+E

p'L B t ]
x a

~ggfi
2
[ ZJ0_I
 ~g Z
YgzZD

~g Z
YgzZD:x a
: [

~%{  : '
Y 2014 : )
Z
9zg 390 : 7

~%{

: 6Z
[ ZJ0_I
wzuhZ
-L
X@ ezg b 8 @ezg b
092-81-2837672:c 092-81-2843229:y e-mail: goshaeadab@yahoo.com
 [^
OZ

x **
) lpkQ
H XZg ZzZa LWAzZ yKZZ
#
 !* Zuz
7a
:[ !*
81
85 ~izg Kzg a
'
86 ~zg C4~uw0*

91 Z ~rgzZyzZ
94 ]gzZ
GG
97 x L 5Vzg Y
103 zgz
108 # ) !*
(~
111 ]gzZ z

116 ZZgzZL
b!*

Z
) Zgi a
:[!*

8 7
121
s M HN
131
x ~Xu a
:[!*

139 s M {(
13
154 g ~g ZzZa s M HN
18 bD a

g ~g ZzZa ~g:[!*
a
59 J e \
165 69 b Z gzZD
167 ~
75 umD a

Y
174 G 1
58E
 176 ~i
177 wY ~

=zVa
:[ !*
VZv0*
183
188 - ZZa
J
197 ]
201 ]5I

7 209 ]N
210
X k ~ }g !*
{z byKZ g **
C |# KZ a
214 [ Z
+ Z]
Cs ZZQ YHBx Z Z {E
X Yc* .Z !*
WkZ Le 217 u
{ ypgzZX ]JZ sZ @*
yKZt taCZ 222 g
gzZZ~ ZX g Vzgz MgzigzZ q
' **
{** 223 u
gzZZ& O kZ V eA1ce ** +{
V gzZ yZ0 225 wZjwq
!*
X{ h n Zg
Zz : x gzZ {Zz x X c* C 230
!*
{)yS gzZX
]Xx {x ZgzZ {
V Zz {V!* g Z 231 s Zx
B ~g s
X KZ gk 236 Sh Zzg *
a
Z & +e Vpg }g J - ` W Zz 6,a
236 +~g F
Z
(
5k J3EL L X ~ : -
Zhz EG4F
c* $jX 3g 239 xg]
V KZ' kg gzZ ~ Zhz ~g r
~I: Z b
X W:]' }t {zX Wt Z
Vzg ZD yQ

8
 gzZVzgz V1fVz yyS )g f] OZ LZ M
~ ,
X zZg gzZ ;gzZg V'
z{E
bZX
CY~ + yg " V- X 3g}6,
zF Z' hzZg VY Z Zz c*
 ~ wZ et ~ . ~uzq
-Z
~ b J X ~ 1574I~ 0* -yq
` Mq -Z ~g ~ qzK**
u** ~g X
c*
~ 7, g M gzZ
]z ykZ Zz qz {,g Y L LX qzc_ @ V Z }g X c*
i ~g H y A
y!* qz
Vzg Z
Y X J -t X ; g ygg ]
-|q yS c*
g|
/ -y*hzZgX c*
$1X J {g Z L~~hzZg c* gM
E
zLg LZ Z~ 1574OX Zg a]!y{ ~I~g g @*7Z V;g *ZyQ_H
{
0gzZh zi Z F,
k { ,g OE
B g g7 V X ZJX c* 7 L LHZ(,q
-ZB NY~
X c*
~(,KgyZ ~ [ kZ X ~ q
V8Z' -ygzZ
HZg ~ MgzZ  wzZ izg bD
Bv QgzZ
-y
bZ J
~[&
X YH +eVz! Z0 yZgzZ z! h z |
~g pX Lg ~g Y # ~ bDX gt X
g
G ~(,~(,VX X M t \ 6 6 ~ V70
 +i
~g : ~ VEk~g yZ ~ VZE
5Z gz Z y ~g yZ
 zL Z: X x Zz psZX I Y~\}uz
~ Vzg gzZ VzgVzh N yZX hgv :gzZ O~ !*
M
rg
X Z
0\: Va
V $gz yKZ
\kZQ c*
1X 2gzZ xg px ~Xu CY 0*
t .q
-Z
/
kZX : { Zix M zy
I M0
C +gXhZz
xcJ
-ZgzZ ~g Ztu ~g Z
Y ~Xu ~gZxt ]!*
-u ~(,q E
x a
~g7 Z
7s t
zZ uZz # ~ V *Z KZ a
-Z x z C4~ V
}g yZ ZX
D `
C 4
~(,q
Wx ZgzZe1
gz zZ x ZgzZe X
D77,gzZ D7 d
weA @* ~ *a gzZ Lg g  |
x ~Xu(C
gz *u c*
g }g X 7!* .}g Z]
Z] .Z }g {zX
@ g Z
YgzZ y~ k Z a kZ x
K Z X
Tg ] , z
X Zz
X Lg @* .nugzZ6Z LgzZszvLya~ Zi M
4z]
g / g @*
kZX 7 {A
$% m,
Z ~ }g !*
}g
gzZ zg xc
~gZ  7 (ZQ weA
X bVzZ)gzZZX
wh y
/~
X
y@xsZgzZzgZy!*
NmLZ g@* i {gy 0*L! bZ
G
yZz6,x weA( ,k QgzZ )BBx D~Va

L Vt ~}g!*
) g@*h7bzY a
$g0
XM +Z{
x ~XuX
g Cg Z%'z y Tg~x DgzZX ;g km

"VZ
/ Zz ~'
# gzZ g@*
u~l| , $Zzg ZzB/B~g
e
10 9
 $Z
tX ? Hpzd +zxgg a
t{z;]!*Wq
~y -Z X
ggzpgz]~g~}g!*
a
(cg 0*

gigzZ DsgzZ s ` Zzgz xga kZX 1 yY~kZ c LZ Zg ea + g @*
Z# Vpg a
p
+gzZ LZ ` ZzgzxgX
CM WZ 7` Zzg~gz QX

Wgz -Zx KZ akZ< ]aw
T~} ];+Zq
~qz ` ZzgX
C ~g ~Wg~M W
D
DiZ }g X 7gzZ {zY {g~ ayZ~
+c*
w$ 87ZgzZ ^zga LZ 7Z F,
[i c* Y
YW
h g 
g ]!* wx cg
t X 7 c*
X H{@xV=pVZzgzyZX Cl wqgzZ wq X ]g Z x ** a kZ M
F, h7!*
q?T g @*
+Z k0*
a
X @*
Za w ,
. V@*
~g z ~g Y Zzg
a
} Z} gB ZpkZ
gzZ zg@s h Z weX U* Z kZ X YY H O
X: z]jZg
kZJ Zg ~x awV LE
-ZgZgzZ cg a
X ** &**
w@q u @*
-Z 6,Pgz ]g @* kZ {zX @*M 7@* K]!*

~%{ 
w 46,  e: NL(G $E {z X e}: w{z}
k Q g @* .
+
0z
~ wzggzZ wqg Z0
+ ak Q g@*
~4z
w a
X
2014~g
X iY qZ Z ~X B
bgqZ ~(,
gZz% a
X
H{g Z "z ;@* -Z
z gzZ q
{ : Z],
q-ZX 7 J
-Z wq V\ M "m
SV
/u
6,gg z ZZX ]gzx h
+' 6,kZX **
t1~ wZ e
&**
LE
gzZ h 7} g z ZZ ~oxz
{z
,o X M
z xk QX  egZgz!*
: Q J
-ci
+ZX
g Z
sp 0* N*
0* 3spV- g z ZZ V!*
c* ga gzZ
G
4<X(+Z g z
G /6,Immovable Movable {zX @*
3
GE
3!kZ #
pgzZ X Y s i #
p  , J m

~h $Z Zzjg1~
! ? k

12 11
 [!*

x ~Xu a

14 13
 t X $
^~uzX ]gAzZ # d
$gzZ Cc*
gzZ t Z CZp\X } 7,
g7gzZJ e CZ Z b
x g=z ~
/%a -Z kZX g zL(E
T H Za q $
}g\ X X xi6,
H0 M W kZ c* kZ X H
~0*
D}uz LZ Z gzZ ,tM W~XLZ {z ZIxi a VzM
X ,6,V
z7,X } Kg
gzZ {z t x Z(,
( \) {z
/
\ Vz @* # X
g W D }uz q
qz Z Z -Z
Bq
g(Z ^ k /ZgzZ
D i._LZZ
-Z Z
]ZZ sKZ ~g Z)f kZt gzZ @*
7,**B
k g7\ }
X i c*
0*
egzZX Z
x (q
Q Lg7. -ZgzZ Kgc FZ
# -Z yKZ
kZ? ngZ X Y7 {g Z {zZX tY
q
G
X ** Y {i]J e D
YCgCg S)-8kZgzZ @* {ZpgzZ X
D kZ
+Z QwgzZ
gzZ 0g H u
Zg , ]!*
| x Z
# ~X a
m<!* # gz tg !gzZ ~ { c*
ipO QO S Z: VY ( a
Vz )[
Z
]gt [Z )X
Dg]!* +: {q
} Zzpg: lz$ -Z 6,g~ ZZagzZX ceceD
akZX @*
7,Zz
+: {4gzZ ~ !*
X ( Zzz$ M4 -ZgzZ Zq
Zq -Z {za kZ D 7k0*
-Z q Zq WzZq
-Z bz
/
7t x ~Xu a
 ~gzs
C # zgzZq
-Z bZ X ,g Z
/0
+ig**
!*
-Z {z @*
q 'gzZ bz LZ {zX
D cZ
X~ i Z0
+Z{gzZ 6q
-Zx D~ nz wy
 X qz0
+ /V- ''
i ( D ) z
~g Zxx Zz kZBBx ~Xu~ Va

) 0
Y
kZX ~gzZ ~ Kg
VzMLZ ( # + /kZ
i z
DV; }g ) X ;gx ~g Z
Y x ZzW kZgzZ  L Y
kZvZ
zI W7Z
DZa ~\Z # bkZJ e
-z~,x ~g ZxBBx
X ( ~g Y{!*
J # qz~ ikZ 0
: { {z Z + /yKZX Q
i z MkZ~i Z0
+Z
gzZ 
idpFC C
X x k ~ }g !*
|# KZ a
F,+]
h . Z X {g Z Z Rq +: { pg c*
-Z z$ ]!* +
tX g6? z$

16 15
 J45F
"
T MV; G z6,yZ g @*
]i !* i !*
+AzZ a
 ~g Z'
{E 7 ~ F,
,KZ
' X @*
/ZC g ~i !* -ZgzZx H
Pu~ g Z
C~Vzh N ~~{~7Z
X c* ~
L LkZ''F
Z Z Z Z~
L LXgz ~'
, ,
Z'}uz i Z

CZz F, +Z t ^Va

-Z ~ yQ X ~ i Z0
q Y L L Zg f ~
Lt
L 'X ~ ~
L LZ Z1H Z(,{n a

bZX {)zzZgzZ 1 tX
u~ y!*
i F,
gzZ~ p Zg " X X N Y}g *}g Zzx a

(2) X
bD}g7 }g7 V; }g X
p Z, Z igzZe 4 !* t ]!*
?Q! X ~ ]JZsZ yKZC Z
Z~ + Y~}g !* /$XDq {E
V i| +Zg t 1 gzZd az kZgzZx KZX
$ rg7~ F,
,? ZggzZ
' rg7
X : i Y
c*
$4Z k =z a
X
} a
} g\
)d
~ "kS KZ%} 7,~6 X xV ( 6,g
bD a
-1 C
+Z [!*
{-Zg0 C X
by ( } Zj yQ ) ]c*
Z
oe^e] ! Z d:gzZR: : X
g M D] !*
s &
X
Va
kgX
ZV yS
0* +I p
;~ X {h
~f Kg VXZX n
z ]gVp  pg 7z {et ~ y
],m m 1^]  oe
pg
X
n ]a+ m m
o n^] ^+   e c 2
N ZVXLg Va
~ d t Z Dt
$ ] ^] ^a +
g]g c*
{ yZX
TgBuuy 0* ,
z yZk M ~z
ZvtX c* ~ bD Z}g }g ` M ~gz:]!* -Z
gzZq
H Y
!*
]z 1937-38X
6,Q gzZ [ M g Z' M g Z ~ g Z ), ~g E 5N -E
G3 HE
& ~% x , g\WX
0*
7
vZgzZ i *ip iMX ~ \ i
Z V yZk
, yZgz
Z ( 1 ) X M 7 }~~ c
Z6, -,wZ E
f bD Z}g J gzZ
bD a
}uz ** i
G ~fkZ j
igzZ i i kZgzZx a
bx mC
\C tgw ]!*
-Z
q
.~kZ
X
`[_ Y Hw6,gx X g@*
f Va
 @*
gzZ ZZ
om ^e |t V X M~ z
)x  gz
L L( ~{ 651X 22) ~ #

z~ ~ !* F,
W a
j yj jZ yZk
y j ,Z y 0*
F a
t g Zu1X ` 0
) )q -yZzyZx a

-Z J

18 17
kZX :FgJ z0
- ( ~,gG) ig  +gFt ) [gzZ|{zkZX !* rg
W~ wy
tX
YE_
F0+gt }g H 5~ yX ~ ]g { Z %
c +\ ~%gzZ !*
~ y
X
 !*
~ ( g7 ZgzZ|
/
gzZg Z )
,gvg X !*
W~kz7,kzh ZVXQgzZ.bV- wZ] X @* Yc* 0*x Z { YZ~t kZ~[1
 Z Z
E
6,VkvV- Zg }g g Z )
,X @* ~ u @ ~wZ] i ~^ i] E$Z( Ag Zu ) i E 7~bD~f !*
4E
5G
H&Y Y G Y
,wz ~ Vp  , -E
~f kZ X
z7, g Z ) X
gzZ wZ9 izq,w ,w iw k iM IG .- i E
.g i ; iE 58E
,wbz ,w ,wZ
,w** -d ,wZe ,w ,wZz
,w G a
}uz x ** yZ !*
Vp  i
gzZ ^
, 5 Zg f )
 ,Z
, wiggzZ ,wZ
X
 Y,wZZ X (
x ** {z
kZbD Z }}gzZX
 /~bD
Z~18576,T {z Vzg Z )
v WZ Vzm, ,g !* o^e ^m o ]^e
vZzSz ZDyMvg Z )
zSg c* ,{zg7 XZggzZ y{X ~ ! fX ;g @*
Zx6,y
J
-Y 1928 Fg !t Va
g F
'
3.E
!*
W~ g7 gzZ !*
Wgz8 -dIg7 ,w{4ZxzSy{
y AXG g yZk
wzZ {  , ZX i yZg !*
Z zyZx a
~y
W y

~ V gzZ
D !*
7 ? Vzuu [ z y
vt X
Z ZgzZ LgkZX
!* YiyZg !*
W~y]g ZgzZum, O
X c*
X
~Vi 5~g uX ~g X
!* +Z} )~y
VzgzZ|yzg0
W~i Z0
+Zc Z 
oje 6m<^a e
g !*-Z~0
q z X f yS g
+ E
%NL L~ ~ "{ z kZX !* /
W~| ,
gzZg7 x Y g7 XZg y{ ~i {keFt
G-.
u
g !* -Zg U*
L LJ W nVz ~ k B B\ \ kS 6, kZX \ E 5!zez Z (,q
-Z kZ {zkZX [ ~ ~g E
G3
kZX
!* +Z} )~ yZ(gzZ~g 1~HH
W~ i Z0 %yvt X ~ Z ZuX !*
W? i ~ggzZ h N P !*
Wg!; : h,w'
,{z
X
Vc*
\kZ ~]Y{k
,egzZg {e!*
{z i ~g Sv X y!*
]Ic
X
CZ g y!* i
pne XK
z0
~ {yZ(Ig  +gF*q
-Zt( ~ {) ] e
,
~X
` gzZ q g ~ y
( ZkZ ) ! f kZX X !*
M % 0*
Vc*
L L
~ T F Z(,gzZ q
-Z Va
F
Zz~ yZ( { Zg m\ kZX g yZxA ~ yZ( g Z ) $Z3; bT1X Zz
,bZX gzZ3gzZ
DgzZ -
X*6,
yZ(gzZ ~7n3+VrZX , 7Vc*
XFZz% 0* ,
@'x **
LZ
20 19
 Y Y
H-E
q ne B\ Z # ~g Gg a !*
I. X !*M ~ &~%Ft
Y
H-E
,j_!*
) !* X !*
w** ,j_
-ZFt )
W~ Wzq X ~~ &~%k B ~g tgzZX
I
~ y
Zk
,ZX
!* ,~I gzZ { Z yZgZzWg ZT1 y
W) ~ [gzZg .ggzZ ^|+ Z !* Wg 82 $ { ZzZn ~
gzZ
Tg ~ h N X Z' h YA )
,
s1 c
vt X
M , , w ,wc* ,wZg E
C 5_N,wZg O ,w7 i  !X
!* W
X
 ~f kZ uggzZ E -8E
;
X ~yZy @G
Z 7x **
6,\}g ~ t :Z T [ ~i q y X !* W~|{z /kZm<!* Y~'
@* ,7Z
!*
{ jZ Z$
yj Z Z
+Z {  # 
X Z~ ]g zZ y )
, ^e
&7 V{Vg Zu~ yZb [Vzg ZuyjZ kZ Ug kZ gzZ
EF ,} m1 c
}Xg Z0
Z' zy
+ Zzpgm <
,
X HgH{ Z'u ` KZ}[y**{y{gzZy{ ZT } (,Zp Z xOX @*
]!*
~ Zu} S}
9
,wZ;
t  ~f )
,{zkZXA g Zu,w ) 
D Y 0*
Z V(C (C ~ y
X 3g
~ x **
{ (gzZ,wZ%
X f 0* a
X { KZ ~
Cq-Z ]gzsZ X C ]gzs
6m<^ X
Daw sZt~}
k0*
k M @X @*
!* +: { X F *1 N*
7gzZ z$ g ` L g Zu n
pg ~ Zi M ~ ] g I KZ
z! ~ _g izg Kzg 0*
)a X Lg @* +: {6,uuyjZgzZ
Vz$ rg ~ Zi M ~]g n
X
X ];Z \kS xg o,e
,
X
s1Z'}g }g ,w6, +
a
0g6,g~
CX
!*
W~ V F y
XF Z(,q
-Zt
o^jn yZ1X @*
g ~ bDyZzZg ]! {Ft X
s1 c
gzZ

{zXgzZ s ;
p Z !*
]gzpz ~ y!*
ic
LZFZ {z } )~ |X
s1 SgzZ Z'
,G
X
Zz\ XLgtZV @*
~  k0* ix Z ~g ZuyZ X Lg~ y;z 3,
AE 5_
-F
ix Z ;
V- G~fkZX ZR, E g ZweAyQX M k0* i
X
Ds zZV !*
M ~Ze } (,
t
Y ( F Y
v X
!* ,
W~ ( y{
ZgzZ y{ ~i ) ]Y {ke v\ kZ O$X NF
g Z' igO iz$
I%N,wZzq i + i yZg,wZ Oig b
E"
Kg\ kZ ~|~i Z0
+Zx bZX
n $j~|
pg - / X ` Z%
' , i E1E

22 21
 jq X
~)Vc*
Kg
Z(,\kZ1X VSg~]Y{k
, ~9Z ~)| M q
egzZ| -Z ^q
@* 7bVa
vgzZFN*
!* /
g X Lg~y
z~%gzZ $ gzZX F a
$ iq
t Zz g ~g 82 -Z ^Y c*
xY
~g ug !* g{z V
K !*
zg N* M V ~ b Zz
/@v X Zg4z]
.g Z
Y V gzZ
y~ Va
F,
{ c*
iv
i5
X
Dg izg ~vgzZ# a
x YX
qx YX 4z]
~ ~ .b Z Do Z
ojq z Z ]gzp
TX Z wEZ
t nZ'xg ! ~

X
~[X
Tg~|~ ZVzg ZD
m<!* X pg \
y{
Z {k
a
kZX ~ggzZg7 {  , ,
ey{ ~i {k /
e wZ| H^q
,Zg X Sg~ y
Z \
g ! zZ jg[ vg ) $ y

s Vw C4 LZ y ~ gi g 82
+
\0 gzZ
g kZX ~ ( ]gzp X
HgV
M ] a
{zt ZgzZX
`? px **
kZ sKZpgzZ
, w; Z;

X , wZgi,f  ~f K ~ Zg '
, , M M {z [Z
Z'
6m< ^q (t ]!* ]Y ]g+F,
E 1X @* +B LZ x C4X
g Y
$
!*
M ~ Z { c*
i ~ [ z | gzZ ~ y
F a
t X } !*
,
' g Z
Y~g kZq
VZzgV!* -
(Jusk) h8EL L c
vt HX ~ y{ ~i {k
,e m<!*
X kq
X ? Z efL L;
T
[ )
Zx a
X
D !*
{ c*
F, /Zo q
iX {z -Z~
#
6m<]<q e # X n } zg ~'
$Z ~ , ,VzM}g LZ V 7J
Z' - RkZ
0
~t X 7~ +gXF Z (,|gzZ ( ,
;Z' ~
~g  # ;
 kZ X Sg ~ { w y

E E
X !*
M ~yZg {zZ (,TX F ** { (~yZXFZz0*
f 0* B- Z HE
Z Z s , bZX (3) ~ gzZ Zz@ Z E 5(N Z ( ZC
!*
)

o^q #
X
~

z Z zg) |X
Tg ~ !*
WgzZ yzg !*
WQ~ y
bD1X
s1 Zu~ Z~(,vt X
a
Zz !*

\X
!* gzZ !*
W~ Z~(, ) ~ [ {z( ~g t [ Z
M g { kZ
d { c*
$ i !* # } )~
Zz%1 ZuX
s1 c
~
X
} ) S ~VX 4 VyQwDyZa
24 23
 -ZX !*
Wzhg g q M ~ y
]gV-~(,zFtX c*
0* Zgq iR
Zz(
EZg ) c*
C G Zg ;
t
5 Z
YE4H
) ZgiVz X !*
X
hZz M ~ b Z~~uz q
-Z ~ ( 4) X Zz y %ggzZg 1 G ,
55G&'!*
Z
pX
` 0\ Z {z
~)g z c*
~(,gkZ  ~f \ kZ weA y
Ft Y 0*
kZX @* ~1
5.&N,w; 
,w G ,wg, wc*
Z,w*1 ;
t 6,g~ C q
{ pg !* -kZX Sg CV Zu ~ ^: q
-y~
9,w;f c d,wZzq
X ,w, wZ <XE X
Tgg66,e
$g u~
/%eA)
5 m;^2
+Z} )~ !*
i Z0 g7 g Dzg c*
MggzZ ~g t ,z Z IF a
t &
: hx ** +eX
n z1~yi {k
pgl!* ,egzZ: h
!* yZ~ {)z !*
M Vc* M" 3zZ ~ y
X !*
$F, M~ , w \} )1} (, kZX C Z ZxyQ~
/;
t 
X
Tg~g7y{gzZ|
/y{g c* ,
gy{ ~i {keX
, w,w1a, wg , wZi,wI,w M
1q -ZX',wU*
q ,wZ, wZg, wZi%,wZ,wZzig G
5;XZ Z^
g hZz ]g X
a
V V!z * ~ i k
g e J egzZ 1 C z0
B g + $ d
gFt Zf ~ (5)V $z
K Z 0
~~ +g rgX @* k0*
oC yZWVzm,
ZX
M]|Gy{+g Zu ikZyQX c* ,
M y{ ~i {ke
X CyZ~ V1 (X
H f
$ : hFt V X ~ q Z gzu

o^] L V'~g
Zl
X
g: gzZV5Zg **

;
 (~(, ) ~f kZX !*

M ~ygzZe yZk ,ZFt Ft \ M , w$ - &
+X Zg f X
g " ] Z x ** +e
Y
X
g(Z^VX Zi MgzZ Zpt[ZX i hI.gzZ i
ZiZgc* X A ~g ZgzZ0
+ cg ZTy1 3zZ !*
z y3g!* MQ~ y

/Z% ;gt&
I: h IX
+e ~ i Z0
+Z yR6,gS[gzZ|
gn ( ]
''g7 4g7 gD c Z+ $
[Z Iz Z Ii
+ m{g7 {
x t X
!* +ZgzZ yZ({z
M ~|zg0 / Va
V**
yZ
-& ggzZ)gzZDY|
+e  Y y{ c* / Y y M\ MO QX -&
+e - &
+e
) Zgii ZIgzZ
vt X
hZz V ) ZgigzZ
Zz
X
gVz!*
xV;z\ M
.X
g"z4Z Vx
x ~g Z} / V- g nZ
uDpX
C
VyS X , Vz
/ kZ
gzZV KZg 2gzZLZ} .
ou
~ t X 7x ** -gz x x Zze
\ kZ J
26 25
 YG!
|Zg Z 
( ` Z% a
6, # E
54h gzZ ]! ( VMX
K 0
.~g/
~ ugzZ4z] + +4 x a

i
,m<!* ( a
t ]!*
) E X
g D Z Zg Z+F,
Z~ X Hzgx **
a

X g /4EZ ~g7~g7( ~~ 5 m
A+
I gzZ weA g !*
~ L .EZ L L~ 1920
( a
Ve
Z E TF Z Z) 0
~ VX y0gFt c +g
Dz I gzZ yZ Cc* -kZ X Z e w$
~i Zzjg1 ~ q +]gweA 7: 1f . yZ~ h N X
Zz6,Vzg )|c* g F,
{ c*
iV
X 5sKZV~f
6,
x BZZ Z y O OZX zJ
- y{
Z {k , ,
egzZ y{ ~i {keFtX
Gsfzgq~t ZDo { c*
;
 kZ
i XV~|
i - i i ! M hi i 8
-g 2 zZp &kZX
zZ ]d
LE Wy{w{z X
0
+g {zt
@*
~g e J e c i ~ Z i C i zqi i J %
+ i yZg i ,w gzZ,wc*
X
 f
g Z,wuf e ,wZj ,w ~ Vp 
+
X i 50g i g7XZgx gyZ (6) X
oL Lp0g
$
X Zd
ofJ oj:
~%X 0 c* g E ,
5!ze y
ZkZ6,g~ CFt ~%X
vt sZZ Vz Zk
, uu(
ZgzZ 0* )
Z ~g 1X
s M E -Z 0*
5!ze L LZX*q ,~F ,
{k ,
e y{ ~i {k /
e |{zkZX  x** ~f q
Z  -Z~\
E
5!ze ` Mzz +
M 7 ( OZ) E!zegzZ c* 5!zev H ~
g E X 4 LF
L Z(,
-Zsv
q gzZy{
Z
.bV~+g{
X
U|~ga [ L ]gzpLZ v 7,
L x ** ]`m
I
1X
Tg ~g7gzZg .g !*
M ~|{zyZk, Z vt ZX
gZz yWgi]! g vt&
c* ) Zgi
~gb wJ { k, X m1 c
F0 +gtX ~ Z yZ +: {X
s1 y!*
: lz$ -Z o c
gzZ g vt Zzpgm bD
iq
IY
E ~g h ! {  ,wZ', i Z$, wiz
,wc* q ~q{: Zgz& ~ yQzz ~g !*
M6,(q
-ZgzZ
Y YE
,
kZ Zk 5.9E Zh ; IG
izgzZ,w E ,wc*
.g @* ,w G
55_g, wZ~g D7Z~yZy(gzZ DDp(~ bkZX A { c*
i Z
~fg
X
 sea g!*
g gZ J g ]! { X
g V* M
-V-gZ ~g!*
)f Ozg\ kZ g ] ]g@*
~}g!*
bDyZgzZ Va
zg!* LE-gag!*
ggzZ g egkgbgzbg ** gXg
w ~ 1840   [KZ D L Lk0*
yQ
X g ~g Z XgvgZ ~m{G L0_y{{zkZXgD `v
28 27
 Y
H-E 7 7

~ G c*
. X
@ +e &~% bZX {)z g Zz~gZ'
& Z Z E Z (,q q
-Zp[Z c -Z \Z Z E ~wXS
( 7) X Z  - Z
XEgzZ ~g E 5N E
G3 HE 5!ze~ ) ] $gzZ|X [0F
X yZg 82
yM|
~^(gzZg7 {  / ,
y{
Z {k ,
ey{ ~i {ke ~ g ~ VX* F E
c
* f kZ X @* 5!ze
Z L Itg ; yPX _ [Z e
 $
/ +
%yQ
Tg0g X ~
X w q V1xX
n
pg_ Zu 6m<^5
[!* -Z y
g @*
Zg7 q X @* +
B~0g Zg7 kZgzZ y{e gzZ [ ,
CDKZZg gX
[ yg c*
g
'
gZ,J Z CZ } bD a
g " 0
- ` Wx ** +gX hZzkZ -Zp
X [ 0F ZgzZ Z(,q C

H#$bkZ~ V ~f LZ
~f TX Fq -Z x ** 0+g ` W~ yZgz gzZ X Z 3g ,
yZk /
Z ( jZ yZ(w + E
/)yj
gzZ x 4Z ~ ,{kZg yZg {
5E
Y
~g*g Z )
, igO !*
~i Z, wa ~F7t&
+e,wZe;
V-  0*{ (~ b Z kZ X
z bD yZ yj
F,
gzZy Zyy
X 4,g Z A1x~g ZwJ iz9
@* i CgzZ Z0
t Z D Z (,tX
 + Zz O g ) !*

x ** ,
LZFt~|gzZ[y
Zk +
Z
0 k W
gk0* tX
s1 ~ g L L ]gzp c
tX
~g gzZ
w0*
rgz
X Z ) gzZ !*
~ yZyz [ ZgzZ
( ~ y
X
D
X x * yS a
X
7
/ ZZ x a
t1
C W,
X c* Ox a
~g7Z I}g7bDz yZwX x
om y !*
M yZgzZ !* ~f ,wg
M~[f[yZ@Zi O g c 
gX
Tg ~ \t 1 ~ [Zg x g \ kZ
F N* /
OzgVgV X Z ;J
% \kS m, -VZ Vzh N
,6,
Vz1X
s1 ~Z' rgw p g (Zz W,
gX Z Z i ) vtX 0 !*
AgzZ !*
!* $Z yZ X Lg {Z'
7e ,u
X
s1c
v :
L \ 5b!* $
zzd z yZX
k
$gzZg {m, A{'gX
s 0*
$zZhZ **
.
n ~ V7z
/DAt X @* {z !*
~g M~ V Zy&gi !*
M
YE
g~Vz ) Zgi !*
/qgzZXFhZz W~!*
gzZ g EC-#FM X '
,i;i !*
;
G~fyZX
D
X 7{ c*
iZ ZqX @*

6m<^n } (, y
m<!* X @*
Y ** +
Y*u VXa
Z 0g
I Y
g p Z Va

& Z TFZ (, p g1N* Z/~g hg Z )
,}X
Tp wVp  a
0 + g\} (,

30 29
 I
5.\8
V s,w E ~VX Zv X {)z {)z ( g0
-Y ~gz U* +),wZg0
+ z Z(,gzZ -Z \ kZ F q /Z X ~g !*
-Z g gzZ Kg W
, w 0*
X
 Zgi i -Z }g7 yZzZu~{]!Ft X !*
q W~ yZ(( Kg )
Y
H-E
!*
M ~ ~ { kZ X F N* gq -Z~gz ZZ & Z(, q
yS  @* -Z yZzZu Zg Zu La L LX @*
Z `g Z p
HY& YE
X g @*bD vgzZ ~%g @* - E X c* wVrZX i X
yZ@gzZ ( 5G
) Zgi F,{ c* 4h! 7-X qVzg Zu
Y
H6,\kZ J.F2G&g e~ 1845X ;g ZgzZg Z{{F H-E
4E & -Zp Z &
kZX 4FgzZ Z q ~fC
+ gzZ Z Z)Ft hZz
-A zz 'KZ ^''X e7wzN Z1
\ kZ J 7 zg ;
G ~f
-X i ` Zu i 0g i Zg i (i w) i y
X ;g @*
` X x g
Y
H-E
rg & )X
gZu& ** . Z yyZx rg
HHgZ] o9,e ^m 6m<^
s Vzm, Z \ kZ {z 7Z VX ( HY&
Y C M ~]!* H7,- E
t X kZ m) Zz -
x ** g yZk
-c* ,Z
H&
-E '
XK , '
i? bD Vg Zz) X ,( ,i t X y ngi ; X ,wgi L Lx **
~]!* -Z \ kZ1X
gzZ q
5 yZgzZ ~ } 7Z Y
H-E
~C [Z ) 1 ~ ( R ) k B L E X ;g :Zzgzgz~: M yZ ! ! g& zZgiX C M 7!*
DG
Z y{[Zy{i y{g[ z$ %xy; xsrgX ( Z 3g~g !* g
s1_c
X <^LF -Z \~%O Q
L z7,gzZq
Y
H-E
Zg gzZ Z (, &w V M X g Zu K
/  M n!* \ kZ y{ ~ pgzZ y!*
N HX Z et i VXz ~ L Lsw~y
M s
c
X Zqzg ~C q
X
D Y Cc -Z \.wgiX t kZ
N XgzZyKZ
` Z% Z
/ ** ~
gzZ Zz ** /[Z L Ls \!* ~ d Zt X 7g f Zf yQ~ ~
$ c

Y
H-E
Cg Zz z %y 0* X &x%Z &ZZg ~g/ +
Vz0g 9,
~ y
XFoZz g (Z]g\gzZ 0*
H Y
V FV G& ~ | {z y
X ! \ Z
3 4E Zi R e1X 0~%y H !* gzZ '~ Vzh N ~%e $Z
Y
H&
L~ sX gB\ kZ J -k
, ~(,zy / bDvX
kZ X - E HM ~ F, /! B VqgzZ Vzm,
x LZgZ0 +
HY& HY& Y
X ~ Z~(,-E zy~V G34E Zz g OE -4XZg H-E
@G &m,
[1X [ x ** E-4XZgd
@G Wg Z0
+c  ~(,\
Y Y Y Y
H& H-E H&
;g Y g Zu V G34E ( & rg {k,e Zg ) - E ,
{k e -Z T(8)X
zZwW - E
q
H&
~wk QX q @* C
7 gzZ g
Y
H& Y Y
2 Z ;g y{ Z [Zg Zug - E ~ ~ wqX M ~ 1983V ex ** Vp 
H-E
\ &X : Z yyZx -
H&  i rgL L
E ~f
,
0k Zi%g\~ J 1950 `.
iz ~ # ( E-4XZg ) @G
@G -4X .) F
EZg( F . ( izc),wZizc;
[ V** Vzm,

32 31
 A\N F sz^~!*
X v F -ZtX
6,
7Fq VgzZ D ` Z Z 0* M0
~{ ~y + KZ ~i Z
ii p z gzZX
H
X
Hx H
gzZL
\Xg~ V:g @*Z6,B ,w F
O% F a
*t pa
Z Z ZX F Z)~ V b
fz W, @ {!*
1X R,
g Z g Z ]gzZ ~g \ Z y
Z-
V [ x **
X
ghZz !* ) Zgi" M X
7gzZ rg7~y
+Z a t a
B } Z { LZ
V*!*
/gi y{gzg[Z
6m<^ ]!R,
yS ~y*G  M~4Z,
g ZVa
gzZ 0*
X
D !* g ~ Z
7bVa
x zX F N* VzL
X g Z'
Tg D''~ Vzh N
@ gzZ@X ~h !*
kc*
~|X FZ ;~ V Wzt 1X
/% yS g ZT
X N Y Vc*
VY YkvV Y lg !*
VX
ZF Cz {(yZzx~ i{ ]!X
Tg ~C
X @* i

6m<]r ~ Z ~g ZuX z x Vzg Zu 4Z yZzx Zg ZuLa~

c*
g ]!

,
y
ZkZX
D~g !*
W[Z vlz$
+: {e i ugi [ZX vi ugi Cg Cg z ]1 gzZ k0*
,w(

,
Z~[! gzZy{ ~i {kevX m1c
g FtZ ;J
- g Zu\kZ
X Lg @*

!*
M ~ yj
F,v\ kZ bZX
X g| # Bx ** ~fkZbZXZ7,
~g izz-
~C $jYKZx** i
~C

Z {z h -I
+%>XG c
d X g Z ,wZ ~G .@X
"y{ X
X
DYKc* ySzzV;gyQgzZZgG
V**

X \Z 1zZ FvgzZ ( Zg ) @>XG -I -I

d( l) >XG $
dd /
gi ~g ,w(;
V-  ~f~C i
G
,wV,wZ  !*
,wZg}
. iKgtZ e 58E, wZgG
,
X ~h E
5O_ Z F,
/O}}gzZ !*
7X F N* -Z ~
g X Fq
) Zg f
X
D
o i^
' 0y X !*
x ** M ~ XF Z) gzZ N*
g
6m<]a^:
E X&Z !*
7 C
]! L{X F yZzZg t 6,g ~
CX
a
0
+gt
Z(,Zuz ,wg~g !*
g ]!y{~ yZzg X g Z'
, )u
( _6,
pq^
y
Vz1X
!* /
M ~66,g~
/%X F*q
-Zt
34 33
 ~g 1 r
gzZ x M zS ~g t # g Z!* g { e vt
Z g Z zc*
L L k Q , wZy{gz wzZ y{X ,wZ zg
YE
# gzZ ~ ,a L
pgm\Z y*Ggr
n L
X
!*
M ~ !*
Mg VEkgzZ VC VlX
Vc* W* 4Z@gzZ ]! 5G
!* 4h!X
H0*
I
-dFq
gzZ ]ZgyQ~u g !* +
L Lx 0z ~y
bZX
~ g Z ),X ,wZ AXG -Z ~ ~%X c*
7VV7Z %Z
G-.
@*
{E B ~%gzZ @eX & kZ ~ ~
+ k !* ~ V ~ [X
DA Zq
W,wZ
-Z ,wZ
~g X 7!Zj kB +Z ~ ~ gzZ VZzg ~g 1X i ]zZg i Yq ;
G ~f kZX

iz izg O i Vf 
G& G-.
m,Z T Z E
gzZ ~ ~%~ VZzggzZ ~ i Zp i
X Z% i ~gi i
G-.
Zw T Zg / g yX c* 7!Zj > o ^ n:
Y
X Hyk B g @V- E &6,gzZ G-.
.G '
G ,
V;zVEZkZ7Z~1*?g F3.E~qz~,Z
Y
o X !*
0;X{zgzZ c*
W~lgzZ ` G
@* # Z DKZakZX F N*
wg | g Z)O ZO S 6m<]
X ; g Y 1 kZgzZg 82 $ ]! X F Z Z)~ y
z|t
6m<]f G~f~ ~g E g ~gZ'
G3gzZ  ?x **
\kZ Zzg~V|
ZZ)OY~y
X @*
]!2Zpy
Ft X weAZ (,
) Zgi ~1FtX

a
~
X@* i~g3!*
wEZwV!* iSgzZgZ'
,c
Ft e
^m +
0 g ~ ZX
!*
gX F N* W~ V1kZgzZ ~
yzggzZ 0* yxg4gzZ|g7 g D X
v
E $
J ?gE
-F zZ g I ~1Y ~ e~ y{X
!*-
MJ o2
V- 7Z Zg Z WztX
Tg ~|E{z kZX V tX 1x **
t VrZ **
~ yZ(X ( )
$y
{z !*
~(, ~g 82 WX ~~,] }
.Y /
gzZ: hI| ,
y{ ~i {ke vgzZX
Tg~ y{
Z {k
,e v
|X
V g e z V~ X
weAE V i ~1 CZ c ZX
!*
X [4Zx ** W~]gV-V !*
~c Z
,
ZkZ vtX V- 7Z i |X
Tg ~g 0*
gzZ~ oj
X
!*
W~ Z~(,~yZ(gzZy

36 35
 - [E}Zg Zu Zg ` Z%gzZ q
m, -Z Va
+
L X3Z \ kZX F ZhZz \ 0 MZ g E
g !*
/
X ;gxuaa
J
-)
,j_ {zX
ig L L7Z ]i !*
X H c* -
+LZ VKgzZ [y**
~ VzE
o^] m,
ZFtaX E
z$
+ ZgzZx yZ
p
/yZx **
,
{kegzZ yM|
/{
/ s[ZFgt
%t [ZgzZX ;g: # ,
; gZ egzZga E~ Vzk Za kZ ;g sz^~ Vlg ?Y s
m,
E
X
X~i Z0
+Z } )~y{
Z u7 ~ 1859X Z Z e c* g p ^~ ~e SZzX
yD

n^m [^ : ~x~ga 7 Mg **
kZ c* E (Z L L:
zf 
E^
X
!* , z% y1
W~ V }g {z@gzZ -ZX (9) '
X ( Zg ) h N { : t y gzZ q : 

v{u\kZJ ( y

- ` W ; M ~~ ` (| M q
** -ZX C g ~ e
Hc* $gzZ q
-Z

~g Z !*
( a
h
+].\ M %a x **
m,
+ZX
g  '' DD` C}!*
Hc*

X
s1!
yZ + i Z ~uz Va
{zc
tX
,y!*
~Z' kZX Wd s Z [a
wq
$ -Z=

v X
hZz
) Zgi {z !* +: {X x g
7lz$ ;=~q -Z
E^
X
D kZ~c
L LX Z4Z~ M y
Zk
,Z {Ft L L
Xs {n!* gzZ Sh Z 6,~h^c*
hZ Z Sh Z T

<]jn E
Y
H-E z =L LpTX ] ( Daleer) 8 L Lx ** . ^

Z]
g& zZ ~%s~uz @* ,gzZ V- g E
uug Z ) G3sq-ZFt
\gzZ zZwWkZ~gzZ kZ ZX
x ** rg Sh Z {n k QX

yZ V
Tg ~ Zzz wZG.G
2 ~ Z yO QX M E
X Z 7,^
~g E $X H4" V;z{} (,
G3VrZA y Z {  !*
ZX ~g Zi
X <~(, ** : {E+E~ ~ Zi M k
B s m, Z
X { C~y3g !*
Vzh N E
!* VZzg g Z 7y{ c*
M VzX ;g @* gEy{ Z !*
M
X ,wZGG
.2 y!*
i AzZ yS X
D !*
7gzZ ~h !* .2
kwZGG
/Vz gzZ Y X c*
g / g  yY ~ ~> ?q
-Z
i ~uzgzZ
gzZ ]Zg 7Z ]q ZX c
y!*
X 6bDz7,LZ
~f EX B: J
~ Vp  -lz kZgzZX Zw 0* Z X
X
gA{ \kZ ],zBbDz7, 9
YE8
2y{ ~^ X
 4 Z/,wZz$g Zz,wZ+ 5 E
,w hGgzZ,w!*
I ) G5E& 5
G
~" s m,
LZ {zX ;g Z' ZwZG.G
X Fy{[!* # y{ *Z Z (,
g Zr u~ Va

~V ZgVc*
X  - ` Z% a
zz]c*
q IF,
38 37
 ,
~i {k vg ~ [
-.gzZ ZgBB!**
e vt X Z ;J /wZz } P ; @*
, w(Z 2
~ VX} (,~f b wZG.G
\kZ bkZX
Tg~k0* ,
k WVzuuy{
Z {kegzZy{ FtX
D g Zua yZ ,wZg Z' X c cgzZ ] Zg ;

X
Q V1V[gzZuuy
,uu D C Z VzwZ GG
.2pJ
-ZX Yy MVt
\ 0+g kZ X rg 7z J - ~,,gG Ft ~,z 19 Zg X ~gY Z6,x Zzx ZyQ1

$
}g d
X ,w
ggzZg Zz ~g E ]
G3 ,wZz Z1 + [p ,wZH ;
 /
: \zt ` W(10) X ~ V7z
/LgLg~ y
wgzZ Vz
Zhg ZuX H ` Zg @*
V-wZ]m,
Z rg ] Z~Y 1853 -Zt X
g mc*
Z (,~ i q +{ yZ :
~Zg ~ :W
Z0
X ;gg u aVz0Z,wZ]y{ 6,x z ~ 1780 y{ gzZ ~%VX @*
ZFg !
f+ LgkZX
H ` Zg @*
FgzZ +{kZgzZ t g Zu yZ (11) X
HZg yZ0

se ~ ( 1486@* z0
B g
1456) k +gFt
)~ ( ^) \ wZ GG.2 gzZ ( ) ( ^ K) a L }
+
B y{eX (
D B0 {z) X Z[p
g } se  bD ( 12) X

~[~ZBV~~wJX
H[hgy
pn
X WJ - |t,i Z {zX )
-c ZgzZ J h kZZX F*{ YZt [ |
# g **
:
,
~i {kegzZ ( ~g1 c Zm<!* $ ) y

)| ( ~gzZ 2 c
Z kZX @* $X
CY ~
7gFZ (,[ZFt Z)~|gzZg 82
g Zz Y c*
^g7g KZ 1837 1835 5X F N* 0*
~ y{ z$
X *
+~
,
^g7g Z X Hf Va
k+;g ~ Vzh N Zz6,uu|gzZ y
~
5 o^n
V- f \wJ{z~
gzZ S Zu V ;g LZ wJ L L; @* } )~| {z Zz ~ y
0* ,
gzZ ZkZF Z)t
X cz Lx ** -Z VJ~h N ZX
s1( )c

T q ~f }gzZ~i Z0
Xgc  +Z Zi M z Z}X !* +Z
M ~i Z0
o3+ 6m<]n
Y
t Zz ]Zgd $z X [ F CyZ(Ft : :gzX H wEZ g e VzgZ a
~ t L Lt
YE G
C-#FX ;g q yZ(J
~ Zz Zz ~g E -s6,Zx V- F .- L L,wZi
 m L gLzZ t L L~c
X , wZ L L,wZ]:gzZ ,wZ E
Y
 a a
Z\kZ X c* x **
CZ\kZ F CL X
7
Y
ig bXK g~ Vzg ZugzZ]!y{x Y Vz(, C
\ FX ,~ t V yZ~ wFt y
gzZ Zzq^z'
40 39
 -I
d ,wg ;
t Z ~ X
 YE-#F Y
,w G ~f {g
H \ kZX zZ g E i}X
Gz kZ i}gzZ ( [ x **
C Fg b og)
C
wJ ,wg 8
~g  -e ,w
H , w
,wZ ,w  wV KZ ~ ~g KZFt X i z ZX
Tg ~ "
$F,ig bgzZ
H
-!
g @*
X
 \ kZ Zzi ZzE q Z X ,wZ!gzZ , w X Z 7,
* -Vzm,
* J Z {  g **
7Zgq ~uuX ;g\ M
Y
Y Y
ga1zgh Jg \ kZX m: LVgzZ ,w
g~ X
egz}g F
C Cy ZgzZ F
agzZ F C~k
B
Zzy Zd Z ]ZgG0
X c* + I
E p5+
&
+X !*
W x **
;FN* g
-Z~yxgF,w IY IY I4Y
gq t X Z [x ** g )gL~ yZ(X ( ~g hg MG
yZ ( c* )
X
!*
W~| X
D YC zZ 0
+g rgv
/d
yZ| 0
$ + ~ y{ ~i {k
E ,e X c*~ Ft
0* ~ yM {z|
/z Z^ y{ ~i {k
, ,
e y{Z {keFt
Vg ZG}uz X
0

 + {(~ yZXsZg Z
g f 0* c
vtX Lg~yZ(gzZ(13)X Z Z)
kZX
s1LC
~b Z6 kZgzZ t :V;zVM
X  i ~g ZugzZ S{z
X
s1gV !*
6m <^+ o ^5+
Y
a
pvtDgzZyMz Z^1X [ x **
t Va
D i hI.
ip z ;
t 
*g i i g Z'
Z} wgq
-Z d |
$ / yZX
Z
x ** /q
-~ Wz Z ~(, yZX i { iz( i Z% i$i
C ~g
YN
X
s1 pv7,yZ` M X pg-
X
n $j~~uu Zk
,Z}g tX
0n++ -^+
kZX Lg
z g Zu yZX !*
M~ yZ@Zi~ZFt F Z)Ft Zz Y c*
0* ,
~gzZ y{ ~i {ke yM |
/
) Zgi {z !*
7gzZ X !*M ~ [gzZ|eFt {z X
!* ~| bZX
!*
-0*
M8 M ~(vX
Y
i q -ZXg 7v Zz lZ IG.g~ g@*a
X hZz
6m<^:+
Y
H-E
a
x ** a !*
m<!* ZFgz M gzi & ~% {t ~
X @* g
Zg gzZ ~h y,w
kZX
Vzh N **
YE Y
5k5_x H-E
G & a !*
G X !Zj {%izggzZ wVZ[~ VZzg yZX
!*
M Vc* +Z } )} )~ y
gzZ | {z
\ kZ ~ i Z0
X6, gVc*
~ Va
& @*
0* 7 zZg !* $Zzg q
Wggt e -Z ~}g !*
Y Y
X N VZm,p
3, @ V- E .g~ H-E
&gzZ Vz IG
5E &~% {
G y{ ZzFtt e
W g 
y{ gd $Zzg o{ c*
igzZ ~uzX
42 41
 Y
!*
Wgm!* a
9~ ( ~ )0*
| (15)X
~g  gzZ {
{z B Vz IG
y
(14) X c* 2gzZ ~%
Z
.g V Z G.G
I
WgzZ: hg .gz Z { 
g " ~ c* [Z~g t
y{zSg G5;XZzS+$
+ X
( zz ` Zy
ZV-
g Z yYX
!*
X R, W~ g 82 X
~g
$ ~g  X ~ Z1
[Z~vt
gX
~g 
,w ,w bZ X ~g 
~ VX} (, +
X t~fg !q ~\
-Z V-g  !X ~i Z0
+Z } )~[gzZ|y
F a
t
G
o !y{X
!* M ~: hgzZ !*
M E !*
. - M !*
MQ
~ X
D~g Z gzZ ~g vt X
Tg~I Zut
X ]gz ~(,? kZ X ZyZu~ V
pg wDL
TgN Z V vt X
hZz ~

{z kZ1
n )yS X Z ~ gzZ !*
V Zz ]Zg~ V { MQ !*
M !*
M
z$
+ 6 0 Z # !*
+Z i q /#
M ~ y
 \z X @* j;ggzZ **
Z 3
X
s1S~ lWc
X n
pg7x Z gzZ Sv! bVa
1
s1 y!* { c*
ic
F, i
, i ~g gZu
X
DwEZy!*
` MX !*
M ~ y
t I M x ZzeXF*t p^:
YG!
bD yZzZg g yZX
!*
M ~ g ZTgzZ w ]! E j@vt
54h l , Z z Z g 0
+ X ( ~g 
ggzZ ~g  g
y
Zk
,Z)
,
t~ y{ ~i {ke XFZz ZM
h
+ ~ bD ZzZg X @*
~ tX zGtX
D[pbD a
}g X
`u
]!*
,
Z' Z X
Tg~ Z~(, x **
zZ[m, dx **
{ ^ -Z v
gzZq e gzZ Z@* ,
Z' x Z D ]' s y

u ~g 
VyS X c* Zz !*
g Z M M Vge J egzZ ~(CgL L z0
y
g  + g g D m: {Z @*
g a
X 7 ,
Z' +
uVz0g
k'
BB | a
yZgz T# ,80 6, yM G ~f yZgzZ bDg " bZX x * I M ~
6,x (16)X [x~ !*
g @* -hz^ g7 8
MJ L # KZ bDg " gzZ X
Z]
| W Va
`uVzt X 0*
.Z !* ~
X ~~ ] { ^
de ]zy ~(,
${ -[Z\Lg z x **
J c*
LZpt1X
D VZu4Zg  +
0g
gzDqX @* /0
gZ +ig ( \gzZ }gzZ Zi M } ~ ~ Zz i !*
ugzZ k@* c*
~g  ~ yZ X
gg Z
g ~g  '
,
'
.~g/gzZg/~y
~
X x \kZ~4z] X
D~g gzZ
Tg ~ V Zy! g F 3.E{z bZ X
Tg

; /
kZX
Tg~| ,
gzZy{Z {k ,
ey{ ~i {k ~ Z~(,
eyM~g 

44 43
 x ZggzZF,
X** VyZ}ZpgzZ[Zzy!*
ic
+
0gE HE
5N~ Vp  ~f kZXFZ)~ y{ ~i {k , egzZ|
E
p<` XR,gZyQ HE X

5Ny  qgzZ , w G g,wZZ Zg
57,w

@vt ~ ]g ~){zkZX ;g3,

R,
g Z Z yZ p\
YG!
X
!*
W~(gzZ]! E 54h g e J e X @*
{~  B X EE
Zz YgzZ ~ Zz k F,
:N0 -Z
Zq
) Zgi F,{ c*
gzZ i vt X ;gg Z Z yZ ~ i { ] wg2 ~ ` Zg a
X @* ]VJ
(^)** -iZggz6,V
2 V
/ gzZ Cg 6 : xg ~%Z X
Dg Z? !*
u^gZ R, 7 O{)zweiZug tX q~h

DC
FtVa
~Vi 5~g u
X  gZ X
D~ a
t X
gW(Zz x ~ ) lZF,
p^n X ;g4Z x3,
`ggzh
+].g0
+ZyZX {)z(g)
/gi (g; )
D Z V- g E
G3 y3g !* bg y
X F0
gzZ D +g -Zt (17) X
g}yQsw2{ Zgz ] ,yZg(gzZ ~

ZhgFtX F~g Z(, yO D Ft ` W1X

bggzZ y3g !* t ]!* @Y ~h L L ]
Z ygzZ vg 2 {zt
E 1 *

/ ~ \ Z { ZC
X Cg y
[X Z ; J
-gzu M + F,
M 0*
g t X @*
7x gzZg z ]yZ~ `
}g 
Zz1 kZgzZ x m 4Z z^g
kZX
x CgVc* +{mt X xzg ~ht ]!*
V Z0 EX
~Zg
g Zu ,w1WX , w@*
gzZ ,w ,w1W , w*
c @ ;
D { g e \ t X
D
1
Dg
D O i
D ~ ~ V- 
X : Z y Q Z L L7ZX
D YKg 7 Z L t
yZX zg S L Q
,
~i {k Ka g ZuweAV-g E
ZFkZX
Tg~( **
e Z G3 ]g E!z@ c*
~  /Z X C 7( x Z yp
~h a

,
{ke6,}u}uzy{{z|
/gzZ6,ygzZg7 XZgyMy{ X C( 4) Z {zX M7z~ ZG Y zZ kZ }
X
Tg~|gzZy{ G 5W.\Z +Z 7
" ~ i Z0 -  y
X
~ y
}g ~h
Zx?|J -q -ZX
~g E
G3~Z ^i| gzZ E!ze V;z }iu V l&
h gzZ ~ hY h b~'
, t Z
]! E 4E
LG e
&ZpX ] uZ {  $ ~ gz\ kZ Zz q mt 1 @*
~ X x**
: Z y ~h CZ CZ \C O ~h
B Z- ~ bZzZ ~, 1X g e**
yZB hY M ~\}uz
yZ~ yZ(sX
g " V- e DyZX
M
!*
7Ft 6,gX g @* ~ g@*a
VyZ Zz
Y 1x ** H^I x DV;zakZ
X gg g ~h E!zeX
X hZz ~g gzZ {zX ZzZ ggzZ '
X C ,x

46 45
 # g s: h N t
yZ X
$ " z "
~g {! z | ~g L L ~g E
G3L L ~VzgZ yQ ~kZ Zg7
gi } )~V- Zz X

Zl
hZ }}%Z yxgVzh N X
T e ** +
g$F{z& Zh H yQ ~ L LkZX
9g
g y
Kg \ kZ X
# 0
+ +ZVzh N ]
k 3gg0 ~X\kZBx **
i ~ {
X ~ !*
MgzZ Wzb X ~
2~ t~ [f ~%
~ [gzZ Zg ~ wwZG.G o ^^
Y
H-E
{z !*M kZ LZX ~$L~L M bD &}V Va
~ ~ !*
tX FZ (, +
Wh X F a
*t
 yZ([zj@ yZz6, gzZ G F ~%
g ~zb G yZ ~|X
D 2 Va
y 0* ,
gzZ yZk jZ v
Z yj
KzgX ; g:t Z [ZF~% Zg7 t s X
!* jZ
M ~ UgzZ yj yQX
3!* i ~g yZ SgzZ Z' ,X
s1c
gvt X
X
~g" b gzZ Z
Z VlB #
@}!* /uw
+;
G ~f kZ X Lg ~
( i + ) : Z yg Zu
ig Z'
F~%[ZOX Z e ur~* ~g7 B]~g7
~ a
C JI
d
,
k i iz ;- i  ,wgig Z'
)\Nc Zgi Z@ - VZ%
E"
| X @*
{g ~ x : Zg Ztu?}~%X W ~% IC Y c*
0* i E1E Zi ( i Zr i H ic*
igZ' iziug
c TV V {z {Zp1X ~x ~Xu}gzZ~ x weA}
g
X i + +
B V4 Vzh N LZgzZ LZ \ LZ w yQ V o5^
X
D YG!
~ E { c*
,F,
54h FtX
s1 ~Z' iXF*q
E!M
-Z b -oO
5 Zg y1 m,
Z Z
# M ~ZzB Vzm,
Z ~ 1839~% {z7X FI Z X
!*
) Zg !* M ~ b ZyZg gzZ1H
~%^ 6,Vzuz ? *
,Y** s>{z1X ;g Y 6,yj
@Y VY# jZ
:
V- G~fkZX
D~g ( Zz sz[kz m,
g }}ggzZ
i M Vlm,
Zz ~%s6,` kZ WyYO?D hgVYQ zg
X ,wZgD
0* {z V.g LgLgg " s VzgzWm,
{!*
ZX c*
p
KZ ~I ~ Zi WgzZ 4z z # ` Z% ~g V (+Z X [(~(,
{t gzZ yZX FZ (, z kZFt
~Va
0*

X
CW6,`zKZ
kZ X !*
M 6,g lz$
+: { 4gzZ lz$
+: {~ [ y
~(,\} (,kZ Zg ;gzZ
}uz ~ ~%1X
 / ZgO
" ~g7 CF,
Z y b VXx }uz y
h N
ysg gzZ '
A , +Z LZV-%) / bD a

i g0
V **+
~0 7,3 +
X @* $Y V Zy q X
3" g ZgzZ K
M F,
48 47
 X 0* 5.~g X
D M ZzgzZ,wZ Z6z ,
{ (gzZ Z G X g7LtX ;g
Y YE"
X
D Mg wn , w0 +gg Z 5E ,w~Pqh
+ ]z {z 1 g Zuy{ Zi W g
C kZ ] y{g O ~ ~%
,wiyz,wf ;
 ~f Vom+ ,
y {kiz ~g Zu kZ 1 vy{ zg y{g O ~g ZugzZ X
H
Y
,wZm8 -j~F 7,wZ{8 -j, wZ ):X&, w E 4H
1G&,w, w1 M ~\~%y{+
( 18) X c* /~kZX 1 M
-g Zz,w 5, w Z H
N ,w G A-4X IN ~%~ gzZ !*
g h Zz >XG H'N ~g 8F OE
& FGN ~h,wZg Z' \ kZ z x ** +
M ~ Vzh N 0z
XgZzAgzZ iV{ $~ wgzZ H +
V _ ZrV $Y V
I
gzZg .gm{g7+ $ + !*
Wg| : hi^ Zg Zz X !*
M VgzZ 1
9
~y*zyy G 5kEZgg ZzX
g\ Zq -Z}}[Z~ !* W +
gzZ y; 0z SZr : ~%~ V1 g @*
m,
Z
X
s1c
gzZ
~V& ~%L L : Hc* 2H
y V- ~264 J.G /X E
"

W 0*
d g OakZX
 ~f 0*, wZg O V6m<]^re ; @*

YE
, wZg Z f Zc , wZ%, wZg OX 5Ng f Z d %g ; X ( 2353)y;X 1
GE
47
g O9,L L7Z v X
, wZg O HE ~f 0*
"NL LVp 
5E y ZX , wZ+gzZ X ( 2847) 5 E -Z rzgt!*
gzZ Ezq +
Z e ~h DwX 2
Y
X
X E
3. gzZ ( 2600)0 +
z X 3
-4X
/) E
(
M BG kZg ;
bDZz M C
 !*
~ Zg O ZzY{g~ZgzZgz$~Y 1878 Y}~%~Zz
&
+eX c* !*
M C &
+e X M ~ M y~ Z7 X
,wZc* /( TX1~Vge ZgzZ X1 \ wgi
ZzgZ ~%
X
D YdVVc dgzZ wgiz ZgOgzZXgZygzZgZ
/ wc* Zg;XaC
h** !*
gzZ h1z
E
Vwx ** TX wi g Cg ~Zg O: 6m<]^ Hg E
(19)X C-#Fy{vZ$gZuziXa~wgzZ]gc* ir!*
y{ g h J ; b wid
W g X ,w c* I.*gzZ ,wA
E & bkZ X
~ c
&X ~ V&F~%
X G-I
dy{g c* ~zg X Zg O Zg; /;
VtX
q - L Lq
-ZC ~V
) ,w!*
M ~g Z' MC
;
t Zz  !*
~,wZg X ,w;  ,wZ ):X& Z Zg; ; ~Vp 
~fg et Vo]^a
V;0+ M )c d (
Mgze !*
g ( c* ) iy{ i . (
{ (x **
f 0* W ]gx) f Z6z ug 8
d ~f Zg ;
-gz;
c 
i ~
X ( 0* wwi& c* M 2z) ,wc* I.* i
E g e( Zg ; ) ZX (
wZzX P ?E,wg,wg ,wZz;


50 49
y;gzZ y{g y i& "
$; d
Wgey{xd Wy. X zg 7S g !*
C wigzZ
MC
$ Z E:x **
hIE V0* Wz"
y{ X g y{g ;d $X &Nwz:d
F Wg ek QX ( wzZ )k
, C%: 6m<]
izg
!*
XC y. rgf Z ZB CVAX ZgzZyA y{g: d
^ g
W &X ( wzZ ) y 
}g
} )~\ ~%s: c cgzZ &
+e ; d
W zy{V X y{V gzZz M d
W zTy{g
z Z
X
~bD Vzy{/X yAgzZ_d
x ** W zyZj X yZj gzZ y{/
9m Cy{g X y{g gzZ
X y{/g
X%Zz y*zy >t
> X @*
Zx~ ZZt X Ve
gzZymz ( wzZ )? ;d
W&wzZy 
gw !*
x a
gzZ
x~k
B 
d
W zTX ( z )? Z g Z g
CT( z ) y  CwzZ?
** a
x x yZXK wEZ~ ~g Z
Y F, }
/# .BZZ LZ y{g y{ Vx d
W TX ( V @* ,
7 kiz Z ~ )X xz k
,iz gzZ y{gi
6 kZ~]gOc* ~g { (X @*
7g ZzH" %~}iYZgX @*
0G Y X Z%Yqy{x Zy{[ZH
X @*
(20) Y** ` Zg a
}uz {)zyp
F, !*
X ix ZgzZ i Z%;
v MC ~, wZ%
HY& / i ~ci {k
SZ e Z , ~V
ez; @* ~f 0*V6m<]
+: { V;zgzZX
~F~%gzZ - E
z ] O z$ m<!*
H"%
0G
-4X
X
Tg~ akZ O 4, EBG  [
\ kZ[X iz$i

p] X !* ZVzt
Z

g0
+Z x Z~ }g !* F a
*t
kZ X [g Z' wz6, ` M ~\kZ V6m<^]
Z ize1;
bD

X
tZzgH X iy {

!*
W yZX
D ! y{ ~i {k
,
e ~g Z' ~fT ,wZ++ : 6m<],
i*,w1;


R, -{g gzZ ^/t ~ wgzZ Z ;J

g Z yZX F Z ;J - ~Z+ MC
X  !*
EgzZg Z )
,X ,wgzZ i {k
,ez

X A yZx yZ , we!*
1836~g Z' X @* yzg
B ~g Z' ;d
X y.gzZyZg !* WzTF[g:6m<]

X
g D h -
` Zzgz g LZ b\ a
C $ZVgz MJ
- 1838 ,
i i {keziV{g,w0
+ ~fg eiyZg !*
g ;
 yZg !*

~ Vl 3p B Vz7,F ~gZ' X J
-u 46,C6, /,wZ e i VZg !*
c dc*
;
 Zz 
~ ~ ,wZg
Y &
I
y{g .gX
Vg ~g ZzZa weAv\kZX ;g {Z X iV{VxgzZ ig ZE$i ~^ G4D
5E

52 51
 ]! E4E
LG ) Z ]! { E
yQ wzgzZX wJ
&Zp g @* 5!zegzZ ]z Zz LZ~1764 y{G .nI
Z Za1V-g Z'
# )X c*
X @* gy{X B g @*
~bDyZzg \~g !* , we!*
X ( c* .nI 6,V- gZ'
OG y{gzZ g Zu
zk Qx ]zs~q
# Hq
Z - Z a
\kZ $Z VgzZJ
kZ ,wugzZ Zy g D h - - 1836,wig
{zX qx x !*
!* y{ Z- kZ
W **
L L~ Va
7ZX d X
G} (,
X
g D~zc]c* yZv VYFX
wa
oj
I
, w Z , w E 5.\ , w @* ;
V-  Z Z)gzZ N* -ZtX
~g82
g o q $ gzZ y{ ~i {k
,e|
E
-! E-z g 3 @* -4XZ g
E )G @G z Z g Z # Z i% , w ZR E @G {kZ X
s1 Zuy!*
D x ** -Z a
vtXF
i gzZ q
, w { y1 ~% Z Z ~4 , w E 5kG4X3 RI { g Z l , w X M7f kZ~c
XDq
G
, w Z S i {  58E Z / y Z g P , w u ~ g  o^] oe
Y
ag Z u V G 4h$ , w @*X ( 2 1 ) , w Z ) Y g z Z i { ( , w Z {z X
!*
z kgzZ ` ** M ~ k@* g g F
c*
'
3.EX
B~%p vt
0*F X } i g i g " k 0* y Z X A Z z
X
D
X !*
W~ Z ~ (,~ |  { z y
Z k
,Z y

o]
F,
~g  { c* Z]
i  Ft @e
.X zZ g 
.Z]
yZ X Sg ~ !*
W a
~)q
-Z~ ]Z| y*zy x **
kZ
a kZ yZx ** }i ( Z+ ) {ZzZn7ZX
[ x **
@{ 
L
Va
Z(yZ]Z|X x ** L Lg {z
/ -Z Va
B
gzZq
~Vls x Yiz9~
B @{ 
X c*
X i c* +
gzZ Y $N0g i/ a
eW;
x ** ~f
Vp 
m<^
EO o ,
yS y{ ~i {k
, +
eXF0gZFt [ y{ $
m<!*
~h !* ~ ZzQy
! fx **
kX 0 x ** \kZ
~ q HZ Z|t b bD a
v LZ1 #Z (,
X
D~g k`QgzZ ` **
ZgL
XFCc*tX Z~] ,w E$Zg ZuFtX

H Vzm,
Tg ( g Zu) weAyZ V
Tg ~ gzZ {ZzZn
`n: +Z ~ bZX g\} (,q
~[ zg0 -Z~|Ft1X

+y
zh +y
t [ZX Vh git ._] g Z )
,].x @Y zZ x ZO c*
yZ * @* Va
XX
@ Vc*
Y ~g  !*
Wg "
c*
X 7z Z yZ Fg Z(22)X g7!*
# z
| ~g X Vc*
s~bD X Mf yZ~~ F~
54 53
 i  gzZ /iX
bD Z LL D kZ n
Y
i hI.i i VZU Yq%:
 ~f KgkZ1
 ~(, ~g {z LZyZ~V; yQX

u 0*
}g y
G
.- ,wZz~h k
( 23), wZE ig b
/,wZg, w
iyZg !*
H /f gzZX }%7 u a
J
-Z sB; t X gZ ~izg Kzg
#
#
gzZ y{ M y{8
oC -y{ y{vZ Zg X g~V; pa

wV" ~ [ ZgzZ
Y ~ * zz VE!*
( Zz a
o]n
X
D Y +
h
V ` M X ~ 7,~ VzE
+ c
~0
yS ~ +g
o^ pg7z[Zvt~]g\X 7}
Xn
D 23gzZ
Tg ~ y
Zk
~g X
~V ,Z 6m<]n
gzZ ~g Z vtX Lg~ !*
!* M ]g Zu yZX
*Z{iZ ~ uui g Z kZ X FZ)q
kS }g X ~ y
Zzg 0* -Z
 X
Tg ~ y Zy
L LX
D
z yt X
D A{ ** }uzgzZ
{ c*
|6, i vt ~ [%ZX
,wZ~{ Zz
X
!*
M ~gzZ@ev X
~] Z Z~
6m<^j p\] n
( ,w I$ I
& ) FZ LE +{ iZt gzZ k
7 yZ0 ,+-
5 $j~ [Zgh E$E
F~h Zz
YE!
-Z Va
tX VzH5 x g T !*
+Zpq
{0 W~^ /gzZb x ,Z Z ~g Zu~ h E$E
yZ0 +{ iZ kZ
F Zgt (24) X Z ZZ gzIgX F
H { n D kZ ~ x c* /,]g @*
X ~g g~kZ ~h Zz
X c  ZZgFg6 E$X m1Zuy!* -Z Va

i q X
i mZgzZ iZ~h k
H ~f kZ
/, wZi
6m<^^ ,n
t 6,g~
CX !*
M ~ !*
M g[Z F ,w jg [ ~ Vy 0* ,
gzZ yZk jZX F Z Z)q
Z yj -ZF
X { 0*
' B g xXy{ ~i {k
, Z\kZk ,ev $g ZT Ie IbZX !*
gzZyR}6,] Z|gzZg 82 M
6m<^a bVa
Ft w/ X Lgg V Z yP }
gzZ 0*
a
s V @e X @* g 
Wf yZ ~ ~ z0
+g ) Zgi
X hZz
X Hf yZ~VZ
56 55
 E
" IN
,
201X 6 ;gE- egx WX 2002X xEG
5 hZxizX i E]X 11
+ la
202X 6 , 5E
;gE- egx WX 2002X xEG " hZxizX i+
I
E]NX 12
Y G
5 1X! 13
,
{ke gzZ yM y{
Z {k
,e Z y kZ X F yZ(
c* z[ Xuc*
beKZ VZ f
 X izg} Z Z /~ e ~ Z EG
F,
V;z Z
g q ~yZ(]X
Tg ~Vy{ ~i
-X 2004
360 X x,

*
171X@O Zc
X 1983X ( wzZz) ]!g @X ZX 14
+
0 @*
i# X
 ~ yZk
\ kZ "{  ,Z vtX
Tg~ Z
Y G
c* z[ Xuc*
beKZ VZ f
 5 1X! 15
X izg} Z Z /~ e ~ Z EG
F, X a
]VJ[8g Z+F, kZakZX
Z ~
-X 2004
381 X x, o u] ^m
Y G
c* z[ Xuc*
beKZ VZ f
 F, 5 1X! 16
X izg} Z Z /~ e ~ Z EG Y 3 .'
bDyZX
!*
W~ Y gzZ um, iN g F
GI +
E y0g Z lZpvt
-X 2004
390 X x,
/sfzgqiZg c*
;
~V7z +: {e
X C~g Z lz$ $Z
44X 2007cX@)x X x ~XuX]
.xg Z )
,X 17
G X igzZ i i i[
Z
*
80X y
g @ 4X3X 18
X x Zg 3G
248X J.G
H
2"
/X 19
.xg Z )
44X X X x ~XuX ] ,X 20 ]Y!Zj
36X [ ZX 1986X ci
+Z ZuzX (X
/X 21
44X [ ZX 1986X ci
+Z ZuzX (X
/X 22
104X a
z aX y{X 1
*
128X@O Zc
X 1983X ( wzZz) ]!g @X ZX 23
Y G 117X a
z aX y{X 2
c* z[Xu c*
beKZ VZ f
 F, 5 1!-24
X izg} Z Z /~ e ~ Z EG
X@[ Z 51X 1986X (
/-3
-X 2004
440X x,
55X@[ ZX 1986X ci
+Z ZuzX y

/X4
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/indexphp?title=chandio&oldid=478597990X 5

51X zzX y{ ~i {k
, E
Xg Z~g G3X 6
e g @*
Y G
-X 2004c*
, z[Xuc*
beKZ VZ f
 F, 5 1X! 7
X izg} Z Z /~ e ~ Z EG
213X x
H-Y&
,
54X@iD]!X 2004X bD a
X m E/x ZgRX 8
Y G
c* z[Xuc*
beKZ VZ f
 F, 5 1X! 9
X izg} Z Z /~ e ~ Z EG
343X x, -X 2004
E I
,
200X 6 5" hZxizX i
;gE- egx WX 2002X xEG E]NX 10
+
58 57
 X @* g ~LQ
x 6, L g7tX
Dtg q(B
zZnW
:(,su6, J e \-2
g "t BV- X ;g ogz$q
-Z6,
gZzggzZ ]g @*
y

]gX @* 73,  ~}: Z%q
-Z y{Z) V ;gcg2 Vz LgLg 6,V- Zz
IN
g Zub!*
]g t ]!* -Zz!*
Z q t) !* x $
s e /
%~ g ggzZ qx X m: Kg Z ~
/% ( L ~g
@* B 6,
k B x
gg]g~yZyk /X Cg (ZZ~Vl X CYC g Z
#]gsq
Y y&  - Z~ V%gzZ ~(,bZX M 7 VjZ gzZ V**
Y l+ Z Zg ~ V Z
B Zz1; 1
X CYk - x L
CV- J
: L 
L L 6,
RJ e x a

malgz6,
z6 yKZ gzZ ~g Z ygzZ ys: ]g /q
{z -Z Vz 'ML L kZ y!*
i F,) 1 r 
X Cgze^ W{z ( 1) X a
( x )t i (

@* zt LZ0gZ
hZzZ 7%
) ZgigzZ !* 7`
{%z
Zzx D Zg X @* z `
KZ ~ *
!*
~ ] ZzC ]gm<!*
~  3~ VlD
Z X @* x #Z ~ T Y
{0
+iq Z `

-Zt X : x Z
g~ ZZ Zw kZ
+z(gzZz}g X C 6,
^I Z \ LZ~$ ~f )x #ZgzZg0
~ x #Z x yZgzZ (  +Z x #Z 4Z X( bD )
$ ZZ kZX @*
~g\ e D a
X @*
Y
 z LgLg\W
/ZX Z96,V0  yZ0
+  +{x **
ZZ
.
X Sg[_ gzZ @* Zq
gZu6,Ka k Q N (Pyramid) x ZC
Z  @* -Z Vz
]^ gzZ Z~(,Ln +zg N Y D Mn Ka x ZwZ kZX Z ]Zg (Z
L zg$
`
KZ uZ Z X
D x #Z ** Zg0
Z +Z yZ0
+{ X
+ Zz D
( 2) X
Dx Zn

Kg Z ci7 +{ Z ~
M~ x kZX C yZ0 C
~ g Z D1 @*
-ZC
q ,c \
( g Zu )&
gzZ \!*
V ~ z$ +{X s zZ s\!*
+: {zyZ0 gzZ t 7gzi6,~'
, ,D~x kZX @*
Z' x mq ,c
-Z CZ &
Wz ~ N gzZ ] 1 @* 6,V : ( ~ f 0* L ) !*
g ZL  ** uyxg Vzg7 LggzZ } (,~ gZ q
F6, qgzZ 46,
F -Z
g$
4) FW ( !*
Vx) &
z wZi L L~ G IF
Z " )\!*
( W_ ) V X @*
( extended) X
zpN X 7
$ -!*
r c* &
L L~1 @* L L0
+z{X
D ( ~ g7 \z
/kZM \z
/  t U Z6,g( ^1
C

60 59
 ,c Vz&
& ,cyZq , cV Z0
-ZQ ~ Vz& +{Z ZX @ L L~uz C -Z V q -Z~ ]g+ZX ( ) c` !*

&
X @* , cL L\C
gzZC
vC
bkZX
C gzZ @* Z Z _Z'
, B _ E
L L X @* E L L L~ V b
7NL^
mJ C ~kZgzZ V X CB J
-Zih 9 L L zZ X ~ Z c*
g9 L L
~f LZ wkZX @*
~  D~f )LZ {k
Z (, (  ,ez kZgzZ z F,c* L LV gzZ ** 6,L LV **
C ** V V X
T @* t}g7 g Zu C z
Ozg{ kZX C~\ c* Z e Z egzZ ~ e Z e ~ Z e Z e @*
Z e Z e\!* X
D J
\ !* -ZE2E
.G"F,c*
-Ziz F,L La
J
g *6,ukZgzZ C i g ( 7 ` @*
\. ) ~ g *6,kZ~ 7p Z Z ZaR gzZ c*
@*
X
D !* !*
gzZ**\!* gzZZ e Z e6,\!*

#F
N
g * }itX Q ZGYz }i Zz ~ bg Zu{k
, pg Zu
+!*
ezX k0 J a c e ~ kZ gzZ eeX C -F
-Z ip ** c* L L \!*
z F, X D
X YYH7Q CYCvB -Zip **
XJ ,
kaJ
-Zip **
gzZX
D B
~\ LZc*
@* yZz @* Z ~ ]gm{ k
Z
X @* ,ez -Z ]g1
D a3,
q \!* ,
V k Q ( _Z') %
X @*
\~f LZ~x ~g7X @*
Vz +{0
~yZ0 +z{k Qak Q
z~ 
V kZ @*
Z

] X C B g
KL L~ X
_Z' ,z L LQX Cq -Z
IGI
* Zg ZD
/m? Z
@Y \z k ~ V y{5
~ Z y X Cg K~d W X 4] kZ ]ZQ L L~ 0 +z{
E^ E E
[Zp ZgZtgzZt)X * ,
@Y { Z'u\} (,
 g Z tZ X gzZ
D Z L LaV ^ZgzZ
D ^Z L LaVz e gzZ d W
E E
X (
` uuz L L0 + z{ d WuuzgzZ @* B uaL L LlbNX ^ZNa ^Z

~\Zz' , ,kZgzZu kZX g Zu6,Ka g ZD

Z' +
:W0 ] Zi L L0
z{VzX @* + e X
D J
z{ c* -Zi7 c*
- Zi
J
G+G X
D _ Z f L L~
X '
rgg Z ,)gfVzk , ezV 3B LZ W, 7Zuz
Z CZ6,F{zX @*
V *u {z g ZuX @*
`# )g f Vzk
,ez g Zu gzZ{z\!* g Zz~ w z ZGY ~uzgzZ 7}i3,
X @*

'
}Y gg Z g]Zg (Z gzZ Dp (
,Kg Z KZ {zX
3Yc* +
Y%z0 7z~ ZGYz! { Xzq
z{ X @* -Zq
-Z V

Mq
` # J
-ZC zZakZ X
-n6, rg ] (ZgzZ : kZ
/ZgzZ ) V0
+z{ ZGY ~g gzZ * 7z{
@ Y c*

X @* ~
C X C~Vz( V
E < 6m n
D7ggzZ {zV G LZg Zu6,
58g Zu  g
gzZ a
) bDx {z%ZX } g Zu\}uz e KZg Zu ZX X
&
,cL L& @*
g7c* ,gCq
vg) -Z yZ0
+{

62 61
 } Z {kZ c*
yp Wx yp  g Zu~ ` Zzg a
X Z
/7`w{ Zg
H& Wx {k
~\ ~%~ ~ X k ,ezX { c*
ik
Hg e `
gzZ h g2 DV X CZKZ g ZuJ -wq Z
G I
.2;X\ ~V-{V;zX CY ~ N Zw KZ)gzZ: Xz Z
:HyV- c3,
yp `z% ( ^ ) G
g Zu
9zg 8000''iVzc* v V; z Z c*
@* nz p uZgp LZ ~{X @*
** wZ e ~
Y c*
-9zg 7000 4000''''''{k
J ,ez X **
3g]Z
( 4) 9zg 2000 '''''~%x @Y g Z g Zu L L V Zz m,
X * C yZ X x m,C CZ g Zu
/LE Q ~r$g Zuk0*
&** kZ X rg ]Zg(Z Zzm,
C
\ : Ozgg ZuX @*
: VYgzZ zZ x g Zu~ Va

~gYp] Z @*
@* 7z] Zs{zX
V\gZuX 'Vpx W YZ
A
~T @*
iZgzZ @* zVl~ V itg M *gZX
~ V Zz
a
q
; x azb #
-ZX @*
( 3) X }:7 ~
$
-u YZg 
& VW
gzZ ]g Zu LZ {z t U Z
x ~g Zu Va

GE
(
3;XE W w r
Y
z ( x Z Z i Z0 -u ]o
D x Z Z
+Z " gzZ xt X J
$
-/
lZ x g ZD V
Zzz zg ZMZz wz { Yg Zu:gzZ @*
@* 7 ];z
:F,
+I gzZ {h
{h +,vZg Zuq
/
' - 4, qzg x Z Zt
bD X @*
,

{ Z'uV mZ {z
Z !*
pg yZZ6, #
n ZZ
gzZ zg ZuLZ a
X ~
nyyZ

# `{
bZ ]
wgzZ zg Zu X
D& kZ Z { Z gzZ

yv(

X
D[yZvVzg ZD
7 M LZg e Z' 6,g: g ZuX C
,kZc*
Wg g Zu L LX
/% -z pgzZzkZx Z{z zzZ
% c*
{ n`lg !*
8a1C7 zZX
$ c*
Zc* @Yg ~g F
*
g Zux Za
I kZX @*
qz iwzZ y{ {
bDX CY ~{ zZ $
Vz k0* +gzZ Y ~ n%
( 5) X D w EZ
L LO
s]g Zz Ws g Zu~ X
t +Z BV+Z
X Z qz M ~z !x Zg tg Zz
x ~g Zut BVX _ ~ V Zwu**
]!*
zgq
x 6, g {z ~gzakZ X @*
g Zu q Z V
X
#Cc*

Xn5gzZ M
64 63
LZ ]gkZ~X
} } L L : q
-ZX}g
/ Wm,
Z m<!*
X 0{ Ozgq $g ZuCgCg~ bD a

-Z e
Y _q -ZX g c*
-ZX gi q g XL LZg zgget X V Zz } /Zp *
sV {z kZ6,]gZuX
CZ (,
@Y0_g ZzkZ g
+
X h x **
q x **
-ZgzZ w{  -ZX /Z
q { YZ wZ [NZ kZ : ]g Zz ~'
i p , , w Y
a

Z'
]gZq
KZ c* / zg Xb } kZ y{L L
-Z *
( 6) X @ Y
]aV ?{zX g
Cq-Z~X }yZ 3Z {z} e kZgzZX -z ]
'
,ig ZuLZx Z C 6
Hc*
Z g
/ ]gX c* Cq !*
-Z ~ X Z (Z X  -1
J \ M ~ X
D tZzg g Z dZ~}g !*
D g Zu\C
ZgzZ k0*
C v CzggzZ c*
g6,yZa gzZ , w^ V /gZu\ ~% }X
gz'!*
~f CZ7gzZ ][Z t }: }
X
NZ Y 7L LC
X }HvX x ** C
+gzZ { n c*
$ /{zX
D7

+Z ]gzpkZ x ZV [ZX 
/~ i Z0
-|z VmZ X Z 8^n |
# g
/ V;z {z Z
# +/ 
v X
D Y J - +
/L LZ y{ w{o
Y

/L LZX ( ;g |z CZa k Q|
# g
/V- )X ;g
/~a - Z# ~X IG .g{z
X H ^!*L Lg O M \!*
T ~
H
#  zg X V_]6,\ ~% ~g Zu4ZgzZX
Z / kZ y e
$Zzg H
5k$g M  kZ Y7 ~}g !* kZ ,wZ Zc y{
/Z Y _.
$zZ q i VAz!*
-Z wC .
[ZX z !*
$zZ q g
-Z wC C ; ~gz**
Zp#Mg
X
-V= ? Y7 gO kZX h-gq
~{CJ +
-Z \!* /L L
`gv M yZ0 W[%
+{ X ZZa O6,gCU*
qg Zu~g Z' -y;gzZ ezg OU*
g~{ CJ -0
Z ZgCJ+z ~ g O?M
hg
** wqX Zg Z%6,
tC -eZ y
M JJ{z c*
}i7 +e c*
X ZZa 0 $X Vz 7tt }g v Zl
Bg O {z A h-g CZ ?X V Y
kZX <z s Z} ~g Zut gzZ { [8 Z}
.Z ~c c* .{z Vg
/X D Z }0
+g ~ y;X gg ( ,
/{ C) c
g /_
kZgzZ {zp Y r kZ ~V  .t g  gzZ X D }0
+g **
$g ~ XX k} (,} (,
2
`
 @*
w ]z ns yZ +{
YowyZ0 ~V- h N D Zl
77~ kv~ y;X D V KZ
tX n Za Zp Zx}uz :gzZn :
+{ kZ @*
yZ0 X D Y
ZgzZ u J
/YB ~V V #
yZ L LgzZ C , } }g  ~ KZ kQ X 0* -Z L L
~ ( P )gze q
X (7) X Cgxk-Z]zns yZ0
Hq +{ ~g vV @*7 M V;z ~ Z e 7Z Y ?X
g
Zl
I ] g ~uz 0 g Zu
X
C n ~ k qzg c* zg xg e V;z g } Z
# {z X N Y 3}0
+g:gz X Vz

66 65
 HY&
34X 1999@ ~c `
Zizcg Zu& )gzW g Z' @ g *6,ug Zu 6 ~ V G34E}
g X 1988X }p}uzgzZg Zi !*
64Xg] X Zug IX 6 ggzu M`
{z gzW g !* @Zuz X k0
+!*
( @*
gH ]gzx {k ,
ez
s W;gE- 9a^g m,
Sy 0*
X yZ 4, L [!*
wzgL$ g ZX 7 Y
H-E
vg ) ,yZ0 +{g ZukZX k0 ~ &{k
+!* ,
e6,kZ
71X 1X 1990X y

H-Y& H-Y& , w
gzZ , wZzq i 4, ~f E
Vp  -4XZg Q gzZ X CW ~g !*
@G
101 X@iD]!X 2005XF E EX 8
X m,
39X E X 2011Pakistan, A Hard CountryX w**
ZyCX 9 ,
zgq }k \ kZ X
x ,Z9
ez Vp  ~ g *}k
,ez
Zizc ~gz;;
D ~ g * kZ g B K M F,sf
I
+Z \ M (8) X H
{ i Z0 0G E
" %zy , wc*5_ i H,w,wZg0
G + 5.\,wU*
,w E
~c
X CY~ ~g * :gzWg Z' /Z,

: Z y g Zut |Nq
]gzZ Z~FC -Z~Va

Y

Zz~yZg { F
C yZ(iVAz!* gz$ g ZVz
~%X @*
H&Y
Va
p -E
0+
g / gi g {znZ X @*Nt 6,
D Lg~ Zy{
X
V
{
Z c* / ( r F ~ y
CZ
(9) /
X \z

]Y!Zj
E
E&e ZZX 1
136XX

,
9X ~eX *Z'ZX 2
71X X 3

,
xxxi6 ;gE- egx M A Journey to disillusionmentX i !* X4
~g Z'
wzuhZ y
!*
!*
L L[)
, X [!*
C -Z ~ Zi M q
q -X j_)
,X 5

68 67
V; a
1X
[Z KZ x 6 gz EZ kZ bD b Z gzZD -3
zzgzZ q
X (D {z ; $ -Z {z us
# z 1kZ
:g~
c* q\\z lg- B EZV
q mzk F a
X g W V-6 gz ~ |
# bD

L kZKZ]X
C ] KZ (X
,izgF:
gz$iz' \gzZ c* ~\}uz z T A 7(Z
X Z: 

X @* Z\}uzFq
+Z LZ Z
1wJlg0 -Z :
L X @*
Y@*
GZ { c*
y M -Z c*
i q q !*
-Z Zz M C X5: W~ k Q Z
C

t & a kZ X @*
Y e~}g !*
8-ggzZ {W : Rt  ~ 
L
L gzZt Z yZgzZX ;g @*
0*


X ( (~ ik QX
CSh$ e
+]qZ6, . !*
gzZ
D Y[_ /
\z / -Z L L Zz {oX
Zz M 6 gzZ {z 8

i ? y? y\!*
k]gzZ ? s1y!* Zg v Y7wZkpt M Dgz Vu bZgzZ V u

X
{WC Cq iz\  @*
- Vc* X ? b
CZ {zC 7Z6,y| Wq
~ kZX @* -ZtX
DcZz}g e q
-Z M

all{g !*
zQgzZ !*
0*
1z~ k
B \ 5 Y~H C
gzZ a
-Z g Zz dZp ~VXVa
X
g w A

V]gz eg !~ }g kZ [ZX Zzga k

B DgzZ q
-Z }g X 7aZ ]g ~ Z1 @*
* q g

6, ! L LgzZ }
~ V Zd m4Z ?V Z L LxgakZgzZ X t X ~ Z6, ~ 
B ,]!* L LZ bD

.~\gzZ g X yW~ bD}uz v V !*

D [_ igzZ VYZ ~(~ LZ t L LgzZ V Zz M 6 t
/%Z _ Y y

gzZ}iDy
z { Zl W gzZg DVc* V X g
g ZggzZ { ~  -~gzZ gJ
jV{ M yZ Zz q -V Zl
7Z

0g Z
-V- g Z)f D bC
( 1) X 0 gzZq
X 0a
x HzidCc* q
gzZbkZgzZ-Z \ZCgCg {zgzZb

ngzZq

x4, -Zta kZ,7,7~6Z Xgx HzidVa
vZ

C\NL LgzZ -Z L L{zC

8z~~g ZzZa  a
F
X X Z
# -Z ;g Z6, Y Z ~XBB g Z `

gzZ q

gz ko ~kZ 1X
a ~zg ~' e !*

** {z ^5T Z ~XkZX ^dZz

C" x s L gLzZ s L L yps L L(TX x ~gz

~g Yog Z MZ ~ OZgzZ (Vzg Zu Wt~p~(,~uzX Z

gzZ]
$g Zz
yZV {Z~ Vze o#~ h WTgzZ { _(,7 kZgzZ
Zl
kZ i weA X D F,
og weA

Y1gz4z]
X @* . C4 qZ kZ 6,V i hZ Y| (,
]yZX

~f q
c 1Fgq
-Z ~ Va
~g Z' -Z
O X Z e ]kZ ZxOzgQX f(,

70 69
 X c* g M ~ygzZ a
z0
g +gX C Z l L L c 
q
-Z F~ bZ (2) X  x **
Z
G
~t Z a
**
` MgzZ D /E
~%{z t
5Z ZgzZo  ~" gzZ K }C
C b dZ ~g c  kZ ~ Z
g @* ,q
gzZ vg ) /0
-Z\ ~%(5) X
gg Z +  ~% L L
i ?N* ~h ** ggzZ ]MZg Z ~, kZ VN L LyZ e X 3
c*
-Z~ Z Zc\ kZ y Z Zc y{[ yZ
M Z(Fq ~ [Z lN L LX ~ s yZ J jx Zgz Z 0*
- ` W c*
E
gZg g X ~g E
y  G3Zg ~%g ZzX c*
M C9O
( 3) X
z \ E

X uVc* ~ Zg O[ZgzZ c*
iz yZBZggzZ
 Mg~ ~% pX Fy3ZxYyWZg ;gzZ
/X Zg OZg ~%
~%X q~ iq -Z c*W yMgzZ Z 5, ~%
~y kZg ~ VXx Zz oZOgzZ Zz WC !* ~ ZgO
, ~,z19(6)X
q
-Z ~ fFz F~ygzZ E-
@G \ W0 yF ~ Z7 xX WE
~ V iDqgzZ X c* -4X
@G gzZ Z
qz ~ ,z 20 ~% z X (  ~f ) 22 s ~% ~ ; t Z kZ W~ &
+eXs yW~ ~%z y Z
( 7) X
H| (,
- 35~
J ~ }g !* ~
V {W~\ LZ Zg ?zgzZ y{ Z Y X 

kZ[ZgzZ { CV; yZG.G
2 3 ~%y G ( f Va
y M !*
i .X  ~ Zg L \
Va
~g Z' C=
L yZ c*
p ]g @* gzZ ]gz ^ P**
zq .2(8) X
z t Z
-Z V Z GG Va
c cX
z Zg gze !* i y{X
{ M
!*
X
MC V 2 wz v c* % z Zg ~ i VJ0
IE + pgm
gX
n
Y
H&
Vz' VXa
) a
}uz g ~ F -E
c* x ** ~fz~ ~% Z+X 0a
gzZ ~% Zg M ~
XX

z Y[_ /ZeF E
.( {z 5!ze }) Vz
/}g7 }g7 t} (,} (, Z Z Va
V**
z 4Z
EgzZ gZ )
,
kS kZ (9) X
0 ~y { ~gz._Z Z Z [i X
H0* ~ ~% ZgX  M C !*i Z%gzZ i x ZZ~ ~% Z%X

Y &
-Z yZ 9]!*
gz ~yz q t 1YY H7t Z 6, g ]!* M ~ i y{ VxgzZ igZE$i ~^ G
 5E4D c d c*
/ Z e

H Y
/Lg{{e U*
{z gzZ E-Zg Z 
@G v -E &F ZizcX X Fidq
a
y Zy -Z ~%gzZ
y_ [zjZX
HY& .\I
X
M\Zgt * @Y~}g !* - E 5 X
D
E DF Z q -Z~ y{ ~i {k
,e Z%+X
0Z % +~ ~% M
\ kZ X _  Z ~(,Vz' ~y g0 +Z E 5!ze ~%~ 8
-jX (4)X
 2}g ~ Zg Z'
yZG.G ~%X

~|~: E
5!ze X {)z }Z'
,&
+ }X
~y x ** { c*
V i -! @*
~% bZX
ygiZg ~% G ~
C A X 
E
 Z 7X 16, yZ[_ .g0+Z LZV {0
+ !*
kZgzZ pFt X !*
M ~ Z ! y{ a
XK vg " \

72 71
 ( 10) X
HZ]
.F E!
5 ze~1845ZpXFa
g**
g Upq
-Z ` M
]Y!Zj
Lg~\ kZ X FZgf [Z
~,Z ZV
YEH
4& ~ qz
Ej $E
h M ~ Q C {gG 5F
7xX 055 | (,~y
154X y Zyi ~X !*
+zX 1977X Y Zs W{ KyegX 1
X 2001X ~N
W Mg @* X 2
a
X y{Z1X ~g  X D ~kZy M v
30XgiDyzD i ~g E
szcgzZg{ c* G3x **
gj@* -Zp~g E
1XF Z (, q G3
69sZX 3
k',k5 I m, Zgj@* X c  -Z \ ~g E
q G3gj@*
qX
186X AX 4
G4$ EEY -Z V- g E
gzZF~f q G31W bZ (11)X g D# 6,|J-
45G
156X G X h5X 5
0*
-Z EgzZ 
q q q
-Z ~~%g ZzX -Z \~% x ** Z
56X Marginality And Modernity[ gXZZ ZX 6

188X AX 7  -Z X gzZ
yZG.G
ggzZ F Z q
4X c 
2 hIG
11X zX yi {k
, E
Xg Z~g G3X 8
e g @* ~f 
X c  ggzZX t Zq X 
-Z ~g  ~f
56Trail by ....XZZ ZX 9 B rneL L6,
; t zVXgeZg @* g F)
,
72X AX 10 9
0*
{ () 0*
{ (gzZ ( ~g 82
$ F Zq
-Z ~wZ%) ~h Z% ~h Z~h )
74X AX 11
-Z~yZg {
( 12) X ( F Zq
hZ y
!*
!*
L L[)
, X [ !*
C -Z ~ Zi M q
q -X j_)
,X 12
F ~ 
M
-Z L L c  +Z b}g yZ
h{ i Z0
35X 1999@wzu
VXc*
 a
:gzZ 7 Cz {L LgzZ Z ez D
\ Va
c*
+Z LZ bV
KZ {0
g0 + q
iv X
zZ uZz-Z
~|
X
g D # VzuzgzZ
g D[_
.
Z
_ Zy M g D Z}uz\a
)gzZ a
x O
X` J (, ZKZ~V'
,| l, z$
e +

74 73
-Z Z
q e Zg V V ~g ax Zzz x PZ ` Zzg
# 
X
f
? {zX :B?g&+gyZ H~kB {Uw H ~%i umD a
X 4
E
C-#F
8F
X Lg +]g 'mgzZ ~g KZs
z$ ~uz h$
+tX ~g6t ;g 7!*
rI Va
k
B
V LZ ? ~ k
B g \ Z
# O S -Z uVa
bV
gzZ g Yg D~ x ~XuX =g f Z (,q
{ M k0*
c*
 -Z kZ V ;gQx~
G]gSh1 q Z e wX C Z wq
bD L L], -Z (? Vzg Y J~ Vzy
V M LZ kZ X 7Gt  Z 7,?gzZ Z6,GX g B x Z Z Zg Zg~gz kQa kZX (1)
D{g Z
k /6,g ^|g
?X Z : Z ]
~ kZ ~5GZ u (,kZ
# QgzZX c* z^g MgzZ <
) Zgi ( ~k
B ) L
L
gCzZX q
` Zzg? VrZ N*
:Zz H~%Z
# O QX 1 ~LZ: Z ]
( 2) X

rgzg n ]g X @*
Y ]g
g Z z._
X c* &  Zz ~izggzZ @*
@* az  u~ g @*
KZ , z
X ZzZgzZ Zgvz Zg v YZ L L? x Z ZayKZ z
) !*
X ; g
a kZ X ( ) g Zz M L Lk0*
? SE4GG
5G /V~%
$  Zg Z
q Oz w }g {q D Y6,Vl Zz Z # a

O X Zg ~
z Zz \ M gzZz \ M ~ w }g 7L L; VrZ F
E
C-#FL LzVZv0* Z 
w }gX D~ Z ~ Z 7
0g Zz~ Z w{q ~ k
B  @*Z 7,] a kZ ~0
C!* CZ ?
+e ** C
-Z 
kZzq 
~k
B ~gzZ @*
Y c* )g&
( g ZuQ c* +k
B
kZX i Z Zz~w Zz ~ k : gw ]!*
B ]!* Xn k0*

/ZgzZzq
-Z } hkZ @*
6,} h ~k
/Z ~V B
~k
t ~2Z mX 1z CZ :  B a
g q
-Zg !*
b z ( ~g e)Zz Y sFX * h
@Y c*+' z C tz
X F, -Z
)q * /Z (3) X g~x kZa kZ D Yb{
B { z
@Y Zg ~ k
Zq
# , w AXG
-Z b  Va

-!\ ~%~\C
YHZjVzg Z gkZzkZ
X @*
Z" z YgzZ @*
W,
6,. qzg KZ @*
**
Z yZz -Z X CY gH6, Z 7 w }gg ^
g e ~hq
ZKZ {zX @*
)g f# ZKZ6,yQp{z
~zq)g f# B ~ha kZ X CY g'
m C M g ~ k , , V
Z'
X MzZakZX @*
~ $BVzg ZyZ c*
@*
x Yz ( 4) X Cg YHgzZg " ~ wj
p{z @*
*@Y 3g6,A q
-Z gz yZy k
B kZ -Za k QX M7z Zzh
Hq B )
e:z~ ( k
ig&
]g % c* + qzg\a kZ Xg X Vzg c* o **
eLZ a
X 4 i Zyzg Z& DwEZ
r~ y!*

76 75
iagz M~ Z~ ZZ }X @*
Mg 6,yZ ~(,` M a
{ \gzZ UIz Y~
X @*
z q LZZ @*
` M 1 )Xn } g Zggz  ,
\gzZ {kezg * bZX *
@Y3ggz k
B g Zu\
g !*
c* ,z { nwZ kZ bZgzZ2
' -u ~zg !*
Zg 8 s X x m}k
, !*
ezgzZgZuX D YgC u k
B 
M ~ ZX @*
y ,*
gZ' *g (Zi^ ~ Z bZ X (
,Y** Z ~ g *?kZ vkZX @* Z(,vLZ {k
Ozg{ kZgzZ @* ,ez
iX @*
IwEZ Z gzZ MC 8x ~i !*
i Zg J
- D L L{za kZX @*
~ g *6,g Zu ZF Zg7  bT @*
b
O M ~ { CgzZ~{ M ybZX
J** xl L LLLB{k
kZ X @* ,ezX @* + Z ~ g Z
g Zh
* aD M ~ { CX @*
* +ypX @*
yp!$ gx [t ~f ] Z {k
Vp  ,ez {zt x kZX @*
x wfZ h Z
w z yY yX @*
X }C
gzZ ** J
i by!*
-yY KZ *
( 5) X @ -Vzx
7Ozg{ xlX J
O]g ~g { ( ZX C -
gxx**
X @* $ Z V LZ (g {gH K-e {k
, B
ez ~ i k
X @*
YH7O/ g ZX {Lk
Hc* g ( ZI)zy
** gHg&
X @* +yOa~{ KZ zX}: Zzg ~
g ; D TX Qy Z O ZzY~Kc* gc
g!* J X @*
-gC ugz,
MgzZgzq
-Z6,
gVXbkZ
~g Z k0*
TX ec
t X YY H7OZ Z~VZ *
@ c*
V mugz , -gZuQgzZ {k
M Zg t X J , -xlgzZx gCgzZ
ez xl J
X i**
6,
7C y
weA ` M D m X Z ._ V kZgzZ wj
W 5Z Z X
Z Z Zz ~ c

X
- ` Mt Z gi Zz Vza
kZJ ~gzZogkZtX ~g YJ
-[Z~
-Z ~ Va
r { L LpX
~g ZY c*
mq ~g Z rL L X e0: w 
} {
c* /VZV-}uz q
-Zt g ZgzZgziX @*
Z ` Zzg
e] ] o,q
XBq -Z * *%X CZ Z ~g c* tX CYg Z- Z g
HY& !*
C B [Y Hy
*Zz wZ LZzgg kZgzZ k
i V
$**
L LV; Vzm,Z yi { Zg L L~\~%gzZ rL L~\ -E
2ZmkZakZ(
-g!*
gzZq Zk 7
B a
aX$
q mX D H Z Zg Z Z~gZ msgzZ s }, Zz

{zv]gz}~0* +zwZZiaC

{Z X
D
kZ bg ZuX @*
rg Z S?N*
X ZZuz g Zu~
X(@*
6, p~\Z
mzc* ggzZw)
L m)X@* ,
zg !* -ZakZX ~ Z kZ M m,
, zQX Zwb Z Zg f q Z
Zzgz wX
g M * Zg wZ m Va

Kgz \gzZ tza Xbg:|}g Z Z F M

C :

78 77
 B [Za kZ
XZ kZ X  g 7=g f g z z ] bk Q k
,
( 6) X [~6 ) z~g
t 1: Ozgbg ZuJ Zg
- { rgzZ yD
g Zu~ ZgZx k $g Zz t b ZG Y~
B t X v~V
rg htgzZ @*
 /
Zg {z -Z {zX @*
w Zgq
X}OZ {z* Z
B yZy~ Z
@ Y v k ~Z
/Z
z ]\!*
kZ C {k
LZ g ,ez c* ggZu
yD /Z
!* ,
{k g ZuZ t X *
ez c* Fa
@Y HgHg /c*
}g kZJ
X x ,ZuZ -
wZ w L L ]!y{~ i Vz ~,Z
z)**
( 7) X ~} ^ ` ZzgzgVX}g y
gzZ H

]Y!Zj
60X@igi Y KX 1979Xg ?Y~uuy
Xy{ /w],
+R, Z eX 1
A X 1890X Across the Border.....Pathan and BalochgCzZX 2
}b
27X yXw ; hZ
H
310X J.G
2"
/X 3
62'gCzZX 4
H
308X J.G
2"
/X 5
36Xgk ; 6X 1996X ~g Z
YX Zug IX 6

156X AX 7

80 79
 Zuz
[!*

!*
7a

82 81
X 7,1~(,~(,~}g7{zk QX C
) Zgi 0*
X M ksx Za
a ZX C6,lg !*
h7rZ6,~h !* ~g ~g
` M6, g Wz LZX ~ 7, z !*
y 0* 7wq7Z
6,(q
-Za !*
7X
CY 0* 28 gzZ ,50
~ y
Vc*
gzZ . _ Va kZ $
6,VZ Vg !* 7 !*
M
-Z E% R! f[(1)X
q H6,Va
xg Dz$
+: {
) !*
X
D]~V Zy(gzZ~ EV-u7
+Z z I M a
& x (Z !*
V i *X
D YK ~ i Z0 7
` M D{z !*
7gzZ X
g M Dx t Z]
.Z !*
M }g
: ~pgzZ ~g 5~}g!*
kZX
D !*
7 bZ!*
z$
+ |
# 5Z ' mKZ X g R kZ : gzZ kC]gz
E
X C Z~V i Z]
.Z !*
M z 7~y
+ F, Z uE2 `
a
~ { } (, q
.G -Z g @*KZ
6,}uz X
D~g Z Vz a

}X
C M Vc* { c*/Z} X Z: Z6ZgztgzZX ;g ;Zzl
i wq (Cell)
~gzZ k yt
D M 6,a X
.
$zZ k0*
yZ6, ` W a
~ Z{ c*
i J [~1 ,  R
pg} hX
C M N kZgzZX
DwEZa~g Z'
,g !*
0* X A hZz u 6 ~ !*
W Z \W~ QX @* !*7
yZ e L )
L **
izg1996 ~Z 3)X
CY 0*
!*
X ;g Y @*
` Zzg `
~Xu,z{a
gzZX wqD $ ~(zz !*
4E
0G WweA
X ( q
-Zs~y
} (,
Z ._ X Cl=g fuZz!*
7V Lg~
;
hg~Vz
X c
gzZ grg **
C Zz s: @*
s: { zX @* Z ~ !*
;Zzl 7
vg~VE
X ~h ** g7KV=p~ (p a
{z ~ e
C~ ugzZ $Z
gzZ
Z
z wC +Zi ]gz!* +Z Vc*
zg0 ~" X B ,0
+ kZ Zg f  MX
i Zzl
E
45 _
} (,~ I ~% ._ mG Y 1986X
D| C
# z !*
" $X B: F,
g 82 L ! c*
~g Zi: **
0*
~ y
V i
z {a Z ~g u VzX g ZD
gzZ gZD ! q
-Z Z Vzg Y sz [k| Wq
-Z|0 g 6,e zI k QX1Dq
+!*

84 83
 ~zg C4~uw0*
-2 z ,g e ~ e ~ 1996(2)X g ZD
Vc* j b Vc*
4J5GG
4&
~ 1996 ~ I(3) X . G
$zZg ZD {, h
h gzZ g ZD
7 !* -(q
M S -Ztt Suw0*
y
| l,
&gzZ g ZD e g Y Zz VP~(, Vc*
g ZD e ,&
| l,
q H 0*
-ZX Lg I gzZ {g e Vw!* zC
yKZX 18 (g z ZZ kZ yZ e L) izg~y
}g7 (4)X.
L ** $zZ
E
X
j1zL L~c
z$ +: {L^kZX
qz$ +: { X
Vc*

~yt ._X

HL L Zzpg ,{ c*
i
V;zhz V k
Hlg !* HO QO S L L; T  vL L Kzg ~izg a
''-1
F& X
lp
u HX glgzZ Z% v1( 5) X
g C Z gzZ Kzg Caz ~izg a
a
T yZ= yZ X BZz yZ vZz?g ZzZa
gzZ C y ~g Z-g egzZg e C yg yZz@*
~  gzZ: C
X ZzVzuzgzZ ZzZ (,

'
Zz Z~} a
a kZ C
,gzZ # zgzZ
Z Vwk0* H } (,} (,~ y
 { i Z0
V +Z
~g nug ZuX gzgzZ @*
; n~(, Y
Vz X
n
pg Zzl 0*
gzZ
D ~g Z pvX g ZD W
u ~y
X ( Vz n) ,u L L
}
X
Tg ~ # Z}gy~Vg
.Vz Z
( Bt " gzZ x Zz : ` Z m,
Z =t
zZa kZ C ~
/
q ( Zzl
) wZ AXF
97t z %f c*
" gzZ ` Z%X C7 c*
 zg AZX

VzuzXWzgZ ( g Z Vz _ ZgzZ ]zZ ) x 1 M
( L LZz Zl M w )
, )
gzZ
B# ZaZX g ~ Z
,m,
N Vzuz 6,]Z
wZ AXF
Zz Zl 7
Y **
c*
**  +
`\h a
X
BvZ za
X
b
} h%Z y F
Zl 5L LX @*
B BE
GE & c*
~
# L LZz Zl
.$zZ
w M L L
~{zaZX B7YZ
X D7]!*
gZugzZ g Z } hz + i} h {k
,ezgzZg Zu 7Zz
$- C
. X
KM F, ~ ]g. $- c*
I7LZ vw0*
7X
V Zz x }g v {z Zgg z}
. Y!
HG
5 L L$VzX
D 7Jx~$q -ZX
( h-g ) X=&NL L
g @*
X @* L L VzhgzZ.
$zZ E
Zl J -V Zl
meq -Z$q-ZX !g L L$V-gzZ @* Y
]` ( L LkZX
X
wZ AXF rgw gzZskZ @* Y
V "t X Z (, (
y
p ZwZ AXF

86 85
 ( O 7~ Z AXF
kZ X
D ~ y wZ AXF ( Zz gj Ct s 7[ b ;X{wZ Z tgi" z
** z"
8~
X @*
6, -wge: Zy Zg kZ6,
gzzJ 7x Z {za
gi @* - ` Wt{z C c*
C4 kZJ i ~(,
B6 kZ  ~gz
g e wW L L~ ]g g jL L~ VEVzg Y} (, }g y)Z'
,~ f
$gzZ Vh; VJ HH7tz
- wq ZX
3, J
$X
D 7,Zl
X Y0g Z, a {z A -wJWO -Zy

g D ;!Zzt yZtgzZg7(gZ
{C4)q
T Y] ~ I LZ J
? ug j Zg@*
@* -Z wWa
-wq F,bkZZ Zl
L L Ug
C) !* ~ {Lt
Z' /ZX
} (,akZ
D Yg { c*
i 7Lg~Vzg Y} (,
a X Z W L t X
7Zz]4~ y
L L: D
L yQ @*
i g jL LVzg Y
X 7{ c* ) X D Y ~g Zz e {z ~ } 6g " TgzZ Y 1x
]` o%n !DiiE 
X ( ! !
g ? { ZC 4J& VCz}
~V e - V we gzZ Vz lG
C~ 7 nLg^t {@ g@* (
gzZ wZ AXF kZwZ AXF(
]4t s:~{ weAgzZw0* }g
E
# z
| ( VZ Q yZLZg@*
wZ AXF V X ~ VzZgzZ N gzZ @* z Z (, 6 }g7t X F C+V~`
C4
{ W7{z } Z Z 7t kZ
/Z Zz h
+y
w X @*
7g7Z
Tggzgz}uzq (  ]!*
-ZwZ AXF ZtX
| a3,c*
# z ) 7p
A KZ {z
/ZX @*
Y0g Z, q kt X : zg D yZ @*
X
D~
c*
z kZ 0*
zT }g@*
5Z Z g ~g {z g 7( 6,gz(taZ
-[Z ZkZX)
0: ]gJ
gzZ @*
Y 7Z {zX
wZ AXF( a3, @Y0g Zz z{z
gzZX * X 7g C4n~kZ ZtX H3g~]Z ZX m
@Yg @*
X * X
H9kZgzZg LJ$ Zz& lwZ AXF
( B  W

]` on !DiiiE ]` o ^n2!DiE
E-E
#
V2%X
CY ~6,( 44X ) .GV#%gzZN } h awg e w CZ ( )g @*
VX
a~c
ug j
E-E
# ( X wZ AXF
(
6,VwW~ kZ
CY ~6, .GZ # N gzZ} h1 ZZg fn {z C ~g7 ]t Z
g @* # gzZ @*wt J
Zl -wg e wZ AXF
- a ~ Z{gHq
w { zJ Z Z7S W
-Z
D{@t{zX @* ( VX
Zw X a 6,V- { z wZ AXF 8.$!* 7B
Vz { gzZ 3, z TX ,7
w 5Y 5Z Z 7 S W ( ~V3,
z wZ AXF ( Zc*
YHwC
X @* = )%Z3,
X (,{ Zp
@YH| W W~Vg
X * Z { gzZ @*
# Vc* z kZ~ V3,
~X @* -Z
q
zZ wW%gzZ C %Zt y % X *
@Yzaq (
Cwg e
-ZwZ AXF

88 87
 ~ 0
+i yQV: Vz
"g  {z { ZpgzZ 7c*
V Dt X CY~ .
$!*
Y Za V* W~g
X Y YH 6yQ x /g  X
$ ]` p] `m !DivE
76,gQ1 F,
!* ~ ) Zgi ~ V * ZzZ )
( ;Zzl
Xz" kZwZ AXF ( gzZXaz~ C~u {@gzZ @*
**w J
Zl ( V:wZ AXF
-wwZ AXF ( ~gZzs: X Z

Z`gz gz gzZ **Y k0* ( b 1~| &

V Z AXF +ZzO QO S X CY~]gV7~ Z{gH 5Z ZZ ._
Zl 7V x ** y kZ| & +Zz)X x **
V ZUZz **w ? z~ ]g ~ { C
Zl ( ~g Zzs: ; X [
V:wZ AXF
7y X
s Z e {k
gzZ Zl ,e ~ y!* ( {
gz VzyLZ wZ AXF +
gzZ 0i c*
gzX Lg @* zzt X @*
spBB 7,
/~yg kZVwx 
X ( g Z ! ! ahZ& +ZeX Lg Q
Qk(, c*
cVZzl
y ]Zg {z @* (  c*
7x ]b swZ AXF +Z \W
{i Z0 zZX @* 7,**w J
Zl -w}g7 wZ AXF ( hzgX `
( V:wZ AXF

+Z h-g @*
7q t KZ nZ X g0 {z @*
{ {z bZX z Z V3,
7w2 Qg ~
: {z X ga xg p- : gzZ M Z I : Z X

Z: Yw@*
E 6, -Z  Zh q
u Zh q -Z } z ~zVZg * V
C
u V ~x 
VZ6, a: {zX q-
$JDg izg Z +F,
` ** { c*
{zgzZ zg F, zzL
i ) Kzg 1q
-Z %Vua
&
+ ~g ZNah-g LZ Vzga Vz0
e7{X @* +gX @*
X Qy&: ; ZX @*
0*
(
1X @*
Q c* z x ~Z L Ls Vz0
+ggzZ @*
Y z Zl^ yKZVLg7 ^ I]!* -Z
q
}
# .yg @* ( ? Y y} ( ga) yKZ ] $
LZwZ AXF + w ]gV ( h-g ) X=&NL L& c*
}uz X CZl z
/ZX ( CY c*
) @*
Y
( }uz LZ kZ kZX Q7HH
wZ AXF
/Z X C **
"
5G ( V; }g ~ V/
k w X a /gzZ ]g
D %wZ AXF
** X y Z(,
k s k Q : lg !* :: X Y7 V V1 !*
L L Zz : x Kt!* ,
Z 'X 7{6, u0*
L LgzZ u
aL L
p**
et zZ } 7,** 3~ ]gkZXkvV } 7,
** x V;z mH kZ V KZ
]Z ]b

L LkZX ~ v ,z ** )
w } 7, KzgVz
Zl X @*
Y
X
*******

kZ ~ h-ggzZ g kZ :
D zg c*
(
wZ AXF (
kZgzZz6 LZ 7Zp{ ZpX " }g wZ AXF
X H '
uL L{z&~g \
, pgzZ "7ZgZ y!*
!* ( { Zp c*
i yZgzZg 7c*
g b)

90 89
 !x ZzL L YZgzZC
gzZ @* X qzx gzZ @*
Y c*tZ|0+!*
V 0* Z ~rgzZyzZ -3
Ka ]gzp 6,1 [8wZ AXF ( m{X @*g @*Z Cgzp ~(, t X
uL L #
DkZX *
@Y Zg @* z~wV-
Zg !*
X
D VZpn
Z{~ 
gzZ ]YZy t akZ @*
s ZU`a
-Z:
~ }g {z q /z C7,** '
6,g , }
i# . Zz +
D VZ `0 gzKZ y bZ !*
i c* + Av
X @*
% bgZg egiz {za kZ Zuz gzZ ,Q De $D < X @* z
~g7
Y
Zuz kZ6,
X @* WgzZ @* .J2 Zq
`G -Z t Y Zg@* #  @*
Z Z @* s 7I u
~gz **
Z
CY confuse Z {z CWn wC # ~g e " O 4,
gzZ [gZgzZ m, X
\
g @* L L7X ZgzZ s
b wV 0* # Y F,
kZ Z Y wja Lg
Z X Y c*  +F,
X
DY 6,c*
E - 4,
q gzZ
DYN Z yZ **
ZZz x
+]g$
$ +kk Cgz p *g ZpkZv {z
D Y
+]g$ YHgHy \
xV8gzZ @*
V# @* L L 7
y.6,y.6,~}g !* -k
~pkZgzZ ~q) LZ J, {z X $
+ CY ]Zy\X 6,(V#\ h-gVwV#y
X
C WX (._ ZV8 c*
w c* D ,z c*
= -Z)X
q
Z ww }g @*
~ ^{], Z z q
-Z d ZzL L
$ X @*
7, { c*
7** iX
D Z e~0*
gzZ
DVZ~Vzi!*
gzZ
QX @*
Y c* ZX
~h L &
;~ M }g @* +!*
L
D Y _0 3 Wzq @YZ Ug lpgzZ *
-ZX * @Yv B;
6,kZz q
-Z
D w~ M z q
-Z76,
zZkZ
/Z Dg ) t ` ZzgX
DY ~ ~g
/ 5Zg Zg
gzZ
D g~ MkZQX
ur
bkZ ]g '~(, kZX Ze} e~ gzZ VZq
-Z
rg ht {z e **
~gp
b ~Q 7ZX
D W7 :gzZ @*
/

:
. c* /ZX gq
:Zp 3 Zg -gZl'
, ,
Z'3{zb
q +ZZX CY0~h bkZX
kh Z~ Z ZukZ
-Z g Z0 q
** -Z 6ZzgZ A 1 x
$}g66,3Z 3ng@*
~ ZV- hKZ D~i !* ~hq
}Zz^1 @* -Z X n3Cgzp{z( : VY ZZt{Zp )
~gza O~h gzZpg Z 7X
@* '
, Vz~akZX @*
Y HgHy uL L
~gzakZ )r 0*
Y| (,yiz ~h @* 6,kZgzZ Z ep a kZX @*
7,g w
D ~ Z Zz L
L Zz g @*
Z
X A { c* gzZ
i~g 0* X
D W& c*
b 8k0* z ZzX @*
7,
8N*
Zz
ZzggzZ] i ZugzZ\ wq

} ]c* Vzg e6,"X
wC
L Lg ZizZ 8kZX
Dg E!

92 91
 ]gzZ-4 g LZg Ztu Q c*
6,J }g uX ~gz]g xg D Zg7 J
-
,
':gzZ ~h: Zz} 7,]gz: } : {g q
-ZaugB;
Julav & Saath
X % Z e
/
yiz kZX z Y Zz gzV6~g c*/
Zzg
`]!* bTX
v Z
^z
~x Z Z
D} 9JZv D WX { c*
ig (Z kZ1@*
7 Z
@* Z 7bZ
D W Yg ZaZ
Y c*
~ z z K
- { c* /Z
Z yg Zhg Z x v
i
X ( l7 C )yMgzZ y{ ~i {k
,eQ c* /ZX

D c*

g v m1Z
X
F # ''X
D
Q77X [w:
Dh
+y [ ~h L
L Z
/
e , q ]gzKZ} , q Z KZ v c*
f
+ ~ T CY ~ ~ ]gy y
8 {z X C g Z0

q
Zggz' -Z c* + Xq
Zh } $ -Z}q
-Z xn ~g1 q -Z }X
LZ V;zgzZ Y{z 7 t~ a
X x Z CZgzZ l
O nVzq XZ X
8 , J Wx w
ZryYKZ
X @* @B; V
zZX @*
H &6,c3,
iZ
+y
h ,q ]gzgzZ | ,q KZ? gzZ gH7 yZ
# z
+ X : Zzg Z Vzq wg Z0
~ V-g1 ~(, ~ g Z0 +
~g s{ c*+'
ih gzZ { c*
i ZtugzZ bkZX Z ` Zzg
$Z ~r Zz xi Z V X @*
!- Y} (,wZ e ~ uR,c*
IR,
wZ e
pX
~g Ztu& c* *q
Za  +Z* kZX wzKz
-Zg0
{zX @* [V;zX C~g OZkZ K
# z
|
: 4Z~5kZ6,ggzZn: l Z6,LZ6,gJ
-Z
-yb g e
Dt
7 ZJ -Z {zZ D
wq +gzZv
/Z
]!* e ~ c@ ~g ZtuXn
weAgzZ
f
` N y
s !*
gzZ * %~ c*
@Y @* LZ W a
izg/ izgX D Z
L gzZ1i g Z ~gZtuX

LZ
D :
X
DwJwq kZ
/ZX Y^gyYkZ]g 4
Na
Vzh N gz ~g ZtugzZtu VzX
g} g Z
s !*
y t7xJ - /Z QgzZJ (
wZ AXF
-g @*
@Y) k]@gzZ @*
* Y N* # X
D !*
WZg Zg Z 7~
/Z} (,X
C'ygHf
o H $gkZ~ Lg X V @*
Y
v gzZ m Z ~kZgzZ
Y ~ ~r V~| Wq
-Z
| VZig Z kZ 7xt 7Z ? HwEZ ~y
# z WkZgzZ @*

+y
X
D Y~`
LZ :Zz ~!h , q]gz

)6,4Zp{g!*
byZ c* zQgzZ
k
~ V {g ,q g " {
k WaY ( ~ 7,
CY q :ZVz7,k0* ) ~r7
VZQ( 6,V
# z
X
C|
8B ~z z q
-Z q ~ ]g {z
-Z ._ ]gzKZ C /gzZ
:e i Z  @* ~rX *
~R @YVZzgs ~ 7,\z
/tgzZX
94 93
^zX H{g0A{ yC C
**
ea leL L s !*
y yg e &waBw } i @* gz k5
L LZ vtX @*

CY V) ewZ e ~ /aj TF gz
%Nc* X ~L LV
~VZzg gzZ @*
Y 
L L VZzg kZX
J
-w2KZ
7e Zz a~i ZygzZ 
c*
cy Y c F,
wX @* L L& # b ; 7 aB} D u
W
D Y V~ 7,Z
X Z6, { c*
e` Way i 3tX CY X Zj}[g
f
;q g Yf(, $r &
+Ze @* n: zgx: Mc } :
C{zX yW
g /Z
o]\ 2 u /ZgzZ 7 { c*
MZ~7 w /ZX a
i~~r7
o] 7] >^ X CZg J]%Z x ~g Ztuwq X
o]\q 6m] 33 6n1a **
+y
h a3X CY qz 
| w
# z
:F,  @* +y
YZh 7akZ N*
-V KZVZg| Z Zzy&
WX =J
fgzZ X @* '
Y gzZ W~^]Zgz y z6,.
," VZg N* $zZ

7yg g gzZX
D 3xn vV'
, [Z1 @*
{!* -Z
gzZgZ ~ iq
$t

y . ` Zzg {)z ZX Cg Cg vZ Cp Kzg xn
gzZ !*
HC  X ]!*
t 1 +
X ~0 .p Kzgzg:gz |zX 7{ c*
zZ} i
+g
! ! C ]g$ Kc^
,X
H Wgz f WN
$r{z c* ^
gzZ i 7,L Ly Zz Za ~g
/g gzZgzZ $ h7 f[Z GI
%N
 ) ~F X
D
i!Nw V- @* /Vc*

Y
X
g YDT $ IG.j W +
b KzgL W0X @* /[pwZ e~v W ( YW~
YHx
7 Z X
D Y }h
 q +Z u  +yD a Z
Z y @Y}
V- X * /kZ N* @Y 3g6,L WkQx
W{zgzZ * YH
/kQX @*
+y
D Y}h aVz ]ggzZ%t akZX Cxiaq c*
gzZx
/ +ZX *
g0 Vq w[ZX g: J
@Y 3g k0* - c Zg
G
I4&
gzZ o Z yZ LLX gzZ%Z ]!*
w -V; X

( t) 7 ~| {g
/$Ig ZD HtX 7g {uX Z F VC !*
8h
wZ e~V7 FZ +y
awq
-Z Z ~^c*
_Zq
-Z~ E8N g
X Zc*
~h **
LZ c* /Z6,7 VZig ZX wZ e ~
LZ Y w A 1^2
V- X @* wq : (Z **
7,** +y
h #a tz X
8h+y
a ~ Q'~u lg !* ) yX ~gz%Z **
~g F  +y
h

96 95
 LL{z OwqX !*
Z y}g
D Y ~aN~h ** /LZQX @*
VZ 3 3w Zz~gpyzq
7,** -Z
z ^ k z0
B g  +g yyZ g @* Z3,
X CYxZ bzg Z Vzgg Z
/g ZgzZ Vzh N k1 BVzq ~g ]gzgzZ nt VZ
/
G
X @*
q-Z Z} .y SG
5 ZzV-X
DyVgzZ ws
X
gZ0 7 [ ZyZgzZwY
yy!*
+YX @* ~ gzZ
] L L ` **
V  +y
Z }h
@* Zpg ` VZB; ygzZ t : D 7y!*
L L~
A T gz yZ q +Z VZyZgzZ X C L L
-Z wqg0
a: c*
hgR]Z Z c* /ZX
%f 7 : t :{z X _Zq
-Z G 5 ( l7g- i ) O
/G
Zz %ft : c*
@*
I %f 7t : c*
yX X VZzg a
Y
g ZZ6, : L p
X @* %f 7:
L y / Z 7
z @* GG
X
D VZB; a6,
g~g ygp x L Vzg Y-5
5
Z{hZq
yX Cy!*
+wq
-Z 7~ ~g Z0 yKZgzZ %f~X
Dn~q 7a

} } p
** gzZ @* %fp= kZ C7,**
** 1q -Z%Z kZ7xX gzm: yxg] O
];~}g !*

y!*
 @* pA._` ZzggzZ C7,**
X C7,** E8F
Np~X @*
qz y AzZ ~g Z h
+ ~g c*
7gzZ ~qX H a^g +C

Z3,
3 Z }uz X @* yX n Y Hx
-~ 3y!*
q { Zg ~uz ~g6 **
~q6,Zz %pX J
-$
+Zh
+ 

e
X
f C yZZz {ogzZ gz ` Zzg ~q6,Z}uz1 7

gzZ
Tg D Wy} (,~ `

$X 7 {giC
vZ pA ~ vZ zZ3, g (Z g6ZzyKZ~FX Sg
X 7g Z
I5E
"
kZ X= q
X Z e 4N* -Z gzZz
/g? Zz !~qgzZz z ( y)pg x **
6,kZ @* %f w 6,Z E4G
7,** L LpkZ

Vz y } (,X ` ~q6,y / Z vZ vZ p ZvZ vZ p @*

7,** & a ZQX h 3Z a
~Q: ** 7

.gzZ ~g ZD
Z
Z} 4hIG
y v J
r 5E
G 4&z ~ w
y Zz Vz
F X y
Za yKZ3, /gzZ ' s !*
,gzZ ]y QX
~ 

X @*YH]ZwV , gGwg b v%i Z

X
Z ax OV- gzZgC

zq
#
uLZvZ -ZX @*
gzZq
IN
-Z g w: Zg 2
+ GE
gzZ 3!M x W~ y!*
X ! pgzZ ]gz0
+ +gzZ y
i D~g Z0

x m{ LZ` W1 Dg: Zg 2
+ Z,ZVh Z c*
V !* Y
( y~ a
1X C lpq
-Z ,z N Zi

/V-a Zg7
# cL LX
q 3
7V# h- g} ! r ~g Z'
,~g7 y!* ,,hz ygzZ ~i !*
gzZ @* KCg
:

98 97
 )r
X ~( m, - @*
Y!*
Z '
'Yx V#Z }g v
/Z ]Z?x **
e^_ 1 ^ c^ ^ a ze}k
, [Zp Z'
,
/ZX @*
bZZz gz 7
y }
** }
gzZ ** kZ **
%f 7 +
{0 9X }y WvZzO=q
6, ** -Z g FX }vZ ~q
-Z
gc*
} ]!*
Zt X @*
{gHig %f w X @*
._ {)zXX Y wR, E yZ' , -Z ;g w1 +
t z %f ~q $Y N !*
/Z EG
x 1J" Z 6gzZ +4Z 
4G X Y v Xz yp 7 }
vZ]!*
EgzZ ]!* ~qrg Z : e
E)rX @* /Z k0*

g ~ y
| l, /gzZ ~~q c* $Z ~g ( @hZ
t 7'X CW7e c* Zl 7 ` V-g F *%gzZg D: [Zy
Y J m
~gz 9 t V; X a LG,c*
hg 7gzZ c*
^gCZzg0
+Z ~A q - z z !%w3 kZgzZ z %f 7X @*
-Z X yWX @*
zkZ 7!*
kW tZuzX: \ 7Zz%f~q u) J m -ZQy Z:gz Zuz : {g Z
w3 ~X q / w3
G
ay 6,zB3 79zgg ZD
9zgg ZD i Z
/Z 7q
-ZX
~ 1 SG /
5 Zz {z: N: G,
zX N 0* V: k0*
gzZ LZ @*
 yKZt)
g 6,}ic
g ,h JX
D Z 9zg {gG k a
[Z X ` VZ
Y6,!* /t X
D Y

X
g D Y *~ ZVzg ZD yKZ LZ } hM X ;g a
X ( ?yKZ c*
~ yKZyYvZ FX @* " gzZBZ f "
{' 7 Zz YK wEZ w3
~~qgzZ CY gzZ c
q
^g z D %f w
-Z C~Z{z } 7,** /Z
7 D 3
3 ~" t v
w3t X CY ~ g @*
Z w3 kZ @*
7,ZQ\G,7Z
# X CY B 3
t !%w3 7kZ

/Z v,Z X J m
Zz} V 3yZJ -[Z1X CY bZgzZ ~ *Zo Z L kZX
wZyZXN Yg F
wq H7x:
+apg Kzg y0*
-i pg +gzZ %
X
D Y 7 WEE
Z Zzpg N* 24X
.G X 1t
 h
} l +!*
:gzZ @* ,gzZ c Zg~ yZ : a kZ
Z'
Y H x Zwy{i }0
+g X @* %f7g F
~gz,z **
YB
X Yc* +~q~g 
{ c* g FVw{zkZ ? %]
iZVc*
a kZ =g f Z(,
g ZzZa gzZ ~izg ~g a !*
7 zg Z \ wZ D Vw}X
7
Y Zzl
h N 7 **
O QO S Zg f ` ZzgkZX
H0` ZzgxC ~g ~}g !*
wC kZ X {)z**
/

; *
@Y :Ug +ZVzgzZ h N 1 x gp
VZP~(,yZ+g0 a

,n
f & LLX
A& X
D 6,v WF,{ c* a kZ X
7
i

100 99
 5G
kZ t gzZ G"  kZ #s [ f 0*V (, ~ H (
5E
G
'
X ( ~gzJgg Z ,V4)X
V*
K ( czuW )]Z :F,
kZX C7, K
kZ Limbs V 0* -ZpAbZ
M F,
q W%**
d
Z VzQ y
/ g st [fg 
D 7, b ~ H (B0*
5E kZ
G
, z6,~ G~y WgzZ VQgzZ Q 3Zg VzQ 4N*
Wy X Z(, ZtByZg c*
Y~0* { Zp~ H (Y
5E /Zq
G
h q -Z # D*X Y< - ! l G @* CY ~g _6,
zZT +
kZ 0 % **
i a
1X }g Z iZ W7
D gzZ z<
yZ a z
Y
H&
gzZ
+ $Y - E cg Medial Sides AKZ ~%tg 'V Wz q
-Z **
h kZ C ~ ZBV Zzg Fb
Y
H-E
{i @* Z c*
gzZ #gzZ
hs ~%V4yZ ~ :C & X 7]!*

u? VlD } V wZ e w$ X

+ kZvZ c* ^~{g!*
6,
gZX @*
7,** L L
ZzY!*
Q
!} } =V~, ZgzZ} cVzge%ZaAX
DYb^ ._g2 gzZVc*
 *
@Y c*
x{zX ~gz~
c*
Z(,yKZxq
-Z g]!*
A kZgzZ_ )
CYyxgv Mz _ V-By
/gzZ"
KZ)gzZ wq
-Zg {0
+ -Z
iJ# ^X ^,h N ;
MZ X ( @* '
, Za3,^~V "Vzh N %
i Y3,
xgzZ W~~%^X 3gK` Zzg
xtZ` Z' {
/~]Z ZMm{ D 37{ Zg O ~%
/vc 
)` Zg~}uz c* ~]Z~ 3 c*
{~  Z zW: X 7 D 37VY {
V ** /{zX @*
7Za wZ 3
X B3
gvc*
C Z3,
{LZ~ Z gzZ Yz (Vg  { c*
igkZ ~0* hC v{h
tX
M +0+gzZgC:gzZ x
$X D 3: **
*Ug67ZA 3ZykZgzZ DYnZg**
kZ^ }: ]!*
t6, w Zg O yY
/Zg0 Fz7,Zuz c*
+Zq Z~ !* / Zg ;(
Q Z{7ZgzZ Z Zz VgZykZ^X @* %f=
7,** X w# OkZ YyY} wZ e {
/~
^
bkZ gzZ tZzg ~ VX D 3 **
3p or
-ZX ~ZttahkZVg
rt X Nr Zq /Z X
m{ v Wa% !*
\W c*
Z A
Zg!*
q C 7Z Zz yZ
{z X c*
-Z ^ c* = Zy  Yxp @ Zg ADq\WgzZ
g Yg
/3 Zg~^
Vg ~ ^X ]ZgzZ 7 X F A Zz
/ZX Zz vgzZ c*
t kZ t[f Zg kZ
YG
5&X } Vg Y c*
kZ **
G } Z (z ` Zg)z /Z X ~gp
w Zgt c* gzZ p
~ 
y ]Z Q c*

102 101
 Y
S z]gz @*
@ ag:7a
h

s 0* + X C7 5G
G & QX b^X 1 3p~ 5Zg 7c*
{z Z
79 X 7q7 a
X ;g ` i Zg Z}
.'X YK YZg{M{
/z'
,
$X V; kZ ? c*
L L ^A Y7 VrZ
YG
: { g uOgsq g F~uzgzZVzX
} Q~Vz
-Z Vc* H%**
kZX ~\?
5&[g
xX ( Y
G Y) J/I
# V
|z hZ q 7Zz V KZ [Zy
-Zg uX yZ% 7X $ c*
$X Tg {0
A +i^lX
Z ygzZ~ 3 : c*
3 \Wr
CX,t Ht
} "z6,'X $ 7`z%Zz f quv} (, Z}
e ge 0* } tVg a

.Q c*
Y
X F,
H&
|z vgzZV,{a ~VX-E~%s Z} .X 7 Zg X DQ D OV1@* +E
@Ei v
Z ;L L~Vzg Zi !* eX} : **
V-gzZ f i
G$
Z h1X V D Y%y ~zV EG
s !* Z Zgp" ayZ
z:
D Y Z~ Vz1|z 0 L |z zgz -6
D D gzZV C |zV ypgz$gzZ VZ **
LZ N X V zq
xn zZ3,; 7?g e -/ yKZ vZ
a

X CY ]g KZgzZgi b ~ }n V CY b ~p V: L{z~x D, Za { c* W X yZZgzZ |z Kzg
i \W d
X ! !gu+Zg VY '
, -Z p ]Z &
-Z Kzg xn X q
iq Z3,
+]c Z  V
~ V- u ci Vz
~ gzZ Z h uX @* % Kzgt CY ~ Kzg xnZ
# LgZ
# X q
V X
CY C { |zV
0* ! c*
**
kv xnX
Cp Kzg xn !*
Z L L9N a kZX D Y 3zg
Y $ |z a yKZ bkZ X @*
kpQ X @* ~gz 6, Y {0
+6,Zy Zz Z Vpq (X c*
vZKzg
+

g {0iX 7 CF, l { eL LX
Za ** H ` Zzg e m: ~g c* gzZZ C~g ZigzZX c*
) Zgi,zX ~wj gZ

X
gX: Q G 45E 5y
}g '' !*
~ :WX ~ ]c q t k0* +
{0i 'yZZ %Z X
Z y Z X @*

s !* J h |z kZ M^ Z
# z! yZZ Zg aU ,a
;g KZgzZ ]" O g
3Ve yZ t_X
D
@* L
L w!*-y &zVZi ZgzZ 1L gLzZ
ZJ ,gzZ s ~ Zi WVg s ggzZ s DX @*
V Zzg}'
X
C, qm,
t yZZ Zg s Z
xC
X { i @*
c*
N 3BZ V) X @* -Zp|zQ ~
q _ vZ -Z ayKZ|z
# ~}g X q
!*
 t Q , wZ e ~ kZ} } Kzg:gz N 3=~ kZ vZ


:gzZhZ Q :1X ( |zzvZ )z ?
g6, @*
X @*
Y0uZgp ! c*|z Q1X Cx ~uz h
** + {z
D !*
7X|z

104 103
H |z kZ X
|z xZ
/200 : Zizg
C rg , + Z @*
{Z w B Zg Z
: Zzg Zl # ( ;Zzl (
)wZ AXF
s !*
y gzZ~(, $Vh1Q ?u {
{zxsV; ge hv~}g h Z &zZ @*
@* O( q
-Z )N{zX (
a, 5BL WX x}gtX
gw
u** '
lle , -ZgzZ gzZ6,\X kz|z~ kZgzZ
iq
i 0*
DBb6, ge~y{ JgzZVZ2]gzp X

L&
L X @*

\!* Zt X a :|z~VZYV
kZ ]!* /ZX N Y g  bD V X Z{ h
+I bDuZgplp y

+
]0i ~gQ c*
*@Y0w vZ c*
,
k ^t X Y7
+c*
$ Y g W/^yZgz s: {z
D
bDy
X $
Vm{ CY5~VZz tX x ~ZeX ~ j {g 2h
+gzZ4zgg ZD +].M%ZgzZ \g-
EE
ZgJ ]%Z c*

k** E
&wEZ gzZVuZ~~gF ** &N L L X C
7,zguX gizgVzZeK+Z ~ ZX
Xk ) !*
 V- i X
jz V; }g
, wZ e6,kZ
/Z @*
{' '
,i BKzg W|z ~ k
, ~hX @* g k
Y c* , 5 ~|z wY }7 **
(
X Zz y5
t X Y0-Z c* /ZX Y0uZgp Zz V~ Q X Y 0*
+Zi~kZ @*
Z * \
@Yc*dwZ e~$} ZX @*
Y
` x {zakZ ,: wEZZ h v ~X Z Z wz
+!* +Z~zq
]Zgg0 ( w ) ~h~|z bZ
-Z , 
gzZ h N st a kZ 6,V
Tgy Zg X
7D c* ,g
/ZX B V) g Z
Z e~g Zlw \W
Kzgxn~
/Z + ! ;WX YZa0
V @* +i -Zp Z &
X C leq 3 W L LOg: Q c*
+ X } 7,** N*
6,kZyz| YB
X y!*
X Y , h gzigzZ , wZ e ~ EE 24Xw3m
.G /Z
om @* ${ c*
y!* i6,yTvZX V; }g
K6 } (, #
kZ~
gzZ hZX ]gz ^~C Cq-Z ZhZgzZ ~g p, zX }gz{E
+ ~ yLZ~ V!*
V!*
y{ ykZ
p ZgzZ HZ f Cx?V\Ws: ZZzVgd +
$i {h ,
k~ gzZ: /Z Kzg xnt {Z
+Z(, kZ1 Cq
-Z
( (
~ kZ a sp~ v y
X C +4 kZX CYC ZNENE7Cg/W ~ zg9t g Z
-Z} l bhZ[p5GZgzZ {k
, W}g Zxn~
i6 N* Ygz Vz!Z{z TX @*
gzZ @* . -Z'a
$q
kZ pg ~ ( ui ) {V 5( i ) ] ~ T
Dg + X @*
%Y~
X @* ggzZ~
Y@* |z ~ V-u
` 6
~ y
X @*

106 105
}g 3Zz Vg !*
X C 3Zz yZ k
, QgzZ
CY
{n yQ
:Zz ~
/{g ZzWsKZ Z X C h $
# /g !* +~ 7Z
D Y Zxn~ jm
BV- g { nV1c
CW/g !*
~V X @* Z Y
y s: {kZgzZ *
@Y { VzgL~ yZ(p *
@Yg
yZ HV !* Y Vw[c Z c*
yZ X @* W~ V **+s
~0 YHg {
Yg
CYVzg {kZ @*
X @*
]gzp~ )
VHQ V eA S~ | y gzZ Zzl l
Z'
C , mz6,
L LX C y ]Zg
D{z X
D 3 VZ ~ uZgp+Z q >: h
-Z ]zX Y c* +!*

Q w !*
D W
nZg ** X
D W~iV O VYQVzuz a w!*
X 3 ]gzZ
# X**
+Z`
3Z H{fg0
# N Wgzy {z X VR D a

/g Z 6,% 0* Vww g Z F, { c*
i uXbD{zy


# z yKZgzZ
g: ` ZVg !*
a
wYgzZ z x gzZ ( zy

O
) g|z {zX 6,Z kZgzZ|z ZyZ
]]z
Vz W~g Z X }]cV Zl
CW6, VhvgzZ * esz[k -Zzy
nq ]X
Dg
y
c* &gzZ
Zz |z c*
J (,h ZzQ c* gzW g YhZX `6, $ Y 0*
hv A Zg kZ @*
* \
@Yc*d~} X
z z ~ yZgzZ ;wY V ha gz Vc*
g F 7X 1 gzZ
D YK e gzZ @*
w0*
Yc*
c*
''} Z e X @* ~g F,
Yc* 5 ) a%gzZi \ ~ kZQ c*

fe kZ ]gz
p<2 Z ~] T CY~ 5~tbZ
X @*
x Z !*
g **
Z gZ rg Z p V]y

L V X yZ'' V7Z ?~gt ''e a
?~g t
-Z~ x lZ {gG Zgi X
CY 0*
q zh W Zgi
x lZ Z { )z C** X V !*
{%]4Zzpgxz Vz~g
X @*
Y HwEZ ~g F, &
L L
g O 3{i @* 7 VhZ | zh
# z +y + c*
|z~ y

{ N*vq
-Z / x3,
g ~ 0* = Zgi ,Z ~ V-u WpX CY
' @ Y
,gzZ & VzZg
BvX *
V- gzZ @* 6,v WwZ e ]Y!)ZBZ f Ei8E~ T @*
Y c* Y Hg gzZ ( KZ ~r W
," `z% ` Zzg LZ X ;4N*
' +
$
@YgyZ+ j
X * +e
$.q
-Z x **
~l X Y
'
,Vzq
Vg !*

J |z g Z ~g Z
-Z sz gzZ ZzZ
# ) !*
(~ X 7
` O QO S J -ZX
S
-w&&
` ZVg !*
J
108 107
 GBY
V i Zg gz Z ~h **3F t Z L 3
 @* ( y!*
VzZ )
X Sg C Za]g c*
i (1
akZX lpgzZ bq
-Z {zB wq
-Z wZ AXF
yZ(i a
~ g@*
X ;gzi !* Va
V- .
z $zZ
C
VsC } h J yX &7yKZ Zg}uz iZ Z
$zZ Z ]g ~gJ
. -g ; yZ(igzZ y{ ~i {k
,e
~
#- Y 7BVz ZgZ}'
-{zX @* ,sV kZ Z @*

+: { *z ! n ~h ^gZR,~g t X
g D
~izg lz$
/0
7ZaX ggZ + gzZ 4'
i~Zzgg** , ~
inC # X 4
Zg X ZZg xZg tX yp tX Vg
0*
u| KZ)ZBkQ Z 7w ~'
@* , ,~a

Z'
kZ uZgpK v |z X ` V- gF |z kZX g ;

~ g e X Lg ZVz%i!*
]g] $
+ zC
u~
#X
( 6) X " gzZ Zg kZ le gzZ
xZgwVyZX ~gOZa~ 7, +!*
e S0
X @*
7V
~m<!*Zz u-
6, -
Sh ZCKZ
u _ [l h1X
D.gc*
ZgzZ

D vZ z ( 8
# ) -Z ) y
KmVzZ q
-Z
M ~gc*
VX
DVZzgs{4kZK+
/; Zz sw~ m,
x VzZgzZ
D %f= z q
Z x ** -Z
#-
Y
KZ~ -:gzZX Y{o: zg])gzZgc
:
t /~g gzZZ e ;x/
t @*
@* " Z y
Y 1g6,yZg c* /.
$zZ
6,~h N bVa
}uz CLgkZ w
V KZgzZm
wZt X ?7c*
~ iet c* -Z )X gy
8
W'Z `z% K
g Q~V#Zg z L LJ X }
- `WC
X ( [Za>Z
X
D Y} 9zgfyZ
z
zZ Z z Zuz
a ( VzZ )c Z e
# X @*
]{ c* t X 7a
J
i a
x vy!* -Z ~
#
aUev 6,|z
|z c Z eX
D Y vg Z z[
@* ~
g Zu CZ Z yC Z6,B yZB Va
X
d
# X **
$
? |z |z c Z eX @* e VZ z v t X @*
Y N*
G aVzZ LZ
"ByZX
Tg R{ Zl /~ut X

X~ ',i?, HE.28E
gzZv
!* -Z e| Wq
VzZX 8 -ZgzZ@'
,| Wq
-Z C_ C () ~
/ Zz
* $zZX @*
@YH %f(]. +gzZw
BZ f$ .
$zZ
ZgzZ **g Y r ".
Zl i 0
$zZX C +i KZ ~
# L L Zz
+y
X
3gzZ
Dh Zva !*
gzZ

V>g Y] $
+gzZx Zg W" +
M$ $zZX x p e
+ .
a ~g Z'
,g !* wEZa ~g Z'
$zZ Zz !X @*
. ,g !*
$zZ
.
h N
I4N*
kZ kggzZx3,
X Lg x ZgW~ u

-
- L Lh- gVzZX
%Z ~$L
L X
D YK wEZ
gzZ ~
/{g ZzWp
D Zh Z x Zg WZ ga $
+EZ kZ **
/

110 109
6,
zZX @* g Z Zu" kZX @*
Y c* Z J
/( Spiral) Z @*
3. 6,}u g Zu-
- Z(, X ~
~\C ~
# L L c* #-- L L Zz ZF
:M7ZgzZ
-Zt V- X CY ~ wZ e ~q
0 bq -Z6,{ a M X
-
-VzxgzZ {k
,ezkZX
w {0
'gZQ c* +igzZ yZ 5X Zzg z gzZ Y { t X ! ! @*
Y $zZX
~gzuM~~(z .
. $zZy

, u e {zX
D%x Zzg zX
CZgz6, LZ c
kZX
CY ,q ~uz bkZgzZ Vc*
g1 g o+
X
D g zVzg YvgzZ}0
+ wYZ m,
6, yC enZ X
$LL L~
~ *Z ^g WgzZ RdZ tzf C1)Vz% sq ]gzpvgzZ
-Z **

gzZg Z ]gzp Y
gzZ 6f]gps~uz C # ]gzZX 8
"gzZ r~g c*
"Q c*KV2z^LLg ztvgzZ X
y{zX CY$ |  {zX
KL L7
# z
X
D 3U0
+iT 7x Z
CY[ / V; : g^
-ZX CYgzm,
1.45q
X CY ( m, % ) gJ kZg Z
g c* / ~X CC100tX
X C0.60( Grease) ! l
-g ~X CB , i L Lg Vgz Zz {(zC
8 ~ yX C
av 5.1 MkZgzZ yZM 43.5 Z e JkZ
ac*
E#N
hIN L LV0{qg6,yZ V J cuz!X CY -E g +Za|
s g0 ~~r1 C ~_s `
# z
YN
bZ v!* B m,
X @* g L L} ht X @* 7Zz6, gzZ
Y H+' yRvgzZ 1.4( Green Matter) Z! 3.3 {)z Zg 63z
5G
G"MX * @Y HwEZ g v!* ~$L L.
$zZ g g !q Z X CY X C16BgzZ ~n {
-w {g !*
J {g !* gX x goa~g Z'
k k %gzZ m, ,g !*
Vzg Y w6," ( v)V Dz : ~_ y
Sg
X
X CY Zg @*
g @*
bhZ[p{zT
Zg Jg ZgX
DwEZ ~ {g L
L J {g Z @*
O . wn L La} h c*
Y c* {R T
E
5H
w E4J kZ ^J ~ & X @* J C zgzZ
Tg l
uX
Tg D w {g !* /LZ Zg !* gzZ
w
g !*
a 8-gVzzk,eCyZ X
zk
,e L&
L X @*  ~
Y c* V Zh V-uZ @*

wZ e6,~hwnkZ %N
YNE
8
|m -g @*
m!* -g/7Z &g L LX @*
ZwZ e ~ 8 Y c* Vz} (, X YY1x AQ c* a` @* u: / X
zn Yc*
3g6,g~
kZX
v ` Z' CX n : qyZg zgzZ Y
/ EiG
$
wEZ a x kZ gzZ X
' L L J
,
\
L D Z 78-g ~g u~ i TX
DI 8 -g c a 6, -Zt X
L L WZz
zZ T C ~ Dq
112 111
 Zz
 ZVY } (Z {zgzZX A ~g Zl gzZ|zx Z X * -gyZ V }
@Y1x 8 /
~ VZ ]
zTgzZ @*
vV W `Z v Y r Y&gi r Y { g ~ y| Wq
@* -Z V;z V yiN Z Z y V
X zg c* akZXN Y
X z s Zzl B; 8 e
C{ g Vh1t X C Sh1 | Wq
-Z vg kZgzZ
ZzJ (,kZ X w= ~h **v ~ VEg0+Z y
Sg C !* g X kZB i ZzW\e \egzZ
g ~
~g ` ` 8 eQ
EE E I
H4
a ` I X xg 5G+4q WQa
-Z o ~ I !* ( @*
6, ) Z \ Kzg6,T EG B-dL L~ yZ
s Z e B; C
t ,q  X

VuX ~h | Wq Y 17 x Z (,gzZ
D YK wEZ
-Z X @* x yQX
D Y rgzZ 8XN r 8F
M L L{z kZX CY
E#N E
X
Tg Dl
/
/}}% % ( Z ) ~g1 ZzpgX
CY - E
{ g  -O L Lx *
* Vzq
R,
bTX H W,
OJ-u ~ !*
W igiz gzZIR, V !* t ( m ) ~g1 ~(, E ( w )apg
~gzZ,q
` Z~g Z'
, ` I bZ ~ Zh Z ~gZ{ \Z<
g !* -gzZ 
X
k
Zz Z O wEZ a Zg
izg wEZ IR, D Y 7
-igzZ y0* + EE
Z % 24X O v 4 v w3 7
.G
X ( ! [zZIR,)X ;g Yk(, ,
iz' $Z Va
w3 7X m~ Lg ,z w3t {z kZ X

e
c\+ E
G3J" N* gFX J m
*% 3 Vc* 6,!%g` V- gFZ
-ZX D YggzZ 0*
# ~ i q
(Z ~y
} h w3Z~ V-g F Zz W: ~FvgzZ
# X
D Y J m
r
D Zg} hg ZTgzZ ]!~y*zy CY ~ Vzg Z -g}g
e , m,
8 ?w3 ~8
-gY
eX
Kg Z
g Z{ YZa
X qz Dm,
X @* Zh
+8
-i kg ; X
+R, C Doze s J m
B3{g !*, C w3g e
e {z X , Zm
c* w3
X
n
[8hz {~VqV-  pg OZ%gzZ E!ze} h&
+ X ,
xg J
-W R,
zIR,
n x Zze X @*
Z 1^+ ne
X ( 3 m)zhgzZ} h
] c*
V X ` Zzg pg ( xg ) N q
-Z
6nj o^ je] 1 o^e o5m @* wW&
Y Zl Zz|z yC
Cxg %Z ~
X x ` Zzg wm<!* ~y

~ y
gzZxk!* a
X
}aZl
Vzuz KZv6,
{ X6,Z
*
@YHq ~h ** M1g Z eZg w
Salsola Griffithii , wh} (, z :gzZga|z:X CuvZ'
5X #
c Zg~ }iZQ
D
3~ ~ggzZc~h kZX HLZpg ua kZ
7xg ~k
HZX ! ze ~ Vk ,e} (,gzZ

114 113
 ZZgzZL -9
b!* Z T
n ~ }i J
pg !* -y J W ZgX
Zg
Suoeda Fruticose ,wX ~ Lg t X
s ~ ]gk^
Za VpKg Kgg0 x ~Xu
+Z LZ bx ZC
Cw Vzg ZD
sggzZ z m,
Z X @* Qw Z
yZ S
-Z^~(,
X
zq -Z~x Zz^LZ
LX x Zz]g 'q ( 7) X ~ V~uz)g f

w ~g@* i L
g D ~bLtakZ

KZ ~g7 gzZ''{ c* a kZX 7ga J
-]g E
LZ%~V Zz ~g {>
HH78LLKZa
X gzZ ~igVz c*X Dh VZ 7 zZ Z wVzq g kZ
+y
^+ ]c* OZ
) ZgizE L%V-g ~KkZX
Dq7Zizc
gzZk0*
} wvL DC g Zut Zl
w ~g F x Z ~Vp3,
X Lg @* zh
# z
gzZ ~p| +y
; t bLkZ X Y VZ {Z
ge 6,h-g 6,Vw:eC + kZ kZ X `z% ZgW ~iz~ Va
{z ~g {>
: X
W z Ui Z0
+Z D 7, ~ w ( 9zg Zz ~0
+e )g Z ankZgzZX
D Y wVzZgzZ aZg W y)g f
X CY ~ Zw ^ L L Zw: i Zg6,V * ~ ]g
@Y c* CgzZN*
s ~g gi6,kZQX @* o
Y H[NZ }
X *
@Y Z7 Zz rzg
CZg V ZzC zW yZ ~ VqgzZ Vzg ) Vz,ZX
D Ya jgzZ
K VZ m,
ZZ yLZg Zu}0
X D Z Z +g Zz wz wv 2zg~iz T
D Y
X CY| (,
gZu~]5D{zX @* Z yZXDwz{ Z 9 K- e kZ {z
cgzW, aw~VzyLZ]yzZ&Zp a

X
Cgzl
n gg Zu bkZgzZ X DZ ~
pg x Z ~ J e 4c* x vekZgzZ p`gL aws: "
\z-Z Vzg g {zkZX n
/q pg6,{ Z 9vgzZ~ KZ {zX gLa " ~ y
Zz yZ(gzZ yX
D Ya "
$ wv bkZgzZ @*
6,V  X @*
B yZ ) 7~ y
1X
Dg 2V
X CY " ( ~g'
yZ ** yZXDwzwv Y~]g {z
A /vtX @*
0*
7 X
D D4gzZ5 pg Vzg Vc*
IpggL yZ V3g ui **
X @* /L ) Zz wv**
f( g Z V-h *
( 8) X @wEZ ~V k at6,
gBt
6m<i c*
| *g @'
/$X [Ig @* ,
~]gkZ N Y~\}uz\q Zw t
-ZX @* ,
@' b ~ y
Zk
~ [Iwg ZD ,ZX : {g Z (,V'
,
G /$wqX V
X @*b , HE
7, .* X |

116 115
 J -
-Z {gHg ZuZ @*
q Z q Y 7
/Z~ E g0( c ) L LX @*
Wx " Z7 (Z 7L L
V;z 7CZ} b X ( k ; ) Q e&@* ~
Yc* # X C ZaZ
VzZ 7Z~ gz\,q Vzt X @*
+Zi ]c* w EZ
XDgZub t@*
Zr g eg Zu6,e . -Z X V;zgzZ D Y J
$zZ q -Lg )g f
Y
H-E
f ^ -Z6,W'
w ) ( 13)E q Wg ` **
,c* -Z~ &X D W
$zZq
Z e.
ZLgzZq
X @* -Z -Z6,.
XBzg q $zZ q
-Z6,{)z %gzZ Eq-Z6,. $zZ # ( 0* ~
Y
H-E
3 WJ WX L: Wq
-Z6,g / ~ &c* ,Wg ~ c*
6,W' q-Z

zVZv0*
c* mZ @* Y VJ-}g& +g -Z6,.
geq $zZq ZL6,g
-Z` ** / VjX 6,. -ZgzZ6,
$zZ Bzgq

X g f
E
C-#FZ%?gzZ h{k
e F ,ez Zg O~~%X @*
Y  bDyZ !* g Zu ~ kZ ) WJW6,.
gzZ @* $zZ gzZ: W
( 9) X
n: . Y
HY& HY& 8LwIgZu~%6,
3.
E gzZ ~~%
]gyxgL
-Z kZ g Zu \ -E
L]q #  -E
rg Z m,
x H
Bzgq
X: Wb JW{g!* -Z ZhWJWBzgq $zZ ;tf
-Z. $g6,
x
7,bg ZuLgaq
X @* -Z Zz%X c*
C ]!* ~(,G 5G Wa kZ : e~ga LkZ i Z
" ~\Zz ~ !* <
-Z k0*
~hKYq kZgzZ
H% g
C@* $gzZ" q
Z ]gd -Z
X | l,
e6,g !*
. +
$zZ XzVZe I X Vzg Z0 8{k
,ez Lt

z rg  H~ p Z yZ< d + g
W LZ kZ X $ C : J
- X @*
Y1YBzg| l,
egzZ WBzg

;J ~g Zu n^
,&
M ~g !* gZ%)
+ D )gzZ { D ;C bz }i gi ~ y
I1947
zgz }'
( : Zz]~~g !* ,rg} Z}
.) 6,Vzm, X C !]!u {z ]MZg Z { D X {
g ] !#
Y
H-E
rg,&
Zt X g x ** - ` W q &m,
+L L rgJ X Cwz
*
( 10) X @ YH c* 8
x ** -zi rgL L xz rgX wzZ rg oi ] ^: (
E
m Kg 0* LG4&Zpt
D]!~1938 X `z%~ yZ( L]! E
Z kZ Zz #
# Z W,
)g ~ k
B X b cLt6,q
-
118 117
 Ej $E HE
h
93y ~X Kye
5 z 1977X Zs W{
Z G / !*
X6 KZ `
DX @* (.
Yc* $zZ )g Yq -Z w g ZzWn
2H
148J.G"
/X 7 GJ
uzg: \gzZ z m,Zvg )
, $g Z' gt Zg X C Y -# NgzZ
,m,
,
38X@O Zc
1996y
z y'j_/~j**
X8 9 x6,
( 11) X Y7x NF X Zz3g0Z c*
tUg : Xn
2H
304X J.G "
/-9
Y HY&
H-E
&,
101X@iD]!X 2005XF X m -E -10 p\ (^re
Narratives of various journeys in Afghanistan, X g e -11 ~ yZ X
Zg f b!*
-Z ~h7  t t
q ZZ
7Lt
,
425X 6 ;gE- egx M X 1977X xg XX Balochistan, Kalat q]gzVX C ZZ ~eZzgzZW 9 **
)
v\ ZZ Zzg OX @* Y~ VzyVaq ZZ
7,**
. _` Zzgx ~}  C ZZ wgzZ zgx tX
D p
X Sg ~g z~g Y
X @* YZzg)~h7
Y &7YZ ZZp C 7]!*
cg VzyVBhZ ZZyKZpq
X @* -Z~~g6
<
q
V-Z
q y **
+Z X @* '
Z=gf , ZZ t
i b!*
}X D kZa 1kZv CC
~ 
yppy !*

X {)z : c* Z Z
n **

]Y!Zj

,
71 Z'yZ m,
SX 1
1985^g7g
mE
45_
G u 6X 2
,
41 bz6 7eeX 3

,
37 bz6 7eX 4
41X 5

120 119
 Z
[!*

) Zgi a

122 121
 +: {Va
Qg !*
~g Z gzZ z$ q ` Zg @*
-ZgzZ X c* # @*
z| M a
Qg !*
~g +
~g X
HHg !*
g !*
t Zt ~ g @*
~g7 g Z BVa
X Z 7,**
CZx Zz
x ~XuQg !*
-ZO X c*
q V~g ZzZa
]q :gzZ Vl F,
C
X Zj
~qg \g Zu~gz DZZ
`f
q Wg Zu1 @*
-Z F~ /7 ! NZ m{ g ZugzZX @*
g ?
gz~g b
OZx6,Vzi)X C Z
Q(kZ1@*
oZuz ~yZ0
X Y +{ZC
)g fg ZzZa kZakZ Cpz
( k
B zw]
.a
Z V0*
~ ugz *
C k IZ x Zz
zg {zZ X Y0gZu 
kZ]Zg (Zg ZuX CY 8**
/Z ,YZ ` Zzgz gX
Z'
[ ZX C Z ._wgm]
t,^g M ~ +Zi AzZ ~ kZX [zZ x ~ g @*
uZgpZ KZ
) Zgi
gzZ ZJ e OZgz Z Y
Zg Xzs D]q : gzZ Z Zgz yKZ P 0
+ Z X W~ z ygzZgzZ [
i ` ** 7
G
qz6,wZ m ] G 5hI$~X ~g X g Z2Z ~ _1
~uz6,
}iX ;g mJ e ._wj gzZ}i LZ LZ7ZgzZ ;g @*
J (,
{zgzZ ;g k(,g ZMZ ~ OZgzZ ( {z
/kZ X F
) !* /q~
$ {z
e # gzZX **
Z Zg akZ X
bt
CZ X : Zizg Z (,
~gzZ VgzZg _(,h-gVwyZzz TX ;g @*
0*
$
e /
% i }iag {0
0Z]% hv { c* +i 0*
gzZ M}i
Wz gzZ +4g Zu D q
z X ;g k(,wZ yZ 6,V M X
IZVz
nzq KgVXCgCgXg f
-Z V i Vp  e ~ LZV Zl
x 6,}i V KZ ~gz QCc*
& yZgzZX @* F,` W
X
H0!weA X V; LZ a
gzZ hZ X g C Zzgg B V Zl lz$
V +: { ]!*
~ [Z1Z ~}g !*
) Zgi| {g
/$Iwg ZD H
yZ gzZ 'Y ~ { g Zu lp
Zl
" 6,V Zl p 0*
VZzZ ~, gG,a [ZX ~h !*
X, ]!* kAzZ *X
`
XZl
Vc* Vzg ZuyZ lz$
yZ0 Zzl +: {}g e -Z x weAx ZzeJ
q -{ ZzZn ~ y

124 123
 V6m<]^re L g Z MZ ( weA)g Zulz: {
 Za ]q,Z :
-Z',wZ+gzZ ~ Z7-1
zq ~]qVzEZ LZg6GLg
X N Y~{CVX} (,
-Z',wZgzZE
zq -4X
@G -2 ?Vw;Ct_ ZgzZ @* $KZ _ Z6,V, ZFy!*
e
{&',wkZggzZ,wZ Zc,wZ%,wZg,wZgh -3 gzZ V.{ sg Zu Z Z wgzZ L
8z~ VZg [ **
/
Zg ~p+Zq -~, zg VZ ~,gG
-Z `
a
J X **~Vl

q VXgzZ ~ !O ]guD
) Zgi~ T {zX C Z !*
M{z D6,
V iXv~ y

W~, ~g !*
-y
J WVXa
X Re~ i eg weAv QgzZVX{z}ikZ {X f gzZ Oc*
e xQ c* y
+Z zz$
~i Z0 +: { 7t kZ1X ougigzZ Z VX
D7wV\~%VXDyxgV Z yV
w'~~g Z gzZ ~V Zz !* Z X 6,g
W6,}it ]!* ;C6,jsfzgqi {TX

E
X ~g Yz$
+: { ~Va
~ V~z)& !*
X @* Z (zVZv0*
Y c* C-#F r
) F
T
X g D ` # $** - z ~ , ~ ]!
VJ Yz 1/3 L Lq
QX @* X ~ Zg OgzZ Zg ;
-ZC @Y H
/X *
{ nym,

yZgzZ } 9JZ s yZ weA\ ~h Zz~1666 ;CV- zg0
+Z C
V gzZ 1weg Z MZ ( Z) weA} (,
\ kZX *6,]! Vom+
Y 4H
ViZ
X # zq-Z', wZ % 5E
+,w G 5G& -1
Y
kZX p S~ F,) Zgi ( 1629-1637) U*
Z -Z'8
zq -jgzZ ~F7,wZm -2
-V i 0*
J w ** +g ZTX ~ F,
gzZ F ~0 ]Z m,
g ~]! zq-Z',wZg Z' gzZ,w1,w-3
IN
m, ggz5 m,
ggzZ - m, g~ ]!} ~ Zxgz LZ kZX c*
-Z' ~hgzZ, w ~g 8F
zq N, wf -4
X Zz5y -Z'g ZzgzZ,w EiG
zq 4,w
H%iVz-5
gzy{Z
VzggzZ 6,: h]MZgZ/O~ # V6m<]^a
VzgZuX HygzZAzHweAyWZgZ ZZ9JZ Zq
-Zyxg -Z', wZ l, wZ ):X&-1
zq
I
bgH{b ~g !*
W]Z/O y{} (,kZVa
B zq-Z', wZ E 3.\-2
hzq -Z Izq
-ZgzZ Zq -Z wbNzq
-Z Ozq -Z [Wzq
-ZX {z'PqgzZ,wg,wZz, wg -3

126 125
g gzZV Vq {} (,} (,VX C( J) ` ** Z6,
C `gzZ ** g OwN Vz b 0*
` I ~ m, ~ ]Za X:
I 5_
4F
H Z z V H
4hhG V gzZz x E- gz ay
BW1 D -Z~j gzZkZ{0*
q akZyx Vv0* }gtZ
BWgzZOZ bkZ X f
py e z CZ ~ `v qX @*
Y IL:L ix **
X
hIb gZ: hVrZ&
+ZX c*
$ 8z
X @*
7,** Z'
,V ZzV -~, zg VZ
-Z~^3a^~Xa
J
~}weAC4q
~ sweAq
-Z / D { ( 0gz'
+Zi @*
Z v Vzg ZD { y  z r LZ V HRe
X H Z Zg Z H0: Z y g D g Zu G
kZX 5\}g7 
/G Dq -ZX gZzZa
G

Z zZ E
.- W ~17 Zg
# ~y
Va
Z yZxMv gzZ [g Z z m,
kZ1 @* g Zu q-Z 
HW~z (q
bkZX -Z~ `
a
g
C+g2 y{ OZ bkZX D ZE-ggzZ ] Lag Zu{zX D
!*
kZgzZ Cgz$+_e .x** qz (,K+:gZ ~X
~XX c* OZ Z X 0 ~g Z {g YZ J e
x weA g ZzZa iDJ e !*
)
y3ZxxweA~`
a
X
}g Lx ~gZu6,
H@* ( X Ng gtgX ZgsgZzZa
6,
tuy{Zy{ZX c* zBF,
Za **
xZa
c* Z Q gzZ {
gzZ) 6,y
{ g **
~ { ~ ,zgVZ
Z
c* z ZX c*
g weA +Z6,tugzZ '
Z q ,i igZ Z -gzgz~XXu]F( ~y

X yZJ
X ~ F, ZkZX
[py
gzZ 1 y*zyB{ -Z c*
[zZ q t X 0*
H ]! g ZD ~gzZ (~1740
9g9?ygzZ {ilgq
-Z]!( 1666-1840)~{ '
o {gzZ g C q yW ,i]!~ ]g kZ gi X
o Zz w { C Ya V {')g f ]q :
F, ! c~ ]!p D Ya|0
{z V ** 6,V c*
+!* g ~ (X C
+:g Z +Zq
T HRe~  { Zi WW,
-Z~gkZX -Z
q X Zg f} (,
BWm,
g
{6,gD Zgf Vc*
T1
) Zgi f(,
C @ %gzZ BZ kX C
6,V i ! c F~ (
e g yxgVzg ZugzZ V {~gz kZX F
F6,!* +: {
7lz$ xzVc*
VZz 0* !z {gzZg Z xn B kX D

X gz$gzZ J e @y X C ZZgzZ {g ZzZa gzZg X C~

-Z Zg Zx y{
t X C [zZ weA q }i Zz3, ~ V&g ZzZa `X ZVzg YgzZ Zh q
 -Z
+0
weA sy{ k q x ZgzZ {h + 7,q
-Z1 g Z0
+ X C~ygzZ
~96,Ka ^D} a
Zx ~gy{X g Z0
+ j .
kZX c* BWx kZ
-ZV C
$- ~g ZzZa Zq

128 127
 ;bi%~B; kQ}g " gzZ Vz&yZ X `z% !b ZGY!gzZ ( su) gi ~ T
B gzZ8
yZ k z nz ]Z\ -4
-eg1 yZX @* X , Zsg
~uz ~y
]q :y{
X g Zu `g Z nzlzgp (Z gzZ x ~ y
}g7
+{f .
T : yZ0
XZZc* ZF6,
LQZ x** Z:{y\ -5
]YZy c Z Dzo c* %xk0*
~6,gx xtX: ]gc*
g!*
N* Z yZ: Z ]
W 7w X k0* ]g Ziz \ -6 X @* +y
YZh
X YZZ+ 4ZgzZ} h+4g Y~gZ'
, rg p ~ zg ZzZa kZy{
gzZB kX
-Z {g Z Z g Zu L LZz Z Z Z
xq qZ ZgzZ {gZ Z m L
L a @VggzZ VZ y*zygzZg ;p{zX S(,[pg ZzZa
gzZ
tX g (Z ]gL{P: Zg gCgCga kZ [ 0q w
H` @*
X 5 rz '
, gz! k5 kZX Lg @*
i]g ~ # w.
'
gZ,R}P u a wq]g u %ZX
H L
C{!* gzZ y*zy c* X J -g ; V;zgzZ ]!
Zg Cg gzZ
g Fyd
E
{P Zg t a kZ ]gzbDgzZ : ~ Zgta X g Cg q 5.'X
-Z { g G / -Zw]!yxgZ Vz
% Cgq
` **
Z S]YZy {gg ZuX HwJgzZ m,
Z !* ?p x Z6,Vz
C: Zg g X D YKW'
,} hX ~g ZzZa AgzZ} SX 0
/% Qz
B}g Zu Zq &gi~a~g7 ]gz
-Z }i+F, zyX D W'
]g~ ^V Zzg @* ,(y } l gzZ y 8
-g
Z kZ {p /g ZuX
VkZ }it X @* HHm6,gx 

ZC X @*
Y 1 [0.5 | 7 Vzq X D
# z
Z vB}~g Zu6,gz I W : a~ VgzZ X @* $zZ Bzg 0*
YHwzw [. V Zzg 6,wEZ
t X C hZzB g * ~gZu ( }i r 0* t X C
) }i ` @* 2X 3ggiCc*
V[z|z7, F,
-Z Va

q
L LZgzZ Ozg{ g ZuCgCggzZ C sp~ g 4U ~g g
r 0* Z Va
y
gi Cc* t X Cc*
F, F, ) Zgi ~
{ hZ
G
L6,g( {)z {)z ~HE .* X wv ~h7 g O) {PX Ozg }i X
) !* xeA ~ yZgzZ F,
~g g !~ Z6, rz gg !u
q ]Z% { c*
i { c*
i \ {z X _(,]Zg (Zg ZuX w$
+~ Vzg Zug ! VX ]:SDKZ Cg Cg bD a
!*
W~ V Zy
7X Z~jKZX ah
+yk]gzZg + 4gzZ A} h{X
g xy nV\ LZ
;V- {zX c*
[p ]~ OZ KZ 6 kZ q ]Z% Z~ ]g Zg Z gzZ g ZQZg&
X R, y g Zu -1
+t zZ c*
X
H`m$
+~weAq gg ZugzZ'' J (,
-Z6, VzD{z -2
X x {
x Z ZX @*
; YYH~VzBWa
6,
g ]i {z0QX =r{z -3
X @*

130 129
gZu bkZ w guX
hzF,N* 1L La X ~ . $!* Zg !*
( s M ) -1

B x  Z {Z
gzZgzi b i ~% G
5F +t VzxX Y cgzW, Z ( s M { () -2
Zz0*
Bi x ZpX C 7ggzZ 7Z { /Za kZ B KZ
N*
1L LX qbhZg!*
!klgzZu 0* +tgProduct
 Z{Z s M HN-1
+
0i ~
{0
+z0* +: {vZ
gzZ lz$ kZI hzF,
# CC ze !*
]!Zg[zje ( yn, M ~ Zg !*
+
X
D0i !*
M 4L L? ~g 0* { F,{ c*
! c~ V yZ X
 i yZg {gzZ yZ(g ZT
) Zgi~$
'
+ZgzZ }ip , -Z x Z *
iq $Z V Zg !*
~e X Lg Z 7, Zg t C 7lg!*
/Z X C

*Vzt X : i @{ c*
`
C igzZgg !{ c* /Z6,{ c*
i is ~g bT
,Y yZ
] ~g ZzZa iTgzZ $
Zg f {^
V>gzZ YZ 5: it X Z: Zzg6,5 Zg F, QgzZ
M 6,
`
C XB ,
~g X I0 VZ'
, VYZ Z6, ~ i kZ X Zz` gzZ gZizZ Zz wEZ ~ kZ jg ~g ~ y

gzZK O} ZX Ys
M F, { c*
) !* i **
(OgzZ]) i z7,vgzZ|[X y!*
~ V !* ) Zgi
i]]q Z 0
V- gZ~VyZX +{ c*
H ~g ?y ZzZX 0q{Z i X
CwEZ]q Z
~ x kZ X S7,gzZ 8 **
}i KZ e Zi M C }i )g f k k it X ~ !iJ
c* - wq Z V
egzZgg e}|
X}
# z \ }gt Qg !*
-Z @*
q # gzZ C a J
Zg7 At Z -V
gzZ ( X
i Zz
) Zgi Zz
L L~Vy
-yX @*
J z Z }iX Cgi

1! CZ f t }i+Zt X ~Va
y
Vz D Y b ^ x **
V Zz Y%gzZ X Mz 7Z D Za a 3,
Z6, C7!}i {z A
** 8 !*
$X MZ g gzZ CY Cg}iK
M n!*
-yZ0
J yZgzZ VX~fX
+{ gzZVp 
gzZ @* ~g X
D YK g }i Vz
* gzZ y L Lc*

L L &
+zL z X C
-ZC
L q C ~g %L LO ~g x%gzZ
X @* Z6,
Yc* z Q c*
a6,
g ZzZa | }i : yZgz kZX D Y Z e
# z Z D &
+z \X @*
B
6,g ( L) x
,Z} } (,Zg ZJ
-Z~Va
Y
X YY3ggZ:gzZ $
gzZ X
CY 6,
C C V {gHZ it X 7 {z ~ 1964X ~ \ ~%~y
M h
+ }i ~ Va

X Y! n: Y
@}i kZ : {z1 @*
Z ` @* } LZ
a }iKZ \gzZ N Z +x ~%Z
# M

132 131
X Z[7 { 0*
V V
zp~ ~" $U*]!*
t Z3,
}it 6, Z Q @* # X Ygg:gzZ
Y Zg7 At Z
E4
X V
z~!* B-G
HV F e
zJ ~} yZ f W
zr%&V X
RegzZ E ZrBV kZ~ ~%~Va
X C
B; % LZ @*
Y 7,( ) w e gzZ C 7w lg !*
#
Z CZyv \}uzhg CZ6, ];z Z c L L
X @* ~- lg !*
WkF, }6,Z
/
/kZgzZ
s Z e~ \|0
+!*
V 0* -Z~z2^g a x|b Z kZX Zz + Z
} (,q /
Vy
Vz ~65 c*
lg !* &
+Zs W"L L}'
,e ; {zc  Z(kZX ZgHm{q
-Z~
Y7 q Zz V gzZ @*
g @* ,
Z} CLZ y{ L L; xy{x ' XfqgzZ{C~\}uzgzZ}hgFCZ:
L x -1
@* -]Zg {zg !*
` IJ F1X CY lg !*
@*
` I~ E ; gzZ { C ~\}uz gzZ
Hv 6, ~g **
iB ]g -2
( ! lg !* c") X C7lg !*
y{" ! lg!* 1 Lg X f q
w Zg a V !*
X O Q c*
O S c*
X @* -Z 0*
Z 4q lg !* \}uz gzZ
HhgACZ6, ] Z g~I -3
w !* -Z c*
( ]Zgq -ZV9 **
) izgq gzZ Sg CF,
lg !*
1X
Sg I6,y
W@W /0
X [[NZ g Z +iEZ~
Y ZBW bhZ 0* /Z X @*
kZ Y @* x *'
0* , i c Sg Cg J
-V'
,}i~ VX
H c Zg~gp}tv ]gz
D Y]Z}g
X X CY~
D ~g g iZ X @*
Y {g { Z q~
# q VZg ~g LgLg6,Vzh N gzZX
~V Zy} (,i
.
g6,x]ZgzZ
D ^VVg~Vg !*
X
EZ X ~ ]g L
KZ a
X Zz BW! cgzZ
i Zz 0* LL
T @*

npg'
, , v L LgzZ ^z L LX
n
Z' pgg gzZ LZX
X 8 7 {]| kZ {z @*
# z Zg Z
W; bk
] B X y WwL Z kZ { o L L ** z
lg !*
yyZ Vg !* X !*
xO ? W Vg !*
6,
gy

")c NC ]
( ~g1 Zzv lg !* W ~u lg !*
{B 400 200~wX
]Vg !*
~Z  X
lg !*
6,( Zz 0* X @* Y6,]Z LZ
** V-uX C !*
/g !* ( ) lg !*
WV Zg !* ~ V-uX 4'
g @* ,
YgzZ Z ZX
b
lg!*
C W!* +Z: 0*
~ i Z0 zgzZ
D W
{g !* gzZ ( g ) **~ ( s W ) V i Zg !*X
4'
,J- ag
X
D x 0* '
Z X , i}i y
X
C Vz ( py 5\
) G
H L L&
X C]gz 0* + q
7 g ZD -Za
xnq
-Z *z 0
+i 0* ,
X k a0
/**
+i 0*
X C7}gzZ U*
~&gi kZ
k0*
g }g [t Hk q
/Z ? M 0* -Z6, Z q
-Z lg!* -Z
Zq - ` W yKZX Z zg `gt
yYgzZ/DLZJ

134 133
au k\ q
-ZgzZ ;L L.
$-
E!i L L -Z 0*
q }g lg !* ,~y
n Y c*
Zz ' +Z Vg !*
{ i Z0 gzZ
X
s **
L Lg Zl 0* /1X Za xnH 7 Y c* M F,
~ wEZB K gzZ/
yZ X
Dg Z ? Vzg * y
M Vz lz$ +: {gzZg X !*+
{0 NB x : Zg Ztu ZzM%Z gzZ V ~
+Z ! V **
i xi Z u ; i
G
G(gzZ (Scorpio) [+ ( Orion ) ( Pleiades )g F
(Usra $M~ a0*
7w }g X
5 F, E}g z!* ,V !*
' /
X
 Major) ~g ~g tX
4F,
gzZr ~ 0*
E {@WV KZgzZ
G
4hIg$ i w y
: izg
y
t gzZX ;g w V G V W}g X
} 7,} f lg!*
x ** >gzZ wVZ [ [ Z
X Zg~Z Vz}g7 %Z rf s {X
wzgzZx t
V}g X
y;f gzZ m, K yZg
zf
u Z `gzZ W1 @*
X * z lg !*
@Y Hp ( g ) & Y%s Ws WX
s W+gzZs W7ns Wgs @*
X ** h x **

\
5gzZ ( xn g ) **
w @*
Y c*
` Ig !* z kZ N Y /g !*
&z ~ E Y: & #
Z g Z X py) G X
z`Zg !*
s !*
`y ,
gzZ '/g !* ,
g' ,
Z'/Zhgy!*
/ZvZX I Z1Q4Q
$ X ( J l / ZZg @*
{!*

H{ i Z0 `%IX CYg Y
+Z : kZ C]gx ABkZ1 @* 1^
** Z~ y Cg
3 ` ** @]gX @* tx kZ:gzZ @*
Y bkZA ~Va

;
D Y9**
E
gy
**
** -E **
58 CY J
Zg ` R G +
3 0 z{ {z -V, {z___|G7
X Bi ZzWJ -Z
X Ct~ tx }gt'egzZ **
x X, ^&___GP
l o j < X, ^wab___|Glz)
gZ 6,lg !*
: 0*
[W ~1V
gQ Zg !* X, ^wa{g !*
___|Glzg

L L& O Z6,z~g xnX xnJ

-Z`! W~(,VX i^n ]]
-Z OZg X qNc*
}g q gzZ Sh I y7 a}g X

$- sfzgqe{)z` **
;
. Z
E^
i V kZ k\ gzZ lg !*
{ c* xX @* Z'
,~u
/wj {g!*
c* q
-Z )X?I 4 3 c* -ZX HE
?I q * 4 ( 3 / 4 ) X HE
.F -Z
*q
.F
E
X YZBZ f Kzg kZ g Z : N*
W ]gzp: Z kZ C7
X ( gZzy-Z ) ^ 60(
q
w L LF,{ c* '
it X uZgp ,ia Vzg Y
_E kZ ;
`z%]q &ZsfzgqaL**
{)zZ
/
X n6,A obhZ
ogzZ Z @ @*
CYS)g f -}uiZ Zzyxg : lO
XJ
136 135
c*
# Zz ` I X
]Z ~g ~g
H Z 6Z yZ V i! WX CY 6,V i Zg !*{ c*
F, }!*
i g Z
x ZP Z ~g ' gzZ ]Z
Z %f ~ ~ 
H% y" ~(,Q c* Lg e Wz ~g 7 a Vk e
~g a X @*
z Z1 gzZ IWt
ygzZg Y W /Zm{X CY k1 }i xns}i ! WakZ
Da}g Z
/LZpgzZ C7a
an
LZ @* @*
{ i Zzg {z @* kS vX @*
Yyk Q c* Y -Za uZgpVzg Y%Z X
Ddza
g Z6,} | Wq
$ }g ( @*
T ZgzZ p ) w X nh
# +ya { c*
X CY 6,
ig Z /}!* V i Zg !*
X C
g: k< c*
@*
**
Y k0* H )g Ztu 'X

( }!*X pg Z ~izg ~g X 7uZgp ~g {g e" {!*
(
KZ J zgHq
- -ZgzZ ggzq
-Z }i KZX @*C Z?gZz
-Z |0
q + g Z X
D 3a( Gz)h
Vz {!* e {' ~ V- uv a

EE
X xgxzg ZzZa }i 6,} Z\\B; 6,kZQX * @Y3g6, ( @*)} !
[ 4zB
LZ y Zg X N Y~ a
'
X CY le ,it N 35BKzg }!*
X * ;
@Y c*
8N kZ X @*
u ~g X ) p Zz t X @*
z Z ( g 4 g-i%]g@iZ[c
)X
O_" L L xn
ZL~ ( ) y*Z q
~ pLZ ** ZL L Lyq
-Z **
-Z ~ ~ p X6,eLg1
D
gzZJ l X ( Cg-i
X
wzpL Ly*Z kZX
H^Z
+Zi X a h w!*
e }' Z ,z 7B 3{z
D 3
;ce ** ~[ Zzy!*
YH ic
Z X
L L**, z
]^ne 1i] 7]e 7 p; g3 ]q /
X
D{gZ 6,}i v { c*
i X t y Zg
]^ 6m<i ]q k ( c\ 1n ( 1+ 1 Kzg yZ g ZzZa z `yZ lg !* ,yZ ViZ 6,Vg!*
z ]' Zg Q
]^, 3 ]q ( ^1m ^ ^r syZ d +e yZ x
W0 /yZ } } yZ Z
]^` 6n na ( pq oi ]q Vg kZyZ 6,vZyZ'yZ
Hq w IP @W''yZ
-g @*
]^a  mi oi ( 6n]q c,J ]q 0* +k
}Q}g V1X Y w$ ? %
, O~g Z
#
)
]\^i m 7+ ]q p<2 ( p^ 7^`a 7^9 w !*

nZg ** X 7 7X V Zz uk\ s {z
]] o^q ( ]q ( %: ]]a V\WX ~ x c* / ~0*
Z ] LZ ` ~ }g 6,
]^ie ^ $] ( 6nn2 cj2 i ]a VV X M uX M
h 7 c iz { WgzZ c*
 h Z 7xnWL
:F, X 07~HG5V ]N

138 137
aR'
,}g7 }g kZX c*
B m,
Z {z ]!*
Zzt 7?g "gzZ ~zFgzZV^ ZL
+!*
V0
Z M ] 0*
# Q X c* } az +
N* gHN*
/Q X c* -Z
eg q x AZLZgzZ : ^ (Z :
0*
y*zygzZ Zg Z yZ 1947~Z ~ Zi M y
gzZ y 0*
y*zy V@*@E k5)g fZL~y q
1 -Z~
]| M
X ~Zg gzZ | M yQX Zz t z ~ Z eg 'B} zi **
ZL
+
X hZz 0 +Y T ug I{z s W{ (
i VzgzZ tg Z0
CJ '
-gJ=T ,i ZL
BkZ gzZyxg]Z z V c*
gz G -H
5.G#7 XjBc*
g^ CY!g gkZgzZ CgzWc*
6, )6,
( J m

g c^
y1 c* ,gzZ ~ !*
W~ y
X
Y_g "B q
g Zu) ?Bzgg ZD -Z
pz F,
c*
7WX
]** ZIgzZ Z ',|c* g ~ y 0*
zygzZ q
: g Z
Y}gzZ ~1C7g g ZD -Z
gz V c*g M ;ggzZ /E& Z gzZ ]g *X :
G L [e c* g g Z'
,g !* !*
` I sVzC +Z @*
gzZg0 {z
gYZ
!*
kzgX c* g gzZ yg ],
V c* gzZ
gzZ Z
F, X]gzpgzZ: N~x
g ~
gzZ LZ y
(1)X VzFyZ e gzZ Zz c*
0*
{g| Wq
-Z Z~ y
}g7 1X
!*
W xV **
V-0
+x s W{(X 2
( i Zz[Z 0*
x)
EZ ~ V c*
X 0* g }g X
7c*
g } (,V c*
g !*
tQ  0*
cBJ
-k
,~ c*
gX
Zz 0*
}g 3s W{( F,
{ c*
i ugi Zz s M { ( b ugi Zg !*
gzZ !*
7
X Cg Z%~g J 0*
Qz q
-Z @* z 0*
Y n}i {g !* -g x !*
lz) b8 V; a
V }X [ ox Y
a

g Z%0*
@* V ~ VVzhVzh N X J -zg}g7 Wt 0* G
4 8NE E$
V[ R 24 {z~ 5 i x 
+z;z ,C EF5 O
$lzg G
E
%Nx%~V c*
g yZ 4'
,Z X C7{ c*
# lg !* i Zz Z kZV;z X M 7]gz
~(,~(,
[ct 0*
X @*
YF,
Z 0*
tg0 +Z] WgzZX @*
+Zg0 W[c k0*
x ~1 c*
sz [k c*
m, eg Zg k0*
gX N* LL
X @*( E.) , gGt X 7 CZ s M {( k0*
L LX 0*
H0 # c*


D[Z}i k0*
k W)g f VC** g yZ
Kgv V c* z {!*
$-
0. rg~~,
t V1X ZwEZ ~ ~
X
eJ g X
4 L L
-Z Z m, }g X k0*
g jk0* z k0*
Ek0* -X k0*
q g e~] a X c*
Mt
V g  7xX Nx m^
x m, zgzZ 0*
X
g0* - Lc
q L } (,

140 139
 sz [kZz (yQgzZ b h 3Z sz [kZz wm,
e t x a
gzZ y!* g 7xtX H qzgzZ
im,
) Zgi{:g&: akZ7aX
X ~ ~ y* Z gzZ z t}g BW m,
0 YgzZ u2gzZ~i g X ? 5x
!*
WgzZg ZV iVz ! Wz Zg !*
vX ;g Y k(,wEZ VzIR, g X
`z% i m,
VZm, g ~ y
 5 ]!*
t1X @*
Yc*
0*
a}g IR,
X
g Y D [Z YgzZX
g
. `uLZ Z @* ViV. bJ 0*
z6, !* X @*
g ; Z c*
z6,
,wEZ a ~gZ'
I kZ e , ~gZ c* ,g !*
Z X q V 0*
Z . # vvbV Zg Z c*
\eg -`
|J
sz [k kZ c*
0+!*
gzZVc*
{ Zp , g Z }i e N`
g H ** Kt 4z Vz6X @*
KZ V Y x  pgzZ ~ !*
W z$
X w^Z
,izg vgzZ C
kZ iz' '
,i }g t N` { c*
i gzZ yY gzZ a^g { c*
i { c*
it ]gzZt z Y
X g Yf(,h
+z
/kZgzZ
g YDdZz VZ  }g 3kkZ yg ! W~g ta kZ #
VzE }
.z
gzZ ZZ 2 ~g
I X { V; }g 6,
g1 X :L Vy
x z` ** ZgzZ Zz{q
$zZ LLa` IgzZ @*
! X
D wEZ JgzZ . ~ DwEZ B Mitg DqzJ
- iq
-Z H] ^m 8a

X
D h eW gO **
C 3+
7 L Lgz ZX @* # g
| hYa: J
2X M
]g! Zy -i Zggz ]Y { i6,kZ 6,VzZ1Xg
wEZa IR, -ZTgX C Zg(
gzZbX Z7w=J :gzZ Z w=:it a kZX D~
/Z% ~gz ~~
X Z7uz` Zzg  ` VE1X
X 0*
,
k
z Zx6,e } (,J
: X
g 7wEZ ]c* -Z6,V i ! W Vk ,+;gxgzZ !*
5 WgzZ ;g Y@*
7,Z ` Zzg 7m hn:
YE
3X ! WKg Z(, ` Wq ;g Y Zn 3{g b
Hc* C-#FX gwzKs
VvyZ(gzZg E ) Zgi~wqZz
YE
Z(, M wj  7t 3 Z Z} z Z xgzZ
.zz : wEZ]c* 5G
4h!X 7 sz [k q -Z d$ m,g v Zzpg t 0* ~
ixvZzi
C +ZM%Zz\g-  c* uZg Zg
Ct : c* ,. V
b m ,Z ~ V I
7sz [k c*
.
gg g gzZ
g/ ~V B; wEZ
VzZ} hY}
XM
ip ~qC
wZ eC
X c* uZgpgzZ `KZ C
i ~ 0*
}g (ZZgzZ CY^I#gZi { c*
 @*
wm,
i Zpy e
i ? Z}
z hg Z C i Z ~g  c*
.X WC i ~VKZ
C O{ Zz e
Zz % / ][ZX
D 7,Q}

}}V|i ZzX 7G g V;zx ~g Ztu1
g ]!* ,kZ~ ~gZiX VJ
[k 
Ct Q' -x ZZz
b #KZ\Y\YgzZ]Zg 3Z
! xi ZzWC
V4Z
g!* a kZX Ze !*
,
' ) Zgi ~g yZdh
+1X * Vwz
@Y ay

142 141
 z } g ZzZa x gi6,yZ gzZ V i yZ ~ y
!*
X , L}W~ e , { 
et

z$
+
X ~ (F,
g 6,
VzgzW 0* gzZ 4 0*
X W, ]!*
  t ~ x OZ Y
0*
Vg ~izg a
` f gc*
g S T ~h ** %gzZ s V **
V X yz~ # 0*
gzZ x uzg ~ga
t ! W( ~h ** gX C c*
)S c* g Z ~g ~190 IX C ui ** wN X C { 0* V;z V Lg{ 0*
;
V- ~ Z <Xc* g Z KgVzfZyZX
D YKgHSBW
u[!*
E
0*
16.5 C9
'' E ~ 0* 6,g g Z kZ1 Y Ozgg yZ X

z yZgzZ @*
0*
7.0 'w 5x BW c*
/G
x G ~ ]g ~Q c* @* ~ ]gz
Y c*
0*
8.0 '' X I
0*
7.0 '' Z % p`
0*
7.0 /
''u Kg34.94 c* ,% 134051 y
sLG % iy 0*
0*
6.0 ''y N*
~ "X C ~g 6,iH 54X 12 s~ T X Z ; 6,
.G
0*
1.0 ' Z % ZG Z}
. zz:7ZZgzZ 0* }i !* Z# }i . H 54X5.22
.G
0*
1.0 '( iH 54X 0.18 X  0.34 s 0*
.G X ~ 7, !*
W)
0*
3.0 '' Vg !* iH 54X0.16X M 0*
.G Vzm, g gzZVwz[kVz16,gx
&
0*
2.0 ''ZH E X M ` ZzgzZ40*
Y 4200 sy
X 6,xz3g
0*
2.0 'izg !*
^ [Z !*
X @* { c*
WF, i 0*
~1XzkZ
0*
1.5 g Y
' X @* Y 2 Z ) Zyy
W,1
$ L L (
0*
1.0 ''Zzq L ^I L LZa kZ X Zzgz t 0*
G !cgzZ C 7/g!*
V
0*
1.0 ''J (X
pgzZ ~ orn y1~h **g !cZVX ]ZZ
c*
( 2) Y 115.2 0*
64.0''' g !cyZX DY0**
6,V c* g yZ4Z~
LgLgg"V c*
@* yW6,x v ~ ( 0*
~ Vp  ! c ~h ** Y
X @* o L LXD Y* e c*
} (, a0*
} (, [W
D Z } (,} (,6,~h **
X @* -|gzZ (J
Y `J - t X  ~gzakZf V c*
g ! cyZ I Vz1~ !*
Wz (

144 143
 H
-!
X F,
+'
h
) Zgi (o ~ e X 6,VgzZ [ ~ N* ,
Yq ~ e ~kZ 6,~H :t 
~ ; ~ ~XC
{  [pk v n X Dg Z !*
WgzZ v Zg76,T @*
Z Z
XfL~gu:6,
kZgzZ +Z(~~
kg0 /LL ~h **
$
d vX o ber
# ~yW Xo 26~
1! fw` Z4t X 1P~ 1932 Vzm,
Z X6,
kZgzZX { Zz hIE q
$ & c -Z

X c  gzZ @*
W0* y1 LaL L~T @*
6, gj c*
$
qzd g y1
I
$ & 1q
g 82 g x g .g y 0*
-Z|c* kZX
HJ0 +!* q-ZaBW6,kZ V6,g e J eX @* $~ W L L
YT
&
BW~1~ y
g 82
112 MTX x Z(, $ X
Zzg7 y{ lG
kZX ; gzZ 0g !* ( Vo ) Vz Z6,c*
4;
x ** g
$gzZPX C5 yDzg cu D m,
2 11t bkZX X @* -{ ZzZngzZvLL0*
YVJ
$ X
D q 0*
~ qz qz g 8 2 g Vz g 8
| c* (DgzZ ~yZzg (orn
_ Vzh N 1C
spZ m,
c* e eZ qzykZ~1962Z
# 1
80*
Y 6700 ~ VztX @*
@* Y Z @*
[yZgX @*
[ZV Zy
V1Vz y
gzZ|1t X
Hc* &sZgzZ
g Yg ZD H X yZgZuzgzZ @* -Z ;
YyYq
(gzZ C4Z~y
^ 35t~|X Cg / @*
YJ-180 ~ yZzgzZ @*
qz Vzh N 1 C
Y
H-E
 Z g 82$ X C[ZV i F &{z V Zy @Y| ZuzgzZ *
X * 4Z~(X
-ZX @*
@YyYq
kg 0* [Z
Yg e &zz : x ~gz~1X $ 4Z ~ twJ W~ Z @*
@* ~% c* g ~
-Z Zgt X { n !*
[ 0xq Wm<!*
nkg X * @Y ~h **
!* [ZV i r weA E
Z @* 5!zet )g f { Zz y{X
H
tgzZX c*
C ZjggzZZ -Z }i+ F,
+Zi  Zq &giT X @* ! c !*
0* WLLgzZ @* Ys{k , 5.'c*
e F gy
s !*
Y
H-E
X ;g {g ** +'
}i&gih  ZgZD
k w gzZ pX @*
g7 {  4Z ~ ~: _ Vzh N &p
gzZ
~1tX CY?}i ~1 ze!*
) Zgi ~g~yn, W ,yxg
( 3) X C[ Z kZ}i ~(

{c*
i,
YtX Z/gzZ )E; !VzZ{weA}(,
ge}i gzZ ~g [,1 !*
g ,1VztX
{ Zz 
|c* W
BZ wze xn~ kZX gZzm,
Z
!VzgZuDyZ F, +
Z hgh ~g [ X { ZzgzZ { Zzg ;
C 
z Z wzZX


 @* ygzZX
yug VX
CY
0* gzZH
L kZ (4)X a6,g [ gz'
 Z 7,a kZx **
~g [ X qz i
gZzZaX}x weAV~
XCbVZg!* ) Zgi !*
uvgzZ sgX WO z$
+: {vX S(,[pg ZzZa gi

146 145
 ~g W~ T {zz Zuz }i ! W~ y
{z }i ~1 $**
( Kg) T gzZ 5g ; y3F,
OZ%weAt ]!*
mV1
{zVZzgz6,V iyZX
C,m,
g c* g` Cg
sz[k ? X @* g ZzZa gzZyz
Yc*
- {zV ug V X
CY
( VgzZ Vc*
! ) gzW ~T C[Z}i Z )g fx ~1~ y

E Zz ]Z
Zjg ZzZa gi KZ wAt a X
Dx gz' 552P Zg ZD
85 wJ azZ  Zg ZD J41g 82
$
EX
D g !*
uggz' a kZ X
hZz ~r
zg ^gZR, 25{ Zzy{ Zg ZD
X  Zg ZD 28K g ZD

W 7Z 1Tg 7x weA 0
D z +i ~g7 b V J L L !*
bkZX Ly{ x ** W W1
X 7q {z Vv g X C Z J
c* - a { z ZgzZa
**************  c* {@t ~ z y{gzZ yYW1Z
0* # X g L6,]g
V z7, kZgzZ yZ(n~ ~g {z V i!*
zgq X Z~1843 {@tX,| W WVzL
[ ]Z- y V X
Q c* gL e } (,~ 6,x Z~[f30 "
$F,
x y
: mJ o]n
~ V {u c* 8z CZ [g ZzZa
~ V1egLa X g ! c} (,zt X [ y* e Z
V X 6,2 gzZ M V c*
yakZX hZzgL:gzZ
7] OZpg & @*
X
g -g W
YJ
/0

Dg Z + Vz gzZ
i/& ** ^ Zzb & ^Zz 200? * e Z._"
J (, ~g
g ZzZa gzZ rz 4
qt V /kZ X I , 1+ gzZ N Z * e ZX Y Za
$Y N !*
htx ~gza
;
M I: * e kZX n Y H[Z}i +F,
T 32 * e kZ (
&gi  Z ZgD
E
+: { X ~gz ~g !*
gzZ lz$ Wa ~g
Wz ~ !* X1 X n YHg: 0* -wg e~kZgzZ 0*
J HG3 Z 125000`g Ce
/
~ WxVakZX M
yZ ~g !* ) Zgi Lv ~hz L L
h7 ~
Zzg ~g V  t ]!* g
) Zgi I IZg7 c*
gzZ Z~]gVgzZV Zzg ZgzZ sp~Vz#V sg **
BZ X
D YK !gz M O V
VgzZ Vc*
-Zp )X ]gzJ !*
Y
~ kZX x q Wx g Zz X ygzZ
Dv ~g
t ''k
X (
zggzZ])(gzZ gzZ KZ]g: }i M V y
Vzg ZuDgzZ W,
Z !*
X **
7ZZ X 2 X ~~g ZiV
F,
L) Zgi% z6,BVv7ZgzZ ~r X 3 **************

148 147
 Wa VzgZi LggzZ yX 15
z x V+W6, akZX ~gzgwg g0 7
+Z~r 7sX $
V gzZ ** /Z%aF,
4g Vg gi w L L V;z X ~ Vzuz ~r1X
_Z Z Z \!*
}g h N
x Z
X ** /z6,adZz Y (5 [ Z
C / ~gzZ YZ w Xr A w
gzZ Zig ZX ]!*
X] ~V }i" ~! ,
Y~(,
C!* ~(,
X 16 - gzZ
]"gzZ X
Ly Zg X y ggzZ 8
~ 1 9 8 5 - 8 6 X @*
Za ^z H q
-Z ~ y
[8J# ) ]h !*
-Z ),VZ ]R)*g c* -Z
LJ
L L L # Y7|
# z
kZX C { g kZ (5) X C
V]6,iH 54X38,524
.G X ~gzD ~rakZX ( Y:J
-z Z eB; ~B;
X bhZ8
-i/X C~ VWgzZY kvk e
+ z `{z
~gz ] ~
CVzg X 4
/ZX
D YK |
!Vz@*
# z [gzZ|!* # gV]
c Z| zX ,
ZgzZ 3 N 0*
`X ,wEZ b
+ 7Z ,|
X {Z V{z O & ~ Zzi
# z # g Zz Vt
+Z | X { c*
i7VgzZ { c*
i7
ge Z/%gzZ g:~gz~XX ** akZ
Lg w ^z  ]gz z Z x 3
/Z%, Za]c* @YZX 5
X b F,
~"~/eX V - 4,
X wfzlg \z]g"gzZ V q
L ~ 1975-76 X { c*
gZzZa i L ~ V]
g ZzZa ** F&zeV-0
G +gzZ* sz [k VZ. m, nz 0*
g ** X6
X H 79400| (,
L y 0*
L ~1984-85X H 35500
g ZzZa
X b rz ) Zgi! W
Dehydrate
L (6) X @*
Za y
~56g ZzZa X b ` Zzg~g
zgiz bIR,
X7
h DehydrateV- !gzZVz}uz {z
M L X YY c*
jyxgV gzZ **
X ** }iVzg Ziq)X 8
;} C~y
g ZzZa X
X ** W9Zgi6,
W6, VZ X 9
( H39000) Wgi *e ZYe~Vsz[k0
X ** +!* V-0
6, + gX10
gzZVc*
( H 26000) zh W VyX 11
X **
( H 12500) Plums X*
* J (,7kZgiX 12
( H1100) ]c*
50 ~ 7
 z Z gigzZg ^
, ~ T Y (giX 13

( H2700) v% X **

( 7) ( H800) X bgizgVgzZxVSB
) Zgi~VCX14

150 149
 kZiZ
X
]** x Y- gzZ Z6,agZgzZ
L ~o gL
hlZjZgzZ g eZ/%)
X
M
X H1~
/ $* e Z[Z
"
xn6,g43 V;z ]*
} X CY !
6,x !*
M**
$
d "
$F,c* [Z g
gt X @* L L c*
g ! c

~ yZg {X C
gzZ Vc*
! i1F,
} i1y6,Kg gzZ6, 31
g X
DkZg MgzZ c*
gzZq c* g uzV
C
G' X
Dg **
ZgzZgZ
L ~VX `~(,xn
s[QgX @* 0*
MgzZ {gMgzZ @*
[ZF.
30~yZ(
~VXX CYg+ 4gLZz Za Hg ZD
a 408MkZJ
X -gX * @YF,Z~gZ c~~ Zz
YE4X , gLn40yZ(X g uZgp~ C V-t V;z C Za gL
# X @*
Z ~ a
{gzZ c ~ V Zy yZ(gw 5
 E 4hI4NX
-G
Zz] F . $] !*
y yZ0 +"W mH ~X @* Za
kZ1X
) Zgi '
HX @*M [c , g kZ C { c*
i~ c* ilg !* Y I
az "zg vg HE 5kI
4];z! E 4& ~] v y I
F
G iE -
5_ 7 g# gi
X 7wq 6,X
gQg/gJ
-Zv {y"y
]~gLyZ((8) X
 Z& g hZ CzZi !lD
+egzZ X=\NVZ !*
y
tX ;gwzg Z ( m,
g )@~ k] ojm] o ]
kZ X CWx Z6,Q{z uZgpa kZ C { c*
i g Zl
i]5vgzZ nz gzZx OZVzm, g X =g f *q
-Z B M ~
xg q
-Z ** Y Zb
Z X
D  Z }g ]c*
gz KZ ~
@Y ( Z J3 ) Z <X~ yZ(V Q X @*
* gHgZ }q -Z {!*a
EG ,
]ZW'/g gLX
**
Z t kZgLZb 0*

L ^
,
4 i4& x u 4x u 0* m,
g X @*
Y c* 0*
xuq -Z nZ yZ&X
EG ~ y
gLD ) by{
Z {k
,eX $ F&zea
Y G
X
~" $F,m,g X @* YH~Vq -6,
C i4&
7~W'
~ [TgzZ $ ,m<!* Y
TX $
X7m, gq -Z~gZ I@',
" It|N1
$F,
G Z6,~c ZgLZg X
-
W {)z k Vx YgLX 8
x M YZ ~
X @* F.'
gx M HG4E
3E $F,
&"
X @* ,
W' V;z
X C ~ g Zl ~(,g ZzZa gLBB VZzg
18~1975-76g ZzZa W~y

~1984-85X Hg ZD
~(,t a kZ X 7 dehydration 7Vc*
1g eZ ,% 7
Dehydrated gzZ Potato Rice Z6, WX H 79.4 | (,t
X q M$g" bz''q MX 7 a~rg ZzZa
YE hPotato Granules , Potato Flour
X
M
J
-{~ZgzZ @* C-#F~{y };
Y M ~Zgf};g E

yZ*i bZ X * 6,e } (,~ V]! {k
@Y H ,i
;
V-x** VzgL" $F, X@* Z}uzBZfgzZ]gLC X
E5 ,kZ {zLg akZX YYc*
W' J (,g ZzZa yZ*iX
7 az ~g - G
tzg ** gi ~]CZi mHyZ0
+ M
152 151
Vzuz Y W
JgkZ/DX YZhg:g0
+Z LZ WZz (3) X z!] g { ** 5kI
u ~gtv F . y0*
4& ]
F
G 4,
l
8h
+y
a LZZ6,}i kZgzZ y
8n 0*
v {z @*
70* X
D !*
k0* M v z}i~ yZ(
'
h Zg c ZgV
g]OZ}gVZzpggZ,xDX @*
0*
gzZX @* { Zig X
Dq 0*
^ }i LLk0* V Zz
]W ~gZtugzZ ~gZ
Y X YwN*
y pbp Y: {g gLX
Tg D g ZizZ gi
Dg ; Zzg X @*g ** t 1
z f
gzZ
sZe 8
-u} (,
} (, ZKZ~gZ-ozJC
-eZ #
7 f
$ X_LE &u~g7hZz
gzZ 8
< -g F]Zf q {h
+/
,
'tuX
`z% ` Zzg LZ Df:E:
EI EI
7tgzZ Z(, } 7~g&
X @* + !*
uut X @* a
1X gzZgzZgzZ ^~g uX { c*
i~y
^
&gi }g ue q-Z~ ~g GG3J&D Zt , 'X zz ~(,q
-Z
/gzZ ZZgzZ { Z]
.
~ * KZJ
-Z {zX `: }ge" a
B KZ bkZi : ~ n ( ) 'Zg ZgzZ: Z Zg Z }h
+y
: Zg Z 
Xg6,
/e Z6,
akZ bkZ
Z * c* +y
zh }i X C ~gz @*5gzZ
Z17c*
Y X Y
)f \W 4
/Z:gz]!* /Zg0
+Zg0
# z
+Z{ 9|
g ~g ZzZa s WHXN 3
FZg0 +Z{ 11:~Zz
+Zg0 /ZV; X :g Z

Jn ] ^ $g
X e

X
C KZ)gz Zzg ** a y _ Z {@
!* W y 2
g (Bzgg ZD
`toX n k c* z{@
J W ) gZweA 0*
kZX @* E c*
Yc* Z c* +ZiY 0*
0*
Z # }i
Z
X @*
y bkZC ** weA{y
[ n z D VZ 2 EgzZ6,2ul
1Q6,1 @* ( )X
ul
Wul
{ LZgzZ @*#
5weA{za kZ 7a3a
~ gzZ hX
n
( 3 )ul pg hK
M F,
Zt''6,
3ul

@Y t { ge &X @*
kZ * +{ kZa kZ @*
yZ0 yLZ E16, $,:{z
zZ A pg h WZz
/Z X
n
z `Q 5Z Z kZX
X C Y k0*
8n Q { za /ZX KZ }i} 7}igzZ} hZz AL L
:{z
* z + zHgzZ ~
/),X @*x Zz **
0* Zg7 V;z
y kZ ZX B 7n }: {z rggap BL Lzi!*
/Z X 6,
zZ}
YQ ** ~g F yZgz kZX
D Y0
c : { ~ 
{)z ]Z * yxg
/Z : ^ z kZt X ,Zz CL Lz7,zi!*
,Y N !*
0
+ z VZ `Q
#
5
i ~g -tX ! ~
8n !*
C  x ])gzZ Z%ttX~h N Wc*
Y7,+
~0~

154 153
 n X Lg
7ZgzZ
D 7,pg yLZt V p
weAV { c*
iX Y7 (Z {z e ** /Z
hg}i kZ /)
,yZgz kZC
X @* X weA
yz ZgZzZaC @X @*
7,
**
kZ
zgzZ} Z Zn A KZ}lweAZuz Yt{ c*
i
}yh
/ kZ @*
weA 6 kZ [Zy bkZ X n {g Z +' g ZD
&
b'
X @* , ,
Z',
' y Zh VE V
,ygzZ weA OX @*
Z' %1 Yw$
!* +]gz ^ LZ yX C7,
weAq)^t xeAX C| W W ay
gzZyWX C y zzp1
M
ZzR, hw$
+g7 LZR,
zzx Z bT bZ!*
X @*
0*
{g7
X C6,V i h7w$
( 9) X M +wKZ
u o^`i ^ ^ }i C6, yZg ZzZa yxgygzZweA
V!*

pyvgzZ OX @* ywfZg !*
7,** X C }iV z c ]Z > ZiX ,z c*
hZ }i @*
Xy

+v}g bZgzZ y Zg
X
Dfy}Z _ y
;
Z Z _ Z1
ygzZweAg ~g ZzZa X 
oe 5:
rgt oX yZ {zX weA}i
-Z wy
q @Y Zz }ig Zu
}i VD kZgzZ X *
X }Zg Zl @Yg Zuz gZzZa
X *
oj
gzZ'ay: I: :' 7q gzZ {z }i }i
-Z 1 @*
q /)
~ ,._ _ Z}@ 6,}i y V @* `%KZ {z @*
Yz gZzZa
+kZX @*
t y {Z
X ~jweALZy`~g q
-Z c*
E @* { c*
Y 7ykZ F, Zi W Z weA~kZgzZ
iX @*
o X YYH7spgzZ
-Z {zzkZX @*
gZlm{q wEZZJ
-w @* ^n2
7Z Jg Zlg ZzZatX ~]g~
X @* +v zEgzZgzZ
C
VzZ Vz wy
I
lq] ] bZ a]YZy $ lX 7OyX yz a
Z6,3gzZ V
VgzW~y

yZ X ;g| (, ~! ~(,` Zzg X ( @*
`I @*
@* )X @*
s y x zi !*
{zX @*
7,
kgzZ} {g e Vc*
) ZgigzWX

: Zizg~ ! i \ ~ V X
DweA

156 155
 3 x ,Zux t
*X &vZvZ X D Y ^Vzy LZ :ZzgzZ D 3 ** Zz x 6,]Z
+Z Z f(, Vzgz'
bZX Y Y H 7i Z0
wj A yZ Z |kZ d ` W~ }g !*
`
KZ hZz V0yZ wEZ V0~
Y f(, Z Vzgz' ) Zgi
X N 3xgzZ, x N Z @* g66,]!*kZ7Z X g
I
l4X
z]g Z KZ T Zg
/Z dZ yZg xz uZgzi~ g @* VaT C6,}ikZ ~
y Ozg%Z~y
Vz
` Zzg
kZ X zz ` Zzg kZ x } (,gzZ ZX c* V Zg !*
m<!*
it X
D t J - z mq -Z ~ ZZ k0*
YG!
X y/W Z~ V J - }uz }uq -Z yZg}iu~ t ~
y OzgX x ~ ( q HZ yZg {gzZ gZT ]! E 54h )
I I
Y l4XZ} x ,Zu Z~(,V x (Z
wEZ
z l4X(13) X @* t ~
y xiY 6,tZgzZ gzZ
/ZX Y Y H c*
I
{zq 7l4Xx VgX V D%x t? V @* }|
}i }i
# z /Z bZX N YK7 }i
3gzZ e
CY Za }uz q
Cx CZ
C ** -Z W y %KZX Y ~y
x ~ V(gzZ yZ(]g Zz

C7a" ~  {zX y( 0 +z{) WLZ
C: ZzggzZ
X * M(ZV
@Y*wC
I
HOZzZ )X ~W 7b Z l4XkZ1
k 
C7 ] ( 5 ( 5a
I I
**
A
3 ] { ~  6 ~  {z bZX ( ? l4XZ  t { Z ({ZpVakZ 7 b L L1yY ~l4X
I I
XwEZayZ l4XL /
L Z x Zw1
C`
C  6,(&z ~ ~ }g !* l4XX , 5 V1 Y qC
I I
X
D Z Z V &
l4Xx kZC a
Y [~:Z g 'kZwZ e ]~ u** l4XL L Vzg c*
IX
z Tt #
N Z% %uvgzZ3 ZgyykgzZ y ~g ! l4 ~hgzt (11)g Z )
, (10) iz9 }X c*
I I
X l4X{zax q ax LZ
D Y
-Z c* * l4XL LX }e
$Z@ ~g vZX **
 L L c*
** L L kZgzZ

X (14) {g egzZ **
3 N*
kZVzg YyZgzZ 7Z s v z y_ a
sX @*
wEZ~ }g st (12) X c*
gW
??` WX kQ ~g !*
kS ` WX
M ~g Fy **
hW6,C : 1 X
dZz zkZgzZ kZx Z Z z7,
y Wx kZ ` W @* J+ CZ Y C akZX $ W6, W 'gg " kZ bV/}uzg0
tX
+ZVa

I
X
xiakZl4XgzZOZzX Yg !* CZ kZpY Y~ !gzZ }i~Z
-Z x } (,
q
I
t X
g z L LZ~|X ~[gzZ @* ~|l4X :gzZ : ` Zzg ~gz'
]Zgz' X M Z&z c*
h7 Z
I
LZ wEZgzZ @* wEZ( l4XL L~ yn,
ze !*
W y
ZZzx t{zgzZ ]gq
gzZ D Y Z -ZsX `z%a

158 157
 I
X } 7,* : g D Z: (Z D{ c*
*% ugzZ 0* i u l4XZ ~uu/1(15) X
Z h Z y_ X @*
~ VsWz
I
~ `
Z ` W c*
! c*
** +
uZgpgzZ 0i Z]
.Z !*
W{ Zp]!*
( 16) 7 L LQ VzgX ;gl4Xx **
kZ ~ yi ZX

x uz6,~ ~ ~z)) uZgp
syQ c* X 3g}x **
I
z6,6, Z
B # t ]!*
E 1 ~i !*
I {z X
DzJ
` W c* - ) Zgi sl4Xa
` W
I
h V1 &z /Z Hw }g
' /y ` I @*Y 5 Z h VE X
l4Xx Z z : Zg g
I
Xc* g _y Y~X V Y
@* ~ l4XX ( H Zg )
/), kZgzZ Y p Zz ` IXB Zz
I I
X Z Z~ Va
` Zzg Y s y ~
@*
**Zx l4X~ELZ WTX
~ l4XL LV Zz x
I I
X D Y 7y / gzZ Zg ;X *
@Y y Zg O~ ~% } Z yZ gzZ V- l4Xq :Z
Zpg y l4XIizg z q
-Z {z
I I I
~l4X}g gzZX g =6,zZ" )g@* 0*
gzZ @* l4XV;z
L L~l4X} hVEgzZ @*
C ugzZ x {zX @*
g ZZ
# X @*
g g e Z i** 3 7ZX
D 3 ._}@ /Z X
D 7,Y Vz IgzZ W x W
x I s /Z X
I I
gzZ Kzg ( ~ l4X) yX @*

D Y: Zzg ~l4X
Z X !* ZZt X 7yZgzZ5~x kZX @*
X x b!* **
Y Is
z $F, gziy~ ZgO1X D 7
CZgzZX6, e Yg Zzgq
X @* gzZ Zzgq
-ZC
-ZC
I I
~ kZ @* ', $F,l4XX @*
iakZ e Y y @*
376,E t V\WX @* ~a
C Z
YW 0* # ]!* l4X
zZ kZgzZ CY ~ wZ e I 3} } Kzg~ w}
6, X @*
c*
z6,
Z Z J
-y / W
W6,T CY W~r{z
X @* /c*
Yr 'V G
kZyC } 0} L L gzZ]gzpZ
7 ! l
5F
-ZX @*
q .
Yc*$!*
,
'Z' Zz~Vzg Zz
,ZZ Z yLZ @*Y ` Z @*
Vc* 6,g~B; ~ z6,
I I
w3VwK %f X V- l4X!* X : ~uz @*
E  %f ayZ ( i Z )= q
@* Z ] i Z ~l4X
-Z
Z /ZX s
X @*

z
J
-~LzZ 0*
!*
X C ( )g @* i { c*
i kZ Z c*
Z &z V { c* Z]
i Z /ZX
z Z q-Z6,7C ~ ]g %f 7{ c* -Z X @*
i q **
hg7 X
D 7, %f
I
37gzZ {z~l4X
: @* tt ]!*NX @* )
( g@* +Z }g L L .
 { kZ 6 ZgzZ kw g0 $Zgze wz
z}x  )X @* gZ 6ZzgZ
e **
** \W
/ZX @* gzZ
Yc* Z]
.Z !* # 
W}g Z Z c* yZ ~ f }g
V V Vzg ZD
rgpz J W @*
gzZ y ( \
d6, )z CZ Z
# yX ( ! 3 CZ : i h Jg Z v hz ag {0
L spkZ {z X C7,** +i

160 159
 X
D 7,` t VE ) X ( @* /)
,{z T ) LZ VE J W
I
p ~h VE vV X C b!*
ZZ: Zg g q
-Z OZz b LZ
{z X @* /),J
-gZzZa ` l4Xzh$ +
z7,g Zg m,
c*  C ZZg pz "t X @*
7,7 X
D Y C KZ kZ ( }i )g ZzZa Zg f: Yg7akZ6,gVKZ {g
X
~x y}uz
z X (
D LZkZ {)zIg ZzZa ]W:gzZ
b}gt Zg
}@t X
}@ yzz ~ :WC 7 ** 3 ]ZgX * 6, x z 3kZ t
@Y c*
I I
5 : 2Z t X
` ZzgWx }uz q
-Z6,gz I Wt X
7 l4X{z KzgZ
# X l4X @* ( {)z )a3 X
7,**
gzNtX Kg0* w:gzZ g Zug u:gzZ ~
c* gzZ Kzg PzX @*
Z VzyV Zzh
ez~
}g 7~ q + : KZ `
*
-Z sy tgzZX YZ {0 Z w  Wa x Zg WJ
Z -k, ~hV X @* **

I
} (,Lg~* ~g7 CZyz|gzZy_~a

tX ;gBt -Z l4X
,Zq /ZX @* L o{g e VEX **
9 3 Pz
gzZ ~g^ }uz q
-Z X
Kq q
-Z # -Z ~qgzZ s `
{g e VEyZgzMz3 x6,E{g e! ; g~
I I
kZ f(,
gzZNgzZ @* ~g
+%gzZ}g e X #
i g @* l4X
M
ht~l4XsD 37g YC
** X
nZ wZjZ wq! n egzez} g z m y
D
X6,ay

I I E
0
ZUC +iOZzgzZl4XX Cq{g7 yt X @* l4X~g Z)f Y VZJ
-E{)z 8EW I ]W
IX
X
Dig zmZgzZX C]!* 6,b)0 + iV X
D X @* :Zz7Z C
p~l4C
I I
+
{Z $
` Zzg}g \ ZOZzgzZ l4X
g !'" Z d x ** T ~ , q -Z p l4X (1 7 ) yY
YE
~%) iy{gc* z7 { Zpg7 c*
c* Zz'{ZpX
n
I
l 4X
Z L L ~g EC-#F
 Zx b 7 V; z V ~X n ZL L
I I
a
g"gzZ G B xcCc*
5F F,c*x4,*{ Zpx ( Fq -Z l4X bD 1X
Vz n ZgzZ l4X~ "$F, X

I I YE
-C #F I
l4X~ yZ t
g0
+Z yZgzZ yKZ X @* **
CZ C g2 OZzgzZ l4X ~g E @* Y l4Xx Z WgzZ I sV;zt t kZ
~)c*
X @*  X
n Zx ZC
v
I
7{ c* } h~ kZ1X bl4X@*
ib 0*
Zuz ** 7,b **
3t X @* 'X 7xi1 @*
3 x  Y H %f =X D
V ygzZ Z h X @* ) c*
X Y 3
Y 7y y

162 161
 ]Y!Zj
H
5.'kkzg 1990X ? C2H g@* +
ezg F L L EjB Z;/.
$Zgze wz-1
X 17Xg
X 29X bz6, 7e -2

+Z ZuzX (X y
s M JG
X 93@[ ZX 1986ci .2H
4&
G /-3
J H
4&
X 111G
.2G /-4
X 34g[8 -5
[; ZX Investment Opportunities in Balochistan g-6
X 34c Zi6,
[; ZX Investment Opportunities in Balochistan g-7
X 118c Zi6,
X 37bz6,
M -8
$g/ ZJ -9
Xge
X 430giz9X ci +Z Z 1984c* beKZiz9-10
I
5_W6,MX lL LX Zg Z )
54XG
X y
yZ FG ,-11

s M O Zyj
X 32. jZX 1981 zzZL L*Z' ,Z -12
G
.-
X@O Zc
1994X **
wg L LX ZEg **
yYvZ/0 +p Z -13
X 26
2H
X 112X@[ Z 1986X yZzy
s M iJ.G4&
G /-14
X 43X zzZ -15
+
X 20 1990X L L EjB Z;/.
C2H g @* $Zgzewz-16
-bZgX 1982 ~wa
~ L LyY-17
X 64X c Zv,

164 163
 [!*
a

g ~g ZzZa ~g

166 165
~gX _ " x lZZ
$U* +Zi 350 T6,i a

dzgzZ VM Zz |z Propoises:ze ~ ]D
X
D Y 0*
X
D {gz V yZ(a " a Y * } ~g
5} ~g EE Y
gzZ Z! X
M Z G
/G ,
.gzZ Z 2Z k Taq
b
6,i a
Vz} Riddle yi
g a
s M X
D Y0*
X N Zhzq
-Z6,VV
( ug  )k *
0
?~zK @*M x ** Z
TdzgzZug  # G 5V Zzg.
/G
a
1X
! V ~ggpx M gzZ - 7,~ V1gzZA
k  *
Z @* @Y c*
0* $} (,kZ ~g
, w
ug
^
,]
D M' d~uQ c* {i @*gzZ
Ds
D z}g
'
5.E
+i l{ ( $8 i Zg F
Kzh X :
x **
Vg  LgVX

Y ~
X 1
X {)z{)z i D ug g !*
z yZ6,X
x lZZ
P" +Zi 350T?i a

VM3
V V7X 7]1Z6, ,
X T~Z' [VX T~W'
,
:
t9T~(,3
E Y $eg ZX a
wq { n
wq { nX=g f a
q
x -Z (
D a
) )
ggZg {
n xg OLg 4]yZ I.g
/g(x **
YI Y X ^g7
X {)zX z+ hZi Z~ / E
,Zz @*
Dp C1q ~' xg P Zz 5V * Y ~(,z w
:
tx ** Vxg 3
G$ ( G y &zgg$
+g ~gJ
-VX xg P Zz 5Vz* gzZ
+D **
~% 4,
(n Z
GG3E^k
$ ,z
Zz q~ yZzg ] KZ6,. kZgzZ
wa
ve vz t\ yz h Zg Y 1 V @* 4hIF
GE $ Z H
E
45H { KZ V (kp{z s~uz1X C(m,
(, zs
X {)zXgzO &
+ $Ig N*
. ~6, { { M Z G 5H " E
{ e 5
x ~g ZtuX @* kZ? D C qzZ'
qzwZ kF,** ,
:9TKg3
X
| P6,kZVqKZ VZg ZzZa kZ rg e
# z
168 167
~g @* +'
Z1~ y
CY ~H 60,000h X H 119,000g Zl + C1 Zz%m,
% g Z V @*
z /%(sardines)
CY ~~g a
T: 9zg[g Z 25VzX ~c Z CY X {)z ~70*
gZ
{g P !*
}g ~ F,Z}
./ $Q )
%gzZ
D Y B/d :
t9gzZ T
7 t ~g Up!*
]~g {z! Wzt ]!*
EX @*
g +eg 8
- a6, Z k!*
^ ZR,
W **
I }g G
H3]
X ( ~gzZ a~g Zp~g 7 y {'
,Z Zhz }
9h
+' KZ )X {)z gzZZg ^
h H&%} h ]1j ~gt]!*
X
M E X {)z
-Z: J
q N
-Z X
. h H180,000 Z V.
X ]gzV{g !*
+'
h aTX
M
h h
+' Hg ZD
# V g 3 **
Z } (,}~ * \ M Z
3~ T #
T ~X ZZgzZ { ZZg7 kZgzZ ~
a
,
ZkZX} a
a\ MtBN 0*
Prawns?
Y IE
-~ ( g Z ) z s ~ V E
5k 35 X ~gz Z(,q -Z X
vL
L Z~y
0*
y

X 0
]16,i gzZ 2ZZ p +Z 0
+Z ~ V!* ,
X
'g; nm{6,VN* . VTYx ~g t
gzZyZX
Z]
V X CY w? }i kgzZ [s" J
nnC -Z T~ ) z6,
tgzZ

Zg X : C ~A: ~ yZX C
+Zv~g kZX [Zy
0 yZ T; FZgzZ C ~ 7, 8
- kZ ~M%ZgzZ y*0 Y S z a Z X @* Z ~

kZ +Z z H
.nE ^
$ gzZ " , ~(,X @*
Y 70 ~ X C~ G.gzZg Z vL LX { c*
i
^
V-I ( ~F ) " , KgX @* ,
Y3g~s'Ug :
x lZ Fv
( +77) Insulatyed~ V ~
X * ,~
@Y 3g ~ s' X ~FgzZ ~ "
~ y 0*
" N*
] ~F zg
X @* i
Y3g" / ZL L~X
D"e
+ a30-20)VE0*
Zg X C~ ( } t X
zu p Z
8T~g {z ZL LgzZ CY ~g @*
Z T ~ V'
,g;- g
X ZZ "
X yZgz xgzZ g @*
Z
D Y e X @*
Y c* ~ w;
@6,l ,7ZX
D Y yz zg gzZ ~
i Z ) ~ s'
* ( y 30 10)6Zgz s
@Y Hs 6, i T~~ \R, X @*
c Zgz ,qt X 7qy
tC !*
Y5C )g f
@YHnz g:s'
* ,a X
Zzq MjtX X
~wzNVzg Ztu~
IE 4]
45F
G-M -G
gzZ g i -L-wze k 0*
}X T Zz g @*
Z 6,i a
T~ VE0*
y

170 169
 c* +y
g h
{ i @* 8z5 4 6,|
X # z w Zz x8 }g **
)X * #yZh Mo7Z
CYPW9-R,
@Yc*
G
4]
X C 7) Z s' ,yZgz 8 X Zz c ZQ c*

D } w * g mZ yZ6,i gzZ ( l=g fgzZ
@Y c* /u ~(,q
- Hi
E
'
O kZg z
/gzZ `gV CY g6,i T ~ jt X CY ~ q ~n ( ** p ) ) Curing
VZz .| # z c*
@* # c*
Y c* x8X

Z6,gzZ m,
 z X ~gz **
uF,X
{
YE
(C C-#F M cZ ) X @*
( yZgZzWgzZg E Y H: Zzg6,\Z <
- c*
VVzZ s ~kZgzZqg ZzZa gzZ { c*
TX F, i { c*
i @*
N Y
TgzZ
f
X
7 e g
DZzeg
X C7}~y
{)z**
~V1e Z6,Cc*
F,
z{z ~ !* Y 6,g k Ty

W V @* ~ yZ
Dh
+yuZy
 y xg ~7 a %g
~ ~
p @*
gp Z(,a
X 7 +y
h T]gzKZ T
X C
# g rLX 6,kZ ;g @*
Z 3 T{z {g !*
wX {z @*
3T{ i @* yy C 7~
J
-bZzZm y 6,i a

3~!wZ Q7T
X ~(,gq @* }X @*
i kZgzZyKZ {g e" ~ l0* .z ggzZ @*
YW~]
-Z yZ( X CYyn,
w ~ i q ze yZ(}g7 TV X OX
D Ya~ p
gy gzZ
/
X ` Zg zg [Z1X z TgL
8T(w $
+ +'
Z kZ1 gh gzZ gZ6,g~(,q
-Z ~

wEZ~ Vvy 0*
X @* 35 25 T ~ Za ]q?f } wt X }Z
@* + } wX M7x Z
{Z
+
X ngzZ C{i @*
Tt gi ) Serfdom kZ V X 3gwzN6,gu kZX
+y
kZ X
Dh , z c*
T~ gA } ) c Z D F, $ V gzZ
X 3gx (
$ d
d
Z^g 0*
X
D Y$ ]YZy {zb
Dh
n +' vt X
f V7c*
e n } wgzZ
D Y
V;zgzZ Yc Zt xi~^( ,g) c*
T{i @*
{ Zp Zzt X
CY C P
]c*
gz Lg k(, 1X{g @*
 n Z
d~uX M%ZgzZ6'
~g ] ,g7 y*
0 Y c* d~u } }uz
gu ] Z TKZ @*
{ Zpn 0*
nzH @* J
7Z Z n-Z
# gzZ @*
n
X 7{z1 o Z (,
Zzh
+yT {z [Zy
L L{ c*
i r

/ZX }| 6,7 f
# z $gLg
grLa], wZVgzZV7V; Vz
6 {z A
KZ{ Zpn {Zpn
$X [ n n
w c*
gzZ

V72X C7 OZ. g7akZX
CYx **
lt1
Sg k
 +k
w$ KZY7 Zi W1 Yw$
, + e {z
/Z X @*
g66,&T
: ~g^+Z
Sg C/isVZVgzZ
X 0* 8T
6,7wt~wOX Y7
X

172 171
" ~ ZvgzZ6,e T r" gzZ h" j" ~gizg" X +R,{z
7rg V gzZ L L Vg 0*
N H 2- i (
g gzZ ~7e #T ~gzakZ c*
; V-zg { Zg q {i g7L Lq
bkZ gzZ X m| (,: W -2- i
+R, y 0*
X?
xmgzZVz
V=p~
-bZ
J C~x X
2- i
y# % ( ~
gzZ]*n) Zz y

+R,
X YHsp}g7 ~g X a 0* +Z X a $
Zw7$ +Z **
Z96,

Y XV\} (,} (,
V !*
i
G 1X 2
58E ~
~g Vp6,igzZ 7ZZ a ~

Y
&
+Z V a
t X ]g~g ;gaz ]g@*
[ c* G 1
58E gzZZ +X c* +'
yvh Z V X 3g 0*
M F, Z
ZgzZ
,zWg yxg V j
50 Mt X ;g=gf Z W' s~uz H W, ,g ZzZa sq
O b~' -Z ]W~

xZ Y yiz J
/ 100 . -H100 t X @*
Z 12 gzZ Zha Z~

6,cgzZg D ]t ~M~cgzZ 46,x ;zZ ~Ig 46,#

7Z~yZUkZ ~{Xxn~g120001500Zz X mZ e
X @*
VzX **
: Lg ^ g ~(,
~F,
~
a

Y
- { b & D H^s G
J 1t
58E gzZg Z cLg c ZgzZ N Y Xv5 yxg LZ
-{ g ~uz {g q
w J -Z% L yLZ LLgzZX D ,
W' 
gz] &g ZX Y~ W'
,Tl],
Ze
X f
ew Zg7~Y X
Lg ' , ia

Wg V~ X ;g { ZC ]g 6,g]g @*
a
L7 YE4X
J]1 w~ w 5 gzZ Z ~0
+e y g Z { h gzZ
y
iX ~ggzZ s.X C6,e } (,W'
, Z X ~gz x ^k XZ R,m,
dq-Z 6,i a
X
~gz
+ w C Z ]g ZzR,
$ ~ ( V z7,v 2)V zg0
g !* +Z - J J D6,x **
gzZ Z J ** < {0
+?gzZ {
.gzZ X @* (
wgzZ/% S) T7Z i~ TX ]g w {J#
BVz
ADBP X } 7,^ui Z Vp 
@* -!WgzZ g CZi)gL{ i @*
W ( E gzZ ( vg ; gzZ Ml Q )gL V a
OZgzZ Z F, ,w
X b
x cg7g ) Z W C
W-ZgzZxnX CW( ~ H) L WgzZgLX
X @* ZgfBWakZ 7F,Qa X **
~ 7F, ` 6 DZ-
' Y
-x YgzZ ]gg g7
J ` /E
.E g !*
y*zy G 1
58E w
V X g l=gf Vz!*
Hc* V ~
sX
gWg V;zgzZ @*
~ Z6, ( gP OF &S) T#
Z Z ** 7&
~4~ ]q Y
Vz
X N Y m, +Z

174 173
 E E
+E
4 B
5
X
CY G Z ~(,~ ( Z ) Z Z gzZ wze xn % }6, +g
g z ~i

4e XD Y
Y E
ZvgzZ ,gL V(gg " y
G - ( 6Z)g E
1J
58E C+i
5G4E
e q h V1e Zz 8
g Z6,TX
f
+Z 5~gg0
i Z0 +Z
/{gG i
M -. KZ

h Y WJ XD e ~ Cg q ZzVVgzZ!* V;zXD Y
nC
Y
X C 58E
G ,Z gpgzZ V(gg V" y
{y ~ t Z
1 gzZCW'
X CWg ,gL{ i @*
**
g gzZ ~@Zi V;z)g f
n^ ( ^m (k:i Y
V )g f G 1 X C ( y+) ]
58E d~u]g ~(,
 k$ C e ^
x ~ ~
t X k ,ZR,
g g !t
 CW,q wO Z1X CY ( T#), q ZzgzZ hZ
~gX
DwEZ}g Z Z c*
vZ~ gzZbg Fg7X CW7
X
_0 Zg
XgFg7
]m
~i X3
-Z
Dq @} i t X @* a{g
s H 0*
~ x LZ g V
{z V 7Z X
DC g Z Zz ( )>X
g Y D [Zg Z X k
!*  ~
M vt X
Xg eg W yZk
h gzZ ~(,Kg bC ,Z F,{ c*
; c* [Z 6,g Z }uz X
`
i V X
g Y G ( Z ) R,
kZ 7Va X J
-- Zz MJ
-
a35 J
-V X
X
CY6,V, R,

X{ c* zgzZ~TX @*
iVz B; x Zg a 3
89zgge: Zizg *Z Z(,
~{ JW M
X k a{gG ~ ZzM KgtX @* X Cg Z ~Mt
~st
CW9zg3525 e9zg&J eg !*
6,X
f X X @*  V"
YZ h Vr k
~(,+Z X @* X
9zg k6,~sX
7,JWZ gY 0* Gill-knetter
a
bZX
(v)~c
& CyZ ~gzZgz!* a{a M ~} T C ^
-
J , *z
X CYZj kz&
+ZgzZ '
, ~tX CWg ~ **
Biau X C
A Ygg!*
q t
~}g!*
-ZgzZ CgZG0* yZ 4
Yvt:gzZ
C7,,h Zg ~ kZ: C Sdt: J
X @*
~x3, - a {a ~}kZ
gzZ Gill-KnetterX C D
176 175
9zg 650 9zg 200 t X CgH [yiz 76,^
, ZakZ
ZgW )X C ~g!gzZgZE X C7,7~ZF,
y** : Z 9zg 4 5 M F l o a t s X C J
gzZ @* - x Z
/ X ( CwEZ ~V~~i[Z
Winch gzZ FloatsV(g y**
wY) @* / 9zg 125g
x Z -Za ~(,+Z
J WX C7,]gz ( g ) *Z} (,q
Y IE
X (
E
5k ceHZg7 q
-Z X C ]gzVz
/ ] 0*
gzZg }uz k
J ~ Vv ~(,

D wEZ~ V KgwYy** zq
{gG k -/ ~ ~1JZ 6zZ kZ V gzZ X a q
-Z @*

, c Zg~wYX
D 0*
T ^ ,
kgzZo{ c*
i
DwEZwY ~i *Z L L 80 70 ~ sX Lg ~X @*
;gx 6,Vv
ztgzZ @*
VZ 0* Y 0*
** ,6,g X @*
VZ B; ^ 6,n gzZ Thg !* ~ ._ } i Z0
M50 wC +Z q
-Z X
sz^~
:X
DwEZa:( g ~c
) wY ZzJX @*-
J T80 M30-20
X
k
ZgzZ vL L~ c

YZ ~ i y

Prawn~ ~ m, ( % Te ) bW Cod Liver 6,Rz kZ x ~
g Z q ( :)v M ( !*
-Z X @* /z z V X M
)^ Z vtX Y0sz6,R,Zzt @*
% Tug  CY
x L L 160z+q
X @* z +:eL L
-ZgzZ @* XD 6,
t X
D Lg c Zg~ kZ X 8 c* -Z [Z
WwY * q y
! fVX C {tzf a
ZgW zg0 +Z yZ
wY
X C{ n~g7 T @* + LE
Zu y
Ch &Zg WgzZ ~g3g V/Z6,}u ~y
W
Zz #
gz' % X #
% { c*
i Z *
@Y @*
**
Z6,wY V V -Z a
'' {e ZgZg WVR,
X x <g Wq ,
y{ ~i {ke
%X M6,z: Zizg9zg 150
~ Vzy'gX
yb zZ ~ # ,
X Ck'/zZ {yq
-Z
X ( ce **
wq[ T
C{ c* %
igzZ )X
Cx #
wY ~
X 4
P C ~(, ~

tu Z (, kZgzZX k
{ c*
{,F, ,
i V X
{k /4E
e Zz E N& wY B~1kZ
X
T {gG{gGX
g Ztu,ZVX @*
g Z E
X CB g L L^Z g DT pX @* / 40 yiz XX
D wEZ wY} ha
x Z a&gzZE
a

Z Zzx ?
: bkZ Z wY Z Z}uz c* J
~ ) FloatsX $ -
a600MV Y

:( yL ) Z *
* -1 ,
Floats gzZ wY F { c*
i X
D Y 6, (
~g D
azC

g c*
g Z(,
t X @*
`g Z c6,M}g ~
g /t W ~ cZ X
D YKWg yZ@*
7 w Y X
gzZ y*
0 Y c*
g

178 177
 gzZ
D#
w izgX
N~gwYQWg ex  %wY )f pgzZg ZizZ gzZ @*
ZmZ @*
~/u~

:qX Lg +Z~}g !*
~wq]g{)z ygzZ Y{ i Z0 g Z
{zX @*
{

]zZgz' t q,j X CyT yZX @*
~ y Z ** Zg
wEZ (Sea man)y
X @* L L~ y!*
ic
a
X mep ( 8
gzZt ~~
Z **
X @* -g)y O^

{ h 0*
Zy L L& !* -Z ~g Z Z X Zz T
M Dq ( }u )-
8g -2
VvVz!*
egZz~Deg Zzy :
x ** VX Vz
z/ X Z-
5 wY gzZ @* yL kZ
M M X @*
/
egZz yZzg eg Zz 5
gzZ egZz/ eg Zz j*5 eg Zz a
eg Zz0 egZz z  X mex Z **
{z]gz
X {)z gZg e -3
h
X 7 +]. ~
k0*
V a
yZ }g X @*
`
Vzg *X
D kqgvt X
$" nw&
+t }g &*
~g Z+!-4

'
D Y D M J Zt
D O~g ZzZa CZ
-Vi X @* -y 20-25 kZVt
c gz!*
J
 /ZzgkZ VzgLZ7Z'xf}g ]C }g -5
9
FN
3 " V}i% i Z K g @*
-F LG xyZ6, " wEZa kZ b 5 L LgzZ

X @* VY L LZ
yZzwgzZ A @* ^I ZyZV

xt 7ZX $ Dv ~g ~
~gX
D J M i Z ~
wZ e wY{i Z0
+Z Zg D gzZnV[ M k
,i {zgzZX D #TkZX
s wYT{gD
s
wwYt X

,
k -Z ~
k
iz q ,iz y 0*
-Z ~ Vz
4Z
q /Z YZ H )X

VY L LX
Dg:~ V { TgzZ
D h s'
,

B; Zp\ M X ( dZk
, -ZgzZ { Z'
iz y
q ,u tdq
-Z ]g ~ Zi M KZ VMgzi a kZ #
%
zC
w Y X
D
X < Z9 ]gzpC cu8 X
Sg Ch M Z ~4z]
kZ\ M w!* .
z kZ
D Y gJ
- z ) Pz (
)  Wz T
Tg D6,[ M Rw!*
t X N M ((? wY
V Y 4 X yZo L Lx **
x T gze X g
L Lx ** t X
z 50 ~ !*
M V a
X V wY ~g
L L V L L r
- L L \ MoL LbZX n
L Lx **
g DVKg} v
w wYgDCZQX
s W &]ZggzZ
wwYWg ex 
Y
@* u v X
x ** VhZ g DX E 5H 5 L L x Z'
4G , .z k
kZZz Yg Dw] pg~ V { Zzg: s'
B { zX
n ,z#

180 179
 V; g ZtuwZ + F,
t }g X ;g @* + Vz
}g
$ gDkZ ~V
X @* /
TghZz bV6, gzZ
D nzHZ **
 wTt Z g e &~ \R,
# ? 3Zz X C VMg ZD -Z
q
7,p6,}uzaZryY V;zgzZ Z Z
@* q
-ZX
X
D Y ]YZy
Z}g ^ ~ g {q m)g f 16,
X y 0*
pZ * Z M C nzH +Z ~g Upz ~ Zi M nzHX {)z gZgzZ #
X
 % uZgp: ]g zL~ ]YZy
Z yZ
IEH
} 9 Ej4&Z: Z F,aO: Z F,

Zi M ~Z 14X
Zi M gzZ Y S M X CY ~ .
B; % @* S M S M g
$!*
X pZ * Z M ~ Zi M ~g Xa kZ a kZ X h V 0*
M kZ T x Zww' k0*
| l, {g e ~{ M X gh
e Z ** +y( <z Z wY )gZzZa
@YgZg ezq
X * zq
-ZgzZ C -Zq
-Z ( }u )8
-g z
c* []Zg(Z
~g7 Z ~g {zX g U
g(Z w8
Z@** -g X Yw Z **
X Ys'
,
L `g e% Czz%
M
[Z% gzZX q
h w
[ZgzZ y k~ y k ~ kX ~],
ZZgzZ
.N yKZ ]|''y k~g
.N a
|} =Z}
Z}
X
Vg v a
{1'Y 7~gA ~g Z'g
Z&
+ ui **
L 3E ~gA 'ga
~
r~ a
) X
C ~
{!*
X ( 7J
-[Zg
e 0*
h %yg ezX C M :Zz y
uZgp gZ #
ZX
D`Vz
yg ez gzZ
D Y ~
Vw!*
Q ~
Q gQ D 0*
V KZ~ * FiX ~gz' 7Y
B ? y g e ~
g e Y H''~gZg / ~ 
hg\ M: ~V
hy~:gzZ
M
X VIZ N

182 181
 [!*
VZv0*

=zVa

` Zzgzg

184 183
c*
: ~0* YVp6,g gzZ ~kZ1
kZ2X
$
t= q \ M X C ~ Zi M
z ~ ~ 
-Z c*
(Z `
X C 7~igz s T y gzZ M M {z ` Zzg 1X 6,\ M
c*
@* : X '7{)z X @*
** Z ` ZzgX 7
Y
Zw c*
~zb
x ~g Ztu~ ]g=zX $ c*
V; X ]Q
D7Z a kZX
D o0I
ugigzZ w0*
X
g ~{
bD{ez Zi M a
X C Zgz D~ ZZ~ ` ZzgkZ
t a kZX q Z
a 1X Z ~ bD Z ` Zzg kZ ]!*
Vg ~g ZzZa ~g Zt uI 6,ggzZ
x Z Z *Z Z
X @* Z (,
7t akZ

t
gzZ C (ZggkZ {z1 C g Z ` Zzgzxg4Z~g Ztu ] ]gzpg " Va
VzgzWgzZ Vj ( Va
)
at :ZyZ
D
z}g Z Z {!* { c* Z@~ kZ
igkZ Z b ~ekZ Z?
'
, -Z Va
pX Hy1 e1e~ p Zg
iq
Vzg Z Z Cc*
!* Y0 iz
` Zzgz xg V;z X @* c*
gX
D X H Za
QX CY ~ ]g~k
, +ZVzg Z ZgzZ VZ
7ZX
D zg0 z kZX gzZi !*
- # Ilg a

H
X}g Z Zg Z' {g Z Z Z VpZa=yQ
,_ Zf gzZX @* kZX i !* 5-
gzZ ~DgzZ M {n a
X gz M gzi1gzZ G
u **
-ZX
'g~i Zz n~ y

Zz wzNg u {zq X
S(,gzZ Sh Z D ZF,
~zggzZ { (w!*

~ Vg~i ZVz yZ X ~ ] z yLZ }g Zuz gzZ ~V ]Z KZ a
X @*-V'a kZ fhzZg e6,
J u]gkZ
b g Z Y
X #z !*
LLgzZ
D M t Z ; NLL { c* rg 7d: {VgKZ {za kZ lz$
i~ 3gg {zX +: {~ bz
N
X Cb_+ F, zzY: yZZ" V; VpZ~g Z 6gzZ gzZs
V-
yY JgzZ tZg ` Zzg Y
C
I ~Xu 1 @* tz+ F,
( 1) X Zz g Z dZgzZ,j !* w5 wZ7gzZ C
gzZ ` Z'
-Z~ Y
LZ ` Zzg X
D ` Zzg x ~g Z
Y
+ 4q Y 3g w g~ Va
X b Z ~ m,
@* Z=z

186 185
 EX C M: 7]gzL ; c*
t LZt ]!* Z c*
z gzZhY X
CY{6zj6i `
%T @*
=g KZ
-gzZ b Z ZayZ
MgkZ V- Zi M z
X
7J -ZQgzZX @*
`
` Zzg Y(q Y@*
F,
t X @*
7qY `
1
D ZyKZ'
,Z' zt QgzZ
,X: { ZZ Y (xZ
# {z
Cg ZzZa  '{z `
X uzg "(,
M
+y
Z tX YY: Zh ZX [ 0: Ke z Z yKZ X : M gzZ
-Z ` Zzgzxg
CYC F,

@kCbiq
X :]gz!* 6S7,
" gepgkZgzZ ~Z
R, c*

D 0* +
{g {0i{ s{zV ZzgaZX Y 7 Mh
+' {z %} h
KZt X K Z Zz Z~ yZt ]!*
Z ~ xg a
+Z >g D
sp~ i Z0 +J-Ah
+' Q c*
V D VCK
F6,sgzZ ~ !*
tzz''X
F +x \}g7 ZZz b!*
W p {Z ] g a
t ~ V/}uzX V n
zYz pg { g D
X M 7Z ~rX
{ Za K Z Z *~wqZ W 6 '!*
+
5BB g Z `
{0i X ' 7Lxz z
X Lg @* $!*
z2Z zwZ" yQ {KZgzZX
Tg D Za ]5
- Z ZaX 1
J X Lg @* Byp6 *gzZ *
 %g FgzZ J h1**
@Y@* Z6,
^5: F,
~ ` Zzgiq -ZX s$ +7izg ` Zzg}g / g
&A N
y lpgzZ Z (,q
t X @* ?a ~ 0
-Zg pgx ** +i KZ F, ( F) q Z Vzk
~gz ** ,ez\ }g7 gzZ gZuX
@* o gzZ l { c*
Y c* gzZ C
iZ}X ~ C * g ~}g !* kZXa
kZgzZ X gY kC ]gzF,
~ }g X Lg7~ *x **
%tX {gzZ ?} ~p{g~ ` Zzg } ~gX Vg x  z x \
aZX @*
Y 3gyzZa x **
a X @*
{!*
pgx ** ~g( gC [Z )g Zu ]!*
F, ~g %ZV; X M
wEZ a y kZ y L L
sVzg e
D YZz Zz X @* & `
 +Z1''}
XwJLE
Zz y X
D W} ( ] ) ^
gzZ
D YK %f 7x  g Z Y
x 6,g~
g Z I kZ @* C` Zzg
@Y Hx Z Sa ~ 0*
7X *
y Zz kZ Xg Z VvkZgzZ 6,
]50 t z Z ]NkZ
+
X VVz0g
D
yZ } U ~ ]g~k
,t [Z : ~k
, z t X
L t Z L Vh
g **-W J W] @*
3J @*
Y c*
Jm W g e gzZ * {P V;z
@Y c*  @* X : ]!*
Zz kC)kZ X 7
@* !*
WC 3Vz% Zz W~ VCI IgzZ Y
 X n ** gzZa \!* kZ
V t X D C 7izZ Y + Z X
Ht
HZ
wZjZ wq L Lg c
kZ vg )
# 3X @*
4Z Z ,  V- Zi M jkC)X 2 kZ % ~

188 187
 z! ~ u zg D,z qz ~ y

sz^ X ? 3gx ** WL L 7
H d
6,V Le 7t (]Z LZ yZx CZg p
g
X V#L L M[Z
{( ]z ]Zy
gzZA { Zg zY 3Z z DgzZ } 6, X
ug IL L
,
X
D 'z ug I**
z )
, N Yw !* X 
YZzhL L
i Q~ 4 !*
y!* zgZX
{ c*
i }p~gz)~[}g ;q
weA
ZX
}gz {

DY J 7,d
$ ZgzZ L y EI
$ }LQ
!XX m] ;qZZ Cd I
ib
X ~gzbK
M F,
[._Vgz]gzZV0
+iia 6, }cLZg@* Zw!* CgZ# `V!*
6, W
ud
]| X bzskZgzZ {0
+?~ Y (gzZbx ~g X ( Zgf~y EII)X *
ib oVX
DYb8
@Yc* -N*
Y
i}g vgzZgz}gv{zYz: bKZV LZ L L c* Z

ni ] 3e
X
7Za a
gzZh i **
e}' +
gzZ e 0 +
igzZ 0iyKZtX [Z] D
z kZX ^zg ~(, q
-Z ~ { Zg gzZ J 7,X y!*
i
X @* DX @*
[" i Zg {7 C g a ])zkZ
Za kZX Y 7{g Z
0zg Z ~ m, i ~ * {z Z
/ y!*
Z **
zDX @* !*
C V VH1Vzq gv &
8!* +e
i ~g ~g X K^yW~kg/Z M! QX ~gz{zZ {g
3!*
kZgzZ X 0*
,k
' B Zz : EZ q
-Z yxg 0
+?z DgzZ wZ z D
!* VZ
x b 3] } h=QgzZ
CW . RL
zg D CZpV2z yKZ~k
X (C B
y
b VzgZ Vv * X
CY gzZ
CY v
q{ D{z
/ZpX @*
Y u7g egzZ @*
u7g eD"
i ~g sgzZ s~
~ y!* C
gc_t k
, vZ
X @*/
gQ m1Z
# gzZX m1{zQ Y
KZp^t hJ 7,
 Z ~2Z C- X Y~
+
gzZ + Y gxB]gzZ 0 ,
ik+F,
5 /Z zg {z D

gzZX YdZz VzggzZ ` Zzg gzZ }iug @* $y!*
pz d i
Z x**
+Z X CY C } ], CJ (,W p6,
V~uz kZ
Z  t ]gV; }g 1X Y ~ }g !*
kZ ~kZX C
Cix** LG
 VL L
ic
H KZ~g z
6ZgzZ 1x Z c
X
` y!* /! zg Z
6,g ,
KV 0*
~Vz0 zg
+ZVOzg D ]Z|{z ZzZ
LZJ# X, 7Z_s 7
-Z -Yh y!* -Z
i KZJ
# X c*
zg6,h 0
+ /Z {z
D YgzgkZ zgX
Tg
i K Z
gzZ F,~g J z kZ N : ]z Z ~ kggzZ Vzg Z Z (
-
s
X Tg7g 6, (Z
e **
&
190 189
~g Zg Zz 4z yKZ { c* /
igzZz6,{ c* ~g Zgt7
i gzZ3!* ~ V !*
** i ~g ~
Cv J
-Z 70
# X$ +i sZ z aZ
+?p1% g Z q
X ~Vei S 0 -ZtX C # X , 7jgzZ i~
-Z
[ kZ J C N Zz7g
X **
^C J zkZ Y7~/J
- -Z
# zkZ :6,gu~g Z)f
-
X 7e],J xg p- ay
A :8

|
` C 6g
g X C~]g% c* /ZgzZh
e x uz W : b[Z
# X
D Y` g~ yZz z V3gCZz`
Z -Z ~v%zDax ~g [ZX $
qq 7
Z'
,} /1
L Hg~iZz MZz`gzZ CYZ tzq
L -Z CY X ZI~gz**
[NZ
X
],
CY !* ], W V# ],
d Do,E -^

Cz ~V; z6, 'ggZg m, ! n gI gI
X@* ~VzgX  FamiliaX
~~ m,
ZyZ0
+{
Y & gzZ CZ' J~ 7Z X * @Y Y L L 7wEZaVyZgzZ} h { ~ 
st X @* t ~ qz
]gzpg E
L i8gzZ w E X wZeg~ 1X rZe h
L i8]gC wEZaV
FamiliagzZ xwy FamulusX @*
X @*x M ~gzR = X z~B;gzZ CY @YHwEZaVXq
X * -Z6,g
E
45J]
"
Y G ,} Z L L Zgy: X 7
Z' / I~ Va

C yZ(X ` Zzg~ g Vc*
H0* F~ g @*
~g D]!*
t
X Y zZ X  L L{ c*
i }}~ y
}g7 hgV
(N
Dp ^: E n EFL Lx **
X
g zL L Z~V _ b kZ~V
ba
|
~ 
X @* / ,
$Ik' {g
gZD H7x!*
!* L 

g L % L L z Zz ]Z Z6,_ Z
/
gzZ % } KZ yZ0 ~ x ~g ZtugzZ weA D
+{gzZ ~  !* W~z e gzZ
g X @* B @Vz
A ]!*
o {g Z Z t V!z g @*x~ Va
X
D d
$ z X @*
Y @*
x 
X
g C M Vp K Kg ~ }g Z Z kZBB g Z Y
}g X ,
' ,LZ xX @*
Z'
g~ y W LZ C
'
gZ, Z }g Z ZkZ1X n}gzZ3!*
~C <9 } ;g} Vz Zi R LZ F,{ c* X
D ~gZ g V Zz
i v x !*
X
g Vc* 7]gzZ ]~ Z
 ZX g ZFq
Z -Z~ VpqS
Dgg0
+Z\ c*( Sub-tribe )
+eL L g @*
0 X
DgH }gt !*
gzZ ~  X
DV~V\}uz
~V y
X CY t g@*
B gH g @* V# nz x Z ~Z ~g Zgg0
~ kZX @* +ZyZ0
+{

192 191
 Y Zzg : 0*
X LgVZzgg?ZX @* L L xCZzkZZ
# gzZ gH k
X @* iz L L
, gzZ m,
z R kZgzZX 4B { 
!*
L LAz
/ zk
,igzO e ; L LVgg z Zg f V X
D s%]YZy
~ ~ 

ZkZgzZx OZ~ 
) lzgc lzgC
X ( izgizgC L L' @*
g6wyKZgzZ { c*
F,
c* i ) 7Zz YH %fX CY~ +
$Y %( ^ )]
6,c[g Zz m,
gzZ V&_
o X y CY cy~  gzZ ~ Zz (
D YK %f} sVvZQ c*
0* 5
6,VWax kZ'gX
C'
Cyipg{!* ,Q c*
N*M Va% YHs Az x OZ
X @*
D }g }Va% c*
V1 L M '
, +
Z J0~ Vzg yZ X
ZZ b!* Z Az vX
D 0*
~ ]YZy x ,Z6,gZx }g
{ c*

DF, i ( Zz Az ) X
CwEZ $g"g t {zgzZX
t X
g OL L&
~ ]g V- c*
-Z c*
q g
-y Az :Zz )Z kZgzZ Zg 0*
zJ Zzx S0
+ bq
{z n [vgzZ ]gzp ZZ }uz
+F,
-ZX @*
Xw ( Y Z -Za1}uzq
X
}uzq -Z
-cm~g Q Vy\ Mg !*
D Yx @* -ZZ
q # ~Oe L LZ X * ~ y IV { c*
@Y c* i c*
q-Z g @*
'g M sV Zz AzX CY Sq ~- ZgzZ
VHX
CB]Zg y V& kZ X

-]Zg ~ 
XgzZ ; J
Y
g- iXg- i}]g ZZgzZ 4}" $X
Cz4g-i
$KZd X
zgD}uzgzZO
C~ 
, **
zh
~ 
X
D# c*
x OZ 0* /
~X
D Yx Az%
u6,gyg e ~ 
w!* +F,
M {zX CZ'
J? } gzZg-i~  )g fV g x  X
Dnz 7w ZEYK %f X
D
+
x !Z 0i z kZ'' 7Z ( Q ) H!*
gzZ Zz { yZ X CY qz M V Iy &z X
x  C k0*
kM
]z Zz 6]ggzZ8{uu Zz 6L K
L kZt Xt
V* ( g ) Zgu LZ E!ze X C>gzZ X CY qz Z
hgy +Zz 1 ~p 0
+ z ~ w kZX

i 5
s 
n wZjZ wqgzZ t Z z b Z'
D y M
gzZ Z y !* Vzg Zg LZ **
. Vzm,
M gzZ Z] oKZ b
Y V_ Vg Vz X C Za ]g~ ( Y
q
-ZX
D
X
1e w kZ gZ]
.3 VgzZ V KZgzZ **
Y {g X
DQVc*
gyZ X ]!*
D]g
Vzg^ LZgzZ Czgg Zig Zi pX

Z w
MgzZ MkZ D Y 9zg k c* 0*
0* -Z
-Z q
q @ @ g vyZ E!ze
Y w kZX wg skZ **
Q6,zgkZ1X @* g c*
zgX Cg c* g ^( {g])zG.2E!X
D OZguF, i E!zeX
g L LkZX

{ c*
#
g Z ~'
,zg6, gzZ p L L'gSh1 X @*
Y > Z'
,
D 7,6 eg kg _ ~g6 V:x}0
+ /ZX @*
i t Y

194 193
 X ! yZ-gzZ}gv
g {0
+iX @*
F,
Q~ X e7**/
Z M y
Cg :gzZX

gzZ D
bC /Z VQ ~gO L L CZ CZ ]Z|~ ~ 
VZ  wY ^zy ~ Va
 Zz
Z )uZzVH ~ 
.H
-gzZX
D M ZZ sZ~ II D~g7 E
iZz M q G2$g 7)u~V\ M 7s M {z X '7( #g cuV gzZ
wZjwqL
X @* L nVogzZgrX h
xsL L;
*: g 4X
CY [ta VY 0 '!*
z kZ * ~g tX Z e
g6,gSa
zkZX @*
izg}uzb # V( ZX CZ
Z W ]g{z X @* ZgzZ k**
gi q
X
DY M ZiV gzZ Zi RAz k0*
+azu%K t L L
Z **
Zx Z
# gzZ
C7,~ : M
X @* b O$X
Cg0
J 7, +Z+m, 5<X\kZV
&ZpgzZV G 6 LZ ~g e" {z X }7]g }x
x {z{ % 0*
z L L
z k Q c*
m, Az V
R X C
{
-E

1 L L~ : M gzZ t 0
+ w
i ~g X $ @*
Y c*
gzZ @* qz Z Z**
Y H %f]Zg 7) @*
3 ~ 
X
D 0* t X ( n Y c*
x **
3V Zz Y6,x }k
, ) VZzl
gzZVz  @*
: X 74=Z [gvZ:Z~ e
: Xv:C $Z a
X
D}uzgzZ hz | hz {~i !*KyZgz kZ X J
: -W
&zB LZ y !* LZ { c*
M \!* i { c*
i X C kZ hz ~$X
] Z [g Z m,
Az V Zz M xgzZ xz wzZ V
l e q -Z {| M q
-Z Aa q -Z Zg q
-Z q
-Z _ q
-Z V" ,8
f' -g gzZ V^ Kg Kg:
/z X
gY D ~ y

Z e ~ tz1 Z Z h| M q
-Z _ q -Za "0
-Z gq +!*
hz {X
D}g ~ y
/y ~$g 'gzZ z wY
X @* /
7~gz: gzZ ( g-i ) c X CY
z YZ N Y( g-i B;)T N
N } &
+e kZgzZ Z&
+e~B; g Z?"k ~hX Cm
y kZX
Z \!*
pg gzZ Vl X
,q ]gz{%izgt .Hgz MD* '' X ; ,i Zz M c Z G,c Z G,
0 Z} gzZ
X
( y ) r L L ez~ hz kZX @*
A Zzh
-Z hz V M X
l 6, q
m, zg ZpyZgzZ
Dg a b Zzg Z Z]
z M LZ pa
.Z !*
wEZ t ay/8~~
kYkvX @* u zc
LZ
_ {zX
Dg a Vz9gzZc l
gzZrs+yk QBkZX ZzWz *t X {# Z KZ vg)
,Fg !* ~h #gzZ a
X YV 0*
~ kZ 3 Zzh
+' BkS X x z])X @*
J x Z Z Cz { (EuLZ hg?1 kKZ @*
g @*
Qu~ @*
g @*
Q1
N
X y@ 7g ;
5 7g L L hz D c* g ZKZ 0*
/8 Z KZgzZ @*
VQ V !*

196 195
k]Cg ZuVXgzZ ~2giX ;g ; } Cgz g ZuxX
X D z ]X 2
C
X C 1uZxg Z}= /X ( M ) C
/gzZg Zk] a

f
~g X g Y g(kZ 1x ~uzgzZ ;g Y @* /[Zp
` Zzg C
KzgX @*
7x OZzx ZZ ZhaM W 3X @* 3 Z{ a

gzZ tgzZX *
)g !* +!*
@Y J0 u Czp ZX C
6, /~ G EM EE
lZ F,b Z O$ ]L (Sand Stone) mX
( y ) E$
X 3g Zz EE
Kzg 5 xn M 7 ~ ~ /g X
@* Z X
^ Z Z
(ZX D YgE w!*
v:F @* u~ Va
EE
X g ZgzZ6,@*
CM7gzZ ~ eze {!*
x lZ
D Y} 9gzZ
|0
+!* Zu Zuz V !*
`ZV 0* Z
#
Y 1 u L LkZ CY KzggzZ q
` Mt X @* -Z ~ \Z
- 6,V !*
J z!*
J@
DE Z w!*
yZ
EE
.cIe c

v M QO ggzZ @* ~ q
Z VX  -Z E
z ] C ~a V !*
]gzpgzZ u
p yZ X @*
7kC
/g0
x !*
+ZgzZ v M C Y 3g N*M
X @* /w{x
/q
-Z}g )
pg6,V 0* gxZ(, **
~KZX @*
/~X C#
Z
X
Z
/Z~Z+F,
~ u +pgzZ ~(, YHs xZ(,
~(,X @* } (,

~!1._X C 7q x ** +
~ 0 +: {q
i lz$ -Z
q])gzZ s !*
gzZ ~ k t Y w~yxgD
B c* EH 4 -!
@Y HwEZ ~!g #y~ v M {)z 3GgzZ <XG}
ZX *
k Q1g ~gY~Z{z" X f\7~kZ
X ],
/c*
X 7~wEZVrx -d
a%cuJ
$
a

Zg Sh Z W]gzpkZBVs ~ .
} Lg]zZ X @*
[@* wEZ lg !*
6,gx 0*
g6,Sh ZB; X C
KgzZ wKSh ZX C Z~ ~ !*
W KZ
X
`0* /
} z W 0*
gzZ{}}X
N Zg Y 1gzZ yKZ~
rg j
+%zh Y e ''X @*
** Q {z Y c*
Zg7~ wqC w
X
D Y kvgzZ
D Ytg rL
) !*
X F nVa
n rf gzZy@*

^f
p ^fi (o: ^fi
*]Z W,
1X
kg 0* Zpgw!*
EgzZ } C?
X WJ $Zzg T D \ ~ J
-^e -gz e a

ZX C
( CC ) k V
wz IZ|
/$a

X ;g: [zuZz Zg ~%Z^X Mf kZ((~ ~
k |
C: # I kZ X M
z Zg 7 C
/$Z
X g W[ZX I W~yZy,q gzZ
Zq
~i q -Z Zz 7 C ~X Z k]Zg ( @* $
C )A
198 197
-A Kzg zgX C gz {!*
J ]) ~i Zy Zg X ~} a
n% * q
-Z%Z
~*kZ CY q
-Z { Zpym{X CYq Ze ~ tX \g- Z {zQgzZ 5 V!*
Y~1492 V
a V ]~ Vx X Y c*
%f= y!* ^= ~ i Z~ X ~y ! Z {zX W 6,]
i** }uzX Y3 **
3N* zq
3 -Zs yq
-ZyX @*
Z ( 2) X c*
W~V
N*
Z Yt V;X @* 3~+}uz k0*
** k W Z 7, Z Z @Y h7L L&~ fgzZ @*
h7 X * Y \ wZ e ~
Y
^gzZ Y |0 ~ g e KZ {z @*
+!* a
} KzgZ y!* v W ( )F .j WX *
7) IG Cgzp 7gzZ ( Zg )
@Y c* ~
Z @* Y Ha kZt X3 Y u}V yZgz
7x @* 8-g cugzZgi? Vza
}7 7X @*
wEZ Z x OZ
X 7c* VJ
0* -+{zJ z3
- ~%X
DgzZ
=~}gZX * H%N
D8g
@YiF
ygzZ kl~i Zyaa

X i**
=~ 0* k Qi 7,X {t~ 0* **
c W1~
D+qE o3 kZgzi ( )F -Z kZgi 7,t6,g Z Sq
7) ;q -ZQgzZ
D
&}~T)+Z\z
%iwJLE /VD X @* ~g Zz
Yzi 7, W kZgzZXZa
/g
Dg b

LL~T @* }(,zq
-ZX
t
qZ Z(,q -Z~%gzZX p] ^`
X gzZ
rgZgC rgz]'
, ,
Z' X
DY}(,
C Z q *
-Z ~i Zy ~ Va
b}DC
V X
D7Z~ T @*
6,]g @*
} (,
C ~i Zy~ _ |
a
X @* gzZX @*
# KZ `
C Y

g9
~gz ' X gzZ }@
D **
X @* Zg /|z V ~ },Z X { lz$
gzZ gZ Z +: { 4 q
-Z
X ~ ^}g Z Z {!*
gzZ ~ F, Z~XDv c*
Z m, g M V;z:g&6,VKzg xnV
$g`ggzZT
kZX eVx .
Db<nE X q
rgzg T -Z c* a;ggzZ 3Vz
gzZ y a
C )a
Z%X
%g YgzZ o nZg**
/gzZ Z
Vz X Y3V;z ** zq
3 -Z {z Wt  Dg )C
/{ Zg h
@* YHZg Kg0* ZzX Cq-Z VzgzZVly xg @* )X T
t Zt  jZz 7_gzZ lzgp~ i Z0
+Z id''
Y z 3
ZX Y 0g Zz a R h N ~ 5 Zg
O L Zpg Zga%._`Zzg kZgzZ
L ZX CY
X D Y7%vA: v L L %J# X
b3 Zg $
-Z ezggzZ * }
@Yq~# .kZy!* 7,I V
X @* )L L
,
CgzZ }kez } (, ~ z%~ ]gY ]i YZ X Z

200 199
t }: }~ V-zg }g 1 _ 6 J h CZ gT { Zp Y ]gX
D O$ c*
L i8g ZugzZ y M
B ]gz E { Z_ V3g
X Sgwq % OX CY gzZ *
@Y y yZ0
+{ nZg** hY a
z X
M
Ed
/fgzZ -O e
kZX
~ $Z ~(,V~ y
m, -Z X CY _ ZgzZV6gzZ wf
gypq
gzZ |zy ~ Va
{z
-Z~ Z y
~X
g zc<
q 6} (,
X # gzZ ~g Z Zzg~
Y
pgm ]!c*
X
n 5!ze H-E
E & tX @* -Z
Mq
+<
{o{zX 7L$ kZQ Z yg!*
-ZxZa

q ]5IX 3
X ;g7LyZzW'
, ik QX C Z7] X n
pg {o6,Z}
. q
-Z a

yZi{izgX
O$akZ
7{ c*
i,K~VDa ,gzZ(X D Z y M g ~g YZgzZ g {o~
e ` ZzgV}'
DC !* X
Tg ~V k O VvV
6,V
-Z wzZ y{X : ( 5 ) Z
q @yKZgzZ Z}
.X @*
Y ~
~gf 1zZX
D Y J
-u-6, a{igzZ b O$X

c1 @* .: *zgzZ y!*
Z} z a
kZ1c*
$y M LZ {g !* 6,
M yZx C
]|X @*
{ Z{ Zg7 eZ
~W{%izggzZ Vzgz}g~ - M /Z MXg
X
g Tg ~ ] D 7I v V J
X
}g /v LZ}gzkZX Za
m<!* % X ~ 7,7L]gz/Zz yg Z ~
CFxsZyZz!*
y
Y
H&
~ VzgZ )
,~Oc~V G34E X
h+%>XG -I
dX LZ}g z zc1
DC !*
Gk! Y y{X ;g:: *z)!* X {bgzZzgx3,
< + F,
[v%Z
~0* 2VzHE
~wZ G.G
zg J e G45 O S { .c
z a )
Z E
O.( yIgzZ ]~ ]5I''x a
L L w
~ t[l ~ wgzu M~ y{ ~i {k
Zg{ ,eyZp gzZ ` ZzgzgIa
X ( 110:a

X
v{ Zz6," Z
vZcZ
+%/cgzZ ~gZTZg~gZT~i{
X
cZzVzh LZ a

yI V; kZX { ~ <
,z X 7!*
X~'~{ZzZnMyZU~ !*
M X wq y
X
Dw_vVzh N gzZV ~ *
" GLbX @*
$ Zz g )
Y 7 { # ,g Zu \{zkZ GJ GJ
Vv * Y -# ~gX %Z Y -# yZz H
xn[xn M1 xn~
q " gxk
$ X @* H g Zu 0*
8x ** ** t
~}g !* VK } X QQ~ i Z0 '
+Z ,
GJ
i Y -#
X D 7B; Kzg
Z ]| @* Hk0*
x M ]| D hz
g z
/ k Q
GJ E 9
-Z {z X B ~Oc Zg fX g Zh
Zizc q +' y Y -# Z ~- 
G
H45
45G F GJ
|z k QVK~ Y -# q
-X Y H %fQ O
/
c 8
~C -Z kQgzZX M g c*
- ~q # X ;Zzl
g XL LZ q-ZX U*
GJ
-# *t ~g X ( g oy6{z Z # ) N M ~z y

202 201
V Zz [Zp~}g !*
lg!* [Zpvy7
X
DgC [Z
-Z sKZ kZ ~ h-g}g  c*
~{z pp k QgzZ X ~q
~ Za zZ3,
gzZ 7w ~g Z bZ @*
Y Ss c VrZ~ nX 13A VrZTX ~} 7Z
T ~C
) !*
v 7 xwj gzZ x aX CY p
! .z CZ {z } w ~
;Zzl
h-g (Z kZX Z] z
Q
pg {o{ YZ6,[Zp
X
n } Z&
#  c*
]gzZ -ZZ VrZX Z7~ kZ 
+e q
X CY ]ZgD
+ZzZ kZ}k
, 6, [Zp Z'
, 0*
z}g ?}i}kC
h-g LZZ bkZX 0*
Y H cz'
-ZX @*
J Mb C q ,L L~ LZ : f c*
5:gzZ X } 7,7)Vqa
Zy }
X CYg]Z~ Z g X Z Z V-+Z h-g Y Z
# q c
-Z ~C
52 c MgzZ M ZzF~X : ~ }g7 Vc*
~C +ZX ~gZ
EIE
47 V7a ~ V; LZu CZ ~Oc1X Vc* Z]
kZgzZ c* . @u
Zzg? ^vX @* ,& !ZzgzZ q
Y Z' i FL L
-Z c*
v bZgzZ ~
/ZX
D~ ^J
-~gzCZ
) !*
z
T X c*
ZrVc*
KZgzZ
H

X x {oyvv]gzX *
@YH cc*

yVh?]5Z c*
^ w!* g Z'
LZ 'gX
D . Vzc Va

]g ` 5t X
\ ,q J
d6,gZ' /gzZ ~g {>KZ
]+
u zZ3,
# w!*
Z bZX : Z]~g75gzZ C
X @* ,**
Y HgyZ' g c*
** 8
c* -Z 5
+L L
y{X
D Yb \ c {z
D Ybg @*
d6,g Z' Zg !*

X @*
YH cc*
~ ^~gz Y
 w!* 5N &ZpV;z M |
E # g **
Z6,gzZ!uZ (, \ M J-
f2
X @* # gg ZtXN M
Zt zZ ^ |
^ * }uzq
6,
@YHw Y| m /Z ,g@*
-Z Z C ~y
]gzp V VAN* cBB V !*
6,g Z' a
]U*
# q z ]uZz}g ci7 V bZ X } 7,**
Y6,
{z kZ X
CY \ dgzZ g ,q g " nZw zg 3g L Lg
X C
^m<!* x t X
CY ~ w,g e } x c*=E L i86,GkZ
m 2
{ c*
X @* i6, /8 Zzy
g Z'
C {7 '!* g ~ Zg Z)
F~ kZ '1 6, /Z L_ M
+^a
}lg !*
6,
zZt kZ g @* _ Zz6,
wN*
/ZX

zZ M
{ c*
4gzZ 'gSh1 F, n
iX qzg cV Zz [Zp c* z;z L L

204 203
 k <e ,=ZgzZ,
X lg !* /6,
kZ
c*
X
DV7~g a
| 7,~AZz (, 7
V Mt Y qz0 , 3 Z Z}
 C # ./Z
Zz ] yKZ } (, c* B w ~ Q
` 6, pk +lg !*
kZ X @* hgzZ P qwq
g7
._
~u~ ~A  (, V7
L LX
$ 5
Z]uZz Zz M 7~} ],
X
D}g  Z,% 400 p ~gp
t X C| 7 3
u **
a76,
X CwEZ ~A{ i @* gx $Y M 6, M ( e ) Zz
A
/Z bZ X gzZ $
9 o]na X @*
~**
3
|za ]gZ
# ]Zg ~T C!Zz (Zq
-Zt n ,
c*
 y
MZ CYJZ
t X
,i Zz M ? V XCg7ZtgzZCh
+3}&
+e%Zlg{"
]yKZ} (,t X
D Yg 
D&~ Z
/ D h Z D c*
 n oi ^
8x **
/
( 7 ]g) M kZ Zuz Lg @*
C q
O V(-ZX @*
? c* pgV 0*
Klg !*
C lg {V 0*
6,3 c*
X Lg m,i Zz M ; ; L ZgzZ @*
L  Y gzZg Zg m,
X C q :Z M yc* c*
Mg c*
Q
4^`+ n oi j
pg yZZ6,][Z t {zX
Z'
n YZgyVz0
,c* +6,
a
/"
$z5B; ~ 0
+iw0*

X
n V ~'
pg {o6, ,gzZegzZ
) ` W C y ]!*
 kZ lg {~ B; X C
'
gzZ p ,i }g sN Z yKZ
/Z @* /Z {0
+6, **
9 z c*
X A lp gr g Z g m,

YHwkp\kZsN !*
X @* +Y~p
1 Ch o ;
]JJ ;gg w kZ Z }\ M CCt T
;gf }\ M c*
D ~ {Lpit X g q xz zeze 7
-Z7
-Z L L ; 7,
eX
Zz Zt pX CY ** N N } ~ }g7 }g X
Y ~p ** **
G4J5!
/)
@* -g { c*
8 +
i ZZz hZ X xZ1Z  7Z$ e * (VZk
,ig
! ! 3gzN
Z
+KZX ~ ZgzZ @V7;
( M T M%=X
8:x **
Z)
206 205
kZ}>T L L D hu - kZ @*
M40*
{> ~f j] o^,ne
X Y7
~
kZ~Vsg bh({zLL1 |
i]Zgm<!*
uZz q
< -Z s !*
6, w9ZgzZ Z 5 }g [Z ~f Z CY 7]m{ , z X @*
Y Hw kp X ]Zg
kZX
D] ~ i Z0
+Z Z~ VZ{z J
-[Z:
/z Y 0 X @* u~\g-X Zzl
6,
ZJ m
,
z ggzZ k+;g } Z Z 7,V a
X 7^uZzgzZ ~
5 /%
r ZX 7
bg
# ~gz X g~
~f Z KZ ~ ZzC yZ
f L LX
v Zz ] bVa
x ~f
Lp{z
yZ( c*
W{z
X
'!* ~ yZ~}g !* iwEZ kZ~ V KZ {zakZX x **
N X
D{ c*
t ]!*
X
d
$ 4]I{z
bZX c*
GG W
/ kZ1c*
M7 V- a kZ X m{~ ZxV- ~ yZ(gzZ}okZ
X ( ! 7xe
$Z !*
!*
}g Z )X 7x]!*
Vz;V X
~f v50~g ZX Y Z ;[p{ot ~ Zx
gzZ g JZ
{g ZD # 1X w_ ~ VzoLZ a
~(, yZ ~ c ZgzZ y
Vz gzZ ! f X V- f e$Z
6,V] V- f sN Z 5}g
$F,
q" J-$
X { Ozg X @*
J-$
B L LZyZX Z
W"
yZ W~ a
Z >} :g Z $A !*


Z Z%Z y*GX
DVc* -Z
~i gzZ ~f J
V y
z CZ kZ ~ZX ! ! a
/gzZ X Y Z%V @',{ "z6,X H[x~% Z e t ty O$ a
y**
s !* LL
7
X c* p Zj
-~{ C@{ 
] o  eVt ~ { a
g c*
X Z 'ggzZ
D ]
c*
c* ~f e 7xt
( x  (Z y~  " yiz%]Zg ypg 27
D{ "z6,t v{z
kF,**
X V
x}g ]!*
kZv6gzZ
Zzl ],~z* +? ~f X v kF,**
])gzZ ~h N {0 gzZ Zzg ** +] k]
X
D Z$
YE
- #
akZX
~f v}g J
-ygzZqg EC FX zs
.6,L X \g- h
g )'' Z} +].c* Va

gzZ: < 6,
C~
a V**
&
+e x  Y
}o~f kZX ~ kZ ]!*
s Z Y
X ( Vq g L L~
X Z (, -Z
{ Y Zq Yz: Z%: {f Vz%
a
: {f Vg:%g 4 gzZ >
kZ X
&
D ~zc e
$Zzg gzZ q
-Z v V +bx Y
]g
X wq$
p d $t X
Dg f ZJ
-| l, Z v~ d
e~} ], $ -Z
g )!*
(gzZX C q L L] ~c

q x OZ ]
-ZQ X @* ) , Z E T C6,
L i8 y!* z)q
C
 c* -Z LZ~c ZZ
# ~X C7i -X @*
f

208 207
 i Zz M N 3 akZ ZuzgzZ:
X L QX * \
@Yc*d cu~v W& Ciq
-ZX @* b
{C
+Z]X @*
Z0 37 .
$zZ0
+gX @7hZ ~LzZ~% +Zn6,
X
DB; ~ i Z0 zZ6,i%6,V; vt
Z/ @*
37P M H 9 ZX D 37{
0NF /E(X D 37~u B; yZp1

X P7!* 3 ? V; yZ D bkZ
AzZ ) X @* ] ^ kZ @' , 0* Zz y
/D $]Zg
X Cd
Y
~ E-8E
@G ; X @*
37 6, %N7~ H-E
(,vE &X @*
7 Z', Y
$~i~kZX $
A z]Zgy Y6,L L1
G gzZ w g Y E
G8M gZ D 3 7 ~ # Zz D 3 7{ / g Y g
DTV~ y$
Zq~ gzZ J +LZ W~ ]
.z vp @*
7
ly
X D 37 v}g bZX D 37
gzZ F, X Lg !* kZ g 7Z :pX
f
Kni:gzZ @*
y e,$
Vzg{z w yZ X
( ) g}
.zZpv V
X 5 V kZ ~g e ! f! X ~ V Lg1 @*

iaVV;z

pgw{ ]g c*
X
n c*
g L L]**
K

V n+ J Hj
-Z(k Q1 gg}
: ZgzZq .zZp~ O S
-q ^ :
Zw= J
-wq Z~i !*KkZ 2X ;g *
: @Y Hg D y $zZ LZ h
. +%
gzZZ~h N V- X D
v yC
z~X ;g @* 33 ZgV
@* z
+Z)k
( ~i Z0 B V
K0
+ Z z @X D ~i Z0
g ** +Z~
X: ]NX 4
Z ZhgzZ ZgZ Zy~y
~~, gG1
7x7Zpe
X @* $ Z c*
L X
D,Zx a

:
+
VzE z k QX
ygzZX D Z 16 pZ }g ~ Vl
7{
/Zg O ~\ ~% }X
D6,yZ ~(,# }o{z1
c

kZ D Zg ZgzZt g ~ VlX ~ 7,~~
q -Z '? XZ M
-Znq gtxt: zz: X D 3
z0
! Mg  +g Z X D Z gZ {%izg
. A 5 Z

D Z] # v
/~ F~%X
6,kZ {z b
X Zqz E %u
N L La

X D 37!*
B; z M a
~g  Z @*
Y {g?kZ Z
** Wyp yKZ
{ kZ z *g kZ Zg 
HZ f kZ q q
-Z X
C3 t 'g& Z7 g Z }' -Z @*
7

210 209
^ M 4gzZ
Sgze yS 4L L( ,
- ) gzZ ** X'' hz {gzZg D ~i !*
i M zi !* H1z g Dc*
X # ~]gkZm<!*
ZZ
C h w }uz q
-Z X D 7~gzg @* -X g ze
Z }~ , s ~g gzZ J+ Zg tz ~g gzZ J+ Zg y Zg gzZ J+ Zg
X
@Y |t 6,ZgzZ ~ 
a O# LLX * ! ?
bg Z
g @*
- m H''2
Zg Zg gzZ J+ Zg
GI
oN
X CY~ - ' !*
!*
y KZ s% Z( ~i !*K y
:
( ) X
z
V+ LZ V M z X @*M Z gz ~h ~ * 8
- p^e]i
g e kZz  bkZ \Z ~h X C ~g e ~ zZ kZ X t ~ \g- X g: L~ Va
~i !*
g Z
X CY~~zZh+' g ei ZX 7g yp KZst ~i Z c*
Z ~y c*
~^{ Zpg ZV; }g X
D
I7
\g e } 9} 9
z @*M 7v ~h ~ ug - E LL gz0*
6, ~g g ZX Ca
~uz yKZ g ~ ~
iq -) ug { f Z j ZgX
DugzZtX
-Z6,g@( *8 X g
X CY ^: ^ 7^q
o^3ni : X
Zg~ * {zg7]!*
g Dtzzz
-k5 k ~ q
J 5G
-Z V X C ( Eg ) [ G"M +
{0 g u **
zi !*
z X
g]!* gzZ ~h N
g D yC
E- d
B g Y}V a
X
g]!*
~kZwby{X
D~h
( 3) X
~gzV zgzZ { n`g Z KZEG g DVzg Y
YE
(
ka . kZH {zbZX
Duhg g Vz& +e~x
c* @Y | t ~Va
q
tX * -Z **
b s{0
X
# + +Z
i Yg0
q-Z X
D ~h {g X g Z ]z ~%VZ gzZ ligz
H~ C 9
z}ngzZ
C A !* G4H4&
-G
F
yZ
D {],Z bkZ ~h a kZ X V Z YZ X YN gz H y
!*
+Z MC
B; ~ V Zzg0 $Y #s
X
D + ** $z m{a ZZ kZ : C 7]gzyZy
d
+ZX
D ( 6,J
V Zz B; yZ ~h Zzg0 gm{) X
HW4**
g ItN ZyZ b g eVX @*
~gz
Zrp YZ
/ZgzZ 7Z wzZ ZzB; X
D e
-Z
J # g 7J
- z kZ ~ ]g Y } 1X @*
hYr ~ V Zy WzgzZA ?V+Z a
D
KX M
:
212 211
 \ <+ (\ o j X @* tX1: ( z hg ) E
yZ tg ; KZ c* &LL L

X
Dhz { bZgzZhz yxgV-h m pr

# ~ 0
Z + M
i Y
+ZX
D hz ~V
hz ~V+vgzZ V-  ~ wq YVz
-Z @* Hk 5q
/Z bkZ !{g -Z
k Q X ~g \ yY ~hX ~
/%Z } h : Cc* Z `

F, (Zg !*
X{zX @*
** -uLZ VZZB; q
Y J -Z ~h X 4 6
,
Zk hZrg "X
M
Z :
M g " a ~h~ ~
h | 7,x ** gz X eg1gjX Y
gg %''S, 8 -X=\N O$ GI3.g1 hI!N F,
( ~i @*) ! J o:J
X C Z-
$J ~k
B ~h Z&
X @* +e bq
-Z
Vn+J ] o:e 7^
I G
d ~g Zi !*
-G ,
^I~kz hI( g ) HE
.* ~g j ~ Sgze yS v% X C Mt
X
( Zp ) u1gzZ ~ H (,
5E $F,
G <n
~ y!* i c
'!* 0 kZ X gze yS [ c* **
[Z :-
7a {7 Z~uz X
C @ M q
-Z X V
X VZ'
, e~~ H (L L {gzX
'
5E e L Lo ZX
B
, bgzg Vzgz
G yS r@ M @ MQX C Vc* K Kg Kg? V
K1V % ~yZX
gzeyS ~g ~g%Z Vg K Zzv Y H!LX CSgzZ C&
X
Cg ZjVc* +eV- K
Y
7M , SM WX
.8I N*
X a7 FX
gzZz HG
n ]< o^j
EE 4J
[ ZX 6 t NX w= 3G& Z&
* L L i M zi !*
bZ
~Zz\g-
Xgzw=(C
X~ Sensitivities a
X A ~ Va
Z o7^++
n yKZ ,zX +F,
Z ~yQ qZ aizv% Y |a pgzg J
X @* -k
,
YN
DgzZ ligz 3V L L
} 2gzZX L Lqg!gzZ u** ~ yZ
XZ ,q u**
hz J
@* z kZ
- / Z kZ ~h q
{], Z q
-ZX
D Y~} ], -Z ~h
YYHx~y i YYgzVz
D Yhgyp
WC 8 ~h Zuz(kZ A
Zg t(4)X $X CY 7^I kZJ
-Z
#
s s : iZ [c
X !* K% 1
,z { n} hgy
' X ~g Y` W
YE4X
) ~5 +* ~5 ~g L L c*
c %V  X ( # Z )
214 213
gz x Z0
+Z %kZ0
+ ;g c*
iQ c* pkZ c*
HZ f{o C
 Zz "7, ,Y??OZ) g : eg l L Lc*
^ b}g Zg V-%
X ( @*
/
X ;gg pwgzZX
g L Lc*

L L~c
]!* ,Y**
X(^ **
1
+ F,
]g @* z0
s!M Zz Y ~yxgg  +g Zgz kZ 2 X n ,gL LX
Vzg O$g" V KZ VH k
B X
D7g @* B
k [ Zc
X @* hC
?C 0
+i3ggzZ[ Z a

gzZ Vyxg V KZz 6,Vzh= k
B ZygzZ V )
,**
g Zg ~i !*
t t~i Z y z ]zI z ]) ~g % Zg
B QgzZ uz { Za k
k B ]uZzZz } 9zgV)z X ZgzZw4Zzx ~0* zw
g Z
T Zgz kZ\G,
}iuKZ ~ V V Zz g/ z ~ v [ ZX ;g ~
L LsJ
-[Z [ Z~} a

F6,R)Zg e F,{ c*
F it X
Pgz ! Z %}g ` M {z H7~ i Z0
+Z -[Z a
1X
g6,gkC) {)z wZjwq r~ s 0 Z
J
{g ZLZ !*
*kZ X ;g~  4X ~
i KZ C [ ZZ
X ~
# zg]!*
wVZ[gzZp Z| _ c

.ZzC; ~g~~ X Q c*gzZ Zz ]gzZ lg !* D m c*
c* q ~
(
+Zg Z V ZzggzZgZZgz kZ| (,

'!* gzZ [NZ [Z F6,]uZz ]g @*
F GG3G
Ge ; zh j~ T
D M g Z Zz 4]V
G
Z_zs yZ CgzpgzZ
Z 4, iv)
p ZX I7 M ~V !* z 9)Zg e V]mg Z
~ [ Z *c
X
Xg ZzG gzZ b Z'
c
igzt z Zz ]gzZ gzZg Z ]!*
~ .Z 6
_ 6,gzZVZzgEl],
X C~ Z eX Q7Zu{
Xgz*u ~g Zzx D
~XC>s7{)z w~~
] @Y3gw ds
X *
%kZ c
X
}g*Vg kZ ug x YgzZ a !* X YYH~g Zz Zg e[ Z a

X# #" ** `
+
gzZ {@x Z 0i CQ r1 #
/g Z LZ ug x Y Zg x ~XX u w0*
a
~ ~ ,
~gz kZ )G
-d)HX g 2xZz ugzZ p ZZQ V X gz ShivaleryX
@V|i { ( V~{  ~
X~n z `
X ?Z 0<Eg$
+~ m, T e **
-g bx Y~~
g8
YH ^~ Zz ^$
VZ { Z w +V !*
8gzZ
yZ
h N Z ] yZ X
Va
h N V; a !* =Z {z ` M CuV V zg { Zg G) Zz ` M {zX
D;
y Z A y Z
V G 58FCyZ ~g ZyZX
}g} ~g'
5F g
/ [ kZpX 7c*

q [ kZ ~g 7 x= GgzZ X

216 215
 Y1x ug`
X @* yZ X
L1 gzZ Y kv yZ X }iu
!*
X
!yQyZX
yKZ ~gzZg d
WyZX
Vg
e
EE ]ni
$ * LB
L Z lp X i L L Zzl
6,g Zz
! Z { C" LZ jg~sq /Z~gz~ m,
-Z Z
X *
@Y H& Z76,
z Z } y V Z B; gzZ CY i Zz M ~ _
3, IY
( VV^ Vw Vh N y!* ~g hy{Z3g^s~uz @*M sz^~ V 9 ZgzZ
i !* kZgzZN wZ AXF Y
H&
i Zz6,"~ y
M ~ - gzZ - E
M m, wKZ x Z 5 5
X
~ y
\ M
z9X C6,`zLZ ~
$.b Z'
dZe gizZ'
VX
3
on:
E 0*
X @*
~!* 5^I a
1X C ~!*
* z G }g
Zzl
^i2
^ Ve ( } ,u) g 0
lZ F, + L L~h x 0*
bg t
t X B
$z1917  [ Z ~g Ztu
- ` M [zZ e
J
~g u L LMkZX CY
su bwZX C Zg f ~!*
[Z V X ;g ]!*
B ~ zZ )
7 gzZ ) Q
-Y~c Zgyxg b~!*
Xg 7 : @* Og 7
Yc* -Y
[ Z ~aZ @*
X @*Mt ~^!* Z ~!
DDauEJ
E
X C hZ i Zz M mZX @*
N* 5^I
gzZ M G -g !*
1zq w uX 7
E$E
4z2Z *tX
D 6, g v z e X Y ~ OaBn Z
+
{0 L g ZZ RoKZ ]!*
iXgzZzgZ LZ a
: t
X @*

+
TD{E pg
] Mk QgzZ uk Q Zg f  M X
g.
<
X YYH7J -g 0+i a
gzZc
~ c
%
!*
tX @* a kZ @*
7~ y
!* +y
Y Zh
Vzt
Vzg ~T
D ~ kZZg i gzZ aN}g Va

~kZMX C Z| MgzZ
/**
7 MT C ~? &

CYZC +gBE
V* z
D YZ F, iz
Dy
~!* x I k Q1X * @Y c*O N* i Zz M kZX
D c Zg
V g C Z]
C diw
. Zz% Z e Vg ui **
IG* L LZ X Calibration wgzZ CZ @*
.F
D ` c &z b
tX C -/8z %
D Y M ? ]
@*
7, +I @*
g Z1 {h _Z IG* X
_Z
.F
V- gF C; CY O 7a Za } M aggzZ w
218 217
 EE
X * O ZZaN%gzZX
D YBaN$ *6,kZX g
@Yc* }^0*
g e~u~h **
a gzZX
D 7,^g e& M
EE
BX
CY O?kZ +ZX VZz $ *7~gz uiuwakZ
D 7,
X C
X
z L L7ZX CY7~
-Z {z @*
piq 8 Z
# X @*
79z !* ~ yxg ~h **
Do9nE]n: KZ9z A^| M q
-Z%Z ~ OaX
8 ~ h M % i Zz M
pu LWgzZ X i Zz t { c* a yKZC
igzZ l t 5aNLZwui Zz M M L LVz {z~yxg yxgX Ya\ og
E$E
bg {0
B + ;Zzl
i Z kZX gz' X
D .
$ LZ \W ~}g !* 5uB}uz q ~ * }g7 X
f
-Z ~u ~h ** e
KZ Cg6pyKZX bzggzZwkZgzZ zkZ'' X
Dk
gzZ kzgkZ /8 Zzl
~g M gzZ bzg
/ZgzZXg @* pgb16,
X
DRz!* 0
+i
X uzg: OM%Z V
!*
ZF, hOVX @*
YL L
M ]z|l, -Zuw
eq

( {g]) nf ''X Z& L XLY!~Vz Jh1ku| Mq

-Z
M
h

X !W 6g *Zzy
/DX 4z2ZpiZz wEZx t 7{)zz X
D = X
DvDx ~u~h **

t X
` 0Z ygzZg 2 m kZ [Z X + F,*i t ?
MC }uzq
-ZX V !* z}gzZVZi Zg !*
8X
D ~aN~h **e
Xf

** KgzZ ~g i Zz M baN~ 4z2Z *kZ X 7]!* ' ptXgzZyZi Zg

h
X
M

;g7i Zzl t[ZX @*

C wEZ kZ~y
X @*
7,
7 X @* '
az ,i t Zzl w{[l
g0
+Zl7 3g

X [m Vzg 2Cc*
M F,
gzZmt[Z aN&A ;Zzl
** Zuz c*
[ZX BBkZ ~ OaNs'
Y ~ k Q }Y **
X @* ) yQ c*
u A (Z  @*M
( izu) ]m
!*
LL ~ V ''Vc*
1X @* M { Z {gz z ~ h N y

O ~ yj
c* jZ yZk
,Z y*t ` MX i m Va
t
X @*
WQ @*#
Z
i w= ~ y
t 1X ~ V }uz y 0*2 X @*
Y
X i Va
( Zgu )izuV- i w=VEV-  X
DBeenEne
X Zz aN {guL L t1 S~y Zgu w Z @Y "z L
* L Z~Vy
gzZX
{iZ~SZ

g @W N Yg eV O /Zp}c
Z
e +!*
gzZ Vt h +F,
X @* +gzZ ~ Vzic
}gh
+ tX

X 7i 6,
\W, g-i z { y
i Zz ~ eq
'
,it y
 @*
Y c*
2Vz(,

220 219
 wEZ ~ g"  wEZ x X i *t
X @* r
L La kZ ~ ~ c
*X i iF %NgzZ t
J
X {)z Z e~ xg DyZ **
YKkZ**
g} ~kZX @* ~z Z(,kZX ! M 6E&Zz 8g- tX ZwEZ
aOkZX
g @* Kyxg ~ Vzg @*
3,L Lg @* yZX
Dg@*
0*
gX 8 VzuVz TX C ~^ byq
-Z~B; N Z

X
O L LZvX \e L Lx **
g Vg 2! MtX

/c*
ZX
D 5 !*
V !*
x ~h

x ** g ]gzpgzZ Vc*
kZX @* -Z !*
q g a
rg ~ KZ Zgu g r0*
gzZ r M <g M X m1 ~B;

wEZ ( Laiv) C
L L~ y
}g7 a gq X H7, {CL L ~ O Zguuc ^X @*
kZX C O Q c s

+]
Vzih .gzZ a
i  ZX @*
B**
aNgzZ R g i X @* +F,
X ~ @a( Zgu ) 7
-ZlzL
L B; kZ ^6,%VZ

X
9FgkZ5 +
X A h %Zu(Z

!*
ZX zF, wgzZ0 +z yZ(~yZygc
- 2
X ~ F, Z"g a
Tie ^ ,hG
I4F
5_q
-Z~^CgZ Z
Hc* A V Z t X @*
Y
~ Y c* y
t
O ~ C
6
3. XL L{D a
X g * **
kZ E
6
3. XL L y T a
1
E ~VyZ ~7gzZ i Zz
X @*
gzZBg ~T 4g j Z!*tX { Z i} M zg6,zx
/ re
3.6XL
E L w V X
CY ,i Zz M u +p}W kZ wEZ6,e Wzt 1X * ~ Vzi c

t X @*
Y
H-E
g I M z yZg { }g 1 @* ~ bD &~% s ` W X
D eg1 >Zg U
$N* aq
~ kZ X i Zz M Zz hZ X i M-Z
3.6XL L? zG
t V;z H{z1X
D E .2E!gzZ Zguyiz%~ Vw y {[ ,
Z {kez~\~%X xzFzxic*
Bx **
V@* ~gz
` @*
Vzi Zz M ZzY }y
 a
bZX *
3, @Y| { v X @*
/pim<!*
zskZ :z O]gzp Z%
XZX ;g Y@*
xzn ~!tX @*
YH~wgtZ X

% ,i ZzWZz gzZ { 1 Zyg " X ]gzJ
X ~gz**Xg]gzpkZ1X Yc* I
g Z aNt X
r e } l }uVz T xg e ~g
**
}D a

9 \eL L
GI
\e i\@*
E X @* OB
Yc*
X
IZ e Zzpgm gzZ]gzp ^
222 221
 ,
:F
Y
~Vzg Z ~L uX 9
!*
C ~ X~VEu~g~iZ0
+Z]gzph+ gZ ZZ[ Zc

<
-} V*Va
X
z+F,@[ Z~
GE "NgzZwKZV*u c

3E
G
c*
3{ **
g X
CYB]g'ZsV~O 
B bg]

/
}g l7cu z D]ZgV% c*
'Zg i DX
D 'gSh1

V 3 V; a
ZX !
Cg
VzgzZX * ~ / % >

M: i 6 J
-xi Z|$
+ gi~ VEu ZZ ~g X q
-Z ~
CVzqX g(Z ]gV3 Z^BB

]gzZX yKZgzZ
V*!*

$]X
yKZgzZ ]'V X X * gzZ Cy~~
@YHy~~
I /KZ}uzgzZg D v6,(~uz(q
Vz -ZV KZ
VEyZX
C bw4Zz k B KZ
m ZgX
yKZgzZ
V*
@*
zy ]
uz [x yKZ Z ] -C 3 ~
Hc* Z + ADp
X c*

V- !*
{g e

Msz^~ ] gz Vzg ZD M KZ X ~ ? }i ~g gzZ'!*
- ~ RkZ pg w'

-ZgzZ ZZzb!*
X n nV {C4)q _gz$Z q
a
X -Z1X 
-Z  V]!*
q

V*utQ M ~ZgBV  !* # VZi Z

a
Z Z L~ yxg yxg X @* ZZ kZ X g pi
{!*
E { kZ gzZ @* N Z wEZ g !*
Y c* g !*
}Lw! LgzZ
Z7Z L ~Vzg!*
@* !*
ghs{  X
CWC?k Q
X ;g mZ e ~[ Zc
*@Cc* CZ {z ~p Z]gzp
;@*
J-G
4 I
]Z M ,w" VV i W,+Z~
OzC !*
.{  !*
X I4E
0G&L L ]q 6n
E
4E3
X' ' G !*N*
I~i ] 6

Zx kZ
Dg Z 
D !* !*
{ e /

kQ{ !*
gzZ Lgg^{ c* !*
i { {zX 7B k Qg a
1
D n i\] ^
G
ZX }Z zZ ZzggzZ
/ rg b\!* SG !*
5 Zz {  X ~z z K p+ c; 6m] p+ ^,^e

, Z'X @* /
7x Zz6, Zk0*
kZ @*
*
! {zX LgzkZ z o^J ]i

224 223
 wZjwq L L ugz , pg p { c*
M kZ ]:Z X
n i ]:Z~ }g !* !*
. {  {z 3 c* Q'g /** !***~ aX @*
!*
E
X
w  gzZi gz k QX @*
Y0Z L p~ ]g! x c*
@*
Y
gZ p KZ yKZ X ] K q
-Z yKZ! n wZjwq 
X Ya: 8 :gzZ {zX C> !*
X 7x
Zz VzuuyKZgzZyZX ;gV a+ Y~}g !* !*
{ X 4z]
.yKZ s o~ VEu ~g %Z
Y
/ZX wZjwq L Lq
gzZ wZjwq -Z ~ Vzq ZzpgwL E 5_a ZX CZyKZgzZo~^}gkZgzZ @*
YkBg Q KZ
YE
(
X Yw$+~VCIVzH + F,:! n]:Z
M KZ ~g Cc* X @*
Y @*
q 6,oB bzgzZg ZizZ 6 6 ZjLZ Zg ; b
a]c*
wq : a
X @* gzKZ kZ wZjwq a
@*
Y@* gzZ Lg @*
.CZ] p C z]WgzZx lZ55~g y
~ i kZ Q: Z t Z ~ i ~ i XZ wZjZ V7 LZ {z X g ZNa ( ) {0
+g gzZ @* p0*
Y @* ]** X
Z1 ;Zzl
,Y V:g7~ * a^g :gzZD
8{ ^
kZX bg *
c _ Zvz Y (55s ( Vj V-&
{z X Lg @* Vzh( V-)
gzZ c3, 7 ^ k Q 5 {z @*
** )
xt ZggzZ X * qxEV Zl
@Y@* gzZx lZ kZ kv
H7 gzZ q ` ;g ~ ;g ^ Hf
/ t $g g Z KZ VzgzZ Vg Vz0
@* +6, Vz0
+gg gz kZ
~L Lgz M V-g FHs
# (z
(g ugzZg Zu Zz# c*
~:W7Z @* ~g ZyKZ yQ @*
Zz'!*
yZ
z we ~g .( z ( Zz V L Lwyz O3 M Vz Zi R L L} 3~]zZc*
X @*
yZ%ZX ]zw2V\ M 0
V!*
+Zgz L L a
t''g g X
CW'!* # ~
m Z r / ~ Zi Wz~ VEu
!*
hg" z wqC
M ` W{zX kvz { Zl ,w !*
]' ]!*
~gz }iuKZ | !*
# x ZLZgzZ KZg 1 {  -Z
zJ
h 7]!*
kZ ~g Z X M Kg]!*
~ }g !*
~g Z gzZ w 1
+g Zi
{ E qyQgzZ Mf ~&
+gzZxO S X 3 @*

kZ ~}g !*
7 V w {z]!*
C +
kZX 0i kZgzZ ]gz ''X
6,
g{zgzZ
C I6, Zz wq @ M @* +Z
Z kZ~ i Z0
X * $gzZ l@!L L
@Y b" wZjwqX 10
Y
Sh Z ]gzp SE
5Nk Q s b a
p xi wZjwq a
} )gzgz6,g Wz ~ wj J ~g ZgzZ lz$
+: {
+F, Xs bwkZgzZ { b bzg kZ @b
{ i @* (6,gx Za
X
Dg Z6,ugz ,-Zma KZ
Mq
%/ g Z LC
6, L **
~zc ` ZzgkZX @*
Z wZjwq **
; wz VgzZ V}uzgzZ V 0*
/ Vh
V Zl

226 225
 +ZgzZ uugzZu ` ZgzZXg Z, q h ` Z Y
~z a
gz i Z0 X 1c*
yZ **
wq:gzZ ]!*
x **
wq : X @*
n
X 7 t X @*
7q tgzZ Xce xg Dk0*
- R, M & -
$ Z q
-Z wq

gzZ wq\ M { Zp ~gz~ wqC 8wq Zz xs ~g g% g Z yxgVt {Z
+Z(,kZgzZ! nnq
-Z
Zg7]g ` Zzg : c*
X ** eZzwq c*
: c*
]gz { i @* zKggzZ , uuwZjwqX CY
zz kZvQ1 @*
bgkZ ` Zzg kZX gz !*
\ Vz6,3Zz C az ] X
D Reactc*g~ ZZgzZX
D Y!*
6, V=p+F,
HHLV Zzg a
gkZ @*
= * ogzi
@Y c* X
D: g ,VgzKZ a

Z 7ZgzZG
!*
H`C
-Z trq
V;z {z X Z ~ q -
-Z X CY {g 8 kZ V ut X Y Y x gzZ {h
+ **
-ZZ{ wZjwq
q
4{gG k [ZX xs c*
wq H t Z M :Zz k
, X [%
O EE
.G kZ k\ tawZjw q \ vgvg wkZX g0
28E +Z
e 7VYwq Z H ` Z kZX 17wq kZ V Z ?wZj
?f wq" L L Zg {z Cg6Va
 u ~ ZX [_
.g0
+Z
}g v?Bwq H VZ Z L L V
Kk0* /
X Y YZzg" J: X D hg7
8wq Zz xsC
z i
[%
O~ L L c* H1wq kZ ]g ? wq
C ~ wq kZ X @* Zgk Q c*
b g Z **
: wq kZ Zz xs
~(, M X @ ~ 7,
l~y
Zz~ !* -Z~}6
lq H X 0* 3 }{ n} (,
kZ a
Zg ZX
TX
/ZX a` Zzg Zz wZjwq 0wJ e q
-Z V-wVt ZX C m{X C z ~ i Z0 K
+Z pi!* M F, $
{7 e
G
X * @Yc* Oz kZ Ug: wq
ZC /w !*
a
X VZ -Z V { c*
yz
s1V- ~i Zz M q /Z
iv
zq
M L L N Y M )& c*
-/ s ZZ F Zg c*
 z q
-Z YgzZe~`
}uz @*
ZZ6} (, + 7 e
gzZ/$ $
q ^zg %y!*
-ZC 6,wZ 0*
X
D Y wZjwq6, M ~g !* +
Xh i Z0
+Z {7e
$6
8 q
wq y!*
-Z C ~ [Z %Z X Lg @*
Deal gzZX 76,gi~}g !* Mz
k\ kZy!*
0g z} .p{z
.Z} @Y0 h L L~y
/ZX * M
8wqt ` ZzgX qz,KZ {zQX wqkZ 0*
X @*
wq ! ZgzZ Z } h CZgzZ
8]i YZ V}g :gz ]!* g Z}X @* -Z {7 e
._y }q $gzZxs
g t
Y Zg7 9 z T[Z X g L
L wz y!*
Z s ~ Hxs{ \ U
M Zz M s Z F,
CY C M M g Y y Vz
/X
D Y Relax Zg f &  ,gzZ >a xs~ Va
X Hxs Zz
vg )
gzZ @*
Y`6,
zZ :Zzy
M L LX @*
Y\ fX 4**
cu }n
: D xi 6Zzg
/Z IxsX H7xs]gX 7Z

228 227
 X
gzZ L L B **
~k q u X C Mn :Zz }i
wZjwqX CY
; [Z~y@* g)h
D( ZzG ewq @*
C ,
Yk+x !Zt Z
5 # e % 3 ~g CZ f
$gzZ @*

@*
{YZYL L V0} (,v Fi a kZ
8 ugzZ]~ kZ M
( ! 3w^Za
kZ ) -eZQ1X
D qz Iwq {z X
D Y !*
r1 yZ 7 +Z
g0
N
qzwZjwqEt ]!* wZjwq}g !*
z o3 ZgC X M
Z h7J -q-Z {zgzZ CY
t X 75 ~ L Lc*
7 ~L L H a

z D z z Y G -!~~% @*
Y bkZ VyZ-
]gzgzZ { i @* -Z}g7 {z Q1 7wq k0*
-] q
J } X N Y
X 7~L L *
@YH~M zM zgzZX *
@Y@* ,,
e Z'
Hw
#
Zr 8wq [1X c*
wq CZ[ Zzn
a 

8 wq ~ V Z-VEV0 } (,} (, -Z ~i Zz M B w tQ c*
?) q Z Z : = q
X ** -Z 6Zzg
6,V+ZX ]!*
m{z x C -Z b wqgzZ ]!*
k**
q gzZi Z Z bzt Za
)X Y * ~g  @*
X $(?)i Zz M
yZxZz wZjwq6,V+Z X Y :gzZ Y} wq : M X ( ! Zw~(,
Z
Y -4X
~ +zgD)G@* wZjwq ;Zzl
C X @*
C yZ0
 +{ ] ]?Vz g )
, -y
vZJM qzwq a

L HZ Z (,
wZjwq L # \ M Y L Ls
L LZ z kZ {z D z6,p ZB K gzZ Cgzp a
X @*
M F, Z Z yY z Y gzZ
X
CY
@Y M ~gz X {)z H Za TZ}
B  *
a
k .Y L L}X
D Y
]q* zgzZ
!*
!* M i Zggz x Za
wq wZjwqa
akZX Antidote k QgzZ ~(,

ZX ~z K:gzZ b!* Z: g @*
z y : uZ e: w:: X 7az gzZgT a
 ]!*
gzZt X * , w
@Y {g 7Q c* L L
/Z
~ y
\ kZX 3gwZjwq VrZ x ** 3 Zg w  CZ x Z
T c* C[c* Kzg Kzg L
** L H a
X
D Y M gzgZ ZgzZf Z
, ~%y{ gzZ X
Tg D V g !*
g kZ 6,gh' ? gzZ N ~g Vg Xa
x 7d $ ]NL L H a
X CY
( 5) X g ZM L L Xg Cxg6,gEZ lg !*
Zz: Z
6,] qz p Z
X @* L LwZj wq t
X 11 Vz ~i Z0
x !Z wZj wq &  +Y gzZ l 7Passive V
+Z g Z0
HI4F5_
X C *Z ~~ -hG~kZgzZX XZ {%izg Zzl
M Zz wqX

; H~y

230 229
 Ug a kZ X } ._ ( ` Zzg) y z M W 0*
{z X H a kZ C7{ c*
] kZ ;Zzl iZa kZ g Y pa
Z]gzZx **
X C6, g zX @*
Y0! Z i ~gla kZ Cg Y x Zg M " a ~1X @*
~ t ZgzZ { c*
k0*
X $ g ZuhZ kZ X CZ ~n ~n
Z # t {z *z *S~ a
]* !
s Z c* ( ) E
Z k0* V# ?Zz
%NZL L= gzZ i 6,]!* s ZX 12
$U*
}" kH" KZ )g fCgzZb LZ }7Lg Z {zz}
\] n
tgzZX 7 g
~(, C ( s Z ) Z{z }g Z Z W L
L iZ[X
q -Z ~ yZX Vh+ LZ a
B* Z
X Cg EE
Ozg L
DC ` V X 38E{0
kZ X ** +g L Li Z (,
b] ]5i p
C ~Vz*x
c*
L ga) W {)z}0
+g. L
D
$zZ} h/vt XC
V Vzt X
Z gzZv W~ yQgzZX
tZzg
0*
pgqZ |
Fk Qg ggzZw e kZX
n # y
KV 0*
(
X
g D-6,yQJ
-V' - c*
,VzvX
g@* .
Z}
X
Cx **
xk QpD CD CJ
-yZ0
+{F~f
bWg gzZg! 4Z
n 3n~ ]gVzvC
q j
xF bVa
~\g- weA*}X
g M f
e x gQc*
,
D@' :g ZtuX
E
x rZ 0* %NZ~c

Z s Wk W L L ~ bD }g X @*
/ 0*
g gzZ v W KZ
& @*
z X @*
7wi ** zZ g Zu Z~ x
6,
V : L L~ v WKZ xFJ
- ~ga OX {g Z Z q
-Z {!*
Vz6,T, ~q g b!*
& {zgzZX OZVh & Vz
X
Dgkl0*
gzZv WX Y" [ze : L L~0*
$U* c* /
g
X
g (Z
 ~EE
! ?X  .28E
G }g 46,>W
}uz q
-Z
D0*
 X
7~g !*
~g !* {z
y 
Hc*
\W
C k % Z e ~ v WV;zB)x /Z V-
KZgzZ [b}uz ,: Z ~ y
gTy CZ6,~g !*
Zi M { z Z
# X -w{a !
Y bZX
8g ZZwzZgJ
+'
{z ]gzg Zh Z~gz %NZX ,y ,
e
/Z E
Zg7 wzZgZa"
$U*
t CYW:Zz k0* LZ
x ZgC
.J* ZgZzt X @*
z {z { J)l
/Z:
/ 8KZ {)z { Z~
zX
X q HE
-Z ~ VEw= 7,
**/ 6,v WQ
g
 X
z ZwgzZX
#
5 ?! #L LX
~ g { 
L QX HW,
L "{  O Mythology Z}g7T
7g ** + Vt X C~]g
t gt L L %KZg ZY)gzZ {h
232 231
;g 7 [Z~ ]!* +
kZX g {0 D zt ~ 1%~ VZa
i 7,6,v Wa"
g /{zX @* $U*
kH" KZ /8VJ
J t X CY| (,Kg Z weA k M L
]!*
- ` M ZzZ ]g @* L $U*
" gzZ 0* f k W L LkZ ~ y*Z
KZg V @*
$t X

vd Hc* yZ0
` 76,v M  +{{k
,ez c*
g Zu a
gzZ
HHx
/ ~ kZgzZ vv WV;zX Z 7,** -Za
/ yJZq
g
X
Tg DeVzc LZ1v M $b gzZ cux
Vzg Z VZB; LZQg A /{z Z
#
V\ M KZ p t Zz3,E" ~ i C~ K
5F -Z Z e~0*
q 3^V 0*
Z~\g- weAX Z 7,** 6,
-Z 1929L L''V- Z Zz3,
8 D Z xW~ ']Zg q X bg c s cu cu v W6,y!*
D i KZ c*
X @* !*
7,C VZ}
-Z V;zX
~ z{zX y V t X V
/q
~ X C7,
Y
H-E
]u Vzg Z Rn ZgX V @*- 4,Zg f X
g H%
q ~ v WQc xF~\ &sg` Zzg~ `
a

HY&
g Z%q
-gCgzZ cuX @*
8 -Z Zz yZ7
-eZX @*
{o Z L1: x t ~ -E X 7n%t ~ bD !* X @*7,6,kZ
Y
H&
vZvZ~g L {zgzZX k~k]cug Z6, V+Vg e {z $M 3 3 ~ {)z c* Z,j{ hZ kZ -E
zZgzZ X Z y{ Z [Z
Y
H&
X qz 6,
V RZ ~h e ] akZ 7C F - E
!* gZ
` Zzgta X c*
/
g /z YX ~kZ Zg L L
6,VR%VZ yv @Y Z!**
R Z gzZ * M -Z a g m{ kZX C
/k q
EH
Vzc bZ g @*
B Wo xW WgzZ q
Z LZ gzZ @* -Z A
$X
H 0B+V 0*
-E
J  @*
g gkZ Vzg Z **
t X * Vzg Z
@Y c*
6,Vzg Z R gzZ
D WWv6,
g: Zg g bZ X 6,Vzg Z ** Y 3g q
uZ X @* -Z6,VzuVz**
X
D Y 9 ~ Vzg Z
u} 9zggzZ
Dgz vZvZug~ zv WX
Tg & O$'
D Yb N6,Vzg Z } 7
s ZsVzg ev Mg !*
( 6) X
D sy
WV\WKZ J
- Y Dgzt g0
 @* c
+Z kZ ]}7 ** L gLzZ @*

yZ^ {G
L!0* ~yZk
kZX # , xX t 708
$
Z ! fd zQ X bZ V 0* /ZxF
t bTL L
kZ x
v M g L LX D -6, Zg M L La
~ i k Q X 4Z~ v M xF 4 yp VtZz YK %f 4gzZ
D YK %f
# X
Va
Z EZ v M  |{z L L'' c*
M : M L gLzZ Ac kZ : g6? ~ yxg ritual gzZW xF
/ZX @*
Y
46,"
$ yZg X c* LZ VrZ g (Z -
` Zzg< $j~ yZ(gzZ yZg /Z @*
kZ *@Y 0*
c*
yp6,VzVzckZ9z9zgzZ
D Y
wg M L L{ ] KZ {zX D-6,v Mg !*
&~ y a
X uz Xn MZz{zY 6,V 0*
gzZVzX
yZz~g M6{> MX {> M TX KZ g kpt M V Zzg ]gzZ kg 0* N t
 ]!*

234 233
 Y17x =r p
X @*
] ~(,z V Zx Vz a
X D Z { > M~ V
yZ+ g M L LgzZ uZgzi + g M L L~g ZTgzZ ( w**
y x ** {)y
Sh Zzg *X 13 X 6,VkayZ{gzZuZgzi {X

gSh Zzg * ~gz~=za

/ZX Y~] g zzy
` M ~wVZ[gzZVzgz}g X
D]v M ` M a

Zg * KZ *
kZ g @* c gB; t Sh Z k Q **
gzu ~y
W ~
#
5 lB; sv M 1sv M csv M

Zg7 {zX }giZ kZ ; a
g z!*

-Z ,nwZ e?Vzc
q gz {X @* ,j
*v M6,g~ Zg Z)^ Zg X CY (

t, Z
/~k QQ c* , Sh Zz kZ Z #
v c* /ZX } Zg {z ;g t x ~gz)q -Z v M L LV; x rZ {x **

X b]# ]c*
wq T izwJLE &**
-Z +
q $Y v Mt X 0=r

w DB; ?Sh Z KZ b w
{z Y c* /Z bZ akZ g ~g YJ ~ a
#
-V wv M1X **

Z
X Y** /x Z]
X < .Z}g t

~ Mg @* B m,
Z ~KZ a
gzZ gk gyp~ bD c* /z
Vz /Z 2gi~ V *GgzZ V "Vzh N F~ yZgG gzZ {g bZ

t X }7s~uz8
B c*
~ k -\k Qyic } w kZ~ kZ ,GgzZg U*MVgi ~ O gzZ yZg {X
g U*M
<

Zs@/
X @* bu~ ( w
V {yZgzyT )@X
D


X CY~ ~&
+Sh Z ( 5 )V; Y )5~(,
+
X C 0 K]Zm giXc* zZ5
gg U*M,Z

]5 bkZ1X CY &
+Sh Z ~ # ~
/ q j
X
Dg ** 
D] ZZ Z
zf  KZxFX ;g ^g*4 bD a
0*
bv M
kZxFX CY~ wZ e KDq
-Z~~q
-Z 0*
X @*
** a
Y~ 0*
+~g FX 14
Z @* +Z 0*
gg0 -
J z kZu CZkZX @*
**Z~ }g } &
F, +e
xF -}g):Zz hzJ
/ZX N Y M J -ZzJ
-({gHq -Z#
YN
wC !*
u CZah e {zgzZ Y H I hz V Zz hzx
u
h x X NZ 6,7
-Y h Va

7gg0
X c* xZ 0*
+Z LZZ}g Z  @*
Yt
X
z L Lg
L L~VXg Z yiz gzZ } (,X `z% ~ VXLg gt
0*

236 235
 X _h
+y] Wx gzZ [
q ;q
/maV- g FVgvgzZg g Z# Vk
~c* l" !**
!**
gzZ
!** !%v
?V u M k0*
gBw3~]gWkZgX CYzw3!% %f
6, Y!%6,gzi#
c* Z{z c*M
C{z M ~ l
D Y
EE I
X @*
YW gzZ CYi X
38E dM L L7Z )7
}L LkZX (
-G
X @* |z Sa! KVn:
Yc* mi
~~LzZ ~]gV-g F ZzvV>q] kZX 7{ c*
i nZzm,
c*
) !* x 5
V-g F FX

zZ L &
L
tJ
-] &z !%g0
+Z  ` ~g Fsm,
X *
@Y c* 5g^i Zggzaw
Y k0*
+!*
X CY|0 6,
u^%c* /xna
Kzgx Zz $X a X kZ *
B Zzpg m,
i~ k @Y 17a
zZ Y gx LZ L ,$ ~g0 + L L Vp ^ @*
Y Ht gz!* @Y 1a! x~ ~i !*
CZX * yi m,
X @*
Y $
$
kZ} ia% L , /ZX Z'
,gzZ cu HE 5NX ` g =~ 0*
: ZizgZX t c* q )gzZ x 0
F, ]U* +it
i A KZ { ia %X @*
C Y 3g6,(Zz U ,
$ KZA X @* |0
Yc* +!*
~zi !*
c*
~V7] c* @Y\
&gzZ *
KZ
D Y% bkZ} ia k kJWJ WX @*
Y%pgzZ
8ka
+^q
i
X 5a 5aC
KZ ~g Z
6,kZ~ gzZ ~g Z /!%
qJk Qm<!*
,
kZb~'V]g2~n%c*
G2k4XV5 q
.H
z[xZgzZg ZgX CwV
Vzgt '
, -Z }g e
iq
X
DYXkZ}Va%{zkZX
DYX
LL
/
X
Dg Z v Y]ZgJ?!%BV ZgzZ
YH %f c*
@* ca~q!%Vo]n
Z=6,x **
r^ t
X SZcL LkZ *
@YH (Z c* EJ GJ
X ;g V i4& ZZ gzZ Y -# ` a

Z * GE
AssyriansVz!* ~[Iw 1000 V k]
38E
zq
''][Zt -/1i
>
aq
-Z s kZ VrZ @* -Zg -
} Qq $Z 1g
cu x/; a V-g F x** gzZ x ~g a
V]
;H qz 7,
E r Z wkJ W[Z1X {)z{)zVc*
g F [ +E X UZy
G3J" N* /c*
u
g }igzZ H Za }iy
MgzZ H Za y
M @*
KZa c* - $OZZ
#
` gzZ X g Y C ~g zg bX 5 7 Zzc*
R
X H Za Z Q}i gzZ Za }i VzgzZXZa ,V c*
ggzZ
$Z6,` V hiZ ;g Y@*
gzZf 0*
` Zzg ~!iZzwh
238 237
 X
DB*~( wZ)y*G!* z
M LZgzZ
s {g !* W = \ M ? z Ha 3= \ M L LX
Hk0* - Z D zg Z Q
@*
j Vz HyZ ~ L LX Vz ZgigzZ VzZ ~ L LX ? z Ha
m, )zg czggzZv Wk W y!*
X ( ** ic
X'
z} ;g
@VhzgzZVZgzZzzg Z! ZgiZ
O g@* +ZgzZv W~vX @*
gzZ zg Z0 -y ] c*
7Aa J &a
6,] +
h Z eg ]B; LZ @*
- t ?a } QzZ L L
Z y{i
zgzZ m,vgzZ z 7,yZgz kZX
}g7Z0
+i Y
KZ (7) X g6,
$Z ZzgzZ7,
- ai& 5%gzZUZg}uzX
>
5_gzZ XZ6,
5G
K HG ] !%JIm,
O` }g t
3ea
X
D **
akZx Z CY]Zq L i86,]
-Z =E X
D Y
czgk W L Lg WAa{g !*
z~ y~kZgzZ]ZkZX C
l ^n
czg k W L L k Q ~ Zp] V iZ [q
-Z t X

rgx Z~}g e a
` Zzg ]
!%X
[g Zz m,
X CYZp3 ( ^Z])
-Z s ZZ !%
D Y
]g ]Zg X Lg 6q
X
s1 w L L& Cgz'
,p@*
7VZe~ Va

] Z VzcgzZ VzM6,DgzZ !*
Zg t Z z
X @* /YL L
X ( C7{D~Va
akZX C'
,sgzZswgzZ )
gp x lZ Vk1 ~ a Z V73*Z 6,gzZ o Z~ n%p
**
g z Z 7
gzZ X Sg c x A 6,VdI bC - ~u
/ Z
]Y!Zj }vP 6,
wEZC
X Lg @* V%
Y G
beKZ VZ fX Zuc*
-X 2004X c*
Xgx, :F, 5 1!-1
X} Z Zizg~ e ~ Z EG
66
xg]X 15
.H
'
g1998X }p}uzgzZg Zi !*
5 ]
73Xgezg F Zug IX 2
kn
122 1990X pc
'[ Zc
y{ bX 3

125X sZX 4 X ~ y*G !*

M LZ VJZ @* a

eC
,
135@px)~y1~ Zz[ ZgzZpX y{ ~%X 5 pg pbQ X D hg7 KZ a
~ V# k
n B
95XgXZ*X 1996X , c*
X ~@Zig Z /Zz3, " -6
5F
E e6,gg ~ VzZ {z A

f z k Q **
$: e /ZX

YB
12X yZX 1998X CosmosX wg V -7
q u g -
M /&
$ Z L LX
( Grav)z

240 239