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Q) ~1t.~;~ ~1f • § *»~ 1895.

<1l Timothy Richard. Forty- f ioe Yearf in Chi.na, pp.172-173. <Zl Timothy Richard. For-ty five Yea rs in Chmu, pp. 151 ~] 60.

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,:2) Timothy Richard. Forty- fiw; Years in China. pp. 215. (ttt!tttliIJ·~£T(:n ~% HJ·.1J=0890 ip). ~ .i!.-$W:*:;t. ~(j!!iff. • ~ ~).1895 ~mi.

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