Index
ABCDE model, 168
ABC principle, 34, 1667
abuse, 18, 39, 47, 106, 123, 151, 199, 200221
academic achievement, 212
acceptance, 19, 2930, 182, 194
accommodation, 29
acculturation, 126, 226
acculturative stress, 90, 125, 177, 179, 231
achievement, 13, 23, 31, 81, 86, 9092, 11314,
182, 196, 212, 219, 236
adaptation, 184
addiction, 18, 25, 145, 182, 221
Adler, Alfred, 18, 28, 61, 76, 7788, 915
Adlerian therapy, 289, 76, 7987, 914, 113
adversity, 13, 45, 207
affect, 4, 9, 18, 223, 378, 5052, 56, 645,
8991, 140143, 14950, 1535, 1589,
162, 168, 1723, 17980, 1857, 191, 193,
196, 198, 203, 205, 21113, 215, 220221,
2289, 234
affection, 14, 72
African, 11
African American, 70, 72, 87, 89, 104, 106, 122,
1546, 174, 209, 2136, 22731
age, 4, 29, 367, 60, 113, 155, 165, 199200,
20210, 230
aggression, 94
Counseling Psychology: An Integrated Positive Psychological Approach, First Edition. Ruth Chu-Lien Chao.
2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
altruism, 63, 93, 195
American Counseling Association (ACA), 4
American Psychiatric Association (APA), 41
American Psychological Association (APA), 5,
12, 40, 67, 114, 191
anal stage, 27, 60
analysis, 28, 130, 132, 1467, 152, 162,
200201, 217
anger, 18, 23, 48, 656, 91, 93, 108, 110, 122,
1323, 135, 1834, 208, 223, 232
anxiety, 18, 23, 28, 30, 36, 3940, 589, 61, 636,
71, 73, 967, 99103, 106, 109, 11617,
134, 136, 13843, 145, 147, 150151,
15860, 1645, 16970, 173, 221
appraisal, 52
Asian Americans, 54, 122, 209
assertiveness, 36, 39, 121, 16970
assessment, 3031, 37, 39, 41, 80, 85, 89, 935,
11922, 124, 1268, 133, 145, 158,
attending, 8, 123
attention, 1011, 32, 40, 458, 53, 61, 63, 66, 68,
79, 83, 85, 110, 115, 11819, 126, 134, 136,
140, 154, 170, 175, 202, 2089, 232
attitudes, 54, 59, 61, 64, 66, 68, 71, 90, 11215,
128, 133, 175, 177, 179, 192, 216, 2258
attributions, 148, 221
authenticity, 50, 71, 97, 237
 Index
avoidance, 51, 65, 73, 99, 151, 160
awareness, 45, 16, 22, 3032, 378, 58, 612,
64, 6870, 73, 80, 82, 86, 89, 91, 934, 96,
99100, 102, 1045, 1078, 110, 11415,
117, 1245, 128, 130135, 137, 13944,
1512, 161, 167, 172, 175, 177, 188, 203,
210211, 219, 221, 224
balance, 1012, 136, 144, 159, 179
behavior, 1011, 1314, 18, 289, 33, 37, 41,
4950, 58, 612, 64, 66, 74, 778, 80, 86,
94, 98, 1056, 11213, 115, 123, 1256,
128, 1334, 14567, 169, 171, 177, 17985,
187, 189, 195, 200, 202, 205, 220221, 234
behaviorism, 34, 96, 98, 113, 130, 147, 153
change, cognitive theory of, 29, 80, 146, 148,
150, 154, 15961, 184
modification, 1456
therapy, 10, 33, 41, 113, 128, 14565, 167,
169, 171, 180
beliefs, 11, 16, 25, 29, 33, 55, 65, 678, 71, 86, 89,
94, 100, 102, 104, 106, 110, 113, 121, 127,
144, 148, 163, 1659, 1714, 17780, 183,
190, 215, 2256, 228
benefits, 6, 23, 29, 42, 69, 71, 74, 89, 93, 121,
126, 144, 161, 171, 192, 234
boundaries, 39, 46, 189
Buddhism, 11
caregivers, 60
challenges, 15, 34, 50, 56, 66, 82, 86, 934, 111,
1245, 128, 140, 167, 187, 199, 205, 2078,
211, 214, 220, 231
change, 7, 17, 29, 31, 356, 38, 62, 67, 80, 83, 99,
1078, 11419, 129, 131, 133, 141, 146,
14851, 1534, 15861, 1635, 1678,
1756, 1812, 1845, 188, 1912, 195, 198,
200201, 2036, 2089, 21112, 21415,
217, 220, 2234, 226, 231, 233, 236
childhood, 5961, 724, 779, 834, 88, 92,
945, 108, 114, 123, 1256, 148, 150, 152,
158, 166, 180, 200, 221
citizenship, 50, 67, 237
classical conditioning, 1468, 150
classification, 18, 20, 24, 42, 47, 4950, 205, 236
client, 4, 8, 1718, 2021, 256, 2838, 54, 57,
63, 68, 71, 78, 80, 83, 85, 88, 94, 97, 11218,
120121, 1245, 1289, 1313, 135, 152,
251
15860, 1645, 1678, 170172, 174, 178,
184, 186, 188, 197, 199, 2013, 208,
210211, 213, 215, 219, 222
client-therapist relationship, 38, 203
cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), 1478,
1625, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175, 177, 17980
cognitive restructuring, 148, 169, 180
coherence, 52
collectivism, 92, 1245, 137, 158, 176
collectivistic cultures, 86
commitment, 31, 92, 14950, 160, 182, 184,
194, 233
communication, 69, 132, 1656, 170, 197,
220221, 223, 228
compassion, 11, 22, 47, 65, 116, 132, 237
competence, 45, 68, 78, 87, 205
concentration, 18, 20, 82, 97, 143, 148
conduct, 5, 24, 119, 124, 159, 191, 221, 238
confidence, 21, 30, 64, 66, 140, 173, 2089
connectedness, 199
connection, 38, 69, 100, 138, 182, 186, 192, 203,
216, 227, 229
consciousness, 38, 57, 59, 62, 645, 689, 723,
77, 99, 2034, 209, 219
consultation, 1378, 191
contact and resistance to, 31, 117, 128, 130132,
134, 170, 232
context, 4, 10, 1213, 17, 22, 24, 38, 456, 49,
545, 578, 62, 689, 77, 84, 88, 97, 105,
113, 119, 122, 127, 130, 132, 134, 140, 146,
149, 155, 157, 164, 172, 182, 199201, 203,
205, 210, 212, 217, 21920, 2224, 226,
229, 231
coping, 64, 72, 78, 83, 142, 151, 156, 160, 171,
1745, 215, 226
counselor, 1819, 9093, 15861, 17780,
21316, 226, 2325
countertransference, 74
creativity, 20, 4950, 63, 69, 101, 236
culture, 4, 1113, 1516, 245, 54, 56, 6771, 867,
8994, 1046, 120128, 1378, 154, 1568,
1612, 17480, 190193, 210216, 2258
curiosity, 20, 45, 48, 50, 55, 236
death, 18, 21, 97, 100101, 106, 155, 1834,
187, 191
decision making, 48, 196
demographic factors, 51
252 Index
depression, treatment of, 12, 1819, 23, 40, 48,
61, 132, 135, 145, 1646, 16970, 1723,
184, 187, 1956, 220221
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM), 13, 1819, 24, 31, 33, 41,
4950, 187, 18990, 193
DSM-V, 13
disclosure, 116, 209
discrimination, 5, 545, 70, 72, 74, 9091, 93,
106, 155, 157, 174, 21416, 230
disease model, psychology, 9, 18, 25, 40, 150,
201, 205, 212, 215
displacement, 61, 66
dispositions, 55
distress, psychological, 4, 78, 1314, 389,
645, 11516, 11821, 124, 1267, 135,
138, 140, 143, 147, 153, 1578, 164, 170,
175, 201, 2035, 212, 215
diversity, 13, 38, 536, 6770, 147, 149, 154, 202,
208, 210, 229
dream analysis, 28
dreams, 28, 63, 66, 867, 132, 206
DSM See Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM)
dysfunction, clinical assessment of, 9, 88, 1578,
201, 232
efficacy, 64, 79, 105, 114, 1478, 160
effort, goal achievement, 456, 105, 169
ego, 27, 5860, 624, 6970, 725
Electra complex, 27, 60
emotions, 3032, 45, 489, 53, 557, 85, 89, 93,
134, 138, 141, 143, 151, 156, 1589, 161,
1689, 1714, 17880, 201, 203, 234, 238
empathy, 2930, 54, 67, 91, 108, 113, 11718,
120, 123, 205
endurance, 20, 56, 225
engagement, 82, 131, 205
environment, 14, 124, 2932, 41, 62, 64, 68, 75,
779, 824, 88, 92, 945, 103, 109, 11314,
11718, 120121, 123, 126, 130132, 134,
138, 143, 14850, 164, 1767, 182,
199201, 205, 20910, 21517, 231, 233
environmental stressors, 47
equality, 378, 106, 198, 202, 209
ethical issues in counseling, 46, 59, 101, 191
ethics, 4, 5, 22, 122
ethnicity, 12, 122, 154, 199, 208, 210
evaluation, 6, 53, 56, 81, 85, 120, 122, 127, 145,
149, 187
existentialism, 31, 110, 114, 122, 130, 149,
existential psychology, 968
existential therapy, 3031, 969, 1013, 10514,
149, 210
failure, 21, 31, 33, 36, 66, 812, 87, 1412, 172,
175, 179, 182, 209
fairness, 22, 39, 50, 200, 233, 237
faith, 117, 238
family, 1819, 23, 25, 289, 39, 61, 66, 7780,
8390, 945, 97, 1045, 10710, 120,
1245, 127, 1379, 141, 156, 177, 190191,
194, 2078, 210, 21415, 21835
therapy, 39, 21835
feedback, 72, 82, 148, 170, 219
feelings, 2831, 589, 62, 647, 834, 89, 92, 94,
112, 11617, 1258, 1324, 136, 138,
140143, 146, 153, 160161, 165, 168, 173,
1845, 187, 221, 232, 237
feminist psychotherapy, 379, 198217
flexibility, in thinking, 55, 67, 139
flow, 41, 467, 67, 82, 133
forgiveness, 20, 223, 467, 50, 65, 67, 191, 237
Frankl, Viktor, 3031, 967, 110
freedom, 3031, 36, 96107, 114, 117, 130, 144,
149, 166, 182, 196
Freud, Sigmund, 11, 27, 37, 5765, 6770, 74,
768, 93, 978
friendship, 141
gender, 38, 60, 66, 68, 88, 114, 128, 154,
199203, 206, 210, 217, 226
genital stage, 27, 60
genograms, 80, 84, 89, 218, 224, 22830
gestalt therapy, 312, 12944, 223
Glasser, William, 36, 1813, 185, 187, 190, 196
goals, 21, 234, 279, 32, 345, 379, 47,
5052, 65, 76, 7883, 868, 94, 99, 1023,
106, 108, 114, 121, 137, 140, 149, 153,
160161, 167, 177, 199, 203, 219, 221,
224, 228, 236
gratitude, 23, 50, 108, 140141, 179, 229, 231,
234, 238
groups, 1214, 54, 678, 80, 87, 100, 176, 198,
200, 205, 214, 2267
guilt, 59, 64, 99, 134, 136, 138, 142
 Index
happiness, 10, 467, 49, 51, 53, 56, 634, 667,
71, 834, 86, 88, 90, 92, 120, 126, 135, 143,
159, 165, 173, 191, 225, 233
healing, as psychology focus, 911, 38, 11415,
155, 2012, 222, 227
health, mental, 48, 11, 12, 15, 18, 24, 3941,
4655, 64, 70, 81, 85, 87, 94, 1012, 106,
11920, 122, 1267, 132, 1389, 145, 151,
1546, 158, 177, 179, 187, 18990, 2038,
210, 212, 21516, 2234, 232
helping, 7, 15, 29, 33, 36, 38, 48, 52, 54, 71, 83,
8991, 104, 10910, 116, 161, 1658,
1767, 180, 186, 188, 1912
homework assignments, 29, 151, 160, 222
hope, 8, 14, 19, 23, 29, 458, 50, 53, 556, 70, 72,
74, 77, 85, 87, 94, 136, 1423, 158, 161, 171,
173, 1778, 192, 205, 208, 21113, 223, 228
hostility, 23, 29, 36, 61
humanism, 61, 96, 110
humility, 223, 50, 2378
humor, 23, 37, 50, 61, 109, 238
hypotheses, 119, 149
impasse, 134
inauthenticity, 98
independence, 13, 24, 122, 182, 196, 203
individualism, 86, 89, 1034, 120, 127, 157,
176, 223
informed consent, 222
insight, 11, 2830, 32, 57, 104, 107, 109, 131,
140, 142, 151, 161, 192, 195
intelligence, 212, 50, 101, 123, 131, 237
interventions, 30, 32, 42, 85, 118, 124, 154, 164,
177, 189, 191, 195, 2056, 215, 223
justice, 5, 22, 25, 378, 50, 54, 85, 182, 198, 203,
20911, 21517, 237
latency stage, 27, 60
Lazarus, Arnold, 146, 164
life, 45, 1819, 213, 2937, 42, 48, 5055,
5960, 634, 668, 724, 7680, 8295,
978, 100110, 11415, 1234, 129, 150, prejudice, 41, 54
153, 1558, 161, 166, 1689, 173, 1778 ,
1813, 1856, 190191, 194, 198, 205,
20810, 214, 220, 222, 2289, 2324,
2378
logotherapy, 97, 110
253
loss, 8, 18, 31, 177, 192
love, 4, 1921, 312, 36, 456, 50, 55, 6061, 67,
79, 81, 98, 117, 121, 157, 1823, 196, 208,
227, 2367
maladaptive behavior, 24, 64, 78, 147, 14950, 160
May, Rollo, 3032, 979, 101
meaning in life, 97
mental disorders, 13, 18
mental illness, 6, 9, 19, 40, 467, 5052, 83, 126,
182, 186, 190, 200201, 205, 212, 215
minority droups, 13, 54
mood, 18, 132, 170
morality, 63, 200
motivation, 29, 45, 50, 82, 87, 90, 184, 231
multicultural counseling, 45, 1112, 14, 68,
110, 124, 193, 211
multiculturalism, 12, 53, 556, 68, 85, 193
negative affect, 51, 645, 91, 185, 205
Oedipus complex, 27, 60
openness, 23, 118, 127, 139, 186, 236
operant conditioning, 345, 1457, 151
opportunities, 15, 51, 75, 84, 87, 91, 94, 108, 110,
133, 138, 143
optimism, 467, 50, 53, 56, 64, 89, 109, 136, 143,
160, 171, 173, 178, 192, 208, 238
oral stage, 27, 60
Perls, Frederick, 32, 12930, 132, 143, 151
person-centered therapy, 11221, 1238, 223
pessimism, 77
phallic stage, 27, 60
phenomenology, 31, 96, 98, 110, 130
pleasure, 27, 32, 47, 51, 5960, 63, 70, 73, 237
positive emotions, 4, 22, 45, 489, 53, 55, 95,
143, 155, 159, 161, 172, 180, 234,
positive psychology, 35, 7, 910, 1218, 21, 24,
26, 413, 4558, 60, 6276, 78, 8096, 98,
100112, 11829, 13446, 15263, 17182,
18796, 198, 20418, 22339
prevention, 39, 51, 151, 160
problem-solving, 47, 49, 545, 101, 122, 170,
221, 225, 231
projection, 61, 645
promotion, 40, 161, 205
254 Index
psychoanalytic therapy, 579, 612, 72
psychopathology, 30, 38, 4041, 45, 55, 203
psychotherapy, 68, 1012, 1415, 45, 55, 83,
968, 101, 11213, 119, 12930, 145, 159,
165, 182, 184, 210
quality of life, 55, 84, 152, 155
race, 12, 37, 54, 79, 90, 104, 122, 154, 193,
199200, 202, 208, 210, 216, 226, 230,
rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT), 33, 165
rationality, 22, 165
rationalization, 61, 645
reaction formation, 61, 645
reality, 5, 11, 27, 31, 59, 636, 72, 74, 96, 98, 131,
152, 160, 170, 182, 184, 186, 190, 210, 221
reality therapy, 367, 18197
regression, 61, 64, 66
reinforcement, 35, 40, 1467, 169
relaxation, 36, 136, 141, 150152, 159, 161, 165
religion, 11, 37, 97, 124, 174, 202
repression, 61, 645, 71, 73, 101
resilience, 14, 19, 47, 55, 845, 92, 123, 1356,
143, 160, 171, 1789, 205, 2078, 21112,
21516
resistance, 28, 61, 75, 201, 205
Rogers, Carl, 2930, 55, 11217, 119, 121, 128, 167,
role-playing, 32, 132
satisfaction, 46, 5051, 534, 59, 64, 205,
self, 8, 18, 3031, 34, 367, 51, 63, 65, 69, 100,
115, 117, 130131, 1423, 148
self-actualization, 2930, 11415, 120, 127, 130,
135, 165
self-blame, 39, 204
self-care, 66
self-efficacy, 64, 148, 160, 240
self-esteem, 18, 23, 39, 646, 82, 100, 102, 104,
140, 155, 164, 183, 176, 2089
social justice, 5, 38, 54, 20911, 21517
social support, 205
spirituality, 11, 23, 467, 50, 106, 127, 174, 238
strategic family therapy, 219
strengths, human, 42, 467, 56, 103
stress, 18, 21, 23, 42, 556, 66, 689, 712, 81,
9091, 934, 104, 125, 147, 149, 157, 160,
167, 175, 177, 179, 188, 197, 201, 21416,
220, 224, 22732
subjective well-being (SWB), 47, 5052
structural family therapy, 221
therapeutic relationship, 8, 1718, 25, 29, 378,
70, 74, 78, 80, 114, 11618, 120, 123, 128,
137, 171, 178, 185, 188, 196, 200, 202,
2089, 213,
thinking, 7, 18, 234, 334, 40, 48, 59, 63,
6971, 74, 77, 93, 97, 10910, 127, 141,
143, 1545, 16470, 1726, 17980, 183,
195, 200, 214, 216, 2223
values, 45, 11, 16, 49, 545, 6061, 64, 6671,
756, 86, 89, 90, 94, 97, 100102, 104, 106,
110, 113, 121, 137, 144, 162, 1745, 1779,
190193, 1956, 203, 211, 2256, 22831
virtues, human, 205
well-being, 4, 79, 1112, 1415, 18, 24, 3942,
457, 4956, 647, 7071, 735, 824, 86,
8894, 1012, 107, 110, 11826, 1357,
140144, 146, 1525, 159, 161, 1714, 176,
17880, 18891, 195, 198, 2026, 2089,
21113, 21517, 223, 225, 22831, 234