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ACID
Definition : ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Physical properties :
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
Chemical Properties :
Basicity Of Acid :
Basicity of Acid No of H+ Example
Monoprotic
Diprotic
Triprotic
________________________________________________________________________
Physical properties :
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
Chemical Properties :
1
b. Alkali + Ammonium salt ___________________________________________
Activity :
1. Complete the table below.
TEST YOURSELF
CHAPTER 7 : ACID BASES
A.ConcentrationofAcidandBases
1. Calculate the concentration in g mol-1 of 0.5 mole potassium hydroxide in 5.0 dm3 solution.
[Relative atomic mass; H.1;K.39;O,16]
2
2. Find the concentration of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution in g dm-3
[Relative atomic mass : Cl, 35.5; Na, 23]
3. 4.0 g of sodium, hydroxide is dissolved in water to make up 500 cm 3 of solution. Calculation the
molarity of sodium hydroxide solution obtained.
[ Relative atomic mass : H,1; Na, 23; O,16]
4. Calculate the number of moles of copper (II) sulphate in 250 cm 3 of 1.5 mol dm-3 copper (II) sulphate
solution.
5. What is the volume of 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution needed to prepare 250 cm 3 of 0.2 mol
dm-3sodium chloride solution?
3
B. Neutralisation
1. What is the volume of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid needed to neutralize 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3
potassium hydroxide solution?
2. What is the mass of zinc oxide needed to neutralize 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid?
[ Relative atomic mass: Zn, 165; O,16]
3. What is the molarity of 25 cm3of sodium hydroxide solution that is needed to neutralize 10 cm3 of 0.2
mol dm-3 sulphuric acid?
4
C. STRUCTURE QUESTION
1 The table below shows the description and observation for two experiments involving two
solutions:
Hydrogen chloride in solvent X
Hydrogen chloride in solvent Y
Observation
Experiment Description
HCl in solvent X HCl in solvent Y
Reaction of hydrogen
Effervescence
chloride in solvent X and
I occurs. A colourless No change occur
solvent Y with calcium
gas is liberated.
carbonate lumps.
Electrolysis of hydrogen
Ammeter shows Ammeter does not
II chloride in solvent X and
reading show reading.
solvent Y
............................................................................................................
(ii) What is the role of solvent in (b) (i) that enables the solution to show acidic
properties?
............................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(c) (i) Effervescence occurs when hydrogen chloride in solvent X react with calcium
carbonate. Name the gas liberated.
............................................................................................................
(ii) Describe a chemical test to identify the gas liberated in (c) (i)
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
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(iii) Write ionic equation for the reaction in (c) (i).
............................................................................................................
[4 marks]
(d) Hydrogen chloride in solvent X can conduct electricity but hydrogen chloride in solvent
Y cannot conduct electricity. Explain why.
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(e) Calculate the mass of hydrogen chloride gas, HCl to prepare 100 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 HCl
acid.
[relative atomic mass of H = 1,Cl = 35.5,C = 12,Ca = 40,O = 16 ]
[3 marks]
2 The diagram shows the set up apparatus for the titration of sodium hydroxide solution with
hydrochloric acid.
6
Hydrochloric acid
1moldm-3
50 cm3 of 1 moldm-3
sodium hydroxide
solution and
phenolphthalein
1.0 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid is added to 25 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 sodium hydroxide solution and
phenolphthalein is used as an indicator .
a) (i) Name the reaction between sodium hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid.
[ 1 mark ]
(ii) Name the salt produced in the experiment.
[ 1 mark ]
(b) State the colour change in the conical flask at the end point.
[ 1 mark]
(c) Write a chemical equation for the reaction occurs in the conical flask.
[ 1 mark]
(d) (i) Calculate the volume of 1.0 moldm-3 hydrochloric acid needed to exactly neutralise 25 cm3
of 1.0 moldm-3 sodium hydroxide solution.
[2 marks ]
-3
(ii)The experiment above is repeated by replacing 1.0 moldm hydrochloric acid with 0.5
moldm-3 sulphuric acid. Predict the volume of sulphuric acid required to complete neutralise the
sodium hydroxide solution.
[ 1 mark]
(e) Calculate the maximum mass of the salt formed in this experiment.
7
[Given that the relative atomic mass of Na = 23, Cl = 35.5 ]
[ 2 marks ]
(f) State one of the uses of the salt formed in daily lives.
[ 1 mark ]