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Engineering design process

Introduction to designing process :


Engineering design process means it is series of steps taken by an engineer to solve a
problem many of times .The solution involves in designing a product is the engineer should
follow certain steps to design .there is a lot of difference between engineering design and
scientific method .when we are doing experiment we use scientific method . when we are
creating a design or testing something we use engineering design process

Steps of engineering designing process:


In order to design, we have to follow some steps .they are:

1. First we have to define a problem


2. After defining a problem we have to do some research of need of that problem
3. Later we have to specify the requirements
4. Think of many solutions and choose the best one. we have to create in sucha way
that is cheap and useful
5. Develop the process
6. Finally build a prototype and test it

Now I am going to explain engineering designing process with an example

Development of a ceiling fan:


A ceiling fan is a mechanical fan. It uses rotating paddles to circulate air .a conventional
ceiling fan can increase energy efficiency .Because of this case study we can increase the
efficiencyof a ceiling fan

Components of a ceiling fan:


The components of a ceiling fan are a motor and fan blades

Need of a motor is to drive the fan, if we use high efficiency motors the efficiency celling fan
increases..

Aerodynamics blades increases the efficiency by allowing a less expensive and low power
motors

Research on ceiling fan:


There is an engineering called parker who developed the ceiling fan and fan blades
Parker examined several celling fans and determining that most caused air to move at
speeds of approximate 2m/s.so that the enhanced ceiling fan would be a competitive
product

According to a survey, it is said that fan can reduce air conditioning bills by 40% .Inwinter by
reversing the direction of the ceiling fan heating costs can be lowered up to 10%

Modelling and simulation:


There is an engineer called hibbs who modelled the ceiling fan

Hibbs at first has choose for the fan blade shape a public domain air foil but it proved too
thin for the ceiling fan bladedesigns using other air foils The best aerofoil for the ceiling fan
design was determined to be a twisted and tapered one .It was predicted that a fan with
such blades, for the same air flow, would:

1. Meet performance requirements with only 8 W of electrical power delivered by the


motor to the fan
2. Exhibit double the efficiency of standard flat blade fans

PROTOTYPING OF CEILING FAN:

Four blades were built .To construct a blade cut from balsa sheet then attach them to a thin
metal tube every five centimetres using rapid-set instant glue. Tilt each profile to match the
profiles predicted by the simulations. Small balsa blocks should be glued between adjacent
profiles to stiffen the air foil while an epoxy coating should be added to the instant glue to
strengthen the bond at each joint. Finally the blades should be covered with several balsa
sheets of 0.4 mm (1/64 inch) thickness

PROTOTYPE TESTING OF A CEILING FAN:


In order to compare the performance of the prototype airfoils with that of flat blades
the performance characteristics and the measuring devices for them are:

1.air flow rate

2.power use

3.Fan shaft rotational speed.

Air flow rate is measured with a hot-wire anemometer

Power use is measured with a digital watt-hour meter

Fan shaft rotational speed is measured with an infrared tachometer


Efficiency:
Many of the people on their fans all the time even when no one was in a room such
operation is extremely inefficient for two reasons:

1.It wastes energy by operating the fan with no product

2. It adds to the air conditioning burden. So to maintain the efficiency gains achievable with
the enhanced ceiling fan controls are needed

The efficiency gains that can be obtained via ceiling fans in general and the enhanced ceiling
fan designed allow savings in electricity use in residences during the summer when cooling is
needed. The electricity savings have two dimensions:

1. A reduction in the quantity of electrical energy consumed


2. Lower peak electrical power requirements

HUMAN FACTORS:
1. Lifting associatedwith moving packing
2. Installation
3. Electric work
4. Contact with moving blades by accident

Aesthetics:
1.The decors

2. Rough edges in the prototypes were smoothed appearance was modified to allow the
fan to be acceptable with a variety of

Customer Expectations and Marketability:


The most important thing is we must satisfy customer

Customer wants operation simplicity in devices they purchase and usually prefer not to
have to worry about them..

Most users expect a light to be included in a residential ceiling fan

Most people expect a residential ceiling fan to operate in forward and reverse modes
and view this as a beneficial feature

Future Improvements to the Design:


1) Having the top surface of the fan blade have airfoil shape as the bottom surface flattens
2) Broadening the trailing edge while maintaining the efficiency associated with a sharp
edge.

3) Including bigger blade spans to increase the quantity of moving air and further its reach
and to better utilize the power of the motors used in the initial models

Final product:
The final designs are available in many styles:

1. A modern looking sleek unit with plain motor housing


2. A more traditional appearance

Conclusion:
The result of this design process said clearly that higher-efficiency operation can be achieved
for a ceiling fan by making its fan blades aerodynamic and that such a ceiling fan can further
reduce electrical use by building air conditioners significantly if it is operated properly in the
residence

T H A N K YO U
B Y D I N E S H A N D A R AV I N D
ID no:150030470&150070122

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