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PENULIS:
NAMA : DIAH AYU MUSTIKA
NIM : 131511133080
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa tugas berikut adalah hasil karya saya sendiri. Apabila dengan
sengaja terdapat kesamaan (plagiarisme) dalam pengerjaannya. Saya bersedia untuk mengulang
pengerjaan portofolio sebagaimana ditetapkan bersama dengan PJMK BAE 112.
NIP/NIK :
Hasil Review :
Heart failure is a condition that occurs when the heart fails to pump blood in sufficient
numbers to complete the metabolic requirements (unequal supply with demand), or the heart to
work properly only when the filling pressure (ventricular filling) is raised. Heart failure is also a
final state (end stage) of any heart disease, including atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries,
myocardial infarction, heart valve abnormalities, and congenital abnormalities. (Muttaqin, 2009).
Killips classification based on use in patients with acute myocardial infarction, by division:
- Grade I: without heart failure
- Grade II: Heart failure with smooth wet crackles in the lung bases and increased Galop S3
pulmonary venous pressure
- Grade III: severe heart failure with pulmonary edema throughout the lung fields.
- Grade IV: Cardiogenic shock with hypotension (systolic blood pressure _ 90 mmHg) and
peripheral vasoconstriction (oliguria, cyanosis and diaphoresis).
1. Decrease in cardiac output associated with altered heart rate, altered preload, altered afterload,
and contractility
2. Acute pain associated with biological injury agent (miocardial ishcemik)
3. Excess fluid volume associated with increased production of ADH, sodium and water resistance