KeBoroLabhoban WWW - Peacelibrary.wapka PDF

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gvevBj: 01717-088967
2 K eo jvfevb
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Avyi ivh&hvK web BDmyd
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bI`vcvov, cvt mcyiv
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deqvix 2006 Cmvqx
gvN 1412 ev
wZxq msiY :
gynviig 1433 wnRix
wWmî 2011 Cmvqx
cl 1418 ev
[jLK KZK me^Z msiwZ]
KwDUvi KvR :
Zev KwDUvi
bI`vcvov, cvt mcyiv, ivRkvnx|
gvevBj : 01717-088967|
wbavwiZ g~j : 50.00 (cvk) UvKv gv|
K BORO LAVOBAN
Written & Published by Abdur Razzaque bin Yusuf,
Muhaddis, Al-Markazul Islami As-Salafi, Nawdapara, P.O.
Spura, P.S. Shahmakhdum, Rajshahi. Mobile: 01717088967.
Fixed Price : Tk. 50.00 Only.
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nZ mi nvhvi jvKK webv wnmve RvbvZ cek Kiveb Ges Zvì Dci
Kvb AvhveI ne bv| Avevi D cZK nvhvii mv_ mi nvhvi Ges Avgvi
cwZcvjKi Aviv wZb Awj fwZ jvK RvbvZ wèb (Avngv`, wZiwghx, Beby
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wbeb| AZtci ejeb, AvwgB Avmvgvb-hgxb mg~n I Ab me wKQyi GKgv
K eo jvfevb 13
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wZwb cwe I AbK Ea (hygvi 77)| G AvqvZ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Avjvni gyw
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K eo jvfevb 15
Rvixi Beby Ave`yjvn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, AwPiB Zvgiv
Zvgvì cwZcvjKK wbwZfve ^P cKvk `LZ cve| Ab GK eYbvq
AvQ, Rvixi (ivt) ejb, Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi KvQ emwQjvg| wZwb c~wYgvi
ivZ Puvì w`K ZvwKq ejjb, Zvgiv AwPiB Zvgvì cwZcvjKK `LZ
cve, hgb Zvgiv GB Puv`K `LZ cvQ| AvjvnK `LZ Zvgiv Kvb
cKvi evavcv ne bv (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5655, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/5412)| A
nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, AvjvnK PvL `LZ cvIqv hve|
DjL h, eo jvfevb nIqi wZbwU Dcvq DjL Kiv nqQ| Zba GKwU
nQ Avjvni cwZ Cgvb Avbv| Avi Cgvbi Rb Avjvni AwZK gb bqv
AvekK| AvjvnK wbivKvi ej Avjvni cwZ Cgvb Gb ekx ekx Avgj
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G wekvm cvlY Ki Avjvni cwZ Cgvb Gb ekx ekx Avgj KiI eo jvfevb
nIqv hve bv| GRb Avjvni cwZ Cgvb Avbvi A_ nQ Zuvi AwZK ^xKvi
Kiv Ges wZwb wbivKvi I me weivRgvb GB wekvmK cwiZvM Kiv| Avi
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cvjbxq wbqg-cwZ wbaviY Ki w`qQb| Avgiv Zuvi GB mKj wbqg-cwZi
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Kib, meB mwVK Ges mwi gji Rb Kib| Abvq-AwePvi ZLbB nq hLb
KD Abi ivR, Abi AwaKvi nc Ki| Avi wZwb hv Kib, Zv wbRi
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16 K eo jvfevb
DchvMx Ges mUvB Zvi Rb gj| wZwb hvK hv `b, mUv Zuvi AbyMn| KviY
Kvb wKQyB Zuvi Rb Aek KZe bq| wZwb bvni kvw I bKxi cwZ`vb
`b| wK GZ wZwb eva bb| gvbyl Gfve AvjvnK wekvm Ki mr Avgj
Kij eo jvfevb ne BbkvAvjvn| Gic wekvmi dj wekvmx ewi c~Y Rxeb
Avjvni Kygi Aaxb nq hvq| m KLbI Avjvni Kzgi wecixZ wKQy KiZ
cvi bv| hvi Cgvb Gic bq, Zvi Cgvb mK mw`nvb nIqvB DwPZ|
gvjvBKv ev wdwikZvi cwZ Cgvb :

gvjvBKvMYi cwZ Gfve Cgvb AvbZ ne h Zviv Avjvni RMZmg~ni ga
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Zvi bvg wKZve| wKZvei cwZ Gfve Cgvb AvbZ ne h, GmKj wKZve hv
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bex-ivm~jMYi cwZ Cgvb :
K eo jvfevb 17
ivm~j ki A_ cwiZ| kixAvZi cwifvlvq whwb Avjvni ev`vì n`vqvZi
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Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi ev`vì n`vqvZi Rb A_vr Zvì Rxeb-hvcbi
evcvi Avjvn gbvbxZ cv ejvi Rb Ges nvZ-Kjg wkv èvi Rb hyM
hyM Avjvn KZK cwiZ nqQb| gynvv` (Qvt) Zvì ga mek I mekl
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18 K eo jvfevb
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gv Kiv nqQ| Zv mI wZwb w`b 70 eviiI ekx Avjvni KvQ gv
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Avgvi ev`vMY! Zvgvì cZKB bM ev enxb wK Avwg hvK cwiavb
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jvKìK wRm KiZ _vKj| GK ew ejj, AgyK Mvg hvI, AgyKK
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cii SMov KiZ jvMj, Kviv Zvi in wbq hve| Gmgq Avjvn ZvAvjv H
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Avv iqQ! hw` Zvgiv bvn bv KiZ Avjvn Zvgvì mwiq w`Zb Ges
Ggb GK RvwZK mw KiZb hviv bvn Ki Avjvni wbKU gv cv_bv KiZ|
20 K eo jvfevb
Avi Avjvn ZvìK gv Ki w`Zb (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2328; evsjv wgkKvZ
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AbyZ nq ZIev Ki gv Pvq Avjvn Zvi ZIev Keyj Kib Ges ZvK gv
Ki `b (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2330; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2223)|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. 1 * d, c -( ;
Q67 t: c j . 0"> # 9
<9 Q.0"> t: c j 6 7 # 9
<9 d(D
@0 u $ i > T 7U& D d>
Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn
ZvAvjv ^xq nvZ cmvwiZ Kib, hvZ w`bi bvnMvi hviv Zviv ZIev Ki|
Avevi w`bi ejvq nvZ cmvwiZ Kib hvZ ivZi bvnMvi ewiv ZIev
Ki| Gfve wZwb gvi nvZ cmvwiZ KiZ _vKeb cwg w`K m~h Dw`Z
nIqv ch (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2329; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2221)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj
wKqvgZi c~e ch h Kvb Acivax w`b I ivZ Avjvni wbKU gv PvBZ
cvi, Zvnj m wbwZ gv cve| KviY Avjvn ZvAvjv gvi nvZ cmvwiZ
Ki iLQb|
~ . <D "L. Z [ "9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
c ; # 9 Z C 9 Q ` 6 7 w 7r d(C<9 Q#L t $ > d( qs 7(( 6 B d(D
@! ( & k(5( c
9 Q!U ; k5( c"k(
9 Q!( f G
, k(5(
K eo jvfevb 21
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avgvì cwZcvjK ZveviKv
Iqv ZvAvjv cZK ivZi wZb fvMi kl fvM (GK-ZZxqvsk evKx _vKZ)
c_g AvKvk AeZiY Kib Ges ejZ _vKb K AvgvK WvK, Avwg Zvi
WvK mvov wè| K Avgvi KvQ wKQy Pvq Avwg ZvK Zv wè| K Avgvi KvQ
gv Pvq Avwg ZvK gv Ki wè (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1223)|
evLv : cw_ex hbv-ewfPvi, Pzwi-WvKvwZ, wg_v-Akxj K_v, MxeZ-ZvngZ,
AZvPvi-AwePvi, m~`-Nyl, g`-Ryqv BZvw` Abvq cwic~Y| GiciI Avjvn
ZvAvjv cZK ivZi kl fvM c_g AvKvk bg Gm ejb, K AvgvK
WvK, Zvi WvK mvov wè| K Avgvi KvQ gv Pvq, ZvK Avwg gv Ki wè
Ges Avgvi KvQ h hv Pvq Avwg ZvK Zv wè|
& -( 6( <O( j
D 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@! 7(;
: j D 0 u

$ i > T 7U& D
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew cwg w`K nZ m~h
Dw`Z nIqvi c~e ZIev Kie Avjvn Zvi ZIev Keyj Kieb (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/2331; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2223)|
evLv : wKqvgZi c~e ch ZIev Kij Zvi ZIev Keyj Kiv ne| cwg w`K
nZ m~h IVvi ci ZIevi ìRv e Ki `qv ne| Avi GUv ne wKqvgZi
wbKUeZx mgq|
#L -( ! 7( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . ? s u - ;
! " p 7(( (5 Xs 4 ( 5( } . k( ! 7( . d(7; ( (B B # -( ! ( j 9 # <; q = 5(
! 7( . u 9-( # O( 07J c 5 T G U( b
(5 XP G
dDk(5( 0" u 9k(5( ! ! y( 07(;
> 0 7
( & X #> Z( (O > r 0 (UI M( ` k(5( # "; qW $ ^(O 0 3 & ? M( B( 3 $ "<5(
@ ( & X #> k(U( ` -( ? L. -( 1#<; p -(
Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn Zuvi ev`vi ZIev I gv
PvIqvZ Avbw`Z nb, hLb m Zuvi wbKU ZIev Ki, Zvgvì gaKvi m ew
Acv AwaK hvi evnb GKwU gi cvi Zvi wbKU nZ QyU cvjvq hvi wcV
Zvi Lv` I cvbxq wQj| GZ jvKwU nZvk nq hvq| AZtci m GKwU MvQi
22 K eo jvfevb
wbKU Gm Zvi Qvqvq q co| m Zvi evnb mK m~Y wbivk| GgZvevq
m nVvr `L evnb Zvi wbKU ùvwoq AvQ| m Zvi jvMvg ai Avbì
AvwZkh ej IV, n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgvi ev`v Avi Avwg Zvgvi cwZcvjK!
m fzj Ki Avbì AvwZkh Gic ej dj (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2332; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2224)|
evLv : gvbyl ZIev Ki Avjvni wbKU gv PvBj Avjvn KZ Lykx nb Zvi ev

e wP `LvZ wMq ivm~j (Qvt) ebx BmivCji GK Kvwnbx eYbv Kijb| GK
jvK gi cvi wQj| hLvb _K cvq nuU jvKvjq hvIqv me wQj bv|
Avi Zvi Lv`-cvbxqI Zvi evnbi Dci wQj| evnbwU Zvi wbKU nZ QyU
cvjvq Ges m Zvi evnb mK m~Y wbivk nq hvq| GZ jvKwU evox
wdivi Avkv I euvPvi Avkv ZvM Ki GK MvQi wbP q co, kl wbtkvm
ZvMi Acv KiZ _vK| GgZvevq m nVvr `L evnb Zvi wbKU
`vqgvb| m ZrYvr Zvi jvMvg ai Avb` I Drdzj nq fzj Ki ej dj,
n Avjvn Zzwg Avgvi ev`v, Avwg Zvgvi cwZcvjK| GB jvK evnb cq hgb
Lykx Avjvn ZIevKvixi cwZ Zgb Lykx nb|
je-( =#<; 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
:! L. Z( (C5( c & (5 p <e -( :Z( (O $>. p <& -( j
* . :Z( (C5( =<( f & -( Q(Z(O $>. Q=<(
> r
: tF w ( A( > r 1 # < '
( ( ! M ` k& 9 f M 9 . ! ( -( 1 # <; 7; -(
1
# <; 7; -( :Z( (C5( & (5 ` NF p
<e -( -( Qp<& -( j * . :Z( (C5( =<( f & -( -( Q=<( j e-(
=<( f & -( > r
: tF w ( A( > r 1#< ' ( ( ! M ` k& 9 QfM 9 . ! ( -(

7; -( :Z( (C5( c & (5 ` N p <& -( -( p <e
-( j * . Z( (O :Z( (O =<( j e-( :Z( (O $>.
@tF 6& $ 7& 5( Pr4 ( r( 1 # < '
( ( ! M ` k& 9 f
M 9 . ! ( -( 1
# <;
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb ev`v Aciva Kij Ges
ejj, n Avgvi cwZcvjK! Avwg Aciva KiwQ, Zzwg Zv gv Ki| ZLb Avjvn
ejb, (n Avgvi wdwikZvMY!) Avgvi ev`v wK Rvb h Zvi GKRb cwZcvjK
AvQb, whwb Aciva gv Kib A_ev Acivai KviY kvw wèb? (Zvgiv
mvx _vK) Avwg ZvK gv Ki w`jvg| AZtci Avjvn hZw`b PvBjb ZZw`b
Aciva bv Ki _vKj| Avevi Aciva Kij Ges ejj, n Avgvi cwZcvjK!
K eo jvfevb 23
Avwg Avevi Aciva KiwQ, Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| ZLb Avjvn ejb, Avgvi
ev`v wK Rvb h Zvi GKRb cwZcvjK AvQb, whwb Aciva gv Kib A_ev
Acivai KviY kvw wèb? Avwg ZvK gv Ki w`jvg| AZtci m Aciva
bv Ki _vKj hZw`b Avjvn PvBjb| Avevi Aciva Kij Ges ejj, n Avgvi
cwZcvjK! Avwg Avevi Avi GK Aciva KiwQ, Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| ZLb
Avjvn ejb, Avgvi ev`v wK Rvb h Zvi GKRb cwZcvjK AvQb, whwb
Aciva gv Kib A_ev Acivai KviY kvw `b? Avwg ZvK gv Ki
w`jvg| m hv BQv KiK (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2333; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2225)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj Aciva hZeviB nvK wbivk nIqvi wKQy bB| Avjvn
gv Kib G wekvm iL GKvwaKevi Aciva Ki gv PvBjI gv ne|
nv`xQi A_ GB bq h Avjvn bvn Kivi Av`k Kijb; eis Avjvni `qv I
gvi gvnv `Lvbv nqQ|
: 9 (
Z( (O P7H . -( { ( #> 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( ,. -( j s # "H ;
s 7( '
( ( # O( c *g5( s (7 & -( ( & -( c> 7(; dk(9 1M ( Z( (O d(D
F s (7
@Z( (O $B( -( ? 7($ ; p U& < -(
Ryb`ye (ivt) nZ ewYZ, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, GK ew ejj, Avjvni Kmg!
Avjvn AgyKK gvd Kieb bv| ZLb Avjvn ejjb, K AvQ h AvgvK Kmg
w`Z cvi ev Avgvi bvg Kmg LZ cvi h, Avwg AgyKK gv Kie bv| hvI
Avwg ZvK gv Kijvg Ges Zvgvi Avgj b Ki w`jvg| wZwb Abyic
ejQb (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2334; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2226)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Kvb eo AcivaxK `L ejv hve bv h, Avjvn
ZvK gv Kieb bv| KviY GZ Avjvn ivMvw^Z nb Ges Hic h ej Zvi
Avgj b Ki `b| cZK gvKzli G Avkv ivLv fvj ne h, h Kvb Acivax
gv cZ cvi ev cve BbkvAvjvn|
# *, 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . v s (- 2 ># ;
d(7; - Q~# <; -( c "C& 7(` p - / ! /( c *. p
-( > 0 7 : # < Z( C9 & -( . ( , /
Q>c7(; ? $ " ? ( t: - Qp "e
* ? ; - Qp U( , ~ # ; ~ # 0 ;
24 K eo jvfevb
Q0 P"O . 0"> 0((O .p - / j Ml 9 /( ! >g(5 Qc & (5 Qc <M( t: -
Y O 3 Q67 0((O Qq">
( 6 3 - 0 5( Qc $ 9 & -( 6( <O( ! 9 ' $5(
@q ">
( 6 3 - 0 5( QR<S 9 & - 6( <O( ' $5( Q0
kvv` Beby AvIm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gv cv_bv Kivi k
`vAv nj Zvgvi Gic ejv- Avjvn Zzwg Avgvi cwZcvjK, Zzwg eZxZ Kvb
gve~` bB, Zzwg AvgvK mw KiQ| Avwg Zvgvi ev`v, Avwg Avgvi mvavbyhvqx
Zvgvi Pzw I AxKvii Dci AvwQ| Avwg Avgvi KZKgi g` cwiYvg nZ
Zvgvi wbKU Avkq PvwQ| Avgvi cwZ Zvgvi AbyMnK Avwg ^xKvi Kwi Ges
Avgvi AcivaK ^xKvi Kwi| myZivs Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| Kbbv Zzwg eZxZ
Aciva gv Kivi Avi KD bB| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, h ew G
`vAvi cwZ wekvm iL w`b eje Avi mvi AvM gviv hve, m RvbvZxì
Afy ne| Avi h wekvm Ki ivZ eje Ges mKvj nIqvi AvM gviv hve
m RvbvZxì Afy ne (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2335; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2227)|
A `vAvwU gv cv_bvi k `vAv| GZ bvnK ^xKvi Kiv nqQ Ges
Avjvni AbyMnKI ^xKvi Kiv nqQ| Avi Pig webqi mv_ gv cv_bv Kiv
nqQ| G`vAv mKvj co mvi AvM gviv Mj RvbvZ hve Ges mvq
co mKvji AvM gviv Mj RvbvZ hve| KvRB mKvj-mv G `vAvwU cov
GKv KZe|
9 : d(D
Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . u s -( ;
Q _ 2 N 9 .c- /( ? " ( (B d(7; ? ( ' ( ( c "D H . c "D ; 2 ? > Q_2 N
( ?
> Q_2 N 9 .c - /( ? ( ' ( ( c "D ( , > r Qt$ > ( "; ? p
7( (
@XP 0 C ?
DF QP) c ~ i
D /( c "C ( > r Q9(U` } . F j C c "D-
Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, n Av`g mvb!
hZw`b Zzwg AvgvK WvKe Ges Avgvi wbKU gvi Avkv ivLe Avwg ZvgvK
gv Kie, Zvgvi Aev hvB nvK bv Kb| Avwg Kviv ciIqv Kwi bv| Av`g
mvb Zvgvi bvn hw` AvKvk chI cuQ AZtci Zzwg Avgvi wbKU gv PvI
Avwg ZvgvK gv Ki è, Avwg gv Kivi evcvi KviI ciIqv Kwi bv|
Av`g mvb Zzwg hw` cw_ex cwigvY bvn wbq Avgvi ìevi DcwZ nI Ges
K eo jvfevb 25
Avgvi mv_ Kvb kixK bv Ki Avgvi mvgb Avm, Avwg cw_ex cwigvY gv
wbq DcwZ ne (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2336; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2227)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Avgiv hw` gv PvB Avjvn Avgvì gv
Kieb| GZ Kvb wnmve Kieb bv h, KZ eo AcivaxK gv Kijvg|
cw_exi mgcwigvY cvc njI wZwb Kviv ciIqv bv Ki gv Kieb, hw`
Avgvì wkiKi bvn bv _vK| KvRB Avgiv eyK fiv Avkv I gb fq-fxwZ
wbq hKvb mgq gv PvBZ cvwi|
_ [ ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O Q$ 0 ";
: c b . v s <>; ;
/( w ! O(V . QPH5( n 3 6J B QPHI Es b
6J B ! (
: 6( H . ( , /
@f % 9
Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew me`v gv Pvq, Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zvi Rb cZK msKxYZv nZ GKwU c_ ei Ki `b Ges cZK
wPv nZ ZvK gyw `b| Avi ZvK wiwhK `vb Kib hLvb nZ m KLbv
fve bv (Avngv`, wgkKvZ nv/2339; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2230)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, gvbyl gvi c_ Aej^b Kij, Avjvn ZvK wZbwU
myweav `vb Kib (1) h Kvb mgmv _K ZvK gyw wèb (2) h Kvb wPv
_K ZvK ^w wèb (3) Zvi ARv Zvi ihxi eev Kieb|
1*#H ; c -( c "r(#> Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e c* <"> d( #s 9V . 9 Z 4 ( ;
3 / ! ( /( 1
M
F , - : Z( (O Z C9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( ,. T $ , ! >-(
@z [> > 5( # O( ( B & Q! ' Q!( j
D- _ C( cL
(
bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi Avhv`KZ Mvjvg hvqì cy Bqvmvi Zvi cy ejvj (ivt)
ejb, Avgvi wcZv Avgvi `v`vi gvag ejb h, Avgvi `v`v hvq` ejQb,
wZwb ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bQb, h ew ejj AvvMwdijvnvjvhx jv Bjvnv
Bjvqvj nvBqyj KvBqyg IqvZzey BjvBwn-Avwg Avjvni wbKU gv PvB| whwb
eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| whwb wPixe wPi cwZvZv Ges Zuvi wbKU ZIevKvix|
Avjvn ZvK gv Ki wèb hwÌ m wRnvì gvV nZ cvwjq wMq _vK
(wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2353; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2244)| A nv`xQ viv eySv
26 K eo jvfevb
hvq h, AbykvPbv Ki gv PvIqvi Rb GB `vAvwU eo gvag| G `vAvi
gvag hyi gvV nZ cvwjq hvIqvi bvnI gv nq hve hv gnvcvc|
Avjvni `qv I ingZ cv_bvKvix
Avjvni `qv I ingZ Kvgbv Kiv cZK gvbyli Rb GKv AvekK| Avjvni
`qv Zuvi vaK AwZg KiQ| GRb Zuvi `qv cvIqv AZxe mnR| gvbyl
Zuvi mvbi cwZ hZ `qvkxj, Avjvn gvbyli cwZ Zvi Pq AbKY ekx
`qvkxj|
gnvb Avjvn ejb,
j
Ml 9
F
q $ . U "C& D ( 0

-( d(7; 5 , -( 9M 1 2 <; 9 6& O
@ > . & 3 ! > =$ H
n Avgvi ev`vMY hviv Aciva KiQ Avjvni ingZ nZ wbivk nqv bv| wbqB
Avjvn mg bvn gv Kib| wbqB wZwb eo gvkxj I `qvjy (hygvi 53)|
: d8O( >$( 7, ! 7(;

: d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@c <8 ( p
C( <, c $ . ! ; h
5( # "; 0 5( =<B f B( E 7& I &
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn hLb gvLj~K mwi BQv
Kijb, GKwU wjwc wjLjb hv Zuvi wbKU Zuvi Aviki Dci AvQ, Avgvi `qv
Avgvi va AwZg KiQ (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2364; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2255)| G
nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Avjvn Abvqi Rb kvw w`Z Pvb bv; eis me mgq
gv KiZ Pvb|
q( ^( ! 7 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
0 ( y( 9 0<5( _* 0 & ^0<& u g& * G
& XP # qP $ . 0" Z( [ -( qs $ .
0 9 qP $ . D = D
: `> -( 3# ( d(7; & z U D 0 ( $ 9
@q C & _ 9 2 <;
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvni GKkZ ingZ iqQ hv
nZ GKwU gv ingZ wZwb wRb, gvbyl, c I KxU-cZi ga bvwhj KiQb|
K eo jvfevb 27
G vivB Zviv GK AbK gvqv Ki| Gi gvagB GK AbK `qv Ki Ges Gi
gvagB BZi cvYxiv Zvì mvbìK fvjevm| evKx wbivbeBwU ingZ
wKqvgZi w`bi Rb iL w`qQb| hv viv wZwb wKqvgZi w`b Avcb ev`vì
cwZ ingZ Kieb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2365; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2256)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Avjvn GKwU ingZ mg cvYxi ga fvM Ki
w`qQb| hvi KviY mKj cvYx wbR wbR mvbK Avì Ki| gvbyl mvbK
Avey-Avy ej WK Avì Ki Pzgy Lvq| Mvfx Zvi evPvK Avì Ki wRnv
w`q PvU, gyiMx Zvi evPvK Avì Ki WvK| GKwU `qvi cwZwqv hw` GZ
nq, Zvnj wbivbeBwU `hv Avjvn ev`vK gv Kivi Rb wKqvgZi gvV wbq
Avmeb, Zvi cwZwqv KZ nZ cvi| AZGe wKqvgZi gvV `qv I ingZ
cve ej c~Y Avkvev`x BbkvAvjvn|
] $ & 7( 9 ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
q $ >
# "; 5(A& 7( 9 ( #Y -( ! ">G
T $ y( q C &
# ";
@#Y -( ! ">H ( "O(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hw` gywgb RvbZ Avjvni wbKU
wK kvw iqQ, Zvnj Zuvi RvbvZi Avkv KD KiZ bv| Avi hw` Kvdi RvbZ
Avjvni wbKU wK cwigvY `qv iqQ, Ze KD Zvi RvbvZ nZ wbivk nZ bv
(eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2367; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2257)|
A nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Avjvni ingZ I kvwi Aev hLb GB ZLb

gvbyli c Avkv I wbivkvi gavevq _vKvB DwPZ| Rxekvq fq I
giYKvj Avkv cvlY KivB evbxq| wbfxK nIqv Ges wbivk nIqv Kzdix|
( 6W H . Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
de -( ' $ & 8
>$7(5( ! & d(7; 6W H . x , -( qs 9 . c 5 ! 73 k(
l O( =` 6& $ 9
! 7(;
: . # O( )(
5( % <& c5 ! ( S

* <& c5 ! ( S
.& > r O* % 5( '
(g5( ! "
% <&
: k(5( 3 -( 7 5( ' $> 7(5( Q $ (& =# -( ! MJ 9 /( =(M; ! ">MJ (
28 K eo jvfevb
p
-( ?
i
` Z( (O M( 3 p
7& 5( Z( (O > r ! 5 T $ G
5( > <& -( ! 5 T $ G 5(
@! ( ( 5( 7(; -(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, GK ew KLbv Kvb fvj KvR
Kiwb| Zvi cwievi-cwiRbK ejj, Ab eYbvq AvQ, GK ew wbRi cwZ
AwePvi Kij, eo Aciva Kij| wK hLb Zvi gZz DcwZ nj, ZLb m Zvi
mvbì AwQqZ Kij, hLb m gviv hve ZLb ZvK hb cywoq djv nq|
AZtci AaK j I AaK mgy` wQwUq `qv nq| Avjvni Kmg! hw` wZwb
ZvK aiZ mg nb, Ze Ggb kvw wèb hv RMZi KvDK KLbv `bwb|
hLb m gviv Mj Zvi wb`k gZ mvbiv KvR Kij| Avjvn mgy`K Kzg
w`jb, mgy` Zvi ga hv wQj Zv GK Ki w`j| Gfve j fvMK wb`k
w`jb, jfvM Zvi ga hv wQj Zv GK Ki w`j| AZtci Avjvn ZvK
wRm Kijb, Zzwg Kb Gic KiwQj? m ejj, n cwZcvjK! Zvgvi fq
Gic KiwQ| kl ch Avjvn ZvK gv Ki w`jb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/2369)|
evLv : jvKwU A wQj| Avjvni gZv mK Zvi mwVK aviYv wQj bv| wK
Ai Avjvni fq wQj| jvKwUi aviYv m GZ eo cvcx h Avjvn ZvK GZ
KwVb kvw wèb h kvw cw_exi Avi Kvb gvbylK wèb bv| GiciI Avjvn
ZvK gv Ki w`jb| AZGe h Kvb eo Acivax gv cZ cvi
BbkvAvjvn|
XW -( (g5( cY <, 7, ! 7(;
: d7e c* <"> d(7; _ # O( ! ";
: c b . j UI & $ ; ;
0"U& < ! C( S &k(5( ! DM( ` -( c <
> c5 <e ' # H ( c D 09# r( f 7% D # O( c <>
( "7& O . >" c5 3# ( qP . (y M 3 ( D-( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e cL <"> "( Z( (C5( ! b . -(
@3# ( M 3 2 < . -( ! 7( Z( (C5( ! U& D ( & -( d(7; . # C& D c 3
Igi (ivt) ejb, GKevi bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi wbKU KZK hye`x Avmj| `Lv
Mj GKwU x jvKi `ya Si coQ Avi m wk A^lY òv`wo KiQ|
nVvr m e`xì ga GKwU wk cj Ges ZvK Kvj Ub wbj I `ya cvb
Kivj| ZLb bex Kixg (Qvt) AvgvìK ejjb, Zvgvì wK gb nq GB x
jvKwU wbRi QjK Avb wbc KiZ cvi? m hLb Abi mvbi cwZ
K eo jvfevb 29
GZ n `Lvq, ZLb wbRi mvbK wK Avb wbc KiZ cvi? Avgiv
ejjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j! KLbv bv, m Zvi mvbK Avb wbc KiZ cvi
bv| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, wbqB Avjvn Zuvi ev`vi cwZ GB x jvKi mvbi
cwZ `qv Acv AwaK `qvevb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2370; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2260)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj Avjvn KZ eo `qvjy| KvRB GZ `qvkxj
Avjvn mnR Zuvi ev`vK Rvnvbvg wèb bv| Avgiv G evcvi eo Avkvev`x|
Avjvni bvg iYKvix
h me Avgji wewbgq Avjvni bex RvbvZ jvfi NvlYv w`qQb, Avjvni bvg
mg~n iY Kiv Zvi ga AbZg|
qW
D ! 7 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ D & f
L % 9 Y D 3 q( ">G
& 6( ` 2 / #Y -( 0K ( %
9 ( XP # / qP ^( =$, (
D
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvni wbivbeBwU GK Kg
GKkZwU bvg iqQ| h Zv iY Kie, m RvbvZ hve| Ab GK eYbvq
AvQ, Avjvni eRvoK fvjevmb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2287; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2179)| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, @0
; 2 (5 d"
% & t: $, k(& ! 7 Avjvni KZK
Dg bvg iqQ| Zvgiv m bvgi gvag AvjvnK WvK (Avivd 180)| AvqvZ I
nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Avjvni YevPK bvgi gvag ZuvK WvKj Avjvn
Zvi WvK mvov wèb Ges ZvK RvbvZ wèb|
Zvmexn cvVKvix
RvbvZ hvIqvi GK eo gvag Zvmexn cvV Kiv| myenvbvjvn, Avjnvg`ywjjvn,
jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn I Avjv AvKevi ej Zvmexn cvV Kiv| Zvmexn cvV Kiv
Avjvni wbKU mePq wcq Bev`Z|
Z( O-( & F 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
! 7(; p 7(y( >$ c> ( f L -( Q<B& -
: Q:
/ ! /( Q
# $
( Q
( %<,
@u $ i >
30 K eo jvfevb
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avgvi wbKU mg cw_ex
AcvI wcqZi nQ myenvbvjvn, Avjnvg`ywjjvn, jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn I Avjv
AvKevi ejv (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2295; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2187)| nv`xQ viv eySv Mj
Dciv evKwj Avjvni wbKU mgM cw_ex AcvI Dg|
( %<, Z( (O Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , . -( ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ %
<& # V 6( m& p (B & 9(U` p U Xs > q( ^( _s 9 c 5 # $ %

Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew `wbK GKkZ evi
eje, myenvbvjvwn Iqv wenvgw`nx A_vr Avjvni cweZv eYbv Kwi Zuvi cksmvi
mv_, Zvi mg bvn gvd Kiv ne, hwÌ Zvi bvn mgyì dbvi bvq AwaK
nq (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2296; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2188)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj gvbyli bvn hZ ekxB nvK bv Kb GB Zvmexn w`b
GKkZ evi cvV Kij mg bvn gv Kiv ne|
$ 7B( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
( Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Q# $ %

( %<, $ > d( << Q[ c5 7(C r( Q7 d(7; ( `
@ K
( %<,
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, `ywU msw evK hv ejv mnR,
A_P cvjvZ fvix I Avjvni wbKU AwaK wcq| Zv nj, myenvbvjvwn Iqv
wenvgw`nx, myenvbvjvwnj Avhxg (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2298; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2190)| G ZvmexnwU wZbwU ewki AwaKvix- (1) ejv Lye mnR (2)
wKqvgZi w`b cvjvq fvix ne (3) Avjvni wbKU AZxe wcq| GB Zvmexn cvV
Kivi cwiYvg RvbvZ|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e

( Z , . # "; ">B Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s O c -( # , ;
! ^
7(H 6W ^, ! (k(
5( !qs " z &- _s 9 6J B & f A& 9> & - B # - [ G 9-( Z( (C5(

l% 9 -( Qsq"
z
&- ! ( f A& 5( qs % <
D q( )( R <
9 : Z( (O sq"
z &- f A& 9 z B(
@qs )(U ` z &- ! ";
K eo jvfevb 31
mv` Beby Avwe IqvvQ (ivt) ejb, GK`v Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU wQjvg|
Gmgq wZwb ejjb, Zvgvì KD wK `wbK GK nvhvi bKx ARb KiZ
Ag? Zuvi mv_ emv Kvb Qvnvex ejjb, wKfve Avgvì KD `wbK GK
nvhvi bKx ARb KiZ cvi? ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, m `wbK GKkZ evi
myenvbvjvn eje| GZ Zvi Rb GK nvhvi bKx jLv ne| A_ev Zvi GK
nvhvi bvn gvd Kiv ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2299; evsjv wgkKvZ nv2191)| G nv`xQ
viv eySv Mj h, `wbK GKkZ evi myenvbvjvn ejZ cvij GK nvhvi bKx
jLv ne wKsev GK nvhvi bvn gvd Kiv ne|
XP A& 3# "; ` 7, ! 7(;
: d7e c> <"> -( 0 ";
: c b . q( 9 9 H ;
p
&V Z( (C5( qW H c 3 d%b -( & -( # T H . > r 3# G c 5 c 3 R <S L d7e
p
7& O # C( ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e cL <"> Z( (O p ((O 07(; ? O& . (5 c Z %& d(7;

( %<, > 0 V ( _ & M " p 7& O $ p V ( ' s > { ( 4 ( r( ' s $7B( T . -( ~ #
@! D$7B( 2 # ! ; q( V !
& b. ! C 7& ` 2 # ; # $ %
Dyj gywgbxb RyIqvBwiqv nZ ewYZ, GKw`b Lye mKvj bex Kixg (Qvt) Zuvi
wbKU nZ ei njb, hLb wZwb dRii QvjvZ Av`vq Ki ^xq QvjvZi vb
emv wQjb| AZtci ivm~j (Pvt) cZveZb Kijb, hLb m~h Lye Dci DVj,
ZLbv RyIqvBwiqv (ivt) Z_vq emv wQjb| ivm~j (Qvt) wRm Kijb, Avwg
Zvgvi _K c_K nIqv Aewa wK Zzwg G Aevq AvQ? wZwb ejjb, nuv| ZLb
bex Kixg (Qvt) ejjb, Zvgvi ci Avwg gv PviwU evK wZbevi ejwQ, hw`
Zzwg G Aewa hv ejQ Zvi mv_ Ihb `qv nq, Zvnj evKwji IhbB ekx
ne| evKwj nQ, myenvbvjvwn Iqv wenvgw`wn Av`v`v LvjwKwn Iqvwihv
bvdwmwn, IqvwhbvZv Aviwknx Iqv wg`v`v KvwjgvwZwn| A_ Avjvni cweZv
eYbv Kwi Zuvi cksmv mnKvi Zuvi mwi msLv cwigvY, Zuvi mvl cwigvY, Zuvi
Aviki Ihb cwigvY I Zuvi evK mg~ni msLv cwigvY (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2301;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2193)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, G evKwji bKx mxgvnxb| G
evK Avjvni AbK AbK cksmv Kiv hvq| GB evKwjZ Avjvni ekx ekx
mw ARb Kiv hvq|
32 K eo jvfevb
/ ! /( Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Xs > q( )( _s 9
& QY9#O( ts c 6J B d(7; 3 Q# $ ( ! ( ?
7& ! ( Q!( ?
9 /( #
:
! ( p (B Qsq)(*, q )( ! "; p % Qsq"
q )( ! ( p
<B j s (O. i ; Z( # ; ! ( p (B
6W H . / ! tF H >$ 6( 8 5& k( #Y -( '
k9 ( Qc
$ 9 d> ? ( ! 9 (Ui
> PV
@! " m(B& - 6( $ ;
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew `wbK GKkZ evi
eje QY9#O( ts c
6J B d(7; 3 Q# $
( ! ( ?
7& ! ( Q!( ?
9 /( #
: / ! /(
Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi Kvb kixK bB, ZuviB ivRZ,
ZuviB cksmv Ges wZwbB nQb, mg welqi Dci gZvevb| H ewi `kwU
Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb bKx ne| Zvi Rb Aviv GKkZ bKx jLv ne
Ges GKkZ bvn gvd Kiv ne Ges G evK ZvK H w`bi Rb kqZvb nZ
ivKeP ne mv ch Ges m hv KiQ Zv Acv Dg KD wKQy KiZ
cvie bv| H ew eZxZ h G Avgj Acv AwaK Avgj Kie (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/2302; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2194)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, h ew G `vAvwU `wbK GKkZ evi eje m

`kRb Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb bKx cve| Aviv GKkZwU bKx ekx Kiv
ne Ges GKkZwU bvn gv Kiv ne Ges m w`b kqZvb Zvi Kvb wZ
KiZ cvie bv|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . T >"B : Z( O( ! ";
: c b
. 1
F d, c - ;
0 9L-( : 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( C( 5( Q <A& > ( 0 G

9 v
>" 6( G
5( Qs( , c 5
= $ , ( ; # D A > Q<=^( /( Q>$e
- ( ; # D /( A > Q A
-( d7(; . Qv>"
d, -( Z( O( Q!7( . E "; B # -( j
O& -( ! ; # D 1
M Q A 3 Q= S

/( - QsuO(
# <; 9 Z( C( 5( Qc

& c 5
/ X( > O /( Z( /( Z O-( ! ( 7& ` -(

.
/ X( > O /( Z( /( Z( O( Q
Z( , . 9 d7 p
7& O q">
( V "B [s "B( d7; ?
l2 -(
K eo jvfevb 33
Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) ejb, Avgiv GK mdi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_ wQjvg|
jvKiv DPî ZvKexi ejZ jvMj| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, n gvbyl!
Zvgiv Zvgvì cwZ ing Ki Ges bxie ZvKexi cvV Ki| Zvgiv ewaiK
WvKQ bv Ges AbycwZKI WvKQ bv| Zvgiv WvKQ mekvZv I me`vK, wZwb
Zvgvì mv_ AvQb| hvK Zvgiv WvKQ wZwb Zvgvì evnbi Nvo AcvI
Zvgvì AwaK wbKU AvQb| Avey g~mv ejb, Avwg ZLb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi
wcQb Pzc Pzc ejwQjvg, jv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn A_vr Avgvi
Kvb Dcvq bB, Kvb kw bB Avjvni mvnvh eZxZ| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt)
ejjb, In Beby Kvqm! Avwg wK ZvgvK RvbvZi fvvi mg~ni GKwU
fvvii mvb wè bv? Avwg ejjvg, wbqB n Avjvni ivm~j! wZwb ejjb, Zv
nQ- jv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2303; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2195)|
G nv`xQ vi eySv Mj h, DPî ZvKexi ev whwKi Kiv hve bv| KviY Avjvn
mekvZv I me`v| mv_ mv_ wZwb ev`vi LyeB KvQ _vKb| A_vr Zuvi ingZ
I mvnvh gvbyli mv_ _vK| A `vAvwU cvV Kij RvbvZ jvf Kiv hve|
Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
c b . p >S X( 2 <; ;
d(7; 3 # $ % & ! ( ?
7& $ & ! ( ! ( ?
9 ( #
: / ! ( /( Z( (C5( 6 7 .> D
X( > O /( Z( /( <B& -(
:
: ! ( (
( %< , ! 7 # $ % & Y 9# O( ts c 6J B

@! D4
(e p 7(<O d7e k(b > D & g5( ! ( f
G
, ;2 -( c & > 0 7 Z( (O > r

Dev`v Beby QvgZ (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew
ivwZ RvMZ nq ej Avjvn eZxZ Kvb Dcvm bB, wZwb GK, Zuvi Kvb
kixK bB, ZuviB ivRZ, ZuviB Rb cksmv, wZwb mg welqi Dci gZvevb,
Avwg Avjvni cweZv eYbv KiwQ, mg cksmv Avjvni, Avjvn eZxZ Kvb
gve~` bB, Avjvn AwZ gnvb, Avjvni mvnvh eZxZ Avgvi Kvb kw I mvg_
bB| AZtci ej, n ciIqvi`Mvi! Zzwg Avgvq gv Ki| A_ev Kvb cv_bv
Ki (ivexi m`n, ivm~j Kvb k ejQb), Avjvn Zvi m cv_bv Keyj Kib
Ges m hw` Ih~ Ki QvjvZ Av`vq Ki, Avjvn Zvi m QvjvZ Keyj Kib
(eyLvix, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1145)|
34 K eo jvfevb

> D 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@t #; F q D$ Qt8C( t , Qt(Ci
> ~ . 2 Qt4 ( < # 0 H
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgiv wecì
K, `yfvMi AvgY, wbqwZi Awb I wec` ki nvwm nZ Avjvni wbKU
Avkq cv_bv Ki (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2344)|
; -( > 0 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
cL <"> ( (B Z( (O ! ";
c b . ? s u -( ;
@Z H* q <7(( 9#> T 7& b
[ %
& * 0 & ?

Avbvm (ivt) nZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejZb, Avjvn Avwg Zvgvi wbKU
Avkq PvB wPv, kvK, AgZv, AjmZv, KvcyilZv, KcYZv, FYi evSv I
gvbyli Rei`w nZ (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2345)|
> 0 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! ";
c b . O(. -( # 9V ;
c & ' N > 0 7 Q<C( j M; Q_ ( 6 I < Q6 A( [ G
? ; -( c *
s 7& ; ? ; -( c * > 0 7 Q3/( 0L p
- Q3BV ` p - 0JBV Q3C& D
@0( j G 9 /( Xs ; 2 T<i
D /( u s & QTi
I 9 /( fs 7& O( T( "9 /(
hvq` Beby AviKvg (ivt) nZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejZb, n Avjvn! Avwg
AgZv, AjmZv, KvcyilZv, KcYZv, evaK I Kei Avhve nZ Zvgvi Avkq
cv_bv KiwQ| n Avjvn! Avgvi AvZvK mshg `vb Ki, ZvK cwe Ki, ZzwgB
k cveK, Zzwg Zvi AwffveK I cfy| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi wbKU Avkq
cv_bv KiwQ H vb nZ hv DcKvi Ki bv, H Ai nZ hv fxZ ev webg nq
bv, H gb nZ hv Zw jvf Ki bv Ges H `vAv nZ hv Keyj nq bv (gymwjg,
evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2347)|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . t ; 2 ( (B Z( (O ! ";
c b
. $ ;
# <; ;
T $ H Q?$ C& X tF G5 Q?5; Z L % D Q?$ Z V ? ; -( c * > 0 7
@? U I ,
K eo jvfevb 35
Avyjvn Beby Igi (ivt) nZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `vAv wQj, n
Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi Avkq cv_bv KiwQ Zvgvi bAvgZi nvmcvw, Zvgvi
kvwi weeZb, Zvgvi kvwi nVvr AvgY Ges Zvgvi mg Amvl nZ
(gymwjg, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2348)|
c * > 0 7 Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . ( (B p ((O 0 ";
c b . q( i
^; ;
@6& $ ; - ( * p
7& $ ; * ? ; -
Avqkv (ivt) nZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejZb, n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi
wbKU Avkq PvB, hv Avwg KiwQ Zvi Awb nZ Ges hv Avwg wKiwb Zvi Awb
nZ (gymwjg, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2349)|
? ( > 0 7 Z C 9 ( (B 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , . -( ! ";
c b
. v s ><; ;
; - > 0 7 .p $ e ` ? Qp<- ? ( Qp7& B D ?7; Qp" N ? Qp$ 7(, -(
@( D $ 9 u
L Q' $ D /( 1 M cL
( p
-( Qc "78
D & - p
-( / ! /( ?D[>
Beby Avevm (ivt) nZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejZb, n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi
wbKU AvZmgcY Kijvg, Zvgvi cwZ wekvm vcb Kijvg, ZvgviB cwZ fimv
Kijvg, ZvgivB w`K cZveZb Kijvg Ges Zvgvi mvnvh (Zvgvi ki
mv_) jojvg| n Avjvn! Avwg Zvgvi cZvci Avkq cv_bv KiwQ, Zzwg eZxZ
Kvb gve~` bB, AvgvK c_ Kiv nZ, Zzwg wPixe, KLbI gie bv; Avi
wRb I gvbyl gZz eiY Kie (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2350)|
c * > 0 7 Z C 9 ( (B 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z( , . -( ! ";
c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@h
4
( ` k(& t , h
("* h
(Ci
* ? ; -(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejZb, n Avjvn! Avwg
Zvgvi wbKU mZi weivPiY, KcUZv I Pwii AmvayZv nZ Avkq cv_bv
KiwQ (Avey `vD`, bvmvC, evbyev` wgkKvZ nv/2354)|
( %<, Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
c b . s H ;
@q ">G
& c5 qW 7(I
! ( p
, # $ %
K &
36 K eo jvfevb
Rvwei (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew eje myenvbvjvwnj Avhxg
Iqv wenvgw`wn A_vr gnvb Avjvni cweZv eYbv Kwi Zuvi cksmvi mv_ Zvi
Rb RvbvZ GKwU LRyi MvQ ivcb Kiv ne (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvn nv/2304;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2196)| nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, GB Zvmexn cvV Kij Avjvn
ZvK RvbvZ wèb|
6 8
5& -( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O !";
cb. s $ ;
# <; ;
@! 7 # $ %
& t ;#L 6 8
5& -(
: / ! ( /( B& MJ
Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, mevg whwKi nQ jv
Bjvnv Bjvjvn Ges mevg `vAv nQ Avjnvg`ywjjvn (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn,
wgkKvZ nv/2306)|
wekl cv_bvKvix
Bev`Z nQ Avjvni wb`k cvjb Kiv, Zuvi wbKU AvmgcY Kiv, weYq cKvk
Kiv| Avi cv_bv KiZ Gwj Povfve cvIqv hvq| GRb `vAv nQ
Bev`Zi g~j| Avjvni wbKU `vAv Acv Kvb wRwbmB AwaK mvwbZ bq|
GRb Avjvn ejQb, A ( f
G
, -( c ; 2 Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU `vAv Ki,
Avwg Zvgvì cv_bv Keyj Kie (Mvwdi 60)|
Ab wZwb ejb,@ ;2 (
># X( ; 2 f
H - f
Y 9 O( c *g5( c "*; 1
2 <; ?
(k(, (
Avi hLb Avgvi ev`viv AvcbvK Avgvi evcvi wRm Ki, (Avcwb gvbylK
ejyb) Avwg ev`vi wbKU iqwQ| Avwg cv_bvKvixi cv_bv Keyj Kwi, hLb m
Avgvi wbKU cv_bv Ki (evKvivn 186)|
Ab wZwb Aviv ejb, @qP & `
=;L 8
D A >. ; 2 Zvgiv Zvgvì
cwZcvjKi wbKU cv_bv Ki, AZxe webqi mv_ Ges AZxe Mvcb (Avivd
55)| gvbyl mewKQyB Zvi cwZcvjKi wbKU PvBe|
! >. B # -( Z k(
( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. u s -( ;
@T U( C( ( ! 7 T
! (k(
9 d> 07B ! H
K eo jvfevb 37
Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì cZKB hb ^xq
cwZcvjKi wbKU hveZxq wRwbm cv_bv Ki| GgbwK hLb Zvi RyZvi `vqvjx
wQo hvq, ZvI hb Avjvni wbKU Pvq (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/2251; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2145)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, QvU nvK, eo nvK mewKQy Avjvni wbKU
PvBZ ne|
Avjvn gvbylK cv_bv Kivi Rb ejQb| cv_bv Kiv bexMYi mybZ| gvbyli
WvK Avjvn mvov `b| gvbyl PvBj Avjvn `vb Kib| gvbyl gv PvBj Avjvn
gv Kib| AvjvnK m Kivi eo gvag cv_bv Kiv|
# < 7& j
G
9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Z( (O Z G ,
Z( , . 9 6( O 6& G
9 ( s . q U O( -( s r&g
# 9 (
@tF ;#L # 9 ?
( # "; %
5( c f
G 9 . -( 7(5( '
; 2 # O( ' ; 2 # O( Z C 9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Mvbvni KvRi `vAv bv Kij
A_ev AvxqZvi eb wQb Kivi `vAv bv Kij wKsev `vAvZ ZvovZvwo bv
Kij ev`vi `vAv Keyj Kiv nq| wRm Kiv nj, n Avjvni ivm~j!
ZvovZvwo wK? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, gvbyl eje Avwg G `vAv KiwQ, Avwg H
`vAv KiwQ, K Avgvi `vAv Zv Keyj nZ `Ljvg bv| AZtci m `yej I
Ajm nq co Ges `vAv Kiv Qo `q (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2227)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, cvc KvRi Rb `vAv Kij Keyj nq bv|
AvZxqZvi eb wQb Kivi `vAv Kij ZvI Kezj nq bv| Avevi Keyj nq bv
ej AjmZv Kiv hve bv Ges `vAv Kiv Qo `qvI hve bv| Avjvn gvbyli
`vAvK wZb fvM Kib| h_v (1) hv Pvq Zv `qv nq| h wec` nZ euvPZ Pvq
Zv nZ iv cvq| (2) hv Pvq Zvi Pq ewk `qv nq wKsev h wec` nZ
euvPZ Pvq Zvi Pq eo wec` nZ iv Kiv nq| ZLb m gb Ki Avgvi
`vAv Keyj nj bv| (3) Zvi `vAvi cwZ`vb ciKvj cvi ZLb m gb Ki
Zvi `vAv Keyj nj bv|
7
$ & X ; 2 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b . t 2. #> c -( ;
? 7($ & Z( (O s I ! ` k( ;2 $7B 6W B ?
Y 7( ! , -&. # "; qW G f & 0 K( ! ` k(
@6s m&$ ?
( N ! 6 B $ &
38 K eo jvfevb
Aveyvi`v (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gymjgvb Zvi Kvb gymjgvb
fvBqi Rb Zvi AMvPi h `vAv Ki m `vAv Keyj Kiv nq| Zvi gv_vi
cvk GKRb wdwikZv wbhy _vKb| hLb m Zvi fvBqi Rb KjvYi `vAv
Ki wbhy wdwikZv ejb, (Avgxb) Avjvn Keyj Ki Ges Zvgvi RbI Hic
nvK (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2228; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2124)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h,
gymjgvb fvBqi Rb KjvYi `vAv Kiv DwPr| AMvPi `vAv ekx Keyj
nq| KviY G mgq `vAv Keyj Kivbvi Rb wdwikZv wbhy _vKb| wdwikZv
Dfqi Rb mgvb Keyj nIqv Kvgbv Kib|
A -( d(7; ; # D /( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b . s H ;
05 Z k( 9 qP ; ,
C 5D ( A -( d(7; ; # D /( B 2 /( -( d(7; ; # D (
@ A ( f G

5( t (U;
Rvwei (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgiv wbRì Rb e``vAv Kiv
bv| wbRì Qjgqi Rb e``vAv Kiv bv Ges wbRì A_-mì
evcvi e``vAv Kiv bv| KviY Zv Keyj nq hvq (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2229; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2125)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, h Kvb mgmvi KviY wbRi asm
Kvgbv Kiv Rvqh bq| Qjgqì Abvqi KviY Zvì Rb e``vAv
KivI Rvqh bq| Kvb mgmvi gyLvgywL nq A_-mì asm Kvgbv Kiv
Rvqh bq| KviY Kvb mgq `vAv Keyj nq hvq, Zv ejv hvq bv|
3 t: ;#L 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b
. s i
$ "L ;
@X 2 < &
bygvb Beby evkxi (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, `vAv
nQ g~jZt Bev`Z (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2230; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2126)|
# C& 9 /( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O /( (O 1 * . # I & #s , c -( X( 9 3 c -( ;
3 B( ( q "A
> 0 7(; p
([ q $ > 0 i
( q A( ^(7$ & 0
F ( B M& 9 _Y O(
@ # "; $ 5
:
K eo jvfevb 39
Avey ivqivn I Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h Kvb
gvbe `j Avjvni whwKi KiZ em ZLb Avjvni wdwikZvMY Zvì wNi
ivLb| Zuvi ingZ Zvì XK dj Ges Zvì Dci kvw ewlZ nq| Avjvn
Zuvi wbKUZg wdwikZvì mvgb Zvì whwKii welqwU AvjvPbv Kib
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2261; evsjv wgkKvZ nv 2151)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, hviv
Avjvni whwKi Ki ZvìK wdwikZvMY wNi _vKb| Avjvni ingZ ZvìK
XK ivL| Avjvn Zuvi mvwbZ wdwikZvMYi mvgb whwKiKvixì gvb-
ghv`vi AvjvPbv Kib|
# "; -( d(D
: Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e cL <"> Z( (O Z( (O ! ";

: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
& c & c 5 ! D B( ( Q! & c 5 c B( ( & g5( c B( ( ( ! -( Qc 1 # <; * (
@ 0 " s ` gs7( c 5 ! D B( ( Qs c 5 c B( (
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, Avwg
Avgvi ev`vi wbKU mic hic m AvgvK fve| Avwg Zvi mv_ _vwK hLb
m AvgvK iY Ki| hw` m AvgvK gb gb iY Ki, AvwgI ZvK Avgvi
gb gb iY Kwi| Avi hw` m AvgvK RbmgvR iY Ki, AvwgI ZvK
Zvì Pq Dg ewì gvS iY Kwi (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2264; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2157)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, ev`v Avgvi
KvQ hgb Avkv Ki Avwg Zvi Avkv Zgb c~iY Ki _vwK| ev`v hgb AvgvK
WvK, Avwg Zgb Zvi WvK mvov `B| Avwg ev`vi wekvmi AbyKj AvPiY
Ki _vwK|
~ . <D
: Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . .n ( c -( ;
-( 07m& qs )(*, t: [G
5( q )(*
> tF H # 9V -( 0(m -( i ; ! 7(5( q "% & tF H d(D
=; ! " p
> C( D =;. c "* j > C( D =;. ! " p > C( D =< c "* j > C( D & -(
P) c ~ i 9 ( > r qP )( U ` } . k(& j C c "C ( qP ( 3 ! D-( c i $ 9 c D-(
@XP 07m&$ ! C (
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, h
ew Avgvi wbKU GKwU fvj KvR wbq DcwZ ne Zvi Rb Zvi `kY
40 K eo jvfevb
cyivi iqQ| Avwg Zvi PqI ekx wè| Avi h GKwU g` KvR wbq
DcwZ ne Zvi cwZdj Zvi Abyic GKY iqQ| A_ev Avwg gvd Ki wè|
h Avgvi GK weNZ wbKU Avm Avwg Zvi GK nvZ wbKU hvB| Avi h Avgvi
GK nvZ wbKU Avm, Avwg Zvi GK evg wbKU nB| Avi h Avgvi wbKU nuU
Avm, Avwg Zvi wbKU ùwoq hvB Ges Avgvi wbKU cw_ex c~Y bvn wbq Avm
Avgvi mv_ KvDK kixK bv Ki Avwg Zvi mv_ mvvr Kwi H cwigvY gv
wbq (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2265)| Avjvn cZKwU fvj KvRK Zvi `kYiI ekx
Kib| gvbyl hZUzKz Avjvni wbKU nZ Pvq Avjvn Zvi wY wbKU nb| gvbyl
h MwZZ Avjvni wbKU hvq, Avjvn Zvi Pq AbK ekx MwZZ gvbyli
wbKU hvb| kixK Qvov h Kvb bvn Avjvn gv Ki wèb| gvbyl gv PvBj
Avjvn gv Kieb| Avjvn gv Kivi Rb Acgvb|
Z( (O
F 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
p b 5& >$ c> ( f > -( ts c i 1 # <; c> ( j > C( D j % & ! ( N # C( 5( c 2;
1 M ! $ , p "A 5( ! << -( (g5( ! <> - d> 6 5"> c> ( j > C( 9 1 # <; Z [9 ! 7(;
c "(k(, & 0 c i $ 9 c ! 7(H . 0 U <9 c # 9 ! S <9 1 M S
! T $ 9
u & ; 1 2 2L D ! 7; (5 -( ts c ; ' 2 2> D ! >M( ;k( c ( , )( ! ">U ; k(
@! " ! (#> /( ! DtF B& -( -( ' $ & A& 9 ] $ &
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, h Avgvi
Kvb `vK `ykgb fve Avwg Zvi mv_ hy NvlYv Kwi| Avgvi ev`v Avgvi
bKU jvf KiZ cvie bv Ggb Kvb wRwbm viv hv Avgvi wbKU wcqZi nZ
cvi| Avwg hv Zvi cwZ dih KiwQ Zv Acv Ges Avgvi ev`v me`v Avgvi
bKU jvfi Pv KiZ _vK bdj Bev`Zi gvag| Aekl Avwg ZvK
fvjevwm| Avi Avwg hLb ZvK fvjevwm Avwg Zvi Kvb nq hvB, hv viv m
b, Avwg Zvi PvL nh hvB, hv viv m `L| Avwg Zvi nvZ nq hvB hv viv
m ai Ges Avwg Zvi cv nq hvB hv viv m Pj Ges hLb m Avgvi wbKU
wKQy Pvq Avwg ZvK Zv `B| Avi Avwg hv KiZ PvB, Zv KiZ BZZt Kwi
bv| Ze gywgbi Avv Keh KiZ BZZt Kwi| m giYK Acm` Ki Avwg
ZvK Am KiZ Acm` Kwi| wK giY Zvi Rb AvekK| ZeB m Avgvi
wbKU cuQZ cvie (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2266; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2159)|
K eo jvfevb 41
evLv : Avjvn ZvKIqvkxj gvbyli Kvb, PvL I nvZ-cv nq hvb| Gi A_ GB
bq h, gvbyl Bev`Z ev whwKi KiZ KiZ Avjvn nq hvq eis Zvi Kvb, PvL
I nvZ-cvqi Kg nZ _vK Avjvni mw Abyhvqx| A_ev GmKj A viv h
me KjvYKi KvR KiZ Pvq Avjvn Zv mnR Ki `b| A_ev Ggb gvbyl me`v
Avjvni ingZi ga _vK| cZK gymjgvbi Rb KZe bdj Bev`Z I
whwKi Ki Zvi Kvb, PvL I nvZ-cv nq wekl mw ARb Kiv|
~ . <D ! 7 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
# O( Y B& ! 5 =7G # H (g5( B& MJ u G ( <>9 4 P8 5 XP . >, qP A( ^(7 d(D
(g5( #L t $ > 0 " )7($ 9 d> 0 % "H k( =8 0 8 z> 0
9-( 0 7(; -( 3 6 H [> ;
: 0 k( 5( Z( (O t $ > d( # e H ; O> ( D
? 77J0 9 ? <*A( 9 ? % <* 9 } . k(& c5 ? ( 2s <; # "; ")&H ( C 5( )&H
c ">H -(. 6& 3 Z( (O ? ">H ? k( 9 (O c k(
9 ( Z( (O ? k( 9 ? # $ % 9
c "G 9 > Z( (O ? G
9 (O c ">H -(. ( z A( 5( Z( (O j * . 1 -( ( (O
(O 1 . -(. ( z A( 5( Z( (O ( (O 1 . -(. 6& 3 Z( (O j * . 9 ~ . (O
. G, >$ 0 D H -( k(, 0 U( ; k(5( 0 ( ' ( ( # O( Z C 5( Z( (O ?
9
' ( ( ! ( Z C 5( Z( (O 0 u 7(G 5( > $> t U` #Y <; W 4 ( 5 0 5 j * . ( C 5( Z( (O
@ 0 7H 0 d(Ci 9 /( _ C( & 3
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv AwZwi GK`j
chUK dikZv iqQ, hviv whwKii gRwjm A^lY Ki eovb| hLb Ggb
Kvb gRwjm cvb hvZ Avjvni whwKi nQ Zviv Zvì mv_ em hvb Ges GK
Abi mv_ cvLv wgwjq whwKiKvixì cvk nZ GB c_g Avmgvb ch mg
vbK wNi bb| hLb whwKiKvixMY gRwjm ZvM Ki ZLb wew nq co
wdwikZvMY AvKvki w`K AZtci Aviv Dci DV hvb| ivm~jyjvn Qvt) ejb,
ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv ZvìK wRm Kib, A_P wZwb Zvì evcvi mevwaK
AeMZ| Zvgiv Kv_v nZ Avmj? Zviv ejb, Avgiv Avcbvi Ggb ev`vì
wbKU nZ Avmjvg hviv hgxb AvQ Ges Avcbvi cweZv eYbv KiQ, gn I
42 K eo jvfevb
GKZZv NvlYv KiQ, Avcbvi cksmv KiQ I Avcbvi wbKU cv_bv KiQ|
ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv wRm Kib Zviv Avgvi wbKU wK cv_bv KiQ?
wdwikZvMY ejb, Avcbvi RvbvZ cv_bv KiQ| ZLb Avjvn ejb, Zviv wK
Avgvi RvbvZ `LQ? Zviv ejb, bv n Avgvì cwZcvjK! ZLb Avjvn
ejb, Kgb nZ hw` Zviv Avgvi RvbvZ `LZ? AZtci wdwikZvMY ejb,
Zviv Avcbvi wbKU Avkq PvQ| ZLb Avjvn wRm Kib, Kvb wRwbm nZ
cwivY PvQ? Zviv ejb, Avcbvi Rvnvbvg _K| ZLb wZwb wRm Kib,
Zviv wK Avgvi Rvnvbvg `LQ? Zviv ejb, bv n Avgvì cwZcvjK! ZLb
wZwb wRm Kib, Kgb nZ hw` Zviv Avgvi Rvnvbvg `LZ? AZtci Zviv
ejb, Zviv Avcbvi wbKU gvI PvQ| ivm~j (Qvt) ejb, ZLb Avjvn ejb,
Avwg Zvì gv Ki w`jvg Ges Zviv Avgvi wbKU hv Pvq ZvI w`jvg| Avi hv
nZ cwivY Pvq Zv nZ cwivY w`jvg| ivm~j (Qvt) ejb, ZLb wdwikZvMY
ejb, n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Zvì ga AgyK Zv AZ bvnMvi ev`v, m
c_ w`q hvwQj| Avi Zvì mv_ em MQ| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, ZLb Avjvn
ejb, Avwg ZvKI gv Ki w`jvg| Zviv Ggb `j hvì mv_x nZfvM nq bv
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2267; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2160)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, hviv whwKi Ki Zvì mv_ AwZwi chUK

wdwikZv _vKb| whwKiKvixìK Avjvn gv Kib, ZvìK Rvnvbvg _K
gyw `b| Zviv `ywbqvZ hv Pvq Avjvn Zv `vb Kib|
Y B f
Y 7& O( Y B ( W ! 78
5& -( Z( (C5( M( I
>"5( Y ` Z $& 1L -( "$ 7; ( Z( (O ( r( ;
@! $9 d(7; ! " D qW " ] qW H V
QvIevb (ivt) ejb, Avgiv hw` RvbZ cviZvg Kvb m` Dg Ze Zv mq
KiZvg| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zvgvì Kviv k m` nj AvjvnK
iYKvix wRnv, KZZv ^xKviKvix Ai Ges Cgvb`vi x| h Zvi ^vgxK
Zvi Cgvbi evcvi mvnvh Ki (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2277; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2170)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, H wRnv mePq k m` h wRnv me`v AvjvnK

iY KiZ cvi| Zvmexn-Zvnjxj, whKi-AvhKvi e _vK|
K eo jvfevb 43
[> ;
F Z( (O 7, ! 7(;

: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ ( c p
B( > %
D c B( ( 3 ( 1
# <; T -( Z C 9 6 H
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, Avwg
Avgvi ev`vi mv_ _vwK, hLb m Avgvi whwKi Ki Ges Avgvi Zi Zvi `yI
bo (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2285; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2177)| nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, hviv
Avjvni whwKi Ki Avjvn Zvì mv_ _vKb| A_vr Zvi mvnvh, `qv I ingZ
me`v Zvi Dci ewlZ nZ _vK|
Wvb KvZ q wbgv `vAv co Nyg
ew
Nygvbvi mybZ nQ Wvb KvZ khv MnY Kiv| wbgi `vAv co Nywgq Mj
Ges Nyg Aevq gviv Mj, Cgvb Aevq gviv hve| Avi Nyg _K RM DVj
KjvY mn DVe|
-( ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! ";
: c b . j s V ; t <& ;
c 0 H p 0 H> ? ( c & p $ 7(, -( > 0 7 Z( (O > r $ 9k(& ! CJ d(7; _ ! 5 d(
G" ( k(G 7& ( ? ( qP <3 . qP <& . ?
( 1 0 ( ' k& G
&-( ? ( 1
-( p
b > 5( ? (
d7e
Z , . Z( (O p 7& , . -( 1 M ? *<" p &[ -( 1
M ? A p
" N ? ( ? "
p
<e -( p % <e -( & X U& & d(7; ' ! 7(( p % D ' > r > 0 ((O 7, ! 7(;
:
@=`
eviv Beby Avwhe (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) hLb khvq Avkq wbZb Wvb cvki
Dci BZb| AZtci ejZb, Avjvn Avwg wbRK Zvgvi wbKU mgcY
Kijvg| Zvgvi w`K gyL wdivjvg, Avgvi KvR Zvgvi wbKU b Kijvg Ges
Zvgiv mvnvhi cwZ Avwg fimv Kijvg ^vMn I fq| Zvgvi wbKU Qvov
Zvgv nZ Avkq cvIqvi I gyw cvIqvi Kvb vb bB| Avwg Zvgvi H
wKZveK wekvm Kwi hv, Zzwg AeZxY KiQ| Zvgvi bexK wekvm Kwi hvK Zzwg
ivm~j wnvmve ciY KiQ| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, h GB `vAv khv
MnYi mgq eje Ges ivZ gviv hve m Bmjvgi Dci GKZevì wfwZ
44 K eo jvfevb
Cgvb`vi nq gviv hve| Ab eYbvq iqQ ivm~j (Qvt) eviv Beby Avwhe (ivt)
K ejjb, hw` Zzwg mB ivZB gviv hvI Zzwg Bmjvgi Dci gie| Avi hw`
Zzwg fvi DV, Ze KjvYi mv_ DVe (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2385; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2274)| nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, A `vAv co khv MnY Kij wbRi me
wKQyK Avjvni wbKU mgcY Kiv nq| cv_bv I Avkqi j GKgv Avjvni
wbKU nq hvq| KziAvb I bexi cwZ `pfve ^xKvivw ck Kiv nq| Ggb
jvK ivZ Nyg _K RvMj KjvY wbq RvMe| KvRB Avgvì Rxeb khv
MnYi mgq A `vAv co Nygvbvi Afvm Kiv GKv hiix| Avjvn
AvgvìK ZvIdxK `vb Kib-Avgxb!
KziAvb ZjvIqvKvix
eo jvfevb nIqvi AbZg gvag KziAvb ZjvIqvZ Kiv| KziAvb ZjvIqvZ
Kij Avjvni ingZ I kvw ewlZ nq| kqZvbi cwZwqv _vK bv| KziAvb
ZjvIqvZ Kij Avjvn ihxZ eiKZ `b| ZjvIqvZKvixi c KziAvb
wKqvgZi w`b mycvwik Kie|
c5 % 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . ` Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
O(" ! " c Dk& 5( E C & d( -( ( %U& d( _s 9 6 B # 9 & -( f L %
9 A 9L-( Z( (C5( q S
L
# 9 4 ( 5(-( Z( (O ? ( f L %
Z( , . 9 "7& C 5( s . T U& O( ( s r& ( c 5 9 B(
O( ! ( Y ` 6 H [> ;
j B 9N - C& 9 -( 7 5( # G
$ & d( B # -(
@6 g& > 3 2 #; -( Ts . -( ! ( Y ` TY . -( {
s (7r( ! ( Y ` {W (7r(
IKev Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, Avgiv gmwRì wcQb ei nq GKwU vb
Dcwe wQjvg| Ggb mgq ivm~j (Qvt) ei nq Avmjb Ges ejjb, Zvgvì
ga K Pvq h, m cZn mKvj eyZnvb A_ev AvKxK bvgK evRvi hve Avi
eo KzuRi AwaKvix `ywU DUbx wbq Avme, Kvb Aciva bv Ki I AvxqZvi
eb wQb bv Ki? Avgiv ejjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgiv Ggb myhvM
cZKB MnY KiZ PvB| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Ze Kb Zvgvì Kvb ew
gmwR` wMq `ywU AvqvZ wkv `q bv ev wkv MnY Ki bv, A_P GKvR Zvi
Rb `ywU DUbx Acv Dg? wZb AvqvZ wZbwU DUbx Acv Dg Ges Pvi
K eo jvfevb 45
AvqvZ PviwU DUbx Acv Dg| gvUK_v hZ AvqvZ coe ev cove ZZ DUbx
Acv Dg ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2110; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2008)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, GKwU eo `vgx DUbx `vb Ki hZ bKx cvIqv hve,
KziAvbi GKwU AvqvZ gmwR` wMq coj ev covj Zvi Pq AwaK bKx
cvIqv hve| Gfve hZ AvqvZ coe ev cove ZZ DUbx Acv ekx bKx
cvIqv hve|
B # -( f
L % 9-( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
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(e c 5 B # -( > 0 - C& 9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zvgvì KD wK GUv
fvjevme h, m hLb evox wdi Avme, ZLb m wZbwU cy eo KzuR wewk
MfavwiYx DUbx cve? Avgiv ejjvg, wbqB| wZwb ejjb, gb iLv, wZbwU
AvqvZ hv Zvgvì KD Zvi QvjvZ co Zv Zvi Rb Gaibi wZbwU DUbx
Acv Dg (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2111; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2009)| G nv`xQ viv cZxqgvb
nq h, QvjvZi ga mewb wZbwU AvqvZ cojI ZvK eo `vgx wZbwU DUbx
`vb Kivi mgvb bKx Ìqv ne|
T NC & 3 $& 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O p ((O 0 ";
: c b . q( i ^; ;
@ H -( ! ( h ! 7(; 3 ! 5 T 9 C& 9 1
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Avqkv (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, KziAvb cvV ` ew mvwbZ
jLK wdwikZvì mv_ _vKeb| Avi h KziAvb co wK AvUKvq Ges
KziAvb cov Zvi c Lye K`vqK nq Zvi Rb `yBY bKx iqQ (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2112; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2010)| G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, hviv A_
mnKvi myì DPviY `Zvi mv_ KziAvb coZ cvi Ges wbqwgZ co Zviv
RvbvZ mevP Avmbi AwaKvix ne| Avi hviv myì Ki KziAvb coZ cvi
bv, coj AvUK hvq Ges cov Lye KKi nq Zvì Rb Wej bKx iqQ|
46 K eo jvfevb
F 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";

: c b . j UI & $ ; ;
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9 =O& -( j
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Igi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, GB KziAvbi gvag Avjvn Kvb Kvb
RvwZK DbZ Kib Ges Abì AebZ Kib (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2115; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2013)|
G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, GKgv KziAvbi gvag gvbyl BnKvj I ciKvj
ghv`v jvf KiZ cvi| Avi KziAvb ZjvIqvZ bv Kij gvbyl Dfq Rxeb ne
jvwZ|
! <H d( z 0 A( & X( . , - C& 9 6W H . ( (B Z( (O ! ";
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Nvov iwk viv euvav wQj| Gmgq GK L gN ZvK XK wbj Ges Zvi AwZ
wbKUZi nZ jvMj| Avi Zvi Nvov jvdvZ jvMj| m hLb mKvj bex Kixg
(Qvt)-Gi wbKU Gm NUbv eYbv Kij| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zv wQj Avjvni
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wbKUZi nqwQj| Zzwg hw` coZ _vKZ Zviv mKvj ch Z_vq _K hZ
Ges gvbyl Zvì `LZ cZ, Zviv gvbyli `w _K jyKvZ cviZ bv (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2116-2117; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2014-2015)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h,
KziAvb ZjvIqvZ Kij Avjvni ingZ I kvw bvwhj nq| wdwikZviv KziAvb
bvi Rb `j eua bg Avmb|
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7 G
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> (C A D
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì Ni mg~nK Keivb
cwiYZ Ki bv| wbtm`n kqZvb mB Ni nZ cjvqb Ki h Ni m~iv evKvivn
ZjvIqvZ Kiv nq (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2119; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2017)| A nv`xQ viv
eySv Mj h, h Ni KziAvb ZjvIqvZ Kiv nq bv m Ni Keivbi bvq| h
Ni KziAvb ZjvIqv Kiv nq m Ni nZ kqZvb cvwjq hvq|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
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Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! ";
: c b . c* 73 <& q( - c -( ;
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(O 5 $0 >k(B( -( 9( $0 >k(B( -( $( $0 >k(B( q C & _ 9 Dk& D $0 >g5( ( $ ;
0B( D qW B( 3M( ` -( g5( X C( <& X( . , t: O& $0 %e
-( ; >H%D x > e s y(
@q 7(U( <& 0 U D ( XW
Avey Dgvgv (ivt) ejb, Avwg bex Kixg (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ, Zvgiv KziAvb
ZjvIqvZ Ki| Kbbv KziAvb wKqvgZi w`b ZjvIqvZKvixi Rb mycvwik
KiZ Avme| Zvgiv `yB Dj m~iv evKvivn I Avj Bgivb ZjvIqvZ Ki|
Kbbv wKqvgZi w`b m~iv `ywU `yBwU gNL A_ev `yBwU mvwgqvbv A_ev `ywU
cvLv cmvwiZ cvwLi SuvKic Avme Ges cvVKì c Avjvni mvgb Rvivj
`vex Rvbve| weklfve Zvgiv m~iv evKvivn co| KviY m~iv evKvivn covi
wewbgq nQ eiKZ Avi bv covi cwiYvg nQ Avc| Ajm ewivB G m~iv
coZ Ag (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2120)| A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, KziAvb
wKqvgZi w`b Avjvni wbKU ZjvIqvZKvixi Rb mycvwik Kie| m~iv evKvivn
I m~iv Avj Bgivb wKqvgZi w`b gNLi bvq Qvqv nq _vKe| m~iv `ywU
cvVKK RvbvZ `qvi Rb Avjvni wbKU Rvivj `vex Kie| m~iv evKvivn
ZjvIqvZ Kij A_ m` eiKZ ne| Avi Ajm ewiv G m~iv coZ Pvq
bv|
{_ LC( & cL %
& 3 / ! ( /(
: } 0> -( c* , A & q( 9N -& O& (5 ?
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48 K eo jvfevb
Aekl wZwb ejjb, Zzwg hLb khv MnY Kie ZLb AvqvZzj Kzimx coe
Avjv jv Bjvnv Bjvqv Iqvj nvBqyj KvBqyg AvqvZi kl ch| Zvnj
Avjvni c _K me`v Zvgvi Rb GKRb iK _vKe Ges mKvj ch
kqZvb Zvgvi wbKU AvmZ cvie bv (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2113; esjv wgkKvZ
nv/2021)|
AvqvZzj Kzimx GK ewZg AvqvZ| KziAvbi mePq ghv`v mb AvqvZ nQ

AvqvZzj Kzimx| khv MnYi mgq GUv ZjvIqvZ Kij mKvj ch kqZvb
Kvb wZ KiZ cvie bv| h Kvb QvjvZ mvjvgi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx coj
m ew gZzeiY Kiv gvB RvbvZ hve|
7, ! 7(;
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: c b . v s ><; ;
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-( C& D ( X C( <& X . , D` j
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@! U ; - $0 " x s %
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Dcwe wQjb, Ggb mgq Dci w`K nZ GKwU ìRv Lvjvi k bjb| wZwb
Dci w`K gv_v DVvjb Ges ejjb, Avmgvbi GB h ìRvwU AvR Lvjv nj,
GB ìRv Gw`bi c~e Avi Kvb w`b Lvjv nqwb| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, m
ìRv nZ GKRb wdwikZv hgxb bvgjb| ZLb wReivCj ejjb, GB h,
wdwikZv hgxb bvgjb, wZwb Gw`b Qvov BwZc~e Kvb w`b hgxb bvgbwb|
wZwb ivm~j (Qvt)-K mvjvg Kijb| AZtci ejjb, `ywU b~ii RvwZi
mymsev` MnY Kib, hv AvcbvK `qv nqQ Ges Avcbvi c~e Kvb bexK
`qv nqwb-m~iv dvwZnv I m~iv evKvivi klvsk| Avcwb Zvi h Kvb Ai ev
evK cvV Kib bv Kb wbqB AvcbvK Zv `qv ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2124;
nv`xQ viv eySv Mj, A AvqvZwj c~ei Kvb bexK `qv nqwb| GB
AvqvZwj AvKvki wekl GK ìRv w`q AeZxY Kiv nqQ, hv c~e Kvbw`b
K eo jvfevb 49
Lvjv nqwb| AvqvZwj Ggb GKRb wdwikZv wbq GmwQjb, whwb c~e
Kvbw`b hgxb Avmbwb| A AvqvZwj co hv PvIqv ne Avjvn ZvB wèb|
9 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O ! ";

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Avey gvmD` AvbQvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, m~iv evKvivi kl `yB
AvqvZ h ivZ coe Zvi Rb Zv h_ ne (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2115; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/2023)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Kvb ew ivZ m~iv evKvivi kl `yAvqvZ coe m

kqZvbi wZ nZ wbivc` _vKe| Avjvn ZvK wekl ingZi gvag
wbivc` ivLeb| Ab GK eYbvq iqQ, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h evoxZ m~iv
evKvivi kl `yAvqvZ cov ne m evoxZ kqZvb cek Ki bv|
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AvqvZ gyL Kie ZvK `vvj nZ wbivc` ivLv ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2126;
G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, m~iv Kvndi c_g `k AvqvZ gyL Ki wbqwgZ

coj ZvK `vvji drbv nZ wbivc` ivLv ne|
B # -( [ G 9-( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( !";
cb. t 2. #> c-( ;
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( 7r qs 7(( c 5 -( C& 9 & -(
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Avey `vi`v (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì KD wK cwZ ivZ GK-
ZZxqvsk KziAvb coZ Ag? QvnvexMY ejjb, wK Ki cwZ ivZ GK-
ZZxqvsk KziAvb coe? wZwb ejjb, m~iv Kzj Iqvjv Avnv` (BLjvQ)
KziAvbi GK-ZZxqvski mgvb (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/212; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2025)|
50 K eo jvfevb
evLv : m~iv BLjvQ GZ gvb mb m~iv hv GKevi coj GZ bKx ne h,
KziAvbi wZbfvMi GKfvM coj hZ bKx nq| A_vr m~iv BLjvQ wZbevi
coj c~Y KziAvb covi mgvb bKx ne|
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: d7e c> <"> -( 0 ";
: c b . q( i ^; ;
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5( ? ( T "S 9 ts c 1* k( 7, Z( (C5( 7, ! 7(;
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Avqkv (ivt) nZ ewYZ AvQ, GKevi bex Kixg (Qvt) GK ewK GK
mbv`ji mbvcwZ Ki cvVvjb| m Zvi mxì QvjvZ Av`vq KivZ Ges
wKiAvZ kl m~iv BLjvQ coZ| hLb Zviv g`xbvq wdijb, bex Kixg (Qvt)-
Gi wbKU welqwU ck Kijb| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zvgiv ZvK wRm Ki
m wK KviY Gic Ki| Zviv ZvK wRm Kij| m ejj, GB m~ivZ Avjvni
Yvejx AvQ| Avi Avwg Avjvni Yvejx cvV KiZ fvjevwm| ZLb bex Kixg
(Qvt) ejjb, Zvgiv ZvK Rvwbq `vI h, Avjvn ZvK fvjevmb (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2128; evsjv wgkKvZ nv2026)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, cZK ivKAvZ wKivAvZ kl m~iv BLjvQ

cov fvj| wKivAvZ kl m~iv BLjvQ coj AvjvnK fvjevmvi cgvY nh|
GZ Avjvn ZvK fvjevmb| Avi G fvjevmvi cwiYvg RvbvZ|
6& O} X( .
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Avbvm (ivt) ejb, GK`v GK ew ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j! Avwg GB m~iv Kzj
Iqvjv Avnv` fvjevwm| ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejjb, Zvi cwZ Zvgvi fvjevmv
ZvgvK RvbvZ cuQ è (eyLvix nv/3130)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, gvbylK
m~iv BLjvQi cwZ wekl fvjevmv ivLZ ne| G m~ivK h ew fvjevme
Avjvn ZvK fvjevmeb|
K eo jvfevb 51
6 B ! 5 d( -( ( ( (B 7, ! 7(;
: d7e c> <"> -( 0 ";
: c b . q( i ^; ;
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* ; -( 6& O #Y -(
: 3 6& O $0 5 -( C( 5( $0 5 w

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! 0 H ! , -&. d(7; $0 -# <9 #
H (U, $0 R $ 9 > r v >" j * ; -(
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Avqkv (ivt) nZ ewYZ, bex Kixg (Qvt) hLb cZK ivZ khv MnY KiZb,
ZLb `ynvZi Zvjy GK KiZb| AZtci ZvZ m~iv BLjvQ, m~iv dvjvK I m~iv
bvm co dzuK w`Zb| Zrci ^xq kixii meci Amg~n gyQ djZb| wZwb
gv_v I gyLgj nZ Avi KiZb| Gic wZwb wZbevi KiZb (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/2132)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, weQvbvq kvqvi mgq `ynvZ GK Ki m~iv

BLjvQ, m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm co dzuK w`q kixii hZ`~i me nvZ viv gyQ
dj Nygvbv mybZ| Abyic wZbevi Kiv mybZ| Gfve khv MnY Kij Avjvn
Zvi Dci ingZ elY Kieb Ges m ivZ wbivc` _vKe|
Z (C9 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. s$ ;
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"B $B( 6& D*. E D. -& O& NC & f
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Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, wKqvgZi w`b KziAvb
ZjvIqvZKvixK ejv ne KziAvb ZjvIqvZ KiZ _vK Ges Dci DVZ
_vK| Ai Ai I k k fve cvV KiZ _vK, hfve `ywbqvZ
fve cvV KiZwQj| Kbbv Zvgvi Rb RvbvZ emevmi vb nQ
Zvgvi ZjIqvZi kl AvqvZi wbKU (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qvnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ
evLv : Ggb nZ cvi h, RvbvZi mevP I ghv`v mb vb hvIqvi avci

msLv KziAvbi AvqvZi msLvi mgcwigvY| hviv fve KziAvb ZjvIqvZ
me`v Af Avjvn Zvì Rb RvbvZ gvb wbaviY Kieb Zvì ZjvIqvZ
hLvb wMq kl ne|
52 K eo jvfevb
P5 -O( : 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . 2s
;
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( QWq" ! 7(5(
j B
@x Y Y QYx _Y /( QYx
Ave`yjvn Beby gvmE` (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew KziAvbi
Kvb GKwU Ai cvV Kie, Zvi Rb bKx iqQ| Avi bKx nQ Avgji
`kY| Avwg ejwQ bv h Avwjd-jvg-gxg GKwU Ai| eis Avwjd GKwU
Ai, jvg GKwU Ai Ges gxg GKwU Ai (wZiwghx nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ
nv/2137; evsjv wgkKvZ nv 2034)|
G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Av`g mvb GKwU bKx Kij Avjvn `qv Ki
GKi vb `kwU bKx wjL wèb| AZGe KziAvbi cwZ Ai `k bKx
cvIqv hve| A_vr Avwjd, jvg I gxg ejj wk bKx cvIqv hve|
{
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Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";

: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
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0 A( & Z > -( ' s 9N
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew m~iv Kvndi c_g wZb
AvqvZ coe ZvK `vvji dZbv nZ wbivc` ivLv ne (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn,
wgkKvZ nv/2146)|
A nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, m~iv Kvndi c_g wZb AvqvZ wbhwgZ coj, ZvK
`vvji dZbv nZ iv Kiv ne| DjL h, m~iv Bqvmxb GKevi coj,
`kevi KziAvb covi mgvb bKx `qv nq gg ewYZ nv`xQwU wbZvB hCd|
XP . , 7, ! 7(;
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@? 7& $ & # 1
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( qP 9N ( r(7r( NC &
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, KziAvb wk
AvqvZi GKwU m~jv AvQ, hv GK ewi Rb mycvwik KiwQj dj ZvK gvd
Kiv nqQ| m m~ivwU nQ ZvevivKvjvhx weqvw`wnj gzjK (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn,
Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2153; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2049)|
K eo jvfevb 53
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, A m~ivi GK wekl ghv`v iqQ| KviY m~Y
KziAvb wKqvgZi w`b ZjvIqvZKvixi Rb mycvwik Kie| Avi G m~ivi
mycvwik Keyj Kiv ne| dj ZjvIqvZKvixi Keii kvw gv Kiv ne|
6 9[ "D -( C& 9 d> _ "9 /( ( (B 7, ! 7(;
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c> <"> -( ! ";
: c b . s H ;
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Rvwei (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) m~iv mvR`v Ges m~iv gyjK
bv co NygvbZb bv (kvim mybvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2155; evsjv wgkKvZ nv
2051)|
( 7, ! 7(;

: d7e
Z , . Z( O( /( O( $0 ";
: c b . u s -( vs ><; ;
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( 7r Z # D #Y -(
: 3 6& O NC & z

S Z # D p
([ &V
@ NC & T . Z # D
Beby Avevm I Avbvm Beby gvwjK (ivt) nZ ewYZ Zuviv ejb, ivm~j (Qvt)
ejQb, m~iv whjhvj KziAvbi AaKi mgvb, m~iv BLjvQ KziAvbi GK
ZZxqvski mgvb Ges m~iv KvwdiY GK PZz_vski mgvb (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/2156;
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, m~iv whjhvj `yevi coj c~Y KziAvb covi mgvb
bKx cvIqv hve| m~iv BLjvQ wZbevi coj c~Y KziAvb covi mgvb bKx
cvIqv hve| m~iv KvwdiY Pvievi coj c~Y KziAvb covi mgvb bKx cvIqv
hve| cKvk _vK h, whjhvji AskUzKz hCd|
q ( %
G & 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . T , -( -( " Z( (O s ; q( <C& ; ;
> 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . 6( G 5( XW # 9# qW $ 7& RY 9. "i ( & t k(&
W * ( > D $5( $0 & > D q <C& ; 9 Z C 9 v
>" j * ; -( E 7(( & j* ; k(
@$0 7m&$
IKev Beby Avwgi (ivt) ejb, GK`v Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_ Ryndv I
AveIqvi gaeZx GjvKvq PjwQjvg Ggb mgq AvgvìK cej So I Nvi
54 K eo jvfevb
AKvi XK djj| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm viv Avjvni
wbKU Avkq cv_bv KiZ jvMjb Ges ejjb, n IKev! Zzwg GB m~ivq viv
Avjvni wbKU Avkq cv_bv Ki| KviY GB m~iv qi gZ Avi Kvb m~iv viv
Kvb cv_bvKvix Avkq cv_bv KiZ cvi bv (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, So-Sv wKsev h Kvb wec` co Avkq PvIqvi

mePq eo gvag m~iv dvjvK I bvm| wbRI Avkq PvBe Ges mx-mv_x I
cwievi-cwiRbK Avkq PvIqvi Rb eje| Avkq PvIqvi Rb G m~ivq hZ
eo gvag Avi Kvb m~iv ev Kvb AvqvZ GZ eo gvag bq|
f
7U& Xs # 9# qs $ 7& Xs U qs 7(( c 5 "H ` Z( (O ! ";
: c b . f s <`
# <; ;
: 3 6& O 6& O Z( (O Z O-( p 7& C 5( 6& O Z( (C5( "B& . 2 k(5( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , .
@ts c 6J B ? A& D ' s > { ( (7r( c
$ D R <S D D( * $ & #Y -(
Ave`yjvn Beby Lyevqe (ivt) ejb, GKevi Avgiv So-ew I Nvi AKvivQb
ivZ ivm~j (Qvt)-K LuvRvi Dk ei njvg Ges ZvuK cjvg| ZLb wZwb
ejjb, co, Avwg ejjvg wK coe? wZwb ejjb, hLb Zzwg mKvj Kie wZbevi
Ki m~iv BLjvQ, m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm coe Ges hLb mv Kie ZLb
wZbevi Ki GB m~ivwj coe| GB m~ivwj h Kvb wec`vcì gvKvwejvq
Zvgvi Rb h_ ne (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2163; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2059)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, D m~ivwj mKvj-mv wZbevi Ki coj h Kvb
mgmv _K Avjvn ZvK iv Kieb|
z
0 A( & X( . , -( O( Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e c> <"> -( ! ";

: c b . #s , c -( ;
@ $ G
& . "L ! ( tF b-( q $ G
& _ 9 d 5
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, h ew RygAvi w`b
m~iv Kvnd coe Zvi Cgvbx Avjv GK RygAv nZ Aci RygAv ch PgwKZ
_vKe (evqnvKx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2175; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2071)| G nv`xQ viv eySv
Mj h RygAvi w`b m~iv Kvnd coj Aci RygAv ch h Kvb Abvq nZ
iv cvIqvi Rb Ges h Kvb KjvY ARb Kivi Rb Avjvi gZ KvR Kie|
K eo jvfevb 55
7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , . p $ , : Z( (O Q! ";
: c b . ( $ , v >"> ;
X . , ! # C& D #L c5 ! ( 7$ 9 (B 9M ! 73 -( NC q C _ 9 dD] 9 : Z C 9
@$0 < e ; >H%D Q($ ; Z N X C( <
bvIqvm Beby mvgAvb (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ,
wKqvgZi w`b KziAvbK Ges hviv `ywbqvZ KziAvb Abyhvqx Avgj KiZ
ZvìK Avbv ne| KziAvbi AvM AvM _vKe m~iv evKvivn I m~iv Avj
Bgivb| Avi G m~iv `ywU Zvì ZjvIqvZKvixì c _K Revew`wn Kie
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ, wiqvhyQ Qvwjnxb, 3/43ct)| wKqvgZi w`b ZjvIqvKvixi c nq
KziAvb Avjvni ìevi mycvwik Kie Ges m~iv evKvivn I Avj Bgivb AMYx
fwgKv cvjb Kie|
B ` 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b
. ( ; ( $ m&; ;
@! $ 7; ( NC & 7 D
IQgvb (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì ga m ew mevg h
KziAvb wkv Ki Ges AbK wkv `q (eyLvix, wiqvhyQ Qvwjnxb, 3/43ct)| G nv`xQ
viv eySv Mj h, KziAvb GK AZzjbxq ghv`v mb AjwKK M, hvi wkv
MnYKvix Ges wkK BnKvj I ciKvj mePq ekx mvbi AwaKvix ne|
GRb KziAvb cov Ges covbvi Rvivj Pv Kiv GKv KZe|
. 0 Ul 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b . * F ?
c -( ;
k7($ D -( a7($ D
# $ %
&
( %<, Q([$ & : $ D
# $ % & Q $ 9 U&
? ( qW G > NC & Qtb <S
> QW3 q O# S > QY. X 4 (S > Q}. F ' $ >
@0 C -( 0C $ 5( !
& TY ^<5( # 9 v
>" 6l B .? 7(; -(
Avey gvwjK AvkAvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, cweZv AaK Cgvb|
Avjnvg`ywjjvn gvbyli Avgji cvjv c~Y Ki| myenvbvjvn Iqvj nvg`ywjjvn
gvbyli Avgji bKx w`q cwic~Y Ki `q| QvjvZ nj Avjv| `vb nj `vZvi
Cgvbi c `jxj| ah nj RvwZ| KziAvb Zvgvi c wKsev wec cgvY|
56 K eo jvfevb
cZK gvbyl mKvj DV Avvi q-weq Ki| nq AvvK Rvnvbvg _K
gy Ki, bv nq ZvK asm Ki (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/262)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, gvbyl hw` wbqwgZ KziAvb ZjvIqvZ Ki Ges
Z`byhvqx Avgj Ki Zvnj KziAvb wKqvgZi w`b Zvi c Revew`wn Kie|
Ab_v Zvi wei Revew`wn Kie|
myì Ki Ih~Kvix
hme Avgji gvag eo jvfevb nIqv hvq, myì Ki Ih~ Kiv Zvi AbZg|
Avjvn ZvAvjv Ih~ Ki cweZv ARbi Av`k w`qQb| wZwb Ih~i gvag
gvbylK cwe KiZ Pvb Ges Zuvi bAvgZ mg~n gvbyli Dci c~Y KiZ Pvb|
ivm~j (Qvt) Ih~i cwZ h_ iZvivc KiQb Ges AbK dhxjZ eYbv
KiQb| hme KvR eo jvfevb nIqv hvq Ih~ Zvi AbZg|
Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb,
%
E 5$ & d( A 9# 9-( A 3 H 7
& (5 X 4
(S > d( $ O ( " N 9M 09L-(9
# 9 9 A ( s A 7(; 6( G
: # 9 9 ... < A( & d( A 7(H . -( A , t:
@( A i
D A 7 ( A 7(; ! $ > B 0* U(
n Cgvb`viMY! Zvgiv hLb QvjvZ Av`vqi BQv Ki ZLb Zvgiv Zvgvì
gyLgj I nq KbyB ch aZ Ki| Zvgvì gv_v gvmvn Ki Ges c`hyMj
Mvovjx ch aZ Ki| ... Avjvn Zvgvì RxebK msKxY KiZ Pvb bv eis
ZvgvìK cwe KiZ Pvb Ges Zvgvì cwZ Avcb bAvgZ m~Y KiZ
Pvb| hb Zvgiv Kwiqv Av`vq KiZ cvi (gvq`vn 6)|
gbi cweZv hgb GKwU bAvgZ, `ni cweZvI Abyic GKwU bAvgZ|
A AvqvZ viv cgvwYZ nq h, gvbyl Cgvb Avbvi ci Bev`Zi Dk hLb
myìfve Ih~ Ki ZLb Avjvni bAvgZ Zvi Dci cwic~Yic ewlZ nq|
. 0 Ul 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b
.
F ?
c -( ;
@ $ 9 U&
K eo jvfevb 57
Avey gvwjK AvkAvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, cweZv ARb Kiv nQ
Cgvbi AaK (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/281, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/262)| A nv`xQ ivm~j (Qvt)
cweZvK AaK Cgvb ejQb| A_vr Cgvbi gvag Aii cweZv AwRZ
nq Avi Ih~i gvag `ni cweZv AwRZ nq|
d(7; A 2L -( /( - 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
<, : Z( (O Q
Z( , . 9 d(7 O( 'H. #> ! T 5( 9 Q9(U ( !
: %$ 9
A M( 5( X4
(S> # X 4(S > . (K Q#H ( d( (U X m&B( Q. (A( d(7; t b
@ * A M( 5( Q
* A M( 5( Q
*
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avwg wK Zvgvì ej wè bv
h wKmi viv Avjvn gvbyli bvn gyQ `b Ges ghv`v ew Ki `b?
QvnvexMY ejjb, nuv ejyb, n Avjvni ivm~j! wZwb ejjb, K mI c~Yfve
Ih~ Kiv, AwaK c`c gmwR` hvIqv Ges GK QvjvZ kl nIqvi ci Avi
GK QvjvZi cZxvq _vKv| Avi GUvB nQ wievZ ev cwZ (wZbevi wZwb
GK_v ejjb) (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/263)| A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h,
Bmjvgx ivi mxgv ivi Rb gyRvwnìv hgb A-k wbq me`v cZ _K
Avjvni mw ARb Ki, Zgb gyQjxiv K mI myì Ki Ih~ Ki nuU
gmwR` wMq QvjvZi ci QvjvZi Acvq _K Avjvni mw ARb Ki|
k>b D 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b
. ( ; ( $ m&; ;
@ . (& -( p % D
I
D d> # H 9(U` p H ` QFt b k(5(
IQgvb (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, h Ih~ Ki Ges
myì Ki Ih~ Ki, Zvi bvn mg~n Zvi kixi nZ ei nq hvq| GgbwK Zvi
bLi bxP nZI ei nq hvq (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/284, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/264)|
G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Ih~i gvag gvbyli `ni cweZv AwRZ nq|
# < k>b D ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
T ! " 0( K( qs )(U ` 6l B ! 0 H ` ! 0 H 6( 5( ] $ & -( Q7
$ &
0i U( ( (B qs )(U ` 6l B ! 9# 9 ` ! 9# 9 6(
( g5( Qt$& U& O( ` N T -( Qt$&
58 K eo jvfevb
0 i
qs )(U ` 6l B p
H ` ! 7(H . 6( ( (g5( Qt$& U& O( ` N T -( Qt$& T #9
@j Ml C
I
9 d> t $& U& O( ` N T -( t $& T 4
( H .
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Kvb gymjgvb
A_ev gywgb ev`v Ih~ Ki Ges gyLgj aZ Ki ZLb Zvi gyLgj nZ cvwbi
mv_ A_ev cvwbi kl we`yi mv_ m mg bvn ei nq hvq, hv Zvi `yPvLi
gvag nqQ| Avi hLb m `ynvZ aZ Ki ZLb cvwbi mv_ wKsev cvwbi
kl we`yi mv_ m mg bvn ei nq hvq, hv Zvi `ynvZ viv AwRZ nqQ|
hLb m cv aZ Ki ZLb cvwbi mv_ wKsev cvwbi kl we`yi mv_ m mg
bvn ei nq hvq, hv KiZ Zvi cv AMmi nqQ| GgbwK m bvn nZ cvK-
cwe, cwivi-cwiQb nq hvq (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/285, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/265)| A
nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Ih~i KviY Ih~i Awji mg bvn gyQ hvq Ges
m wbvc nq hvq|
] $ & # < & k(b
> D ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , . -( c* %
"S
L
# <; ;
6( ( (g5( ! -( 9(UI & p H ` m(", ( ! 5 9(UI & p H ` | $ 8 $ 5(
! 9# 9 6( ( (g5( Q! "; . ( -( p % D I
D d> ! 0 H 9(UI & p H ` ! 0 H
p H ` ! , -& R (g5( Q! 9# 9 . (& -( p
% D I D d> ! 9# 9 9(UI & p H `
! 7(H . 9(UI & p H ` ! 7(H . 6( ( (g5( Q! -
I
D d> ! , -&. 9(UI &
@! ( qP 7(5 ! D4 (e # G $ & d( ! i
( (B > r Z( (O Q! 7(H . . (& -( p % D I
D d>
Ave`yjvn Qybvwenx (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb gywgb ev`v Ih~ Ki
Ges Kzwj Ki ZLb Zvi gyL nZ bvn mg~n ei nq hvq Ges hLb m bvK
So dj ZLb Zvi bvK _K bvn mg~n ei nq hvq| hLb m Zvi gyL
aZ Ki ZLb Zvi gyL nZ bvn mg~n ei nq hvq, GgbwK Zvi `yPvLi
cvZvi bxP nZI bvn ei nq hvq| Zvici hLb m Zvi `ynvZ aZ Ki
ZLb Zvi `ynvZ nZI bvn mg~n ei nq hvq| GgbwK Zvi `ynvZi bLwji
bxP nZI bvn mg~n ei nq hvq| Zvici hLb m Zvi gv_v gvmvn Ki ZLb
Zvi gv_v nZ bvn mg~n ei nq hvq| GgbwK Zvi `yKvb nZI bvn mg~n
ei nq hvq| Aekl hLb m Zvi `ycv aZ Ki ZLb Zvi `ycv nZ bvn
mg~n ei nq hvq, GgbwK Zvi `ycvqi bLwji bxP nZI bvn mg~n ei nq
K eo jvfevb 59
hvq| Zvici m gmwR` hvq Ges QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Zvi Rb Zvi QvjvZ nq
bdj (bvmvC, wkKvZ nv/297, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/277)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Ih~i gvag Awji bvn Si hvq Ges m
wbvc nq hvq| Zvici gmwR` wMq QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, QvjvZi bKx Zvi
Rb bdj nq hvq| KviY Zvi Kvb bvn bv _vKvq QvjvZ viv bvn gvPbi
cqvRb nq bv|
_s O( . 2 A 7(; _ 4( > 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , . -( ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
"
( - O( " ` "9-(. # O( >- ' 2 2 Q( C 4 ( ( A
: tF & > Q" ]
z B( O( # Dk9 ( 9M "` Qc %e - - Z( (O
Z( , . 9 ? `
6W ` ! ( 4 P H . - ( p 9-.- Z( (C5(
Z( , . 9 ? > - # '
k9 x D
0 >g5 Z( (O Q
Z( , . 9 d(7 O( !7(` x 9 /( -( Qs0 s 3 2 6s ` 1
0 ( qW 7(G
>%
@} ( d(7; 0 y 5( - Qt b 7>G% P ( Dk9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) (g`xbvi RvbvZzj evKx bvgK)
Keivb DcwZ njb Ges gZewì Dk ejjb, _s O( . 2 A
7(; _ 4
(>
Q( C 4
( ( A
: tF & > Q" ] Avcbvì cwZ kvw AeZxY nvK n

gywgb AwaevmxMY! AvgivI BbkvAvjvn Avcbvì mv_ wgwjZ ne| Zvici bex
Kixg (Qvt) ejb, Avgvi AvKvLv Avwg hb Avgvi fvBì `LZ cvB|
QvnvexMY ejjb, n Avjvni ivm~j! (Kvb fvBMY?) Avgiv wK Avcbvi fvB bB?
bex Kixg (Qvt) ejjb, Avcbviv Avgvi mv_x| Avgvi fvB ZvivB hviv GLbI
`ywbqvZ Avmwb| QvnvexMY ejjb, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! hviv GLbI
`ywbqvZ Avmwb Zvì wKfve wPbeb? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Avcbviv ejyb, hw`
Kvb ewi Lye KzPKzP Kvjv Nvovi ga GK`j aeae mv`v Kcvj I mv`v
nvZ-cv wewk Nvov _vK, Zvnj m wK Zvi Nvovwj wPbZ cvie? QvnvexMY
ejjb, n Avjvni ivm~j! nuv, wbqB cvie| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Avgvi
fvBMYI Ih~i KviY wKqvgZi w`b mic aeae mv`v Kcvj I mv`v n-c`
wewk Aevq DcwZ ne Ges Avwg nvIh KvIQvii wbKU Zvì AMMvgx
wnmve DcwZ _vKe (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/298, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/278)|
60 K eo jvfevb
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Ih~i Awj wKqvgZi w`b aeae mv`v ne hv
bexi DZ wnmve wekl cwiwPwZ enb Kie| h cwiwPwZ Avi Kvb DZi
_vKe bv| Avgvì bex Kixg (Qvt) AMhvx wnmve nvIh KvIQvii cvk
_K Avgvì wPb wbeb Ges Avgì cvwb cvb Kivi eev Kieb|
w
] $ & q 7& %
& 7<D Z C 9 c 77` p
$ , Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@t: b & 7<9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ, gywgbi Ih~i
mme vbwj myì Dj, my`kb ne h vbwjZ Ih~i cvwb cuQ (gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/291, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/ 271)| A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, wKqvgZi w`b
Ih~i vbwj GK wekl ic aviY Kie hv AZxe Dj myì I my`kb ne|
( ; # 9 c > - 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( O( ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@6& & 7& 5( ! D> 6( U 9 & - A "
(U, $ 5( Qt b
. (rN 7G
>% q C _ 9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, wKqvgZi w`b Avgvi DZK
RvbvZi w`K WvKv ne Zvì Ih~i wekl wP `L hv ne AZxe Dj
aeae mv`v| myZivs Zvgì ga h ew Zvi DjZvK `xN KiZ Pvq m
hb Zv Ki (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/290, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/270)|
A nv`xQ viv cZxqgvb nq h, Ih~i KviY wKqvgZi w`b gywgbMYi gyLgj
I Abvb A-cZ AZxe Dj ne| myZivs Ih~i wbw` vbwj c~Yfve
wfwRq Dgic Ih~ Kiv DwPZ|
( (75 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . j s V ; t <& ;
p
b > 5( ? ( c 0 H p 0 H> ? ( c & p $ 7(, -( > 0 7 6& C 5( ? 5 d( p 9 -(
?
( ? " G" ( k(G 7& ( ? ( qP <3 . qP <& . ?
( 1 0 ( ' k& G
&-( ?
( 1 -(
d(7; p > ? 7(( c 5 p > & ? >g5( p
7& , . -( 1 M ? *<" p &[ -( 1
M ? A p " N
@=` p <e -( p % <e -( & X U& &
eviv Beb Avwhe (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) GKRb ewK
ejjb, n IgyK ew! Zzwg hLb weQvbvq Avkq MnY Ki, ZLb QvjvZi Ih~i
K eo jvfevb 61
bvq Ih~ Ki wbe| Zvici Zzwg Wvb KvZ kqb Kie Ges eje, p
$ 7(, -( > 0 7
qP <& . ?
( 10 ( ' k& G
&-( ? ( 1
-( p
b > 5( ? ( c 0 H p
0 H> ?
( c &
1
M ? *<" p
&[ -( 1
M ? A p
" N ? ( ?
" G" ( k(G
7& ( ?
( qP <3 .
p 7& , . -( n Avjvn! Avwg wbRK Zvgvi wbKU mgcY Kijvg, Zvgvi w`K gyL
wdivjvg| Avgvi KvR Zvgvi wbKU b Kijvg Ges AvMn mnKvi I fq-fxwZ
wbq Zvgvi mvnvhi cwZ Avwg fimv Kijvg| Zvgvi wbKU eZxZ Avkq
cvIqvi I gyw cvIqvi Avi Kvb vb bB| Zvgvi wKZve hv Zzwg AeZxY
KiQ, Avwg Zv wekvm Kwi Ges Zvgvi bexKI wekvm Kwi, hvK Zzwg ciY
KiQ| Zvici ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zzwg hw` m ivZB gviv hvI, Zvnj
Bmjvgi ewki Dci A_vr Avjvni GKZevì Dci gie| Avi hw` mKvj
Nyg _K RM DV Zvnj KjvYi mv_ RM DVe (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/2385, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2274)| A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Ih~ Ki Nygvbv
mybvZ Ges Ih~ Ki D `vAvwU co Nygvj Dfq Rxeb ne KjvYgq|
Igi (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì ga h ew Dgic Ih~
Kie AZtci eje, =#$> % -( # 0 -( ! ( ?
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c`ci ìY GKUv Ki c`ghv`v DbZ Kiv nq Ges GKUv Ki bvn gv
Kiv nq| AZtci hLb m QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ _vK wdwikZvMY Zvi Rb
K eo jvfevb 63
`vAv KiZ _vKb| Zviv ejb, > 0 7( ! ( & > 0 7(! $
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Gfve Zviv ejZ _vK h ch m QvjvZ Av`vqi vb _vK| hZY m
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ciIqvi`MviK AwZ Dg Aevq (^c) `Ljvg| ZLb wZwb AvgvK wRm
Kijb, kxlvbxq dikZvMY wK welq wbq weZK KiQ? Avwg ejjvg,
AvcwbB Zv AwaK AeMZ| ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi nvZ Avgvi `yB Kuvai
gaLvb ivLjb, hvi kxZjZv Avwg Avgvi ei ga Abyfe Kijvg| ZLb
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64 K eo jvfevb
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dikZvMY wK wbq weZK KiQ? Avwg ejjvg, nuv, Kvd&dvivZ wbq weZK
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AeZiY Ki NvlYv KiZ _vKb, K AvQ Ggb, h AvgvK WvKe? Avwg Zvi
WvK mvov wè| K AvQ Ggb h, Avgvi wbKU PvBe? Avwg ZvK Zv wè| K
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mB QvjvZi m`h I `xNZv mK AvgvK ck Ki bv| Zvici wZwb Pvi
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(ivt)K ejjb, ejvj! ej `wL Zzwg gymjgvb nIqvi ci Ggb wK Avgj Ki,
hvi bKxi Avkv Zzwg AwaK cwigvY Ki? Kbbv Avwg RvbvZ Zvgvi RyZvi k
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68 K eo jvfevb
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K eo jvfevb 69
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ejb, AvgvK Ievq`yjvn Beby Avqvh AewnZ KiQb, ZuvK nvwiQi Kbv
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wbj, ZLb wZwb Zvi KvQ _K i KvR mb Kivi Dk GKUv zi avi
PvBjb| ZLb nvwiQi Kbv ZvK GKLvbv zi avi w`j| m mgq NUbvg
Avgvi Qj Avgvi AvZ LyevBei wbKU Pj hvq Ges Avwg `Ljvg h,
Avgvi Qj LyevBei Dii Dci em AvQ Ges LyevBei nvZ iqQ zi|
Avwg Lye fq cq Mjvg| LyevBe Avgvi Pnviv `L eySZ cvijb h, Avwg
fq cvwQ| ZLb wZwb ejjb, Zzwg wK G fq Ki h, Avwg wkwUK nZv Ki
dje? KLbI Avwg Zv Kie bv| Avjvni Kmg! Avwg LyevBei gZ Dg e`x
KLbv `wLwb| Avjvni kc_! Avwg GK`v `Ljvg, wZwb jvnvi wkKj Ave
Aevq Qov nZ Avyi LvQb, hv Zuvi nvZB wQj| A_P G mgq gvq Kvb
djB cvIqv hvwQj bv| nvwiQi Kbv ejZv, G Zv wQj Avjvn ZvAvjvi c
nZ c` RxweKv, hv wZwb LyevBeK `vb KiQb| AZtci Zviv LyevBeK knx`
Kivi Dk nvivg-Gi wbKU nZ wnji w`K wbq ei nq coj, ZLb
LyevBe (ivt) Zvì ejjb, AvgvK `yivKvAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ `vI| Zviv
ZuvK m AbygwZ w`j| wZwb `yivKvAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki wbjb| AZtci
wZwb ejjb, Zvgiv hw` aviYv bv KiZ h, Avwg gZzi fq fxZ nq cowQ,
Ze Avwg QvjvZK `xN KiZvg| n Avjvn! ZvìK GK GK Ki asm
Kib| (AZtci wZwb G KweZv `ywU Avew Kijb)|
hLb Avwg gymwjg wnmve knx` nwQ ZLb Avwg Kvbic fq Kwi bv|
Avjvni Dk AvgvK hLvbB gvwUZ jywUq djv nvK bv Kb|
Avgvi G gZz Avjvn ZvAvjvi RbB nQ| wZwb hw` BQv Kib,
Ze Avgvi `ni cwZwU LwZ Rvovmg~n eiKZ mw Ki wèb|
Aekl nvwiQi cy ZuvK knx` Ki dj| eZ h gymwjg ewK e`x
Aevq knx` Kiv nq, Zvi Rb `yivKvAvZ QvjvZ Av`vqi G ixwZ LyevBe
(ivt)B ceZb Ki MQb| h w`b AvwQg (ivt) kvnv`Z eiY KiwQjb, mw`b
Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi `vAv Keyj KiwQjb| mw`bB Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi
QvnvexMYK Zuvì msev` I Zuvì Dci hv hv AvcwZZ nqwQj meB AewnZ
KiwQjb| Avi hLb KzivBk KvwdiìK G msev` cuQvbv nq h, AvwQg
(ivt)-K knx` Kiv nqQ, ZLb Zviv Zuvi KvQ GK jvKK cvVvq, hvZ m
ew Zuvi jvk nZ wKQz Ask KU wbq Avm, hvZ Zviv Zv `L wPbZ cvi|
70 K eo jvfevb
KviY eì hyi w`b AvwQg (ivt) KzivBkì GK bZvbxq ewK nZv
KiwQjb| AvwQgi jvki (ivi Rb) ggvwQi SuvK cwiZ nj, hviv Zuvi
`n AveZ Ki iL Zvì loh nZ wndvhZ Kij| dj Zviv Zuvi kixi
nZ GK L MvkZI KU wbZ cviwb (eyLvix nv/3045)| G nv`xQ viv
cZxqgvb nq h, hLb Kvb gymwjgK j ev dvwmZ Povbvi mgq Avme
ZLb m `yivKvAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kie|
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, wZbRb wk Qvov Ab
KD `vjvbvq _K K_v ejwb| c_g Rb Cmv (Avt), wZxq Rb ebx
BmivCji GK ew hvK RyivBR bvg WvKv nZ| GK`v Bev`Z iZ _vKv
Aevq Zvi gv Gm ZvK WvKj| m fvej Avwg wK Zvi WvK mvov è, bv
QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ _vKe| Zvi gv ejj, n Avjvn! ewfPvwiYxi gyL bv `Lv
ch Zzwg ZvK gZz wÌ bv| RyivBR Zvi Bev`ZLvbvq _vKZ| GKevi Zvi
wbKU GKwU bvix Avmj| Zvi m K_v ejj| wK RyivBR Zv A^xKvi Kij|
AZtci bvixwU GKRb ivLvji wbKU Mj Ges ZvK w`q gbvevmbv c~Y Kij|
ci m GKwU cy mvb cme Kij| ZvK wRm Kiv nj GwU Kvi _K? x
jvKwU ejj, RyivBR _K| jvKiv Zvi wbKU Avmj Ges Zvi Bev`ZLvbv
f w`j| Avi ZvK bvwgq Avbj I ZvK MvwjMvjvR Kij| ZLb RyivBR Ih~
Kij Ges `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij| AZtci beRvZ wkwUi wbKU Gm
ZvK wRm Kij, n wk! Zvgvi wcZv K? m Reve w`j, mB ivLvj| Zviv
ejj, Avgiv Avcbvi Bev`ZLvbvwU mvbv w`q Zix Ki w`wQ| m ejj, bv|
Ze gvwU w`q|
(ZZxqRb) evbx BmivCji GKRb bvix Zvi wkK `ya cvb KivwQj| Zvi KvQ
w`q GKRb my`kb cyil Avivnx Pj Mj| bvixwU `vAv Kij, n Avjvn!
Avgvi QjwUK Zvi gZ evbvI| wkwU ZLbB Zvi gvqi b Qo w`j Ges
AvivnxwUi w`K gyL wdivj| Avi ejj, n Avjvn! AvgvK Zvi gZ Ki bv|
AZtci gyL wdwiq b cvb KiZ jvMj| Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejjb, Avwg hb
bex Kixg (Qvt)-K `LZ cvwQ, wZwb Avyj PzlQb| AZtci mB bvixwUi cvk
w`q GKwU `vmx Pj Mj| bvixwU ejj, n Avjvn! Avgvi wkwUK Gi gZ Ki
bv| wkwU ZvrwYK Zvi gvqi b Qo w`j Ges ejj, n Avjvn! AvgvK
Zvi gZ Ki| Zvi gv ejj, Zv Kb? wkwU ejj, mB AvivnxwU wQj hvwjgì
GKRb| Avi G `vmxwUi evcvi jvK ejQ, Zzwg whbv KiQ| A_P m wKQzB
Kiwb (eyLvix nv/3436; gymwjg nv/45(2)|
K eo jvfevb 71
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, Beivnxg
(Avt) wZbevi eZxZ KLbI wg_v ejbwb| Gi ga `yevi wQj ay Avjvn
cvKi (mw ARbi) Rb| hgb- wZwb ejQb, Avwg iM Ges Zuvi Aci
K_vwU nj eis Zvì GB eo g~wZwUB GUv KiQ| (Avi GKwU wQj Zuvi wbR^
evcvi|) ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejb, GK`v Beivnxg (Avt) I Zuvi x mviv GK
hvwjg kvmKi GjvKvq (wgmi) Gm cuQjb| kvmKK Lei Ìqv nj h,
GLvb GKRb jvK GmQ, Zvi m AwZ myìx GK igYx AvQ| ivRv ZLb
Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi KvQ jvK cvVvj| m ZuvK wRm Kij, GB igYxwU K?
ZLb Beivnxg (Avt) Reve w`jb, Avgvi (xbx) evb| AZtci Beivnxg (Avt)
mvivi KvQ Avmjb Ges ZvK ejjb, n mviv! hw` GB hvwjg RvbZ cvi
h, Zzwg Avgvi x Zv nj m ZvgvK Avgvi wbKU nZ Rvic~eK wQwbq wbe|
myZivs hw` m ZvgvK wRm Ki, ZLb eje h, Zzwg Avgvi evb| g~jZt
Zzwg Avgvi xbx evb| eZt Avwg I Zzwg Qvov GB hgxbB Dci Avi Kvb gywgb
bB|
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Aciw`K Beivnxg (Avt) QvjvZ covi Rb ùvwoq Mjb| AZtci mviv hLb
ivRcvmv` cek Kijb, ZLb ivRv ZvK aivi Rb nvZ evovj, ZLbB m
Avjvni Mhe cvKovI nj| Ab eYbvq ihQ, Zvi `g e nq Mj, GgbwK
hgxb cv gviZ jvMj| hvwjg (Aev eMwZK `L mvivK) ejj, Avgvi Rb
Avjvni KvQ `vAv Ki, Avwg Zvgvi Kvb wZ Kie bv| ZLb mviv (Zvi
Rb) Avjvni KvQ `vAv Kijb| dj m gyw cj| AZtci m wZxqevi
ZuvK aivi Rb nvZ evovj| ZLb m c~ei bvq wKsev AviI KwVbfve
cvKovI nj| GeviI m ejj, Avgvi Rb Avjvni KvQ `vAv Ki, Avwg
Zvgvi Kvb Awb Kie bv| myZivs mviv AveviI Avjvni KvQ `vAv Kijb|
dj m gyw cj| ZLb ivRv Zvi GKRb `vivqvbK WK ejj, Zvgiv Zv
Avgvi KvQ Kvb gvbylK Avbwb; eis Zvgiv Avgvi KvQ GKwU kqZvbK
GbQ| Gici m mvivi L`gZi Rb nvRiv (bvgK GKRb igYx)-K `vb
Kij| AZtci mviv Beivnxgi KvQ wdi Avmjb, ZLbI wZwb ùvwoq QvjvZ
cowQjb| (QvjvZi gaB) nvZi Bkvivq mvivK wRm Kijb, NUbv wK?
mviv ejjb, Avjvn ZvAvjv Kvwdii Pv ZviB e cvv wbc KiQb
(A_vr bmvr Ki w`qQb) Ges m Avgvi L`gZi Rb nvRivK `vb
KiQ| Avey ivqivn (ivt) nv`xQwU eYbv Ki ejjb, n AvKvki cvwbi m
72 K eo jvfevb
vb! A_vr AvieevmxMY! GB nvRivB Zvgvì Avw` gvZv (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/5460)|
! 7(; 3 H 3 7, ! 7(;

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: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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d(7; &
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c> 7(; & 7J D (75( c H V d(7; c H 5( p "S -( ? , ? p " N p "B & > 0 7
X( 9 3 -( $ > # <; q( $ 7(, -( Z( (O ; k(& Z( (O ! 7H | B( . d> 5( 5(A&
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((O Z( (O
c> 7(; & 7J D (75( cH V d(7; c H 5( p "S -( ? , ? p " N p "B & > 0 7
X( 9 3 -( Z( (O q( $ 7(, -( Z( (O $ > # <; Z( (O ! 7H | B( . d> 5( 5A( & (M3

Z( (C5( q m(m c5 -( q m c5 6( , . k5( ! 7(O( c 3 Z (C5( p $ 9 & > 0 7 p ((C5(
! 7(; 3 d( p H 5( H N 3U; -( 3 d( 3H . =(U c> ( 7& , . -(
@XP # _ # ` -( 5(A& p <B(
F -( ' -( p ((C5( _(7 >
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, Beivnxg
(Avt) mvivK m wbq wnRiZ Kijb Ges Ggb GK Rbc` cek Kijb,
hLvb GK ev`kvn wQj, A_ev ejjb, GK AZvPvix kvmK wQj| ZvK ejv
njv h, Beivnxg (bvgK GK ew) GK cigv myìx bvixK wbq (Avgvì
GLvb) cek KiQ| m ZLb Zuvi wbKU jvK cvwVq wRm Kij, n
Beivnxg! Zvgvi m G bvix K? wZwb ejjb, Avgvi evb| AZtci wZwb
mvivi wbKU wdi Gm ejjb, Zzwg Avgvi K_v wg_v gb Kiv bv| Avwg
ZvìK ejwQ h, Zzwg Avgvi evb| Avjvni kc_! `ywbqvZ (GLb) Zzwg Avi
Avwg eZxZ Avi KD gywgb bB| myZivs Avwg I Zzwg xwb fvB evb| Gici
Beivnxg (Avt) (ev`kvni wb`k) mvivK ev`kvni wbKU cvwVq w`jb|
ev`kvn Zuvi w`K AMmi nj| mviv Ih~ Ki `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq ùvwoq
K eo jvfevb 73
Mjb Ges G `vAv Kijb, n Avjvn! AvwgI Zvgvi Dci Ges Zvgvi
ivm~ji Dci Cgvb GbwQ Ges Avgvi ^vgx eZxZ mKj nZ Avgvi jvvbi
msiY KiwQ| Zzwg GB KvwdiK Avgvi Dci gZv wÌ bv| ZLb ev`kvn
euk nq co gvwUZ cvqi AvNvZ KiZ jvMj| ZLb mviv ejjb, n
Avjvn! G hw` gviv hvq, Ze jvK eje, xjvKwU GK nZv KiQ| ZLb
m msv wdi cj| Gfve `yevi ev wZbevii ci ev`kvn ejj, Avjvni
kc_! Zvgiv Zv Avgvi wbKU GK kqZvbK cvwVqQ| GK Beivnxgi wbKU
wdwiq `vI Ges Zvi Rb nvRivK nvw`qv îc `vb Ki| mviv (ivt) Beivnxg
(Avt)-Gi wbKU wdi Gm ejjb, Avcwb Rvbb wK, Avjvn ZvAvjv KvwdiK
jwZ I wbivk KiQb Ges m GK euv`x nvw`qv wnmve w`qQ (eyLvix
nv/2217)|
hme vb `yivKAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj

1. Avjvni wbKU gv cvIqvi Avkvq `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki gv cv_bv
Kiv fvj| bvn Kivi ci GBfve gv cv_bv Kij Avjvn ZvK gv Kieb|
gnvb Avjvn ejb, ( ,
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F B( ( 0
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@ 0 M Avi hviv hLb Kvb bvni KvR Ki A_ev wbRì cwZ hyjyg Ki,
ZLb Zviv AvjvnK WvK Ges wbRì bvni Rb gv cv_bv Ki (Avj Bgivb
135)| Ggb ewK Avjvn gv Kib|
Z( ,. p $ , Z( (O s A& -( h # e s A& -( c "r(#> Z( (O ! ";

: c b . cn 7; ;

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9 > r 0> U( 5( _ C 9 > r =<( f
M& 9 6s H . Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
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Avjx (ivt) ejb, AvgvK Avey eKi (ivt) ejQb, wZwb mZB ejQb| wZwb
ejQb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ h Kvb ew hLb Kvb bvn Ki
AZtci DV Ih~ Ki Ges (`yivKAvZ) bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Zvici Avjvni
wbKU gv cv_bv Ki wbqB Avjvn Ggb ewi bvn gv Ki `b (wZiwghx,
nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1324, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1248)| Ggb ewi cwZ Avjvn Lykx nq
ingZ elY Kib|
74 K eo jvfevb
2. h Kvb iZc~Y KvR Dcj `yB ivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki GK wekl
wbqg cv_bv Kiv fvj| hvK GLvivi QvjvZ ej| Gic cv_bvq wekl
KjvY wbwnZ AvQ|
c5 X( . I, "$ 7J 9 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . ( (B Z( (O
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c "*; ! 5& e (5 ! 7H N 1 -( 6 H ; c 5 Z( (O -( 1 -( q <O; c
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PvIqvi wbqg I `vAv wkv w`Zb, hfve AvgvìK KziAvbi m~iv wkv
w`Zb| wZwb ejZb, hLb Zvgvì KD Kvb KvRi BQv Kie, ZLb m
hb dih Qvov `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki| AZtci ej, ~
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Zvgvi vbi mvnvh GB welqi fvj w`K cv_bv KiwQ Ges ZvgviB gZvi
mvnvh Zvgvi wbKU GB KvR ARbi gZv PvwQ| Avi Avwg PvwQ Zvgvi
wbKU Zvgvi eo AbyMn| Kbbv Zzwg gZv ivL, Avwg ivwL bv| Zzwg GB KvRi
fvj-g` Rvb, Avwg Rvwb bv| Zzwg A`ki me wKQy Rvb| n Avjvn! Zzwg hw`
Rvb h, GB welqwU Avgvi Rb, Avgvi xbi Rb, Avgvi Rxeb aviYi evcvi
I Avgvi BnKvj I ciKvj evcvi fvj ne, Zvnj Zzwg Zv Avgvi Rb wbaviY
Ki| Avi Zv ARb Kiv Avgvi Rb mnR Ki `vI| AZtci Avgvi Rb m
KvR eiKZ `vb Ki| Avi Zzwg hw` gb Ki h, welqwU Avgvi Rb AKjvYKi
ne, Avgvi xbi evcvi Ges Avgvi BnKvj I ciKvji evcvi Zvnj Zzwg
Zv Avgvi _K `~i ivL Ges AvgvKI m KvR nZ wegyL ivL| Zvici Avgvi
K eo jvfevb 75
Rb fvj wbaviY Ki hLvb me, hfve me| Gici Zzwg AvgvK m KvRi
Dci m ivL (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1323, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1247)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, h Kvb KvRi c_g `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq
Ki KvR KjvYKi nj Zv mnR mgvav Kivi gZv Ges ZvZ eiKZ cv_bv
Kiv DwPZ Ges KvR AKjvYKi nj Zv nZ `~i nIqvi cv_bv Kiv DwPZ|
3. h Kvb mgq gmwR` cek Ki `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hiix|
QvjvZ Av`vq bv Ki emv hve bv| DjL, gmwRì bvg `yivKAvZ nZ ne
GgbwU hiix bq| h Kvb QvjvZ nZ cvi| A_vr emvi c~e Kvb bv Kvb
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cek Ki, ZLb m hb `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq bv Kiv ch bv em (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wiqvhyQ Qvjnxb nv/1144; wgkKvZ nv/704)|
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nv/1145; wgkKvZ nv/704)| cKvk _vK h, QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv wbwl mgq gmwR`
cek KijI QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv eZxZ emv hve bv| KviY G nQ gmwRì
nK, hv h Kvb mgq Av`vq Kiv AvekK|
4. mdi _K Gm c_g gmwR` cek Ki `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki
evoxZ Avmv fvj| GZ mdi I evoxi KjvY Kvgbv Kiv ne|
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$ & -(# _ # O( (g5( d%8
L c5
76 K eo jvfevb
Kve Beby gvwjK (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) hLbB mdi _K evwoZ AvmZb,
ZLbB w`bi c_g fvM AvmZb| c_g wZwb gmwR` cek KiZb| mLvb
`yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| Zvici gmwR` em wKQyY Acv KiZb
(eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/705)|
5. Ih~ Ki `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj| GZ Avjvni mw ARb Kiv hvq|
Z C 9 7, !(7;
d7e
Z( , . p $ , Z( (O ! ";
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B& MJ > 0 5
% 9 6W 0 , ?
L i
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5( _ (O > r QFt b & k(5( k(b
> D
@! (
F ( , > r
iI &
Avey `vi`v (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjvn (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ,
h ew Dgic Ih~ Ki `yivKAvZ ev Pvi ivKAvZ (ivex mvnj m`n
Kib) QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, hvZ m whKi I bgZv Aej^b Kij, AZtci
Avjvni wbKU gv cv_bv Kij, Avjvn ZvK gv Ki `b (AvZ-ZviMxe IqvZ
Zvinxe nv/346)|
c ^ b
k(b > D 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . ( $m&; ;
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$0 5 !
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IQgvb (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) Ih~i wevwiZ weeiY `qvi ci ejjb, h
ew Avgvi GB Ih~i bvq Ih~ Kie AZtci `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kie
hvZ m Avjvni avb Qvov Ab Kvb welq fve bv, Zvnj Zvi AZxZi mg
bvn gv Kiv ne (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/287; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/267)|
6. Avhvbi ci `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj| hme Avgji wewbgq
gvbyl ciKvj eo jvfevb ne Avhvbi ci `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Zvi AbZg|
QWX4
(e (-( 6J B 7, ! 7(;
: d7e cL <"> Z( (O :Z( (O 6s

# <; ;
@tF $ q m(m c5 Z( (O > r XW 4
(e (-( 6J B
Avyjvn Beby gyMvd&dvj (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb,
cZK Avhvb I BKvgZi ga QvjvZ iqQ, cZK Avhvb I BKvgZi ga
QvjvZ iqQ| AZtci ZZxqevi ejb, h BQv Ki (gyvdvK AvjvBn, wgkKvZ
K eo jvfevb 77
$ Z( C( 5( /P 4
( ; # 5( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . R <e
-( Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( # 9 ;
Z( , . 9 Z( (O c -( ? i Ii ` p $ , /
l O( q( ">G & p 7& ` 2 Qq">G
& d( c"C& <,
@ B& . p
7e l O( p -(

eyivq`v (ivt) ejb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) mKvj DV ejvj (ivt)-K WvKjb
Ges ejjb, ejvj Kvb Avgji KviY Zzwg Avgvi c~e RvbvZ cuQj? Avwg
hLbB RvbvZ cek Kwi ZLbB Avgvi myL Zvgvi RyZvi k bZ cvB|
ZLb ejvj (ivt) ejjb, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg hLbB Avhvb `B,
ZLbB `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kwi| Avi hLbB Avgvi Ih~ b nq hvq, ZLbB
Ih~ Kwi Ges gb Kwi Avjvni Dk AvgvK `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ
ne (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1326; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1250)|
7. RygAvi w`b Lyrev i nq MjI Kgm Kg `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ
ne|
3 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b .
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9 _ g& q $ G
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Rvwei (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) Lyrev Ìqvi mgq ejjb, hLb Zvgvì Kvb
ew Bgvgi Lyrev `qvi mgq Avm ZLb m hb mswfve `yivKAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq Ki bq (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1411; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1327)| RygAvi
Lyrev PjvKvjxbI `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv eZxZ emv hve bv|
8. GkivK, PvkZ I AvIqvexb wZb bvg GK QvjvZ| mvaviYZ mKvji w`K
GB QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv nj gvbyl ZvK GkivK ej| Avi GKUz ìx Ki
10/11-Uvi w`K Av`vq Kij gvbyl ZvK PvkZ ev AvIqvexb ej| cKvk _vK
h, gvMwiei ci Qq ivKAvZ QvjvZi bvg AvIqvexb ej Kvb nv`xQ bB|
gvMwiei ci Qq ivKAvZ QvjvZ covi cgvY ewYZ nv`xQwU wbZvB hCd|
6J B d(7; R <S 9 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . .n ( c -( ;
qW O(# e
qs 7(70 D 6l B qW O(# e
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D 6l B qW O(# e
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D 6l A 5( qW O(# e B # -( d(7,
? ( [ G 9 qW O(# e A( "$ & ; cY 0 qW O(# e
x $ & Y -( qW O(# e
Xs <A& D 6l B
@d%8 L $0 B( 9 B& .
78 K eo jvfevb
Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, mKvj nIqv gvB Zvgvì
cZKi cZK Mwi Rb GKwU Ki Qv`vKv Kiv hiix| Ze Zvgvì
cZK Zvmexn GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK Zvngx` GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK Zvnjxj
GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK ZvKexi GKwU Qv`vKv, mr KvRi Av`k GKwU Qv`vKv
Ges Amr KvR nZ wblaI GKwU Qv`vKv| Aek PvkZi mgq `yB ivKAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mgi Rb h_ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1236)| cKvk _vK h,
PvkZi QvjvZ 4 ivKAvZ ev 8 ivKAvZI cov hvq|
gyqvhwhb ev Avhvb`vZv I Di`vZv
hviv Bev`Z Ki eo bKxi AwaKvix nq, gyqvhwhb Zvì GKRb| Avhvb
Ìqvi wewbgq Rvnvbvg nZ gyw I RvbvZ jvf| wKqvgZi gq`vb eo
mvbi AwaKvix neb| gvbyl wRb I cw_exi mKj e wKqvgZi w`b
gyqvhwhbi Rb KjvYi mvx wè|
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Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h Kvb gvbyl I wRb A_ev
h Kvb e gyqvhwhbi K be m wKqvgZi w`b Zvi Rb mv wè (eyLvix,
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, cw_exi mKj e wKqvgZi w`b gyqvhwhbi Rb
KjvY PvBe| Rvnvbvg nZ gyw Ges RvbvZ jvfi Rb Avjvni wbKU `vex
Rvbve|
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d7e XP 4(e c> 7(; d7e ! >g5( c> 7(; 7le > r Z C 9 6( m& C 5( ( J ] $ & $ , (
/ c <"D /( q ">G
& c5 qW ([ " 0>g5( q( 7(, & c 6 H [> ;
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F Z( k(, $ 5( 3 -( ( B -( & -( H. -( d(D
2 <; #s <
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Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi Beb AvQ (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Zvgiv
gyqvhwhbK Avhvb w`Z be, ZLb Zvi RIqve ej gyqvhwhb hv ej| AZtci
K eo jvfevb 79
Avgvi Dci ì` co| Kbbv h Avgvi Dci GKevi ì` co Avjvn Zvi
Dci `kevi ingZ elY Kib| Zvici Avgvi Rb Avjvni wbKU Iqvmxjv
PvI| Avi Zv nQ RvbvZi GKwU DP ghv`v mb vb| hv Avjvni ev`vì
ga gv GKRb ev`vi Rb DchvMx| Avwg Avkv Kwi AvwgB mB ev`v| h
ew Avgvi Rb Iqvmxjv PvBe Zvi Rb Avgvi kvdvAvZ hiix nq hve
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/657; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/606)|
: <B& -(
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . $ ; ;
! ( ( & -( # 0 -( Z( (O
: ! ( ( & -( # 0 -( Z( (O > r Q <B& -(
: <B& -(
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d(7; c> Z( (O > r Q
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Z , .> =#$> % -( # 0 -( Z( (O > r Q
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X( > O /( Z( /( Z( (O X 4 (S>

: / ! ( /( Z( (O
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: <B& -(
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@q( ">G & 6( ` 2 ! <7& O(
Igi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb gyqvhwhb ej Avjv AvKevi,
Avjv AvKevi hw` Zvgvì KD ej Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi,
AZtci hLb gyqvhwhb ej Avknv`y Avj-jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn mI ej Avknv`y
Avj-jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn, gyqvhwhb ej Avknv`y Avbv gynvv`vi ivm~jyjvn mI
ej Avknv`y Avbv gynvv`vi ivm~jyjvn, Gici gyqvhwhb ej, nvBqv AvjvQ
Qvjvn m ej jv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn, cybivq hLb gyqvhwhb ej
nvBqv Avjvj dvjvn m ej jv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bjv wejvn, ci hLb
gyqvhwhb ej Avjv AvKevi, Avjv AvKevi mI ej Avjv AvKevi, Avjv
AvKevi| AZtci hLb gyqvhwhb ej jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn mI ej jv Bjvnv
Bjvjvn| Avi GB evKwj gb-cvY fq-fxwZ wbq ej Zvnj m RvbvZ
hve (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/658; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/607)|
A nv`xQ `ywU viv cgvwYZ nq h, gyqvhwhbi mv_ mv_ kvZvKI RIqve
w`Z ne| Avi nvBqv Avjv q eZxZ gyqvhwhb I kvZvi k GKB ne|
Avhvb kl ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cwZ ì` coZ ne| RvbvZi ghv`vc~Y myDP
vb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Rb PvBZ ne| gb-cvY AvMn mnKvi Avhvbi RIqve
w`Z ne| hvi wewbgq RvbvZ|
80 K eo jvfevb
T $ 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s H ;
Q(q7(8
( Q(q7(, P#>$% ' N Qq$ ^(C X 4 (S > Qq> > X ; #> M 3 j > . > 0 7 tF #"*
@q C _ 9 c ; ( ! ( p
7 Q!D# ; 1 M P2 $ %
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Rvwei (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Avhvb b eje, j
> . > 0 7
P (C ! m& Q(q7(8
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Q!D# ; 1 M P2 $ %
n GB c~Y Avnvb I cwZwZ QvjvZi cwZcvjK! Avcwb
gynvv` (Qvt)-K DP ghv`v `vb Kib Ges cksmbxq vb ZuvK AwawZ
Kib| hvi Iqv`v Avcwb KiQb| wKqvgZi w`b Zvi Rb Avgvi kvdvAvZ
hiix nq hve (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/659; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/608)|
cKvk _vK h, KD KD A nv`xQ `ywU Ask ew KiQ- 1. q( 5 > q( H
. #> (
2. 2 $ & z
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D/( ?
> G `ywU Aski Kvb wfw bB (Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ, UxKv
bs 2)| AZGe D evKvsk `ywU ejv _K mveavb nZ ne|
T 7(y( ( 9 7, ! 7(;

: d7e
Z , . ( (B Z( (O ! ";
: c b . ? s u
-( ;
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P H . T $ 5( . (-( / ? -( =(-( T $ , & g5( ( (k(& T $
9 ( (B G ( &
! ( ( & -( # 0 -( Z( (O > r X U& & d(7; 7, ! 7(;
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Avbvm (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) dRii mgq kì cwZ AvgY PvjvZb
Ges Avhvb bvi Rb Kvb cZ _vKZb| hw` Avhvb bZb Zvnj AvgY
nZ weiZ _vKZb| Ab_v AvgY PvjvZb| GK`v GK ewK Avjv
AvKevi Avjv AvKevi ejZ bjb, ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zzwg Bmjvgi
Dci AvQ| AZtci jvKwV ejj, Avknv`y Avj jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn ZLb ivm~j
(Qvt) ejjb, Zzwg Rvnvbvg _K gyw jvf Kij| AZtci QvnvexMY mB
gyqvhwhbi w`K j Kijb, `Ljb m GKRb ivLvj (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/660;
K eo jvfevb 81
gvUK_v GKv njI Avhvb `qv mybvZ| gvV-NvU h Kvb vb Avhvb w`q
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mybvZ| Avhvbi cwZ`vb Rvnvbvg _K gyw I RvbvZ jvf|
Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
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Avhvb b eje, # <; P#>$%
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: / !( /( & - # 0 -
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(Qvt) Zuvi ev`v I ivm~j| Avwg AvjvnK cwZcvjKic, gynvv` (Qvt)-K
ivm~jic Ges BmjvgK xbic cq m nqwQ| Zvi mg bvn gv Kiv
ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/661; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/610)| A_vr Avhvb kl D `vAv
coj Zvi mg bvn gv Kiv ne|
? L. f G 9 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
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(S> J ] 9 Q6<G 7& qs >K v -&. d 5 s "( d;.
! 7& ` 2 -( 1 # < ' ( ( # O( d "* x I9 X 4 (S > 7 C 9 J ] 9 (M3 # <; d( K
@q( ">G
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mB QvMji ivLvji cwZ h GKv ceZwkLi ùvwoq QvjvZi Avhvb `q Ges
QvjvZ Av`vq Ki| ZLb Avjvn wdwikZvMYK WK ejb, Zvgiv Avgvi GB
ev`vK `L? m Avhvb `q I QvjvZ Kvqg Ki Ges AvgvK fq Ki|
(Zvgiv mvx _vK) Avwg Avgvi ev`vK gv Ki w`jvg Ges RvbvZ cek
Kwiq w`jvg (Avey`vD`, wgkKvZ nv/665; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/614)|
Avjvn gyqvhwhbi cwZ Lywk nq ZvK gv Ki `b Ges RvbvZevmx Kib|
Avi wdwikZvMYK Zv Rvbvb|
82 K eo jvfevb
! ( ( 9 J ] $ & 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! ( f
A& 9 X (7S > # 3 d7e H -( 6 m& ! ( u
s 9 f s y& . 6l B ! ( # 0 i 9 ! D e #>
@$0 " ! "; A( 9 XP (7e
( i ; > u Y $ `
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gyqvhwhbi Ki kl cv
ch ZvK gv Kiv ne Ges (wKqvgZi w`b) Zvi KjvYi Rb cZK mRxe
I wbRxe e mv wè Ges GB Avhvb b hZ jvK QvjvZ Av`vq Kie mevi
mgcwigvY bKx gyqvhwhbi ne| Avi h ew QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb DcwZ ne
Zvi Rb cuwPk QvjvZi bKx jLv ne Ges Zvi `yB QvjvZi g`Kvi bvn
gv Kiv ne (bvmvC, nv/667)|
nv`xQi ggK_v : gyqvhwhbK gv Kiv ne cZK mRxe I wbRxe e
wKqvgZi w`b Zvi c mv wè| GB QvjvZ hZ jvK DcwZ ne mg
jvKi mgcwigvY bKx gyqvhwhbK `qv ne| Zvi `yB Iqvi QvjvZi
gaKvi bvn gv Kiv ne Ges Avhvb kl hv PvBe Zv `qv ne|
J ] $ &
Z( , . 9 6W H . Z( (O : Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s$ ;
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Z , . Z( (C5( 0 (k( " 78

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Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, GK jvK ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)!
gyqvhwhbMY Avgvì Pq AwaK ghv`v jvf KiQb| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, ZzwgI
ej hic Zviv ej Ges hLb Avhvbi RIqve `qv kl ne ZLb Avjvni
wbKU cv_bv Ki, Zvnj ZvgvKI c`vb Kiv ne (Ave`vE`, nv`wQ Qvnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/673; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/622)| A nv`xQ gyQjxi Pq gyqvhwhbi
ghv`v ekx ejv nqQ| Ze kvZv Avhvbi RIqve w`j kvZvKI ZvB `qv
ne hv gyqvhwhbK `hv ne|
1
2 "9 ZW 4
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Z , . T >"B ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c - ;
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: d7e

Z ,. Z( (O p A( , >$7(5(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, GK`v Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_ wQjvg ZLb ejvj
(ivt) ùvwoq Avhvb w`Z jvMjb| hLb ejvj (ivt) Avhvb kl Kijb, ZLb
K eo jvfevb 83
ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, h Ai wekvm wbq Gi Abyic eje, m RvbvZ cek
Kie (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/676)| A nv`xQ viv eySv hvq,
h Kvb ew gb-cvY fq-fxwZ wbq AvwiK wekvmi mv_ Avhvb w`j A_ev
Avhvbi Di w`j m ew RvbvZ hve|
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: d7e
Z ,. T >"B Z( (O X( 9 3 c -( ;
. Qq( ">G & 6( ` 2 ="C9 (M3 6( m& Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O p A( ,
( k(5( qs 7(( ' ( v > ; 7, !(7;
d7e
Z( ,. -( Qs? u -( ; d79 -
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& ! 7(5(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, GK`v Avgiv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_ wQjvg ZLb ejvj
(ivt) ùvwoq Avhvb w`Z jvMjb| hLb ejvj (ivt) Avhvb kl Kijb, ZLb
ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, h Ai wekvm wbq Gi Abyic eje m RvbvZ cek
Kie (bvmvC nv`xQ Qnxn)| Avey Bqvjv Avbvm (ivt) nZ eYbv Kib ivm~j (Qvt)
GK ivw hvcb Kijb| ZLb ejvj Avhvb w`jb| ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejjb, h
ew Zvi (ejvji) K_vi Abyic eje Ges Zvi mv `vbi gZ mv wè
Zvi Rb RvbvZ (AvZ-ZviMxe IqvZ Zvinxe nv/376, nv`xQ nvmvb)|
X( i
; d "r& ( -( Z( O( 7, ! 7(;
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Z( , . -( ! ";
: c b . $ ; ;
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B q ">G
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Beby Igi (ivt) nZ ewYZ ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h evi eQi Avhvb `q Zvi
Rb RvbvZ wbavwiZ nq hvq Ges Zvi cZK Avhvbi wewbgq lvU bKx Ges
GKvgZi wewbgq wk bKx AwZwi jLv nq (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/727)| cKvk _vK h, mvZ eQi Avhvb w`j Rvnvbvg _K gyw cve
gg ewYZ nv`xQwU hCd (Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/664)|
p
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c> <"> -( Qs? u -( ;
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84 K eo jvfevb
Avbvm (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, hLb QvjvZi Rb Avhvb `qv
nq, ZLb AvKvki ìRv mg~n Lyj `qv nq Ges `vAv Keyj Kiv nq (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/531, 1414)| A nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h QvjvZi Rb Avhvb `qv nj
Avjvni ingZi ìRv Lyj hvq Ges G mgq `vAv Keyj Kiv nq| GRb
Avhvb kl gbvhvM mnKvi AvwiK wekvmi mv_ `vAv Kiv DwPZ|
G
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gvKn~j (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgiv `vAv Keyji mgq LyuR
ei Ki `vAv Ki (1) hyi mgq `vAv Keyj nq (2) QvjvZi Rb GKvgZ
`qvi mgq `vAv Keyj nq (3) ew elYi mgq `vAv Keyj nq (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn
nv/541, 1469)| GB mgqwjZ `vAv Kiv DwPZ| wekl Ki Avhvb I
GKvgZi mgq gyqvhwhb I kvZvi `vAv Kiv AZxe iZc~Y welq|
v >" 7( 9 ( 7, !(7;
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@=< ( $3 DF R <S L q $ & c5 ( $ 7( 9 ( Q!( C <, /( G 0 > c5
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hw` gvbyl RvbZ Avhvb `qv
Ges QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb c_g mvwiZ ùvovbvi ga wK bKx iqQ, Zvnj
jUvix Kiv eZxZ Zvì Kvb Dcvq _vKZ bv| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ c_g mgq
QvjvZ Av`vq KivZ wK bKx iqQ, Zvnj Zviv Abi AvM cuQvi AvcvY
P KiZ| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ Gkv I dRi QvjvZi ga wK bKx iqQ,
Zvnj Zviv GB QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb nvgvwo w`q njI AvmZ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
A nv`xQ KqKwU welqi cwZ Lye iZ ck Kiv nqQ| Zvi ga GKwU

nQ gvbyl hw` RvbZ Avhvb `qvZ wK bKx iqQ, Zvnj mevB Avhvb w`Z
PvBZ| AZtci jUvix `qv eZxZ Kvb Dcvq _vKZ bv|
X 4
(S> 7 1 2 ( 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
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9 /( d> W b
! ( (Ui > 2 -(
K eo jvfevb 85
B & Z C 9 Q!
& t $ & U I
9 d> Q(6<O& -( f
9 m&> c 8
O ( d> Q2 -( X 4 (S>
@d7e B( 1 . # 9 /( 6 H > 6 K( 9 d> B M& 9 A 9 ( $ Q(MB( B & Q(MB(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb QvjvZi Rb Avhvb `qv
nq, kqZvb evqy QvoZ QvoZ cvjvZ _vK hvZ m Avhvb bZ bv cvq|
AZtci hLb Avhvb kl nq hvq, m wdi Avm| Avevi hLb GKvgZ `qv nq
m wcV wdwiq cvjvZ _vK Ges hLb GKvgZ kl nq hvq cybivq wdi Avm
I gvbyli Ai LUKv mw KiZ _vK| m ej AgyK welq iY Ki, AgyK
welq iY Ki, h mKj welq Zvi iY wQj bv| Aekl gvbyl Ggb nq hvq
h, m ejZ cvi bv, KZ ivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiQ (gyvdvK AvjvBn,
wgkKvZ nv/655; Avey `vD` nv/869; bvmvC nv/1236)|
Avhvb Ggb GKwU wekl Bev`Z hv Avi nj kqZvb fxZ-m nq cvjvZ
_vK| Ab GK eYbvq iqQ, m Avhvb b g`xbv _K 36 gvCj `~i ivInv
bvgK vb cvwjq hvq| Avhvbi gZ Avi Kvb Bev`Z bB, hv i nj kqZvb
fq cvjvZ _vK| Avhvbi k Zvi wbKU Lye fvix eva nq Ges ZvZ m
evZKg KiZ _vK| KvRB cZK gyQjxi Rb hiix KZe Avhvbi mgq
nIqvi mv_ mv_ Avhvb `qvi Rb Pig AvMnx nIqv| kvZvi Rb Aek
KZe Avjvni mw jvfi Avkvq RvbvZ cvIqvi Dk AvMn mnKvi
Avhvbi RIqve `qv| Avgvì `ki gyQjxiv Avhvb I GKvgZi RIqve
Ìqvi evcvi Lye AgbvhvMx| cKvk _vK h, nvBqv Avjv q eZxZ
Avhvb I GKvgZi RIqve `qvi Avhvbi kwjB e DPviY KiZ
ne| GKvgZ 0 2 -(
: 0 O(-( ejv hve bv| Zgwb dRii Avhvb p

O& #> e

p
B& ejv hve bv| Avhvbi `vAvq q( 5> q( H . #> ( I 2 $ & z
7I
D/( ?
> ejv
hve bv| GmKj AwZwi k mK ewYZ nv`xQwj Rvj I hCd|
gmwR` wbgvYKvix I gmwR` AvMgbKvix
hme Avgj Ki gvbyl eo jvfevb nZ cvi, gmwR` wbgvY I gmwR` AvMgb
Zvi AbZg| gmwR` wbgvY Kij Avjvn Zvi Rb RvbvZ Ni wbgvY Kib|
Avjvn Zvi Rb RvbvZ Avcvqbi eev Kib| hviv gmwR` AvMgb Ki
wdwikZviv Zvi Rb Avjvni wbKU gv Pvq|
86 K eo jvfevb
d( 2 4
( < f
L -( 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";

: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvni wbKU vb mg~ni ga
mevcv wcq vb nj gmwR` mg~n| Avi mevcv Nb vb nj evRvi mg~n
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/696; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/ 644)| gyQjx hLb gmwR` hvq ZLb Avjvni
wbKU mevcv wcq vb hvq| Gme vb Avjvni ingZ mePq ekx ewlZ
nq|
=#G
! 7 d" 7, ! 7(;
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: c b
. ( $ m&; ;
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: d"
IQgvb (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew GKgv Avjvni Dk GKwU
gmwR` wbgvY Ki, Avjvn Zvi Rb RvbvZ GKwU Ni wbgvY Kib (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/697; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/645)| A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, gmwR`
wbgvYi cwZ`vb nQ RvbvZ|
d( #( 7, ! 7(;
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h mKvj-weKvj gmwR` hve
Avjvn Zvi Rb Zvi cZK evii cwieZ GKwU Ki gngvb`vix-Avcvqb
cZ Ki ivLeb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/698; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/646)| A nv`xQ
viv eySv hvq h, gvbyl hZevi Bev`Zi Dk gmwR` hvq, ZZevi Zvi Rb
Avjvn Avcvqb cZ Ki ivLb| Avjvn Zvi cwZ Lywk nq hvb|
K( ; -( 7, !(7;
d7e

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: c b . > F d, c -( ;
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> K "9 1
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@_ "9 > r cJ7S 9 1 M =H -( K( ; -( _
Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) ejb ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, QvjvZi bKxi evcvi mB
ewB mKj gvbyl Acv AwaK bKxi nK`vi h ew gmwR` mevcv
AwaK `~i nZ AvMgb Ki| Avi H ew mevcv ekx bKxi AwaKvix nq, h
K eo jvfevb 87
Bgvgi mv_ QvjvZ Av`vq Kivi Rb Acv Ki, H ewi Pq h GKv
QvjvZ Av`vq Ki AZtci Nywgq co (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/700; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/647)| A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, h hZ `~i _K gmwR` QvjvZ
Av`vqi Rb Avme, m ZZ ekx bKxi AwaKvix ne| Avi evoxZ GKv
QvjvZ Av`vq Kivi Pq Bgvgi mv_ RvgvAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij AwaK
bKx iqQ|
Ab GK nv`xQ ivm~j (Qvt) ejb, B
. 92 B . (rN f
A& D B . 92 q( $ 7, c " F1
@ B . (rN f
A& D In evb~ mvjgv! Zvgiv Zvgvì evox mB `~ieZx vbB ivL,
Zvgvì c`wP Abyhvqx Zvgvì bKx jLv ne| Zvgiv Zvgvì vbB
_vK, Zvgvì c`wP Abyhvqx Zvgvì bKx jLv ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/699;
qW <, 7, ! 7(;

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: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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X2<; c 5 k(i j QZW 2 ; _Y : ! 7l / 6 /( _Y 9 ! 7 c 5
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c5 %D 4 ( H . Q! ( 2 9 d> ! " ` ( Q#H$ & c5 EY 7 ! <7& O( 6W H .
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@! "$ 9 E "D ! $ 7( D /( d>
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, mvZ kYxi gvbylK Avjvn
ZvAvjv Zuvi wekl Qvqv wèb hw`b Zuvi Qvqv eZxZ Avi Kvb Qvqv _vKe
bv| 1. bvqcivqb kvmK| 2. H hyeK h eo nqQ Avjvni Bev`Z| 3. H
ew hvi Ai gmwRì mv_ m _vK, gmwR` _K ei nIqvi ci
cybivq gmwR` wdi bv Avmv ch| 4. H `yew hviv Avjvni mwi Avkvq
GK AciK fvjevm| G DkB Dfq wgwjZ nq Ges c_K nq| 5. H
ew h wbRb AvjvnK iY Ki Avi Zvi `yPvL Ak wemRb KiZ _vK|
6. H ew hvK Kvb mv cwievii myìx bvix (ewfPvii Rb) Avnvb Ki
Avi m ej, Avwg AvjvnK fq Kwi| 7. mB ew Mvcb `vb Ki| GgbwK
Zvi evg nvZ RvbZ cvi bv h, Zvi Wvb nvZ wK `vb Ki (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
88 K eo jvfevb
A nv`xQ wKqvgZi w`b mvZ kYxi gvbylK wekl Qvqv `qv ne ej DjL
Kiv nqQ| Zba GK kYxi gvbyl nQ hvì Ai me`v gmwRì mv_
Szj _vK| Kvb KviY gmwR` nZ ei nj Avevi gmwR` hvIqvi Rb e
nq co|
c5 6 H > X 4
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb ewi gmwR` RvgvAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vqi bKx Zvi Ni ev Zvi evRvi QvjvZ Av`vq Acv cuwPk Y
ekx| Avi GB bKx ZLbB nq hLb m ew myì Ki Ih~ Ki Avi GKgv
QvjvZi Dk gmwR` hvq| GgZvevq m hZ c`c ivL cZK
c`ci ìY GKUv Ki c` DbZ Kiv nq Ges GKUv Ki bvn gv Kiv
nq| AZtci hLb m QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ _vK wdwikZvMY Zvi Rb `vAv
KiZ _vKb| Zviv ejb, f D > 0 7( ! ( & > 0 7( ! $ . > 0 7 ! 7(; 6J e
> 0 7
@! 7(; n Avjvn! Zzwg Zvi cwZ AbyMn Ki, n Avjvn! Zzwg Zvi cwZ `qv Ki, n
Avjvn! Zzwg ZvK gv Ki, n Avjvn! Zzwg Zvi ZIev Keyj Ki| Avi Gfve
Zviv ejZ _vK h ch m QvjvZ Av`vqi vb _vK| hZY m KvDK K
bv `q Ges Ih~ f bv Ki (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/702; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/650)|
A nv`xQ ejv nqQ, h ew gmwR` hvq Zvi cZK c`ci wewbgq
Zvi bvn Si hvq Ges ghv`v eo hvq| hZY m QvjvZi Acvq _vK
ZZY m QvjvZi gaB _vK| Avi Zvi Ih~ bv fvv ch wdwikZviv Zvi
Rb wewfbfve gv PvBZ _vK|
K eo jvfevb 89
B # -( 6( ` 2 ( Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . X( 2 O( c -( ;
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$ &
Avey KvZv`v (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Zvgvì KD gmwR`
cek Ki, ZLb m hb emvi c~e `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/704; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/653)| GUv gmwRì nK, Gi bvg ZvwnqvZzj
gmwR`| `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kivi c~e emv wbwl| h Kvb mgq
gmwR` cek Kij `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ ne| GgbwK wbwl mgq
mg~n KD gmwR` cek KijI| QvjvZ Av`vq bv Kij ùvwoq _vKZ ne
Ges mgq gZ ei nq hZ ne| ZeyI emv hve bv|
=.0 s ( , _ # C& 9 /( ( (B 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( ,. -( ? s f B( ;
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5( # G
$ & -(# _ # O( (g5( d%8
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KiZb| Avi hLb AvMgb KiZb, c_gB wZwb gmwR` cek KiZb Ges
`yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki mLvb emZb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/653)| mdi
_K w`bi c_g fvM evox Avmv mybvZ| c_g gmwR` cek Ki `yivKAvZ
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mybvZ| `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vqi ci gvbyli mv_
K_vcK_b Kiv mybvZ|
4
P H . T $ , 7, ! 7(;
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew KvDK nvivbv e
gmwR` Abymvb KiZ be m hb ej, Avjvn hb ZvgvK Zv wdwiq bv
`q (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/706; evsjv wgLvZ nv/654)| nvivbv e gmwR` Zvjvk Kiv
nvivg| Kvb ew nvivbv wRwbm gmwR` Abymvb KiQ RvbZ cvij ejv
DwPZ h, Avjvn hb ZvgvK Zvgvi nvivbv wRwbm diZ bv `b|
d( 7(Kl c5 ^>i$ & i
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d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";

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@q C & _ 9 _* > . "L # H $ &
90 K eo jvfevb
eyivq`v (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hviv AKvi gmwR` hvq ZvìK
wKqvgZi w`b Zvì c~Y RvwZi mymsev` `vI (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qvnxn, wgkKvZ nv/721;
hviv AKvi K Ki gmwR` QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ hvq, Avjvn Zvì Rb

wKqvgZi w`b wekl Avjvi eev Kieb| KviY wKqvgZi gvV ne
AKvivQb|
~ . <D c *. p 9-(. 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
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p 7& O d(7; k(& k7($ & S I 9 5 1 . # D 6& 3 # $> %
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s I ' s I ; ? ( 6( 5( . (A$ & c5 t b & 4 ( ' ;$G & d(
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@c "$ D c D & ( ... B $ & f > ' A( "$ & ~ D ' I &
Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, GKevi Avwg Avgvi cwZcvjKK
AwZ Dg Aevq ^c `Ljvg| ZLb wZwb AvgvK wRm Kijb, n gynvv`
Avcwb wK Rvbb, kxlvbxq wdwikZvMY wK welq wbq weZK KiQ? Avwg
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Av`vqi ci gmwR` Aevb Kiv, (L) cvq nuU RvgvAvZ DcwZ nIqv, (M)
Ki mgq Dgic Ih~ Kiv| h Gic Kie m KjvYi mv_ euvPe I
KjvYi mv_ gZzeiY Kie Ges m Zvi bvn nZ cvK-cwe nq hve, mB
w`bi bvq h w`b Zvi gvZv ZvK cme KiQ| A_vr wbvc nq hve|
AZtci Avjvn ejjb, n gynvv`! hLb Zzwg QvjvZ Av`q Kie ZLb Zzwg GB
`vAv eje, ... B $ & f
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KiZ, g` KvR mg~n ZvM KiZ I `wi`ì fvjevmZ Ges Zzwg AvgvK gv
Ki, Zzwg Avgvi cwZ `qv Ki (kvim mybvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/726)| A
nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h QvjvZi ci gmwR` Acv Kij cvc gyQ hvq|
Ggb wbvc nq hgb Rbw`b wbvc wQj| D `vAvwU Avjvn Avgvì
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K eo jvfevb 91
qW r(4
( r( 7, ! 7(;
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Avey Dgvgv ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, wZb kYxi jvK iqQ hviv mKjB
Avjvni `vwqZ _vK| 1. h Avjvni ivvq hy ei nqQ m Avjvni `vwqZ
iqQ, hZY ch Avjvn ZvK DwVq bv bb Ges RvbvZ cek bv Kivb
A_ev ZvK bKx ev MYxgZi gvji mv_ wdwiq Avbeb| 2. h gmwR` Mgb
Ki m Avjvni `vwqZ _vK| 3. h mvjvg mnKvi wbRi Ni cek Ki m
Avjvni `vwqZ _vK (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/727; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/672)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, hviv Avjvni ivvq wRnvì Rb ei nq, Zvì
whv`vi Avjvn| Avi hviv mvjvg viv evoxZ cek Ki Ges hviv gmwR`
QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb hvq, Zvì whv`viI Avjvn nb|
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QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb ei nj Zvi bKx GKRb Gnivgavix nvRxi bKxi mgvb|
Avi h PvkZi QvjvZi Rb ei nj Zvi QvIqve GKRb IgivKvixi QvIqvei
mgvb Ges GK QvjvZi ci Aci QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv hvi ga Kvb Ab_K KvR
Kiv nqwb Ggb ewi bvg Bjxb jLv nq (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK
A nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, hviv myì Ki Ih~ Ki dih QvjvZi Dk evox
_K ei nq, Zviv GKRb Gnivgavix nvRxi mgvb QIqve ARb Ki| Avi
PvkZi QvjvZi Rb ei nj Igiv Kivi mgvb QIqve jvf Kie|
92 K eo jvfevb
QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
hme Avgji gvag gvbyl RvbvZ jvf KiZ cvi, QvjvZ Zvi AbZg| QvjvZ
Av`vqi gvag gvbyl eo jvfevb nZ cvi| Avjvn ejb,
; d0"D X( 4
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( & wbqB QvjvZ gvbylK Akxj I Amr KvR _K weiZ ivL
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mK wRm Kiv ne| hw` Zvi QvjvZ MnYhvM nq, Zvnj mg Avgj
MnYxq ne| Avi hw` QvjvZ MnYhvM bv nq, Zvnj mg AvgjB evwZj ne
(wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/598)| QvjvZ Ggb GKwU Bev`Z hv Avjvni wbKU MnxZ nj
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, QvjvZi QIqve wZbfvM
wef| GKfvM cweZvi gvag wZxq fvM iK~i gvag ZZxqfvM wmR`vi
gvag| h GBwj c~Y Av`vq Kij Zvi QvjvZ MnxZ nj Ges mg AvgjI
MnxZ nj| Avi hvi QvjvZ MnY Kiv ne bv, Zvi Kvb AvgjB MnY Kiv ne bv
(wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/643)|
A nv`xQ viv cZxqgvb nq h, QvjvZ Keyj nIhvi Rb wZbwU KvR myì nIqv
hiix- 1. Ih~- Ih~ myì bv nj QvjvZ Keyj ne bv| 2. iK h_vh_ c~Y bv nj
QvjvZ Keyj ne bv| 3. wmR`v h_vh_ c~Y bv nj QvjvZ Keyj ne bv| Avi
QvjvZ Keyj bv nj mg Avgj evwZj ne|
K eo jvfevb 93
'
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: d b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
p
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d( q $
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@ ^<A(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, cuvP Iqv QvjvZ, GK RygAv
nZ Aci RygAv ch, GK ivgvhvb nZ Aci ivgvhvb ch Kvddviv nq m
mg bvni hv Gi gaeZx mgq nq| hLb Kexiv bvn _K euP _vK
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/564; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/518)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, cvuP Iqv
QvjvZ, RygAvi QvjvZ Ges ivgvhvb gvm wQqvg cvjb Kij bvn gvd nq
hvq| Ze QMxiv bvn gvd nq| KviY Kexiv bvn gvdi Rb ZIev kZ| Avi
Kvb w`b Ggb bvn Kie bv GB `p cwZv Ki gb AbykvPbv wbq webqi
mv_ Avjvni wbKU ZIev Kij eo bvn gvd nZ cvi|
=0 -( ( 9-(. -( 7, ! 7(;
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: d b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
d(C<9 ( (O t c ! . 2 d(C<9 6& 3 ' s > u $ ` _s 9 6 B ! " 6 9 B # -( j <
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, AvQv ejZv hw` Zvgvì
Kviv ìRvq GKwU bni _vK hvZ m `wbK cuvPevi Mvmj Ki, Zvi wKQy
gqjv evKx _vKe wK? QvnvexMY ejjb, Kvb gqjv _vKe bv| ivm~j (Qvt)
ejjb, GBic D`vniY nQ cuvPIqv QvjvZi| Avjvn GB cvuP Iqv
QvjvZi gvag bvn mg~n gyQ `b (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/565; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/519)| nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, hviv gbvhvM mnKvi cuvP Iqv QvjvZ Av`vq
Ki Zvì Aciva mg~n gv nq hvq|
# p <e -( c *
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Avbvm (ivt) ejb, GK ew Gm ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg n` Rvix
Kivi gZ Aciva KiwQ, myZivs Avgvi Dci n` cqvM Kib| eYbvKvix ejb,
ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi Aciva mK ZvK wKQy wRm Kijb bv| G mgq QvjvZi
Iqv nq Mj| ZLb m ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_ QvjvZ kl Kiv gv jvKwU
ùvwoq ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j! Avwg n` Kvqg Kivi gZ Aciva KiwQ|
Avgvi cwZ Avjvni wKZve wbavwiZ n` Rvix Kib| bex Kixg (Qvt) ejjb,
Zzwg wK Avgvì mv_ QvjvZ Av`vq KiQ? m ejj, nuv| bex Kixg (Qvt)
ejjb, Zvgvi bvn Avjvn ZvAvjv gvd Ki w`qQb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
Avjvn I ivm~j (Qvt) Acivai Rb h kvw wbaviY KiQb, Zv hw` Acivai

Abyic nq, Ze ZvK wKQvQ ej| h_v nZvi e`j nZv, PvL b Kivi e`j
PvL b Kiv, bvK KvUvi e`j bvK KvUv BZvw`| Avi hw` Abyic bv nq, ZvK
n` ej| h_v ewfPvii Rb cv_i viv nZv Kiv| Pzwii Rb nvZ KvUv Ges
kive cvb Kivi Rb evNvZ Kiv BZvw`| GB jvKwU wK Aciva KiwQj Zv
ivm~j (Qvt) wRm Kibwb| Ze QvjvZ Av`vqi gvag gv nqQ ej
NvlYv KiQb| nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, QvjvZi gvag h Kvb Aciva gv
nZ cvi|
u $ ` 7, ! 7(;
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QvjvZ dih KiQb| h ew QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb Dgic Ih~ Kie Ges
wVK mgq QvjvZ Av`vq Kie Ges c~Y fq-fxwZ wbq webqi mv_ Zvi iK c~Y
Kie, Zvi Rb Avjvni cwZkwZ iqQ, Avjvn ZvK gv Ki wèb| Avi h
Gfve Av`vq Kie bv, Zvi Rb Avjvni Dci Kvb cwZkwZ bB| BQv Kij
Avjvn ZvK gvd Kieb, BQv Kij ZvK kvw wèb (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/570; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/524)|
K eo jvfevb 95
evLv : cuvP Iqv QvjvZ dih| Kvb ew hw` myì Ki Ih~ Ki fq-fxwZ
mnKvi wVK mgq cuvP Iqv QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Zvi AZxZi bvn gv nq
hve| Gfve QvjvZ Av`vqKvixi bvn gv Kivi evcvi Avjvn Iqv`v
KiQb| hviv myì Ki Ih~ Ki bv QvjvZi iKb mg~n I Lyk~K cwic~Y Ki
bv, Zvì bvn gv Kivi evcvi Avjvni Kvb Iqv`v bB|
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Avey Dgvgv evnjx (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì
cwZ wbavwiZ cvuP Iqv QvjvZ Kvqg Ki, ivgvhvb gvmi wQqvg cvjb Ki,
Zvgvì gvji hvKvZ c`vb Ki Ges Zvgvì EaZb KgKZv hv Av`k Kib
Zvi AvbyMZ Ki| Zvnj Zvgiv BQv gZ Zvgvì cwZcvjKi RvbvZ cek
KiZ cvie (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/ 571; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/525)|
D# G
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ew Kvb fzj bv Ki gbvhvM mnKvi `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, Avjvn
Zvi AZxZi bvn gv Ki wèb (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ
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cm Dvcb Ki ejjb, h ew mwVK wbqg I mwVK mgq QvjvZ Av`vq
Kie, wKqvgZi w`b QvjvZ Zvi Rb Avjv, cgvY I gywi Dcvq ne| Avi h
Gfve QvjvZ Av`vq Kie bv, QvjvZ Zvi Rb Avjv, cgvY I gywi Dcvq ne
96 K eo jvfevb
bv| wKqvgZi w`b m KviY, diAvDb, nvgvb I DevB Beby Lvjdi mv_
_vKe (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/578; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/531)|
evLv : nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, gvbyl hw` QvjvZi wbqg-Kvb~b mwVKfve
gb mwVK mgq Av`vq Ki, Zvnj QvjvZ Zvi Rb wKqvgZi w`b wekl
Avjv wnmve MY ne| QvjvZ Zvi Rb cgvY îc ne| QvjvZ Zvi Rb
gywi Dcvq ne| Ab_v m QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mI h_vh_ kvw fvMi Rb
Rvnvbvg hve| hLvb mv_x wnmve diAvDb, nvgvb, KviY I DevB Beby
Lvjvdi mv_x wnmve eo Acivax jvKiv _vKe| Avjvn! Zzwg AvgvìK
mwVKfve QvjvZ Av`vqi ZvIdxK `vb Ki|
. >" 79> ( Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
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Z( , . p $ , Z( (O q( <9 . X( . $; ;

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Rvnvbvg hve bv h, dRi I AvQii QvjvZ Av`vq KiQ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
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Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew
dRi I AvQii QvjvZ Av`vq Kij m RvbvZ hve (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/625;
A nv`xQ dRi I AvQii QvjvZi wekl iZ eySvbv nqQ| Abvb QvjvZ

mn hviv dRi I AvQii QvjvZ mwVKfve Av`vq Kie, Zviv KLbI Rvnvbvg
hve bv; eis Zvì wVKvbv nQ RvbvZ|
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@=< ( $3 DF R <S L q $ & c5 ( $ 7( 9 ( Q!( C <, /( G 0 > c5
K eo jvfevb 97
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hw` gvbyl RvbZ Avhvb `qv
Ges QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb c_g mvwiZ ùvovbvi ga wK bKx iqQ, Zvnj
jUvix Kiv eZxZ Zvì Kvb Dcvq _vKZ bv| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ c_g mgq
QvjvZ Av`vq KivZ wK bKx iqQ, Zvnj Zviv Abi AvM cuQvi AvcvY
Pv KiZ| Avi hw` Zviv RvbZ Gkv I dRi QvjvZi ga wK bKx iqQ,
Zvnj Zviv GB QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb nvgvwo w`q njI AvmZ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
A nv`xQ ivm~j (Qvt) dRi I Gkvi QvjvZ GZ AwaK QIqve wbwnZ _vKvi
K_v ejQb h, gvbyl hw` QIqvei K_v RvbZ Zvnj fvj gvbylZv hZB
Ag gvbylI nvgvwo w`q njI hZ Ges G QIqve ARb KiZ|
d(7; 6( C( r&-( XW 4
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( & C 5"$ &
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QvjvZ nQ dRi I Gkv| hw` Zviv RvbZ G dRi I Gkv QvjvZ wK bKx
iqQ, Zvnj Zviv G QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ AvmZ nvgvwo w`q njI (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/629; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/580)|
c 5 tF i & d7e 7, ! 7(;

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m hb Aaivw QvjvZ Av`vq Kij| Avi h dRii QvjvZ RvgAvZ Av`vq
Kij m hb c~Y ivw QvjvZ Av`vq Kij (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/630; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/581)| Gkv Ges dRii QvjvZ wK iqQ Zvi wKQy cgvY A nv`xQ cvIqv
hvq| Gkvi QvjvZ RvgvAvZ Av`vq Kivi ci dRii QvjvZ RvgvAvZ Av`vq
Kij c~Y ivw QvjvZ Av`vq Ki hv QIqve ne Abyic QIqve ne| GUv Avjvni
AbK eo AbyMn| Avjvn ev`vi Dci Lywk nj Gic AbyMn Ki _vKb|
T U C( ( s k( c p
7& C 5( 7, ! 7(;
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Avey Dgvgv evnjx (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU Gm ejjvg, Avcwb
AvgvK GKwU Avgji K_v ejyb, hv Avwg h_vh_fve cvjb Kie| ivm~j (Qvt)
ejjb, hLbB Zzwg Avjvni Iqv wmR`v Kie, ZLbB Avjvn Zvgvi ghv`v
ew Kieb Ges bvn gyQ èb (wmjwmjvn Qnxnvn nv/542)|
(M3 x 9 A 9L-( Z( C5( f "y& -( X( 4 (S > Z( (y-( # O( d=5( $ ; (-. Z( O( f "$ & c -( ;
c *5( 2 G
L B L X m&A( ! D k(( ! 5& ; -( ( c *-( >-( Z( (C5( ! 5 ; -( -( 6W H . Z( (C5(
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Z( , . p $ ,
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Av`vq KiZ `Ljb Ges ejjb, Zvgiv KD G hyeKi cwiPq Rvb? GKRb
ejj, Avwg ZvK wPwb| Beby Igi (ivt) ejjb, Avwg ZvK wPbj ekx ekx
iK~ wmR`v KiZ ejZvg| KviY ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ, wbqB ev`v
hLb QvjvZ ùvovq Zvi mg bvn Zvi `yKuva iL `qv nq| hZevi iKz,
wmR`v Ki ZZevi Zvi bvn Si co (wmjwmjvn Qnxnvn nv/575)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Kvb Acivax QvjvZ Avi Kij Zvi bvn Zvi
Kuva Puvwcq `qv nq Ges iK-wmR`vi mv_ m bvn Si hvq|
: 7, ! 7(;
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: d b . c* , . (& ( $7& , ;
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mvjgvb dvimx (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb gymjgvb QvjvZ Avi
Ki Zvi bvn Zvi gv_vi Dci _vK| hZevi m wmR`v Ki ZZevi bvn Si
co| AZtci hLb m QvjvZ kl Ki ZLb Zvi me bvn Si hvq (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/579)|
d( : X( <A& > ~ . # 9 qs ; $ H c 5 = 9 . -( 7, ! 7(;

: d7e
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ivm~j (Qvt) ejb, h ew AvjvnK m Kivi Rb 40 w`b RvgvAvZ QvjvZ
Av`vq Kie Ges ZvKexi Zvnixgv cve A_vr QvjvZ Avi nIqvi mgq
K eo jvfevb 99
DcwZ _vKe Avjvn ZvK `ywU wRwbm nZ gyw wèb| 1. Rvnvbvg _K gyw
wèb Ges 2. gybvdKx _K gyw wèb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/747)|
A nv`xQ cgvwYZ nq h, h ew 40 w`b cuvP Iqv QvjvZ Avi nIqvi
mgq DcwZ _vKe, Avjvn ZvK Rvnvbvg _K gyw wèb Ges Zvi ga
gybvdKx _vKe bv|
d7e 7, ! 7(;
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Avbvm Beby gvwjK (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew dRii QvjvZ
RvgvAvZ Av`vq Kij, AZtci m~h D`q nIqv ch em Avjvni whwKi Kij,
AZtci `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij, Zvnj Zvi n I Igiv cvjbi c~Y
bKx nj| ivm~j (Qvt) K_vwU wZbevi DPviY KiQb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/747)|
A nv`xQ _K eySv hvq h, hviv dRii QvjvZ Av`qi ci mLvb em _K
Avjvni whwKi Kie Ges m~hv`qi ci `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kie, Avjvn
ZvK GZ QIqve wèb ea cvq n I Igiv Ki hZ QIqve cvIqv hvq|
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QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ges hvni c~e Pvi ivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki, Zvi Rb
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d7(;
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, GKgv Lye ekx ekx ZIevKvix
GKwb ewiv PvkZi QvjvZi cwZ j ivL| Avi GB QvjvZi bvg nQ
QvjvZzj AvDqvexb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/772)|
@ %
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c -( ;
100 K eo jvfevb
Avey Qvjn gvid m~ eYbv Kib bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, hvnii c~e Pvi
ivKAvZ QvjvZ ivZi Zvnvy` QvjvZi mgvb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/536)|
hvnii cye Pvi ivKAvZ mybvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij ivZ Zvnvy` QvjvZ
Av`vq Kivi mgvb bKx ne|

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QvjvZi Dci GKwU QvjvZ ew KiQb Zv Zvgvì Rb jvj DUi Pq
Dg| Avi Zv nQ dRii c~e `yivKAvZ mybvZ QvjvZ (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn
nv/559)| mKvj Aviei jvKì KvQ mePq g~jevb m` wQj jvj DU|
AZGe jvj DU hgb gvbyli KQ mePq ekx KjvYKi Zgwb dRii
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w`q ejeb, Avgvi cwZekxiv Kv_vq, Avgvi cwZekxiv Kv_vq? ivm~j (Qvt)
ejjb, ZLb wdwikZviv ejeb, n Avgvì cwZcvjK! Kvi Rb kvfbxq h,
Avcbvi cwZekx ne? ZLb Avjvn ZvAvjv ejeb, gmwR` Avev`Kvix A_vr
gmwR` QvjvZ Av`vqKvix ewiv Avgvi cwZekx (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/561)| hviv
gmwR` wMq QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Avjvn wKqvgZi w`b ZvìK cwZekx
wnmve MnY Kieb|
p , ZW S ` 7, ! 7(;
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d7(; "= b ( B( ! 0 H c 5 '
& 5( ! D4(S # G $ & d( ` > r tF b &
k(5( k(b
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GKwU ewki Dci Kvb gymjgvb gviv Mj ZvK RvbvZ cek Kivbvi
evcvi Avjvn wbRB hvwgb`vi| 1. Kvb jvK wRnv` KiZ wMq gviv Mj
Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ `qvi evcvi hvwgb`vi| 2. Kvb jvK Kviv Rvbvhvq
wMq gviv Mj Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ Ìqvi evcvi hvwgb`vi| 3. Kvb jvK
Kvb Amy jvK `LZ wMq gviv Mj ZvK RvbvZ `qvi evcvi Avjvn
hvwgb`vi| 4. Kvb jvK myì Ki Ih~ Kij AZtci Kvb QvjvZ Av`vqi Rb
gmwR` wMq gviv Mj Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ `qvi evcvi hvwgb`vi| 5. Kvb
jvK GKgv kv Kivi Dk Kvb bZvi wbKU Mj Ges mLvb m gviv
Mj Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ `qvi evci hvwgb`vi| 6. Kvb jvK evoxZ _vK
Kviv MxeZ Ki bv Ges Zvi wbKU Kvb kvw ev mwi AwfhvM Kiv nq bv
Ggb jvK gviv Mj ZvK RvbvZ `qvi evcvi Avjvn hvwgb`vi (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/618)| G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, hviv Dgic Ih~ Ki AZtci h
Kvb QvjvZ Av`vqi Dk gmwR` hvq Ges mLvb gZzeiY Ki Ggb
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Bgvg Avgxb ejb, ZLb
Zvgiv Avgxb ej| Kbbv wdwikZvMYI ZLb Avgxb ejb| AZtci hvi Avgxb
wdwikZvMYi Avgxbi mv_ wgj hve, Zvi AZxZi mg bvn gv Kiv ne
(eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/825)|
102 K eo jvfevb
A nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, Avgxb Rvi ejZ ne| wdwikZvMY Avgxb ejb,
Bgvg-gyv`x mKjKB Avgxb ejZ ne| hvi Avgxb wdwikZvMYi Avgxbi
mv_ wgj hve Zvi AZxZi mg bvn gv Kiv ne|
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co Ges wmR`v Ki kqZvb ZLb Kuv`Z Kuv`Z GKw`K Pj hvq Ges ej
nvq Avgvi `yfvM! Av`g mvbK wmR`vi Av`k Kiv nj wmR`v Ki, dj
Zvi Rb RvbvZ| Avi AvgvK wmR`vi Av`k Kiv nj Avwg A^xKvi Kwi, dj
Avgvi Rb Rvnvbvg (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/895; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/835)| A nv`xQ viv
cgvwYZ nq h, wmR`vi cwiYvg RvbvZ Avi wmR`v A^xKvii cwiYvg Rvnvbvg|
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RvbvZ _vKZ PvB| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, GQvov Avi wKQy PvI| Avwg ejjvg,
GUvB PvB| wZwb ejjb, Zvnj ekx ekx Ki wmR`v Ki G evcvi AvgvK
mvnvh Ki (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/896; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/836)|
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K eo jvfevb 103
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Gi mv_ mvvr Kijvg Ges ejjvg, AvgvK Ggb GKUv KvRi mvb w`b hv
viv Avjvn AvgvK RvbvZ cek Kiveb| wZwb Avgvi K_v b Pzc _vKjb|
Avwg cybivq ZvK wRm Kijvg, wZwb Pzc _vKjb| ZZxqevi ZuvK wRm
Kijvg| wZwb ejjb, Avwg wbR G evcvi ivm~j (Qvt)-K wRm KiwQjvg|
ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) AvgvK ejjb, Zzwg ekx ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ
_vK| KviY Zzwg hZ ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kie Avjvn ZZ ghv`v ew
Kieb Ges bvn gv Kieb (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/897; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/837)| G
nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, RvbvZ hvIqvi GK wekl gvag bdj QvjvZ|
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Ki Avjvn Zvi cwZ `kevi ingZ elY Kib (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/921; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/860)|
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Avjvn Zvi Dci `kevi ingZ elY Kib| Zvi `kwU bvn gvd Kiv nq Ges
`kwU ghv`v ew Kiv nq (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/922; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/861)|
AvjvnK Lykx Kivi GKwU eo gvag Avjvni ivm~ji cwZ ì` cvV Kiv| GZ
Avjvn gvbyli cwZ ingZ elY Kib| gvbyli bvn gv Kib Ges Zvì
ghv`v ew Kib|
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QvjvZi ci whwKi I Zvmexn cvVKvix
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33 evi myenvbvjvn, 33 Avj-nvg`ywjjvn Ges 33 evi Avjv AvKevi ejj, Zvi
nQ gvU 99 evi| AZtci GKkZ c~Y Kivi Rb ejj, / ( #
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njb mekwgvb| H ewi mg bvn gvd Kiv ne, Zvi bvni cwigvY
mgyì dbvi mgvb njI (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/967; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/905)|
h Kvb QvjvZ kl Kvb gyQjx hw` GB Zvmexn mg~n GB wbqg cvV Ki,
Zvici GB `vAvwU cvV Ki, Zvnj Zvi mg bvn gv Kiv ne Zvi bvn
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dvjvK I m~iv bvm covi Rb Av`k KiQb (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK
wgkKvZ nv/969; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/907)| G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, dih-bdj h
Kvb QvjvZi mvjvgi ci m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm cov GK iZc~Y
Av`km~PK mybvZ| Gi QIqvei Kvb wnmve bB|
K eo jvfevb 105
T # O& -( & k(( 7, ! 7(;
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@qP . -( E ; -( & -( c> ( fL -( u $ i >
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ch GB `xN mgq em Avjvni whwKi Ki, Zvì mv_ hvM`vb KivK Avwg
BmgvCj eskxq PviRb jvKK Avhv` (gy) Kivi PqI Dg gb Kwi| Gic
hviv AvQii ci nZ m~hv ch em Avjvni whwKi Ki, Zvì mv_ hvM`vb
KivK PviRb Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi PqI Dg gb Kwi (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn,
Avjevbx ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/970; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/908)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, AvQii ci nZ m~hv ch Ges dRii ci
nZ m~hv`q ch whwKi Kij 8 Rb Mvjvg Avhv` Kivi mgvb bKx cvIqv
hve| Avi GB Avgj Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU AZxe wcq|
d7e 7, ! 7(;
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ch em Avjvni whwKi Ki, Zvici `yivKAvZ bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Zvi
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nv`xQi kvn` iqQ)| G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq dRii QvjvZi ci nZ m~hv`q
ch whwKi Kivi ci `yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kij cPzi cwigvY bKxi
AwaKvix nIqv hve|
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Avey Dgvgv (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ, wZwb GB KvVi
wg^vii Dci ùvwoq ejwQjb, h ew h Kvb QvjvZi ci AvqvZyj Kzimx
coe, Zvi RvbvZ cek KiZ giY eZxZ Avi wKQy cwZeK _vKe bv
(Kzeiv, bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ UxKv bs 2, ct 308)|
evLv : dih-bdj h Kvb QvjvZi ci AvqvZzj Kzimx cov GK iZc~Y

mybvZ, hvi wewbgq RvbvZ|
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ejQb, h gvMwie I dRii QvjvZi ci `kevi eje, Avjvn eZxZ Kvb
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Zuvi nvZB mg KjvY, wZwb mKjK RxweZ Kib Ges gZz NUvb, wZwb mg
welqi Dci gZvevb| Ggb ewi Rb cZK ki cwieZ `kwU bKx
jLv ne, Zvi `kwU bvn gyQ `qv ne, Zvi `kwU ghv`v ew Kiv ne|
GQvovI G `vAvwU Zvi Rb cZK g` KvR nZ iK ne Ges weZvwoZ
kqZvb nZI ivKeR ne| Gi e`jZ Kvb bvn ZvK k KiZ cvie
bv| (A_vr wkiK eZxZ) Kvb wKQyB ZvK asm KiZ cvie bv| H ew ne
mg gvbyl Acv Dg AvgjKvix| Ze h Gi PqI Dg K_v eje m
Aek Gi Pq Dg ne (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, hv`yj gvAv` 1/290ct)|
DjwLZ nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, D `vAvwU mKvj-mv 10 evi cvV Kij
10wU Ki bKx ne, 10wU Ki bvn gyQ hve, 10wU ghv`v ew cve| h Kvb
Acm`bxq KvRi cwZeK ne| weZvwoZ kqZvb nZ iv cve| wkiK Qvov
Kvb bvn ZvK asm KiZ cvie bv| gvbyli ga mePq Dg AvgjKvix
ej MY ne|
K eo jvfevb 107
7, ! 7(;
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bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kie, Zvi Rb RvbvZ GKwU Ni wbgvY Kiv ne| Pvi
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`yB ivKAvZ Gkvi ci Ges `yivKAvZ dRii c~e (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, cuvP Iqv QvjvZi mv_ evi ivKAvZ bdj QvjvZ
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mvavZxZ evcvi| Zvici hvnii c~e Pvi ivKAvZ, Zvici hvnii
`yivKAvZ Zvici gvMwiei ci `yivKAvZ, Zvici Gkvi ci `yivKAvZ
avivevwnK iZ enb Ki| cKvk _vK h, gvMwiei ci Qq ivKAvZ bdj
covi cgvY ewYZ nv`xQwU Rvj (Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1173)| gvMwiei ci
wek ivKAvZ bdj QvjvZ covi cgvY ewYZ nv`xQwUI Rvj (Avjevbx, ZvnKxK
K eo jvfevb 109
wgkKvZ nv/1174)| Gkvi ci Pvi ivKAvZ ev Qq ivKAvZ QvjvZ covi cgvY
ewYZ nv`xQwUI wbZvB hCd (Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1175)|
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m~h Xj hvIqv gv cw_exi me wKQy Avjvni Zvmexn cvV KiZ _vK (wZiwghx,
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ivZ Zvmexn-Zvnjxj I whwKi Kiv| RvbvZ DP vb I eo ghv`v cvIqvi
mePq eo gvag nQ ivZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, d(5GD
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Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi Beb AvQ (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew ivZ
QvjvZ ùvwoq `kwU AvqvZ cvV Ki ZvK Ajmì ga MY Kiv ne bv|
110 K eo jvfevb
Avi h ew 100 AvqvZ ZjvIqvZ Ki ZvK webqxì ga MY Kiv ne|
h ew GK nvhvi AvqvZ ZjvIqvZ Ki ZvK AwaK KvhKvixì ga MY
Kiv ne (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1201)|
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QvjvZ Av`vqKvix ej MY ne| 100 AvqvZ ZjvIqvZKvix webqx gyvKx ej
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eYbv KiwQ| mg cksmv Avjvni| Avjvn eZxZ Kvb gve~` bB| Avjvn AwZ
gnvb| Avjvni mvnvh eZxZ Avgvi Kvb kw I mvg_ bB| AZtci ej n
Avgvi cwZcvjK! Zzwg AvgvK gv Ki| Avjvn Zvi cv_bv Keyj Kib| Avi
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K eo jvfevb 111
gyAvh Beb Rvevj (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h Kvb gymjgvb Ih~
Aevq Avjvni whwKi Ki mvq kqb Ki Ges ivZ DV Avjvni wbKU Kvb
KjvY Pvq Avjvn wbqB ZvK Zv `vb Kib (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK
evLv : Ih~ Aevq `vAv co Nygvbv mybvZ| Ggb ew ivZ DV Avjvni

KvQ wKQy PvBj Avjvn ZvK Zv wèb|
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d7e & g5( QWX# C& ; p 7% k(b > D & g5( QWX# C& ; p
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B( M( 5( ( C( , g5( Q# O. (5 6W 9y(
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Zvgvì KD Nygvq
kqZvb Zvi gv_vi wcQb w`K wZbwU wMiv `q Ges cZK wMivi Dci gvni
gvi ev _vev gi ej, ivZ AbK AvQ Zzwg wbw NygvI| hw` m RvM Ges
`vAv co Zvnj GKwU wMiv Lyj hvq| Zvici hw` m Ih~ Ki AviI GKwU
wMiv Lyj hvq| Zvici hw` m QvjvZ Av`vq Ki Ze Aci wMivwUI Lyj hvq
Ges m mKvj cdzj gb cwe Ai mKvj Ki| Ab_v m mKvj DV
KjywlZ Ai I Ajm gb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1219; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1151)|
evLv : Bev`Zi Dk ivZ DVvi wei kqZvbi cej evav`vbKB wZbwU
wMiv viv eywSqQb| ivZ DV Bev`Z KiZ cvij kqZvbi Dk evwZj
nq| kqZvbi cPv wbj nq| Ggb ew Avjvni ingZ cdzj nq| dj m
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112 K eo jvfevb
gyMxivn Beby ev (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ivZi QvjvZ
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Ki w`qQb| wZwb ejjb, Avwg wK Avjvni GKRb KZ ev`v ne bv? (eyLvix,
gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1220; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1152)|
evLv : cZK gvbyli Rb `ywU KviY ivZ DV Bev`Z Kiv KZe 1. gv

PvIqvi Dk, 2. Avjvni Kwiqv Av`vqi Dk|
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gnvkwkvjx nIqvi ciI cwZkva wbZ Pvb bv| `ywbqvZ KZ gvbyl KZfve
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mKji bvn gv Kivi Rb mevBK WK ejb, wec` AvgvK WvK Avwg
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Rvwei (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)K ejZ bwQ, wZwb ejwQjb, ivi
ga Ggb GKwU mgq AvQ, hw` Kvb gymjgvb m mgq jvf KiZ cvi Ges
K eo jvfevb 113
Avjvni wbKU BKvji Kvb KjvY Pvq Avjvn ZvK Zv `vb Kib| Avi GB
mgqwU cZK ivZB iqQ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1224; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1156)| evLv :
GB wekl gyn~Z Kvb ivZi ga mxgve bq| cZK ivZB NU| Gmgq
mevi Abymvb Kiv DwPZ|
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Kiv DwPZ| ivZ Bev`Z Kiv nQ Zvgvì c~eeZx bK jvKì wbqg|
Zvgvì Rb Zvgvì cwZcvjKi bKU jvfi cv, bvn gvdi Dcvq
Ges Aciva, AkxjZv nZ weiZ _vKvi gvag (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ
evLv : ivm~j (Qvt) gvbylK ivZ Bev`Z Kivi Rb Dy KiQb| ivZ

Bev`Z cwZcvjKi mw jvfi eo gvag| cvc gvPbi eo Dcvq| Aciva,
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Av`vq Ki| Avi hw` m DVZ A^xKvi Ki Zvnj Zvi gyLi Dci cvwb
wQwUq `q| Abyic Avjvn `qv Kib mB x jvKi cwZ h ivZ DV QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki| wbRi ^vgxKI RvMvq Ges mI QvjvZ Av`vq Ki| Avi hw` m
DVZ A^xKvi Ki Zvnj Zvi gyL cvwb wQwUq `q (bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/1230)|
114 K eo jvfevb
evLv : h me bvix-cyil ivZ DV Bev`Z Ki Ges x ev ^vgxK Bev`Z
Kivi Rb RvMZ Ki, Zvì cwZ Avjvn ingZ elY Kib| Zvì cwZ ivhx-
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evwni nZ `Lv hvq| mme cvmv` Avjvn Ggb ewi Rb cZ Ki iLQb
h ew gvbyli mv_ big K_v ej, zavZK LZ `h, wbqwgZ wQqvg cvjb
Ki Ges ivZ gvbyl hLb Nywgq _vK ZLb QvjvZ Av`vq Ki (evqnvKx, nv`xQ
Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1232; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1164)|
evLv : G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq PviwU KvRi wewbgq Avjvn gvbyli Rb RvbvZ
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Avey mvC` Lyìx I Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Kvb
ew ivZ ^xq xK RvMvq, AZtci Dfq c_Kfve A_ev GKmv_ `yB
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Afy nq (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1238; evsjv wgkKvZ
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evLv : h ^vgx-x ivZ DV GKmv_ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki, Avjvn ZvìK

whwKiKvixì Afy Ki `b|
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K eo jvfevb 115
hme QvjvZ Av`vq Kij Lye ekx bKx cvIqv hvq Zvi ga AbZg nQ
PvkZi QvjvZ| m~hv`qi ci nZ m~h wi nIqvi c~e ch mgqK hvnv ev
PvkZ ej| c~eeZx bexMY GB mgq QvjvZ Av`vq KiZb| ekx KjvYi
Avkvq GB QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv DwPZ|
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cZKi cwZwU Mwi Rb GKwU Qv`vKv Kiv AvekK| Ze (gb iLv)
Zvgvì cZK Zvmexn GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK Zvngx` GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK
Zvnjxj GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK ZvKexi GKwU Qv`vKv Ges mrKvRi Av`k
GKwU Qv`vKv Ges Amr KvR wbla GKwU Qv`vKv| Aek GkivK ev PvkZi
`yivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Gmei cwieZ h_ (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1311; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1236)|
evLv : Avgvì kixii cZK AYy-cigvYyi Rb GKUv `vb Kiv AvekK|

Avjvn ZvAvjv Avgvì cwZ `qv Ki wbi kwjK `vb îc c`vb
KiQb| myenvbvjvn, Avj-nvg`ywjjvn, jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn, Avjv AvKevi|
AZGe GB kwj ej Avjvni Kwiqv Av`vq Kiv DwPZ| Ze PvkZi QvjvZ
Kwiqv Av`vqi mevg gvag| Gme Zvmexn cvV Ki hZ bKx cvIqv hve
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Avey `vi`v I Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ejb,
n Av`g mvb! Zzwg Avgvi Rb w`bi c_gvsk Pvi ivKAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq
Ki| Avwg w`bi klvsk Zvgvi Rb h_ ne| A_vr Avwg w`bi klvskB
116 K eo jvfevb
Zvgvi Dk c~Y Kie (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1313; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1238)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, gvbyl h Avkv wbq w`bi c_gvsk PvkZi QvjvZ
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(Avey `vD`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1315; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1239)| G nv`xQ
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h bdj QvjvZi Pq RbKjvYKi KvR Dg| hgb ivv nZ K`vqK e
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gg ewYZ nv`xQ wbZvB hCd (wZiwghx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1316)|
RygAvi QvjvZ Av`vqKvix
RygAvi w`b mvni GKwU wekl w`b| G w`b Ggb GK mgq iqQ h mgq
gvbyl hv Pvq Avjvn ZvK Zv `vb Kib| G w`b gvbyl RygAvi Lyrevi c~e ch
Lye ekx ekx QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cvi| G w`b Avjvn Av`g (Avt)-Gi ZIev
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K eo jvfevb 117
p
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& _ 9 u $ i > ! 7(;
@q $ G & _ 9 c 5 / q ; >
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Ggb mKj w`b Acv RygAvi
w`b Dg hvZ m~h Dw`Z nq| RygAvi w`bB Av`g (Avt)-K mw Kiv nqQ|
GB w`b ZuvK RvbvZ cek Kivbv nqQ Ges GB w`b ZuvK RvbvZ _K
ei Kiv nqQ| Avi RygAvi w`bB wKqvgZ msNwUZ ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
q $ G
& c5 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Z( O( $ 0 qs 9 . c 5 >9 (U; -( =` 05
F Z k( 9 Y 7
#Y <; 0C 59 /( qP ; (
@ >9 (U; -( =`
F Z k( 9 cJ7S 9 Y ^(O Y 7
0C 59 ( qP ; ( q $ G
& c5
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, RygAvi w`b Ggb GKwU mgq
iqQ, hw` Kvb gywgb ev`v m mgqwU cvq Ges ZvZ Avjvni wbKU Kvb
KjvY cv_bv Ki, Zvnj Avjvn wbqB ZvK Zv `vb Kib (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/1357)| Ab eYbvq iqQ, hw` Kvb gymjgvb QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
Aevq H mgq cvq Ges Avjvni wbKU Kvb gj cv_bv Ki Avjvn ZvK Zv
wbqB `vb Kib (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1357; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1278)|
p
$ , Z C 9 c -( p
$ , Z( (O ! ";
: c b . 1 * k(& d, c -( X( 2 c -( ;

@X 4
(S > d8C& D & -( d( _ g& u
7G 9> & -( c 3 Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z( , .
Avey eyi`v Beby g~mv (ivt) ejb, Avwg Avgvi wcZv Avey g~mvK ejZ bwQ,
ivm~j (Qvt) RygAvi w`bi m mgqwU mK ejb, Zv Bgvgi wgî emv nZ
RygAvi QvjvZ kl nIqv ch (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1358; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1279)|
! 7(; p
7(y( _s 9 ` 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
q ; > _ C D ! 5 '
! 5 ! 7(; f
D ! 5
( <3 - ! 5 _ 2 N E 7` ! 5 q $ G
& _ 9 u
$ i
>
118 K eo jvfevb
q ; > PC( u
$ i
> T 7U& D d> R <S
D q $ G
& _ 9 qW I

c 3 qs >2
@ >9 (U; -( P)
F Z k(
9 cJ7S
9 3 Y 7
#Y <; 052 S9 ( qW ; , ! 5 u
g& > G
&
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, m~h Dw`Z nq
Ggb mKj w`b Acv RygAvi w`b Dg| ZvZB Av`g (Avt)-K mw Kiv
nqQ, GB w`bB ZuvK `ywbqvZ AeZxY Kiv nqQ| GB w`bB Zuvi ZIev
Keyj Kiv nqQ, GB w`bB wZwb gZzeiY KiQb Ges GB w`bB wKqvgZ
msNwUZ ne| wKqvgZ msNwUZ nIqvi fq RygAvi w`b dRi nZ m~hv`q
ch wRb I gvbyl eZxZ mKj cvYxB wPrKvi KiZ _vK| RygAvi w`b Ggb
GKwU mgq iqQ, hw` Kvb gymjgvb Zv QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv Aevq cvq Ges
Avjvni wbKU wKQy Pvq Zvnj wbqB Avjvn ZvK Zv `vb Kib (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ
Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1359)|

$ & 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . ? s u -( ;
@u
$ i
> q <( d( S
& # q $ G
& _ 9 c 5 dH D c q( ; >
Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, RygAvi w`bi m mgqwU Zvjvk Ki
hvZ `vAv Keyji Avkv Kiv hvq, AvQii ci nZ m~hv ch (wZiwghx, nv`xQ
Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1360; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1281)|
evLv : (1) mvni mvZ w`bi ga mevg nQ RygAvi w`b| (2) G w`b
Av`g (Avt)-K mw Kiv nqQ| (3) G w`b ZuvK RvbvZ cek Kivbv
nqQ| (4) G w`b ZuvK RvbvZ nZ ei Ki `qv nqQ| (5) G w`b ZvuK
`ywbqvZ bvwgq `qv nqQ| (6) G w`bB wKqvgZ msNwUZ ne| (7) G w`bB
gvbyl Ges wRb eZxZ mewKQyB wKqvgZi fq wPrKvi KiZ _vK| (8)
RygAvi w`b Kvb ew gviv Mj Zvi Keii Avhve gvd Kiv ne| (9)
Gw`b Kvb ew m~iv Kvnvdi c_g 10 AvqvZ coj ZvK `vvji drbv
nZ iv Kiv ne| (10) G w`b Ggb GK mgq iqQ, m mgq Avjvni wbKU
hv PvIqv nq ZvB cvIqv hvq| mgqwU RygAvi Lyrev nZ QvjvZ kl nIqv ch
nZ cvi wKsev AvQii QvjvZi ci nZ gvMwie ch nZ cvi| (11) G
w`b ekx ekx ì` coZ ejv nqQ| (12) RygAvi w`b Av`g (Avt)-Gi
gZz NUQ| (13) RygAvi w`b C`yj wdZi I C`yj Avhnvi Pq Dg|
K eo jvfevb 119
6 8
5& -( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . v s -( v -( ;
c> 7(; mB& k(5( q C( S
> ! 5 q I
& "> ! 5 |
<O ! 5 _ 2 N E 7` ! 5 q $ G
& _ 9 A >9-(
@c> 7(; qW b A D4
(e g5( ! 5 X 4 (S >
AvIm Beby AvIm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì mKj w`b
Acv RygAvi w`bwU nj k| GZ Av`g (Avt)-K mw Kiv nqQ| GZB
Zuvi gZz nqQ Ges w`bB wek asmi Rb wksMvq dzrKvi `qv ne Ges GB
w`bB cybixweZ Kivi Rb wZxqevi wkvq dzrKvi `qv ne| myZivs H w`b
Avgvi cwZ ekx Ki ì` cvV Ki| KviY Zvgvì ì` Avgvi wbKU ck
Kiv nq (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/1361; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1282)| A
nv`xQ viv eySv hvq RygAvi w`b ekx ekx ì` coZ ne|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . . M "$ & # <; q( < c -( ;
_ 9 d%b k(& _ 9
# "; K( ; -( 3
# "; 0$ K( ; -( _ >9k(& # *, q $ G & _ 9

: d5 D ! 5 } . k(& d( _ 2 N ! 5
: ( <3 -( _ 2 N ! 5
: E 7(` Zs 4 ( ` u $ ` ! 5 U& &

_ C D ! 5 = Z& k( 9 ( (U; -( / P) # < & 05
F Z k( 9 /( qW ; , ! 5 _ 2 N
3 / s % /( Zs <H /( s 9. /( } s . -( ( ts $, /( j s > C( ? s 7( q ; >
@q $ G & _ 9 EY i

Avey jyevev Beby Ave`yj gybwhi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, RygAvi w`b
mKj w`bi mi`vi Ges mKj w`b Acv Avjvni wbKU mvwbZ| GUv
Kzievbxi w`b I C`yj wdZii w`b AcvI Avjvni wbKU AwaK mvwbZ w`b|
ZvZ cuvPwU iZ iqQ| GB w`b Avjvn Av`g (Avt)-K mw KiQb| GB
w`b Avjvn ZuvK cw_exZ cvwVqQb| G w`bB Zuvi gZz w`qQb| GB w`b
Ggb GKwU mgq iqQ, Gmgq Avjvni KvQ wKQy PvBj Avjvn wbqB Zv `vb
Kib| hZY m Kvb nvivg wRwbm bv PvBe| Gw`bB wKqvgZ msNwUZ ne|
mKj mvwbZ wdwikZv Avmgvb, hgxb, evZvm, cvnvo I mgy` mewKQyB RygAvi
w`b fxZ _vK (wKqvgZ msNwUZ nIqvi fq) (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1363; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1284)| GB nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, cw_exi
APZb eI AvjvnK Pb Ges ZuvK fq Ki|
120 K eo jvfevb
7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s$ ;
# <; ;
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: (O / q $ G
& q( 7(( -( q $ G
& _ 9 '
$ 9 s 7

Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gymjgvb hw`
RygAvi w`b A_ev RygAvi ivZ gviv hvq, Zvnj wbqB Avjvn ZvK Keii
wdrbv nZ iv Kieb (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1367; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1287)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj RygAvi w`b Kvb gymjgvb ew gviv Mj
ZvK Keii kvw nZ iv Kiv ne| nv`xQi A_ GB bq h, h Kvb ew
gviv Mj Zvi Keii kvw gvd Kiv ne|
! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . c , . ( & ( $7& ,
# <; c -( ;
-( Q!"3 2 3 #> 9 Qs0 y (U, 0> U9 Qq $ G & _ 9 6W H . 6 9 /( 7,
p S "9 > r Q!( f
B cJ7S 9 > r Q"r& h
* ( 9 4( 5( I 9 > r Q! f y u L $ 9
@` : q $ ! " ! ( / Q_ 7A( D (
mvjgvb (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew RygAvi w`b Mvmj Kie
Ges mvavbyhvqx Dgic cwivi-cwiQbZv jvf Kie Ges wbRi mwZ Zj
kixi jvMve A_ev Ni myMw _vKj wKQy myMw eenvi Kie| Zvici
gmwR` hve Ges `yB ewi Kuva wWwq AvM hve bv, Gici Zvi c hZ
ivKAvZ me bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kie| Avi Bgvg hLb Lyrev wèb ZLb Pzc
Ki Lyrev be| wbqB Avjvn ZvAvjv Zvi GB RygAv Ges c~eeZx RygAvi
gaKvi bvn gv Ki wèb (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1381; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1299)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, RygAvi w`b Mvmj Kiv Dg| me nj kixi Zj
jvMvbv Ges myMw eenvi Kiv fvj| jvKRbK wWwq mvgb hvIqv hve bv|
h_vme ekx ekx bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kie| 15B kvevb Ges ivgvhvbi kl
eRvo ivwwjZ 8 ivKAvZi ekx QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv weÀvZ| Avi
RygAvi w`b ekx ekx QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv mybvZ| ci Gm gvbyli Kuva wWwq
mvgb hvIqv m~Yic wbwl| Lyrev PjvKvjxb mgq Pzc _vKv AvekK| GB
wbqg QvjvZ Av`vq Kij `yB RygAvi gaeZx mg bvn gvd Kiv ne|
K eo jvfevb 121
> r 6(
& 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! ( ! cJ7S
9 > r ! <U& `
( & 9 d> p S -( > r ! ( . #* O d7S
5( q( $ G & dD-(
@_s >9-( q r((7r( 6 8
5( ` k& q $ G & ! "
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Mvmj Kie AZtci
RygAvi QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ hve Ges h_vme bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kie,
Zvici Bgvg Qvne Lyrev Avi Kij kl bv nIqv ch Pzc Ki _K be
Ges Bgvgi mv_ QvjvZ Av`vq Kie Zvi H RygAv I c~eeZx RygAvi gaKvi
bvn mg~n gvd Ki `qv ne| AwaK AviI wZb w`bi bvn gv Kiv ne
(wgkKvZ nv/1383; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1300)|
k(b
> D 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
X 2 9V q $ G
& ! " ! ( p S - T $ , (5 q( $ G
& dD-( > r QFt b
k(5(
-( # C( 5( S% & u> Qs_>9- q r(4 ( r(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Dgic Ih~ Ki
RygAvi QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ hve Ges Pzc Ki Lyrev be Zvi G RygAv _K
c~eeZx RygAv ch bvn gv Kiv ne| AwaK AviI wZb w`bi bvn gv
Kiv ne| h ew Lyrevi mgq Ki k Kij ev wKQy bvoj m Ab_K KvR
Kij (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1383; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1301)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, myì Ki Ih~ Ki RygAvq Gm Pzc Ki Lyrev
bj Zvi `yB RygAvi gaKvi bvn gv Kiv ne Ges AviI wZb w`bi bvn
gv Kiv ne| Lyrevi mgq Ab_K Kvb K_v ejv I KvR Kiv hve bv|
_ 9 ( (B ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
6 m($ B( G* 0 $ & 6 m( Z( > k(&(5 Z( > k(& ( <A& 9 # G
$ & j
d(7; q A( ^4 ( $ & p
( O( q $ G
&
_ g&
` (g5( qP 8 > r qP H H2 > r =i<B( > r XP C( 1 # 0 9 1
M (B > r qP # 1 # 0 9 1 M
@ B& MJ ( $
9 0 ( %e y(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb RygAvi w`b Avm, ZLb
wdwikZvMY gmwRì ìRvq Gm ùvovb Ges hvi c~e h Avm Zv wjLZ
122 K eo jvfevb
_vKb| h ew Lye mKvj Avm Zvi D`vniY nQ, h gvq Kzievbxi Rb
GKwU DU cvVvq| AZtci h Avm Zvi D`vniY h GKwU Mi cvVvq| Zvici
AvMgbKvix GKwU `y^v, Zvici AvMgbKvix GKwU gyiMx, Zvici AvMgbKvix hb
GKwU wWg cvVvj| hLb Bgvg Lyrevi Rb ei nb, wdwikZvMY Zvì LvZv
gywoq bb Ges Lyrev bZ _vKb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1384; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1302)|
evLv : RygAvi w`b wdwikZvMY gmwRì ìRvq ùvovb Ges K KLb Avm
Zvì bvg wjLZ _vKb| hviv c_g Avm Zviv GZ ekx bKx ARb Ki gvi
wgbv gvV GKwU DU Kzievbx Kij hZ bKx nq| Zvici hviv gmwR` Avm
Zviv wgbv gvV GKwU QvMj Kzievbx Kivi mgvb bKx jvf Ki| Zvici hviv
Avm Zviv GKwU gyiMx `vb Kivi mgvb QIqve jvf Ki| Gici hviv Avm Zviv
GKwU wWg `vb Kivi mgvb bKx jvf Ki| Gici hviv Avm Zvì bvg
wdwikZvMY LvZvq wjLb bv| Zviv RygAvi w`bi wekl bKx ARb KiZ cvi
bv| Zviv aygv QvjvZ Av`vqi bKx jvf Ki|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O /( (O $0 ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( #s , c -( ;
dD-( > r # "; ( (B & fs y u > ! r
-( u <( q $ G & _ 9 6(
&
d> ! ` ( p
S -( > r ! (
: f B( d7e > r v >" h "; -(

I 9 7(5( q( $ G
&
@07(<O( c ! $ H 0" $ XP . B( p (B ! D(7e ( & 9
Avey mvC` Lyìx I Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew
RygAvi w`b Mvmj Ki Ges Avcb Dg cvkvK ci, wbRi KvQ myMw
_vKj Zv eenvi Ki AZtci RygAvi QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ hvq Ges myL
hvIqvi Rb gvbyli Nvoi Dci w`q hvq bv| Zvici m h_vme bdj QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki| Gici Bgvg hLb Lyrevi Rb ei nb ZLb _K Lyrev I QvjvZ
kl nIqv ch bxie _vK, G Avgj Zvi Rb G RygAv I c~eeZx RygAvi
gaKvi bvn gvPbi Rb Kvddviv îc nq hvq (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h Lyrevi mgq Pzc _vKv AvekK Ges K_v ejv nvivg|
RygAvi w`b Mvmj Kiv Dg| mePq myì ev cwivi-cwiQb cvkvK civ
DwPr| myMw jvMvbv fvj| gvbyli Kuva wWwq mvgb hvIqv wbwl| hZ ekx
K eo jvfevb 123
me bdj QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv fvj| RygAvq DcwZ nq Gfve Avgj Kij `yB
RygAvi gaKvi bvn gv nq hve|
_ 9 6(
> ( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( O( Z( (O ! ";
: c b . vs -( v
-( ;
Xs U& ` 6J A ! ( ( (B 7& 9 ( T $ , _ g& 2 A( A 6(
& q $ G
&
@0 O 0 e
H -( qs ", 6 $ ;
AvIm Beby AvIm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew RygAvi w`b
Mvmj Kie Ges Kivbvi eev Kie AZtci mKvj mKvj cZ ne, cvq
nuU gmwR` hve I Bgvgi wbKU em Pzc Ki Zvi Lyrev be, Ab_K wKQy
Kie bv, Zvi cZK K`g GK eQii Avgji bKx ne| A_vr GK eQi
w`b wQqvg cvjb Ki Ges ivZ Zvnvy` co h bKx nq, Zv ne (wZiwghx,
Avey`vD`, bvmvC, Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1388)|
evLv : G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq Kvb ew hw` mKvj Mvmj Ki, cvq nuU
gmwR` wMq Bgvgi cvk em Ges AnZzK Kvb K_v bv ej Pzc Ki Bgvgi
Lyrev keY Ki, Zvnj Zvi cZK c`ci wewbgq GK eQii wQqvg cvjb
I Zvnvy` covi mgvb bKx `qv ne|
h ivMxK `LZ hvq I h ivMvv nq
hme KvRi viv AvjvnK m Kiv hvq, ivMxK `LZ hvIqv Zvi AbZg|
gvbyl ivMxK `LZ wMq hZY _vK, ZZY RvbvZi dj AvniY KiZ
_vK|
2 ; ( 7
$ & 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";

: c b . ( r( ;
@q ">G
& q 5( ` c 5 Z& [ 9 ( 7
$ & `-(
QvIevb (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gymjgvb hLb Zvi Kvb ivMx
gymjgvb fvBK `LZ hZ _vK, ZLb m RvbvZi dj AvniY KiZ _vK|
Avi GUv wdi Avmv ch AevnZ _vK (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1441)| A nv`xQ viv
cgvwYZ nq h, hviv ivMxK `LZ hvq, Zviv wdi bv Avmv ch bKx ARb
KiZ _vK| Zviv RvbvZi c_ PjZ _vK|
124 K eo jvfevb
!
: 2 9L 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
@! " f S 9L P`
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn hvi cwZ KjvYi BQv
Kib, ZvK wec`M Kib (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1536; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1450)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Avjvn Kvb ewK RvbvZ `qvi BQv Kij
Amy Ki A_ev Kvb mgmvi gyLvgywL Ki wec`M Kib| GZ eySv hvq h,
mKj wec`B Avjvni vai KviY nq bv| wec` ah aviY Kij Ges
Avjvni cwZ ivhx _vKj AbK QIqve AwRZ nq|
7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . d(7; p 7& ` 2 Z( (O ! ";
: c b . 2s
# <; ;
Z , . Z( (C5( =#9# PA; ? ; ( ?
>
Z( , . 9 p 7& C 5( 1 # !
$ 5( ? ; 9 3
-( ? ( p 7& C 5( Z( (O A " (7H . ? ; 9 $B( ? ; - c * 6& H -( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O > r 6& H -( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (C5( 9 H -( ?
(

l% D $B( ! D()*, !
: , $5( } s P-( ! <S 9 s 7 7,
@0O(. X G
i>
Ave`yjvn Beby gvmE` (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, GKevi Avwg bex Kixg
(Qvt)-Gi wbKU Mjvg ZLb wZwb Ri fzMwQjb| Avwg Avgvi nvZ viv ZuvK
k Kijvg Ges ejjvg, n Avjvni ivm~j! Avcwb h, cej Ri fzMQb| ZLb
bex Kixg (Qt) ejjb, nuv, Avwg Zvgvì `yRb Rii mgvb Ri fzMZwQ|
Beby gvmE` (ivt) ejb, Avwg ejjvg, GUv G KviY h, Avcbvi Rb `yY
bKx iqQ| ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, nuv| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Kvb
gymjgvbi cwZ h Kvb K AvivwcZ nvK bv Kb, PvB Zv ivM nvK ev Ab
Kvb wec`| Avjvn GB Ki wewbgq Zvi bvn gyQ wèb hfve MvQ Zvi
cvZv So kl Ki (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1538; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1452)|
K eo jvfevb 125
7
$ & f
S9 Z( O( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

* "> ; ! ";
: c b . #s , c -( ;
/ 0B i9 q B( i
> d> Qn( /( Q=( - /( Qs[ /( Qn 3 /( Qsfe /( QsfS
@ 9(U` 0
: B(
Avey mvC` (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) nZ eYbv Kib wZwb ejb, hLb
gymjgvbi cwZ Kvb wec`, ivM-kvK, wPv-fvebv, `ytL-K AvivwcZ nq,
GgbwK hLb Kvb KuvUv Zvi kixi we nq, Zviv Avjvn Zvi bvn mg~n gvd
Ki `b (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1537; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1451)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, gymjgvb h Kvb mgmvq wbcwZZ nj GgbwK
cvq KuvUv dzUjI Zvi Rb m bKx cve|
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Rvwei (ivt) ejb, GKevi ivm~j (Qvt) Dy mvqei wbKU Mjb Ges ejjb,
Zvgvi wK nqQ, Kuv`Q Kb? m ejj, Ri, Avjvn Rii gj bv Kib| ivm~j
(Qvt) ejjb, RiK Mvwj wÌ bv| KviY Ri Av`g mvbi bvn mg~n `~i Ki,
hfve KgKvii nvci jvnvi gwiPv `~i Ki (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1543; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1457)|
G nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, KgKvii nvci hgb jvnv Mig Ki Zvi gwiPv
`~i Ki, Zgb Ri gvbyli bvn gyQ `q| GRb Kvb ivM nj ZvK Lvivc
gb Ki Mvwj `qv hve bv|
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& c5 zY 9 ` ! ( ( (B R <S 9 d>
Avjx (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ, Kvb gymjgvb mKvj ejvq
Kvb gymjgvbK `LZ Mj Zvi Rb mv ch mi nvhvi wdwikZv Avjvni
126 K eo jvfevb
wbKU `vAv KiZ _vK| hw` m mv ejvq ZvK `LZ hvq, Zvnj Zvi
Rb mKvj ch mi nvhvi wdwikZv Avjvni wbKU `vAv KiZ _vK
(Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1550; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1464)|
gymjgvbi Rb GK hiix KvR nQ Amy jvKK `LZ hvIqv| h ew

Kvb Amy jvKK mKvj `LZ hvq Zvi Rb mv ch 70 nvhvi wdwikZv
Avjvni wbKU gv Pvq| Avi mvq `LZ Mj mKvj ch 70 nvhvi
wdwikZv Avjvni wbKU gv Pvq| Ggb jvKi Rb GKwU evMvb Zix Kiv nq|
ts 4 ( < 7
$ & c 7 ( 7, ! 7(;
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@! $ . ! ( ( ( ! 8
<O( & Q 0> y(
Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gymjgvbK hLb kvixwiK Kvb
wec` djv nq, ZLb wdwikZvK ejv nq, m jvK myvevq hme bKxi KvR
KiwQj GLb KiZ cvi bv, Zzwg Zvi bKx wjLZ _vK| AZtci hw` Avjvn
ZvK AvivM `vb Kib, ZvK bvn nZ ayq cwe Kib| Avi hw` ZvK
DwVq bb, Zvnj ZvK gvd Ki `b Ges Zvi cwZ ingZ Kib (kim mybvn,
nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1553; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1474)|
evLv : hLb Kvb gvbyli kixi Kvb ivM nq Ges Bev`Z KiZ cvi bv
ZLb Avjvn wdwikZvK ejb, Zvgiv Zvi AvMKvi mr Avgji gZ Avgj
wjLZ _vK| Avjvn ivM `qvi ci AvivM `vb Kij ZvK bvn nZ cwe
Kib| Avi hw` Zvi gZz NU Zvnj ZvK gvd Ki `b|
, TY <, X 2 0i > 7, ! 7(;
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Rvwei Beby AvZxK (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvni ivvq hyy Ki
knx` nqQ Gic ew QvovI mvZ kYxi jvK knxì ghv`v cve| 1.
gnvgvixZ gZew knx`, 2. Wze gviv MQ Gic ew knx`| 3. hvZzj Rvbe
K eo jvfevb 127
ev kvmK ivM h gviv MQ m knx`| 4. cUi ivM gZew knx`| 5. h
ew cyo gviv MQ m knx`| 6. Kvb wKQy Pvcv co gviv hvIqv ew knx`
Ges 7. cme K gZ bvix knx` (bvmvC, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1561;
evLv : A nv`xQ wewfb kYxi wec`M jvKK knx` ejv nqQ| Kvb
mvaviY Cgvb`vi jvK hw` Gme wec`M nq gviv hvq, Zvnj ZvK wKqvgZi
w`b knxì ghv`v `qv ne|
# <
: 2 .-( ( 7, ! 7(;

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: c b . u s -( ;
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Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn hLb Zvi ev`vi KjvYi BQv
Kib, ZvK AvMfvMB `ywbqvZ wec`M Ki kvw `vb Kib| Avi hLb Kvb
ev`vi AKjvYi BQv Kib Zvi bvni kvw c`vb weiZ _vKb| Aekl
wKqvgZi w`b ZvK c~Y kvw wèb (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1565; evsjv
wgkKvZ nv/1480)| G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, `ywbqvZ wec`M nIqv KjvYi
jY| Avi wec`M bv nIqv AKjvYi jY|
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Avbvm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, eo wecì wewbgq eo cwZ`vb `qv
nq| Avjvn hLb Kvb m`vqK fvjevmb ZLb ZvìK wec` viv cixv
Kib| myZivs h GZ m _vK, Zvi Rb Avjvni mw iqQ| Avi h GZ
Am nq, Zvi Rb Avjvni Amw iqQ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1566;
evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1480)| Kvb ew ev RvwZ wec`M nj eySZ ne Avjvn Zvì
fvjevmb| Avi wec` Avjvni mwi Avkv Kiv DwPZ|
t: 4
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128 K eo jvfevb
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gywgb bi-bvixi cwZ me`v wec`
jM _vK| Zvi kixi, Zvi m` wKsev Zvi mvb-mwZZ| Avi Gic
wec` AvmZ _vK Zvi kl wbtkvm ch| GgZvevq Zvi Avi Kvb bvn
_vK bv (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/1567; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1481)| evLv : gvbyl ekx
wec`M nj wbvc nq hvq|
_ 9 q 5& 6 3 -( 2L 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

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m t 4( <& 6 3 -( d(U 9 q C &
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hLb `Le wec`M ewì bKx `qv nQ ZLb Avc Ki eje, nvq hw`
Zvì Pvgov `ywbqvZ KuvwP viv KU `qv nZ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/157;
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, wec`M ì wKqvgZi w`b bKx `qv ne| `ywbqvZ
myL-kvw fvMKvix ewiv wec`M ì gvb-ghv`v `L `ytL Ki eje, Avjvn
hw` Avgvì `ywbqvZ wec`M KiZb Ges Mvqi Pvgov KU wbZb| Avi
AvR Zvi wewbgq GB myL-kvw I gvb-ghv`v w`Zb, Zvnj Avgiv KZ eo Lywk
nZvg, KZ eo jvfevb nZvg!
! 7(O( 7, ! 7(;
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myjvqgvb Beby Qyiv` (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hvK Zvi cUi ivM
nZv KiQ, ZvK Kei kvw `qv ne bv (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ ct 495, 3bs
UxKv)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Kvb ew cUi Kvb ivMi KviY gviv
Mj Zvi Keii kvw gvd Ki `qv ne|
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: c b . s . c -( t (U; ;
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K eo jvfevb 129
'
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)& & q ">G
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p )& & Z( (O c
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F
ZveC AvZv Beby Avey ivevn ejb, AvgvK GKevi Beby Avevm (ivt) ejj,
(AvZv!) Avwg wK ZvgvK GKwU RvbvZx gwnjv `Lve bv? Avwg ejjvg, nuv
`Lvb| wZwb ejjb, GB Kvj gwnjvwU nQ RvbvZx| m GKevi bex Kixg
(Qvt)-Gi wbKU Gm ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avwg gMx ivM Avv nB
Ges Dj nq hvB| Avjvni wbKU Avgvi Rb `vAv Kib| ivm~j (Qvt)
ejjb, Zzwg BQv Kij Qei KiZ cvi| Zvnj Zvgvi Rb RvbvZ iqQ|
Avi hw` BQv Ki Avwg Zvgvi Rb `vAv Kie| Avjvn hb ZvgvK AvivM
`vb Kib| m ejj, Avwg Qei Kie| AZtci ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)!
Avwg Dj nq hvB| `vAv Kib, Avwg hb Dj bv nB| ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi Rb
`vAv Kijb (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1577, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1491)| G nv`xQ viv
eySv Mj ivMi cwiYvg nQ RvbvZ| bKxi Avkvq ivMi Jl` meb bv
KivI Rvqh|
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: c b . #s , c % 9 ;
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ZveC BqvnBqv Beby mvC` ejb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hvgvbvq GK ewi gZz nj,
ZLb Aci GK ew ejj, jvKUv eo mfvMevb| jvKUv gviv Mj wK Kvb
ivM fzMj bv| GK_v b ivmyj (Qvt) ejjb, Avn, ZvgvK K ejj, m eo
mfvMevb? hw` Avjvn ZvK Kvb ivM djZb, Zvnj KZ bv fvj nZ?
(gyIqvv, nv`xQ Qnxn, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1578, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1492)|
GZ eySv hvq Avjvn hLb Kvb gvbyli bvn gvPbi BQv Kib, ZLb ZvK
Kvb ivM dj `b|
z B( /( (C5( ! 2 9 | s 9 6s H . d7(; 4 ( ` 2 $ 0 >( c % "S
L v
s -( 2 ># ;
c *g5( 9(UI
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=#<; p 7( -( ( Z C 9 6 H [> ;
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130 K eo jvfevb
! L - ! D# ( _ B( ?
( ! G
8 _ C 9 ! >g5( ! 7( d(7; c # $ %
5( =" ] 1 2 <;
3 ! ( ( G D "B ! ( H k(5(F ! 7( 1
# <; ' # >O( -( j
L > Z C 9 9(UI
&
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kvv` Beby AvIm I Qyybvwenx (ivt) nZ ewYZ, Zuviv Dfq GK cxwoZ ewK
`LZ Mjb Ges ZvK wRm Kijb, AvR mKvj Kgb nqQ? m ejj,
Avjvni `qvq fvj nqQ| GUv b kvv` ejjb, Zvgvi bvn gvd Ges
Aciva gvRbvi mymsev` MnY Ki| KviY Avwg ivm~j (Qvt) K ejZ bwQ,
Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, Avwg hLb Avgvi ev`vì ga Kvb gywgb ev`vK
ivMM Kwi Avi Avgvi G ivMM Kiv mI m Avgvi Kwiqv Av`vq Ki
ZLb m Zvi ivM khv nZ Ggb wbvc I cwe nq DV, hgb Zvi gv ZvK
wbvc I cwevevq Rb w`qwQj| Avjvn Aviv ejZ _vKb, Avgvi ev`vK
e Ki iLwQ Ges ivMM Ki iLwQ| AZGe (wdwikZv mKj) Zvgiv Zvi
myvevq h bKx wjLZwQj GB Aevq ZvB wjLZ _vK (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn
Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1579)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, ivMM nj bvn gyQ hvq| ivMM njI Avjvni
Kwiqv Av`vq KiZ nq| Avjvn ZvAvjv gvbylK ivMM Ki cixv Kib|
ivMM nj gvbyl Ggb wbvc nq hvq, Rbi mgq hgb wbvc _vK| gvbyl
myvevq h bKx ARb Ki, Amy njI Avjvn ZvAvjv m cwigvY bKx
jLvi Rb wdwikZvì Av`k Kib|
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Rvwei (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h iM ewK `Lvi Dk ei
nj, m Avjvni ingZi `wiqvq muvZvi KvUZ jvMj| mLvb cuQv ch| hLb
m ivMxi KvQ cuQj ZLb ingZi `wiqvq Wze w`j (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx,
wgkKvZ nv/1581, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1495)| iM ewK `Lvi Dk ei njB
Avjvni ingZ elY nq, Avi ivMxi KvQ cuQj Avjvni ingZ AviI ekx
nq| Ggb gvbyl Avjvni mw ARb KiZ cvi|
K eo jvfevb 131
h ew Rvbvhvi QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ hvq
Ges hvi Rb hvq
Rvbvhvq kixK nIqv gymjgvbi cviwiK nK I bKx ARbi GKwU eo
gvag| Kvb gymjgvbi Rvbvhvq kixK nj GK wKivZ Ges `vdb kixK nj
`ywKivZ QIqve AwRZ nq| Ggg nv`xQ GmQ,
X( V "H T <D> 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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! >g(5 Q5(# D & - 6( <O( T H . > r Q07(; d7e Qs# - 6 m& s O 6l B y( C H F
@ s C T H 9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Cgvbi mv_ QIqvei
Avkvq Kvb gymjgvbi Rvbvhvq Mj Ges Rvbvhv cov ch _vKj, AZtci
ZvK `vdb Kij, m `ywKivZ bKx wbq evox wdij| Avi cZK wKivZ nQ
In~` cvnvo mgcwigvY| Zvici h ew Rvbvhvi QvjvZ Av`vq Kjj, AZtci
`vdb Kivi c~e evox wdij, m GK wKivZ bKx wbq evox cZveZb Kij
(eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1651, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1562)|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
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6s H .
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gymjgvb gviv hvq Avi Zvi Rvbvhvq Ggb 40 Rb jvK ùvovq hviv Avjvni mv_
KvDK kixK Ki bv, wbqB Ggb ewi evcvi Zvì mycvwik MnY Kieb
(gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1660)|
! 7(; cJ7S
D p
s Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . q( i ^; ;
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$ & qW > -
132 K eo jvfevb
Avqkv (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, hw` Kvb gZ ewi Rvbvhvi
QvjvZ Av`vq Ki GK`j gymjgvb hvì msLv GKkZ ch cuQ Ges
cZKB Zvi Rb mycvwik Ki wbqB Ggb ewi Rb Zvì mycvwik Keyj
Kiv ne (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1661)| nv`xQ viv eySv hvq h, Rvbvhvq gyQjxi msLv
ewk nIqv gZewi Rb KjvYKi| KviY Zvì mycvwik Keyj Kiv ne|
hvi mvb evjvevq gviv hvq
Kvb jvKi QvU mvb-mwZ hw` gviv hvq AZtci m ah aviY Ki Ges
wPrKvi Ki bv Kuv` Zvnj H wcZvgvZv RvbvZ hve|
s 7
$ '
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: d7e

Z ,. Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@. >" 75( Q#( & qW r(4
( r(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h Kvb gymjgvbi wZbwU m
vb gviv hve, m Rvnvbvg cek Kie bv (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1729, evsjv
wgkKvZ nv 1637)|
Xs " 7, ! 7(;

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: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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%
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Zvgvì ga hvi wZbwU mvb gviv hve Avi m ahaviY Kie Ges bKxi
Avkv ivLe wbqB m RvbvZ hve| Gmgq GKRb gwnjv ejj, n Avjvni
ivm~j! hw` `yBRb gviv hvq? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, `yRb gviv MjI m RvbvZ
hve (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1730, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1638)| nv`xQq viv eySv hvq h, hvi
wZbRb ev `yRb QvU mvb gviv hve, Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ cek Kiveb|
fY G ; 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . s O c -( #s , ;
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F # $ Y ` ! e- & Q ] $ 7&
@! D-( c 5 d( 0 5( 9 q $ C& 7l c 5 H ] 9 d> -( 6J B c 5 H ] 9
K eo jvfevb 133
mv` Beby Avwe IqvvQ (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gywgbì Rb Lykxi
welq, hw` Zvi cwZ Kvb KjvY eZvq m ej,
# $ %
&( ev Avjvni cksmv
Ki| Avi hw` Kvb wec` AvcwZZ nq, ZeyI m ej
# $ %
&( ev Avjvni
cksmv Ki Ges ahaviY Ki| myZivs gywgb Zvi cZK KvRB bKx ARb
Ki| GgbwK xi gyL Lvì jvKgv Zzj w`jI bKx cvq (evqnvKx, nv`xQ Qnxn,
Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1733, evsjv wgkKvZ nv 1641)|
evLv : mvb gviv hvIqvi KviY Kvb gywgb `ytwLZ nq, Avjvn Zvi cwZ ingZ
elY Kib| xi gyL Lv` Zzj w`jI bKx nq|
p $ , 6& 3 ! 7(; ' # H 5( c Y ' ! ( Z( O( 4 P H . ( ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
Z( , . ! $ , Z( (O D ; " k( f

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& ;2 3 . e
Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, GK ew ZvK ejj, Avgvi GKwU cy mvb gviv
MQ| Zvi Rb Avwg AZ kvKvZ nq cowQ| Avcwb wK Avcbvi `v
gynvv` (Qvt)-Gi wbKU Ggb wKQy kybQb, hv Avgvì gZewì mK
Avgvì mvbv w`Z cvi? wZwb ejjb, nuv Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ,
wZwb ejQb, gymjgvbì QvU mvbiv RvbvZi KvhKviK ne| Zvì KD
hLb Zvi wcZvK cve, ZLb Zvi Kvcoi cvk ai UvbZ _vKe Ges ZvK
RvbvZ wbq bv hvIqv ch m c_K ne bv (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1752)| nv`xQ viv
eySv Mj, hme mvb QvU Aevq gviv hvq Zviv RvbvZi KgPvix ne| Zviv
wcZvK wbq RvbvZ cek Kie|
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134 K eo jvfevb
Z( (O "r& -(
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@ "r& "r& "r& Z( (O > r D> 0D2 ;k(5(
Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) ejb, GK`v GKwU xjvK ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU Gm
ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! cyiliv Avcbvi nv`xQ bvi myhvM jvf KiQ|
AZGe Avgvì RbI Avcbvi c nZ GKwU w`b wbavwiZ Ki w`b, h w`b
Avgiv Avcbvi wbKU AvmZ cvwi Ges hv Avjvn AvcbvK wkv w`qQb Zv
AvgvìK wkv w`Z cvib| ZLb wZwb ejjb, Zvgiv AgyK w`b AgyK vb
mgeZ nI| myZivs Zviv mgeZ njb| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) Zvì wbKU
DcwZ njb Ges ZvìK wkv w`jb, hv ZvK Avjvn wkv w`qQb|
AZtci ejjb, Zvgvì gaKvi h bvix Zvi mvbì ga nZ wZbwU mvb
Avjvni wbKU cvwVqQ, Zviv Zvi Rb Rvnvbvg ceki cwZeK ne (A_vr
Zviv ZvK Rvnvbvg hZ wè bv)| G mgq GKRb bvix ejj, n Avjvni
ivm~j (Qvt)! KD hw` `yRb mvb cvVvq? m evK `yevi ejj, ZLb ivm~j
(Qvt) ejjb, `yRb cvVvjI, `yRb cvVvjI (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1753)| G nv`xQ
viv eySv Mj h, Kviv wZb Rb ev `yRb mvb gviv Mj, H mvb Zvì
wcZvgvZvK Rvnvbvg hZ wè bv| Ggb wcZvgvZv eo mfvMevb|
cL <"> ! ( Z( (C5( ! ( Y ! 7, ! 7(;
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Zvi GKwU QjI _vKZ| GKw`b bex Kixg (Qvt) ZvK wRm Kijb, Zzwg wK
ZvK (QjK) fvjevm? m ejj, n Avjvni ivm~j! Avjvni ci AvcbvK
fvjevmvi gZB Avwg ZvK fvjevwm| AZtci GKw`b bex Kixg (Qvt) QjwUK
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ejjb, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! m gviv MQ| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, In
Zzwg wK GUv fvjevm bv h, Zzwg RvbvZi h Kvb ìRv w`q hvIbv Kb,
K eo jvfevb 135
mLvb Zvgvi Rb Acv KiZ `Le| Gmgq GK ew ejj, GB myhvM
ay Zvi Rb bv Avgvì mKji Rb? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zvgvì mKji
Rb (Avngv`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1756; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1664)| G nv`xQ viv eySv
Mj, hme Qjgq evjvevq gviv hvq, Zviv RvbvZi ìRvq Acgvb
_vKe| Zviv wcZvgvZv Qvov RvbvZ hve bv|
& _ 2 N d(D ~ . <D
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Avey Dgvgv evnjx (ivt) bex Kixg (Qvt) _K eYbv Kib h, wZwb ejQb,
Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, n Av`g mvb! hw` Zzwg wecì c_g mgq ahaviY Ki
Ges bKxi Avkv ivL, Zvnj Avwg Zvgvi Rb RvbvZ eZxZ Kvb bKxZ
m ne bv (Beby gvRvn, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1758, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1666)| A nv`xQ
viv cZxqgvb nq h, Kvb bvix-cyil hw` Qjgq givi KviY ew_Z nq,
Zvnj wbtm`n Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ wèb|
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`Lvi Rb Avmjb Ges ejjb, n Dy Avjv Zzwg mymsev` MnY Ki| Kbbv
Kvb gymwjg Amy nj Avjvn Zvi viv Zvi bvn `~i Ki `b hgb Avb
mvbv-icvi gwiPv `~i Ki `q (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3214/714)|
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(2) Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, hLb Kvb ev`vi
mvb gviv hvq, Avjvn ZvAvjv Zuvi wdwikZvì ejb, Zvgiv wK Avgvi ev`vi
mvbK DwVq wbj? Zviv ej nuv| Avjvn Avevi wRm Kib Zvgiv wK Zvi
136 K eo jvfevb
Aii abK Ko wbj? Zviv ej nuv| Avjvn Avevi wRm Kib, ZLb
Zviv wK ejj? wdwikZviv ej, ZLb Zviv ejj,
# $ %
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Qjgq gviv Mj Zvi Rb hiix KZe nQ c_g Avjnvg`ywjjvn Ges
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(3) Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-K ejZ bwQ, wbqB
Avjvn Zuvi ev`vK Amy Ki cixv Kib| Gfve Avjvn Zvi mg bvn gyQ
`b (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3244)|
6 H > 7, ! 7(;
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# "; ! ( A (
(4) Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gvbyl hLb Avjvni
wbKU ghv`v mb vbi AwaKvix nq hvq Ges m Avgji gvag m vb
cuQZ cvi bv| ZLb Avjvn ZvK me`v Ggb wec`M Ki ivLb, hv Zvi
wbKU Acm`bxq| Zvici Avjvn ZvK H ghv`v mb vb cuQ `b (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/3248/1599)|
s ] Z( (O ! >-( 7, ! 7(;

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(5) gynvv` Beby Avgi Beb nvhvg (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb
gywgb hw` Kvb wec`M gywgbK mvbv `q, Zvnj Avjvn ZvK wKqvgZi w`b
mvwbZ cvkvK civeb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3305/195)|
K eo jvfevb 137
$ 7
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Avey hvi wMdvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gymjgvbi Qjgq
hyeK nIqvi c~e gviv Mj Avjvn Zvi wekl ingZi gvag ZvK RvbvZ
cek Kiveb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3306)|
t: 4
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gywgb bvix-cyili cwZ Ges
Zvi Qj-gq I A_-mì cwZ me`v evjv-gyQxeZ AvmZ _vK| kl ch
hLb gviv hvq, ZLb wbvc nq gviv hvq (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/3307/2280)|
wQqvg cvjbKvix
wQqvg GKwU iZc~Y dih Bev`Z| Gi Rb mxgvnxb wewbgq iqQ| GwU Ggb
GK Bev`Z hvi cwZ`vb Avjvn ^n c`vb Kieb| wQqvg eZxZ cw_exZ Ab
Kvb Bev`Z bB, hvi cwZ`vb Avjvn wbR nvZ wèb| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb,
@( C >D A 7 ( A 7<O( 9M d(7; f
B $B( _ S
* A 7(; f
B " N 9M 09L-( 9
Zvgvì Rb wQqvg dih Kiv nqQ hgb Zvgvì c~eeZxì cwZ wQqvg
dih Kiv nqwQj| hvZ Zvgiv gyvKx nZ cvi (evKvivn 185)| A AvqvZ viv
eySv Mj Avjvn wQqvg dih KiQb| gvbyl wQqvg cvjbi wewbgq gyvKx nZ
cvi| hv gvbyli Dfq Rxeb mdjZv wbq Avm|
_ e 7, ! 7(;
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Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h AvjvnK m Kivi Rb
GKw`b wQqvg cvjb Kie, Avjvn RvnvbvgK Zvi wbKU nZ GKkZ eQii c_
`~i Ki wèb (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2267/2565)|
138 K eo jvfevb
_ e Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
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Z( , . -( Z( (O ! ";
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IKev Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h AvjvnK m Kivi
Dk GKw`b wQqvg cvjb Kie, Avjvn Zvi wbKU nZ RvnvbvgK mi
eQii c_ `~i Ki wèb (wmjwmjv Qnxnv nv/2267/2565)|
6 <, c 5 = 9 _ e Z( (O 7, ! 7(;

: d7e c* <"> ; c* 73 <& q( - c -( ;
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Avey Dgvgv (ivt) ejb, bex Kixg (Qvt) ejQb, h ew AvjvnK m Kivi
Dk GKw`b wQqvg cvjb Kie, Avjvn Zvi gvS Ges Rvnvbvgi gvS
GKwU MZ Lbb Kieb hvi eeavb ne Avmgvb-hgxbi eeavbi mgvb|
(A_vr Zvi gyLgjK Rvnvbvg _K 500 eQii c_ `~i Kiv ne) (wmjwmjv
Qnxnvn nv/2268/6)|
A nv`xQ mg~n viv cgvwYZ nq h, wQqvgi cwiYvg Rvnvbvg _K iv Ges

RvbvZ jvf| Avjvn wQqvg cvjbKvixi cwZ GZ m nb h, GKwU wQqvg cvjb
KijI Avjvn ZvK RvbvZ wèb|
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RvbvZi ìRv Lyj `qv nq, Rvnvbvgi ìRv e Ki `qv nq Ges mg
kqZvbK ksLwjZ Kiv nq (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/2207/1307)|
8 . 6( ` 2 ( 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
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-( p % 5
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, hLb ivgvhvb gvm Avm ZLb
ingZi ìRv Lyj `qv nq (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1956; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1860)| G
nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, ivgvhvb gvm GK wekl iZc~Y gvm| G gvm
RvbvZi ìRv Lvjv _vK, Rvnvbvgi ìRv e _vK Ges Avjvni ingZi
K eo jvfevb 139
ìRv Lvjv _vK| c~Ygvm Avjvni GK wekl `qv I ingZ elY nq| cKvk _vK
h, ivgvhvb gvmK wZb fvM Kivi nv`xQwU hCd (Avjevbx, ZvnKxK wgkKvZ nv/1965)|
q ">G
& c5 7, ! 7(;
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iqQ| Zvi GKwU ìRvi bvg ivBqvb| wQqvgcvjbKvix eZxZ H ìRv w`q
Avi KD cek KiZ cvie bv (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1957; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1861)|
evLv : wekl ghv`vi AwaKvixivB ivBqvb bvgK ìRv w`q RvbvZ cek
KiZ cvie| Avi GB ghv`v ARbi GKUvB c_ Zv nQ wQqvg cvjb Kiv|
( 8 . _ e 7, ! 7(;
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Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
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=$9 . # C( & q( 7(( _ (O ! <( _ #> C( D ! ( = > =$9 ! (O Q! <( _ #> C( D
@! <( _ #> C( D ! ( = >
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Cgvbi mv_ I
QIqvei Avkvq ivgvhvbi wQqvg cvjb Ki, Zvi c~ei bvn mg~n gvd Ki
`qv nq| h ew Cgvbi mv_ I QIqvei Avkvq ivgvhvbi ivw Bev`Z
KvUvq Zvi c~ei bvn mg~n gvd Ki `qv nq| Avi h ew Cgvbi mv_ I
QIqvei Avkvq Kìi ivw Bev`vZ KvUvq Zvi c~eeZx bvn mg~n gvd Ki
`qv nq (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1958; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1862)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, ivgvhvb Ggb GKwU iZc~Y gvm hvZ cvc gvPbi
wZbwU eo gvag iqQ| (1) Cgvb mnKvi bKxi Avkvq ivgvhvb gvmi wQqvg
cvjb KiZ cvij, Zvi AZxZi bvn mg~n gv Kiv ne| (2) Cgvb mnKvi
bKxi Avkvq Zvivexn-Gi QvjvZ Av`vq KiZ cvij AZxZi bvn mg~n gv
Kiv ne| (3) jvBjvZzj Kìi ivwwj RM Bev`Z KiZ cvij, AZxZi
bvn mg~n gv Kiv ne|
140 K eo jvfevb
6 $ ; 6l B 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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@Y ê Y c *
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Av`g mvbi bK Avgj
evovbv nq _vK| cZK bK Avgj `kY nZ mvZ kZ Y ch cuQ|
Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, Ze wQqvg eZxZ| KviY wQqvg AvgviB Rb cvjb Kiv
nq Ges Zvi cwZ`vb AvwgB wè (hZ BQv ZZ)| m Avgvi Rb ^xq cew I
Lv`-cvwb ZvM Ki| wQqvg cvjbKvixi Rb `ywU cavb Avb` iqQ| GKwU
Zvi BdZvii mgq Ges AciwU RvbvZ Avcb cwZcvjKi mv_ mvvZi
mgq| wbqB wQqvg cvjbKvixi gyLi M Avjvni wbKU wgkKi Lykey AcvI
AwaK myMgq| wQqvg nQ gvbyli Rb Rvnvbvg nZ ivi Xvjîc| myZivs
hLb Zvgvì Kviv wQqvg cvjbi w`b Avm m hb Akxj K_v bv ej Ges
Ab_K kviMvj bv Ki| hw` KD ZvK Mvwj `q A_ev Zvi mv_ SMov
KiZ Pvq m hb ej Avwg GKRb wQqvg cvjbKvix (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
evLv : Av`g mvb GKwU bKx Kij `kwU jLv nq Ges Zv evwoq mvZkZ
Kiv nq| wQqvgi bKx Gfve jLv I evovbv nq bv| wQqvg GKgv Avjvni
fq-fxwZZB cvjb Kiv nq| KviY Ab Bev`Z Kij gvbyl `LZ cvq, wK
wQqvg cvjb Kij gvbyl `LZ cvq bv| Mvcb gvbyl AbK wKQy LZ cvi,
wK Avjvni fq Lvq bv| hnZz wQqvgi cwZ`vb Avjvn wbR ^n m wP
wèb| ZvB jLviI cqvRb bB, bKxi msLv DjL Ki evovbviI cqvRb
bB| Avgiv bvnMvi z` gvbyl wnmve mekwgvb eo `qvevb, eo gvkxji
wbKU Avkv ivwL wZwb Avgvì ^n ewnmve cwZ`vb w`q gv Ki wèb| n
Avjvn! AvgvìK wQqvg cvjbi kw w`q gv Ki wÌ|
Avjvn `ywU KviY AvgvìK ^n cwZ`vb wèb| (1) cewi AbymiY bv
Kiv| bM cvkvK ci wQqvg cvjb Ki cewi AbymiY ZvM Kiv nq bv|
K eo jvfevb 141
ev`h, bvP-Mvb I bMQwe `kb Ki, nvivg Dcvq PvL I Ai Gme
DcfvM Ki cewi AbymiY ZvM Kiv nq bv| nvivg Lv` Lq, nvU-evRvi
Avv w`q cewi AbymiY ZvM Kiv nq bv| AkxjZv I wg_vi Avkq wbq -
Kjn Ki cewi AbymiY ZvM Kiv nq bv| Gme AvPiY envj iL wQqvg
cvjb Kij Avjvn ^n cwZ`vb wèb bv| (2) Lv`-cvbxq ZvM Kiv|
wQqvg cvjbKvixi Rb `ywU Avb` iqQ| (K) BdZvii mgq| mZB
BdZvii mgq Lye Avb` jvM hv mKjB eve cixwZ| (L) wQqvg cvjb
RvbvZi mevP bgZ fvM Kivi myhvM ne| Avi Zv nQ Avjvni `kb
jvf| GUvB gvbyli Bev`Zi mePq eo cwZ`vb| GUvB RvbvZi mePq eo
bgZ, mePq eo DcfvM welq| wQqvg cvjbi KviY gyL GK cKvi M
nq, hv Avjvni wbKU Lykey AcvI AwaK myMgq| Xvj hgb hygvV ivi
gvag, wQqvg Zgwb Rvnvbvg nZ ivi gvag| wQqvg Aevq Akxj K_v I
Kg, Ab_K K_v I Kg Povfve wbwl| KD Mvwj w`j, SMov KiZ PvBj,
Zvi cwZDi fvj-g` KvbUvB Ìqv hve bv| Zvi cwZ Di ne Avwg wQqvg
cvjbKvix| GUvB Pov wmv| KviY bex Kixg (Qvt) GB evK ejvi Rb
Av`k KiQb|
2s " 2 ... 7, ! 7(;
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: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
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mg~ni AMZ| Avi ejjb, Avwg mUv _K i Kie, hLvb _K Avjvn
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hvZ wZwb Avjvni Ni `LZ cjb| ZLb wZwb wKejv A_vr Avjvni Nii
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Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! GUv wK Avgvì G eQii RbB, bv wPiKvji Rb? ZLb
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154 K eo jvfevb
Avjvn! Gnivg euvawQ hfve Gnivg euaQb Zvgvi ivm~j| ZLb ivm~j
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Lyj djj Ges gv_v QuvUvj| AZtci hLb (8 whjn) Zviweqvi w`b Avmj,
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nvjvj KiQ| Zvì Dci Zvgvì nK nj, Zviv hb Zvgvì Rbvb gnj
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c_g Zvjweqv ejjb Igivi, AZtci Zvjweqv ejjb, ni| myZivs
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AZtci ni Gnivg euva Ges Kzievbxi c bq| Avi h Kzievbxi c wbZ
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Pvievi ^vfvweK nuvUjb| hLb wZwb evqZzjvni ZIqvd kl Kijb gvKvg
Beivnxgi wbKU `yivKAvZ QvjvZ cojb Ges mvjvg wdivjb| AZtci
iIqvbv njb Ges Qvdv-gviIqvq wMq mvZevi Qvdv-gviIqvi mvC Kijb|
wK Zrci wZwb nvjvj Kijb bv (Gnivgi KviY) hv Zuvi cwZ nvivg nq
wMqwQj, hZY bv ^xq n mgvcb Kijb| A_vr Kzievbxi ZvwiL Kzievbx
Kijb Ges (wgbv nZ) gvq wMq evqZyjvni ZIqvd Kijb| AZtci c~Y
nvjvj nq Mjb Gnivgi KviY hv Zuvi cwZ nvivg nq wMqwQj Zv nZ|
Avi jvKì ga h Kzievbxi c mv_ wbqwQj mI Abyic Kij, hv
ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) KiwQjb (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2442)|
G
% & d( 6( <O& k(5( q( A 6( ` # 5( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . 6( <O& -( Z( (O X( 9 3 c -( ;
6( G
5( ! 9# 9 T 5( 5( p
<& d( K "9 d> 4 ( 5( (S
> dD-( > r p <& x (y > r ! $ 7(, (5
@;# 9 tF
F B M& 9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) g`xbv nZ Iiqvbv nq gvq
cuQjb, AZtci nvRvi AvmIqvì w`K AMmi njb Ges ZvK Pzgv w`jb,
158 K eo jvfevb
Zrci evqZzjvni ZIqvd Kijb| AZtci Qvdvi Dci Pojb, hvZ wZwb
evqZzjvn `LZ cvb| Zrci nvZ DVvjb Ges Avjvni whwKi I `vAv KiZ
_vKjb hv wZwb PvBjb (Avey `vD`, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2460)|
_ 9
: ! ">m( <(
G
% & c5 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O v s ><; ;
@En % ! $ 7(, d(7; # 0 i 9 ! E U "9 W $0 S
<9 "; ! ( q C &
Beby Avevm (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) nvRvi AvmIqv` mK
ejQb, Avjvni Kmg! wKqvgZi w`b Avjvn ZvK DVveb, ZLb Zvi `ywU PvL
ne hviv Zv `Le Ges Zvi GKwU wRnv ne hviv Zv eje Ges h ZvK
Cgvbi mv_ Pz^b KiQ Zvi m^ mv wè (wZiwghx, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2463)|
Z C 9 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z( , . p $ , Z( (O f ^>
# <; ;
@{. >" j (M; "O> qP "
X ` a& c5> qP "
#L c5 "DN ">. } "B& L
Avyjvn Bebym mvqe (ivt) ejb, Avwg ivm~jyjvn (Qvt)-K nvRvi AvmIqv` I
iKb Bqvgvbxi ga RvqMvq Gic `vAv KiZ bwQ, n cfy! Zzwg
AvgvìK `ywbqvZ KjvY I AvwLivZ KjvY `vI Ges AvgvìK Rvnvbvgi
Avb nZ euvPvI (Avey `vD`, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2466)|
T ( "D Y G
? >-( 7(; k(( c * Z C 9 G
% & 6 <*C( 9 $ ; p
9-(. Z( (O q( . u
; ;
@?
7& <>O( 6 <>C( 9 7, ! 7(;
d7e
Z( , . p 9-(. c >- /( ( QL8 D /(
Avem Beby iexAvn ejb, Avwg Igi (ivt)-K nvRvi AvmIqv` Pzgv w`Z
`LwQ Ges G K_v ejZ bwQ, Avwg wbwZic Rvwb h, Zzwg GKUv cv_i hv
Kviv DcKvi KiZ cvi bv, Kviv wZI KiZ cvi bv| hw` Avwg ivm~jyjvn
(Qvt)-K Zvgvq Pzgv w`Z bv `LZvg, Ze Avwg KLbI ZvgvK Pzgv w`Zvg bv
(gyvdvK AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2473)|
_s 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(;

: d7e
Z( , . p (O( 0 ";
: c b . q( i ^; ;
0 c 3 <9 > r # ( ! > q( 5( ; _ 9 . >" =#<; ! 5 6 H [> ;
: E 9L & -( m(B& -(
@t /( ] 3 2 .-( Z C 5( q( A( ^(7$ &
K eo jvfevb 159
Avqkv (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvn ZvAvjv Avivdvi w`b
Abw`bi Pq ekx gvbylK Rvnvbvg _K gyw `b| wZwb mw`b Zvì AwZ
wbKUeZx nb Ges Zvì wbq wdwikZvì mvgb Me Kib Ges ejb Giv wK
Pvq ej? Zviv hv Pvq Avwg ZvB wè (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2594; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/2478)|
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, Avivdvi w`b cPzi gvbylK Rvnvbvg _K gyw `qv
nq| mw`b gvbyl Avjvni KvQ hv PvBe wZwb ZvB `vb Kieb| mw`b Avjvn
gvbylK `qvi Rb Lye wbKUeZx nq hvb|
G
% & Z( [ 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . v s ><; ;
@_ 2 N c " 9(U` ! D2 >
5( <7 =b #L -( 3 q ">G
& 2 , k(&
Beby Avevm (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, nvRvi AvmIqv` hLb Rvnvbvg
_K AeZxY nq ZLb `ya Acv AwaK mv`v wQj| ci Av`g mvbi bvn
ZvK Kvj Ki w`qQ (wZiwghx, nv`xQ Qnxn, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2577; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/2462)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, jvwV, nvZ ev Bkviv Ki h Kvbfve
nvRvi AvmIqv`K Pzgv w`Z cvij bvn gvd nq hve| bvni Lvivc
cwZwqv iqQ| hvi cgvY GB cv_i|
Avjvni ivvq `vbKvix
`vb Ggb GKwU bKxi KvR hv viv Avjvni wekl ingZ cvIqv hvq| Kvb
ew AvjvnK m Kivi Avkvq Mvcb `vb KiZ cvij wKqvgZi w`b hLb
Avjvni Qvqv eZxZ Avi Kvb Qvqv _vKe bv ZLb Avjvn ZvK Zvi wekl Qvqv
Zj ivLeb| gvbylK wec` _K euvPvbvi Rb wKqvgZi w`b `vb ne cgvY
îc|

: 0 7lK 9 qW <, 7, ! 7(;

d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
EY 7 ! <7& O( 6W H . Q
X 2 <; c 5 k(i j QZW 2 ; _ : ! 7l / 6 /( _9 ! 7 c 5
(O> ( D ! 7(; $ H
c5 %D 4 ( H . Q! ( 2 9 d> ! " ` ( Q#H$ & c5
QZs $H f s ' ( XW -( ! ; 2 6W H . Q "; p b (5( =`
F B( ( 6W H . Q! 7(;
E "D ! $ 7( D /( d> 3(` k(5( qs O(# S h #> S D 6W H . Q
Fx `-( c * Z( (C5(
@! "$ 9
160 K eo jvfevb
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, mvZ kYxi jvKK Avjvn Zuvi
Qvqv wèb hw`b Zuvi Qvqv Qvov Avi Kvb Qvqv _vKe bv| (1) bvqcivqb kvmK,
(2) mB hyeK h Avjvni Bev`Z eo nqQ, (3) m ew hvi Ai me`v
gmwRì mv_ m _vK, mLvb _K ei nq Avmvi ci Z_vq wdi bv
hvIqv ch, (4) Ggb `yB ew hviv Avjvni Iqv ciiK fvjevm| Avjvni
Iqv Dfq wgwjZ nq Ges Zuvi RbB c_K nq hvq, (5) Ggb ew h wbRb
AvjvnK iY Ki Avi Zvi `yB Pz Ak wemRb w`Z _vK, (6) Ggb ew
hvK Kvb mv myìx bvix Avnvb Ki Avi m ej Avwg AvjvnK fq Kwi Ges
(7) m ew h Mvcb `vb Ki| GgbwK Zvi evg nvZ RvbZ cvi bv Zvi Wvb
nvZ wK `vb Ki (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/701; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/649)|
G nv`xQ viv cZxqgvb nq h, wKqvgZi w`b hLb Kvb Qvqv _vKe bv ZLb
Avjvn ZvAvjv mvZ kYxi jvKK wekl Qvqv Zj ivLeb| Zvi ga GK
kYxi jvK nQ Avjvni c_ Mvcb `vbKvix| cKk `vb Kiv Rvqh njI
Mvcb `vb Kij hgb bKx nq cKvk `vb Kij Zgb bKx nq bv| AZGe
eo jvfevb nIqvi GK iZc~Y gvag nQ Avjvni c_ `vb Kiv|
qW O(# e
p
S
C( 7, ! 7(;
d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@
: ! 5(. ! 7 #Y -( T b
D [; s & =#<;
: 2 V Zs

Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, `vb gvbyli m`K nvm Ki
bv| Avi Zv ev`vK gv Ki, Zvi gvb-ghv`v ew Ki| h Avjvni Iqv webq
cKvk Ki Avjvn ZvK DbZ Kib (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1889; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1795)|
H V E ( -( 7, ! 7(;
d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. X( 9 3 c -( ;
6 3 -( ( (B $ 5( j Y -( q ">G 7& q ">G
& j -( c ; 2
6 <, c 5 t k(& ts c
( (B 2 0G & j c ; 2 2 0G & 6 3 -( ( (B X (7S> j
c ; 2 X 4 (S >
@ >9> j c ; 2 _ S * 6 3 -( ( (B q O(# S
> j c ; 2 q O(# S
> 6 3 -(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Kvb wRwbmi GK
Rvov Avjvni ivvq `vb Ki ZvK wKqvgZi w`b RvbvZi mKj ìRv nZ
Avnvb Kiv ne, A_P RvbvZi ìRv AbK (AvUwU)| myZivs h ew QvjvZ
K eo jvfevb 161
Av`vqKvix ne ZvK QvjvZi ìRv nZ Avnvb Kiv ne Ges h ew
`vbKvix ne ZvK `vbi ìRv nZ Avnvb Kiv ne (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ
nv/1797)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, `vbKvixì Rb RvbvZ GKwU wbavwiZ
ìRv _vKe Ges m ìRv nZ ZvK WvKv ne|
tF 9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@Xs , 5 ( 0D. G XW . H C %
D ( ' $7 $ &
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) GK`v ejjb, n gymwjg gwnjvMY!
Zvgvì ga Kvb cwZewkbx hb Avcb cwZewkbxK DU ev QvMji GKwU
Lyi `vb KivKI ZzQ vb bv Ki (A_vr mvgvb njI hb `vb Ki) (gyvdvK
AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1798)|
C %
D /( 7, ! 7(;
: d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";

: c b . .n ( c -( ;
@Es 7y( !s H ~ `-( d(C7& D & -( ( P) x
$ &
Avey hvi (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb fvj KvRKB
ZzQ gb Kie bv, hwÌ Zv nq Zvgvi fvBqi mv_ cmb gyL mvvr Kiv
(gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1800)|
s 7
6J B d(7; 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O :Z( (O 1 * F d, c -( ;
T U 9 ( & g5( (O Qh #> S 9 ! & T ( "5( ! 9# 6& $ 7& 5( Z(O # G
9 & g5( (O qW O(# e

(O I
& k& 5( Z( (O Q!7& & 9 & g5( (O Qx 0 7& $ & q H %& ( 5( Z( (O 6& & 9 ( -(
@qW O(# e ! ( ! >g5( * i > ; ? $ 5( Z( (O 6& & 9 & g5(
Avey g~mv AvkAvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, cZK gymjgvbiB
`vb Kiv DwPZ| QvnvevMY wRm Kijb, hw` `vb Kivi wKQz bv cvq? ivm~j
(Qvt) ejjb, ZLb m hb ^xq nvZ KvR Ki, AZtci Zv viv wbRI DcKZ
nq Ges AbKI `vb Ki| Zviv ejjb, hw` m GB gZv bv ivL A_ev GUv
KiZ bv cvi? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, ZLb m DrcxwoZ AfveMi (kvixwiK)
mvnvh Kie| Zviv ejjb, hw` m GicI KiZ bv cvi? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb,
ZLb m hb fvj KvRi Dc`k `q| Zviv ejjb, hw` m GUvI bv Ki?
162 K eo jvfevb
ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, ZLb m hb AZt g` KvR nZ weiZ _vK| GUvB Zvi
c `vb (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1801)|
d4 ( , 6l B 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
d(7; 6( H > 9 qW O(# e
"r& Z # 9 u
$ i
> ! 5 T 7U& D _s 9 6 B qW O(# e
! 7(; v >"
Xs U& ` 6l B qW O(# e q <*U q $ 7A( & qW O(# e ! ; 07(; T 5( 9 -( 07(; 6 $ % 5( ! >2
@qW O(# e E 9 U ; (k(& $ 9 qW O(# e X 4 (S> d( 3 U I 9
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gvbyli cZK Mwi cwieZB
cZK w`b hvZ m~h Dw`Z nq GKwU `vb Kiv DwPZ| `yB ewi ga bvq
wePvi KivI GKwU `vb Ges Kvb ewK Zvi mIqvixZ DVZ mvnvh Kiv,
ZvK Zvi mIqvixZ DwVq Ìqv A_ev Zvi Kvb Avmeve Zvi Dci DwVq
ÌqvI GKwU `vb| KviI mv_ Dg K_v ejvI GKwU `vb| QvjvZi Rb
cZK c`cI GKwU `vb Ges ivv nZ K`vqK wRwbm `~i KivI GKwU
`vb (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1802)|
6l B E 7` ! > Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( O( p (O( 0 ";
: c b . q( i ^; ;

F 6( 73
F # $
F <>B( $ 5( 6s S
& q ^( { 4 ( r( *, d(7; _ 2 N c " s
E 9 y( ; =$K& ; -( qP B( -( v >" E 9 y( ; =G Z( [ ;
F ( ,
F R <>,
c i $ 9 ! >g5( q( ^( {
4 ( m ** ? 7& D 2 # ; s A( " ; d0 -( x s $ -( v
>"
@. >" ; ! &
[ V # O( Ms ) 9
Avqkv (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, cZK Av`g mvbKB wZbkZ
lvUwU (360) Mw mnKvi mw Kiv nqQ| AZGe h H wZbkZ lvU msLv
cwigvY Avjv AvKevi ejj, Avj-nvg`ywjjvn ejj, jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn ejj,
AvvMwdijvn ejj A_ev gvbyli Pjvi c_ nZ GKwU cv_i ev KuvUv ev nvo
mwiq w`j A_ev KvKI Kvb fvj KvRi Dc`k w`j, A_ev Kvb Lvivc KvR
nZ wbla Kij, H 360 msLv cwigvY- mw`b m PjZ _vKj (euP _vKj)
wbRK Rvnvbvg nZ `~i iL (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1803)|
K eo jvfevb 163
qs %
< D 6J A 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . .n ( c -( ;
x $ & s -( qP O(# e
qs 7(70 D 6J B qP O(# e
Xs # $ % D 6J B qP O(# e
Xs <A& D 6J B qP O(# e

# -( c Dk9-(
Z( , . 9 (O QqW O(# e B # -( T 8 c 5 qW O(# e

s A( " ; cs 0 qW O(# e

.Y V 05 ! 7(; ( (B-( _s c 5 0 b ( 9-(. -( Z( (O QY H -( 05 ! ( A 9 ! D 0
@Y H -( ! ( ( (B Z 4(% & c5 0 b ( ? M( A( 5(
Avey hi wMdvix (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, cZK myenvbvjvn ejvB
GKwU Qv`vKv, cZK jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn ejv GKwU Qv`vKv Ges fvj KvRi
Dc`k ÌqvI GKwU Qv`vKv Ges g` KvR nZ wbla KivI GKwU Qv`vKv|
GgbwK ^xq xi mv_ mnevm KivI GKwU Qv`vKv| QvnvexMY wRm Kijb, n
Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgvì KD Zvi Kvg cewK PwiZv_ Kie Avi ZvZI
wK Zvi QIqve ne? ivm~j (Qvt) ejjb, Zvgiv ej `wL! hw` Zvgvì KD
Zv nvivg vcb KiZ, Ze Zvi Rb ZvZ Mvbvn nZ wK-bv? Gic hLb m
ZvK nvjvj vcb Kij, ZvZI Zvi QIqve ne (gymwjg, evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/1804)|
q O(# S
> 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@ ` a D ts g # D qP %
" cL S
> X >i qP %
" cL S
> q % C& 7J
Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~jyjvn (Qvt) ejQb, KZ Dg `vb `yaj DUbx I
`yaj QvMx, hv `ya cvbi Rb KvDK avi Ìqv nq, hv mKvj GK fv `ya
`q I weKvj GK fv (gyvdvK AvjvBn, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1805)|
S
6W H . > 7, ! 7(;
: d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
@q( ">G
& 6( ` 2 k5( 0 9 ] 9 ( $ 7
$ & ; (M3 > %* k(
Z( (C5( Es 9 y( 0 ( d(7; Xs G

Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, GK ew ivvq cwZZ GKwU
MvQi Wvji cvk w`q hvIqvi mgq ejj, AekB Avwg GUv gymjgvbì c_
nZ mwiq dje, hvZ GUv ZvìK K bv `q| AZtci m Zv mwiq
djj| dj jvKwUK RvbvZ cek Kivbv nj (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1905)|
164 K eo jvfevb
E 9 y( ; (k(& Z& [ ; Z( (O ! T -( )P c "$ 7;
c> < 9 p

7& O Z( (O X( V c -( ;
@ $ 7 $ &
Avey evihv Avmjvgx (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avwg ejjvg, n Avjvni bex!
AvgvK Ggb GKwU welq wkv w`b, hv viv Avwg DcKZ nZ cvwi| ivm~jyjvn
(Qvt) ejjb, Zzwg gymjgvbì c_ nZ K`vqK wRwbm `~i Kie (gymwjg,
GZ eySv Mj h, h KvR gvbyl ev cvYxi DcKvi mvab Ki mUvB `vb| ivv
nZ K`vqK wRwbm mivbvI GKwU Qv`vKv| Ggb KvRi cwiYvg RvbvZ| GB
wZbwU nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, niZvj WK ivvNvU e Kiv nvivg|
Xs -( 7, ! 7(;
d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . X( 9 3 c -( ;
! C( r( k(5( Q0 ` p ; [ "5( QU( & ! 7C& 9 2 (B Qw0 7& 9 cn B . v -&. d(7; f s 7& A( ' > qs

6J B c 5 Z( O( = H -( ^0 <& c5 "( 6( O ? M( 0( 5( Qt$& ! ( p
; [ "5( Q3 . $I
@Y H -( qs <y& . #s <B( '
(
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, `vb Kivi
KviY GKwU cwZZv gwnjvK gvd Ki `qv nqQ| GKwU Kzci cvo Dcwe
GKwU KzKzii wbKU w`q AwZg Kivi mgq `Lj KzKziwU nvcvQ Ges
wccvmvq gZzi Dcg nqQ| G `L m wbRi gvhv Lyj gv_vi Iobvq eua
KzKziwUi Rb cvwb DVvj| G KviY ZvK gvd Ki `qv nj| Gmgq ivm~j
(Qvt)-K wRm Kiv nj, (n Avjvni ivm~j!) ci mevqI wK Avgvì Rb
bKx iqQ? wZwb ejjb, cZK cvYxi mevqB bKx iqQ (eyLvix, gymwjg,
wgkKvZ nv/1902, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/1807)| cvYxi mev Kiv Qv`vKv| Avi GB mevi
wewbgq gv| hgb GKRb cwZZv gwnjv cvYxi mev Ki gv cqQ| KzKzi
GKwU wbKZi cvYx| Zvi mevi gvag hw` Kvb cwZZv gwnjv gyw cZ
cvi, Zvnj gvbe mev KZB bv Dg! Avgvì cvk cxwoZ, iM, Amnvq
AbK gvbyl _vK| hvì mevq GwMq Avmv Avgvì hiix KZe|
q( O(# S
> 7, ! 7(;
d7e
Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b . s ; q( <C& ; ;
@! O(# e 6J c 5 q C & _ 9 ] $ & 6l K
9 $> Q. <C & > 073 -( ; U& (
K eo jvfevb 165
IKev Beby Avgi (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, wbqB
`vb Keii kvwK wgwUq `q Ges wKqvgZi w`b gywgb Zvi `vbi QvqvZj
Qvqv MnY Kie (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/1816/3484)|
! 7(;
: d7e
c <"> ; 7, ! 7(;
d7e c <"> j %e -( ( q( - c -( ;
@. >" ! B (A5 ( (B =$7
-P E ; -( s 7

s $9L-( Z( (O 7,
Avey Dgvgv Ges Abvb QvnvexMY bex Kixg (Qvt) _K eYbv Kib, h Kvb
gymjgvb `vmK gy Kie, m Rvnvbvg _K gyw jvf Kie (wmjwmjv Qnxnvn
nv/1828)|
c U& D *
* q O(# e
7, ! 7(;
d7e

Z , . Z( (O Z( (O ! ";
: c b
. us -( ;
@j* > f
8 (
Avbvm Beby gvwjK (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Mvcb
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K eo jvfevb 175
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Avjvni ivvq a~jvevwj Ges Rvnvbvgi avqv GK ev`vi ga GK nZ cvi
bv| A_vr gyRvwn` Rvnvbvg cek Kie bv (wZiwghx)|
bvmvCi Ab GK eYbvq AwZwi AvQ h, Avjvni ivvq a~jvevwj I Rvnvbvgi
auvqv Kvb gymjgvbi bvKi wQì ga KLbv GK ne bv| bvmvCi Ab GK
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KcYZv I Cgvb KLbv Kvb ev`vi Ai ga KLbv GK nZ cvi bv
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Avey Dgvgv (ivt) nZ ewYZ, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Avjvni wbKU `ywU duvUv I
`ywU wPi PvBZ Kvb wRwbm GZ wcqZg bB| `ywU duvUvi GKwU nj Avjvni
Avhvei fq Pz nZ wbMZ Aki duvUv| Avi wZxqwU nj Avjvni c_
cevwnZ ii duvUv| Avi wP `ywUi GKwU nj Avjvni ivvq kixi AvNvZ ev
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jvK ùvwoq ejj, n Avey g~mv! Avcwb wK ivm~j (Qvt)-K G K_v ejZ
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Avjvni ivvq wRnv` Ki| ki mv_ hLb hy wj nq ZLb cvYcY jovB
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knx` Avjvni cixvq cyivcywi DxY nqQ| myZivs Ggb knx` Aviki wbP
Avjvni ZveyZ Aevb Kie| H mg knx`ì Pq bex-ivm~jMYi ghv`v
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K eo jvfevb 179
LvZv gvPbKvix| dj G aibi knx` RvbvZi h Kvb ìRv w`q BQv
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jovB Ki wbRB wbnZ nq| A_vr ki gyKvwejv bv Ki wbRB wbZn nq|
gZzi ci Gic ewi wVKvbv nj Rvnvbvg| Kbbv Zjvqvi bdvKK wgUvq bv
(`vigx, evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3683, mb` Qnxn)|
DjwLZ AvqvZ I nv`xQ viv cZxqgvb nq h, gyRvwn` c~Y Cgvbi mv_

Avjvn`vnxì wei cvYcY jovB Ki knx` nj Zvi Avkqj RvbvZ| Ze
h ew jovB bv Ki ay knx` nIqvi Avkvq wbnZ nq wKsev wbRi exiZ
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wRnv` Kvi mv_ Ges KLb KiZ ne
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(2) weevwnZ ew hbv Kij| (3) Bmjvg ZvM Kij (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/3446)|
(4) GK kYxi gvbyl hviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mybvZ eZxZ gvbyl iwPZ cwZZ
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w`j A_ev ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cwZ Acev` Avivc Kij (Avey`vD`, wgkKvZ nv/3549)|
(6) hv`y wkLj ev hv`y PPv Kij (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/3551)| Aek ZIev Kij
iv cve| AgymwjgìK KLbv nZv Kiv Rvqh bq; eis Zvì mv_
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Avjvn cm` Kib (gygZvnvbv 8)|
180 K eo jvfevb
Ze hw` Zviv AZvPvi Ki Abvqfve Ni _K ei Ki `q, Zvnj Zvì
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mgM gvbeZvi `ykgb| Kbbv Zvi ga h `vl cvIqv hvq, Zv hw` mKj
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K eo jvfevb 181
ew gvbyli Rxeb hvcbi evcvi mvnvh Ki m cKZ
c gvbeZviB ez I
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182 K eo jvfevb
Ave`yjvn Beby Avgi (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Kvb gymjgvbK nZv
Kivi Pq G cw_ex asm nq hvIqv Avjvni wbKU AZxe bMY (bvmvC, wgkKvZ
A nv`xQ viv cZxqgvb nq h, GKRb gymjgvbi i mgM cw_exi Pq

AwaK g~jevb| GKRb gymjgvbK nZv Kiv cw_ex asm Kivi kvwgj| KvRB
Rxev`xì KgKv Bmjvg ea nIqvi we`ygv AeKvk bB|
AvNvwZ nvgjv Bmjvg ea bq
h Kvb Aevq Kvb gvbyl AvnZv Kij Zvi cwiYvg ne Rvnvbvg| agi
bvg AvnZvKvixI Rvnvbvgx| ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi mv_ wRnv` AskMnYKvix
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Avjvn AvnZvK wPiZi wbwl NvlYv KiQb|
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Avgvi ev`v Avgvi wbavwiZ mgqi c~eB wbRi Rxebi evcvi `Z eev
MnY KiQ| Avwg Zvi Rb RvbvZ nvivg Kijvg (eyLvix 1/182 ct)| A nv`xQ
viv cgvwYZ nq h, AvnZvKvixi cwiYvg Rvnvbvg|
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AvnZv Ki Rvnvbvg ZvK jnv viv meY kvw `qv ne (eyLvix 1/182)|
K eo jvfevb 183
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew
kvmi Ki AvZnZv Kie m Rvnvbvg meY kvmi Ki AvZnZv KiZ
_vKe| Avi h ew Ai AvNvZ AvnZv Kie m Rvnvbvg meY Ai
AvNvZ AvZnZv KiZ _vKe (eyLvix 1/182)|
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9 # 9 c 5 ! D# 9 # %
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew cvnvo nZ jvwdq
co AvnZv Kie, m Rvnvbvgi Avb jvwdq co meY AvnZv KiZ
_vKe Ges mUvB ne Zvi wPib evmvb| h ew welcvb Ki AvnZv
Kie, Zvi wel Zvi nvZ _vKe| Rvnvbvg m meY wel cvb Ki AvnZv
KiZ _vKe Ges Rvnvbvg ne Zvi wPivqx evmvb| h ew jnv viv
AvnZv Kie, Zvi nvZ mB jnv _vKe Ges Rvnvbvg meY wbRi
cU mwU XzKvZ _vKe (eyLvix 2/860 ct)|
A nv`xQq viv ic cgvwYZ nq, h ew hv viv AvnZv Kie
Rvnvbvg m e Zvi nvZ _vKe Ges m Z_vq meY Zv viv AvnZv KiZ
_vKe| Ggb ewi Rb Rvnvbvg ne wPivqx evmvb| agi bvgI KD
AvnZv Kij Zvi cwiYwZI ne Abyic| myZivs agi bvg AvNvwZ evgv
nvgjvKvixivI Rvnvbvg GKBfve evgvi gvag AvnZv KiZ _vKe Ges
Zviv mLvb wPiw`b Aevb Kie|
Rvwei (ivt) nZ ewYZ, hLb bex Kixg (Qvt) g`xbvq wnRiZ Kijb, ZLb
ZvdvBj Beby Avgi `vImxI ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU wnRiZ Ki Avmjb| Zvi
mv_ Zvi ^Mvxq AviK ew wnRiZ Ki GmwQj| m GK chvq Amy nq
co| AmyZvi ìb jvKwU Awi nq Qywi viv Zvi nvZi wMiv KU djj|
dj Ggbfve nvZ nZ iiY nj h GZB Zvi gZz nj| ci ZvdvBj
184 K eo jvfevb
Beby Avgi ZvK ^c `Ljb h, Zvi evwnK I kvixwiK Aev Ges ekflv
LyeB myì wK Zvi nvZ `yLvbv Kvco viv XvKv| ZLb ZvdvBj ZvK wRm
Kijb, Zvgvi cwZcvjK Zvgvi mv_ wKic AvPiY KiQb? jvKwU ejj,
Avjvn AvgvK Zuvi bexi wbKU wnRiZ Kivi KviY gv Ki w`qQb|
ZvdvBj Avevi wRm Kijb, wK evcvi Avwg Zvgvi nvZ `yLvbv XvKv `LwQ
Kb? m ejj, Avjvni c nZ AvgvK ejv nqQ, Zzwg ^Qvq hv b KiQ,
Avwg Zv KLbv wVK Kie bv| G ^c `Lvi ci ZvdvBj (ivt) NUbvi c~Y weeiY
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi KvQ ck Kijb| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) Zvi Rb `vAv Kijb,
n Avjvn! Zvi nvZ `yLvbvKI gvd Ki `vI (gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3456; evsjv wgkKvZ
nv/3308)|
G nv`xQ viv GK_v fve cZxqgvb nq h, AvnZv Zv `~ii K_v Kvb

gvbylB Zvi wbRi kixii evwnK I AvwK KvbUvB b KiZ cvi bv| Avi
b Kiv ev AKRv Kiv nvivg| hw` Kvb ew Zvi Kvb A b Ki, Zvnj
Avjvn Zvi m b AK gv Kieb bv| A_vr ciKvj Zv wVK Ki wèb bv|
KvRB AvNvwZ evgvevRiv Kvbw`b gv cve G Avkv Kiv hvq bv| eyLvixi
Aci GK eYbvq AvQ,
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, Avgiv Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi m
GK hy wQjvg| wZwb Bmjvgi `vex`vi GK ewK j Ki ejjb, G ew
Rvnvbvgx| A_P hLb hy i nj, ZLb m jvKwU fxlY exi-weg hy Kij
Ges AvnZ nj| ZLb ejv nj, n Avjvni ivm~j (Qvt)! h jvKwU mK
K eo jvfevb 185
Avcwb ejwQjb m jvKwU Rvnvbvgx, AvR m fxlY hy KiQ Ges gviv
MQ| ivex ejb, G K_vi Dci Kviv Kviv Ai G welq m`n mwi
Dcg nq Ges Zviv G mwKZ K_v-evZvq iqQb| G mgq Lei Gj h
jvKwU gi hvqwb; eis gvivKfve AvnZ nqQ| hLb ivw nj m AvNvZi
K ahaviY KiZ cvij bv Ges AvnZv Kij| ZLb bex (Qvt)-Gi wbKU G
msev` cuQvb nj| wZwb ej DVjb, Avjv AvKevi| Avwg mv w`wQ h,
Avwg AekB Avjvn ZvAvjvi ev`vn Ges Zuvi ivm~j| AZtci bex (Qvt) ejvj
(ivt)-K Av`k Kijb, ZLb wZwb jvKì ga NvlYv w`jb h, gymwjg
eZxZ KD RvbvZ cek Kie bv| Avi Avjvn ZvAvjv GB xbK cvcx-g`
jvKì viv mvnvh Kib (eyLvix 1/430 ct)|
gvbylK fxwZ c`kb KivI nvivg
gvbylK fqfxwZ c`kb KivI Bmjvg Rvqh bq| nZvi gwK c`vb KivI
Bmjvg bnvqZ Abvq| GgbwK GKRb gymjgvb Aci gymjgvbK nvZ I gyL
viv Kvbfve K w`Z cvi bv| G gg nv`xQ GmQ,
T ( 9 (B 0 >-( 7, ! 7(;
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ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv_ mdi KiZb| GK ivZ Zvì GKRb Nywgq cowQj|
Ggb mgq Zvì GK mx GKwU iwki w`K AMmi nj, hv H Nyg jvKwUi
wbKU wQj Ges GB jvK m iwkLvbv nvZ wbq wbj| nVvr Nyg jvKwU Nyg nZ
DV iwkmn H jvKwUK wbRi KvQ `L fxlYfve fq cj| ZLb ivm~j
(Qvt) ejjb, Kvb gymjgvbi Rb GUv Rvqh bq h, m Ab Kvb gymjgvbK
fxwZ c`kb Kie (Avey`vE`, nv`xQ Qnxn, wgkKvn nv/3545)| G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj
h, Bmjvg fxwZ c`kb Kiv nvivg| KvRB wewfb vb evgv gvivi gwK w`q
gvbylK m Kiv Rvqh bq|
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186 K eo jvfevb
Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, Zvgvì KD
hb Zvi fvBqi cwZ Ai viv BwZ bv Ki| Kbbv m Rvb bv nqZv
kqZvb Zvi AwUi viv H ewi cwZ AvNvZ Kwiq w`Z cvi| dj m
Rvnvbvgi MZ wbw ne (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3518; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3363)|
A nv`xQ viv cgvwYZ nq h, Kvb gvbyl Kvb gvbyli cwZ BQvq ev AwbQvq
A viv Bkviv KiZ cvi bv| KviY kqZvb me`v Kvb gymjgvbi viv ANUb
NUvevi myhvM Abymvb KiZ _vK| Avi A viv BkvivKvixi cwiYvg
Rvnvbvg| ZvB gvbyl fxZ-m nq Ggb Kvb KvR Kiv Bmjvgx kixAvZ
nvivg|
d( . - 7, ! 7(;
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Avey ivqivn (ivt) nZ ewYZ wZwb ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Zvi
fvBqi cwZ jvnvi A viv Bkviv Ki H A nvZ _K bv djv ch
wdwikZviv Zvi cwZ jvbZ KiZ _vKb, hwÌ m Zvi mnvì fvBI nq (eyLvix,
wgkKvZ nv/3519)| BQvq nvK wKsev AwbQvq nvK Kvb gvbyl Zvi wbR fvBqi
cwZ A_ev Ab Kvb gvbyli cwZ A viv Bkviv Kivi cwiYvg nj Rvnvbvg|
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wei A aviY Ki, m Avgvi kixAvZi Afy bq (eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/3520;
G nv`xQ viv eySv Mj h, hviv gymjgvb nIqv mI gymjgvbi wei A

aviY Ki wKsev fxwZ c`kb Ki Zviv cKZ gymjgvb bq| Zviv gymjgvbi
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K eo jvfevb 187
mvjgv Beby AvKIqv (ivt) nZ ewYZ, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, h ew Avgvì
wei Zievix Dvjb Kij m Avgvi kixAvZi Afy bq (gymwjg, wgkKvZ
A nv`xQ mg~n viv cZxqgvb nq h, eZgvb hviv agi bvg wewfb vb evgv
gvivi gwK w`q gvbylK AvZwZ KiQ Ges wbwePvi gvbylK evgv gi nZv
KiQ, Zviv gymjgvbì `jfz bq| ZvìK Bmjvgx `ji Afy gb Ki
Zvì Kvb mnhvwMZv Kiv hve bv| ZvìK Kvb cKvi AvkqI `qv hve
bv| eis Zvì wei Aevb wbZ ne|
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Ave`yjvn Beby gvmE` (ivt) ejb, ivm~j (Qvt) ejQb, gymjgvbK Mvwj `qv
dvmKx Ges ZvK nZv Kiv Kzdix (eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/4814)| G nv`xQ viv
eySv Mj h, h ew Kvb gymjgvbK nZv Ki m Kvwdi|
gymwjg KLb nZvhvM
GKRb gymjgvb wewfb KviY nZvhvM nZ cvi| G H gymjgvbi
wei AvbxZ AwfhvM h_vh_ cgvwYZ nZ ne| Kvb ew xb ZvM Kij,
m gyiZv` ne| Avi gyiZv` cgvwYZ nj, ZvK nZv KiZ ne GUvB Bmjvgx
weavb| gyiZv` cgvYi cwZ mK Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb, $ A
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dvqQvjv Ki bv, Zviv Kvdi (gvq`v 44)| Avjvn ZvAvjv cii AvqvZ ejb,
@( $ K 3 ? )( k5(
: Z( [ -( $ A % 9 hviv Avjvni bvwhjKZ AvBb
Abyhvqx dvqQvjv Ki bv, Zviv hvwjg (gvq`v 45)| Gi cieZx AvqvZ Avjvn
ejb, @( C , (& 3 ? )( k5(
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AvBb Abyhvqx wePvi-dvqQvjv Ki bv Zviv dvwmK (gvq`v 47)|
A AvqvZ Avjvn ZvAvjv GK Acivai KviY wZbwU wmv ck KiQb|
GZ eySv hvq h, Acivaxi Aciva Z` Kivi ci Pov wmv MnY
KiZ ne| KD hw` KziAvbi KzgK fzj Ges AKjvYKi gb Ki KziAvbx
188 K eo jvfevb
weavbK Dcv Ki wePvi Ki Zvnj m Kvwdi ev nZvhvM ne| Avi h
ew Avjvni weavbK wbfyj I mwVK gb Ki Ges KjvYKi ej wekvm Ki
A_P KvhZ Zvi wecixZ dvqQvjv Ki m Kvwdi bq; eis dvwmK| Avi h ew
ev`x-weev`xi Aciva eySvi ci Abvqfve wePvi Ki, m hvwjg ev
AZvPvix| AvqvZ mg~n viv cgvwYZ nq h, Aciva Ges Acivax mK h_vh_
Z` Kivi ci Pov wmv MnY KiZ ne|
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& 9 /( Q?( & # >O( $9 Z( (O 7, ! 7(;
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c* <"> ; X( 9 3 c -( ;
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nVvr nZv Kiv nZ weiZ ivL| myZivs Kvb gywgb hb Kvb jvKK nVvr nZv
bv Ki (Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/3548; evsjv wgkKvZ nv/3329)|
evLv : Kvb gvbylK h_vh_ hvPvB bv Ki nVvr nZv Kiv Rvqh bq| h ew
c~e cwiwPZ bq, ZvK wRm Ki wbwZ nZ ne h, mB KvwLZ ew wK
bv? GKRb gvbylK nZv Kivi wbv welqwj AekB jYxq| (1)
nZvi c~e wbwZ nZ ne h, Acivax KZ Aciva nZvhvM Aciva wnmve
Rvb wK bv| (2) nZvi c~e Acivaxi mggvbi jvKK A_ev Zvi Pq Kvb
hvM jvKK wMq ejZ ne Avcbvi G Acivai KviY Avcwb nZvi hvM|
(3) AcivaxK nZv Kivi c~e ZvK Zvi Aciva AeMZ KivZ ne wZb _K
mvZ w`b ch| Gmgqi ga m AcivaK ^xKvi Ki ZIev Kij ZvK nZv
Kiv hve bv| (4) G mgq AcivaxK Pov wmv MnY KiZ ne m ZIev
Kie, bv wbnZ nIqvi c_ Aej^b Kie? (5) nZvi ivq c`vbKvixK cKvk
I cwZwZ bZv nZ ne| (6) nZvi Av`k `qvi gZ kviC I mvgvwRK
gZv _vKZ ne| Gme welq wbwZ bv nq Kvb gymjgvbK gyiZv` ej nZv
Kiv hve bv|
Agymwjgì mv_ KLb hy ea
h Kvb AgymwjgK h Kvb mgq nZv Kiv nvivg; eis Zvì mv_ KjvYKi
I mywePvic~Y AvPiY Kiv AvekK| Avjvn ZvAvjv ejb,
3 L <D & -( B . 92 B H I
9 ( 9#* c5 B 7D(C9 ( 9M ;
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K eo jvfevb 189
hviv xbi evcvi Zvgvì mv_ hy Ki bv Ges ZvgvìK Zvgvì Ni-
evox nZ ei Ki `q bv| Ggb Agymwjg jvKì mv_ KjvYKi I
mywePvic~Y eenvi KiZ Avjvn ZvgvìK wbla Kib bv| mywePviKvixìK
Avjvn cm` Kib (gygZvnvbv 8)|
ivm~j (Qvt) Agymwjgì DcXKb MnY KiZb| Avqjv bvgK GK `ki
Agymwjg ev`kv ivm~j (Qvt)-K GKwU LPi DcXKb w`qwQjb (eyLvix 1/356
ct)| Igi (ivt) GK Agymwjg ewK GKwU Kvco DcXKb w`qwQjb (eyLvix
1/357 ct)| AZGe Kvb gymwjg ewK AvZfve nZv KivZv e `~ii K_v
Kvb AgymwjgKI vZ-AvZ Kvb Aevq nZv Kivi Kvb AeKvk Bmjvgx
kixAvZ bB| Ze wbv cwZZ Zvì mv_ hy Kivi AbygwZ iqQ|
Kvb Agymwjg `j gymjgvbì wei nvgjv Kivi cwiKbv Kij gymjgvbiv
Zvì gvKvwej Kivi cwZ MnY Kie| gvKwejvi cwZ nQ-
myjvBgvb Beby eyivq`v (ivt) Zvi wcZv nZ eYbv Kib, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbqg
wQj wZwb hLb Kvb QvU wKsev eo mbv`ji Dci KvDK Avgxi wbhy
KiZb, ZLb ZvK GKvfve AvjvnK fq Ki Pjvi Ges mxì mv_ fvj
AvPiY Kivi Dc`k w`Zb| AZtci ejZb, Avjvni bvg wbq A_vr wemwgjvn
ej Avjvni ivvq wRnv` ei nq hvI| Avi hviv Avjvni mv_ Kzdix Ki
A_vr Kvdiì mv_ hy Ki| mveavb wRnv` hvI, wK MYxgZi gvj
wLqvbZ Ki bv, Pzw f Ki bv| kìK weKjv Ki bv A_vr Zvì nvZ,
cv, bvK, Kvb KZb Ki bv Ges Kvb wkK nZv Ki bv| hLb Zzwg Zvgvi
cwZc gykwiK Kvwdi ki gvKvwejvq AeZxY ne, ZLb Zzwg ZvìK wZbwU
cv e wè| wZbwU cv ei Kvb GKwU gb wbj Zzwg Zv MnY Kie Ges
Zvì cwZ AvgY Kiv nZ weiZ _vKe| c_gZt hyi gq`vb ZvìK
Bmjvgi `vIqvZ wè| hw` Zviv Bmjvg Keyj Ki, ZvìK gymwjg ej gb
wbe Ges Zvì mv_ hy Kiv nZ weiZ _vKe| ZvìK Kvdiì `k
nZ gymjgvbì `k wnRiZ Ki Pj Avmvi Avnvb Rvbve| ZvìK GUvI
AeMZ Kie h, Zviv hw` wnRiZ Ki Ze ZvivI m mg AwaKvi I myhvM
jvf Kie hv gynvwRiMY jvf KiQb| Avi m mg `vwqZI Zvì Dci AwcZ
ne hv gynvwRixbì Dci AwcZ nqQ| wK hw` Zviv wbR `k ZvM KiZ
ivhx bv nq, ZLb ZvìK AewnZ Kie h, Zvì mv_ mic AvPiYB Kiv
ne hic AvPiY Mvg gymjgvbì mv_ Kiv nq| A_vr Zviv QvjvZ Av`vq
Kie, hvKvZ c`vb Kie, wKQvQ I `xqZ BZvw` gb Pje Ges hyj gvj I
190 K eo jvfevb
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