AIR

STEAM

N2, H2

Steam- N2, H2O, CO Shift CO2, H2, CO CO, CO2 N2, H2 Ammonia
sulphurization Co2 removal methanation
methane conversion synthesis
catalytic H2 N2,H20

refome

PURGE OF CO2 N2, H2, NH3 RECYCLE N2, H2

NATURAL GAS Ammonia

separator

NH3
CO2 storage
tank CO2 from recycle Urea plant

Granulated solid urea

FIGURE : BLOCK DIAGRAM OF UREA PRODUCTION

1. Desulphurization

Removes of sulphur by using catalytic hydrogenation

Equation : H2+ RSH RH+H2S(gas)
In the reactor using AL2O3 as catalyst
H2S +ZNO ZNS +H20

2. STEAM METHANE CATLYTIC REFORMER

CH4(g)+H2O(g) CO(g)+3H2(g)
In this system will involve of 2 types of reformer
1. Primary reformer
2. Secondary reformer
AIR +H2(g) N2(g) +H20
nd
Air being introduce in the 2 reformer as the air will react with hydrogen that being
produced by the 1st reformer

3. SHIFT CONVERSION

CO(g)+ H20(g) CO2(g)+H20(g)

4. CO2 REMOVAL

Catalyst of mono-ethanolamine (MEA) as the CO2 remove by the absorption of catalyst

5. METHANATION

COG)+3H2(g) CH4(g)+H20(g)
CO2(g)+4H2(g) CH4(g)+2H20(g)

6. AMMONIA REACTOR

N2(g)+H3(g) 3NH2(g)

7. UREA PLANT

Happen in the reactor at high temperature and pressure

Involve in 2 steps for the formation of urea

2NH3(g) + CO2(g) NH2COONH4(g)

NH2COONH4 H20+NH2CONH2(urea)