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This force is produced by jet effect of this exit fluid. When a high velocity fluid is ejected from aircraft engine it will
produce a reaction force which will power the aircraft flight. This force is known as jet force. By applying Newtons 2nd
law of motion to jet engine control volume, one can easily deduce magnitude this jet force as follows.
It is momentum out minus momentum in. So if jet velocity is high it means high thrust force! This is why exit portion of a
jet engine has got decreasing area, assuming the flow is subsonic. Or the exit portion acts like nozzle which increase jet
velocity.
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Fig.2 Combustion produces flames at high energy, which is then transformed to high velocity flames
But for a sustainable combustion process we need the inlet air to the combustion chamber to be at high temperature and
pressure.
Use of Compressor
Surrounding air is brought to high temperature and pressure state with help of diffuser plus compressor arrangement. Air
gets into the engine by forward motion of engine and sucking effect of compressor. Diffuser increases pressure and
temperature of the fluid to some extent by converting some part of kinetic energy. After that compressor comes where
both pressure and temperature of the air is raised by by energy supply from compressor.
Fig.3 Diffuser and compressor together raise pressure and temperature of the incoming air
So at outlet of the compressor we will have air at high pressure and temperature. But compressor requires some power
input to do this compression process.
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It should be noted here that the exit stream never go back to the inlet condition, at inlet it sucks fresh steam of air in.
So this is an open cycle process, but since both this points are having same pressure we can assume pseudo constant
pressure process (61) in between in order to complete the cycle.
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