Part of speech

Noun

Verb
Lexical
Adjective

Adverb

Preposition
Function word
Conjunction

Article

Lexical
Bermakna, dapat ditambahkan imbuhan
Ex : go-going , beautifuly

Function word
Tidak bermakna
Ex : on, but, an
Noun
Berfungsi dalam kalimat sebagai :
- Subject
- Object
- Predicate

Kind
- Company by article
- Abstract (tidak berwujud), tidak dapat dirasakan oleh indera
- Concrete (berwujud)
- Common : book, bag, table
- Profer (nama) : bill, jim
- Collective : team, group

Classification of noun

a. Countable (dapat dihitung)

Singular plural
A book Two books
An apple Ten apples
A river Three rivers

b. Uncountable (tidak dapat dihitung)

Perlu takaran untuk menghitungnya

Singular plural
bread Five loaves of bread
coffee Two cups of coffee
water Five bottles of water
Verb
Kind

- Regular
- Irregular

Usage

- Finite : bentuk verb yang dipengaruhi oleh :

Subject
Tense
Numeral

Finite:

Infinitive
Present tense (v1)
Modals
To Be

- Nonfinite:
To infinitive
Past participle (v3)
Present participle (ving)

Ordinary

( S + p/v + c/o )

Ex: she took my book ,

She takes my book

Auxiliary verbs (kata kerja bantu)

Modals
Can
Shall
Will + verb 1
Must infinitive
May

- Can = dapat
Ex: he can speak English
- May = boleh, mungkin
Ex : I may be late
- Must = harus, tentunya
Ex: I must do my homework
- Shall = akan, boleh
Ex: we shall go to malang tomorrow
- Will = akan, mau
- Ex: he will go to bandung tomorrow

Have
Has + verb 3
Had

Ex: I have gone

she has taken
he had been watching television before I came

To be / be
Is, am, are , was, were
Ex : he is writing a letter
He was admitted to the law school
1) Adjective
Ex : he is good
2) Noun
Ex : she is a student
3) Adverb
Ex : she is in bandung
4) Passive (be + v3)
Ex :
5) Progressive / continuous ( S + be + Ving )
Have + noun = ordinary
Have + V3 = auxiliary
Bentuk

Transitive
Dipengaruhi / membutuhkan objek ( S + V + O )
Ex : I took his book , I sent a letter to her
Intransitive
S+V+C
Ex: he went home last week, he is a carpenter

To infinitive V1 V2 V3 Ving
To go Go/goes went gone Going
To do Do/does did done Doing
To be Be/is, are Was/were Been being
To take Take/s took taken -

dynamic Stative
Go See
Take Know
Make Like
jump Be / is am are

Usage of classification verb

A) To infinitive
S+V+C
I try to sleep I tried to sleep
B) Infinitive
Dipakai untuk :
- Pembentukkan kalimat dengan menggunakan modals
- Pembentukkan tense future present / past
Present future
Menyatakan akan. ( S + will/shall + Infinitive (V1) )
Ex : he will go to your home this evening

Future past
Suatu bentuk kalimat yang akan terjadi diwaktu lampau
When/ if (S + would/should + V1) when/if (S + V2 + C/O)
Ex: when I would go to my campus this morning, I met my old friend
 Simple present
( S + V1 + C/O )
Ex: I go to my campus every morning, he takes her book

Preterite (V2)
Untuk pembentukkan kalimat dengan simple past tense
( S + V2 + C/O )
Ex: I went to bali last year, she was beautiful

Past participle (V3)

Untuk pembentukan tense perfect
a. Present perfect
(S + have/has + V3 + c/o )
Ex: I have stayed in bandung since 1995
b. Past perfect
( S + had + V3 + c/o ) conjuction (S + V2 + c/o)
Ex: my friends had already gone on 7:30pm when I arrived on 8:00pm last night .

Present participle (Ving)

Digunakan untuk :
a. Perfect continuous / progressive
( S + is,are,am + Ving + c/o )
Ex : my boss is playing his clark for clothes
b. Past continuous / progressive
( S + was/were + Ving + c/o ) , ( S + V2 + c/o )
Ex : when I was sleeping lastnight, somebody come to my room.

Present future perfect

( S + will/shall + have + V3 + c/o )
Ex : I shall have swum at the swimming pool

Present future continuous

( S + will/shall + be + Ving + c/o )
Ex : you will be swimming

Future perfect continuous

( S + will/shall + have + been + Ving + c/o )
Ex : we should have been swimming
Adjective
- Is a word to modify noun

- Function :
Definite adjective
Ex : the book
Indefinite adjective
Ex : a book
Numeral adjective
Ex : two books

1. Regular adjective
adjective comparative superlative
Old - Er - Est
beautiful More most

2. Irregular adjective
adjective comparative superlative
good better The best
Adverb

- To modify :
Verb ex: come quickly
Adjective ex: very beautiful
Adverb ex: very well

- Kind of adverb as usage :

1. Adverb of time
Ex : yesterday, on Friday, at 7 oclock, always
2. Adverb of place
Ex : here , there, in bandung, at home
3. Manner (keadaan)
Ex: strong, hard

- Kind of adverb as classified

adverb
Adverb + ly

regular Ex : Happily
Wisely
Hopefully

Well better best

irregular Badly worse - worst
Much more - most
Preposition
Function :

- To connect : noun-noun, verb-noun,etc.

- Untuk membentuk arti baru
Ex: look ( melihat ) ---- look for ( mencari )
- Dapat menjadi keterangan tempat
Preposition + noun
Ex : on, it, at, below, above, etc.
- Distance : trought

Conjuction
- Function : menggabungkan antara kata dengan kelompok kata (phrase), kata-kata,
kalimat-kalimat
Word : beautiful but stupid
Phrase :
Clause : I will go to his party if he invited me
Sentence :

1. Coordinating conjunctions
Menghubungkan kalimat yang sederajat (tidak bergantung pada kalimat yang lain)
And : he didnt write and I didnt feel at rest
Also : he is honest and you also
Etc.

2. Subordinating conjunction
Menghubungkan kalimat pokok dan anak kalimat
If : I will go out tomorrow if I am better
Etc.
 Tugas bahasa inggris
(laporan akhir hasil pembelajaran)

Nama : Irfan ramadhan

NRP : 14 2013 013

Jurusan / kelas : Teknik Kimia / A

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI NASIONAL

BANDUNG
2013