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GRUPO: GR3
SEMESTRE
2016-B
1.- Sean = ( ; ) y = ( ; ) dos vectores definidos en demostrar que
(u.v) = +
(u.u) = 41 2 + 71 2
Si 1 = 2 y 1 = 2
(u.u) = 41 1 + 71 1
(u.v) = 41 2 + 71 2
(v.u) = 42 1 + 72 1
Es decir
41 2 + 71 2 = 42 1 + 72 1 ii) cumple
1) [(u + v).w] = 4 (1 + 2 )3 + 7 (1 + 2 ) 3 = (1 ; 1 )
(u.w) = 41 3 + 7 1 3 = (2 ; 2 )
(v.w) = 42 3 + 7 2 3 (u + v)= (1 + 2 ; 1 + 2 )
(u.w) + (v.w) = 41 3 + 7 1 3 + 42 3 + 7 2 3
2) (u.w) + (v.w) = 43 (1 + 2 ) 73 (1 + 2 )
(u) = ( 1 ; 1 )
1.- [(u).v] = 4 1 2 + 7 1 2
(u.v) =4 1 2 + 7 1 2
(u.v) = + es un p.i en 2
2.- Sean u= a1 b1 x y v= a2 b2 x dos vectores definidos en los demostrar que
(u.u) = 21 2 + 3 1 2 1 2 2 1
Si 1 = 2 y 1 = 2
(u.u) = 21 1 + 3 1 1 1 1 1 1
(u.v) = 21 2 + 3 1 2 1 2 2 1
(v.u) = 22 1 + 3 2 1 2 1 1 2
Es decir
21 2 + 3 1 2 1 2 2 1= 22 1 + 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 ii) cumple
(u.w) =21 3 + 3 1 3 1 3 2 3 = 2 + 2 x
(u.w) + (v.w) = 21 3 + 3 1 3 1 3 2 3 + 22 3 + 3 2 3 2 3 1 3
2) (u.w) + (v.w) = 23 (1 + 2 ) + 33 ( 1 + 2 ) 3 (1 + 2 ) 3 (1 + 2 )
(u) = 1 + 1 x
1.- [(u).v] = 2 1 2 + 3 1 2 1 2 2 1
(u.v) =2 1 2 + 3 1 2 1 2 2 1
(u.u) = tr (. )
2 3 0 2 4 5 13 11 13
(u.u) = tr[(4 1 2) (3 1 1)]= tr[(11 21 21)] = 13+21+26 = 60
5 1 0 0 2 0 13 21 26
= (. ) = 60 = 7.7459 .
u = (3+2x+4 2 ) y v = (8 + 4x + 2 )
(. ) = (. ) = 36 = 6
4.- Mediante el siguiente sistema de ecuaciones hallar los valores de a y encontrar la matriz
u=( ) para cada valor y hallar el ngulo entre los vectores con el vector
v=( )
( + ) + =
{
+ ( ) =
Primero hallar los valores de a mediante el sistema de ecuaciones
+4 5 0 +4 5
( ) ||=| |=(a+4) (1-9a)-(6) (5) =a+4-92 -36a-30
6 (1 9) 0 6 1 9
-92 35 26 /a=-1 y a=-26/9
Si a =-1 si a= -26/9
4 4 53/9 4
1 = ( ) 2 = ( ) son las matrices pedidas
1 5 1 79/9
Sea
4 4 5 4
1 = ( ) y v=( )
1 5 1 2
(1 . 1 ) = tr (1 . 1 )
4 4 4 1 32 24
(1 . 1 ) = tr[( )( )] = tr[( )]=32+26=58
1 5 4 5 24 26
= (1 . 1 ) = 58 = 7.6157 .
5 4 5 1 41 13
( . )= tr[( )( )]= tr[( )]=41+5 = 46
1 2 4 2 13 5
= ( . ) = 46 = 6.7823 .
4 4 5 1 4 4
(1 .v)= tr[( )( )]= tr[( )]=-4+9=5
1 5 4 2 15 9
( .) 5
=
= =84.44.
(58)(46)
Sea
53/9 4 5 4
2 = ( ) y v=( )
1 79/9 1 2
(2 . 2 ) = tr (2 . 2 )
53/9 4 53/9 1 4105/81 41
(2 . 2 ) = tr[( )( )] = tr[( )]=10427/81
1 79/9 4 79/9 41 6322/81
= (2 . 2 ) = 10427/81 = 11.3458
( .) 30
=
= =112.94
(10427/81)(46)
5.-Para el siguiente s.e.v S = {( ) / + + = ; + + = }
calcular una base ortonormal
1 0 1 1 0) ~ (1 0 1 1 0)
(
2 1 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0
++ = 0
{
2 = 0
a= -c-d; b=2c
S = {( ) 22 / a = c d ; b = 2c}
Base simple
2
S = {( ) 22 /c; d R }
2 0
S = {( )+( ) 22 /c; d R }
0 0
1 2 1 0
S = { ( )+( ) 22 /c; d R }
1 0 0 1
1 2 1 0
S = < {( );( )} >
1 0 0 1
1 2 1 0 0 0
( )+( )=( )
1 0 0 1 0 0
1 1 0
2 0 0
(1 ) LOS VECTORES SON L.I por lo tanto
0 0
0 1 0
1 2 1 0
B= {( );( )} B ES BASE SIMPLE DE S
1 0 0 1
B3 ={1; 2}
1 2 6 6
1 ( ) 6 3
1 0
W1=1 = = ( )
6 6
6
0
13/18 1/9
TR[( )] = 11/6
1/9 10/9
6 6 566 66
6 3
66 33
B3 ={( );( )}
6 66 66
6
0 66 11
B3 ES LA BASE ORTONORMAL DE S
6.- Con los siguientes vectores demostrar si se cumple la desigualdad de Cauchy-Schwarz
(. )2 2 2
16 (14)(14)
16 196
b.- = + y v = + +
(. )2 2 2
49 (38) (26)
49 988
Determinar:
i.- S = { + + 2 2 / a = b}
S = { + + 2 2 / b, c R}
S = {(1 + ) + ( 2 ) 2 / b, c R}
2.- = { + + / ( . ); ( . ) = }
= { + + / + = ; = }
= { + + 0 2 2 / }
= {(1 + ) 2 / }
= < {(1 + )} >
BASE ORTOGONAL
B2={1}
V1 = U1 = (1 + )
B2={(1 + )}
B3={1}
1 1+ 2 2
W1=1 = = 2
+ 2
()
2
B3={
+ ()} es una base ortonormal de
8.- UTILIZAR EL PROCESO DE GRAM SCHMITT PARA TRANSFORMAR LA BASE
Base ortogonal
B= (1 ; 2 ; 3 )
= = + +
< 2 . 1 >
2 = 2
< 1 . 1 > 1
< 2 . 1 >= (2) (0)+ (3) (1)+ (4) (4)+ (0) (1)=19
< 1 . 1 >= (0) (0)+ (1) (1)+ (4) (4)+ (1) (1)=18
19
2 = 2 + 3 + 4 2 ( + 4 2 + 3 )
18
= + () ( ) ( )
17
3 35 2 19
3 = 2 + ( + 4 + ) 6 (2 + () ( 2 ) ( 3 ))
3 2 3
18 161 18 9 18
18
= + () ( )+ ( )
B2= [ + + ; + () ( ) ( ) ; + () ( )+ ( )]
B2 ES LA BASE ORTOGONAL
B3= [W1; W2; W3]
1 + 4 2 + 3 4 2 3
1 = = = + +
1 18 18 18 18
35 2 19
2 2 + () ( 2 ) ( 3 ) 2 35() 2( 2 ) 19( 3 )
2 = = 18 9 18 = +
2
161 161 18 (161) 9 (161) 18 (161)
18 18 18 18 18
102 28 96 2 188 3
3 + () ( ) + ( ) 102 28() 96( 2 ) 188( 3 )
3 = = 161 23 161 161 = +
3
580 161
580
23 (
580
) 161 (
580
) 161 (
580
)
161 161 161 161 161
ES LA BASE ORTONORMAL
9.- COMPLETAR LA SIGUIENTE BASE DE DE Y OBTENER LA BASE ORTONORMAL DE LA
MISMA
SE PROPONE UN VECTOR QUE TIENE QUE SER L.I CON LOS DOS VECTORES ANTERIORES
u3= (1, 0,0) SE DEBE CUMPLIR LA C.L = (1, 0,2) + (2, 3,4) + (1, 0,0)
1 2 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 0
(0 3 0 0) ~ (0 3 0 0 ) ~ (0 1 0 0) ~ (0 1 0 0)
2 4 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
B ES BASE SIMPLE DE
BASE ORTOGONAL
BASE ORTONORMAL
5
S = {(2; ) 2 / b R} S = {( ; ) 2 / b R}
7
5
S = {(2; 1) 2 / b R} S = {(7 ; 1) 2 / b R}
= < {(; )} > = < {( ; )} >
(1 . 1 ) = (2)(2) + (1)(1) = 5
5 5 74
(2 . 2 ) = (7) (7) + (1)(1) = 49
3
( . ) 7 6 3
= = ( ) = (2; 1) = ( ; )
( . ) 5 35 35
3
( . ) 7 5 15 21
= = ( ) = ( ; 1) = ( ; )
( . ) 74 7 74 74
49
Donde
11.- DADOS LOS SIGUIENTES VECTORES CALCULAR LA PROYECCIN DEL VECTOR V SOBRE EL
VECTOR U Y VICEVERSA
1.- u=( ) y v=( )
(. ) = [(3 4) (3 0
)] = (
25 4
) = 25 + 1 = 26
0 1 4 1 4 1
(. ) = [(3 1 3
)(
1
)] = (
10 7
) = 10 + 17 = 27
1 4 1 4 7 17
51 34
(. ) 17 3 4
= = () = ( ) = (26 13)
(. ) 26 0 1 17
0
26
17 17
(. ) 17 3 1
= = () = ( )=(9 27)
(. ) 27 1 4 17 68
27 27
0 7 2 4 1 0 2 8 0 8
( ) = ( )+( )+( )+( )
8 1 1 0 1 0 3 4 1 6
2 1 2 0 0 1 1/ 2 1 0 0 1 1/ 2 1 0 0
4 0 8 8 7 0 2 4 8 7 0 1 2 4 7 / 2
1
1 3 1 8 0 1/ 2 2 1 8 0 0 1 1 13 / 4
0 1 0 1
0 4 6 0 0 4 6 1 0 4 6
1 1/ 2 1 0 0 1 1/ 2 0 0 37 / 4 1 0 0 0 19 / 4
0 1 2 4 7 / 2 0 1 0 0 9 0 1 0 0 9
0 0 1 0 37 / 4 0 0 1 0 37 / 4 0 0 1 0 37 / 4
0 0 0 0 6 0 0 6
0 1 6 0 1 0 1
/
[] = ( ) Son las coordenadas pedidas
/
2 1 4 1 1/ 2 2 1 1/ 2 2 1 0 5 / 3
3 0 5 0 3 / 2 1 0 1 2 / 3 0 1 2 / 3
/
[] = ( ) Son las coordenadas pedidas
/
13.-Calcular el valor de a para que los siguientes vectores sean ortogonales
1.-u=( + + + ) y v= (2x+4 + ( ) )
(u.v)=0
-3a + 44 =0
a=44/3
a debe tomar este valor para que los vectores u y v sean ortogonales
(u.v)=0
3+241 3241
a= =3.1310. Y a= = -4.6310..
4 4
Son los valores de a para que u y v sean Ortogonales.
14.-Sea = { + + + / (()) = ; + = } y
= { + + + / + + = } s.e.v
Resolver la condicin de W
1
+ + 2 + 3
0
1
()2 ()3 ()4
[() + + + ]
2 3 4 0
+ + + =0
2 3 4
= { + + 2 + 3 / + + + = 0; + = 0}
2 3 4
1={ + + 2 + 3 / + 2 + 3 + 4 = 0; + = 0; 2 + + 3 = 0}
1 1/ 2 1/ 3 1/ 4 0 1 1/ 2 1/ 3 1/ 4 0 1 1/ 2 1/ 3 1/ 4 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 1/ 2 2 / 3 1/ 4 0 0 1 4 / 3 1/ 2 0
2 1
0 3 0 0 0 2 / 3 5 / 2 0 0 0 1 15 / 4 0
1 1/ 2 0 3 / 2 0 1 0 0 15 / 4 0
0 1 0 9 / 2 0 0 1 0 9 / 2 0
0 0 1 15 / 2 0 0 0 1 15 / 4 0
15 9 15
1 = { + + 2 + 3 / = 4
; = 2 ; = 4
}
15 9 15
1 = { 4
+ 2 + 4
2 + 3 / }
15 9 15 2
1 = {( 4
+ 2 + 4
+ 3 )}
15 9 15 2
B= 1 =< {( 4
+ 2 + 4
+ 3 )} >
B ES BASE 1
( 1) = { + + 2 + 3 / ( . 1)}
15 9 15
( . 1) = ( ) () + ( ) () + ( ) () +
4 2 4
15 9 15
( 1) = { + + 2 + 3 3 / + + + = 0}
4 2 4
15 9 15
( 1) = { + + 2 + 3 3 / = }
4 2 4
15 9 15
( 1) = { + + 2 + ( ) 3 3 / }
4 2 4
15 3 9 15
( 1) = { (1 + ) + ( 3 ) + ( 2 3 ) 3 / }
4 2 4
15 3 9 15
( 1) = {(1 + ) ; ( 3 ) ; ( 2 3 )}
4 2 4
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
0 Son L.I B es base de los 3
0 1 0
15 / 4 9 / 2 15 / 4 0
15 9 15
=< {(1 + 3 ) ; ( 3 ) ; (2 3 )} > Base simple
4 2 4
Base ortogonal
2 = {1 ; 2 ; 3 }
15
1 = 1 = (1 + 3 )
4
< 2 . 1 >
2 = 2
< 1 . 1 > 1
9 15 135
< 2 . 1 > = (0)(1) + (1)(0) + (0)(0) + ( ) ( ) =
2 4 8
15 15 241
< 1 . 1 (1)(1) + ( ) ( ) =
4 4 16
135
9 3 15
2 = ( ) + 8 (1 + 3 )
2 241 4
16
270 72 3
2 = +
241 241
Base ortonormal
3 = {1 ; 2 ; 3 }
15
1 (1+ 4 3 ) 16 1516 3
1 =1 = 241
=
241
+
4241
16
270 72 3
2 + 270241 241 72241
2 =2 = 241 241
= + 3
565 241565 565 241565
241
45 54 12
3 + 2 3 45113 54113 113 2 12113
3 =3 = 113 113 113
= + 3
158 113158 113158 158 113158
113