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Specification:
Circuit Details:
Components Details:
SCR - TYN612
Pulse - TCA785
Laod - Incandescent Lamp (100W)
Controlled rectifiers are line commutated ac to dc power converters which are used to
convert a fixed voltage, fixed frequency ac power supply into variable dc output voltage.
The input supply fed to a controlled rectifier is ac supply at a fixed rms voltage and at a
fixed frequency. We can obtain variable dc output voltage by using controlled rectifiers. By
employing phase controlled thyristors in the controlled rectifier circuits we can obtain variable
dc output voltage and variable average dc output current by varying the trigger angle at which
the thyristors are triggered. We can obtain a uni-directional and pulsating load current
waveform, which has a specific average value.
The thyristors are forward biased during the positive half cycle of input supply and can
be turned ON by applying suitable gate trigger pulses at the thyristor gate leads. The thyristor
current and the load current begin to flow once the thyristors are triggered at t=. The load
current flows when the thyristors conduct from t= to . The output voltage across the load
follows the input supply voltage through the onducting thyristor. At t= , when the load
current falls to zero, the thyristors turn off due to AC line commutation.
The thyristor remains reverse baised during the negative half cycle of input supply. The
type of commutation used in controlled rectifier circuit is referred to AC line commutation or
natural commutation AC commutation.
When the input ac supply voltage reverses and becomes negative during the negative
half cycle, the thyristor becomes reverse baised and hence turns off.
1. DC motor control in steel mills, paper and textile mills employing dc motor drives.
2. AC fed traction system using dc traction motor.
3. Electro chemical and electro-metallurgical processes.
4. Magnet power supplies.
5. Reactor controls
6. Portable hand tool drives.
7. Variable speed industrial drives.
8. Battery charges
9. High voltage dc transmission.
10. Uninterruptible power supply system (UPS)
SINGLE-PHASE SEMI CONVERTER
AIM:
To obtain DC voltage from AC input using single phase semi converter with R load and to plot
the variation of output voltage with respect to different values of .
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
Sl.No. Item Specification Quantity
1 SCR TYN612 2
2 Power diode IN 4001 2
3 CRO - 1
4 Bread board - 1
5 Triggering Kit - 1
THEORY:
Figure 1 shows the circuit diagram of single phase semi converter supplying a R load. The output
voltages vo across load terminals is controlled by varying the firing angles of SCRs T1 and T2.
The diodes D1 and D2 provide merely a return path for the current to the most negative line
terminal. Figure 2 shows voltage and current waveforms for a 1-phase semiconverter for
different firing angles At any instant thyristor connected to most positive line terminal and diode
connected to most negative line terminal conducts. During positive cycle thyristor T1 and diode
D2 conducts. During negative cycle thyristor T2 and diode D1 conducts. As the triggering angle
increases, the output voltage decreases.
PROCEDURE:
Initial Settings
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
WAVEFORM:
Figure 2: Input Voltage and output voltage waveform for a 1-phase semiconverter for a particular
firing angle .
RESULT:
Connections were made as given in the diagram and the wave forms were observed in the CRO.