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Fiber Technology:
Laser-Optimized Multimode
Multimode Vs Singlemode
Connector choice
Supportable Distances variation by data-rate LC, SC, ST, MT-RJ
Soot Deposition
Chemical Vapor
Moving Torch
Jim Hulsey
Drawing Tower
Preform is tested and moved to drawing
tower
Preform
Fiber is drawn to 125 microns
Then coated to 250 microns
Furnace
Optical, geometrical and mechanical tests
are then performed
125 um Fiber
Laser
Micrometer
Coating
250 um
Coated Fiber
UV Curing
Laser
Micrometer
Jim Hulsey
Some Fiber Basics
Step-index Multimode fiber:
In multimode fiber many modes of
light can travel along the fiber
In singlemode, only one mode is
considered to travel along the fiber
Different modes take different Graded-index Multimode fiber:
optical paths, hence within one
pulse there is the possibility for
modes to arrive at slightly different
arrival times
This is Modal Dispersion and can Singlemode fiber :
result in the broadening and overlap
of adjacent signals
This limits the bandwidth of an
optical fiber Modal Dispersion
It is minimized by the design of the
Refractive Index Profile of the fiber
e.g. Graded Index
Core
Diameter
Beam
Substrate
Beam Substrate
Jim Hulsey
VCSEL
Advantages of VCSEL over Edge Emitting Lasers
Lower cost
Lower power consumption
Higher reliability
Smaller size
Easier manufacturing and packaging
Simpler drive circuitry
Jim Hulsey
Laser Launch vs LED
Laser Launch LED Launch
Center Modes Middle Modes All Modes
Outer Modes
LED fills entire core
other combinations and
Overfilled Launch (OFL)
offsets
Jim Hulsey
Lasers replacing LEDs
850 nm LED: Uniform power distribution vs radius, fills all modes
Laser
10GVCSEL
10G VCSEL Detector
850nm
850nm
10GVCSEL
10G VCSEL Detector
850nm
850nm
Laser-Optimized Fiber
Fiber Comparisons
Jim Hulsey
Differential Mode Delay
DMD Scan Example
High DMD
Cladding Speed
Cladding
Detector
Core Core
SM fiber
Core
Jim Hulsey
Standards Status
Cabling Standards:
- TIA 568B.3-A-1 approved March 2002 includes cable and cord
requirements using 492AAAC fiber
- ISO/IEC 11801 2nd edition FDIS includes OM3 fiber type with
2000 MHz.km bandwidth
Test Methods:
- TIA FOTP 220 defines DMD test, FOTP 203 defines encircled
flux test for 10 Gb/s lasers specified in IEEE 802.3ae
- IEC 60793-1-49 will mirror FOTP 220 and FOTP 203
Jim Hulsey
ISO/IEC 11801 2nd Edition
Multimode Fiber, September 2001 Update
Minimum Modal Bandwidth
MHz.km
Jim Hulsey
Application/LAN Standards
Supporting OM3 Fiber Cabling
Backward compatible with legacy 850 and 1300 nm applications
IEEE 802.3ae 10GbE using 850 nm serial transmission
10GBASE-SR: Serial LAN PMD
10GBASE-SW: Serial WAN PMD (STM-64/OC-192c)
INCITS (International Committee for Information Technology
Standards): 10G Fiber Channel (10 GFC) application using 850 nm
serial transmission
Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF): 10G application (VSR-4) using
850 nm serial transmission
Jim Hulsey
IEEE 802.3ae: 10GbE Options
Serial
850 10GBASE-SR 28/35 m 69/86 m 300 m NA 1x
10GBASE-SW
CWDM
1310
10GBASE-LX4
300 m 300 m 300 m 10 km 34x
Serial
1310 10GBASE-LR NA NA NA 10 km 1.5 2 x
10GBASE-LW
Serial
1550 10GBASE-ER NA NA NA 40 km 46x
10GBASE-EW
R = 64B/66B encoding
W = 64B/66B encoding plus Sonet frame
X = 8B/10B encoding
Jim Hulsey
10 Gigabit Ethernet Options
for Multimode Fiber
10 Gb/s on Conventional MMF 10G on Laser Optimized MMF
Jim Hulsey
10 Gb/s is REAL!!!!
Electronics are on the market
Nortel, Cisco, Avaya, Foundry, Enterasys,
others, offer LAN and/or WAN options
Jim Hulsey
New LOMMFs for Extended Distance
ISO/IEC Multimode Fiber Performance by Types
Jim Hulsey
Laser-Optimized Fiber: 10Gbps
Support to 550 meters
LONGEST distances
550 meters for 10Gbps, 1100 meters for 1Gbps
Support for 10Gbps Fiber Channel
HIGHEST bandwidth
4700/500 MHz.km (Laser) & 3500/500
MHz.km (OFL)
LOWEST attenuation
3.0/1.0 dB/km
DMD - Launch Correspondence
10G launches at least 86% of power within 19 m radius
Tight inner DMD mask matches region carrying bulk of power
Looser DMD allowed in center and at edge
23
Core
18
Bulk
of
Power
5
Radius 4.5
(m) 0
-5
19
-18
-23
DMD
DMD - Launch Correspondence
New OM3 550 m fiber specs expand range of tight inner masks
Tight control for 30% of power allowed inside 4.5 m radius
Higher reliability & future proofing for concentrated launches
23
Core
18
Up to 30%
5
Radius 4.5
(m) 0
-5
19
-18
-23
DMD
Shameless Plug Alert
Here it comes..
Jim Hulsey
Differential Mode Delay
DMD Scan Example
High DMD
Cladding Speed
Cladding
Detector
Core Core
SM fiber
Core
1. SYSTIMAX uses 1 m
1. Superior spatial resolution 1. Standard allows radial
increment up to 2 m
2. SYSTIMAX uses ultra-fast (5 ps)
pulse widths 2. Speed of laser
1. Superior temporal resolution unspecified in standard
2. Others use lasers 20 times
slower! 3. Test length unspecified
3. SYSTIMAX tests system-level in standard
lengths (300 500 m)
1. Relates directly to system
performance
2. Others test long-lengths (4,400
m or longer)
1. Averaging DMD over long lengths can
hide problems at system lengths
10 Gb/s Support Comparison
OM3+ 550
OM3 300
OM3 - 150
82 OM3 50 m LO
OM2 50 m
32 OM1 62.5 m
Distance (Meters)
OM3 550 OUTPERFORMS Generic 50 m by 571%!!
OM3 550 OUTPERFORMS LOMMF/OM3 STD. by 83%!!
1 Gb/s Support Comparison
OM3 + 1100
OM3 1000
OM3 - 800
550 OM3 50 m LO
OM2 50 m
275 OM1 62.5 m
Distance (Meters)
OM3 550 OUTPERFORMS Generic 50 m by 100%!!
OM3 550 OUTPERFORMS 62.5 m multimode by 300%!!
LOMMF Applications Support
Applications OM3 550 m OM3 50 micron 62.5 micron
Supported LOMMF LOMMF 500/500MHz.km 200/500MHz.km
Jim Hulsey
OM3/LOMMF
Lowest electronics cost for 10G
Best
850 nm VCSEL transceivers (one 10G
channel) at lower relative cost to other options
Choice
based on less stringent requirements for
alignment over OM3 fiber
1300 nm singlemode transceivers (one 10G 50%
channel) are very expensive due to very tight Premium
alignment requirements
CWDM (four channels at 2.5G over multimode)
is even more expensive due to the the high 100%
part counts and packaging complexity Premium
Cost Comparison of Fiber Solutions
12-Fiber Plenum Cable Typical End-User Project Price
Initial Upgrade to
Cabling Options 1G Electronics 10G Electronics
Type Range Avg Length Transceiver Cord Transceiver Cord
Cost Legend
VERY LOW LOW MEDIUM HIGH
$2,000
2004
1G-LX $746.25
1G-SX $375.00
$1,000
Prem/ckt $742.50
$0
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
10G-LX4 $3,000 $2,400 $1,943 $1,588 $1,308 $1,085 $905 $758 $637 $537 $453
10G-SR $2,250 $1,688 $1,288 $1,000 $788 $630 $509 $416 $342 $284 $237
Prem/ckt $1,500 $1,425 $1,309 $1,176 $1,041 $911 $792 $685 $589 $506 $433
2004 prices are 75% of Cisco List Price for Nov/Dec 2003 delivery
Chip cost portion declining at 35%/yr while optics declining at 15%/yr
Chip/optics portions estimated to account for 25%/75% of LX4 cost
Chip/optics portions estimated to account for 50%/50% of SR cost
ROI Analysis: SM vs OM1 Comparison
Transceiver savings (none)
plus MC-PC savings Rate of Return
# active Initial 1G premium upon upgrading to 10G on Initial Premium
circuits Cabling Cord Transc Total 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
1 -$211 $7 $743 $538 $288 $288 $288 $288 $288 -27% -15% -10% -8% -6%
2 -$211 $14 $1,485 $1,288 $575 $575 $575 $575 $575 -33% -18% -13% -10% -8%
3 -$211 $21 $2,228 $2,037 $863 $863 $863 $863 $863 -35% -19% -13% -10% -8%
4 -$211 $28 $2,970 $2,787 $1,150 $1,150 $1,150 $1,150 $1,150 -36% -20% -14% -10% -8%
5 -$211 $35 $3,713 $3,536 $1,438 $1,438 $1,438 $1,438 $1,438 -36% -20% -14% -11% -9%
6 -$211 $42 $4,455 $4,286 $1,725 $1,725 $1,725 $1,725 $1,725 -37% -20% -14% -11% -9%
0%
-10%
-20%
-30% 6 circuits
5 circuits
4 circuits
-40% 3 circuits
2 circuits
1 circuit
-50%
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
100%
6 circuits
5 circuits
80%
4 circuits
3 circuits
60% 2 circuits
1 circuit
40%
20%
0%
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
100%
6 circuits
5 circuits
80%
4 circuits
3 circuits
60%
2 circuits
1 circuit
40%
20%
0%
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
0%
-25%
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Time
Jim Hulsey
The SFF Connector Choice For
10 Gb/s Ethernet Transceivers
10 Gb/s transceivers with SFF connectors already available
The SFF connector choice: LC
Picolight: 10GBASE-SR with LC pigtails
Cielo: 10GBASE-SR, LR with LC pigtails
Finisar
OpNext: 10GBASE-LR with LC pigtails
Ignis Optics: Xenpak compliant (Hot-pluggable,
2 x GBIC size), 10GBASE-LR, ER with SC or
LC receptacles
Optillion: Xenpak compliant, 10GBASE-LR,
ER with LC receptacles only
LC is the only small-form factor connector on 10G transceivers
Ciscos Entire new 1G SFP line
QUESTIONS?
Jim
SYSTIMAX SCS
Advancing Network Performance