Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Relay testers need to be a jack-of-all-trades in a number of disciplines to properly test a digital relay, and
these disciplines havent been well defined in the past. Technicians often dont know that relay testing can
actually be quite simple because theyve often been thrown to the wolves and are expected to just figure it
out. Managers dont know what should be tested inside a relay; so they dont know which skills their relay
testers need.
This document, and its corresponding logbook, is designed to list every skill a relay tester should know to
effectively and efficiently test digital relays. The training should be spread out over a relay testers career and
is listed in a logical progression, including:
OO The electrical foundation needed to understand relays
OO Basic relay testing techniques
OO Basic current and voltage element testing
OO Advanced relay testing techniques
OO Specialized techniques for advanced relays
We hope you find it useful. Please contact us if you see anything missing or needs correcting.
Chris Werstiuk
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
1
How to Use The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan is organized in a logical progression, starting with the basics of electricity
that every relay tester should know, so that there is a foundation for the topics the follow. This flowchart will
help you visualize the perfect relay testing progression laid out in the following pages. Everyone should learn
the basics before they branch into specific relay testing disciplines.
Overcurrent Elements
We have added footnotes to each topic that will guide you to a training course/seminar/class/program that
covers that specific topic. If you want training on a specific topic, follow the footnotes to the last few pages
and find a training provider for that topic.
We want this to be the most comprehensive guide possible. If you see a class/course/seminar/program
missing that provides training for a specific program, please send us an email at store@relaytraining.com. We
want to make this a living document and will constantly update it with your suggestions and corrections at
store@relaytraining.com. You can always download the latest version at https://relaytraining.com/ultimate-
relay-testing-training-guide/
You can also download a logbook that includes all of the topics in this document, so that relay testers and
supervisors can keep track of their training progress and plan for the future. The columns are blank so you
add your own headers to track the information you care about.
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Logbook The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Logbook The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Logbook
1) Electrical Basics 1, 4, 100, 101, 300, B, c, e 1) Electrical Basics 1, 4, 100, 101, 300, B, c, e 1) Electrical Basics 1, 4, 100, 101, 300, B, c, e
a) Rotors, Stators, and Magnetism a) Rotors, Stators, and Magnetism a) Rotors, Stators, and Magnetism
b) Sine Waves & Cycles 1, 100, 300 b) Sine Waves & Cycles 1, 100, 300 b) Sine Waves & Cycles 1, 100, 300
i) What is a Cycle 1, 100 i) What is a Cycle 1, 100 i) What is a Cycle 1, 100
ii) Counting Cycles 1, 100 ii) Counting Cycles 1, 100 ii) Counting Cycles 1, 100
c) Frequency 1, 100 c) Frequency 1, 100 c) Frequency 1, 100
i) What is the System Frequency 1, 100 i) What is the System Frequency 1, 100 i) What is the System Frequency 1, 100
ii) Cycles vs. Seconds 1, 100 ii) Cycles vs. Seconds 1, 100 ii) Cycles vs. Seconds 1, 100
iii) What Reference to Use 1, 100 iii) What Reference to Use 1, 100 iii) What Reference to Use 1, 100
iv) Converting between cycles/seconds and cycles/cycles 1, 100 iv) Converting between cycles/seconds and cycles/cycles 1, 100 iv) Converting between cycles/seconds and cycles/cycles 1, 100
d) Phasors 1, 101, 300 d) Phasors 1, 101, 300 d) Phasors 1, 101, 300
i) What is a Phasor? 1, 101 i) What is a Phasor? 1, 101 i) What is a Phasor? 1, 101
ii) X-Y Drawings B ii) X-Y Drawings B ii) X-Y Drawings B
iii) How to Draw Phasors 1, 101 iii) How to Draw Phasors 1, 101 iii) How to Draw Phasors 1, 101
e) Basic Circuits e) Basic Circuits e) Basic Circuits
i) Ohms Law e i) Ohms Law e i) Ohms Law e
ii) Kirchoffs Law ii) Kirchoffs Law ii) Kirchoffs Law
iii) Measuring Voltage, Current, and Phase Angle iii) Measuring Voltage, Current, and Phase Angle iii) Measuring Voltage, Current, and Phase Angle
iv) Series and Parallel Circuits e iv) Series and Parallel Circuits e iv) Series and Parallel Circuits e
f) Power 1, 4, 300, B, e f) Power 1, 4, 300, B, e f) Power 1, 4, 300, B, e
i) Watt Formulas B, e i) Watt Formulas B, e i) Watt Formulas B, e
g) Reactance 1, 4, 300, c, e g) Reactance 1, 4, 300, c, e g) Reactance 1, 4, 300, c, e
i) Inductors 300, e i) Inductors 300, e i) Inductors 300, e
ii) Reactance 300, B, e ii) Reactance 300, B, e ii) Reactance 300, B, e
iii) Capacitors 300, c, e iii) Capacitors 300, c, e iii) Capacitors 300, c, e
iv) VAR formulas iv) VAR formulas iv) VAR formulas
Store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
2
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
Table of Contents
1. Electrical Fundamentals7
1) Electrical Basics 1, 4, 100, 101, 300, B, c, e 7
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
3
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
Table of Contents
4. Basic Protection Elements Overcurrent14
1) Overcurrent Fundamentals 1, 2, 200, 300, A 14
5) System Simulations 16
8) Oscillography Records d 17
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
4
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
Table of Contents
7. Protection Elements for Transmission and Distribution18
1) Substation Equipment b, c, e, f 18
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
5
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
Table of Contents
7) Single Phase Protection Element Testing 5, 302 23
3) Other Providers 27
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
6
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
1. Electrical Fundamentals
If relay testers dont understand the fundamentals of the electrical system, they are always going to struggle. All
protective relays use the same formulas with minor variations, and you will be much better equipped with this
basic knowledge. Use the footnotes to find training for any areas youre missing.
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
7
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
8
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
9
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
10
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
11
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
12
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
13
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
14
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
15
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
5) System Simulations
a) Prepare to Test
b) Build the Test Plan
c) Create the Evaluations
d) Troubleshoot
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
16
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
8) Oscillography Records d
a) What Are They?
b) Why Are They Important?
c) How to Use Them to Troubleshoot?
d) When to Save and Clear?
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
17
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
1) Substation Equipment b, c, e, f
a) Disconnect Switches
b) Circuit Switchers
c) Circuit Breakers
d) Circuit Breaker Layouts b
e) Ring Bus
f) Breaker and a Half
g) Transmission Lines
h) CTs
i) PTs
j) CCVTs
k) Transformers
l) Reactors
m) Capacitor Banks c
n) Buck/Boost Transformers
o) Wave Traps
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
18
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
19
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
20
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
21
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
22
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
23
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
1) Generator Fundamentals 4, A, B, c, e, f
a) Rotor vs. Stator 4
b) Speed/Frequency while isolated 4
c) Field/Voltage while isolated 4
d) Parallel Operation 4
e) Parallel with the Grid Operation 4
f) P-Q Drawings 4, B
g) R-X Drawings 4, B
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
24
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
25
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
26
The Ultimate Relay Tester Training Plan
3) Other Providers
We do not have any personal experience with these providers and their listing here is for information only.
We have no relationship with these providers.
a. Electrical Print Reading ANSI, AVO Training Institute
b. Relay Philosophies I, Power Grid Engineering
c. Relay Philosophies II, Power Grid Engineering
d. Relay Commissioning I, Power Grid Engineering
e. Relay & Protection, Tennessee Valley Public Power Association (TVPPA)
f. Protection & Control Seminar, Beckwith Electric Co. Inc.
store@relaytraining.com | relaytraining.com |
2017 - Valence Electrical Training Services
27