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Abstract: A typical solution in an enclosed space, such as a room, is that the reduction in sound
level is the results from the installation of eggs cartons materials or fruits cartons materials (for
example apple, pear or peach tree). The Tone Burst method is used to measure the sound
absorption coefficient of a material at any desired angle of incidence. The goal for this paper is
demonstrate that these cartons are a myth when they are used like reducer of the sound level in
an enclosed space.
Key-words: Tone Burst Absorption Materials Reflection Factor - Eggs Cartons NRC -
Sound Power Level.
1. Place the loudspeaker and measuring Which is the optimum spacing between
microphone (B&K Type 2250) along the transducers for a given minimum room
longest axis of the room. Center the dimension h.
microphone/loudspeaker combination with
For reflections from the end walls of the
respect to all three axes of the room.
room along its longest dimension (L), the
Assume a room (see Fig. 3.) with the
length of the pulse must be shorter than the
transducers equally spaced between floor
difference between the time it takes for the
and ceiling (h, the height of the room is
first reflection to return to the microphone
assumed the smallest of the room's
(L/c) and the time it takes for the direct
dimensions). First, we will only consider
sound to reach the microphone (d/c).
reflections from side walls, ceiling and
Ld
floor. The pulse length (t) must then be Hence t d < L ct (7)
c
shorter than the difference between the time
it takes to travel the reflected (2l/c) and the Now reflections from the far wall only
direct path (d/c). Hence become a limitation when the minimum
distance of Equation (7) is equal to, or less
2l d h2 + d 2 d (1)
t = than that of Equation (3). Setting the two
c c
equal
h2 c 2t 2 L= 2ct (8)
d= (2)
2ct
and substituting t from Equation (4) we get The size of the loudspeaker must also be
2 considered in determining the far field. The
L= 3h=1.15h (9) microphone should be placed at a distance
3
Hence the length of the room must be at at least equal to the largest dimension of the
least 15% longer than the smallest loudspeaker. Unfortunately, due to practical
dimension in order for Equations 4-6 to be restrictions on room size, these criteria are
valid. often ignored, thus leading to non
reproducible measurements. Certain
However, with reflections from the end standards, of course, also call for fixed
walls setting the limits, the pulse length distances.
must be (from Equation 8.)
3. At a given angle between the
L L
t= = (10) loudspeaker and the barrier and a distance
2c 688
de d/2 between the loudspeaker and the
with an optimum distance between B&K type 2250, note that the total distance
transducers of (combining Equations 3. and is d, see fig. 6. The short tone burst is
8.) emitted again and the B&K type 2250
L
d= receives the direct and reflected signals, see
2 (11)
fig 5. Note the point of the first reflections
and increase the duration of the tone burst.
If the tone burst is too long, the received
Tone
B&K signal will have overlap.
Burst Type
h/2 2250
Direct
h Reflection
d/2 d/2
Loudspeaker
h/2
(L-d)/2 (L-d)/2
L Reflection
Pr Z cos Z 0 (13)
R= =
Pi Z cos + Z 0
4. Conclusions
The egg carton has a good absorption
coefficient begin in 2 KHz. For frequencies
smaller to 2 KHz it does not serve at all.
5. References
[1] Michael Vorlnder, Auralization,
RWTH First Edition (Springer 2008).
[4]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_carton.