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Fatigue
CIE5126, General information
2016/2017 Q3 (update 2017-02-14)
M. Veljkovi, Section: Structural and Building Engineering
Group: Steel, Timber and Composite Structures
Ilustrative image 2
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TIME SCHEDULE CIE 5126 (Gebouw 26 Zall 2)
2017 Date: Lecture
Week 7 Tue. 14/02 Basic introduction to fatigue (MV)
Thu. 16/02 Effects of workmanship on fatigue strength (MV)
Week 8 Tue. 21/02 Improvement techniques for welded joints (MV)
Thu. 23/02 No lectures
Week 9 Tue. 28/02 Cyclic counting, Bolted connections (MV)
Thu. 02/03 Numerical examples - bolted connections (MP)
Week 10 Tue. 07/03 Hollow section joints hot spot stress (MV)
Thu. 09/03 Numerical examples - hollow section joints (MP/WW)
Week 11 Tue. 14/03 Orthotropic plates, numerical examples (MV/WW)
Thu. 16/03 Fracture mechanics (RP)
Week 12 Tue. 21/03 Fracture mechanics, examples (RP)
Thu. 23/03 No lectures
Week 13 Tue. 28/03 Concrete (YG)
Thu. 30/03 Concrete structures (YG)
(update 2017-02-14) 2
LECTURERS
TU Delft - CITG:
Prof. dr. M. Veljkovic (Milan)
m.veljkovic@tudelft.nl (room 2.52 Stevin II)
Dr. M. Pavlovic (Marko)
m.pavlovic@tudelft.nl (room 2.58 Stevin II)
Dr. ir. Y. Yang (Yuguang)
yuguang.yang@tudelft.nl (room 1.03 Stevin II)
W. Wu (Weijian)
w.wu-1@tudelft.nl (room 2.60 Stevin II)
Guest lecturers:
TNO: Dr. ir. R.J.M. Pijpers (Richard)
richard.pijpers@tno.nl
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GENERAL REFERENCES
Codes:
EN 1993-1-9
NEN 2063
Arc welding - Fatigue loaded structures - Calculation of welded joints in unalloyed and low-alloy steel
up to and including Fe 510
Blackboard:
ESDEP lectures: 12-1, 12-2, 12-3, 12-4.1, 12-4.2, 12-5, 12-6
IIW: Improvement techniques
Solved examples
FAQ
Course book:
ECCS Eurocode Design Manuals, 2011
Fatigue design of Steel and Composite structures
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2017: Part 1, Lecture 1
Basic Introduction to Fatigue of Steel
Strucutres
- Literature, Eurocode for fatigue resistance
Content:
Introduction (Eurocodes,type of structures and loadings)
Fatigue strength
Classification of details
Types of cyclic loading
Calculation of damage
Concluding summary
Home assignment 1
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EUROCODE
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INTRODUCTION
Traffic Waves
Variable water
Lifting
weight
Wind
vehicles
gust
vehicles
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INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION - LOADING TYPES
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INTRODUCTION CRACK DEVELOPMENT
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INTRODUCTION PLAIN MATERIAL
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INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION NOTCHED MATERIAL
a/ Notched specimen
Ni 10% Nf
Np 90% Nf
b/ plain machined specimen
Ni 90% Nf
Np 10% Nt
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INTRODUCTION - WELDED DETAIL
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INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION - BRITTLE VS. DUCTILE FRACTURE
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INTRODUCTION - BRITTLE VS. DUCTILE
FRACTURE, MILD AND HSS
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INTRODUCTION - DUCTILE FRACTURE
(DISLOCATION MEDIATED)
(a) Necking,
(b) Cavity Formation,
(c) Cavities coalesce form crack
(d) Crack propagation,
(e) Fracture
Cup-and-cone fracture
(Aluminium specimens)
Similar shape are for mild
steels. 18
INTRODUCTION - BRITTLE FRACTURE
(LOW DISLOCATION MOBILITY)
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INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
Unnecessary
stiffening of the
web stiffener.
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INTRODUCTION
Striation formation
brittle
brittle
Striation formation
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INTRODUCTION
Striation formation
Zone of brittle
failure
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SOME FATIGUE CRACKS IN REAL
STRUCTURES
Fatigue cracking caused
by the secondary restraint
forces generated by
(deformation induced
fatigue cracks):
- unintentional interaction
The I-95 over Rappahannock
between main and
River, Virginia, USA, built 1961
secondary members
- abrupt changes in stiffness
also contributed to fatigue
cracking in most details.
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VARIOUS WELDED DETAILS IN
ORTHOTROPIC DECK BRIDGES
After 1970
1950/60
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
Definition of Fatigue Strength and Fatigue Life
Fatigue testing of a specific steel detail (and is defined by the
parameter A ) shows that a relation exist between the fatigue life
of the detail and the stress range at which the tests is performed.
m is often equal 3
The stress range (r)
at the location of crack initiation
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
A fatigue design curve is
obtained from fatigue testing of
a specific detail at different
stress ranges.
A sufficient number of tests
should be performed at each
stress range to allow for a
statistical evaluation.
The design curve is derived
from test results taking into
account the standard deviation
in the fatigue strength (or life):
Ex: 75% confidence level of
95% probability of survival.
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CHARACTERISTIC S-N CURVE
X n
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
Fatigue design curves (EC3), details
subjected to normal stress
The fatigue strength of the detail which
is also called the fatigue category is
defined at a stress range C and N = 2
mil. cycles.
Change in slope change from 3 to 5 is
at 5 mil. cycl. The corresponding stress
range is D
A cut-off limitis defined at a stress range
and N = 100 million cycles. No fatigue
damage takes place below this limit L
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
Fatigue design curves (EC3), details
subjected to shear stress
Two fatigue lines are used
m=5
No fatigue limit, just a cut-off limit
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FATIGUE STRENGTH- FATIGUE DESIGN CURVE
1. Constant amplitude
A specific detail will fail after
Ni loading cycles when
loaded at a stress range i
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FATIGUE STRENGTH- FATIGUE DESIGN CURVE
2. Constant amplitude
Fatigue life of a specific
detail fatigue life will be
infinite if the stress range
does not exceed the CAFL
Otherwise, fatigue analysis is
made using a single slope of
m=3
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FATIGUE STRENGTH- FATIGUE DESIGN CURVE
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FATIGUE STRENGTH- FATIGUE DESIGN CURVE
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
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FATIGUE STRENGTH
Effect of mechanical strength, no positive effect of HHS on notched
specimens
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CLASSIFICATION OF DETAILS
1: Detail category c
2: Constant amplitude fatigue limit D
3: Cut-off limit L
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LOADINGS FOR FATIGUE
Reservoir method
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LOADINGS FOR FATIGUE
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CALCULATION OF DAMAGE
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CALCULATION OF DAMAGE
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CALCULATION OF DAMAGE
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CONCLUDING SUMMARY
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PRELIMINARY HINTS FOR DESIGN
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2017: Part 1, Lecture 1
Basic Introduction to Fatigue of Steel
Strucutres
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HOME ASSIGNMENT 1
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