STep&Touch

SITE ACCEPTANCE TEST PROCEDURE & FORMAT FOR STEP & TOUCH POTENTIAL
CLIENT: CONSULTANT: CONTRACTOR:
QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

PHASE 11 SUBSTATIONS PACKAGES S17&S18 Date :
Name of Substation : COMMON Bay Number :
Name of Equipment : Manufacturer :
INDEX
SI.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

1 OBJECTIVE
2 REFERENCE DRAWINGS
3 MEASUREMENT OF EARTHING IMPEDANCE

3.1 GENERAL INFORMATIONS
3.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
3.3 TEST PROCEDURE
3.4 TEST SETUP
3.5 TEST RESULT
4 MEASUREMENT OF STEP & TOUCH VOLTAGE
4.1 EXPLANATIONS
4.2 TEST PROCEDURE
4.3 TEST RESULT
4.3 A MEASUREMENT OF STEP VOLTAGE
4.3 B MEASUREMENT OF TOUCH VOLTAGE
Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date
Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 2 of 17


1. OBJECTIVE
These This document defines the specific procedure and report structure for the Site Acceptance Tests for the
EARTHING SYSTEM.
The aim of this Site Acceptance Tests is to ascertain the healthiness of the equipment and demonstrate adherence
to the Contract Technical specifications.
This document covers the tests of earthing system to be carried out in the substation Measurement of ground
impedance or resistance on the surface of the earth due to ground currents are necessary to verify the adequacy of
a new grounding system in accordance with the technical specification.
Determine hazardous step and touch voltages.
2. REFERENCE DRAWINGS
Title Drawing No. Status

Single line Drawing
General Layout Drawing
Ground Mesh Plan
Indoor Earthing Detail
Substation Earthing Calculation
TEST EQUIPMENT USED
CALIBRATION
EQUIPMENT NAME SI.NO REMARKS
DUE DATE
(TEST LOCATION WILL BE MODIFIED AT SITE AS PER THE EARTHING LAYOUT DIAGRAM)
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


3. MEASUREMENT OF EARTHING IMPEDANCE
3.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
Measurement of ground impedance or resistance on the surface of the earth due to ground currents are
necessary to:
Verify the adequacy of a new grounding system in accordance with the technical specification.
Determine hazardous step and touch voltages. TERMINOLOGY The measured value is impedance and
should be so considered, although the terminology often
used is resistance.
PRECAUTIONS
To avoid mutual coupling errors between current and potential test-circuits, the leads of current and
potential circuits are laid in such manner that the angle between the leads is at least 90 degrees in the
bird eye view.
When the length of the leads from the A.C test generator to the nearest injected point is too important,
these leads should be twisted.
THEORY
In accordance with IEEE 80:2000 or IEEE 81-1983 in Guide for safety in A.C S/S grounding named as
fall of potential method or in VDE 101 named as current and voltage measurement method will be used
for measurement of earth resistance and earthing impedance. The method consists of plotting the ratio of
Uev/lv = R as a function of probe spacing x.
X : measurement interval
lv : measurement current
R : punctual earthing resistance
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


Pole reversal method will be used of elimination of extraneous and interference voltages when measuring earthing
and touch/step voltage.
Uev0: residual voltage (l = 0)

Uev (0): potential rise of ground-grid (l direct)
Uev (180): potential rise of ground-grid (l reverse)
Uev: "true" potential rise .
3.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
It should be strongly impressed on all test personnel that a lethal potential can exist between the station ground
and a remote ground if a power-system fault involving the stations ground occurs while ground tests are being
made.
It is true that the chances are remote that a station-ground fault will occur while test leads are being handled but
this possibility should not be discounted and therefore the use of protection devices are recommended whenever
measurements are carried out at an energised power-station.
In all cases, safety procedures and practices audited by the particular organization involved shall be followed.
3.3 TEST PROCEDURE
The measurement consists of passing an AC current through the station ground via a ground electrode or probe
remote (approx equal or more than 300M) from the station, and measuring the voltage produced between the
station ground and the "surface" of the ground at a remote area by measuring voltage bird eye view 90direction
from the current flow direction.
Instead of using the ground electrode, we can use feeder circuits to the respective substation. In this case we have
to apply a current of 100A from the earthing grid under test substation to remote substation grid through
respective feeder outer sheath.
Where possible the test current selected shall be high enough for the voltages to be measured (earthing voltages
and touch voltages are related to the test current) higher than any extraneous and interference voltages. Generally
test current of 100A shall be used.
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


The term "remote" implies very large probe spacing since the probes are considered to be placed in locations
where the earth current density approaches zero.
The potential-measuring circuit is then connected between the station ground-grid and a potential probe. This
probe may be moved, in accordance with the sub clause 5.2., in equal increments of distance (each 20m). The
potential should be deduce from the sub-clause 5.3.
The resistance readings obtained at the various locations may be plotted against distance from the station.
The apparent ground resistance is obtained in accordance with the flat portion of the curve.
- The earthing impedance is: Ze = Uev/lv
SELECTION OF CURRENT INJECTION DISTANCE
Type and Size of Earthing System (m) Minimum Separation (m)

Large substation - greater than 100 x
700
100
Medium substation - 20 x 20 to 100 x
300 to 700
100
Small substation - less than 20 x 20 300
Distribution transformer - less than 5 x
100
5
-As a general rule the current injection point should be separated by at least 7 times the diagonal distance of the
earthing system under test
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


3.4 TEST SETUP
GROUND POTENTIAL RISE (GPR) MEASUREMENT DIRECTION
Electrode / Sub Station Grid DISTANCE >300M-Earthing Grid

Under Test
To carry out this test, the AC current generator one end to be connected to S/S grid under the test and one more
end connected to be remote end through power cable or spike which is earthed at remote end. A clamp ammeter is
to be clamped on the cable to monitor the flow of remote current towards the earth grid under test
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


3.5 TEST REPORT FOR EARTHING SYSTEM AT MERGHAB 66/11KV S/S

MEASURED IMPEDANCE OF GROUNDING SYSTEM
Design value of Grid resistance = Ohm
SI.NO. Iv (A) Uev 0 (V) Uev(0) (V) Uev(180) (V) Uev(V) R(mohm) X(m) in metres
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


Earth grid resistance (Ze)= 0.0557487 ohm.
Earthing voltage = IFmax/ Iv *ze
= 400*0.0557487
=22.29948 v
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


4. MEASUREMENT OF STEP AND TOUCH VOLTAGE
4.1 EXPLANATIONS
The basic method for such gradient measurements involves passing a test load current through the station ground
via a remote current electrode as in sub-clause 6: "Measurement of resistance of grounding system" and
measuring the resulting step and touch potentials.
The measurement of step and touch potentials may be takes at selected locations throughout the "system" and
around its perimeter (gates, fences.) and specially at the most dangerous location.
These measurements represent the step and touch potentials under the test condition.
The touch and step voltages shall be determined with a voltmeter with an iterance of approximately 1 k.( The
human body will load the circuit with approximately 1 k hand to hand or hand to foot (see IEC60479:1994).)
The measuring electrode(s) that simulate the feet shall have a total surface area of 400 cm and rest on the ground
with a minimum force of 500 N in all. A point electrode may be used to simulate the hand.
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


-One large plate (402 cm2) is used for touch voltage measurements to simulate the contact of two feet in parallel.
Two smaller plates (each 201 cm2) are used for step voltages. Refer to section 7 of IEEE80:2000 for further
details.
STEP VOLTAGE
The method consists to measure the potential difference between two accessible points on the ground separated by
the distance of one meter (1m). Copper plate electrodes, simulating human's weight and feet, are used for the step
voltage potential measurement.
Test equipment will be connected as mentioned in point 7.0. Two aluminum plates of 201 sq mm will be placed
on the surface 1M away from each other & having weight on plates equivalent to one persons weight across this
plates 1k resistor will be connected and voltage is measured across the resistance. The measurement shall be
done at all rooms of substation and transformer area.
TOUCH VOLTAGE
The method consists to measure the potential difference between electrical equipment or steel structure and one
accessible point on the ground separated by the distance of one meter (1m). One copper plate electrode same as
above is used.
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


4.2 TEST PROCEDURE
A. Earth Rod Installation Check the Installation of the Earth Rod as per Check List Test Sheet.
B. Earth Rod Installation.

- Disconnect the entire Earthing Cables of Earth grid from the Tap off of Earth Rod.
- Connect the Low resistance Test equipment.
- Switch ON the Test equipment & read the resistance value shown on the equipment & note down the
reading in the Test Sheet.
- Follow the above same procedure to measure the resistance of all remaining Earth rods.
- Repeat the same procedure to take the Earth grid resistance along with all the Earth Rod connected to
Earth grid. Note down the resistance in the Test Sheet.
C. Continuity of Earthing Cable.
With the help of multimeter continuity of the Earth Cable laid from Earth Rod / Earth grid to Electrical
equipment will be measured & result will be noted in the Test Sheet.
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


4.3 TEST RESULTS
4.3A MEASUREMENT OF STEP VOLTAGE
IF max= 40000 A K = IF max/lv

Iv Uev0 Uev Uev Ustep= Location
SI.No Uev (mV) K Location Name
(A) (mV) (0)(mV) (180)(mV) K*Uev(mV) Reference
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


MAX. STEP VOLTAGES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FAULT

Ustep in volts = I fault(ka) * Uev(v) / IF max.
I fault Ustep in
Sl.. No. Iv(A) (KA) Uev (v) volts
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Determination of earthing voltage:

Stable Impedance Ohms
UEV=IF max*R () Fault Current Amps
GPR Volts
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


4.3B MEASUREMENT OF TOUCH VOLTAGE
IF max= A K = IF max/lv
Uev Uev
Uev0 Ustep= Location
SI..No Iv (A) (0) (180) Uev (mV) K Location Name
(mV) K*Uev(mV) Reference
(mV) (mV)
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


MAX. TOUCH VOLTAGES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FAULT
Utouch in volts = I fault(ka) * Uev(v) / IF max.
MAX. TOUCH VOLTAGES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FAULT CURRENT
Sl..
Iv(A) I fault (KA) Uev (v) Utouch in volts
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date


Determination of earthing voltage:

Stable Impedance Ohms
UEV=IF max*R () Fault Current Amps
GPR Volts
Signature Signature
Name Name
Date Date

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SITE ACCEPTANCE TEST PROCEDURE & FORMAT FOR STEP & TOUCH POTENTIAL

CLIENT: CONSULTANT: CONTRACTOR:

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

SI.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.

3 MEASUREMENT OF EARTHING IMPEDANCE

4 MEASUREMENT OF STEP & TOUCH VOLTAGE

4.2 TEST PROCEDURE

4.3 TEST RESULT

4.3 A MEASUREMENT OF STEP VOLTAGE

4.3 B MEASUREMENT OF TOUCH VOLTAGE

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 2 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

Determine hazardous step and touch voltages.

Title Drawing No. Status

TEST EQUIPMENT USED

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 3 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

3. MEASUREMENT OF EARTHING IMPEDANCE

3.1 GENERAL INFORMATION

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 4 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

Uev0: residual voltage (l = 0)

3.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

3.3 TEST PROCEDURE

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 5 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

SELECTION OF CURRENT INJECTION DISTANCE

Type and Size of Earthing System (m) Minimum Separation (m)

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 6 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

3.4 TEST SETUP

GROUND POTENTIAL RISE (GPR) MEASUREMENT DIRECTION

Electrode / Sub Station Grid DISTANCE >300M-Earthing Grid

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 7 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

3.5 TEST REPORT FOR EARTHING SYSTEM AT MERGHAB 66/11KV S/S

Design value of Grid resistance = Ohm

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 8 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

Earth grid resistance (Ze)= 0.0557487 ohm.

Earthing voltage = IFmax/ Iv *ze

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 9 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

4. MEASUREMENT OF STEP AND TOUCH VOLTAGE

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 10 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 11 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

4.2 TEST PROCEDURE

B. Earth Rod Installation.

C. Continuity of Earthing Cable.

Tested by NCC Verified by EPE / KAHRAMAA

Doc.No. PH11-8G-301-62-P001 Rev. 0 Page No. 12 of 17

QATAR POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION Contract No. : GTC/488G/2012

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