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Project ID Project Title

G202 Issues, challenges, and possible solutions in handling the


menace of mule dung in Vaishno Devi Yatra area

Objective:

The main aim of the study are as follows:

a) To examine the practices followed by Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board (SMVDSB) in Mule
dung disposal
b) To explore the management of on-track mule dung, which cannot be treated in biogas plant
c) To study and analyse the problem of Mule dung in the region from health, horse owners, cleaning
staff, yatries and board perspective; and come with suggestions along with feasibility analysis

To design a campaign/approach which would educate stakeholders about handling the threat of mule
dung in the region, along with financial analysis

Task list:

This is the proposed methodology to be followed to accomplish the goals of the project. The steps might
be changed according to the feedback from the mentor.

I. To conduct a yatri perception survey on:


a. Mule dung management
b. Environmental awareness
II. To study the quantity of mule dung generated in the region, microorganisms present in it and
their effect on human body
III. Identify the challenges faced in the existing method of disposal, literature review on horse-dung
and mule dung management
IV. List the various disposal mechanism, examine the challenges in existing methods and study the
implementation/suitability/feasibility analysis of solutions present in other areas of the world
V. Getting an insight into various techniques and services offered by waste management agencies
and institutions. To study the proposal submitted by M/s Siddhi Industries (on Neon Zero), IIIM,
and bio wash
VI. To formulate a strategy by studying the biotechnology laboratory report on mule dung and
suggesting the possible mixture which can increase the fertility of mule manure
VII. To examine the challenges faced by Biogas plant on operations & maintenance, and
Vermicomposting at Nursery
VIII. Field visit to observe the implementation of waste collection methods at Banganaga, Ardhkuwari,
Sanjichat and Bhawan
IX. To conduct a survey, taking responses from Mule owners and Yatries on the disposal management
and their expectations
X. Suggest solutions to mule dung problem

Copyright 2017 Rakshak Foundation. All Rights Reserved.


Project Description:

A pilgrimage is the earliest form of tourism, after independence, the modernization of infrastructure at
these pilgrimages led to an increase in the number of attendees. Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board
(SMVDSB) has witnessed the same, where the number of yatries visiting the shrine has increased. This
growth has sparked the need for an agreement which would ensure the provision of clean air, water &
land and positive effect on the three pillars of sustainability i.e. environment, socio-culture &
economics. SMVDSB has taken many initiatives for waste management, but the primary challenge is the
geographical factor. We have different establishments, and according to the data available with the
Shrine Board, the waste generated can be categorised into three categories, which clearly shows the
mule dung generated is more than 55% of total waste produced in the region.

Types of waste Average Peak days


Solid Waste 8 Tonnes per day 16 Tonnes per day
Mule Dung 15 Tonnes per day 30 Tonnes per day
Sewage 3.5 Million litres per day 5 Million litres per day
*Source: SMVDSB

The shrine board has evolved an integrated approach to manage the waste generated within its
jurisdiction, and the shrine board is continuously involved in making the waste management more
efficient. The purpose of this project would be analysing existing mule dung disposal practices in the
region including biogas plant and nursery and identify the challenges faced by them, these two existing
methods give a scope to study and suggest the disposal methods which would be able to handle the
current capacity of mule dung and to study the proposal submitted by M/s Siddhi industries and IIIM on
composting. The board is also open to new (an alternative of mules) technologies which could be
deployed in the region.

The purpose of this project is to examine the issues, challenges, and possible solution to dealing with the
menace of mule dung in Vaishno Devi Yatra area including waste generated in mule sheds. The study will
also analyse the problem from a health perspective and will also cover the cost analysis of alternative
options, other technologies available. The way ahead is to determine the problems due to mule dung at
different levels & regions (collection points), quantify the amount generated and to study its
composition & impact on human body. And to come up with a feasible solution. I recollected a story on
the Great horse-dung manure crisis of 1894 when the streets of London and New York were termed as
roads to death, the total population of horses in New York was 100,000 producing of 2.5 million pounds
of manure a day. It was published in times newspaper that every street of London and New York will be
buried under nine feet of manure in 50 years. But the situation was changed in 1912 by Henry Ford by
replacing Horse-Power with Horsepower. This story gave me the motivation required to work on the
project.

Copyright 2017 Rakshak Foundation. All Rights Reserved.

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