in building design and
construction.
Victor Pizano-Thomen heads a design-build precast
concrete factory in the Dominican Republic. Some of the
design-build activities he has executed include precast
prestressed concrete electrical transmission and electronic
antenna towers and precast concrete low-cost housing.
A member of ACI since 1958, he was a founding
member and Past President of the ACI Dominican Republic
Chapter. He has been a member of Joint ACI-ASCE
Committee 550, Precast Concrete Structures, since 1970. He
is also a member of the American Society of Civil Engi-
neers (ASCE). He has authored over 20 technical papers on
precast concrete structures and has made five presentations
at ACI conventions and numerous presentations in the
Dominican Republic and Mexico on the seismic design of
precast concrete structures.
Pizano-Thomen received his degree in civil engineering
from the University of Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo,
Dominican Republic, and his MCE in civil engineering
from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, in 1957 and
1958, respectively. He is a licensed civil engineer in the
Dominican Republic.
Santiago Pujol is an Associate Professor at Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN. He is a member of
ACI Committee 314, Simplified Design of Concrete
Buildings, and Joint ACI-ASCE Committees 441,
Reinforced Concrete Columns; and 445, Shear and Torsion.
His research interests include earthquake engineering,
seismic vulnerability of existing structures, displacement-
VanGeem Wehbe West
based seismic design, instrumentation and testing of
structures, and response of structures to impulsive loads.
Pujol received his BS from the Universidad Nacional de
Colombia at Medelln, Medelln, Colombia, and his MS and
PhD from Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, in 1996,
1997, and 2002, respectively.
D. V. Reddy is a Professor of civil, environmental and
geomatics engineering and Director of the Center for
Marine Structures and Geotechnique at Florida Atlantic
University, Boca Raton, FL. His professorial career exceeds
50 years, including appointments at several other universities.
He is a member of ACI Committees 214, Evaluation of
Results of Tests Used to Determine the Strength of Concrete;
341, Earthquake-Resistant Concrete Bridges; 544, Fiber-
Reinforced Concrete; and 549, Thin Reinforced Cementitious
Products and Ferrocement. He received the ACI Singapore
Chapter Award for an Outstanding and Original Paper in
2009. He is also a member of the American Society of Civil
Engineers (ASCE).
His research interests include computational and
experimental structural mechanics and geomechanics;
offshore and coastal structures; concrete technology, with a
focus on supplementary cementitious materials; and
corrosion- and fire-resistant structural concretes.
Reddy received his BE in civil engineering from the
University of Madras, Chennai, India; his Diploma of the
Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, UK;
his MS in civil engineering from Northwestern University,
Evanston, IL; and his PhD in structural engineering from
the University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, in 1953, 1954,
1956, and 1960, respectively.
Christopher J. Robinson is Executive Director of the
Construction Materials Engineering Council (CMEC), a
training and accreditation agency based in Orlando, FL.
He is Chair of ACI Committees C601-C, Masonry
Testing Technician; and C620, Laboratory Technician
Certification. He is a member of ACI Committees C610,
Field Technician Certification; C630, Construction Inspector
Certification; C631, Concrete Transportation Construction
Inspector Certification; and E905, Training Programs. He
serves as an examiner for ACI certification programs in
Florida and throughout the Caribbean. He is also a member
of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and
ASTM International and serves on ASTM Committees C09,
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates; C12, Mortars and
Grouts for Unit Masonry; C15, Manufactured Masonry
Units; and E36, Accreditation and Certification.
His research interests include training and certification
of testing personnel and working to ensure the continued
advancement of testing and inspection agencies in the areas
of quality system development and accreditation.
Robinson received his BS and MS in civil engineering
from the University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, in 1992
and 2000, respectively. He is a licensed professional engineer
in Florida.
George Michael Robinson has been eastern region
Territory Manager and Senior Technical Consultant for the
Carolina Stalite Company in Rocky Mount, NC, for 25 years.
He is a member of ACI Committees 117, Tolerances; 211,
Proportioning Concrete Mixtures; 213, Lightweight
Aggregate and Concrete; 301, Specifications for Concrete;
and 302, Construction of Concrete Floors.
His research interests include internal curing with
lightweight aggregate.
Robinson received his BA in business management from
Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, FL, in 1975.
Joseph C. Sanders is the Senior Vice President of
Operations for Charles Pankow Builders, Ltd., a general
building contractor specializing in concrete buildings based
in Pasadena, CA, with offices in San Francisco and Honolulu.
He serves on the ACI Board of Direction and the ACI
Strategic Development Council (SDC) Board of Directors.
He is Chair of the ACI Concrete Research Council (CRC),
the ACI Foundation, and the SDC Technology Management
Committee (TMC). He is a member of the SDC Technology
Transfer Advisory Group (TTAG); the ACI Construction
Concrete international march 2012 75
Liaison Committee, the Responsibility in Construction
Committee, and the Marketing Committee; ACI
Committee 131, Building Information Modeling of
Concrete Structures; and Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 550,
Precast Concrete Structures. He is also a member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). He was
involved in the development and application of the precast
hybrid moment resistant frame.
His research interests include new technologies.
Sanders received his BS in civil engineering from Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, in 1979.
J. Edward Sauter has been Executive Director of the
Tilt-Up Concrete Association and the Concrete Foundations
Association for 20 years.
He is Chair of ACI Subcommittee 332-E, Residential
Concrete Above-Grade Walls; is Secretary and Past Chair
of ACI Committee C650, Tilt-Up Constructor Certification;
is a member and Past Chair of ACI Committees 332,
Residential Concrete Work, and 551, Tilt-Up Concrete
Construction; and is a member of ACI Subcommittee 130-G,
Education/Certification. He received the ACI Delmar L.
Bloem Distinguished Service Award in 2005 and the
ACI Certification award in 2008.
Sauter received his BArch from Iowa State University,
Ames, IA, in 1972. He is a licensed professional architect in
Iowa and is National Council of Architectural Registration
Boards (NCARB) certified.
Martha G. VanGeem is self-employed as a Principal
Engineer of Building Science and Green Technologies,
Mount Prospect, IL. She serves as a Project Principal
Investigator and Specialized Consultant in the areas of
green buildings and infrastructure, energy efficiency, energy
codes, thermal mass, and moisture mitigation.
She has investigated moisture problems and performed
energy analyses and testing for numerous concrete steel-
and wood-framed buildings. In the area of sustainability,
she serves as Principal Investigator on LEED projects and
others; she has developed environmental life-cycle inventories
(LCIs) and life-cycle assessments (LCAs) of cement, concrete,
and other construction products.
She is a member of ACI Committees 130, Sustainability
of Concrete; and 207, Mass Concrete; and Joint ACI-TMS
Committees 122, Energy Efficiency of Concrete and
Masonry Systems; and 216, Fire Resistance and Fire
Protection of Structures. She is also a member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and ASTM
International. She presents on various aspects of green
buildings and has authored over 100 articles, technical
papers, and publications.
VanGeem received her BS in civil engineering from the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL,
and her MBA from the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL,
76 march 2012 Concrete international
in 1976 and 1981, respectively. She is a licensed professional
engineer in Illinois and a LEED Accredited Professional.
Nadim I. Wehbe is a Professor of civil and environmental
engineering at South Dakota State University (SDSU),
Brookings, SD, where he joined the faculty in January 1998.
He was instrumental in establishing the Lohr Structures
Laboratory for large-scale testing of structural elements
and assemblies at SDSU. He serves as the SDSU Program
Director of the Mountain-Plains Consortium University
Transportation Center.
He is Chair of Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 441, Reinforced
Concrete Columns, and a member of ACI Committees S803,
Faculty Network Coordinating Committee; 341, Earthquake-
Resistant Concrete Bridges; and 342, Evaluation of Concrete
Bridges and Bridge Elements. He is also a member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), a founding
member of the ASCE-SEI Technical Group in South
Dakota, and a member of the Precast/Prestressed Concrete
Institute (PCI).
His research interests include the performance of
concrete bridges under extreme loads, structural applications
of self-consolidating concrete, composite concrete/light-
gauge steel structures, and durability of concrete pavement.
Wehbe received his BE in civil engineering from the
American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, and his
MS and PhD in civil engineering from the University of
Nevada, Reno, NV, in 1980, 1992, and 1997, respectively.
He is a licensed professional engineer in South Dakota.
Jeffrey S. West is an Associate Professor and Associate
Chair of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering at the University of
Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. He is also the Associate
Director, Technical Activities, for the Centre for Pavement
and Transportation Technology (CPATT) at Waterloo. He
has been involved with structural engineering, materials
research, and consulting for 20 years.
He is Chair of ACI Committee 224, Cracking, and a
member of ACI Committees 130, Sustainability of Concrete;
222, Corrosion of Metals in Concrete; and 437, Strength
Evaluation of Existing Concrete Structures.
His research interests include the use of recycled materials
in concrete, accelerated bridge construction, assessment and
repair of deteriorated concrete infrastructure, and automated
construction progress tracking. He has authored more
than 60 technical publications for refereed journals, reports,
and conferences.
West received his BSc and MSc in civil engineering
from the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,
and his PhD in civil engineering from the University of
Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, in 1991, 1994, and 1999,
respectively. He is a licensed professional engineer in
Ontario and Texas (inactive).
Products &
Practice
Taper-Lock Form Saver
Dayton Superiors Taper-Lock Form Saver, a taper-
threaded mechanical splicing system, combines the
companys Dowel Bar, Dowel-In Splicing System, and
Taper-Lock technologies. The flanged coupling units in
this system are forged from ASTM A615 or ASTM A706
deformed reinforcing bar material and are available in
sizes No. 4 through 11 (13 to 36 mm). To install, the
flange is attached to formwork through any of the four
predrilled holes. Once the form has been removed, a
D370 Taper-Lock threaded bar can be manually screwed
into the coupling until tight.
Dayton Superior
www.daytonsuperior.com

Bosch Sandwich Tuckpointing Diamond Blade

Boschs new tuckpointing blades combine tall segments with an
efficient sandwich blade design to create a long-lasting blade that is
capable of grinding more surface area than other blades. These eight-
segment blades are made exclusively for dry tuckpointing applications
and come in 4.5 and 5 in. (115 and 125 mm) diameters. Each blade is
0.25 in. (6 mm) wide and cutting depths range from 0.75 in. (19 mm)
on the 4.5 in. blade to 1.25 in. (31 mm) on the 5 in. blade. Typical
applications include mortar removal in brick buildings and grout
removal in commercial tile applications.
Bosch Tools
www.boschtools.com

Dust Collecting Cutting Guards

Makita released two new dust extraction solutions for
use with their 4.5 to 5 in. (115 to 125 mm) grinders. The
new Dust Collecting Guards are engineered for improved
dust containment and use with commercial-grade
vacuum systems. The guard is made from cast aluminum,
weighing 0.45 lb (0.2 kg), and features a large lip for
stable plunging, a slim design for multiple uses, and a
direct-connection dust port for use with most commer-
cial vacuum hoses. A guard is also available with a large
shoe for greater stability and accuracy and includes a
hose adapter.
Makita
www.makitatools.com

Information on the items reported in Products & Practice is furnished by the product manufacturers, suppliers, or developers who are respon-
sible for the accuracy of the information. Also, the descriptions of these items do not represent endorsement by this magazine, by the American
Concrete Institute, or any of its staff. They are published here simply as a service to our readers.

Concrete international march 2012 77

Products & Practice

GWT Vibratory Weigh Scale Packers

GWT grid-top, vibratory weigh scale packers from Cleveland Vibrator Company provide a complete solution for
filling, weighing, compacting, and conveying containers of bulk solids with capacities as high as 4000 lb (1800 kg).
Available in mild or stainless steel, these packers mount below conveyor rollers, allowing containers to be transported
directly onto its grid top deck. The GWT packer is designed to eliminate the need to manually move containers as it
lifts each container to the appropriate height while running the needed vibration cycle. They are available in a range
of deck configurations and some models include digital scale instruments.
Cleveland Vibrator Company
www.clevelandvibrator.com

Pundit Lab+
Proceq launched Pundit Lab+ as the latest addition to the
Pundit family of concrete testing instruments. New features
have been added to expand the capabilities of the original
Pundit Lab. Pundit Lab+ includes compressive strength
measurement (in-place estimation) using various methods of
testing to increase accuracy; an integrated amplifier; a time
stamp on every measurement; results on display, without
needing a computer; and improved and extended transducer
range to include shear wave transducers for testing Poissons
ratio and modulus of elasticity. Pundit Lab+ also includes the
Windows-based Pundit Link software for added features
when using the equipment with a computer.
Proceq
www.proceq.com

Chicago Pneumatic Infrasense Combines Testing Equipment for

Tampers
Chicago Pneumatic Tampers
range in weight from 137 to 185 lb
(62 to 84 kg) and provide centrifugal
force from about 3000 to 4800 lb
(14.8 to 21.4 kN). Driven by Honda
engines, the MS 620 and MS 680
both offer power most often found
on larger machines. The MS 840, the
largest and strongest in Chicago
Pneumatics line, has the best
compaction ability and runs on a
Hatz diesel engine. All feature
interchangeable plates (9 in. [229 mm]
on the smaller models; 11 in. [280 mm]
on all others), a strong metal frame,
and efficient shock absorbers.
Chicago Pneumatic
www.cp.com
Better Results
Infrasense, Inc., completed subsurface investigations for
21 bridge decks in southwest Wisconsin using a suite of
nondestructive testing equipment, including ground-penetrating
radar (GPR), infrared thermography, and impact echo. The tests
provided a condition assessment of the reinforced concrete
bridge decks without requiring any cores or exposed reinforcing
bars and with minimal interruption of traffic flow. The company
uses GPR to estimate the depth of reinforcing bars and to
identify corrosiona strong reflection indicates good deck
condition, whereas weak or inconsistent reflections suggest
deterioration. Infrared data creates image that can confirm the
presence of delamination in decks without overlays and impact
echo testing can detect it in thicker concrete or where the
reinforcing bars are farther from the surface. Many agencies use
only one of these methods, but Infrasense has found that using
the combination leads to more accurate results.
Infrasense, Inc.
www.infrasense.com

78 march 2012 Concrete international

Products & Practice

James Instruments Launches Spanish Web Site

Web Notes James Instruments Inc., a leader in nondestructive testing equipment,
launched their Spanish-language Web site to accommodate their customers
and distributors in Latin America and other parts of the Spanish-speaking
world. The company launched a new site in 2010 as a step toward strengthening
its brand identity. Now, with the Spanish site, it aims to increase its brand
connections with Spanish-speaking customers and be able to provide its services
to professionals across Latin America in their native language. To access the Web
site, visit espanol.ndtjames.com.
James Instruments, Inc.
www.ndtjames.com

Book Notes Civil Engineers Handbook of Professional Practice

by Karen Lee Hansen and Kent E. Zenobia
To succeed and be competitive, civil engineers must build on their traditional
strengths in technology and science as well as skills in management, teamwork, ethics, leadership, and communication.
These skills have been defined as essential to the successful practice of civil engineering by the ASCE Body of Knowledge
(BOK) Task Force. Civil Engineers Handbook of Professional Practice takes the practical skills defined by the ASCE BOK
and provides techniques, quotes, case examples, problems, and information to assist the reader in addressing the challenges
facing civil engineers in the real world. This book is a complete guide for professional civil engineers, and students.
Coverage includes: the 24 skills necessary for the practice of civil engineering and defined by the 2008 ASCE BOK;
proven methods for balancing speed, quality, and price in a client-oriented profession; guidance on balancing career
goals, life outside work, compensation, and growth; hundreds of drawings, charts, and feature boxes; and a glossary and
instructors guide to assist with in-class use and instruction. The Civil Engineers Handbook of Professional Practice is
appropriate for both academia and industry professionals. Used as a textbook, it is intended for junior-, senior-, and
graduate-level students. Additionally, the book is a helpful reference for practicing civil engineers, covering everything
from the challenge of sustainability to the rigors of problem recognition and solving.
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Web site: www.wiley.com
price: $135; 744 pp.; ISBN: 9780470438411

Remontech Launches the Construction

Products&Service Industry Podcast
Literature&Videos
The Construction Industry Podcast, produced by Remontech, Inc., is
designed to provide valuable content to construction professionals
looking to enhance their careers or businesses. Episodes cover a range of
topics, including construction management, marketing, safety, green building, and education, along with insights from a
variety of customers, partners, and industry analysts and interviews on the latest trends in the construction sector. This is an
effort to share what Remontech has learned during 10 years of experience in the construction industry. Cesar Abeid, Project
Manager at Remontech, brings the audience fresh perspectives and tips, as well as opportunities for the listener to learn
about new technologies and ways to enhance their careers and businesses in the construction sector. The podcast can be
found at www.constructionindustrypodcast.com, where users can choose to listen to it online or download it to their
computer audio software or MP3 player. Listeners can also subscribe via iTunes, BlackBerry Podcasts, or by e-mail.
Remontech
www.remontech.com

Concrete international march 2012 79

Product
Showcase
Decorative Concrete
Products
AmeriPolish OS
The new AmeriPolish OS suite of products brings color and polish to self-leveling overlays. The system consists of five
products: AmeriPolish OS Integral Color, engineered for mixing into fast-curing polishable overlays; AmeriPolish OS
Dyes, in 12 colors, that penetrate into dense overlay surfaces; AmeriPolish OS Densifier, offering deep-penetration hardening
and containing UV stabilizers to protect color; AmeriPolish WB OS Stain Protector, to protect floors; and AmeriPolish OS
Cleaner, formulated to clean floors while maintaining gloss.
American Decorative Concrete
www.ameripolish.com

Nonadhesive Stencils
Artcretes nonadhesive concrete stencils create the look of stamped concrete
without the expense. When combined with the use of colored concrete hardener,
the stencil can be placed on fresh concrete, impressed into the surface, treated,
and then successfully removed. The stencils come in 21 designs and can also be
used with decorative concrete overlays; an adhesive-backed stencil is available for
use with trowel-applied coatings or when finishing a vertical surface.
Artcrete, Inc.
www.artcrete.com

Squeegee Trowel
Kraft Tool Co.s Squeegee Trowel comes in various blade sizes from 12 to 26 in. (300 to 660 mm) and features a
lightweight ergonomic handle. This tools flexible blade is ideal for smoothing coatings in new construction, overlays, and
concrete dcor or restoration.
Kraft Tool Co.
www.KraftTool.com

BELLATRIX
BELLATRIX concrete protection, from W.R. Meadows, is an
environmentally friendly, VOC-compliant floor sealer. Dual-action
technology provides both penetrating and film-forming concrete
protection and is designed for use on previously sealed, stained, or
dyed surfaces. BELLATRIX may also be used wherever a durable,
high-gloss surface is desired.
W.R. Meadows, Inc.
www.wrmeadows.com

80 March 2012 Concrete international

Product Showcase

LIFETIME Primer
LIFETIME Primer is a proprietary epoxy primer formulated
to wick deep into concrete, creating an adhesion bond to
protect overlayments from failures caused by moisture
vapor emission. The primer bonds to damp or dry concrete
and usually dries within 4 hours. LIFETIME can withstand
up to 8 lb (3.6 kg) of pressure from moisture vapor emission.
Versatile Building Products
www.decorativeconcretesystem.com

Duet Colors
Lythic Solutions Duet Colors can be combined with the companys Lythic Densifier to speed the process of
coloring and polishing concrete. Available in 25 colors, the water-based dyes are designed to be mixed with Lythic
Densifier to bond the color right into the concrete, making colors bolder and eliminating a step in concrete preparation.
Lythic Solutions, Inc.
www.lythic.net

Masons Select Products

Masons Select Products are ideal
for exterior surfaces and most are
made to resist stains. including dirt,
auto fluids, and hot-tire pickup.
Transparent Acrylic Concrete Stain
penetrates concrete to increase
performance and is available in
10 colors. Clear Acrylic Concrete
Sealers work well on bare concrete and
masonry, and can be used over acrylic-
and acid-based stains. Epoxacryl Solid
Color Concrete Stain offers the
durability of epoxy with the easy
application of latex and comes in five
colors that can be mixed. Decorative
Color Flakes/Chips can be used with
the Epoxacryl stain to enhance
concrete and come in three colors.
Duckback Products
www.superdeck.com

SpecChem Signature Sealers

SpecChem offers a wide line of protective coatings for concrete. Among them, Crystal Shine is a lacquer sealer developed
for interior and exterior applications, including decorative surfaces, that provides a durable clear film. Aqua Shine is a
water-based methacrylate cure and sealer for surfaces such as exposed aggregate, natural stone, brick, and other concrete
surfaces and offers high-gloss protection from deicing salts, oils, and chemicals.
SpecChem LLC
www.specchemllc.com

Concrete international March 2012 81

 American Society
of Concrete Contractors
Position Statement #39
Concrete Floor Slabs
on Cambered
Structural Steel
C
oncrete floors placed on metal decking are often
supported by unshored cambered structural steel
beams. The objectives of this steel-concrete system
are to obtain a level floor and a slab thickness within tolerances
as the fresh concrete is placed and screeded on the metal
decking supported by the cambered steel beams. To
accomplish these objectives requires the dead load deflection
of the concrete to offset the induced camber in the steel
beam. If these do not offset, the finished concrete floor
elevation may be too high or too low.
The economical use of cambered steel beams is considered
standard practice (Economical Use of Cambered Steel
Beams by Larson and Huzzard, AISC, Conference Proceedings,
2003) and requires the concrete contractor to place a
constant slab thickness, within tolerances, that provides the
dead load deflection to offset the design engineers specified
camber. However, there is no exact science for either
specifying or providing the required amount of camber.
Specifying Camber by Downey, AISC, Modern Steel
Construction, July 2006, and Economy in Steel, by Carter et
al., AISC, Modern Steel Construction, April 2000, include the
following guidelines for designers specifying camber in
steel beams:
Dont specify camber for spandrel beams, beams with
lengths less than 24 ft, or beams with cantilevers or
beams in moment frames.
Dont specify camber of less than 3/4 in.
Dont overspecify camber.
Consider specifying 2/3 to 3/4 of the calculated camber.
This position statement from the American Society
of Concrete Contractors is presented for reader interest
by the editors. The opinions expressed are not necessarily
those of the American Concrete Institute. Reader comment
is invited.
82 march 2012 Concrete international
AISC specifications indicate that a measured camber
ranging from 3/4 to 1-1/2 in. for a 40-ft-long beam is
acceptable if the construction documents specify a 1 in.
camber. Camber measurements are taken in the shop in the
unstressed condition and there is likely to be a loss in
camber, perhaps 25%, as a result of transporting the steel
from the shop to the site.
AISC states: All parties involved should meet and agree
upon the best approach for the project. Do not promise the
owner a perfectly flat floorcambering is not an exact
science. Even for a design executed perfectly, there will be
variations in floor elevation.
Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction
and Materials (ACI 117-10) and Commentary requires a
minus thickness tolerance of 1/4 in. and allows for a specified
flatness tolerance. It does not, however, include an
elevation or levelness tolerance. AISC states that for a
typical office building, it is preferable to have a small
amount of camber remain (about 1/2 in.) after placing
the slab to accommodate some superimposed dead load
and live load.
ASCC concrete contractors will place floors within the
ACI 117 slab thickness tolerance of 1/4 in. when the
engineer specifies cambered steel beams. ASCC contractors
agree with AISC that with cambered steel beams, even with
perfectly executed design and construction, there will be
variations in the floor elevation.
If you have any questions, contact your ASCC concrete
contractor or the ASCC Technical Hotline at (800) 331-0668.
American Society of Concrete Contractors
2025 S. Brentwood Blvd., Suite 105
St. Louis, MO 63144
Telephone: (314) 962-0210; Fax: (314) 968-4367
Web site: www.ascconline.org; E-mail: ascc@ascconline.org
Industry
Focus
First ICF Military Barracks
A Better House, Inc., won the bid to construct the first
insulated concrete form (ICF) military barracks at Fort
Campbell, KY. Contracted through Archer Western
Contractors Ltd., A Better House began their portion of
the project, the exterior, in September 2011. When
completed, the barracks will feature a three-story building
measuring 284 x 124 ft (87 x 38 m) and a two-story building
measuring 265 x 122 ft (81 x 37 m). This is the first building
designed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers using ICF,
which was chosen due to its strength and thickness,
allowing for safer barracks.
Haskell Completes Award-Winning
Parking Garage
The Haskell Company recently completed a parking
garage for the University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.
The 402,000 ft2 (37,300 m2) garage has 1326 parking
spaces and is designed to match the surrounding campus
buildings. Located near the universitys sports facilities, it
provides extra parking for the schools growing student
population, as well as saving the university money by
including storm- and water-management features. Haskell
received an Excellence in Construction Award for the
project from the Florida First Coast Chapter of Associated
Builders and Contractors in the Infrastructure Heavy
Category, an honor recognizing outstanding construction
projects around the U.S.
New Member of AltusGroup
International Precast Solutions LLC, from River
Rouge, MI, has become the 14th precaster to join Altus-
Group, a partnership between several precast companies and
Chomarat North America LLC. Insulated Precast
Solutions is a member of The Prestressed Group, a provider of
customized precast solutions across the northeastern U.S. and
into Canada. The company will be licensed to sell the Carbon-
Cast precast technology, which uses Chomarats C-GRID
carbon-fiber grid as secondary and shear reinforcing.
Leica Product Makes Top 50 List
Equipment Today magazine included the Leica Power
Digger 2D in its 2011 Contractors Top 50 Products list.
The list, which appeared in their September 2011 issue,
includes the latest and most up-to-date products on the
market. Leica Geosystems considers inclusion in the list
an honor and a testament to their commitment to developing
best-in-class products. The Leica PowerDigger 2D system
attaches to excavators and consists of three inclinometer
sensors that allow machine operators to see the position of
the excavator arm via in-cab display in real time, reducing
the need to check grade, which increases site safety and
decreases labor costs.
Three-Company BIM Agreement
Obayashi Corporation announced that it has signed
an agreement on the joint development of a BIM cloud-
computing platform with NEC Corporation and
GRAPHISOFT. The goal of the agreement is to provide
technology leadership for Obayashi through integrated
building information modeling workflows and company-
wide BIM-based information sharing. Obayashi has been
working on reforming the use of BIM among the design,
construction, and building operation functions within their
company, and using GRAPHISOFTs BIM Server technol-
ogy will help them achieve seamless information sharing.
Obayashi hopes that by implementing this technology on a
company-wide scale, they will allow their customers to have
easier and faster access to project information as well as
streamline communication for their employees.
Agile Frameworks Signs New Client for
New Software
Agile Frameworks, LLC, has signed Froehling &
Robertson, Inc. (F&R), as a new client for its MetaField
field information management system. F&R, of Richmond,
VA, chose the software after a lengthy search for a product
that did not exist until MetaField was released. They expect
it to decrease the amount of time it takes to perform tests
and distribute the results to their customers, as well as
ensure the accuracy of said tests. MetaField is designed for
engineering firms and their field techniciansthose
specializing in geotechnical, environmental, nondestructive
engineering, and construction materials testingto
perform on-site data collection and includes mobile
functionality to increase the speed of this process.
Upcoming
Themes
AprilRepair & Renovation
MayConcrete in Extreme Environments
JuneFormwork
For advertising details, contact Jeff Rhodes Phone:
(410) 584-8487 e-mail: concrete@networkmediapartners.com
Concrete international March 2012 83
Calls for
Papers
Reinforced Concrete
Columns with High-
Strength Concrete and
Steel Reinforcement
Meeting: Technical session on
Reinforced Concrete Columns with
High-Strength Concrete and Steel
Reinforcement at the ACI Fall 2012
Convention, October 21-25, 2012, in
Toronto, ON, Canada. ACI-ASCE
Committee 441, Reinforced Concrete
Columns, is the sponsor of this session.
Solicited: Practicing engineers
increasingly favor the use of high-
strength concrete and reinforcement
in their design. This is especially
true for high-rise building projects,
where the usable space can be
increased when column size is sig-
nifi cantly reduced in lower floors. Deadlines: Abstracts are due by
However, the use of very high-strength
materials is currently limited by
ACI and in many parts of the world,
specifically in high-seismic regions.
The main objective of this session
and special publication is to present
results from recent research studies
and examples of practical appli
cations and use of high-strength
concrete and steel reinforcement
in recent projects.
Requirements: Each speaker will
deliver a 20- to 30-minute presen
tation during the session. A special
publication is planned, so speakers
willing to author papers will be
given priority.
Deadlines: Abstracts are due by
March 6, 2012; final papers are due
by September 19, 2012.
Send to: Halil Sezen, Ohio State
University, telephone: (614) 292-1338,
e-mail: sezen.1@osu.edu.
Shrinkage-Compensating
ConcretePast, Present,
and Future
Meeting: Technical session on
Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete
Past, Present, and Future at the ACI
84 march 2012 Concrete international
Fall 2012 Convention, October 21-25,
2012, Toronto, ON, Canada; sponsored
by ACI Committee 223, Shrinkage-
Compensating Concrete.
Solicited: The goal of this session
is to provide a forum to discuss the
development, present use, and future
of shrinkage-compensating concrete.
Papers and presentations related to
the history, experimental findings,
and construction practices related to
shrinkage-compensating concrete are
invited. Each speaker will deliver a
20- to 30-minute presentation during
the session.
Requirements: 1) Presentation
title; 2) author/speaker name(s), title,
affiliation, and contact information;
and 3) abstract of 500 words maximum.
Ultra-High Performance Concrete;
March 12, 2012; final papers are due
by August 20, 2012.
Send to: Chris Ramseyer, Depart-
ment of Civil Engineering and
Environmental Science, University of
Oklahoma, 202 W. Boyd, Room 334,
Norman, OK 73019; telephone: (405)
406-2330; fax: (405) 325-4217; e-mail:
ramseyer@ou.edu.
Cement and Concrete
Technology in Africa
Meeting: International Conference
on Advances in Cement and Concrete
Technology in Africa (ACCTA 2013),
January 28-30, 2013, Johannesburg,
South Africa.
Solicited: Conference themes
will include, but are not limited
to, state-of-the-art of concrete
technology in developing countries,
characterization of cementitious
materials, innovative use of concrete
and high-performance concrete,
natural materials and innovative
technologies for construction,
durability and structural evaluation
of concrete structures, and concrete
technology for sustainability and
energy efficiency. More information
on conference topics can be found
at www.spin.bam.de/en/accta_2013/
index.htm.
Requirements: Interested presenters
are invited to send a 300-word abstract
by e-mail.
Deadline: Abstracts are due by
March 15, 2012.
Send to: Lubica Korac, Secretary,
e-mail: info-spin@bam.de.
UHPC Experience and
Developments
Meeting: Technical sessions on
UHPC Experience and Developments
at the ACI Fall 2012 Convention,
October 21-25, 2012, Toronto, ON,
Canada; sponsored by ACI Committees
234, Silica Fume in Concrete; 239,
and 363, High-Strength Concrete.
Solicited: 20-minute presentations
on the status of ultra-high performance
concrete (UHPC), use in practice,
experience, and future developments
are invited. The presentation topics
can include materials, design, exe
cution, and operation experience.
Discussions of innovative methods
for materials design, new component
materials, design of UHPC, and
construction are welcomed. Durability,
service life, and sustainability aspects
also can be covered.
Requirements: 1) Presentation
title; 2) author/speaker name(s), title,
affiliation, and contact information;
and 3) abstract of 200 words.
Deadline: Abstracts are due by
March 30, 2012.
Send to: Per Fidjestl, Elkem AS
Silicon Materials, e-mail: per.fidjestol@
elkem.no.
Engineering a
Concrete Future
Meeting: International Federation
for Structural Concrete (fib) Symposium,
April 22-24, 2013, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Solicited: The symposium theme
 Calls for Papers: Submission Guidelines
We recommend that notices of calls for papers be submitted to Concrete International at least 9 months
(or sooner) prior to the prospective sessions. This timetable generally allows publishing of the notification
in three issues of the magazine. Please send meeting information, papers/presentations being solicited,
abstract requirements, and deadline, along with full contact information to: Keith A. Tosolt, Managing

Calls for Papers

Editor, Concrete International, P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094; fax: (248) 848-3150;
e-mail: Keith.Tosolt@concrete.org. Visit www.callforpapers.concrete.org for more information.

is Engineering a Concrete Future:
Technology, Modeling, and Construc-
tion. Topics will include advanced
and innovative cementitious materials
and concrete, constitutive modeling
of cementitious and composite
materials, design concepts and struc-
tural modeling, punching and shear,
challenges in bridge engineering,
concrete structures under seismic and
extreme loads, pioneering structures
and construction methods, and struc
tural aspects of tunnel construction
and design.
Requirements: Submit abstracts
of up to 200 words via one of the links
at www.fib2013tel-aviv.co.il, either at
Important Dates or Call for Papers.
Deadline: Abstracts are due by
April 2, 2012.
Contact: Conference secretariat,
e-mail: fib2013@ortra.com.
Assessment and Upgrading
of Infrastructure
Meeting: International Associ
ation for Bridge and Structural Engi May 30, 2012.
neering Spring Conference, Assess-
ment, Upgrading, and Refurbishment
of Infrastructures, May 6-8, 2013,
Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Solicited: Conference themes
include load-carrying capacity and
remaining service life of bridges,
tunnels, and maritime structures;
assessment of structural condition;
modernization and refurbishment,
including change of use, transformation
or conservation, and structures
of historic and architectural value;
and materials and products.
Requirements: Submit abstracts
online at www.iabse2013rotterdam.
nl/abstracts.
Deadline: Abstracts are due by
April 15, 2012.
Contact: IABSE Spring Conference
2013, Kruisplein 40, 3012CC
Rotterdam, the Netherlands; telephone:
+(31) 6-53403276.
Analysis and Design
Issues in Liquid-
Containing Structures
Meeting: Technical session
on Analysis and Design Issues in
Liquid-Containing Structures at
the ACI Fall 2012 Convention,
October 21-25, 2012, in Toronto,
ON, Canada; sponsored by ACI
Committee 350, Environmental
Engineering Concrete Structures.
Solicited: Papers on the latest
analytical procedures, experimental
findings, and construction practice
issues related to liquid-containing
structures are invited. Topics will
include crack and leakage control
criteria under hydrostatic and seismic
loading, simplified and efficient design
procedures, design code-related issues,
and liquid-structure interaction effects.
Requirements: 1) Presentation
title; 2) author/speaker name(s), title,
affiliation, and contact information;
and 3) abstract of 500 words maximum.
Deadline: Abstracts are due by
functional, structural, construction-
Send to: Reza Kianoush, Ryerson
University, e-mail: kianoush@ryerson.ca.
International Conference
on Concrete Sustainability
Meeting: International Conference
on Concrete Sustainability (ICCS13),
May 27-29, 2013, Tokyo, Japan; organized
by the Japan Concrete Institute and
cosponsored by fib, ACI, and RILEM.
Solicited: The main conference
topics include environmental impact
reduction technologies; sustainability
aspects in durability; environmental
design, evaluation, and systems;
social and economic aspects of
concrete construction; and case
studies of sustainable concrete
materials and structures.
Requirements: Abstracts of 300 to
400 words are invited. More information
on submittal of abstracts can be found
at www.jci-iccs13.jp.
Deadlines: Abstracts are due by
May 31, 2012; full papers are due by
September 12, 2012.
Send to: iccs13@ics-inc.co.jp.
Notable Concrete in
Toronto and Vicinity
Document: Compendium of
notable concrete in Toronto and
vicinity for publication at the ACI Fall
2012 Convention in Toronto, ON,
Canada, October 21-25, 2012; compiled
by ACI Committee 124, Concrete
Aesthetics, and cosponsored by the
ACI Ontario Chapter. Document will
also be available as an electronic file
on the ACI Web site.
Solicited: Image and brief descrip-
tion of notable concretecast-in-place,
precast, post-tensioned, masonry, or
tilt-upin all types of uses: buildings,
monuments, pavement, silos, bridges,
crypts, furniture, retaining walls, tanks,
sculpture, culverts, plazas, and whatever
else has caught your attention. Signifi-
cance may be historical, aesthetic,
related, unusual use or application, or
simply personal affection.
Requirements: 1) Name and
location of submission; 2) image
(photograph, drawing, or sketch) that
is not copyrighted; 3) brief description
that establishes significance and lists
credits; and 4) submitters name, title,
organization, and contact inform
ation. Location information should be
sufficient to enable discovery by reader.
Submit all information in electronic
format: image as JPEG or TIFF file at
least 1 MB (but no more than 4 MB);
text in e-mail or as MS Word document
(100 words maximum).
Deadline: Submissions are due by
July 1, 2012.
Send to: Michael J. Paul, Duffield
Associates, 211 North 13th Street,
Suite 704, Philadelphia, PA 19107;
telephone: (215) 545-7295; e-mail:
mpaul@duffnet.com.

Concrete international march 2012 85

Public
Discussion
No ACI draft standards are currently open for public discussion. To see a summary of all ACI draft standards in
process or recently completed, please visit the ACI Web site at www.discussion.concrete.org.

Public Discussion and Closure of Specification for Latex-Modified Concrete

Overlays (ACI 548.4)
The ACI Technical Activities Committee (TAC) approved the draft standard subject to satisfactory committee response
to TAC comments in March 2010. The committee responded adequately to TACs comments and all balloting rules were
adhered to. On August 17, 2010, the Standards Board granted approval to release the draft standard for public discussion
and to process it as an ACI standard. Public discussion was announced on October 1, 2010, and closed on November 17,
2010. The committee responded to the public discussion. TAC reviewed the closure and approved it on July 13, 2011. The
Standards Board approved publication of the ACI standard on December 13, 2011.
The public discussion and the committees response to the discussion are available on ACIs Web site, www.concrete.org
(click on Technical on the menu bar, and then on Upcoming Standards).

Public Discussion and Closure of Code Requirements for Design and Construction
of Concrete Structures for the Containment of Refrigerated Liquefied Gases
(ACI 376-10) and Commentary
The ACI Technical Activities Committee (TAC) approved the draft standard subject to satisfactory committee response
to TAC comments in March 2009. The committee responded adequately to TACs comments and all balloting rules were
adhered to. On February 17, 2010, the Standards Board granted approval to release the draft standard for public discussion
and to process it as an ACI standard. Public discussion was announced on March 1, 2010, and closed on March 17, 2010.
The committee responded to the public discussion. TAC reviewed the closure and approved it on October 26, 2011. The
Standards Board approved publication of the ACI standard on November 28, 2011.
The public discussion and the committees response to the discussion are available on ACIs Web site, www.concrete.org
(click on Technical on the menu bar, and then on Upcoming Standards).

Earn CEUs from the comfort and privacy

of your home, office, or anywhere!
ACI offers an easy-to-use online CEU program for anyone that needs to earn Continuing Education credits.
ACI members can take up to eight courses FREE of charge per membership year. Nonmembers and members that
have used all of their free courses can purchase courses for $25. Each course includes a 10-question exam.
Participants must register and login to the ACI Web site. Once registered, users can download and study resource
materials that the exams are keyed to. After the exam is passed, ACI issues a certificate of completion for presentation
to local licensing agencies.
Check it out now! For details go to: www.concrete.org/education/edu_online_CEU.htm
The following are some of the courses that have recently been added to the program:
The Contractors Guide to Quality Concrete Construction, Chapter 8, Joints and Reinforcement for Slabs-on-Ground;
The Contractors Guide to Quality Concrete Construction, Chapter 10, Concrete Placement and Finishing; and
SP-4 Formwork for Concrete, Chapter 10, Using the Forms.
In addition, the program includes courses on the following topics:
Cracking; Aggregates; Admixtures; Test Reports;
Slabs; Reinforcement; Repair; Shotcrete; and
Foundations; Cementitious materials; Shoring; Formwork.

86 march 2012 Concrete international

Sinopsis en espaol

Concrete international march 2012 87

 Bookshelf
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Whats
New
2012 Manual of Concrete Practice (MCP) Permeable Interlocking Concrete
The American Concrete Institutes 2012 Manual of Pavements Manual (PICP)
Concrete Practice contains 220 ACI committee standards and Published by Interlocking Concrete Pavement
reports. ACIs Manual of Concrete Practice is the most Association
comprehensive concrete reference set available. It contains With over 60 color illustrations, figures, and tables, this
all of the widely used ACI concrete and masonry code updated fourth edition (published in 2011) draws from a
requirements, specifications, guides, and reports. Additionally, wealth of current permeable pavement research on storm-
it includes information about code requirements, deflection, water management, structural design, and performance.
cracking, durability problems, temperature control, The manual is a key resource for design professionals, plus
nondestructive testing, and hundreds of other topics. stormwater and transportation government agency staff
A complete listing of publications included in the 2012 who support low-impact development and green streets/
edition and additional optional formats, including online infrastructure using permeable pavement. The edition is
subscription, multi-user license, and more is available at divided into five chapters: Overview; Design Contexts,
www.concrete.org or by calling (248) 848-3800. Overview and Guidelines; PICP Design; Construction; and
Maintenance. Considerable discussion and research references
Format Order Code Price are drawn upon regarding surface infiltration rates, especially
Manual of Concrete when sediment enters the stone-filled joins/openings.
$799.50 Order Code: PICP.CI
Practice, 7-volume MCP12PACK.CI
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set + index Pages: 92
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$1185.50
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(ACI members $711.00)
and CD-ROM

Whats
Coming
Spring 2012

Guide to a Simplified Design for Reinforced Discover YOUR Opportunity.

Concrete BuildingsACI 314R-11 Whether you are looking for a
new job or just want to keep an
Report on Grouting Between Foundations eye on whats out there, the ACI
POST RESUME FOR FREE

and Bases for Support of Equipment and Career Center offers promising GAIN MORE EXPOSURE
MachineryACI 351.1R-12 positions in your industry. With
hundreds of employers looking EXPAND JOB SEARCH

Guide for Design of Slab-Column to find qualified candidates, post

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Connections in Monolithic Concrete your resume today on the ACI

StructuresACI 352.1R-11 Career Center!

Guide for Precast Concrete Wall Panels

ACI 533R-11
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Guide to Design, Manufacture, and
Installation of Concrete PilesACI 543R-12
ACIsCareerCenter
Concrete international march 2012 89
Meetings
2012 29-31 7-9
Structures Congress 2012, IABSE Conference, Cairo, Egypt
Chicago, IL www.iabse-cairo2012.com
March content.asce.org/conferences/
5-6 structures2012 7-10
10th International Conference 2012 International Concrete
on Multi-Purpose High-Rise April Sustainability Conference, Seattle, WA
Towers and Tall Buildings, Abu 10-12 www.concretetechnologyforum.
Dhabi, UAE Bridgelife 2012, Ottawa, ON, org/seattle
www.ifhs2012.com Canada
www.bridgelife.ca 8-9
6-8 Chemspec USA, Philadelphia, PA
2012 CUEE Conference, Tokyo, 10-13 www.chemspecevents.com/usa
Japan EERI 2012 Annual Meeting and
www.cuee.titech.ac.jp/Conference_ National Earthquake Conference, 13-17
2012/index.htm Nashville, TN IEEE-IAS/PCA Cement Industry
2012am.eeri.org Technical Conference, San Antonio, TX
7-9 www.ieeepcaconference.org
International Symposium on 11-13
Ultra-High-Performance Concrete International Conference on 20-22
and Nanotechnology for High- Microdurability of Cementitious 4th International Symposium on
Performance Construction Materials, Composites, Amsterdam, the Nanotechnology in Construction,
Kassel, Germany Netherlands Agios Nikolaos, Greece
www.hipermat.de microdurability.tudelft.nl/ NICOM4.civil.duth.gr
Introduction.php
8-10 20-25
The 2nd International Conference 18-20 International Conference on
on Rehabilitation and Maintenance ICRI 2012 Spring Convention, Alkali-Aggregate Reactions in
in Civil Engineering, Surakarta, Quebec, QC, Canada Concrete (ICAAR), Austin, TX
Indonesia www.icri.org www.icaar2012.org
sipil.uns.ac.id/icrmce02/index_qa.php
May June
11-15 6-8 10-13
NACE Corrosion Conference 2012 PTI Convention, Nashville, TN 29th Annual International
2012, Salt Lake City, UT www.post-tensioning.org/annual_ Bridge Conference, Pittsburgh, PA
events.nace.org/conferences/c2012 conference.php www.eswp.com/bridge

11-14
fib Symposium: Concrete
Upcoming ACI Conventions Structures for Sustainable
2012 March 18-22, Hyatt Regency, Dallas, TX. Community, Stockholm, Sweden
2012 October 21-25, Sheraton Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. www.fibstockholm2012.se
2013 April 14-17, Hilton & Convention Center, Minneapolis, MN.
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90 march 2012 Concrete international

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Bulletin
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PROFESSIONAL SERVICES

Classified
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92 march 2012 Concrete international

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Concrete international march 2012 93

Concrete
Q&A
Anchors for Structures in
Seismic Regions
Q.
My firm designs structures throughout the U.S.,
and our engineers need to apply the seismic
design requirements provided in ACI 318
Appendix D1. Do you have a design aid that would help us
quickly locate the relevant provisions under various
circumstances?
A.
ACI 318 Appendix D applies to cast-in anchors
and post-installed expansion, undercut, and
adhesive anchors. Per D.3.3.1, anchors in struc-
tures assigned to Seismic Design Category (SDC) C, D, E, or
F are subject to the requirements of D.3.3.2 through D.3.3.7
as follows:
Anchors subjected to earthquake forces should not be
located in plastic hinge zones of concrete structures
(D.3.3.2); and
Post-installed expansion and undercut anchors must be
qualified for earthquake loading in accordance with
ACI 355.22 and post-installed adhesive anchors must be
qualified for earthquake loading in accordance with
ACI 355.43 (D.3.3.3).
In all cases, the connections tensile and shear design
strength must equal or exceed the required strength
determined from applicable load combinations. There are
additional requirements for anchoring to concrete in
structures assigned to SDC C, D, E, or F (D.3.3.4 and
D.3.3.5).
The additional tension and shear requirements for
anchoring to concrete in structures assigned to SDC C, D, E
or F are summarized in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.
To use either table, begin with the structure SDC in the
left column, and then determine whether additional
seismic requirements apply. If so, select which option to
satisfy and review the requirements to the right. Where
additional seismic requirements apply, Appendix D permits
four options for tension loads and three for shear:
In Option 1 (available for tension only), anchor ductility
is imposed at strength-level earthquake forces.
94 MArch 2012 Concrete international
In
Option 2, anchors are designed for the expected yield
strength of the attachment.
In Option 3, the anchors are designed for the maximum
force that a nonyielding attachment can deliver.
In Option 4, the anchors are designed for overstrength-
level earthquake forces.
Anchors subject to both tension and shear loading must
satisfy the interaction requirements of D.7 (D.3.3.6). Where
anchor reinforcement is used to preclude concrete breakout
in tension or shear, restrictions on the reinforcement types
and grade apply (D.3.3.7).
References
1. ACI Committee 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary, American Concrete Institute,
Farmington Hills, MI, 2011, 503 pp.
2. ACI Committee 355, Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical
Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.2-07) and Commentary, American
Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2007, 35 pp.
3. ACI Committee 355, Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive
Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.4-11) and Commentary, American
Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2011, 55 pp.
Thanks to John F. Silva of Hilti North America for reviewing the
information presented in this Q&A.
Questions in this column were asked by users of ACI documents
and have been answered by ACI staff or by a member or members
of ACI technical committees. The answers do not represent the
official position of an ACI committee. Only a published committee
document represents the formal consensus of the committee and
the Institute.
We invite comment on any of the questions and answers published
in this column. Write to the Editor, Concrete International, 38800
Country Club Drive, Farmington Hills, MI 48331; contact us by fax at
(248) 848-3701; or e-mail Rex.Donahey@concrete.org.
Concrete Q&A
Table 1:
Anchors resisting tension forces
Options to
Seismic satisfy
portion of additional
required seismic Other
SDC strength requirements Required strength Design strength requirements
Not Nsa (D.5.1);
A or B Not applicable U = 1.2D + 1.0E
applicable Ncb (D.5.2) or Nn (D.5.2.9);
+ 1.0L + 0.2S
Npn (D.5.3); Ductile and brittle
Eq. (9-5)
No additional Nsb (D.5.4); anchor materials
E 0.2U
seismic Na (D.5.5) are allowed.
(D.3.3.4.1) U = 0.9D +1.0E
requirements
Eq. (9-7)
In all cases: factor per D.4.3

Only ductile anchor

Nsa (D.5.1); elements are
0.75Ncb (D.5.2) or allowed.
Nn (D.3.3.4.5 and D.5.2.9);
U = 1.2D + 1.0E
0.75Npn (D.5.3); Anchor stretch
Option 1 + 1.0L + 0.2S
0.75Nsb (D.5.4); length and
Ductile anchor Eq. (9-5)
0.75Na (D.5.5) additional material
connection
and/or geometry
(D.3.3.4.3(a)) U = 0.9D + 1.0E
In all cases: requirements apply.
Eq. (9-7)
N(cb,pn,sb,a)max > 1.2Nsa (D.3.3.4.3);
0.75 factor per D.3.3.4.4; and If used, anchor
factor per D.4.3 reinforcement per
C, D, E, D.3.3.7.
or F Maximum tension
transmitted by a
E > 0.2U
Option 2 ductile attachment,
(D.3.3.4.2)
Ductile considering strain
attachment hardening and Nsa (D.5.1);
(D.3.3.4.3(b)) material overstrength 0.75Ncb (D.5.2) or
(refer to RD.3.3.4.3 for Ductile and brittle
Nn (D.3.3.4.5 and D.5.2.9);
guidance). anchor materials
0.75Npn (D.5.3);
are allowed.
Option 3 Maximum tension 0.75Nsb (D.5.4);
Nonyielding transmitted by a 0.75Na (D.5.5)
If used, anchor
attachment nonyielding
reinforcement per
(D.3.3.4.3(c)) attachment. In all cases:
D.3.3.7.
U = 1.2D + o(1.0E) 0.75 factor per D.3.3.4.4; and
Option 4 + 1.0L + 0.2S factor per D.4.3
Overstrength Eq. (9-5)
forces
(D.3.3.4.3(d)) U = 0.9D + o(1.0E)
Eq. (9-7)

Concrete international MArch 2012 95

Concrete Q&A

Table 2:
Anchors resisting shear forces
Options to
Seismic satisfy
portion of additional
required seismic Other
SDC strength requirements Required strength Design strength requirements
Not Not Vsa (D.6.1);
A or B U = 1.2D + 1.0E
applicable applicable Vcb (D.6.2) or
+ 1.0L + 0.2S
Vn (D.6.2.9); Ductile and brittle
Eq. (9-5)
No additional Vcp (D.6.3) anchor materials
E 0.2U
seismic are allowed.
(D.3.3.5.1) U = 0.9D + 1.0E
requirements In all cases:
Eq. (9-7)
factor per D.4.3
Maximum shear
Option 2
transmitted by a ductile
Ductile
attachment, considering Ductile and brittle
attachment
strain hardening and anchor materials
(D.3.3.5.3(a))
C, D, E, material overstrength. Vsa (D.6.1); are allowed.
or F Option 3 Maximum shear Vcb (D.6.2) or
Nonyielding transmitted by a non- Vn (D.3.3.5.4 and D.6.2.9); Attachment yields
E > 0.2U
attachment yielding attachment (refer Vcp (D.6.3) before anchor
(D.3.3.5.2)
(D.3.3.5.3(b)) to RD.3.3.5 for guidance). failure.
U = 1.2D + o(1.0E) In all cases:
Option 4 + 1.0L + 0.2S factor per D.4.3 If used, anchor
Overstrength Eq. (9-5) reinforcement per
forces D.3.3.7.
(D.3.3.5.3(c)) U = 0.9D + o(1.0E)
Eq. (9-7)

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