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Drivers Manual
Part Number STI 478
Publication Number STI-478-6
Foreword
STI-478-6 (8/16)
Part Number STI 478
Printed in U.S.A.
Foreword
compliance with federal and local jurisdictional regu- hotline 1-800-333-0510, or contact Transport
lations. Components including, but not limited to, Canada by mail at: Transport Canada, ASFAD,
tires, cab/sleeper side extenders, chassis fairings, Place de Ville Tower C, 330 Sparks Street, Ot-
bumper, hood, vehicle speed limiters, and idle reduc- tawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0N5.
tion timers are specifically designed and manufac-
tured to exacting standards for regulatory fuel effi- For additional road safety information, please visit
ciency and greenhouse gas emissions compliance. It the Road Safety website at: www.tc.gc.ca/
is important that these components are always re- roadsafety.
placed with components that meet or exceed the per-
formance of the originally installed components.
Component Information Label axle weight rating. Tires and rims installed on the
vehicle at the time of manufacture may have a higher
NOTE: Labels shown in this chapter are ex- load capacity than that certified by the tire and rim
amples only. Actual specifications may vary from label. If the tires and rims currently on the vehicle
vehicle to vehicle. have a lower load capacity than that shown on the
tire and rim label, then the tires and rims determine
The component information label lists the vehicle the load limitations on each of the axles.
model, identification number, and major component
models. It also lists the major assemblies and instal- Trucks built without a cargo body that are intended
lations shown on the chassis specification sheet. for service in the U.S. have an incomplete vehicle
One copy of the component information label is at- certification label attached by the final-stage manu-
tached to the inside of the glove box; another copy is facturer. See Fig. 1.5. This label will be attached to
inside the rear cover of the Owners Warranty Infor- the incomplete vehicle document included with the
mation for North America booklet. An illustration of vehicle, and certifies that the vehicle conforms to all
the label is shown in Fig. 1.1. applicable FMVSS regulations in effect on the date of
completion.
1.1
Vehicle Identification
02/20/2012 f080178
02/20/2012 f080177
02/28/2012 f080180
10/10/2006 f080024
02/28/2012 f080182
1. EPA Noise Emission Control Label
2. FMVSS Certification Label
Fig. 1.4, Label Locations
1.2
Vehicle Identification
For a driver performed Parked Regeneration, vehicle must be equipped with a dash mounted Regeneration Switch.
02/20/2009 f080156
Table 1.1, Applicable Emissions System Based on Build Date and EPA Regulations
1.3
Vehicle Identification
IMPORTANT
DPF Regen Needed Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
regeneration is needed.
If flashing, regenerate as soon as
possible. Engine derate possible.
Hot Exhaust Hot exhaust can cause fire.
Keep flammables and people away
from exhaust.
11/30/2010 f080162
VEHICLE NOISE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION A Vehicle Emission Control Information Label is lo-
DATE OF MANUFACTURE 01/96
FREIGHTLINER CORPORATION
THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U.S. EPA REGULATIONS FOR NOISE EMISSION
APPLICABLE TO MEDIUM AND HEAVY TRUCKS.
cated on the driver-side door. See Fig. 1.10. It is the
THE FOLLOWING ACTS OR THE CAUSING THEREOF BY ANY PERSON ARE PROHIBITED BY
THE NOISE CONTROL ACT OF 1972: owners responsibility to maintain the vehicle so that
A. THE REMOVAL OR RENDERING INOPERATIVE, OTHER THAN FOR PURPOSES OF
MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, OR REPLACEMENT, OF ANY NOISE CONTROL DEVICE OR
ELEMENT OF DESIGN (LISTED IN THE OWNERS MANUAL) INCORPORATED INTO THIS
it conforms to EPA and NHTSA regulations.
VEHICLE IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE NOISE CONTROL ACT.
B. THE USE THIS VEHICLE AFTER SUCH DEVICE OR ELEMENT OF DESIGN HAS
BEEN REMOVED OR RENDERED INOPERATIVE. 2400273020
VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION
10/06/98 f080026 MANUFACTURED BY:
VIN: REGULATORY CLASS:
DATE OF MANUFACTURE:
VEH FAMILY CD:
GVWRKG
GVWRLBS EMISSION CONTROL IDENTIFIERS:
Fig. 1.9, Vehicle Noise Emission Control Label THIS VEHICLE COMPLIES WITH U. S. EPA REGULATIONS FOR XXXX HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES.
SEE OWNERS MANUAL FOR PROPER MAINTENANCE OF THIS VEHICLE. U PART NO. 2401177060 REV A
1.4
Vehicle Identification
CERTIFIED
CLEAN IDLE
02/20/2012 f080179
1.5
2
Vehicle Access
Cab Door Locks and Handles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1
Grab Handles and Access Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1
Cab-to-Sleeper Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3
Sleeper Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3
Sleeper Luggage Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3
Back-of-Cab Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4
Hood Opening and Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5
Vehicle Access
06/22/2006 3 f720639
1. Lock Button
2 2. Integral Door Upper Grab Handle
3. Door Lever
1
Fig. 2.2, Door Interior
2.1
Vehicle Access
2. Using both hands, grasp the grab handle that is IMPORTANT: Do not attempt to exit the cab
on the B-pillar, or use your left hand on the inte- while carrying any items in your hands.
gral door lower grab handle. See Fig. 2.3. Reach
up as far as is comfortable. 1. Grasp the steering wheel with both hands, place
your left foot on the top step, then stand on the
threshold facing into the cab.
2. Using your right hand, grasp the grab handle,
located on the B-pillar.
3. Move your right foot to the bottom step.
4. Move your left hand to the integral door lower
grab handle.
5. Step to the ground with your left foot first.
1
Entering the Passenger Side
When entering the cab from the passenger side, use
the grab handles and access steps as follows:
2
1. Open the passenger-side door, and place any-
5 thing that you are carrying in the cab.
2. Using your left hand, grasp the grab handle
thats on the rear of the door opening. See
Fig. 2.4.
3. Using your right hand, grasp the integral door
lower grab handle.
4. Place your right foot on the bottom step, and
4 step up to the upper step with your left foot.
5. Place your right foot on the top step, and step
up.
6. Move your right hand to the upper grab handle
3 on the windshield post.
11/30/2006 f602271
1. Steering Wheel 4. Top Step 7. Step into the cab with your left foot first.
2. B-Pillar Grab Handle 5. Integral Door Lower
3. Bottom Step Grab Handle Exiting the Passenger Side
Fig. 2.3, Driver-Side Steps and Grab Handle Exit the cab from the passenger side as follows:
3. Place your right foot on the bottom step, and pull IMPORTANT: Do not attempt to exit the cab
yourself up. Move your left hand to the integral while carrying any items in your hands.
door upper grab handle.
1. Using both hands, grasp the grab handle thats
4. Place your left foot on the top step. on the windshield post, and place your right foot
5. Grasp the steering wheel with your left hand, and on the top step while standing up from the seat
step up. facing inward.
2.2
Vehicle Access
Sleeper Door
The sleeper door (Fig. 2.5, Ref. 1) is not intended for
entry or exit. The door is intended only as a conve-
nient means to stow or remove personal belongings
in and from the sleeper area. To open the sleeper
door from the inside, push down on the lever handle
located inside the sleeper compartment aft of the
door, or pull out on the upper lever located inside the
cab door opening; see Fig. 2.6. To open the sleeper
door from outside, open the cab door, then pull out
on the upper lever located inside the cab door open-
ing. To close the door, pull on the strap attached to
2
the inside of the door, or push it closed from the out-
side, until it latches.
1 IMPORTANT: The sleeper doors are two-stage
latching. When closing the doors, ensure that
they are completely latched to prevent wind
noise and water intrusion.
1
01/03/2007 4 f720643
1. Lower Grab Handle
2. Upper Grab Handle 2
3. Integral Door Lower Grab Handle
4. Top Step
Fig. 2.4, Passenger-Side Steps and Grab Handles
To open the sleeper access on vehicles with vinyl Sleeper Luggage Door
sleeper curtains, unzip the sleeper curtains. If de-
sired, unsnap the curtains all the way around the To open the sleeper luggage door, pull out on the
sides and top, and remove the curtains. lower lever located inside the cab door opening. See
Fig. 2.6. To close the door, push it closed until it
To open the sleeper access on vehicles with velour latches.
sleeper curtains, unfasten the snaps at one side,
then push the curtain to the opposite side.
2.3
Vehicle Access
1
2
03/22/2007 f720661
1. Sleeper Door Lever
2. Luggage Door Lever 3
Fig. 2.6, Sleeper Door Levers
Back-of-Cab Access
WARNING
1
External surfaces of the exhaust system remain
hot after the engine has been shut down. When
accessing the back of the cab or sleeper, do not
touch any part of the exhaust system, or severe 1
burns could occur.
When trailer air and electrical connections cannot be 09/24/2007 f602335
reached conveniently from the ground, Federal Motor
Carrier Safety Regulations require commercial carri- 1. Steps 3. Deck Plate
2. Grab Handle
ers to provide back-of-cab access.
Optional grab handles are mounted either on both Fig. 2.7, Back-of-Cab Access
cab sidewalls, or on the left sidewall only. See means both feet and one hand, or both hands
Fig. 2.7. Steps are mounted either on the fuel tank(s) and one foot, on the grab handles, steps, and
or on metal brackets. When a deck plate is neces- deck plates. Other areas are not meant to sup-
sary, it is mounted across the top of the frame rails. port back-of-cab access, and grabbing or step-
IMPORTANT: Climb onto, and down from, back- ping in the wrong place could lead to a fall, and
of-cab access facing in toward the vehicle, as personal injury.
you would on a ladder. Do not climb up or down Be careful not to get hands or feet tangled in
facing out away from the vehicle. hoses or other back-of-cab equipment. Careless-
ness could cause a person to trip and fall, with
WARNING possible injury.
2.4
Vehicle Access
CAUTION
Do not let the hood free-fall to the full-open posi-
tion. To do so could cause damage to the hood
or hood straps.
3. Using the bumper step and grab handle, slowly
tilt the hood until the straps support it. See
Fig. 2.8.
2.5
3
Electrical System
Electrical Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1
Emergency Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4
Progressive Low Voltage Disconnect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5
Inverter/Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7
Electrical System
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
02/27/2012 f001175a
1. SAM Cab 6. MEGA Fuse Junction Block
2. Powertrain PDM (PT-PDM) 7. Cab Load Disconnect Switch (optional location)
3. Powernet Distribution Box (PNDB) 8. Cab Load Disconnect Switch (optional location)
4. SAM Chassis 9. Trailer PDM
5. Main Ground Junction Block
Fig. 3.1, Component Locations
3.1
Electrical System
06/15/2007 f545073 3
1. MEGA Fuse Junction Block
2. Main Ground Junction Block
2
Fig. 3.2, EPA07 MEGA Fuse Junction Block 02/27/2012 1 f545682a
1. Powertrain PDM (PT-PDM)
Powernet Distribution Box, EPA10 2. Inline Fuse, Auxiliary PDM
and Newer 3. SAM Chassis
4. Powernet Distribution Box (PNDB)
The PNDB distributes battery power to the SAM cab,
SAM chassis, powertrain PDM, and other keep-alive Fig. 3.3, Engine Compartment Power Distribution
circuits. Components
3.2
Electrical System
02/07/2007 f544945
SAM Chassis
NOTICE
The SAM Chassis is located in the engine compart-
ment on the driver-side frontwall. See Fig. 3.3. The Self-resetting circuit breakers can be perma-
SAM chassis contains fuses and relays in addition to nently damaged if improperly handled. Use the
solid state circuit protection devices that will trip guidelines below to handle them safely.
when a circuit is overloaded.
Disconnect the batteries before removing a
Refer to Chapter 25 for fuse and relay locations. self-resetting circuit breaker.
Use a circuit breaker removal tool to remove a
Circuit Protection Features self-resetting circuit breaker. See Fig. 3.5. Use
The SAM chassis and SAM cab may be equipped of any other tool, including pliers, may damage
with self-resetting circuit breakers instead of fuses. the circuit breaker.
Self-resetting circuit breakers are tripped when they Never attempt to probe a self-resetting circuit
reach 170F (77C), then self-reset once the tem- breaker while installed on the SAM Cab or
perature drops sufficiently. When the circuit overload SAM Chassis. Remove the circuit breaker first,
is removed, this circuit protection will self-reset. or use a non-contact infrared thermometer to
Some of these circuits require the ignition switch to measure temperature.
be cycled off then back on again for the self-reset to
occur. Cab Load Disconnect Switch
Some ECUs are equipped with a self-resetting circuit
breaker removal tool.
WARNING
WARNING Turning the cab load disconnect switch (CLDS) to
the off position does not disconnect the connec-
Always wear heat-protective gloves when han- tion between the battery and the starter. To work
dling a self-resetting circuit breakers, which can on the vehicle safely, the negative leads must be
reach extremely high temperatures. Failure to use disconnected from the battery.
appropriate heat protection can lead to serious
injury. IMPORTANT: The ignition should be turned off
before turning the CLDS to on or off.
3.3
Electrical System
1
06/19/2007 f545071
02/20/2012 f545876
Fig. 3.5, Self-Resetting Circuit Breaker Removal Fig. 3.7, Cab Load Disconnect Switch, EPA10 and
Newer
The CLDS is used to avoid excessive draw on the
battery when the vehicle is parked for an extended Emergency Power Supply
period of time by disconnecting (or opening) the con-
nection between the battery and the most of the ve- The Cascadia electrical system has an emergency
hicle electrical system. power circuit that supplies battery power for exterior
lighting. This assists vehicle visibility in the event a
The CLDS may be mounted:
MEGA fuse is open circuit. The emergency power
inside the cab on the outboard side of the circuit is live even when the CLDS is turned off.
drivers seat;
The emergency power supply feature allows for the
at the battery box; vehicle to be driven off the highway and for the exte-
rior lighting to remain on in the event of a SAM Cab
outboard on the left frame rail.
or SAM Chassis failure. The emergency power sup-
See Fig. 3.6 for an EPA07 CLDS; see Fig. 3.7 for an ply will cause certain exterior lamps to flash (depend-
EPA10 and newer switch. ing on if it is the SAM Cab or SAM Chassis that
If the CLDS is turned to the off position while the ve- failed), indicating that the vehicle is disabled.
hicle is running, the emergency power system will
activate. The powertrain PDM will receive power from SAM Cab Fault
the emergency power feed, but the batteries will not If the emergency power supply system activates, do
be charging. See the Emergency Power Supply not shut down the engine until the vehicle is in a safe
heading below for details. position to do so. It will not be able to be restarted
until the problem is corrected. If emergency power
3.4
Electrical System
mode is due to a SAM Cab fault, the gauges will be- low beam headlights
come unresponsive but the engine will remain run-
ning until it is turned off. Progressive Low Voltage
When the ignition is in the ON position, the emer- Disconnect
gency power supply will cause the following lamps to
flash: The progressive low voltage disconnect (PLVD) fea-
dash panel lights ture protects the batteries from excessive discharge
by disconnecting certain circuits from battery power
clearance lights supply. This allows the batteries to maintain accept-
front marker lights able charge to restart the vehicle.
If the ignition switch is turned ON while the load dis- See Table 3.1 for the type of loads shut down under
connect switch is in the OFF position, the emergency specific conditions.
power supply feature will activate the following See Table 3.2 for the loads that are designated com-
lamps: fort, house, and basic load status.
clearance lights (flashing)
side marker lamps (flashing)
3.5
Electrical System
Designated Loads
Type of Load Function
12V power receptacle 6 (sleeper, refrigerator)
Amplifier power, accessory
General sleeper light
Foot well light
Reading light 1 (dimmer/theater)
Priority Level I Reading light 2 (dimmer/theater)
Rear baggage compartment light
12V power receptacle 5 (sleeper, cigar), battery
Auxiliary circulation fan-sleeper, battery
12V power receptacle 4 (sleeper, cigar), battery
Reading light 4 (switched locally), battery
3.6
Electrical System
Designated Loads
Type of Load Function
CB radio, battery
Fleet management system, battery
Priority Level III Trailer power, battery or ignition
12V power receptacle 2 (dash, phone), battery
12V power receptacle 1 (dash, cigar), battery
* When the vehicle has Optimized Idle, these functions will not operate with the ignition switch in the accessory
position. Optimized Idle may also turn these functions off to reduce stress on the batteries. Refer to the Opti-
mized Idle section in Chapter 11 for more information.
May or may not shut down depending on how an additional parameter is set at the factory or dealership.
Inverter/Charger
The optional Freedom HF Inverter/Charger powers
small appliances and other electric equipment. It is
located in the driver-side luggage compartment. See
Fig. 3.8. The unit has one three-pin GFIC OUT con-
nector, one three-pin GFIC IN connector, and two AC
power outlets.
There are three models available for the Cascadia:
1000W: 1000 watt, 20-amp
1500W: 1500 watt, 40-amp
1800W: 1800 watt, 40-amp
DANGER
Do not store gasoline, flammable material, or any
component with a connection to the fuel system
in the storage compartment with the inverter/
charger. The unit contains equipment that may
produce sparks. Storing flammable or electrical
equipment in proximity to the unit could result in
fire or explosion hazards, which could result in
serious injury or death.
02/05/2014 f546066
The display on the sleeper control panel provides
information about the operation of the unit. See Fig. 3.8, Inverter/Charger
Fig. 3.9. Refer to Table 3.3 for details on the display
panel.
3.7
Electrical System
1 2
3 4 5 6
11/18/2014 f546067
1. Power 5. Input Current LED
2. LED Display 6. Output Power LED
3. Select 7. Status LED
4. Input Voltage LED
Fig. 3.9, Inverter/Charger Display Panel (1000W shown)
3.8
Electrical System
3.9
4
Instruments
Instrumentation Control Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1
Warning and Indicator Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3
Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8
Driver Message Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.13
Overhead Instrument Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.25
Instruments
11
3 5
4 10
2 6
12
1 7
9 8
13
09/10/2009 f610864a
1. Transmission Temperature Gauge 6. Primary Air Pressure Gauge 10. High Beam Indicator
2. Coolant Temperature Gauge 7. Secondary Air Pressure Gauge 11. Driver Display Screen
3. Engine Oil Pressure Gauge 8. Speedometer 12. Mode/Reset Switch
4. Driver Message Center 9. Tachometer 13. Satellite Gauges
5. Fuel/DEF Level Gauge
4.1
Instruments
2 3 2
1 4
10 5
9 8 7
02/11/2015 f611292
NOTE: This instrument cluster has 8 optional telltales. The gear, engine brake, and cruise control are indicated in the
driver display, rather than with telltales.
1. Engine Oil Pressure Gauge 5. Primary Air Pressure Gauge 8. Tachometer
2. Optional Telltales 6. Secondary Air Pressure Gauge 9. Transmission Temperature Gauge
3. Driver Message Center 7. Speedometer (U.S. version) 10. Coolant Temperature Gauge
4. Fuel/DEF Level Gauge
Fig. 4.2, ICU3S (GHG14 and newer shown)
audible alert sounds for approximately four authorized Freightliner service facility as soon
seconds or until sufficient air pressure builds as possible.
up in the primary and secondary air systems
NOTE: If active faults are present, take the ve-
DEF level indicator illuminates all segments hicle to an authorized Freightliner service facility
green, then turns them off one at a time before as soon as possible.
turning the leftmost segment amber and then
red If the ICU receives active fault codes, it displays
them one after the other until the parking brake is
Freightliner logo displays on the ICU4Me driver released or the ignition is turned off. Once the park-
message center for two seconds. ing brake is completely released, the ICU displays
software revision level of the ICU is displayed the odometer. If there are no active faults, the ICU
on the driver message center, followed by any displays the odometer after the self-check completes.
active faults When the self-check is complete on an ICU4M, the
IMPORTANT: If any red or amber warning and fasten seat belt screen displays if the engine is off. If
indicator lamps do not illuminate during the ICU the engine is running, the idle hours screen displays.
self-check or do not go out after the self-check
completes, take the action outlined in "Warning
Audible Alerts
and Indicator Lights", or take the vehicle to an An audible alert sounds during the ignition sequence
and whenever one of the following conditions exists:
4.2
Instruments
7
1 2 10
3 4 11 12
8 9
5 6 13 14
09/10/2009 f610865b
NOTE: The ICU4 and ICU4M are nearly identical, with the exception of the driver message center (Item 7).
1. Battery Voltage Gauge 6. Turbo Boost Air Pressure Gauge 11. Fuel/DEF Level Gauge
2. Lightbar 7. Driver Message Center 12. Secondary Air Pressure Gauge
3. Engine Oil Pressure Gauge 8. Tachometer 13. Pyrometer
4. Coolant Temperature Gauge 9. Speedometer 14. Rear Axle Temperature Gauge
5. Engine Oil Temperature Gauge 10. Primary Air Pressure Gauge
Engine oil pressure falls below the minimum applications. See Table 4.1 for a listing of standard
preset value. and commonly used warning and indicator lamps.
Coolant temperature rises above the maximum Warning and indicator lamps illuminate in red (dan-
preset value. ger), amber (caution), green (status advisory), or
blue (high-beam headlights active).
Air pressure falls below approximately 70 psi
(483 kPa). IMPORTANT: Depending upon local jurisdic-
Parking brake is set with the vehicle moving tional emissions guidelines, vehicles and/or en-
faster than two miles per hour. gines that are domiciled outside of the U.S. and
Canada may not be compliant with EPA07,
System voltage falls below 11.9 volts. EPA10, GHG14, or GHG17 regulations. Non-
Door is open or the headlights are on, with the compliant vehicles may not be equipped with all
parking brake off. of the lamps shown in Table 4.1.
Driver seat belt is not fastened with the parking
brake off (optional).
Outside temperature falls below 35F (1.7C)
(optional).
4.3
Instruments
10
1 7
2 8
4 5 6
3 9
06/27/2012 f611164
1. Engine Oil Temperature Gauge 5. Fuel/DEF Level Gauge 8. Secondary Air Pressure Gauge
2. Front Axle Temperature Gauge 6. Tachometer and Engine Oil 9. Transmission Oil Temperature
3. Rear Axle Temperature Gauge Pressure Gauge Gauge
4. Speedometer and Coolant 7. Primary Air Pressure Gauge 10. Driver Message Center
Temperature Gauge
Fig. 4.4, ICU4Me Instrument Cluster
IGNITION SWITCH
TURNED TO ON
ICU PERFORMS
SELFTEST
APU 190
123456.7
MI
12.3 VOLTS
123456.7
MI
12.3 VOLTS
01/18/2012 f040420c
4.4
Instruments
Low Air Pressure (EPA10 Indicates air pressure in the primary or secondary reservoir
Red
and Newer) has dropped below approximately 70 psi (483 kPa).
Low Battery Voltage Indicates that battery voltage is 11.9 volts or less. Red
4.5
Instruments
Trailer ABS Solid illumination indicates a problem with the trailer ABS. Amber
Repair the ABS immediately to ensure full braking
capability.
Fuel Filter Restriction Indicates the fuel filter is clogged and requires service. Amber
IDLE
MGMT Optimized Idle Indicates optimized idle is enabled. Amber
4.6
Instruments
Hill Start Aid (HSA) Indicates the HSA switch has been pressed to override the
Amber
Override hill start assist feature.
4.7
Instruments
* See Fig. 4.6 for an explanation of the aftertreatment system (ATS) warning indicators, and actions required to avoid further engine protection steps.
Engine Protection System the vehicle to a stop on the side of the road before
the engine shuts down.
WARNING Some vehicles may have a shutdown-override
switch, which may be used to momentarily override
When the red STOP engine lamp illuminates, the shutdown sequence. See Chapter 11 for detailed
most engines are programmed to shut down au- information regarding the shutdown process.
tomatically within 30 seconds. The driver must IMPORTANT: Do not attempt to restart the en-
immediately move the vehicle to a safe location
gine while the vehicle is moving. Bring the ve-
at the side of the road to prevent causing a haz-
ardous situation that could cause bodily injury, hicle to a safe stop, then restart the engine.
property damage, or severe damage to the en- To restart the engine, turn the ignition to OFF, leave
gine. it there a few seconds, then turn the ignition to
See Fig. 4.6 for an explanation of the aftertreatment START. The engine will run for a short period and
system (ATS) warning indicators, and actions re- shut down again if the condition does not improve.
quired to avoid further engine protection steps.
The STOP engine lamp illuminates when the engine
Instruments
protection system is activated in one of two ways. On Standard instruments are present on every vehicle.
some engines, the engine protection system will der- They are listed here in alphabetical order to make
ate the engine, allowing it to run at lower rpm and the information easier to find.
slower vehicle speed. Drive the vehicle to a safe lo-
cation or to a service facility. Optional instruments, typically located on the auxil-
iary dash panel or right-hand control panel, are not
IMPORTANT: Safely bring the vehicle to a stop found on every vehicle. They are listed here in alpha-
on the side of the road and shut down the en- betical order, to make the information easier to find.
gine as soon as the red light is seen. If the en-
gine shuts down while the vehicle is in a haz- Air Intake Restriction Gauge
ardous location, turn the key to the OFF position
The air intake restriction gauge indicates the vacuum
for a few seconds, then restart the engine and on the engine side of the air cleaner. On standard
move the vehicle to a safer location. installations, it is mounted on the air intake duct in
On other engines, the engine protection system will the engine compartment. As an option for easier
shut down the engine. It will first derate the engine, viewing, the air intake restriction indicator (see
then shut it down completely 30 to 60 seconds after Fig. 4.7) can be mounted on the dash, usually on the
the indicator illuminates (depending on the critical right-hand control panel.
fault type) if the condition does not improve. Bring
4.8
Instruments
For a driver performed Parked Regeneration, vehicle must be equipped with a dash mounted Regeneration Switch.
02/20/2009 f080156
Fig. 4.7, Air Intake Restriction Indicator Application Air Pressure Gauge
NOTE: Rain or snow can wet the filter and An application air pressure gauge registers the air
cause a temporary high reading. pressure being used to apply the brakes, and should
Air intake restriction vacuum is measured in inches be used for reference only. The gauge will not regis-
of water (inH2O). For vehicles equipped with a ter air pressure until the foot brake pedal is de-
graduated indicator or a restriction gauge on the pressed or the trailer hand brake is applied.
dash, check the gauge with the engine off. If the yel-
low signal stays locked in the red zone once the en-
gine is shut down, or is at or above the values
shown in Table 4.2, the air cleaner element needs to
be replaced.
4.9
Instruments
4.10
Instruments
DEF
Engine Oil Temperature Gauge
E F
3
NOTICE
2
08/21/2009 f611045
A sudden increase in oil temperature that is not
caused by a load increase may indicate mechani- 1. Diesel Fuel Level Indicator
cal failure. Bring the vehicle to a safe stop and 2. DEF Level Indicator
investigate the cause to prevent further damage. 3. Low DEF Warning Lamp (amber below 10% DEF)
4. Low Fuel Warning Lamp (amber at 1/8 tank of fuel)
Do not operate the engine until the cause has
been determined and corrected. Fig. 4.9, Fuel/DEF Gauge, EPA10 and Newer
During normal operation, the optional engine oil tem-
The DEF level is indicated in the lightbar on the
perature gauge should read:
lower portion of the gauge. There is a low DEF level
200 to 260F (93 to 126C) for Detroit and warning lamp that illuminates amber when the DEF
Cummins engines level reaches 10% of capacity. See Chapter 12 for
details of the DEF gauge functions.
177 to 203F (81 to 95C) for Mercedes-Benz
engines
Primary and Secondary Air Pressure
Under heavy loads, such as when climbing steep Gauges
grades, temperatures that exceed the normal oil tem-
perature range for a short period are not unusual. If
the temperature returns to normal when the load de- WARNING
creases, there is no problem.
If air pressure falls below minimum pressure, the
Fuel Gauge, Pre-EPA10 braking ability of the vehicle will be limited. Slow
the vehicle down and bring it to a gradual stop.
The fuel gauge indicates the level of fuel in the fuel Do not attempt to move the vehicle until air pres-
tank(s). A single fuel gauge is standard. If equipped sure has risen above the minimum level. Moving
with an optional second fuel tank, each fuel tank a vehicle without adequate braking power could
level is indicated on a separate gauge. cause an accident resulting in property damage,
personal injury, or death.
Fuel/Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Air pressure gauges register the pressure in the pri-
Gauge, EPA10 and Newer mary and secondary air systems. Normal pressure,
with the engine running, is 100 to 120 psi (689 to
For engines that are EPA10-compliant or newer, the
827 kPa) in both systems.
fuel and DEF levels are measured in a dual purpose
fuel/DEF level gauge. See Fig. 4.9. A low-air-pressure warning light and audible alert,
connected to both the primary and secondary sys-
The diesel fuel level is indicated at the top of the
tems, activate when air pressure in either system
gauge, with a low-fuel warning lamp that illuminates
drops below approximately 70 psi (483 kPa).
amber when the diesel fuel level registers 1/8th of
capacity. When the engine is started, the warning light and
audible warning remain on until air pressure in both
systems exceeds minimum pressure.
4.11
Instruments
Speedometer
Two speedometer options are available. The U.S.
version of the speedometer registers speed in both 1
miles per hour (mph) and kilometers per hour (km/h),
with mph in larger numbers. The metric version of
the speedometer face reverses this arrangement, 2
with km/h in larger numbers.
Tachometer
The tachometer indicates engine speed in revolutions
per minute (rpm) and serves as a guide for shifting
the transmission and keeping the engine in the ap- 5 3
propriate rpm range. For low idle and rated rpm, see 4
05/13/2015 f400383
the engine identification plate.
1. Warning Lamp 4. Exit Button
Tire Pressure Monitoring System 2. Display Screen 5. Axle Button
3. Wheel Button
(TPMS)
Fig. 4.10, SmarTire Display
IMPORTANT: The use of temporary resealing or
reinflation products containing internal sealers or
propellants in any tire/wheel assembly, may ad- NOTICE
versely affect the operation of the tire sensor(s) A sudden increase in transmission fluid tempera-
and void the warranty. ture that is not caused by a load increase may
The TPMS constantly monitors the pressure and indicate mechanical failure. Bring the vehicle to a
temperature of each tire on the vehicle, and provides safe stop and investigate the cause to prevent
tire status information to warn the driver about a tire- further damage. Do not operate the vehicle until
related problem before it becomes dangerous. Tire the cause has been determined and corrected.
sensors mounted on each wheel measure tire pres- Under heavy loads, such as when climbing steep
sure and temperature every 12 seconds and transmit grades, temperatures that exceed the normal oil tem-
data every 3 to 5 minutes. If a tire pressure change perature range for a short period are not unusual. If
of 3 psi (21 kPa) or greater is detected, the sensor the temperature returns to normal when the load de-
breaks its regular schedule and transmits tire data creases, there is no problem.
immediately. The SmarTire display is shown in
Fig. 4.10. Turbocharger Boost Pressure Gauge
For further information on the TPMS, including op-
A turbocharger boost pressure gauge indicates the
eration, TPMS warnings, and proper tire removal/
pressure in the intake manifold, in excess of atmos-
installation, see the SmarTire TPMS Owners
pheric pressure, being created by the turbocharger.
Manual.
4.12
Instruments
INT
v. Temperature alert
ENG
BRK
vi. Diagnostics
vii. Clear screen (on vehicles with less than 255
miles on the odometer)
viii. Engine miles/hours
ix. Setup
Temperature Alert
When the outside temperature drops to 35F (1.7C)
or less, the ICU displays a caution text at one-
02/06/2007 f462061 second intervals for five seconds, and an audible
NOTE: To reset values in the ICU4M and ICU4Me driver
alert sounds. Tap the + or switch on the steering
message centers, press and hold the + switch. wheel, or the mode/reset switch, to acknowledge the
message. The audible alert will not sound again un-
Fig. 4.11, Steering Wheel-Mounted Switches less the temperature cycles above 37F (4C) and
back to 35F (1.7C) or less. This warning only oc-
Four driving screens are accessible when the parking curs while the ignition is on and the parking brake is
brake is off. All screens and menus are accessible released.
when the parking brake is on (parked screens).
4.13
Instruments
Display diagnostics
123456.7 dIAG
MI Odometer MI HOURS Press & Hold
12.3 VOLTS n
n = Number of Active Fault Codes
MI = Miles Interval Mode
Tap Tap HOURS = Hours Interval Mode
Tap Tap
t ALrt
Press & Hold
n
To toggle ON OFF
Tap
01/30/2012 f040754
Note: The engine oil level screen displays for Mercedes-Benz engines only (if equipped and enabled).
Fig. 4.12, ICU3 Parked Screens
4.14
Instruments
n 01 nn
AbS 11 ECU 0
Press & Hold
To Setup Screen (or Oil
Level Screen, if equipped)
Tap Tap
123456 123456
Press & Hold
SPN SPN
Tap Tap
FAIL 03 FAIL 00
Press & Hold
Tap Tap
01/31/2012 f040802
default settings. Press and hold the mode/reset Tap the MY INFO switch to drill down from each
switch to reset the following learned parameters: main screen to the submenus contained within it.
Use the + and switches to scroll through screens
automated transmission display
and select options. Tap the MY INFO switch again to
seat belt switch learning exit each change screen.
engine oil level With the parking brake off, only the odometer and
alert messages can be displayed. Park the vehicle
other electronic devices that have been re- and set the parking brake to access the parked
moved from the vehicle (e.g. Qualcomm) screens and menus.
ICU4M Alert Messages
Functions The driver message center displays alert messages
ICU4M settings and the driver message center are when certain conditions occur. They are warnings,
controlled with the + and switches and the MY cautions, or other messages that require the drivers
INFO switch, mounted on the dash. See Fig. 4.15. attention, but not all of them are critical to the opera-
tion of the vehicle.
4.15
Instruments
From Engine
Miles/Hours Screen
SET UP SELECT
Press & Hold *MI Press & Hold To toggle
MI KM
Tap Tap
To toggle
T WARN ON OFF
Press & Hold To toggle
*on ON OFF
LCD LMP
Tap Press & Hold
*on
Tap
*12345 *12345
Press & Hold MI MI Selection? HRS HOURS Press & Hold
SERVICE SERVICE
RESET DONE
Press & Hold
EE
Tap Tap NOTE:
* Flash screen text
To Odometer
**Display active mode
01/30/2012 f040755
NOTE: If there is more than one alert message 1. parking brake set (with the vehicle moving)
to display, tap the + switch or the MY INFO 2. parking brake off (with the door open)
switch to access the next message, and so on,
until all messages have been viewed. 3. low oil pressure or high coolant temperature
More important messages take priority over less im- 4. hard brake warnings (if equipped with roll stabil-
portant messages. The order of priority is: ity advisor)
5. low battery voltage
4.16
Instruments
Service Warnings
WARNING Service warning alerts display during the ignition se-
PARK BRAKE ON quence and indicate if a service interval has been
reached or exceeded and maintenance is required.
The messages may indicate the number of miles
06/21/2007 f601414
(KM) or hours until the next required service or, once
Fig. 4.16, Parking Brake On Alert Message passed, the number of miles (KM) or hours since
maintenance should have been performed.
4.17
Instruments
three digits at the far right on the lower line of the Confirmation screen will display
right after the first hold.
driver message center are reserved for this informa- PUSH + KEY +
tion. TO CONFIRM CLEAR
R
TRIP MILES 123456.7
My Info
TRIP HR 1234:56
When a shift request is made by the driver, an up or
down arrow is also displayed, depending on the shift
direction. +
For more information about specific models of auto- TRIP ADVISORIES R
123 ROLL 456 BRK
mated transmissions, see Chapter 15.
Driving Screens +
The following screens are available when the parking LEG MILES 123456.7
LEG HR 1234:56
R
iii. Odometer
+
iv. Trip distance/hours
OUTSIDE AIR
v. Trip advisory TEMPERATURE 56F
01/30/2012 f545600a
vi. Leg distance/hours
Fig. 4.17, ICU4M Driving Screens
vii. Leg advisory
viii. Fuel used/average MPG (KM/L) Parked Screens/Menus
ix. Outside air temperature Tap the MY INFO switch to drill down from each
main screen to the submenus contained within it.
Favorite Screen Use the + and switches to scroll through screens
and select options. Tap the MY INFO switch again to
The driver can set a favorite driving screen using the
exit each change screen. Press and hold the +
MY INFO switch. Press and hold the lower half of the
switch or the upper half of the MY INFO switch to
MY INFO switch for just over one second to set the
reset the counters for trip and fuel information.
current screen as the favorite screen. A chirp will
sound to verify the screen has been set. The following screens are available when the parking
brake is on (when the vehicle is parked). See
Tap the lower half of the MY INFO switch to access Fig. 4.18.
the favorite screen. Tap the MY INFO switch again to
leave the favorite screen. i. Odometer
NOTE: Only driving screens can be set as the ii. Trip information including trip miles/hours, idle
favorite screen. hours, average speed, leg miles/hours
iii. Fuel information including fuel used, fuel
economy, idle/PTO fuel usage
4.18
Instruments
R R R
Odometer
TRIP MILES 123456.7 TRIP ADVISORIES IDLE HOURS 1234:56
TRIP HR 1234:56 123 ROLL 456 BRK AVG MPH 12.3
IDLE HOURS 1234:56
12.3 GAL 123456.7 MI
+ R R
R = Hold + to reset.
Confirmation screen will display
right after the first hold.
+ R R
PUSH + KEY
TO CONFIRM CLEAR
FUEL FUEL USED 12345.6 IDLE GALLONS 12345.6
INFORMATION AVG MPG 12:34 PTO GAL 12345.6 My Info
+
ENGINE ENG MILES 1234567.8 ENG GALLONS 123456.7 OIL LVL
INFORMATION ENG HOUR 1234:56 PTO GAL 123456.7 *Lo ENGINE
85 PER
*Lo ENGINE
Fig. 4.18, ICU4M Idle Hours, Trip Information, Fuel Information, and Engine Information Screens
4.19
Instruments
PUSH + KEY
DIAGNOSTIC ACTIVE FAULTS SA(text) SA## SPN#### TO CONFIRM CLEAR
INFORMATION 3 SPN(text) FMI##
My Info
+ +
R
+
ALL FAULTS FIRST OCCUR 123456.7
CLEARED 1234 TIMES
2 Sec Timeout
This will also clear other vehicle ECUs inactive
faults when odometer is < 254 MI.
+
If overdue:
SERVICE 12345 MILES TO INTERVAL IS SET SERVICE WAS DUE
INFORMATION NEXT SERVICE TO 12345 MILES 12345 MILES AGO
To Setup Screen
01/30/2012 f545601
4.20
Instruments
Off
+
PUSH KEY TO TARGET MPG *8.5 + Press to increase target MPG
CHANGE TARGET MPG LESS MORE +
Press to decrease target MPG
+
PUSH KEY TO LCD LAMP + Press to toggle On Off
CHANGE LCD LAMP OFF * ON +
+
PUSH KEY TO DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS + Press to increase brightness
CHANGE BRIGHTNESS DARK LIGHT +
Press to decrease brightness
+
PUSH KEY TO LANGUAGE: *ENGLISH + Press to toggle between selections
CHANGE LANGUAGE FRENCH / SPNISH
+
PUSH KEY TO UNITS + Press to toggle between selections
+
PUSH KEY TO DRIVER SELECT + Press to toggle On Off
CHANGE DRIVER SEL OFF * ON +
* = Indicates flashing text
+ = My Info
+
PUSH KEY TO RESET PARAMETERS + Press to toggle Yes No
Vehicle Information RESET PARAMETERS *NO YES + Note: If parking brake is released while in stationary screens,
the display will return to the bar graph screen.
Screen
+
01/30/2012 f544963a
manual transmission, time and temperature are dis- If the vehicle is equipped with an automated trans-
played in the top left corner of the driver message mission, the gear display is located in the top left
center. The message field displays the driving corner of the driver message center. Time and tem-
screens and alert messages. See Fig. 4.23. perature are displayed in the message field, unless
4.21
Instruments
1 2
Setup Information
1/7
+
10 NW
77 F
VEHICLE DASH# 12312345123
A econ
INFORMATION SW VER 1.0
5555555 mi 65 mph
06/26/2012 4 3 f611165
1. Gear Display
Outside Air Temp 2. Temperature and Compass
03/30/2010 f040803 3. Cruise Control Status Field
4. Odometer
Fig. 4.21, ICU4M Vehicle Information Screens
Fig. 4.24, Driver Message Center with Gear Display,
ICU4Me
Alert Messages
Alert messages are displayed in the message field to
notify the driver when certain conditions occur. They
include warnings, cautions, and other messages that
require the drivers attention. Not all alert messages
are critical to the operation of the vehicle. More im-
Menu portant messages take priority over less important
Back messages.
NOTE: All alert messages follow the format
04/03/2012 f611173
shown in Fig. 4.25.
Fig. 4.22, ICU4Me Control Switch
Trip MPG: 5.6 1/7 Press the + switch to acknowledge alert messages
NW
and revert to the previously displayed driving screen.
77 F 0 5 10 15
The following alert messages will repeat intermittently
until the condition is eliminated:
5555555 mi 65 mph turn signal on
4 3 low voltage
06/26/2012 f611166
1. Temperature and Compass no datalink
2. Message Field
low transmission air pressure (Detroit transmis-
3. Cruise Control Status Field
4. Odometer sions only)
4.22
Instruments
Driving Screens
Engine information
+ Enter to Diagnostics
Time &
Stationary
Temperature
Menu Service information
+ Settings
MPG
Information Trip Info ICU Info
+
+ Predictive +
Cruise
Control (opt) +
Trip
Information Fuel Info Settings
+ +
+ +
Gauge
Leg Display
Engine Info Diagnostics Service
Information + Screens + +
(if selected)
06/21/2012 f040823 06/26/2012 f040824
Use the + and switches on the steering wheel to Use the + and switches on the steering wheel to
navigate through the driving screens. navigate through the parked menus.
Fig. 4.26, Driving Screen Navigation, ICU4Me Fig. 4.27, Parked Menus, ICU4Me
With the parking brake off, only the driving screens ICU Information
are available. Use the + and switches on the steer-
A small numerical fraction is displayed in the upper
ing wheel to scroll through the driving screens; see
right-hand corner of each screen to indicate the num-
Fig. 4.26. To reset any values, press and hold the +
ber of available screens or options to scroll through.
switch.
See Fig. 4.28. Press the upper half of the ICU4Me
Temperature control switch to select a menu choice. Press the
lower half of the control switch to back out of a se-
MPG information
lected menu or submenu. Use the + switch to scroll
Trip information up, and the switch to scroll down.
Leg information When navigating the parked menus, the left side of
the driver message center displays a "breadcrumb
Gauge display (if selected) menu" to show the order of menus and submenus
Predictive Cruise Control (optional) that have been selected during the current naviga-
tion.
Enter parked menus
Trip Information
Parked Screens/Menus
The ICU can record data for one trip segment and
Park the vehicle and set the parking brake to access one leg segment. When trip information is reset, all
the parked menus and submenus. See Fig. 4.27. To the leg information is reset as well.
reset values in any of the menus, press and hold the
+ switch. Fuel Information
Trip information Using this menu, the driver can view the total fuel
used since the last reset, the total idle gallons used
Fuel information
4.23
Instruments
4.24
Instruments
Gauge select
Language
Self-test
Temperature warning enable/disable
Units
The Gauge Select submenu allows the driver to se-
lect certain gauge values for display in the message
field while driving. See Fig. 4.30. Use the + and
switches on the steering wheel to scroll through the
list of available gauges, then press the upper half of
the ICU4Me control switch to select a desired gauge.
The ICU4Me control switch can also be used to un-
check boxes if necessary.
ICU Information
The ICU Information screen displays the part num-
bers for the instrument cluster and software.
4.25
5
Driver Controls
Ignition Switch and Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1
Lighting Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2
Horn Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6
Powertrain Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.11
Dash-Mounted Brake Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.13
Windshield Wiper/Washer Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.15
Suspension/Trailer Connection Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.15
Climate Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.18
Seat Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.19
Adjustable Steering Column Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.20
Driver Controls
5.1
Driver Controls
notice all lights flash simultaneously during this pro- Daytime running lights are mandatory for vehicles
cess. This is the normal operating sequence. A fault domiciled in Canada. Vehicles domiciled in any other
code is set for any bulb that is out. location may have an optional override switch
(Fig. 5.4, ref. 2). This is a momentary switch that en-
IMPORTANT: Do not crank the engine until the ables the driver to deactivate the DRL. Press the
ICU self-check is complete. upper half of the switch briefly to activate or deacti-
Turn the key clockwise past the ON position to reach vate the DRL.
the START position to start the engine. Release the
key the moment the engine starts. Do not operate Fog Lights
the starter longer than thirty seconds, then allow the Fog lights are designed to reduce glare in foggy con-
starter to cool between attempts. If the starter over- ditions. The low-beam headlights must be on in order
heats, the starter protection system will prevent op- to turn the fog lights on. Pull the headlight switch out-
eration of the starter until it has cooled. Release the ward to activate the fog lights.
key the moment the engine starts.
The ignition key also locks and unlocks the cab Hazard Warning Lights
doors, the baggage door(s) and if equipped, the bunk The hazard warning light switch is located on the
door(s). dash in what is referred to as the master module.
See Fig. 5.5. The hazard lights can be activated re-
Lighting Controls gardless of the ignition switch position.
IMPORTANT: Unless otherwise noted below, To activate the hazard lights, press the center of the
press the upper half of the switch to activate the switch once. The switch will blink at the same rate
desired light(s). Press the lower half of the that the hazard lights flash. Press the switch again to
switch to turn the light(s) off. turn them off. All the turn signals on the vehicle and
trailer, as well as the turn signal indicators in the
ICU, flash simultaneously when the hazard lights are
Exterior Lighting Controls activated.
Exterior light controls are listed here in alphabetical
order. See Fig. 5.3 for exterior light locations. Headlights
The headlight switch is a rotary switch located to the
Auxiliary High Beam Lights left of the steering column, above the ignition switch.
Auxiliary high-beam lights may be located in the front See Fig. 5.6.
bumper. To activate the auxiliary high beam lights, If the Follow Me Home feature is activated, the low-
press the upper part of the dash switch. The auxiliary beam headlights will remain on for nine seconds
high beam lights will illuminate only when the high- after the vehicle is parked, if the headlights were on
beam headlights are on. They will switch off tempo- prior to engine shutdown. This feature provides tem-
rarily when the low-beam headlights are on, until the porary lighting in the path of the headlights while
high beams are on again. Press the lower half of the walking to a building or other destination. If a vehicle
switch to deactivate it. See Fig. 5.4. door is opened or closed while this feature is active,
the timer will add an additional 10 seconds of light-
Backup Lights ing. This feature can be temporarily disabled by turn-
Backup lights activate only when the vehicle is in re- ing the ignition switch on, or by cycling the headlight
verse, and are designed to be used while backing up switch from the off position to one of the other two
at night. positions.
5.2
Driver Controls
8
9
8
7
10
1
5
2
3 4
02/03/2012 f544971
1. High-Beam Headlight 6. Side Turn Signal and Marker Light
2. Fog Light, or Auxiliary High-Beam Light 7. Clearance Light
3. Low-Beam Headlight 8. Stop Light, Taillight, and Turn Signal
4. Marker Light 9. Back-Up Light
5. Turn Signal 10. Identification Light
When the high-beam headlights are on, a blue light Marker Interrupt
illuminates on the instrument cluster. For vehicles
with fog lights, switching on the high beams will The marker interrupt switch, located in the right-hand
switch off the fog lights. The headlight low beams switch pod of the steering wheel, temporarily flashes
remain on continuously during high-beam operation. the marker lights. See Fig. 5.7.
5.3
Driver Controls
1 2 3 4 5 6
01/05/2012 7 8 9 10 11 f611155
1. Auxiliary High Beam Light Switch 7. Rear Cab Dome Light Switch 10. Sleeper Reading Light Switch,
2. DRL Override Switch (mounted in sleeper) Driver Side
3. Utility Light Switch 8. Sleeper Rear Dome Light Switch, 11. Sleeper Reading Light Switch,
4. Cab Foot Well Light Switch Driver Side Passenger Side
5. Panel Lights Switch 9. Sleeper Rear Dome Light Switch,
6. Rear Cab Dome Light Switch Passenger Side
Fig. 5.4, Dash-Mounted and Sleeper-Control Light Switches
Turn Signals
The turn-signal lever is on the left side of the steer-
ing column. See Fig. 5.8.
NOTE: The optional self-canceling turn signal
lever will automatically return to the neutral posi-
tion when the steering wheel returns to the
straight-ahead position after a turn.
Move the turn signal lever downward to turn the left-
turn signal on; move it upward to turn the right-turn
signal on. To manually cancel the signal, move the
03/20/2007 1 2 f610855
lever to the neutral position.
1. Hazard Warning 2. Panel Lights Dimmer When a turn signal is activated, a green indicator
Switch Switch light flashes on the instrument cluster.
Fig. 5.5, Master Module Turn-Tip Feature
The turn-tip feature is advantageous in lane change
situations when the steering wheel does not travel far
5.4
Driver Controls
2 3
4
1
DEC/ ENG
Interior Lighting Controls
SET BRK
Interior light controls are listed here in alphabetical
order.
The interior lights include panel lights, dome lights,
red map lights, clear reading lights, and courtesy
lights. Vehicles come pre-set from the factory with
theater lighting, which ramps up lights from low
power to full power when activated.
Sleepers have rear dome lights, bunk reading lights,
sleeper floor lights, and baggage compartment lights.
5.5
Driver Controls
the foot well lights on, press the lower half of the
switch to turn them off.
11/21/2006 f544908
5.6
Driver Controls
01/13/2012 f462236
Press down on the top of the steering wheel center pad
to activate the horn.
Fig. 5.13, Steering Wheel With Airbag
06/13/2007 f602322
Powertrain Controls
1. Lanyard
Aftertreatment System Regen
Fig. 5.11, Air Horn Control
Switches
Electric Horn NOTE: See Chapter 12 for detailed information
The button for the electric horn on a vehicle without about the operation of the regeneration (regen)
an airbag is located in the center of the steering switches and the aftertreatment system (ATS).
wheel. See Fig. 5.12. To sound the horn, press down IMPORTANT: Depending upon local jurisdic-
on the button. tional emissions guidelines, vehicles that are
The electric horn on a vehicle with an airbag is acti- domiciled outside of the U.S. and Canada may
vated by pressing down on the top of the steering not have engines and/or emissions aftertreat-
wheel center pad. See Fig. 5.13. ment systems that are compliant with EPA07,
The horn will sound for the duration that the button is EPA10, GHG14, or GHG17 regulations.
pressed, up to 60 seconds. The electric horn will op- The regen request switch, located on the dash, is
erate regardless of the position of the ignition key. used to initiate a parked regen. See Fig. 5.14. To
access the regen request switch, lift the guard and
1 press the yellow button.
Some vehicles may be equipped with a regen inhibit
switch. See Fig. 5.14. To stop a regen in progress or
prevent the start of a regen, press the lower half of
the switch. Regen will be delayed until the switch is
no longer active.
Axle Switches
Some vehicles are equipped with an interaxle differ-
ential lock switch and/or a switch for each driver-
02/05/2007 f544961 controlled differential lock (DCDL). See Fig. 5.15. For
more information about differential locks and using
1. Horn Button
them for traction control, see Chapter 16.
Fig. 5.12, Steering Wheel, No Airbag
5.7
Driver Controls
NO
RGEN HI
LO
02/08/2012 f611157
1. Regen Request 2. Regen Inhibit Switch
Switch
ENG
Fig. 5.14, Regen Request and Inhibit Switches BRK
05/02/2007 f610905
01/05/2012 f611158
1. Interaxle Differential Lock Switch
2. Fifth Wheel Slide Switch ENG
3. Driver-Controlled Differential Lock (DCDL) Switch FAN
4. Air Suspension Dump Control Switch
Fig. 5.15, Axle and Suspension Switches
02/26/2007 f610899
5.8
Driver Controls
5.9
Driver Controls
4 5 6 7
4 8
3
3
9
1
2
10
A 1 2 11
12
01/24/2003 f270120
To upshift manually, pull the lever back (towards the
driver). To downshift manually, push the lever forward
(away from the driver).
1. SmartShift Control Lever
2. Slide Switch (forward driving mode switch)
3. MAN Mode (of slide switch)
4. AUTO Mode (of slide switch)
()
5. Upshift Direction
6. Reverse Position (of selector switch)
7. Selector Switch
B (+) 8. Neutral Lock Button
9. Neutral Position (of selector switch)
10. Drive Position (of selector switch)
11. Low Position (of selector switch)
12. Downshift Direction
2
C
05/30/2012 f270163a
A. Front View
B. Shift Requests
C. Four positions for engine brake settings
1. Engine Brake Symbol
2. D/N/R Switch
3. Mode Switch
4. Gear Shift Symbol
10/31/94 f600369a
Fig. 5.20, Detroit Multifunction Control
1. Indicator Panel 2. Mode ID
5.10
Driver Controls
When the cruise control is engaged, do not at- NOTE: Cruise control is cancelled if the
tempt to shift gears without using the clutch brake or clutch pedal is depressed, or ve-
pedal. Failure to follow this precaution will result hicle speed drops below the minimum cruise
in a temporarily uncontrolled increase in engine control speed.
speed. Transmission damage and gear stripping 1.3 Press the DEC/SET button to set the de-
could result.
sired speed.
IMPORTANT: On vehicles equipped with
NOTE: The speed memory is lost whenever the
VORAD Collision Warning System with Smart-
ignition switch is turned to OFF, or cruise control
Cruise, see Chapter 6 before operating the
is turned off.
cruise control.
2. To disengage the cruise control, do one of the
NOTE: If the vehicle is equipped with a Detroit following:
multifunction control, setting the cruise control
with the engine brake on will activate Descent Press the CNCL button.
Control Mode. Moving the lever to the top posi- Depress the brake pedal.
tion will resume the set cruise speed. Moving
Depress the clutch pedal (on a manual
the lever down to engage the engine brake after
transmission only).
the cruise control has been set will activate De-
celeration Mode. See "Descent Control and De- 3. To resume a preselected cruise speed:
celeration Modes, Detroit Automated Transmis- 3.1 Ensure cruise control is on.
sions" in this chapter.
3.2 Press the ACC/RES button. Cruise will
The cruise control is operated by four buttons return to the last set speed.
mounted in the left-hand button pod of the steering
wheel. See Fig. 5.7. NOTE: If vehicle speed drops below the
minimum cruise control speed, cruise control
ON/OFF ButtonPress to turn cruise control
will disengage. To resume to the preselected
on or off. When cruise control is on, a green
telltale illuminates in the ICU. The speed
cruise speed, increase vehicle speed to
memory will be retained until the cruise control above minimum cruise control speed and
is disabled with the ON/OFF button, or the igni- press the ACC/RES button.
tion is turned off. 4. To increase cruise speed, press the ACC/RES
DEC/SET ButtonPress to set the cruise button until the vehicle accelerates to the desired
speed while the vehicle is traveling at the de- speed.
sired speed. Press and hold to decrease the 5. To decrease cruise speed, press the DEC/SET
set cruise speed. button until the vehicle decelerates to the desired
speed.
5.11
Driver Controls
04/15/2009 f100149
WARNING
Apply the brakes and downshift as necessary
when driving on downhill grades. PCC does not CC
adequately control vehicle speed on steep down- BAND
hill grades. Failure to use normal braking tech-
niques when PCC is active could result in per-
sonal injury and vehicle damage. 05/08/2012 f611191
IMPORTANT: PCC adjusts the vehicle set speed Fig. 5.25, CC Band Switch
to achieve maximum fuel economy, but it does
not account for traffic flows or surrounding ve- CC Limiter Switch Settings
hicles. Position Approximate Overrun Setting
Driver interaction with PCC is the same as conven- Top in 3 mph (5 km/h)
tional cruise control, using the standard cruise control Middle 6 mph (9 km/h)
buttons. In the event of a problem with PCC, or when Bottom in Unlimited
driving on a road with no profile information avail- Table 5.1, CC Limiter Switch Settings
able, the system reverts to conventional cruise
control.
5.12
Driver Controls
5.13
Driver Controls
Parking Brake Control Valve control panel. See Fig. 5.29. The valve can be par-
tially or fully applied, but in any partially on position it
will be overridden by a full application of the service
NOTICE brake pedal. Move the lever down to apply the trailer
brakes; move the lever up to release the trailer
Do not step on the service brake pedal while the brakes. The lever will automatically return to the up
parking brakes are applied. To do so can cause position when it is released.
damage to the brake mechanisms.
The yellow diamond-shaped knob operates the park-
ing brake valve. See Fig. 5.28. Pull the knob out to
apply both the tractor and the trailer spring parking
brakes. Push the knob in to release the tractor spring
parking brakes. Before the spring parking brakes can
be released, the air pressure in either air brake sys-
tem must be at least 65 psi (447 kPa).
If the trailer is not equipped with spring parking
brakes, pull the parking brake valve out to apply the
tractor parking brakes and the trailer service brakes.
1 10/17/2001 f610591
2
Fig. 5.29, Trailer Brake Lever
5.14
Driver Controls
to temporarily allow more drive wheel spin. The acti- Rotate the control dial clockwise to slow the wipers
vation of the deep snow and mud option is indicated down. Rotate the control dial clockwise as far as it
by a flashing WHEEL SPIN lamp. Press the switch will go to turn the wipers off.
again to cycle the system back to normal operation.
The windshield washer button is located at the end
of the turn signal lever. Momentarily press the wind-
shield washer button to initiate a single wipe without
activating the washer pump. The wipers will swipe
one full cycle and return to the inactive position.
To operate the windshield washers, press and hold
the button in. After a short delay, the washer will
pump windshield washer fluid onto the windshield for
as long as the washer button is pressed. The wind-
ATC shield wipers will turn on at low speed while the
washer button is pressed. After the button is re-
leased, the wipers will continue to operate for one to
several wipe cycles, depending on how long the
06/15/2007 f610907
wash button was pressed initially.
Fig. 5.30, ATC Switch
Suspension/Trailer Connection
NOTICE Controls
The deep snow and mud option is intended to be Air Suspension Dump Control Switch
used under specific slippery conditions that re-
quire momentary increased wheel spin. Using NOTICE
this option for an extended period of time may
damage the brake system. Do not operate the vehicle over uneven ground
such as ramps, speed bumps, curbs, etc. with
Windshield Wiper/Washer the air springs deflated. Doing this may lead to
air bag separation from the piston, preventing the
Controls suspension air springs from re-inflating.
The multifunction turn signal lever is attached to the The air suspension height control switch may be
left-hand side of the steering column, just below the used to aid in connecting or disconnecting from a
steering wheel. See Fig. 5.8. trailer. See Fig. 5.15. When the switch is set to
LOWER, the air-suspension dump valve deflates the
NOTICE air springs to lower the rear of the vehicle. In the
AUTO position, the automatic ride-control valves op-
Do not attempt to manually move the windshield erate for normal driving.
wiper arms. Wiper motor damage will occur if the
arms are forcibly moved. NOTICE
The wipers are operated by a rotary switch in the
Never exhaust air from the suspension while
wiper control dial, which is on the end of the turn sig-
driving. When the air is exhausted, the suspen-
nal lever. There are five intermittent settings, marked
sion will not absorb road shocks, and compo-
on the dial by lines of increasing length, and two
nents may be damaged.
steady speed settings: LO and HI.
A red LED in the switch is illuminated when the sus-
Turn the wipers on by rotating the control dial coun- pension is deflated.
terclockwise. Rotate the control dial further to in-
crease the speed of the wipers through the various ECAS Dash Switches
intermittent settings, then to LO and HI.
Vehicles with Electronically Controlled Air Suspension
(ECAS) may be equipped with either dash switches
5.15
Driver Controls
or a remote control unit, not both. See Figure 5.31 Suspension Height
and Table 5.2.
If the suspension is at normal height:
each up press increases the suspension height
an increment, unless the suspension is at
maximum height
a down press lowers the suspension to its low-
2 est set-point (usually axle stops)
1
If the suspension is below normal height:
an up press increases the suspension height to
LOAD normal ride height
XFER
a down press does nothing; the suspension is
11/19/2014 f611278 already at its lowest point
1. Load Transfer 2. Suspension Height If the suspension is above normal height:
Fig. 5.31, ECAS Dash Switches each up press increases the suspension height
an increment, unless the suspension is at
LOAD XFER (Load Transfer) maximum height
This switch controls the ECAS Manual Load Transfer a down press lowers the suspension to normal
function by adjusting suspension air pressure. Use ride height
this function to minimize wheel slippage in road con-
ditions where traction may be a concern. On vehicles equipped with the ICU4Me, messages
about the ride height status will display in the mes-
The ECAS Load Transfer feature applies the maxi- sage field of the driver message center. See Figure
mum available vehicle load on the drive axle, up to 5.33.
the maximum allowable limit, determined by the
gross axle weight rating (GAWR). In bobtail or with a If the suspension is outside normal ride height
loaded trailer less than the GAWR, the tag axle sup- (amber lamp on), the ECAS system will automatically
ports a negligible load while the drive axle supports return the suspension to normal ride height when
nearly the full weight. Above the GAWR, the drive vehicle speed reaches or exceeds a set speed (usu-
axle is loaded with approximately the maximum al- ally set to 5 mph).
lowable load and the tag supports the remainder.
Load transfer mode can be deactivated by holding up
on the dash switch for 4 seconds. Load transfer
mode will automatically deactivate when the vehicle
reaches 45 mph (72 kmh).
For vehicles equipped with the ICU4Me, when Load 02/04/2015 f611287
Transfer mode is active, "Load Transfer" will display
in the message field of the driver message center. Fig. 5.33, Example of Ride Height Message, ICU4Me
See Figure 5.32. Only
5.16
Driver Controls
ECAS Remote Control Unit ECAS Remote Control Keys and Functions
Some vehicles equipped with Electronically Con- Lift and lower keys. These keys will
trolled Air Suspension (ECAS) have a remote control raise or lower the rear suspension
height.
unit to lower and raise the rear suspension. See
Table 5.2 for keys and functions. The Stop key. Pressing the Stop key
will interrupt and stop all adjustments
If the suspension is outside normal ride height being made by the remote control.
(amber lamp on), the ECAS system will automatically When the key is off, holding the Stop
return the suspension to normal ride height when key for 2 seconds will cancel the 1
vehicle speed reaches or exceeds a set speed (usu- hour Standby mode.
ally set to 5 mph).
Table 5.2, ECAS Remote Control Keys and Functions
Messages about the ride height status will display in
the message field of the driver message center.
ECAS Standby Mode, Remote Control
Once the key is turned off, the ECAS will enter
Standby mode, remaining powered and adjusting to
level and load changes for 1 hour. To cancel Standby
mode on vehicles with a remote control, turn on the
ECAS Remote Control Keys and Functions remote control then hold the STOP key on the re-
mote for 2 seconds. Confirm the deactivation of
standby mode by attempting to turn the remote on
and adjust the suspension, which should not be
possible.
5.17
Driver Controls
1 2 3
4
2 6
0 8
07/22/2011 f545806
5.18
Driver Controls
5 1 2
4 6
3
7
2 8
1 9
3
06/08/2007 f610949
1. Fan Switch 3. Air Conditioning
06/08/2007 10 f610948
2. Temperature Control Button
1. Face Mode Fig. 5.38, Sleeper Climate Control Panel
2. Selection Between Face Mode and Bi-Level Mode
3. Bi-Level Mode clockwise to the red area for warm air. Turn the
4. Selection Between Bi-Level Mode and Floor Mode switch counterclockwise to the blue area for cool air.
5. Floor Mode
6. Selection Between Floor Mode and Defog Mode Press the button in the center of the temperature
7. Defog Mode control switch to activate the A/C.
8. Selection Between Defog Mode and Defrost Mode Cancel bunk-override mode, if activated, by changing
9. Defrost Mode
the sleeper fan speed or temperature setting. The
10. Bunk-Override Button (on sleeper-cabs only)
system will then operate from the sleeper controls.
Fig. 5.37, Air Selection Switch With Bunk-Override
Button Seat Controls
Bunk-Override Button NOTE: See Chapter 7 for detailed information
about seat controls and adjustments.
The bunk-override button is located in the center of
the cab air-selection switch (sleeper-cabs only). See
Fig. 5.37. WARNING
Press the bunk-override button to make the cab con- Keep hands, tools, and other objects away from
trols override the settings on the sleeper temperature the scissor points under the seats. Failure to do
control panel; the sleeper temperature will mimic the so could cause personal injury.
cab settings. An amber LED in the button is illumi-
nated when the bunk-override mode is activated. The following is a description of adjustments that can
When the override switch is not activated, the cab be made to various seats. Not all seats have all of
climate control panel can be adjusted without affect- the adjustments listed below. See Fig. 5.39.
ing the sleeper settings. Backrest tilt
Sleeper Climate Control Lumbar support
5.19
Driver Controls
1
3 4
2
8
6 7
5
10/26/2000 f910149a
1. Backrest Tilt 5. Bottom Cushion Angle (fore-and- 7. Seat Tilt
2. Lumbar Support aft cushion height) 8. Upper Backrest Adjustment
3. Isolator Feature 6. Fore-and-Aft Seat Slide (seat
4. Height Adjustment track adjustment)
Fig. 5.39, General Seat Adjustments
5.20
Driver Controls
5
1
07/19/2006 f610799
1. Multifunction Turn 4. Tilt Steering Column
Signal Switch Lever
2. Headlight Switch 5. Steering Wheel
3. Ignition Switch
Fig. 5.40, Steering Column and Left Panel Controls
5.21
6
Driver Assistance Features
VORAD VS-400 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1
OnGuard Collision Safety System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7
Detroit Assurance Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.11
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.16
OnLane Lane Departure Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.18
Roll Stability System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.19
Enhanced Stability Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.21
Detroit Connect Tablet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.21
Driver Assistance Features
6.1
Driver Assistance Features
Volume
OK
VORAD started A
Collision Warn OK
B SmartCruise TM
TM
02/03/2012 f610921a
A. Configured for CWS only Volume
B. Configured for CWS and SmartCruise
OK
Fig. 6.2, System Configuration Screens B
TM
02/03/2012 f610925a
A. Adjustable Volume
System Status B. Non-Adjustable Volume
Demo OK Fig. 6.4, Volume Screen
Volume
SmartCruise Headway Range
TM
6.2
Driver Assistance Features
System Status
System status shows the status of each system, indi-
cating if the system is operating normally. If a system
SmartCruise
Range is not operating normally, the system displays Failed
A OK
beside the system name. Failed indicates that a fault
2.25 sec is preventing the system from operating and it cannot
TM
be used until the fault is corrected or acknowledged.
Depending on the VS-400 system installed, one of
the screens shown in Fig. 6.6 will appear unless a
system fault is active. Press OK to exit the system
status menu.
SmartCruise
B Range OK
3.25 sec
TM
VORAD status
Collision warn OK OK
A SmartCruise OK
Press OK for Menu
TM
SmartCruise
C Range OK
fixed
3.25 sec
TM
Use the up and down arrows to change the DIU A. Status display for CWS and SmartCruise
backlight and warning LED brightness. Press the OK configuration
button to exit the brightness screen. B. Status display for CWS configuration
The ambient light sensor reading determines if the Fig. 6.6, System Status Screens
DIU is in daytime or nighttime mode. Menu-adjusted
brightness is applied only to the mode the DIU is in Diagnostics
at the time of adjustment. The previous brightness The DIU displays fault codes currently active when
settings are repeated after each ignition cycle. How- this screen is selected and the vehicle is stationary.
ever, the graphic display and the warning LED bright- See Fig. 6.7. Contact an authorized Freightliner ser-
ness range are constrained such that they are al- vice center if fault codes display.
ways visible regardless of how low the brightness is
adjusted in all driving conditions. Press the OK but- Collision Warning System
ton to exit the menu.
The CWS may require a warm-up period of up to
Unit Adjustment Screen one minute if the outside air temperature is below
32F (0C). The DIU will display a warm-up message
The unit adjustment screen allows the driver to select until the system reaches operating temperature. See
either km/h or mph units for display of SmartCruise Fig. 6.8.
set speed. Press OK to exit the mph selection
screen.
6.3
Driver Assistance Features
DIU DIAGNOSTICS
SPN: 00886 FMI:012 OK Object Detected OK
OK
TM TM
Fig. 6.7, DIU Diagnostic Screen Fig. 6.9, Object Detected Alert
3 seconds OK
Radar Warming Up
TM
Please wait OK
B
02/03/2012 f610931a
TM
6.4
Driver Assistance Features
02/03/2012 f610933a
COLLISION OK
ALERT 02/06/2012 f610935b
TM 1. Volume Adjust
2. Red LEDObject Detected
3. Ambient Light Sensor
02/03/2012 f610934a 4. YellowNo Object Detected
6.5
Driver Assistance Features
alarm.
The side sensor only detects objects within its
field of view, next to the tractor. A vehicle be- 02/03/2012 f610936a
6.6
Driver Assistance Features
OK System Limitations
TM
6.7
Driver Assistance Features
4 CMS
10/31/2014 f611277
12/18/2014 f611143c
1. Mode 3. Up
2. Day/Night Mode 4. Down Fig. 6.19, CMS Standby (blue)
Fig. 6.18, OnGuard Display Unit, Second Generation A Vehicle is Detected
Collision Warning System (CWS) When a lead vehicle is detected in the lane ahead,
the display shows that the CMS is on and the radar
The CWS generates audible and visual alerts when is tracking a lead vehicle at the speed shown. See
the following distance may result in a collision. The Fig. 6.20.
OnGuard display unit shows a graphic of the condi-
tion, enhanced by a screen color relevant to the in- If the following distance between the vehicle and the
tensity of the situation. See Table 6.1. If a potential lead vehicle is too close, the CMS will emit an au-
rear-end collision is imminent, OnGuards active dible alert and the display background will turn yel-
braking automatically applies the engine and service low. The alert will end when the vehicle speed drops
brakes to slow the vehicle. The active braking appli- below the lead vehicle speed and the following dis-
cation is intended only to provide early braking; the tance is increased.
driver is still required to recognize and react to all
driving situations.
6.8
Driver Assistance Features
230FT
Fig. 6.20, CMS Lead Vehicle Detected (green) Fig. 6.22, ACC Standby (blue)
15 FT
6.9
Driver Assistance Features
6.10
Driver Assistance Features
6.11
Driver Assistance Features
6.12
Driver Assistance Features
Press DEC/SET to set the cruise speed while the the service brake. If the accelerator pedal is pressed,
vehicle is traveling at the desired speed. Press and or a turn is indicated, the collision avoidance system
hold to decrease the set cruise speed. is suppressed.
6.13
Driver Assistance Features
6.14
Driver Assistance Features
Driving Situations
See Table 6.3 for a description of adaptive cruise
control and active brake assist limitations in specific
driving conditions.
12/18/2014 f040838a
6.15
Driver Assistance Features
6.16
Driver Assistance Features
when lanes are very narrow or winding vate LDW for a minimum of 15 minutes. See
Fig. 6.33.
when shade conditions on the road surface
change greatly
The driver must adapt their driving style to current
conditions. Lane departure warning cannot take the
road and weather conditions into account, nor the
prevailing traffic situation. The driver is responsible
for the distance to the vehicle in front, for vehicle
speed, braking in good time and remaining in lane.
6.17
Driver Assistance Features
the windshield, for example, or remove snow and ice The Driver Alertness Warning (DAW) system pro-
from the windshield. vides a warning when weaving or erratic driving is
detected within the driving lane.
OnLane Lane Departure System Startup
Warning
OnLane is activated when the vehicle ignition is
turned on. Lane departure warnings are active only
WARNING when the vehicle is traveling at 42 mph (68 kph) or
above.
OnLane Lane Departure Warning is intended only
as an aid for a conscientious and alert driver. The Intentional Lane Changes
system may not indicate lane departures under
certain conditions. Read the information in this The system identifies intentional lane changes by
manual to understand the circumstances under monitoring the turn signal, the brake switch, and ve-
which this system may not provide adequate lane hicle speed. When a lane change is intentional, the
departure warnings. Do not rely solely on the assistance warnings are disabled. The following con-
system to safely operate the vehicle. The system ditions will disable/enable the warnings:
does not warn of all possible hazards. For ex-
If brake lights are ON, all warnings are dis-
ample, the system cannot prevent an accident if
the driver is impaired or not driving safely. abled
If the Left Turn Signal is ON, left departure
The lane departure warning system is not a sub-
stitute for safe driving procedures. warnings are disabled
If the Right Turn Signal is ON, right departure
Failure to drive safely and use the system prop-
erly could result in personal injury and/or death warnings are disabled
and severe property damage. If the vehicles speed is under 42 mph (68
OnLane is a camera-based warning system that kph), all warnings are disabled
helps the driver avoid unintentional lane drifting. The If the hazard lights are ON, all warnings are
system uses a camera mounted near the top center enabled
of the vehicle windshield, which calculates vehicle
position within the lane. When the vehicle crosses Unintentional Lane Departure
lane markings without the turn signal being activated,
OnLane sounds an audible warning (rumble strip The system constantly monitors and calculates ve-
noise). hicle position within the lane. In the event of an unin-
tentional lane change, the system provides an au-
OnLane is not active when the system is searching dible warning (rumble strip noise). The audible
for a lane. If the system is searching for a lane, the warning will terminate once the vehicle is guided
Lane Alert telltale will illuminate. See Fig. 6.35. back into a lane.
6.18
Driver Assistance Features
06/26/2003 f602128
IMPORTANT: This is not an advance warning The roll stability control system automatically reduces
engine power, applies the engine brake, and/or ap-
system. The roll stability advisor displays a mes- plies the tractor and trailer brakes when the accelera-
sage only after the driving maneuver is com- tion sensor detects that the vehicle is at risk of rolling
pleted.
6.19
Driver Assistance Features
REDUCE SPEED From the highest risk level to the lowest risk level,
AT LEAST 11 KPH the system will sound an audible alert, and display a
4 RSA Level 2 14 5
message, as shown in Fig. 6.39.
HIGH RISK OF
ROLLOVER DETECTED
Trip/Leg Totals
REDUCE SPEED
AT LEAST 7 MPH The driver message center records the number of
or in metric
messages received, and displays the number of
messages as counts. Roll stability advisor (RSA) and
REDUCE SPEED
AT LEAST 11 KPH
hard-braking event data (HBED) counts can be
viewed in the trip advisory screen, and the leg advi-
5 RSA Level 1 8.4 2
ROLLOVER RISK sory screen.
DETECTED
Counts can be reset using the + key on the steering
REDUCE SPEED
wheel. Clearing RSA and HBED leg counts will also
AT LEAST 7 MPH
reset the leg miles and leg hours. Clearing RSA and
or in metric HBED trip counts will also reset trip miles, trip hours,
REDUCE SPEED leg miles, leg hours, and leg advisory counts. In ad-
AT LEAST 11 KPH dition, resetting leg miles will clear leg counts. Clear-
6 HBED Level 3 HARD BRAKING WITH 14 0.5 ing trip miles will reset miles, hours, and counts in
ABS ACTIVATED
both the leg and trip screens.
LOOK AHEAD The TRIP and LEG advisor screens count both the
BRAKE SOONER roll stability advisories (ROLL) and hard-braking
7 HBED Level 2 14 0.5
events (BRK). For example, if during a TRIP, the
HARD BRAKING
DETECTED
driver message center recorded the events in
Table 6.4, the message center would display as
LOOK AHEAD
shown in Fig. 6.40.
BRAKE SOONER
6.20
Driver Assistance Features
6.21
7
Seats and Restraints
Seats, General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1
Cascadia 2.0 High-Back Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2
Cascadia High-Back Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3
Sears Atlas Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4
Seat Belts and Tether Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5
Steering Wheel Air Bag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8
RollTek Rollover Protection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9
Seats and Restraints
1
3 4
2
8
6 7
5
10/26/2000 f910149a
1. Backrest Tilt 5. Bottom Cushion Tilt (fore-and-aft 7. Seat Tilt
2. Lumbar Support cushion height) 8. Headrest Adjustment
3. Fore/Aft Isolator 6. Fore/Aft Seat Slide (seat track
4. Height Adjustment adjustment)
7.1
Seats and Restraints
Recline
Pull the recline handle to adjust the backrest tilt.
Seat Heating/Ventilation
Use the forward switch to turn the seat heater and
ventilation ON or OFF. To turn on the heat, push the
top of the switch. To turn on the ventilation, push the
bottom of the switch. To turn off the heat or ventila-
tion, move the switch to the middle position. To ad-
just the heat or ventilation, Use the rear button to
adjust seat heating or ventilation. Three settings are
available: low, medium, and high. See Fig. 7.3.
1
2
NOTICE 10 3
9 4
Do not install seat covers on seats with heating 8 5
and ventilation. Do not cover the seat with blan- 7 6
05/11/2012 f910682
kets, clothing, or pillows. Blocking the air flow
through the cushions can overheat and damage 1. Recline Handle
the seat. 2. Heat/Ventilation Adjustment Switch
3. Heat/Ventilation ON/OFF Switch
IMPORTANT: Turn off seat heating/ventilation 4. Lumbar and Side Support Switches
when the seat is unoccupied. 5. Height Adjustment Lever
6. Shock Absorber Adjustment Lever
7. Fore/Aft Isolator Lever
Lumbar Support 8. Bottom Cushion Extension Lever
Press the forward button to adjust lower lumbar sup- 9. Seat Fore/Aft Slide Lever
port, the middle button to adjust upper lumbar sup- 10. Seat Tilt Lever
port, and the rear button to adjust side support. Fig. 7.2, Cascadia 2.0 Hi-Back Seat
7.2
Seats and Restraints
7.3
Seats and Restraints
1
6
2 4 10
3 9
5 8
7
07/18/2007 f910576
1. Rear Cushion Height Adjustment 4. Bottom Cushion Extension Handle 8. Shock Absorber Lever
Knob 5. Fore/Aft Seat Slide Lever 9. Height Adjustment Switch
2. Fore/Aft Isolator 6. Backrest Tilt Knob 10 Lumbar Support Switches
3. Front Cushion Height Adjustment 7. Heater Button
Knob
Fig. 7.4, Cascadia Hi Back Seat
Sears Atlas Seat bail, and lift the bail up. See Fig. 7.6. Slide the seat
forward or backward to the desired position. Release
See Fig. 7.5 for seat adjustment controls. the bail and fore/aft slide lock, to its original position,
to lock the seat in place.
Backrest Tilt
Bottom Cushion Tilt
Pull upward on the recliner handle, move the back-
rest to the desired position and release the handle. Lift the handle upward and move the seat cushion to
the desired position. Three positions are available.
Lumbar Support
Armrest Angle
Rear rocker switch: Push forward to inflate the lower
lumbar bag; push rearward to deflate the bag. Center Rotate the control knob, located on the underside of
rocker switch: Push forward to inflate the upper lum- the armrest, to set the desired angle of the armrest.
bar bag; push rearward to deflate the bag.
Isolator
Fore/Aft Seat Slide Position the handle to the left to allow isolation
To adjust the fore-and-aft position of the entire seat, movement. Position the handle to the right to lock-
squeeze the fore/aft slide lock against the adjustment out isolation movement.
7.4
Seats and Restraints
10/15/2007 B f910599
A. Squeeze the fore-and-aft slide lock against the
adjustment bail.
B. Lift up the adjustment bail.
7.5
Seats and Restraints
IMPORTANT: Seat belts have a finite life which introduce a small amount of slack into the seat belt,
may be much shorter than the life of the vehicle. resulting in a more comfortable ride.
Regular inspections and replacement as needed
are the only assurance of adequate seat belt
security over the life of the vehicle.
7.6
Seats and Restraints
belt to retract slightly, then slowly pull it out 5. Position the shoulder strap diagonally across
again. See Fig. 7.9. your chest with the adjustable D-loop bracket (if
equipped). The shoulder strap must be centered
on your shoulder and chest, away from your face
and neck. See Fig. 7.10. If desired, engage the
Komfort Latch or Sliding Komfort Latch as fol-
lows.
If equipped with a Sliding Komfort Latch, make
sure that the shoulder strap is snug against your
chest. Without loosening the shoulder strap,
push the Sliding Komfort Latch switch to the
"ON" position. See Fig. 7.8. To activate the latch
lean forward until you hear a click. This will allow
for approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm) of slack be-
tween your chest and the shoulder harness.
Once engaged, the latch will allow you to lean
forward about 5 inches (13 cm) without having to
reset the latch. Leaning forward more than 5
inches (13 cm) will disengage the Sliding Kom-
fort Latch, requiring it to be reset.
If equipped with a Komfort Latch, pull on the
1 shoulder strap to lessen the pressure of the strap
on your shoulder and chest. Allow no more than
1 inch (2.5 cm) of slack between your chest and
the shoulder harness. More slack can signifi-
2 cantly reduce the seat belt effectiveness in an
accident or a sudden stop. While holding the belt
slack, press the Komfort Latch lever up, clamp-
ing the seat belt webbing (Fig. 7.11 and
Fig. 7.12).
07/02/2007 f910578
1. Latch 2. Buckle
Fig. 7.9, Three-Point Seat Belt Operation
7.7
Seats and Restraints
press the Sliding Komfort latch to the "OFF" po- Inspection and Service
sition, then unbuckle the seat belt.
If equipped with a Komfort Latch, unbuckle the WARNING
seat belt, then release the Komfort Latch by giv-
ing the shoulder belt a quick tug. If you lean for- Do not attempt to service or modify the air bag
ward against the shoulder belt, the Komfort Latch system. Unintentional or improper air bag deploy-
will automatically release, and will need to be ment could cause severe bodily injury or death.
reset. Contact an authorized Freightliner service facility
for all service and maintenance.
NOTE: Neither the Komfort Latch nor the Sliding
Komfort Latch need to be manually released in The air bag system contains components that
use combustible chemicals. Do not cut, drill,
an emergency situation. Each will release by braze, solder, weld, strike, or probe the air bag
itself under rough road or other abnormal condi- components. Keep all liquids and chemicals
tions. Make sure the seat belt is completely re- away from air bag components.
tracted when it is not in use.
The surface of the deployed air bag may contain
small amounts of sodium hydroxide (which is a
by-product of the gas generant combustion) and
7.8
Seats and Restraints
driver seat only, with an optional steering Fig. 7.13, RollTek Protection System Components
wheel frontal air bag
When the RollTek module senses a rollover, the
driver and passenger seats, with an optional module triggers gas cylinders mounted in the base of
steering wheel frontal air bag the seat. The gas cylinders activate the power
cinches that then tighten the lap and shoulder belts
Operation against the occupant of the seat and lower the seat
suspension, moving the occupant down and away
The RollTek system, when used with seat belts, pro- from the steering wheel and ceiling. The side-roll air
vides additional protection to the driver and passen- bag deploys from the outboard side of the seat as
ger (if equipped with a passenger-side system) in the seat is pulled down to its lowest position. See
rollover accidents. The RollTek system provides a Fig. 7.14.
significant increase in seat stability during a rollover.
Vehicles equipped with RollTek rollover protection
have a sensor mounted in the seat base that acti- WARNING
vates the side-roll air bag and seat pull-down device
during a rollover. Always use the seat belts when operating the ve-
hicle. Failure to do so can result in severe per-
sonal injury or death. Do not place infants and
7.9
Seats and Restraints
7.10
Seats and Restraints
7.11
8
Climate Control
Cab Climate Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1
Sleeper Climate Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2
ParkSmart HVAC System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3
Accessory Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6
Climate Control
Cab Climate Control Panel To operate the fan switch, turn the fan switch clock-
wise to increase airflow; turn the fan switch counter-
The standard cab climate control panel has a fan clockwise to decrease airflow.
switch with a recirculation button, temperature control There is a two-second delay between the time the
switch with an A/C button, and a mode control engine is started and the blower is operational. It can
switch. See Fig. 8.1. Sleeper cabs are also equipped take an additional four seconds for the blower to
with a bunk override button. reach high speed. The blower motor performs a self-
test immediately after the engine is started, which
causes the delay. If the vehicle has Optimized Idle,
the fan will not operate with the key in accessory
1 2 3 mode. Optimized Idle may also turn the fan off to
reduce stress on the batteries. Refer to Chapter 11
4
for more information.
2 6
0 8 Recirculation
Recirculation mode limits the amount of outside air
entering the cab. Press the recirculation button to
prevent dusty or smoky air from entering the cab.
See Fig. 8.2. Recirculation mode can also decrease
the time required to cool or heat the cab interior dur-
07/20/2006 f831701 ing extreme outside temperature conditions. When
1. Fan Switch the recirculation mode is turned on, the amber indi-
2. Temperature Control Switch cator on the recirculation button will illuminate.
3. Mode Control Switch
The recirculation button will not work when the mode
Fig. 8.1, Cab Climate Control Panel control switch is in either defog or defrost modes.
NOTE: To prevent the buildup of odors or oxy-
Fan Switch gen depletion inside the cab, the system
The fan switch activates the fan, which forces fresh switches from full recirculation mode to partial
air or recirculated air through the air outlets. The fan recirculation mode after 20 minutes. In ex-
switch has eight fan speed settings and an OFF po- tremely dusty or smoky conditions, the partial
sition. See Fig. 8.2. recirculation mode can be overridden by press-
ing the recirculation button twice to obtain full
recirculation mode. This resets the 20-minute
timer.
8.1
Climate Control
5
4 6
3
7
1 2 8
1 9
06/08/2007 f610947
06/08/2007 10 f610948
1. Air Conditioning Button
1. Face Mode
Fig. 8.3, Temperature Control Switch 2. Selection Between Face Mode and Bi-Level Mode
3. Bi-Level Mode
engine is running at extremely low rpm; 4. Selection Between Bi-Level Mode and Floor Mode
5. Floor Mode
conditions exist that result in the climate con- 6. Selection Between Floor Mode and Defog Mode
trol system going into protection mode. 7. Defog Mode
8. Selection Between Defog Mode and Defrost Mode
Mode Control Switch 9. Defrost Mode
10. Bunk Override Button (on sleeper-cabs only)
The mode control switch allows the driver to control
the flow of air through the face outlets, the floor out- Fig. 8.4, Mode Control Switch With Bunk Override
Button
lets, the defrost (windshield) outlets, or a combination
of these outlets. See Fig. 8.4.
Sleeper Climate Control Panel
Face Mode: Directs all airflow through the face
or instrument panel outlets. The standard sleeper climate control panel has a fan
switch and a temperature control switch with an A/C
Bi-Level Mode: Directs the airflow equally to button.
the face outlets and the floor outlets.
If the bunk override button has been activated, the
Floor Mode: Directs all airflow through the floor override mode can be canceled by changing the
outlets. sleeper fan speed or temperature setting. The cli-
Floor/Defrost Mode: Directs the airflow equally mate control system will then operate from the
to the floor outlets and the defrost outlets. sleeper controls.
Defrost Mode: Directs all airflow through the Fan Switch
defrost outlets.
The fan switch activates the fan, which forces air
Bunk Override Button through the air outlets. The fan switch has eight fan
speeds and an OFF position. See Fig. 8.5.
The bunk override button, equipped on sleeper cabs
only, allows the driver to control the sleeper heat and To operate the fan switch, turn the switch clockwise
A/C settings from the cab. See Fig. 8.4. to increase airflow; turn the fan switch counterclock-
wise to decrease airflow. If the vehicle has Optimized
Press the bunk override button to turn the sleeper Idle, the fan will not operate with the key in acces-
heat or A/C on. An amber indicator will illuminate sory mode. Optimized Idle may also turn the fan off
when bunk override mode is activated. to reduce stress on the batteries. Refer to Chap-
Press the bunk override button again to turn bunk ter 11 for more information.
override mode off. Adjusting the sleeper climate con- When the cab air conditioner (A/C) is on, the sleeper
trols at any time will also cause the bunk override fan will operate at low speed even if the sleeper fan
mode to cancel.
8.2
Climate Control
8.3
Climate Control
fan speeds. Zero (0) is the OFF position. See teries and the ParkSmart batteries will both be used
Fig. 8.6. To operate the fan switch, turn the switch until the system voltage drops to 12.5 volts, then the
clockwise to increase airflow; turn the fan switch system will switch to the ParkSmart batteries only.
counterclockwise to decrease airflow. The ParkSmart system will run until the dedicated
batteries reach 11.3 volts.
1 2 Before operating the ParkSmart system, bring the
sleeper interior temperature to the desired tempera-
ture with the engine running and the bunk curtain
ONOMY
EC open. The ParkSmart system is designed to maintain
an established comfortable bunk temperature, in
parked mode, for up to 12 hours with the bunk cur-
tain closed. See Table 8.1 for recommended settings
for comfort while the vehicle is parked. Table 8.2
shows the temperature knob setting for desired tem-
3 peratures.
05/24/2011 f610949c
1. Fan Switch 3. PARK Mode Control To use the ParkSmart control panel, select a fan
2. Temperature Control Button speed (other than off) and push the PARK button.
Switch Adjust the temperature control knob to the desired
Fig. 8.6, ParkSmart Climate Control Panel
temperature. Refer to Table 8.1 or Table 8.2, de-
pending what mode is being used.
The ParkSmart HVAC system operates both when Start the fuel-operated heater once per month and
the engine is running and when the engine is off. allow it to run for 15 minutes. Periodically running the
When the engine is running, the air conditioning heater will keep fresh fuel in the lines and ensure the
(A/C) is powered by the vehicle electrical system, heater is ready to perform when needed.
while the auxiliary heater core is supplied with engine
coolant. While the engine is running, the ParkSmart IMPORTANT: Wait three minutes after shutting
batteries are also being recharged by the vehicle down the ParkSmart system before turning the
electrical system. cab load disconnect switch (CLDS) to OFF.
When the engine is off with the key in the ACC or NOTE: The Espar Hydronic 5 water heater can
ON positions, A/C mode is powered by the use biodiesel blends up to 10% (B-10). Consult
ParkSmart batteries. The cab fan will also circulate the engine manufacturers manual to confirm the
air in the cab using power from the main vehicle bat- lowest allowable blend (engine or heater) is not
teries. The available power for other vehicle-supplied
accessories (house loads) will be affected when run-
being exceeded.
ning in this mode. If there is no Low Voltage Discon- IMPORTANT: The condition and charge of the
nect (LVD) control on the main electrical system, the auxiliary batteries will directly affect run time of
ability to start the vehicle could also be compromised the ParkSmart system. If the vehicle run-time
if this mode is activated for an extended time period. between discharges is less than eight hours, or
When the engine is off with the ignition switch in the if additional loads are added to the auxiliary bat-
OFF position, the ParkSmart system runs the teries, the ParkSmart run-time will be less than
battery-operated A/C or diesel-operated coolant expected.
heater, depending on the temperature requested,
and power is drawn from the batteries. The main bat-
8.4
Climate Control
Temperature Control Knob Position to Requested Vehicles with Detroit Diesel Optimized
Output Temperature Idle
Temperature Control Requested Sleeper
Knob Position (Clicks) Temperature: F (C) If a Cascadia vehicle is equipped with Detroit Diesel
1 60 (16) optimized idle (O/I), it will affect the way the
2 60 (16) ParkSmart operates. When the driver initiates the
O/I, the ParkSmart will operate in O/I mode as fol-
3 62 (17)
lows.
4 64 (18)
5 66 (19) The ParkSmart runs unless the ParkSmart fan
6 68 (20) speed control knob is turned to the "OFF" posi-
7 70 (21) tion. See Fig. 8.6. The fan speed control knob
8 71 (22) must be set at "1" or higher.
9 72 (22) The engine will periodically start and run for at
10 73 (23) least two hours to maintain battery voltage
11 74 (23) then shut off. The ParkSmart will continue to
12 75 (24) operate during this time.
13 76 (24) If the O/I shuts down due to a fault in the O/I
14 77 (25) system, the ParkSmart will continue to operate
15 78 (25) until it is shut off by the driver or one of the
16 79 (26) automated failsafes.
17 80 (27) The ParkSmart ON/OFF button and LED indi-
18 82 (38) cator on the parked HVAC control module do
19 84 (29) not function when the vehicle is in O/I mode.
20 85 (29) When the vehicle is not in O/I mode, the
21 Full Hot ParkSmart ON/OFF button and LED indicator
Table 8.2, Temperature Control Knob Position to operate normally.
Requested Output Temperature All other functions are the same as the standard sys-
tem.
8.5
Climate Control
Accessory Heaters with the control knob; rotate the temperature control
knob clockwise for warmer air, or counterclockwise
Optional accessary heaters are available from the for cooler air. To turn the heat off, press the off but-
factory in several configurations. Familiarize yourself ton.
with the equipment on your specific vehicle, and fol-
low the manufacturers operating and maintenance 6
instructions. 5
WARNING
Do not operate fuel-operated heaters in an area
where flammable vapors, including gasoline or
diesel fumes, are present, such as at filling sta-
tions and tank farms. Turn off a fuel-operated
heater and allow it shut down completely before 4
entering an area where flammable gases or liq-
uids are present. Heaters continue to operate for
up to three minutes after being turned off.
Failure to observe these precautions could cause
an explosion or fire, resulting in serious property 3
damage, and personal injury or death.
02/06/2012
2 1 f611161
NOTICE 1. Temperature Control Knob
2. Fan Button
Always ensure that air inlet and outlet grilles are 3. Fan Indicator (blue)
not restricted. Restriction of any air inlet or outlet 4. Off Button
ports could result in damage to the auxiliary 5. Heat Indicator (red)
heater. 6 Heat Button
8.6
Climate Control
4 5
2
Espar
6
3
7
2
1
10/24/2014 f611162
1. Off Position
2. Heater On Indicator Light
1 Fig. 8.9, Webasto Heater Control Knob
02/06/2012 8 f611160
Refer to the Webasto website, techwebasto.com,
1. Ambient Temperature Sensor
2. Down Arrow Button for additional information.
3. Fan Button
4. Fan Indicator (blue)
5. Heat Indicator (green)
6 Heat On/Off Button
7. Up Arrow Button
8. Ambient Temperature Display
Fig. 8.8, Espar Digi-Controller
Webasto Heater
To turn the heater on, rotate the heater control knob
clockwise until the indicator light illuminates. See
Fig. 8.9. The Webasto heater requires one to two
minutes to warm up before warm air is delivered.
To set the desired temperature, rotate the heater
control knob clockwise for warmer air, or counter-
clockwise for cooler air.
To turn the heater off, rotate the heater control coun-
terclockwise until it clicks and the indicator light is
extinguished. The heater will initiate a two-minute
cooling cycle.
8.7
9
Cab Features
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1
Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1
Cab Amenities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1
Sleeper Amenities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2
Cab Features
2
3 4
1
MIRR
HEAT
06/13/2007 f602318
02/26/2007 f610904
1. Passenger-Side Window Switch
2. Driver-Side Window Switch Fig. 9.2, Mirror Heat Switch
3. Mirror Directional Switch
4. Left-Hand or Right-Hand Mirror Selector Switch
Cab Amenities
Fig. 9.1, Door Switches (driver-side shown)
Cascadia vehicles are available with many optional
features. The following are some of those options.
WARNING
Cup Holders
There is no anti-pinch protection when the win-
dow is almost closed. Be sure to clear all objects Two cup holders and a storage tray are molded into
from the window before closing. the center dash. See Fig. 9.3.
The window switches have three positions: lower IS IN MOTIO
LOWER
N SUSP
AIR
AUTO
the switch to lower the window. Hold the switch down ENG
BRK ENG
SHDN ATC
MIRR
2
4
1
HEAT UTLY
LAMP TRLR
6
in the forward position for approximately one second AUX DOME
0
8
POUTL A
ER
10
Mirrors 2
06/14/2007 f610950a
The standard outside mirrors are mounted on the
1. Power Outlets
door frame. The power mirrors are controlled with a 2. Cup Holders and Storage Tray
left-hand or right-hand mirror selector switch, and a
directional switch. Select the left (driver) mirror, or Fig. 9.3, Center Dash
the right (passenger) mirror using the selector switch.
The mirror can then be adjusted by pressing the di-
rectional switch arrow for the direction the mirror
should be adjusted.
9.1
Cab Features
Lighting
See Chapter 5 for detailed information regarding 2
lighting controls. 1 1
Power Outlets
Power outlets that supply 12V power for accessories
are located on either side of the cup holders. An op-
tional ashtray/coin holder may be located in the cen-
ter dash. See Fig. 9.3.
3 4 3
Radio and CB 02/25/2014 f602319a
The radio and CB are typically installed in the over- 1. Cargo Storage with Netting
head console. An optional hot mount may be in- 2. Overhead Storage Compartment
stalled on the dash for fleet CB radios. 3. Storage Pocket
4. Glove Box
Storage Fig. 9.4, Overhead Storage
Storage compartments/grab handles are molded into IMPORTANT: The baggage compartment doors
the lower portion of the driver and passenger doors. are two-stage latching. When closing the doors,
The glove box is located in front of the passenger ensure that they are completely latched to pre-
seat. To lock the latch, insert the key in the lock, and vent wind noise and water intrusion.
turn it 1/2-turn clockwise. Remove the key. To unlock
the latch, insert the key in the lock, and turn it 1/2- Lighting
turn counterclockwise. The glove box door is hinged
at the bottom. To open the unlocked door, push the See Chapter 5 for detailed information regarding
button in with your thumb and pull gently on the lighting controls.
tang-style latch. The door will swing downwards, then
stop in the open position. To close the door, swing it Power Outlets
upwards, and put gentle pressure on the latch. The
door will be secured, but not locked. Power outlets are located underneath the lower
bunk.
Storage pockets are located in the overhead console,
above the driver and passenger seats. A glove box is Sleeper Access Door
located in the center of the overhead console. See
Fig. 9.4. The sleeper access door is not intended for entry or
exit. The door is intended only as a convenient
Sleeper Amenities means to stow or remove personal belongings in the
sleeper area. The sleeper access door can be
Cascadia sleepers are available with many optional opened using two different methods. The primary
features. The following are some of those options. method is the pull cable located near the lower rear
edge of the cab door opening on the sidewall behind
NOTE: See Chapter 8 for detailed information the seat. Pull the cable handle labeled ACCESS for-
regarding sleeper climate controls. ward to open the sleeper door. The secondary
method is the black knob located at the upper rear
Baggage Compartment Doors edge of the sleeper door opening. Pull the knob
down to open the sleeper door.
The baggage compartment doors are intended as a
convenient means to stow or remove items under the IMPORTANT: The sleeper access doors are
bunk. The baggage compartment doors can be two-stage latching. When closing the doors, en-
opened using the pull cable located near the aft edge sure that they are completely latched to prevent
of the cab door opening on the sidewall behind the wind noise and water intrusion.
seat. Pull the cable handle labeled BAGGAGE for-
ward to open the door.
9.2
Cab Features
9.3
10
Engine Starting, Operation,
and Shutdown
Engine Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1
Engine Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2
Engine Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4
Engine Starting, Operation, and Shutdown
WARNING
Never pour fuel or other flammable liquid into the
air inlet opening in the air intake in an attempt to
start the vehicle. This could result in a flash fire
causing serious personal injury or property
damage.
IMPORTANT: Cascadia vehicles are equipped
with starter interlocks to enhance reliability and 07/19/2006 f610805
safety. Anti-grinding, starter pinion, and thermal
Fig. 10.1, Ignition Switch
protection logic limit the amount of time and
conditions for starter engagement. Cranking NOTE: The length of time the WAIT TO START
may be limited from 5 to 15 seconds, with a 30- lamp remains illuminated depends on the ambi-
second cool-down period, as determined by the ent temperature. The lower the ambient tem-
protection logic. If the engine is turning, the perature, the longer the lamp will be illuminated.
starter will not engage. Depending on the trans-
mission option, the starter will not engage if the NOTE: If the ignition switch is turned to START
clutch is not fully depressed, or if the transmis- before the gauge sweep has completed or if the
sion is not in neutral. starter has overheated, the START BLOCKED
lamp may illuminate. Turn the ignition switch
IMPORTANT: The starter can not be used for back to ON, wait for the lamp to go out, then
priming the fuel system. If the fuel/water separa- turn the ignition switch to START again.
tor filter is replaced, and the fuel system needs
to be primed, see the engine manufacturers 5. Once the gauge sweep has completed, turn the
operating instructions. ignition key to the START position. Release the
key the moment the engine starts.
1. Before engine start-up, complete the pre- and
post-trip inspections and maintenance proce- NOTICE
dures in Chapter 21.
2. Set the parking brake. Do not rev the engine if the oil pressure gauge
indicates no oil pressure. Shut down the engine
3. Place the transmission in neutral. On vehicles if oil pressure does not build within approxi-
with manual transmissions, fully depress the mately ten seconds. Check to determine the
clutch pedal. cause of the problem. Operating the engine with
NOTE: Depending on local jurisdictional emis- no oil pressure will damage the engine.
sions regulations, vehicles and/or engines that 6. It is not necessary to idle the engine before en-
are domiciled outside of the U.S. and Canada gaging or starting the operation, but load should
10.1
Engine Starting, Operation, and Shutdown
be applied gradually during the warm-up period Once an engine is placed in service, the responsibil-
until the oil temperature reaches 140F (60C). ity for meeting both state and local regulations is with
the owner/operator.
7. Apply load gradually during the warm-up period.
IMPORTANT: Depending upon local jurisdic-
NOTICE tional emissions guidelines, vehicles that are
domiciled outside of the U.S. and Canada may
If the oil pressure gauge indicates no oil pres- not have engines and/or emissions aftertreat-
sure, shut down the engine within approximately ment systems that are compliant with EPA07,
ten seconds to avoid engine damage. EPA10, GHG14, or GHG17 regulations.
8. Check the oil pressure gauge for any drop in lu-
bricating oil pressure or mechanical malfunction NOTICE
in the lubricating oil system. Minimum oil pres-
sure at idle is 7 psi (50 kPa). It is extremely important that the following guide-
lines be followed for engines that comply with
Cold-Weather Starting EPA07 or newer regulations, or damage may
occur to the aftertreatment device, and the war-
See the engine manufacturers operation manual for ranty may be compromised.
starting aids that are approved for specific engines.
Use ultralow-sulfur diesel with 15 ppm sul-
Starting After Extended Shutdown fur content or less.
Before engine start-up, complete the engine pretrip Do not use fuel blended with used engine
inspections in Chapter 21. lube oil or kerosene.
Use only engine lube oil with a sulfated ash
NOTICE level less than 1.0 wt%; currently referred
to as CJ-4 oil.
Failure to eliminate water-diluted lubricating oil Adequate maintenance of the engine and the diesel
may lead to serious engine damage at startup. particulate filter (DPF) are the responsibility of the
An engine in storage for an extended period of time owner/operator, and are essential to keep the emis-
(over winter, for example) may accumulate water in sion levels low. Good operating practices, regular
the oil pan through normal condensation of moisture maintenance, and correct adjustments are factors
on the internal surfaces of the engine. Oil diluted by that will help keep emissions within the regulations.
water cannot provide adequate bearing protection at The driver should be familiar with the vehicle warning
start-up. For this reason, change the engine oil and system in order to bring the vehicle to a safe stop if
filters after extended storage. the engine malfunctions. If the driver doesnt under-
stand how the warning system works, an engine
Engine Operation shutdown could occur, causing a safety hazard. See
Chapter 11 for more information.
Safety and Environmental
Considerations Engine Break-In
Each engine must pass a full-load operating test on
WARNING a dynamometer before shipment, thereby eliminating
the need for a break-in. Before running the engine
Do not operate the engine in an area where flam- for the first time, follow the instructions in the manu-
mable vapors such as gasoline or diesel fumes facturers engine operation manual.
are present. Shut off the engine when in an area
where flammable liquids or gases are being
handled. Failure to observe these precautions
could result in serious injury or death.
All engines on Freightliner vehicles comply with the
requirements of the Federal (U.S.) Clean Air Act.
10.2
Engine Starting, Operation, and Shutdown
10.3
Engine Starting, Operation, and Shutdown
High-Altitude Operation
Engines lose horsepower when operated at high alti-
tude because the air is too thin to burn as much fuel
as at sea level. This loss equals about three percent
for each 1000 ft (300 m) altitude above sea level for
a naturally aspirated engine.
All engines used on Freightliner vehicles are altitude-
compensated by the use of a turbocharger. This re-
duces smoky exhaust at high altitudes, requires less
downshifting, and allows the engine to make better
use of its fuel. Nevertheless, shift gears as needed to
avoid excessive exhaust smoke.
Engine Shutdown
1. With the vehicle stopped, set the parking brake
and place the transmission in neutral.
NOTICE
Idle the engine one to two minutes before shut-
ting it down. After hard operation, shutting down
the engine without idling may cause damage to
the turbocharger.
2. Allow the engine to idle one to two minutes be-
fore shutting it down. This allows the lubricating
oil and the coolant to carry heat away from the
combustion chambers, bearings, shafts, and
seals.
NOTICE
Except in an emergency, do not shut down the
engine when the coolant temperature is above
194F (90C). To do so could damage the engine.
3. Turn off the ignition switch and shut down the
engine.
10.4
11
Optional Engine Systems
Engine ProtectionWarning and Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1
Engine Idle Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2
Power Takeoff (PTO) Governor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2
Optimized Idle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2
Optional Engine Systems
Engine ProtectionWarning
and Shutdown
CHECK STOP
NOTE: The engine warning and shutdown sys-
tem is present on EPA07-compliant and newer
vehicles.
1 2 3
The driver should be familiar with the vehicle warning 07/09/2009 f611036
system in order to bring the vehicle to a safe stop if 1. Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
necessary. If the driver doesnt understand how the 2. CHECK Engine Lamp
warning system works, the driver may not be able to 3. STOP Engine Lamp
utilize the advantage of the advance warning system
to pull over appropriately. Fig. 11.1, Engine Warning Lamps
The engine will begin a warning and derate and/or Do not operate the vehicle further until the problem
shutdown process if the engine coolant temperature, causing the shutdown has been corrected.
coolant level, engine oil pressure, or exhaust after- Some vehicles may have a shutdown override
treatment system (ATS) reach preset levels. On switch, which can be used to momentarily override
some engines, the warning process will begin when the shutdown sequence. This switch resets the shut-
the engine oil temperature, engine coolant tempera- down timer, restoring power to the level before the
ture, or the intake air temperature reach preset lev- derate. The switch must be pressed again after five
els. Detroit engines may also begin the warning seconds to obtain a subsequent override. See
and shutdown process if water is detected in the fuel.
Fig. 11.2.
See the engine manufacturers operation manual for
specific details for your vehicle. See Chapter 12 for
the warning and shutdown modes associated with
the ATS.
OVRD
Electronic engine protection can be specified as ei-
ther SHUTDOWN or WARNING and DERATE.
WARNING
ENG
When the STOP engine or CHECK engine lamp SHDN
illuminates, most engines are programmed to
shut down automatically within 30 seconds. The
driver must immediately move the vehicle to a 02/26/2007 f610900
safe location at the side of the road to prevent
Fig. 11.2, Shutdown Override Switch
causing a hazardous situation that could cause
bodily injury, property damage, or severe damage
to the engine. NOTICE
In SHUTDOWN mode, the red STOP engine lamp
When the derate process begins, immediately get
will illuminate when the problem is serious enough to
the vehicle serviced in order to prevent severe
reduce power or speed. See Fig. 11.1. Engine power
damage to the engine.
will ramp down, then the engine will shut down if the
problem continues while in derate mode. The driver Detroit engines may begin a warning and derate pro-
has 30 or 60 seconds (depending on the critical fault cess if water is detected in the fuel, or for high en-
type) after the STOP engine lamp illuminates to gine coolant temperature. In WARNING and DER-
move the vehicle safely off the road. If the vehicle ATE mode, the CHECK engine, STOP engine, or MIL
cannot be moved to a safe location within that time, lamp will illuminate to indicate an engine problem
turn the ignition switch to OFF for at least five sec- that requires service and the engine controls will
onds, then restart the engine. Repeat this action until begin a derate of engine output. Continuing to run
the vehicle is safely off the road. the engine while it is in derate mode could cause
severe damage to the engine.
11.1
Optional Engine Systems
Engine Idle Limiting Engine power takeoffs (PTO) tap into engine power
to run auxiliary devices, such as hydraulic pumps
Idle Shutdown Timer that power additional equipment. The following are
general guidelines for operating a PTO.
This feature is an optional 1- to 100-minute idle shut-
down system. Its purpose is to conserve fuel by 1. Set the parking brake and put the transmission in
eliminating excessive idling, and allowing a turbo- neutral.
charger cool-down period. Idle shutdown timing and 2. Press the dash PTO switch. Release the switch
parameters are programmable. See the engine when the light begins to blink.
manufacturers operation manual for specific details
for your vehicle. When the light illuminates steadily, the PTO is
engaged and ready to operate. In stationary
The idle shutdown system requires that the transmis- mode, the vehicle must remain in neutral with the
sion be in neutral with the parking brake set. parking brake set.
California Engine Idle Limiting 3. To activate mobile mode, shift from neutral to
reverse, 1st, or 2nd gear. The clutch will open
In order to meet the California Air Resources Board and the PTO will disengage for a moment.
(CARB) engine idle limit, vehicles are equipped with
an engine idle shutdown feature. The automatic shut- 4. Touch the accelerator pedal to close the clutch
down feature is required on all California-certified and engage the PTO in mobile mode. The PTO
engines (with the exception of engines used in spe- may be operated with the transmission in neutral
cific vehicle types that are exempt from the require- or reverse, and 1st and 2nd gears only.
ment). Owners that wish to have the shutdown fea- NOTE: Do not attempt to change gears while
ture disabled on vehicles operating in California the vehicle is moving. The transmission will ig-
should consult with California authorities to determine nore the request.
if their vehicle qualifies for the exemption.
5. To deactivate mobile mode, bring the vehicle to a
When the CARB engine idle limiting feature is en-
stop. The clutch will open and shut down power
abled, the engine will typically shut down after five
to the PTO.
minutes of continuous idling with the transmission in
neutral or park, and the parking brake set. It will also 6. To resume stationary mode, shift to neutral. The
shut down after 15 minutes with the transmission in PTO will engage.
neutral or park, and the parking brake off. See the
engine manufacturers operation manual for specific 7. To deactivate PTO, press the PTO switch again.
details for your vehicle. When the light in the switch goes out, power to
the PTO is shut off.
Changing the position of the brake pedal, clutch
pedal, accelerator pedal, shutdown override switch,
or parking brake during the final 30 seconds will
Optimized Idle
cause the shutdown timer to reset. After an auto- Optimized Idle reduces engine idle time by running
matic shutdown, the engine may be restarted and the engine only when required. Optimized Idle auto-
operated normally. matically shuts down and restarts the engine as
needed to ensure engine oil temperature remains
Power Takeoff (PTO) Governor within factory preset limits, the batteries stay
charged, and cab/sleeper temperature remains at the
thermostat setting. The benefits of the system in-
WARNING clude reduced engine idle time, fuel savings, reduc-
tion of exhaust emissions and noise, increased
To avoid injury, do not install a PTO that is not starter and engine life, and reduced chance of dead
Detroit Diesel approved onto a Detroit Trans- batteries.
mission. Use of a non-Detroit Diesel approved
PTO with a Detroit Transmission could result in Vehicles equipped with Optimized Idle have a label
unintended operation which could lead to severe on the dash, and a telltale (OPT IDLE) in the ICU.
personal injury. See Fig. 11.3 for the dash label detail. If equipped, a
thermostat is located above the sleeper bunk. See
Fig. 11.4.
11.2
Optional Engine Systems
11.3
Optional Engine Systems
2. Activate thermostat mode, if equipped. If the engine is not running: Start the en-
gine. Release the parking brakes or put
NOTE: When the system is in thermostat the transmission into gear.
mode, it is also in engine mode. It will con-
tinue to operate in engine mode even if ther- 4.2 Let the engine return to base idle. The
mostat mode is turned off. active light will turn off. Optimized Idle is
now disabled.
2.1 With the system in engine mode, set the
cab and sleeper heater or air conditioner
controls to the highest setting.
2.2 Turn on the thermostat by touching any of
the four buttons. See Fig. 11.4.
The display will flash the current sleeper
temperature and the previous mode (cool-
ing or heating) selected. If the cab needs
to be cooled or heated, the cool/heat icon
will flash.
2.3 Choose either cool or heat by pressing the
Cool/Heat button. Make sure the selection
matches that of the cab controls.
IMPORTANT: If the heat or cool selection of
the thermostat does not match that of the
cab controls, the system will idle and cycle
excessively.
2.4 Select Fahrenheit or Celsius by pressing
and holding the MODE button until either
the "F" or "C" is displayed.
2.5 Select the temperature set point by press-
ing the up or down arrows, as applicable.
Holding the button will cause the display
to scroll up or down rapidly. When the de-
sired set point is displayed, release the
button. The set point is stored in memory.
2.6 Select the temperature comfort zone by
pressing the MODE button until the upper
and lower temperature limit icon is dis-
played. Then use the up or down arrow to
select one of the three comfort zones: 4F
(2C), 7F (4C), or 10F (6C).
3. To deactivate thermostat mode and return to just
engine mode, press and hold the MODE button
for three seconds.
4. To shut down Optimized Idle completely, either
turn off the ignition or use the drive away feature.
The drive away feature allows the use of all the
engine features. Use the drive away feature as
follows:
4.1 If the engine is running: Release the park-
ing brakes or put the transmission in gear.
11.4
12
Emissions and Fuel Efficient
Components
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Fuel Consumption Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1
EPA-Regulated Emissions Aftertreatment Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1
Diesel Exhaust Fluid and Tank, EPA10 and Newer Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Do not use fuel blended with used engine
lube oil or kerosene.
and Fuel Consumption Engine lube oil must have a sulfated ash
Standards level less than 1.0 wt %; currently referred
to as CJ-4 oil.
Vehicles and/or engines manufactured after Decem-
ber 31, 2006 and domiciled in the U.S. or Canada IMPORTANT: Using non-specification fuels or
are required to meet all EPA and NHTSA regulations oils can lead to shortened diesel particulate filter
effective as of the vehicle build date. Engines manu- (DPF) cleaning or replacement intervals. For
factured between January 1, 2007 and December 31, example, using CJ-4+ oil with 1.3% sulfated ash
2009 meet EPA07 requirements. Engines manufac- (30% more ash content) may result in the need
tured between January 1, 2010 and December 31, for DPF cleaning or replacement 20 to 30%
2012 meet EPA10 requirements. Engines manufac-
sooner than would normally be required.
tured from January 1, 2013 meet NHTSA and EPA
2014 fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emission IMPORTANT: See the engine manufacturers
standards (GHG14) requirements. Engines manufac- operation manual for complete details and op-
tured from January 1, 2016 meet NHTSA and EPA eration of the ATS.
2017 fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emission
standards (GHG17) requirements. EPA07 Engines
Model year 2013 and later vehicles meet additional
Engines built between January 1, 2007 and Decem-
requirements as specified by GHG14 requirements.
ber 31, 2009 are required to meet EPA07 guidelines
Model year 2017 and later vehicles meet similar re-
for reduced exhaust emissions of particulate matter
quirements as specified by GHG17 requirements.
and nitrogen oxides (NOx). NOx is limited to just
These vehicles are equipped with components that
over 1 gram per brake horsepower hour (g/bhp-hr),
increase fuel efficiency and reduce GHG emissions.
and particulate matter cannot exceed 0.01 g/bhp-hr.
Components may include, but are not limited to, low-
rolling resistance tires; aerodynamic devices such as The EPA07 ATS varies according to engine manufac-
hood, cab/sleeper extenders, and fuel tank fairings; turer and vehicle configuration, but the exhaust muf-
vehicle speed limiter; and idle shutdown timer. If re- fler is replaced by an aftertreatment device (ATD).
placement of any drag-reducing component is re- Inside the ATD, the exhaust first passes over the die-
quired, the replacement component must meet or sel oxidation catalyst (DOC), then passes through
exceed the drag reduction performance of the origi- the diesel particulate filter (DPF), which traps soot
nally installed component in order to maintain compli- particles. The soot is burned to ash during a process
ance with GHG14 and GHG17 requirements. called regeneration (regen).
12.1
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
the selective catalyst chamber to yield nitrogen and prevent the start of a regen, press the lower half of
water vapor, which exit through the tailpipe. the switch. Regen is then delayed until the switch is
no longer active.
Regeneration NOTE: The regen switch can initiate a parked
The harder an engine works, the better it disposes of regen only when the DPF lamp is illuminated.
soot. If the exhaust temperature is high enough, a
process called passive regeneration (regen) occurs
as the vehicle is driven normally. However, if the en-
gine isnt running hot enough, the electronic controls
may initiate an active regen, whereby extra fuel is
injected into the exhaust stream to superheat and
reduce the soot trapped in the DPF to ash. Active 2
regen happens only when the vehicle is moving 1
above a certain speed, determined by the engine
manufacturer. See your engine operation manual for NO
complete details. Both active and passive regen hap- RGEN
pen automatically, without driver input.
02/08/2012 f611157
WARNING 1. Regen Request 2. Regen Inhibit Switch
Switch
Active regeneration can occur automatically any-
time the vehicle is moving. The exhaust gas tem- Fig. 12.1, Regen Request and Inhibit Switches
perature could reach 1500F (800C), which is hot
enough to cause a fire, heat damage to objects
or materials, or personal injury to persons near WARNING
the exhaust outlet. The exhaust temperature can
remain high even after the vehicle has stopped. During parked regen, exhaust temperatures are
When stopping the vehicle shortly after an auto- very high and could cause a fire, heat damage to
matic regen, ensure the exhaust outlets are di- objects or materials, or personal injury to per-
rected away from structures, trees, vegetation, sons near the exhaust outlet.
flammable materials, and anything else that may Before initiating a parked regeneration, make cer-
be damaged or injured by exposure to high heat. tain the exhaust outlets are directed away from
See Regen Switches, below, for instructions on structures, trees, vegetation, flammable materi-
preventing automatic regen if necessary. als, and anything else that may be damaged or
injured by prolonged exposure to high heat.
When operating conditions do not allow for ATD filter
cleaning by active or passive regen, the vehicle may To initiate a parked regen, perform the following
require a driver-activated parked regen. When this steps.
occurs, the DPF lamp illuminates, indicating that a 1. Park the vehicle away from all flammable materi-
regen is required. The driver must either bring the als, put the transmission in neutral, and set the
vehicle up to highway speed to increase the load parking brake.
(thus starting an active regen), or park the vehicle
and initiate a parked regen. See Regen Switches, 2. Start and warm the engine until the coolant tem-
below, for instructions on initiating a parked regen. perature is at least 150F (66C).
3. Lift the regen request switch guard and press
Regen Switches and hold the yellow button for five seconds. As
The regen request switch, located on the dash, is the regen process is initiated, engine rpm in-
used to initiate a parked regen. See Fig. 12.1. To creases and the HEST lamp illuminates to indi-
access the regen request switch, lift the guard and cate extremely high exhaust temperatures.
press the yellow button. IMPORTANT: The driver must remain with the
Some vehicles may be equipped with a regen inhibit vehicle during the entire regen cycle.
switch. See Fig. 12.1. To stop a regen in progress or
12.2
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
4. The regen cycle will finish after 20 to 60 minutes, parked regen is in progress, and the engines high
at which time engine idle speed drops to normal idle speed is being controlled by the engine software,
and the vehicle can be driven normally. The not the vehicle driver.
HEST lamp is extinguished when vehicle speed
Steady illumination of the HEST lamp alerts the
exceeds 5 mph (8 km/h) or the system has
driver of high exhaust temperature during the regen
cooled to normal operating temperature.
process if the vehicle speed is below 5 mph (8 km/
5. To stop a parked regen at any time during the h), or during a parked regen. See Fig. 12.6.
process:
depress the clutch pedal, brake pedal, or
Maintenance
accelerator pedal; Authorized service facilities must perform any DPF
press and hold the regen inhibit switch until service. For warranty purposes, maintain a record
idle returns to normal; that includes:
12.3
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
IMPORTANT
DPF Regen Needed Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
1
regeneration is needed.
If flashing, regenerate as soon as
possible. Engine derate possible.
2
Hot Exhaust Hot exhaust can cause fire.
Keep flammables and people away
from exhaust.
3
DEF Refill Needed Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) level is
low. Engine derate likely.
DEF
Refill tank with certified DEF.
11/30/2010 f080161
DEF supply lines with engine model year 2013 and The lower portion of the gauge has a DEF warning
newer are designed to survive freezing conditions lamp that illuminates amber when the DEF tank is
while containing DEF, so purging is not required. near empty, and a lightbar that indicates the level of
DEF in the tank. The DEF light bar illuminates as fol-
DEF Tank lows.
Engines that are compliant with EPA10 and newer Four bars illuminated greenBetween 75%
regulations are equipped with a DEF tank located on and 100% full
the drivers side of the vehicle behind the battery box Three bars illuminated greenBetween 50%
or forward of the fuel tank. See Fig. 12.7 and and 75% full
Fig. 12.8. The DEF tank has a 19 mm filler neck inlet
that prevents the hose from a diesel outlet from Two bars illuminated greenBetween 25%
being inserted, and has a blue cap for easy and 50% full
identification. One bar illuminated greenBetween approxi-
mately 10% and 25% full
Fuel/DEF Gauge
One bar illuminated amberDEF very low, re-
The diesel fuel and DEF levels are measured in a fill DEF
dual-purpose gauge. See Fig. 12.9.
One bar flashing redDEF empty, refill DEF
Fuel level is indicated at the top of the gauge. Below
the fuel level, a low fuel warning lamp illuminates
amber when the fuel level drops below 1/8th of the
capacity.
12.4
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
For a driver performed Parked Regeneration, vehicle must be equipped with a dash mounted Regeneration Switch.
06/29/2009 f080147
Fig. 12.4, Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Fig. 12.6, HEST Lamp
12.5
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
12.6
Emissions and Fuel Efficient Components
E F E F E F
1 E F E F E F
2
A B C
11/08/2010 f611037
A. Green barsDEF level indicators C. One bar flashing redDEF empty, refill DEF
B. One bar illuminated amberDEF very low, refill DEF
1. Low Fuel Warning Lamp 2. DEF Warning Lamp
Fig. 12.9, Fuel/DEF Gauge
A A
B B
11/08/2010 f470539a
NOTE: MIL illuminates. CHECK engine lamp illuminates
if Cummins ISB or ISC/L engine. Engine power is lim-
ited.
A. DEF Warning Lamp (flashing)
B. DEF Lightbar (one bar flashing red)
Fig. 12.11, DEF Empty Warning
12.7
13
Brake Systems
Air Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1
Meritor WABCO Antilock Braking System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.3
Engine Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5
Brake Systems
Air Brake System After correcting the brake system problem, uncage
the spring parking brakes before resuming normal
Brake System General Information vehicle operation.
A dual air brake system consists of two independent Primary Air Brake System
air systems that use a single set of brake controls.
Each system has its own reservoirs, plumbing, and Loss of air pressure in the primary air system causes
brake chambers. The primary system operates the the rear service brakes to become inoperative. The
service brakes on the rear axle; the secondary sys- secondary air system will continue to operate the
tem operates the service brakes on the front axle. front brakes and the trailer brakes (if equipped).
Service brake signals from both systems are sent to
the trailer. Secondary Air System
Loss of air pressure in the secondary air system
WARNING causes the front axle brakes to become inoperative.
The primary air system will continue to operate the
Do not operate the vehicle with the front brakes rear service brakes and the trailer brakes (if
backed off or disconnected. Backing off or dis- equipped).
connecting the front brakes will not improve ve-
hicle handling and may lead to loss of vehicle Brake System Operation
control, resulting in property damage or personal
injury. Before driving your vehicle, allow time for the air
compressor to build up a minimum of 100 psi (689
Brake System Components kPa) pressure in both the primary and secondary
systems. Monitor the air pressure system by observ-
The warning light and buzzer come on if air pressure ing the air pressure gauges and the low-air-pressure
drops below approximately 70 psi (483 kPa) in either warning light and buzzer. The warning light and
system. If this happens, check the air pressure buzzer shut off when air pressure in both systems
gauges to determine which system has low air pres- reaches approximately 70 psi (483 kPa).
sure. Although the vehicles speed can be reduced IMPORTANT: Before driving the vehicle, secure all
using the foot brake control pedal, either the front or loose items in the cab so that they will not fly forward
rear service brakes will not be operating at full ca- during a full brake application. Make sure all passen-
pacity, causing a longer stopping distance. Bring the gers are wearing seat belts.
vehicle to a safe stop and have the air system re-
paired before continuing. During normal brake stops, depress the foot brake
control pedal until braking action slows down the ve-
IMPORTANT: In the event of a total loss of ser- hicle. Increase or decrease the pressure on the
vice brakes with full system air pressure, use pedal so that the vehicle comes to a smooth, safe
the parking brake control valve (yellow knob) to stop. Apply the spring parking brakes if the vehicle is
bring the vehicle to a complete stop in the saf- to be parked.
est location possible.
IMPORTANT: An air brake proportioning system
Before a vehicle with insufficient system air pressure may be used in tractor air brake systems when
can be moved, the spring parking brakes must be the vehicle is not equipped with antilock braking
released by applying an external air source at the system (ABS). When operating in bobtail mode,
gladhands, or by manually caging the parking brake the rear brake chambers (on which the axle
springs.
load has been greatly reduced) receive reduced
(proportional) air pressure, while the front axle
WARNING brake chambers receive full (normal) air pres-
sure. This results in a different brake pedal
Do not release the spring parking brakes and
then drive the vehicle. There would be no means
"feel," as the pedal seems to require more travel
of stopping the vehicle, which could result in se- and/or effort to slow or stop the vehicle. How-
rious personal injury or vehicle damage. Before ever, the air brake proportioning system actually
releasing the spring parking brakes, make the improves vehicle control when the tractor is in
connection to a towing vehicle or chock the tires. bobtail mode. When the tractor is towing a
13.1
Brake Systems
WARNING
If a trailer or combination vehicle is not equipped
with spring parking brakes, do not park it by pull-
ing out only the trailer air supply valve knob.
This would apply only the trailer service brakes. 10/17/2001 f610591
If air were to bleed from the trailer brake system,
the trailer brakes would release, possibly causing Fig. 13.1, Trailer Brake Lever
an unattended runaway vehicle.
Pull the trailer air supply valve out before disconnect-
ing a trailer or when operating a vehicle without a
NOTICE trailer. If pressure in both air systems drops to 35 to
45 psi (242 to 310 kPa), the trailer air supply valve
Never apply the service and spring parking automatically pops out, exhausting the trailer air sup-
brakes simultaneously. To do so transmits exces- ply, and applying the trailer service or spring parking
sive input force to the brake components, which brakes.
could damage or cause eventual failure of brake
actuating components.
Brake Controls 1
2
The trailer brake lever (hand control valve) is used
for applying the trailer brakes without applying the
truck or tractor service brakes. It is usually mounted
on the right-hand control panel. See Fig. 13.1. The
valve can be partially or fully applied, but in any par-
tially on position it will be overridden by a full applica-
tion of the service brake pedal. Moving the lever 03/10/99 f610291
down applies the trailer brakes, while moving it up 1. Trailer Air-Supply-Valve Knob
releases the trailer brakes. The lever will automati- 2. Parking-Brake-Valve Knob
cally return to the up position when it is released.
Fig. 13.2, Brake Valve Knobs
WARNING The yellow diamond-shaped knob in the control
panel actuates the parking brake valve. See
Do not use the trailer service brakes for parking; Fig. 13.2. Pulling out the parking brake valve applies
they are not designed for this purpose. If air both the tractor and trailer spring parking brakes and
bleeds out of the trailer air tank during parking, automatically causes the trailer air supply valve to
the vehicle could roll, causing serious personal pop out.
injury or property damage.
The red octagonal-shaped knob in the control panel NOTICE
actuates the trailer air supply valve. See Fig. 13.2.
After the vehicles air hoses are connected to a Do not use the spring parking brakes if the ser-
trailer and the pressure in both air systems is at least vice brakes are hot, such as after descending a
65 psi (448 kPa), the trailer air supply valve must be steep grade. To do so could damage the brakes.
pushed in. It should stay in to charge the trailer air Allow hot brakes to cool before using the spring
supply system and to release the trailer spring park- parking brakes.
ing brakes.
13.2
Brake Systems
Do not use the spring parking brakes during all times, and controls wheel speed during emer-
freezing temperatures if the service brakes are gency stops.
wet. To do so could cause them to freeze. If the
brakes are wet, drive the vehicle in low gear and IMPORTANT: For proper ABS system operation,
lightly apply the brakes to heat and dry them. do not change tire sizes. The sizes of the tires
installed during production are programmed into
If the trailer is not equipped with spring parking the electronic control unit. Installing different-
brakes, pulling out the parking brake valve applies sized tires could result in a reduced braking
the tractor spring parking brakes and the trailer ser-
force, leading to longer stopping distances.
vice brakes. When the tractor and trailer parking
brakes (or trailer service brakes) are both applied, ABS includes signal-generating tone wheels and sen-
the trailer brakes are released by pushing in the sors located in the wheel hubs of each sensed
trailer air supply valve, leaving the tractor parking wheel. The sensors transmit vehicle wheel speed
brakes applied. Air pressure in the primary or sec- information to an electronic control unit (located be-
ondary reservoir must be at least 65 psi (447 kPa) hind the center dash). The control units main circuit
before the tractor spring parking brakes, or the trailer interprets the speed sensor signals and calculates
service or spring parking brakes, can be released. wheel speed, wheel retardation, and a vehicle refer-
ence speed. If the calculations indicate wheel lockup,
Automatic Slack Adjusters the main circuit signals the appropriate modulator
valve to reduce braking pressure. During emergency
Automatic slack adjusters should never be manually braking, the modulator valve alternately reduces, in-
adjusted except during routine maintenance of the creases, or maintains air pressure supply in the
foundation brakes (e.g., replacing shoes), during brake chamber to prevent front and rear wheel
slack adjuster installation, or in an emergency situa- lockup.
tion.
The electronic control unit (ECU) also has a safety
When the brake pushrod stroke exceeds the legal
circuit that constantly monitors the wheel sensors,
brake adjustment limit on a vehicle, there is likely a
traction control valve (if equipped), modulator valves,
mechanical problem with the foundation brake com-
and the electrical circuitry.
ponents or the adjuster is improperly installed.
Visit a repair facility as soon as possible when The Meritor WABCO ABS combines one front-axle
brakes equipped with automatic slack adjusters are control channel with one rear-axle control channel to
determined to be out of adjustment. form one control circuit. For example, the sensor and
modulator valve on the left-front axle form a control
circuit with the sensor and modulator valve on the
WARNING right-rear axle. If, during vehicle operation, the safety
circuit senses a failure in any part of the ABS, the
Manually adjusting an automatic slack adjuster to tractor warning lamp (TRACTOR ABS) illuminates
bring the pushrod stroke within legal limits is and the control circuit where the failure occurred is
likely masking a mechanical problem. Adjustment switched to normal braking action. The remaining
is not a repair. Before adjusting an automatic control circuit will retain the ABS effect. Even if the
slack adjuster, troubleshoot the foundation brake ABS is completely inoperative, normal braking ability
system and inspect it for worn or damaged com- is maintained. An exception would be if a modulator
ponents. Improperly maintaining the vehicle brak- valve (or combination modulator valve) is damaged
ing system may lead to brake failure, resulting in and inoperative. As these components are an integral
property damage, personal injury, or death. part of the air brake system, normal braking may be
impaired or inoperative.
Meritor WABCO Antilock During emergency or reduced-traction stops, fully
Braking System depress the brake pedal until the vehicle comes to a
safe stop. Do not pump the brake pedal. With the
The Meritor WABCO Antilock Braking System (ABS) brake pedal fully depressed, the ABS will control all
is an electronic wheel speed monitoring and control wheels to provide steering control and a reduced
system that works with the standard air brake sys- braking distance.
tem. ABS passively monitors vehicle wheel speed at
Although the ABS improves vehicle control during
emergency braking situations, the driver still has the
13.3
Brake Systems
responsibility to change driving styles depending on will be located on the dash. Pressing the switch will
existing traffic and road conditions. For example, the temporarily allow more drive wheel spin. The activa-
ABS cannot prevent an accident if the driver is tion of the deep snow and mud option is indicated by
speeding or following too closely. a flashing WHEEL SPIN lamp. Pressing the switch
again will cycle the system back to normal operation.
Trailer ABS Compatibility
The Meritor WABCO ABS is designed to communi- NOTICE
cate with a trailer ABS, if they are compatible. Com-
patibility will result in the illumination of the TRAILER The deep snow and mud option is intended to be
ABS lamp during vehicle start-up and fault detection. used under specific slippery conditions that re-
quire momentary increased wheel spin. Using
The TRAILER ABS lamp will not illuminate unless a this option for an extended period of time may
compatible trailer is connected to the tractor. The damage the vehicle brake system.
dash-mounted lamp will operate as follows when a
compatible trailer is properly connected to the tractor: After the ignition switch is turned on, the TRACTOR
ABS lamp and the WHEEL SPIN indicator lamp
When the ignition key is turned to the ON posi- come on for about three seconds. After three sec-
tion, the TRAILER ABS lamp will illuminate mo- onds, the warning lights go out if all of the tractors
mentarily, then turn off. ABS components are working.
If the lamp illuminates momentarily during ve- IMPORTANT: If any of the ABS warning lights
hicle operation, then shuts off, a fault was de- do not work as described above, or come on
tected and corrected. while driving, repair the ABS immediately to en-
If the lamp illuminates and stays on during ve- sure full antilock braking capability.
hicle operation, there is a fault with the trailer
ABS. Repair the trailer ABS system immedi- ECAS Automatic Load Transfer
ately to ensure full antilock braking capability. (ECAS only)
IMPORTANT: If a compatible trailer is con- On vehicles equipped with Electronically Controlled
nected, and the lamp is not illuminating momen- Air Suspension (ECAS), ECAS works in conjunction
tarily when the ignition key is turned to the ON with ABS. When wheel slippage is detected by the
position, it is possible that the lamp is burnt out. ABS, the ECAS system transfers weight from the tag
axle to the drive axle by changing air pressures in
Automatic Traction Control the suspension air bellows, increasing drive wheel
traction.
Vehicles with electronic engines and ABS may have
Automatic Traction Control (ATC). On these vehicles, The ECAS Load Transfer feature is optimized to
the ATC system automatically limits wheel spin dur- apply the maximum available vehicle load on the
ing reduced-traction situations. In normal braking ap- drive axle, up to the maximum allowable limit, deter-
plications, the standard air brake system is in effect. mined by the gross axle weight rating (GAWR). In
bobtail or with a loaded trailer less than the GAWR,
An additional solenoid valve is installed. During the tag axle supports a negligible load while the drive
reduced-traction situations, the ATC solenoid valve axle supports nearly the full weight. Above the
controls air pressure to the modulator valves and GAWR, the drive axle is loaded with approximately
they in turn increase, hold, or reduce pressure to the the maximum allowable load and the tag supports
appropriate brake chambers to provide better traction the remainder.
whenever wheel spin occurs.
On vehicles equipped with the ICU4Me, when Load
When the ATC system is in the NORMAL mode, it Transfer mode is active, "Load Transfer" will display
will apply gentle braking to the spinning wheel, to in the message field of the driver message center.
feed power to the wheel(s) with better traction. If See Figure 13.3.
both wheels are spinning, the system will signal the
engine to reduce power. Load transfer mode will automatically deactivate
when the vehicle reaches 45 mph (72 kmh).
ATC includes a deep snow and mud option to in-
crease available traction on extra soft surfaces like
snow, mud, or gravel. A rocker switch labeled ATC
13.4
Brake Systems
13.5
Brake Systems
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11
IDLE
OPT 2 OPT 4 OPT 5 OPT 6 MGMT OPT 9
BRAKE
12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
05/07/2012 f611094
1. Engine Brake 11. Trailer ABS 18. Left-Turn Signal
2. Optional 12. Low Engine Oil Pressure 19. Low Battery Voltage
3. Wait To Start 13. High Coolant Temperature 20. Water In Fuel
4. Check Transmission 14. Unfastened Seat Belt 21. Driver Message Center
5. Optimized Idle 15. Park Brake On 22. High Beams On
6. CHECK Engine 16. Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 23. Brake Air
7. STOP Engine Status 24. Cruise Control On
8. Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) 17. High Exhaust Temperature 25. Right-Turn Signal
9. Vehicle ABS (HEST)
10. Transmission Overheat
Fig. 13.4, ICU3 Message Center (typical)
NOTE: Depending on the brake type, the engine the cruise control set activates Deceleration
brake may be disabled when engine tempera- Mode. Setting the cruise control while the en-
ture falls below a set level. gine brake is on activates Descent Control
The engine brake control depends on vehicle con- Mode. For information on these modes, see
figuration. On some vehicles, there is an engine "Cruise Control" in Chapter 5.
brake (ENG BRK) switch located in the right-hand On vehicles equipped with an engine brake switch in
pod on the steering wheel that is used to turn the the right-hand pod on the steering wheel, operate the
engine brake on and off, and an engine brake level engine brake after the engine is warmed up and the
switch on the dash used to set the intensityhigh, vehicle is in motion, as follows:
medium, or low. See Fig. 13.5 and Fig. 13.6.
1. Remove feet from both the clutch and accelera-
On vehicles equipped with a column-mounted Detroit tor pedals.
multifunction control, the engine brake is controlled
by the lever position, as shown in Fig. 13.7. At the 2. Press the upper half of the on/off switch (see
top position, the engine brake is off, and at the three Fig. 13.5) to turn the engine brake on. The en-
lower positions, the engine brake is on and the inten- gine brake will engage at the rate last set on the
sity (low, medium, high) increases with each step engine brake intensity switch and the engine
down. brake lamp will illuminate.
NOTE: On vehicles equipped with a Detroit mul-
tifunction control, setting the engine brake with
13.6
Brake Systems
5. To cancel the engine brake application, press the Fig. 13.7, Engine Brake Positions, Detroit Multifunction
lower half of the on/off switch. Control
ON/
OFF +
ACC/ MRKR
INT
RES
CNCL
DEC/ ENG
SET BRK
06/15/2007 f462049a
HI
LO
ENG
BRK
05/02/2007 f610905
13.7
14
Manual Transmissions and
Hydraulic Clutch
Eaton Fuller 13-Speed and 18-Speed Splitter and Range-Shift Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1
Eaton Fuller 10-Speed Range-Shift Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3
Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
Eaton Fuller 13-Speed and 18- control button (located on the side of the shift knob)
controls gear splits.
Speed Splitter and Range-Shift Low gear in the front section is used only as a start-
Transmissions ing ratio. The remaining four forward positions are
used once in the low range and once in the high
Refer to the Eaton website for additional information, range. However, each of the four high range gear
www.roadranger.com. positions can be split with the underdrive ratio (RT
models), or overdrive ratio (RTO models) of the split-
General Information, Eaton Fuller ter gear. Ratios cannot be split while the transmis-
Splitter and Range-Shift sion is in low range.
Combination splitter and range-shift transmissions 18-Speed RTLO Splitter and Range-Shift
allow the choice of two splitter ratios in each lever Models
position as well as the additional ratio provided in
each lever position after shifting to the other range. Eaton Fuller 18-speed transmissions have 18 forward
speeds and four reverse speeds. These transmis-
IMPORTANT: Not all lever positions are used in sions consisting of a 5-speed front section and a
each range and the shift patterns vary between 3-speed auxiliary section. The auxiliary section con-
transmissions. Be sure to read the shift pattern tains low and high range ratios, plus an overdrive
decal on the dash for the operating instructions splitter gear.
for the specific transmission installed in your ve-
One ratio in the front section (low) is used as a start-
hicle.
ing ratio; it is never used when the transmission is in
high range. Low gear can be split to provide both a
13-Speed RTLO Models direct and an overdrive ratio.
Eaton Fuller 13-speed transmissions have thirteen
The other four ratios in the front section are used
forward speeds and two reverse speeds. Each trans-
once in low range and once again in high range;
mission consists of a 5-speed front section, and a
however, each of the five ratios (low1234) in low
3-speed auxiliary section. The auxiliary section con-
range and each of the four ratios (5678) in high
tains low- and high-range ratios, plus an overdrive
range can be split with the overdrive splitter gear.
splitter gear. See Fig. 14.1 for the shift pattern.
All of the 18 speeds are controlled with one shift
Hi 5 5 7 7 1 lever. A range preselection lever and a splitter control
R Dir OD Dir OD button are built into the shift knob. The range prese-
Lo 1 3 lection lever controls range selection and the splitter
control button (located on the side of the shift knob)
A controls gear splits.
N
Operation, Eaton Fuller Splitter and
B
6 6 8 8 Range-Shift
LOW Dir OD Dir OD
2 4 C D IMPORTANT: The shifter knob has an interlock
03/13/96 f260044a
feature that prevents the splitter control button
A. High Range C. Overdrive (forward) from being moved forward when the range pre-
B. Low Range D. Direct Drive (rearward)
selection lever is down (in low range); when in
1. Splitter Control Button
high range and the splitter control button is in
Fig. 14.1, Eaton Fuller 13-Speed Transmission Shift the forward position, the range preselection
Pattern lever cannot be moved down.
All of the 13 speeds are controlled with one shift 1. When operating off-road, or under adverse condi-
lever. A range preselection lever and a splitter control tions, always use low gear when starting to move
button are built into the shift knob. The range prese- the vehicle forward.
lection lever controls range selection and the splitter
14.1
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
When operating on-highway, with no load, or 2. Position the range preselection lever down, into
under ideal conditions, use 1st gear when start- low range. See Fig. 14.2.
ing to move the vehicle forward.
For all conditions, use the highest gear that is 1
5 5 7 7
still low enough to start the vehicle moving with Dir OD Dir OD
the engine at or near idle speed, and without R 1 1 3 3
Dir OD Dir OD
slipping the clutch excessively.
A
2. Use the clutch brake to stop gear rotation when N
shifting into low (or 1st) or reverse when the ve- 6 6 8 8
hicle is stationary. The clutch brake is actuated LOW LOW
Dir OD Dir OD B
Dir OD 2 2 4 4
by depressing the clutch pedal all the way to the Dir OD Dir OD
floor. C D
03/13/96 f260157a
For normal upshifts and downshifts, only a partial A. High Range C. Overdrive (forward)
disengagement of the clutch is necessary to B. Low Range D. Direct Drive (rearward)
break engine torque. 1. Splitter Control Button
3. Use double-clutching between all upshifts and
Fig. 14.2, Eaton Fuller 18-Speed Transmission Shift
downshifts that require movement of the shift Pattern
lever. Splitting of the high range gears does not
require movement of the shift lever. 3. Make sure the splitter control button is in the di-
4. Never move the shift lever into low gear while in rect (rearward) position. See Fig. 14.2.
high range. 4. For 13-speed transmissions:
5. Never move the splitter control button while in Press the clutch to the floor, shift into low or 1st
neutral. gear; then engage the clutch, with the engine at
6. Do not preselect with the splitter control button; or near idle speed, to start the vehicle moving.
after moving the control button, complete the Accelerate to 80 percent of engine governed
shift immediately. speed.
14.2
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
Continue upshifting through the shift pattern. 8th); single-clutch during split shifts (6th direct to
Double-clutch during lever shifts (1st to 2nd to 6th overdrive, etc.).
3rd to 4th); single-clutch during split shifts (1st
direct to 1st overdrive, etc.). Downshifting
6. When in 4th gear (13-speed transmissions) or 1. Downshift from 8th overdrive to 8th direct without
4th overdrive (18-speed transmissions) and moving the shift lever. Flip the splitter control but-
ready to shift up to 5th gear, use the range shift ton to the direct (rearward) position, then imme-
lever as follows: diately release the accelerator, and disengage
the clutch. Engage the clutch, and accelerate the
For 13-speed transmissions:
engine only after the transmission has shifted.
While in 4th gear, pull the range shift preselec-
tion lever up, into high range. The transmission 2. Start the downshift from 8th direct to 7th over-
will automatically shift from low to high range as drive by flipping the splitter control button to the
the shift lever passes through neutral. Then, dis- overdrive (forward) position; then, immediately
engage the clutch; double-clutch through neutral; double-clutch through neutral, moving the shift
move the shift lever to 5th gear; engage the lever from 8th to 7th gear.
clutch, and accelerate the engine. 3. Shift downward through each of the high range
For 18-speed transmissions: gears, alternating the procedures in steps 1 and
2, above, until reaching 5th direct.
While in 4th overdrive, pull the range shift prese-
lection lever up, into high range. The transmis- 4. While in 5th direct and ready for the downshift to
sion will automatically shift from low to high 4th (13-speed transmissions) or 4th overdrive
range as the shift lever passes through neutral. (18-speed transmissions), push the range prese-
lection lever down. Then, double-clutch through
Move the shift lever, double-clutching, to the 5th neutral and move the shift lever to the 4th gear
gear position. Just before making final clutch en- position. On 18-speed transmissions, move the
gagement, move the splitter control button to the splitter control button to the overdrive (forward)
direct (rearward) position; then engage the clutch position beforeengaging the clutch. Do not move
and accelerate. Do not move the control button the control button while the shift lever is in neu-
while the shift lever is in neutral. tral.
7. Shift up through the high range gears as follows: 5. Continue downshifting from 4th to 1st as follows:
For 13-speed transmissions: For 13-speed transmissions:
To shift from 5th direct to 5th overdrive, move the Downshift through the low range gears as condi-
splitter control button (Fig. 14.1) into the over- tions require.
drive (forward) position, then immediately release
the accelerator. Press and release the clutch For 18-speed transmissions:
pedal. After releasing the clutch, accelerate Continue downshifting from 4th overdrive to 4th
again. direct, then 4th direct to 3rd overdrive, 3rd over-
Continue upshifting through the shift pattern. drive to 3rd direct, etc. Single-clutch when split
Double-clutch during lever shifts (6th to 7th to shifting (direct to overdrive, overdrive to direct).
8th); single-clutch during split shifts (6th direct to Double-clutch when making lever shifts (4th to
6th overdrive, etc.). 3rd, 3rd to 2nd, etc.).
For 18-speed transmissions: IMPORTANT: Never use the clutch brake when
To shift from 5th direct to 5th overdrive, move the downshifting, or as a brake to slow the vehicle.
splitter control button (Fig. 14.2) into the over-
drive (forward) position, then immediately release Eaton Fuller 10-Speed Range-
the accelerator. Press and release the clutch
pedal. After releasing the clutch, accelerate
Shift Transmissions
again. Refer to the Eaton website for additional information,
Continue upshifting through the shift pattern. www.roadranger.com.
Double-clutch during lever shifts (6th to 7th to
14.3
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
14.4
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
14.5
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
clutch continues to slip, repeat the procedure. If nec- moving, depress the clutch pedal all the way to the
essary, repeat the procedure up to five times. If the floor plate (see "Using the Clutch Brake") and shift
clutch slips after five attempts, stop the vehicle. Allow from neutral to a low gear. Slowly raise your foot until
the clutch to cool for at least one hour. Notify your the clutch starts to engage. In this position the clutch
Freightliner dealer of the problem. is starting to connect the transmission input shaft to
the flywheel and is causing the most heat and wear.
CAUTION Slightly increase the engine speed and smoothly
allow the clutch pedal to return to its at rest position.
Do not allow sustained slippage of the clutch; Do not allow the clutch to remain in the partially en-
this could severely damage the clutch disc, pres- gaged position any longer than necessary to obtain a
sure plate, or flywheel. Damage caused by clutch smooth start.
slippage due to improper break-in is not warrant- To shift gears while the vehicle is moving, push the
able. clutch pedal most of the way (but not all of the way)
to the floor plate. Shift the transmission into neutral
Moving the Vehicle in the Proper Gear and fully release the clutch pedal. If upshifting, wait
An empty truck can be started in a higher transmis- long enough for the engine speed to decrease to the
sion gear than can a partially or fully loaded truck. A road speed. If downshifting, increase the engine
good rule of thumb for the driver to follow is to select speed to match the road speed. Again, push down
the gear combination that allows the vehicle to start the clutch pedal part way and then move the shift
moving with an idling engine, or, if necessary, just lever to the next gear position. Fully release the
enough throttle to prevent stalling the engine. After clutch pedal after completing the shift.
the clutch is fully engaged, the engine can be accel- Slightly depressing the clutch pedal while driving is
erated to the correct rpm for the upshift into the next damaging to the clutch, because partial clutch en-
higher gear. gagement causes slippage and heat. Resting your
foot on the clutch pedal will also put a constant thrust
Gear Shifting Techniques load on the release bearing, thinning the bearing lu-
Shift into the next higher gear when the vehicle bricant and increasing the wear on the bearing.
speed allows the transmission input shaft speed to
match the flywheel speed when engaging the clutch. Using the Clutch Brake
This technique results in the smallest speed differ- The clutch brake is applied by depressing the clutch
ence between the clutch disc and the flywheel and pedal past the fully released clutch position, almost
causes the least heat and wear on the clutch assem- to the floor plate. The last part of the clutch pedal
bly. When downshifting, the input shaft speed must travel will compress the clutch brake plates together,
be increased by slightly revving the engine to match stopping the transmission input shaft. The purpose of
the flywheel speed for smooth clutch engagement. the clutch brake is to stop the transmission gears
For transmission operating instructions, refer to the from rotating in order to quickly engage a transmis-
transmission headings in this manual. sion gear after idling in neutral.
Vehicle Loading
CAUTION
Clutches are designed for specific vehicle applica-
tions and loads. These weight limitations should not Never apply the clutch brake when the vehicle is
be exceeded. moving. If the clutch brake is applied when the
vehicle is moving, the clutch brake will try to
CAUTION stop or decelerate the vehicle, causing rapid
wear of the clutch brake friction discs. Consider-
Exceeding vehicle load limits can not only result able heat will be generated, causing damage to
in damage to the clutch, but can also damage the the release bearings and the transmission front
entire powertrain. bearings.
14.6
Manual Transmissions and Hydraulic Clutch
hill. Slipping the clutch on a hill to maintain the ve- above the "min" mark. Use only heavy-duty brake
hicle position will quickly damage the clutch assem- fluid, DOT 4, in the clutch hydraulic system.
bly.
Coasting
Coasting with the clutch pedal depressed and the
transmission in a low gear can cause high driven
disc speed. The clutch speed can be much higher
under these conditions than when the engine is driv-
ing the clutch. This condition creates a hazardous
situation due to the lack of vehicle control and due to
the high clutch disc speed. Engaging the clutch
under these conditions can cause component dam-
age because of the shock loads to the clutch and
drivetrain.
WARNING
Always shift into the gear that is correct for the
traveling speed of the vehicle and engage the
clutch. Coasting with the clutch disengaged can 06/05/2007 f250664
prevent engagement of the correct transmission
gear which can cause loss of vehicle control, Fig. 14.4, Clutch Fluid Reservoir
possibly resulting in personal injury or property
damage.
High clutch disc speeds while coasting can also
cause the clutch facing to be thrown off the disc.
Flying debris from the clutch can cause injury to
persons in the cab.
Clutch Maintenance
Clutch Adjustment
Eaton Fuller Solo clutches are adjustment-free. As
the clutch wears, its wear-adjusting technology moni-
tors clutch components and makes any necessary
adjustments. The wear adjusting technology comes
from two sliding cams, which rotate to maintain the
proper adjustment. Atop the upper cam, a wear indi-
cating tab mirrors the cams movement, letting you
know when its time to replace the clutch.
CAUTION
Operating the vehicle with incorrect free pedal
could result in clutch damage.
14.7
15
Automated Transmissions
Detroit Automated Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.1
Freightliner SmartShift Shift Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5
Eaton Fuller UltraShift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5
Eaton Fuller AutoShift Automated Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.10
Eaton Fuller UltraShift PLUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.13
Automated Transmissions
Detroit Automated 4
Transmissions
Detroit transmissions have twelve forward gears and 3
up to four reverse gears that can be shifted automati-
cally or manually. Shifting and clutch actuation are
computer controlled, and there is no clutch pedal
needed to operate the vehicle. Automatic shifts are
selected for fuel economy or engine power. Manual
shifts can be requested with the shift control and the A 1 2
transmission ECU grants them when conditions per-
mit. In all cases, shifts depend on the following fac-
tors: engine speed, accelerator pedal position, ser-
vice brake usage, engine brake operation, vehicle
load status, and road conditions.
NOTE: To avoid potential engine stall risk or un-
expected shifting, use the interaxle differential
lock when the vehicle is operated in slippery ()
conditions. See Chapter 16 for information
about the interaxle differential lock.
B (+)
Detroit Multifunction Control
Vehicles with Detroit transmissions use the control
shown in Fig. 15.1. This control can be used to re-
quest manual shifts, change driving mode, and set
engine brake levels. See Table 15.1 for an overview
of control functionality.
D/N/R Switch
Use the "D/N/R Switch" to request drive (D), neutral
(N), or reverse (R).
Mode Switch
The driving mode can be changed using the Mode
switch on the shift control (see Fig. 15.1). To activate
the manual drive mode, press and hold the switch
C
briefly. Press the switch quickly to activate the auto-
matic drive mode or change between Automatic 05/30/2012 f270163a
Economy and Automatic Performance modes. See Table 15.1 for a description of control functionality.
A. Front View
Upshifting and Downshifting B. Shift Requests
C. Four positions for engine brake settings
Gear shifts can be requested manually; push the 1. Engine Brake Symbol
lever away to request a downshift, or pull the lever 2. D/N/R Switch
toward you to request an upshift. See Table 15.1 for 3. Mode Switch
more information about upshift and downshift 4. Gear Shift Symbol
requests.
Fig. 15.1, Detroit Multifunction Control
15.1
Automated Transmissions
Engine Brake 2
The engine brake is controlled by the lever position
(as shown in Fig. 15.1, Ref. C). At the top position,
the engine brake is off, and at the three lower posi-
tions, the engine brake is on and the intensity (low,
1
5 N
70 F
A econ
medium, high) increases with each step down. For
more information about using the engine brake, see
Chapter 13. 07/23/2015 f611187
NOTE: Using the engine brake with cruise con- 1. Driving Mode
trol can be used to activate Descent Control 2. Current Gear
Mode or Deceleration Mode. For more informa- Fig. 15.2, Gear Display Window
tion, see "Cruise Control" in Chapter 5.
Driving Modes
Power Up and Shift into Gear
There are three driving modes: Manual, Automatic
1. With the parking brake set and Neutral (N) se- Economy, and Automatic Performance.
lected on the shift control, turn the ignition switch
In Automatic Economy mode, gear shifts are de-
to the ON position.
signed for saving fuel. In Automatic Performance
2. Start the engine. mode, gear shifts are designed for higher perfor-
mance and are made at higher engine speeds. In
3. Apply the service brake.
manual mode, gear shifts are requested manually.
4. Select the desired starting gear. See Chapter 5 for more information about upshifting
and downshifting using the control.
5. Release the parking brake.
NOTE: In Automatic Performance mode, the
6. Release the service brake and apply the accel-
transmission will automatically change to Auto-
erator.
matic Economy mode if it hasnt received a re-
Gear Display Window quest for more power in several minutes, unless
current road conditions require higher engine
The gear display window shows the current transmis- performance.
sion gear and driving mode. See Fig. 15.2.
15.2
Automated Transmissions
If the selected gear is different than the current gear vehicle acceleration rate is exceeded.
for longer than a half second, the current gear dis- the service brake pedal is pressed.
play will flash and the selected gear value will be
shown. Once the current gear and selected gear the engine brake is in use.
match, the selected gear display disappears and the cruise control brakes or accelerates.
current gear display stops flashing. See Fig. 15.3.
vehicle speed exceeds the cruise control set
2 speed by more than approximately 4 mph (6
km/h).
1
the speed limiter is active and the maximum
7 5 N
70 F
speed set is exceeded.
A econ diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration oc-
curs.
07/23/2015 f611188 The eCoast function cannot be deactivated when the
Automatic Economy mode is active.
1. Selected Gear
2. Current Gear NOTE: To disable eCoast, see an authorized
Fig. 15.3, Selected Gear Display
Freightliner service facility.
Suggested Shift
In Manual mode only, a suggested shift is displayed E N
70 F
to indicate the most economical gear available. The A econ
suggested shift is the number of up or down arrows
from the current gear with a maximum of three up or
down arrows. See Fig. 15.4. 07/23/2015 f611190
NOTE: Upshift and downshift arrows are not shown
2 when "E" is shown in the gear display window.
1
Fig. 15.5, eCoast Display
5 N
70 F Creep Mode
Manual Creep mode allows the vehicle to be maneuvered at
very slow speeds. To activate Creep mode for the
07/23/2015 f611189
first time within the current driving cycle, press the
accelerator pedal to launch the vehicle, thereby fully
1. Suggested Shift Arrows engaging the clutch. Following this and for the dura-
2. Current Gear
tion of the current driving cycle, Creep mode is ac-
Fig. 15.4, Suggested Shift tive.
Once the vehicle is stopped via the service brakes,
eCoast the vehicle will begin to creep again, without the ac-
celerator pedal actuation, as soon as the service
The eCoast feature can improve driving economy.
brakes are released.
When conditions permit, the transmission control au-
tomatically shifts the transmission to neutral to coast To begin using Creep mode (once active) from a
at speeds of approximately 22 mph (35 km/h) and parked position, shift from neutral to either drive or
above. An "E" shows in the gear display window reverse, release the service brakes, and briefly de-
when eCoast is in effect. See Fig. 15.5. press the accelerator pedal. The vehicles urge to
move can then be felt.
The eCoast function is not active when any of the
following occur: If creep is active and no acceleration is achieved
within five seconds, then Creep mode will abort. A
15.3
Automated Transmissions
display message notifies the operator when Creep To start moving on an uphill slope, use the ac-
mode is about to be aborted. celerator pedal and release the brakes as the
vehicle begins to move.
IMPORTANT: When slowing down from higher
speeds in drive or reverse, remember that When hooking up to a trailer, ensure the trailer
Creep mode will be in effect at lower speeds. is high enough to back under, and use first
Use the service brakes to stop the vehicle. gear reverse.
Avoid starting in higher gears, and start in first
Clutch Abuse Protection gear when a trailer is attached.
A vehicle equipped with a Detroit transmission does Ensure trailer brakes have had time to com-
not have a clutch pedal, but still has a clutch that is pletely release prior to starting.
operated automatically and can be damaged by abu-
Do not use Creep mode for an extended pe-
sive driver actions. To protect the clutch, the vehicle
riod. Stop or adjust the vehicle speed when
has a clutch abuse protection system that alerts the
warned to deactivate Creep mode.
driver and restricts functionality when needed. Ex-
tended periods in Creep Mode, slipping the clutch
(using the accelerator pedal to hold the vehicle on a Engine Overspeed Alerts
hill, for example), and high clutch temperatures can To help protect the engine, the system has display
activate the clutch abuse protection system. A display messages to notify the operator when the engine has
message notifies the operator when the protections exceeded certain thresholds and needs to be slowed
are needed. down before significant engine damage occurs.
There are two warnings, one at about 2400 rpm and
NOTICE another at 2500 rpm, indicated with messages and a
fault code.
To hold the vehicle stationary on an uphill slope,
use the service brakes, not the accelerator pedal. Low Transmission Air Warning
Using the accelerator pedal can overheat and
damage the clutch. To start moving, use the ac- Pneumatic controls are used to shift the transmis-
celerator pedal and release the brakes as the ve- sion. If there is inadequate air pressure, a warning is
hicle begins to move. displayed and the quality of gear shifts may be de-
graded. Wait for air pressure to build before operat-
There are three clutch abuse protection levels. At ing the vehicle.
each, the driver is alerted and functionality is modi-
fied; see Table 15.2. IMPORTANT: If the low transmission air warning
indicator appears while the vehicle is in opera-
To avoid clutch overheating, follow these tips:
tion, safely pull the vehicle off the road, and cor-
To hold the vehicle stationary on an uphill rect the problem.
slope, use the service brakes, not the accel-
erator pedal.
15.4
Automated Transmissions
15.5
Automated Transmissions
1
UltraShift DM TCU is powered up. Apply the ser-
vice brake and start the engine.
5. Select drive (D) by pressing in the neutral lock
2 button and moving the selector switch downward
to the position below neutral. Release the park-
ing brake. The gear is displayed on the current
gear indicator.
NOTE: When D is selected, the transmission
controller starts up in second gear. If desired,
the driver can select to start up in first. No other
start gear is available.
6. On a level grade, release the service brake and
press down on the throttle pedal to allow the ve-
hicle to move forward. The vehicle will not move
12/22/2003 f270079a until the pedal is depressed.
To know what gear the transmission is in, look at the
current gear indicator. WARNING
1. Current Gear Indicator
2. SmartShift Control When starting or stopping on hills and grades,
use extra care to prevent the vehicle from rolling
Fig. 15.7, Shift Controls and Indicators, UltraShift back. A rollback accident could cause death, seri-
Transmissions
ous personal injury, or property damage.
2. With the transmission in neutral, turn on the igni- 7. Prevent the vehicle from rolling backwards when
tion switch. The CHECK TRANS and TRANS stopped on a hill or grade, or when the vehicle is
TEMP telltale lights come on and go out again starting from a stop on a hill or grade.
(bulb check).
7.1 To start from a full stop on a hill or grade,
3. After the ignition is turned on, the current gear quickly move your foot from the brake
indicator shows the dot display, arranged in a pedal and press firmly on the throttle
square pattern. All dots in the pattern should light pedal.
up, without gaps or spaces. See Fig. 15.8.
On steep hills, set the parking brake, and
release it only when there is enough en-
gine power to prevent rollback.
7.2 To stop on a hill or grade, press and hold
the brake pedal to keep the vehicle from
moving.
On steep hills, set the parking brake.
When parking, chock the tires, front and/or
rear. Never hold a hill with the throttle
pedal. This will cause the clutch to over-
heat.
Power Down
10/13/2003 f610678 1. Apply the service brakes.
2. Select neutral (N) by pressing in the neutral lock
Fig. 15.8, Power-Up Dot Display
button and moving the selector switch to N.
4. Wait for the current gear indicator to show a solid When the N on the current gear indicator is solid,
N. When the N is solid, rather than flashing, the rather than flashing, the UltraShift DM TCU is
ready to power down.
15.6
Automated Transmissions
10/13/2003 f610680
NOTE: The gear indicator displays the current gear. In
this example, it displays first gear.
Fig. 15.10, Current Gear Display
15.7
Automated Transmissions
10/13/2003 f610679
WARNING
Do not coast in neutral. Coasting in neutral can
cause an accident, possibly resulting in severe
personal injury or death.
Neutral is always available during operation, what-
10/14/2003 f610681 ever the vehicle speed. When in neutral, requests to
upshift or downshift are ignored. If the selector switch
Fig. 15.11, Reverse Gear Display is moved from neutral to drive while the vehicle is
moving, the transmission will shift into a gear within
IMPORTANT: Under normal conditions, do not the engines operating speed range.
select reverse with the vehicle moving forward.
When shifting from neutral, always press on the
The vehicle must be moving at less than two miles brake pedal. If the brake pedal is not pressed, the
per hour (3 km/h) before selecting reverse. If reverse transmission will not shift, the current gear display
is selected when the vehicle is moving faster, an au- will flash N, and an audible alert will sound.
dible alert will sound and continue sounding at three-
second intervals until the control lever is returned to NOTE: To reset the transmission, return the se-
the D position or the vehicle slows to the proper lector switch on the SmartShift lever to N and
speed. attempt the shift again, this time with the brake
pedal pressed.
If necessary to rock the vehicle, use the selector
switch to shift back and forth at low speed between Before shutting down the engine, return the selector
reverse and drive. switch to N. When the ignition is turned off, the trans-
mission will reset to neutral in a few minutes regard-
Neutral less of the position of the shift lever.
IMPORTANT: Always start the engine with the Drive
transmission in neutral, the parking brake set,
Drive (D) is directly below N on the four-position se-
and the service brakes applied.
lector switch located at the end of the SmartShift
15.8
Automated Transmissions
control lever. To select D, press in the neutral lock No upshifts are available in low, except to prevent
button and move the selector switch to the position engine overspeed.
below N. When drive is selected, the number of the
If the transmission does not upshift quickly enough
currently selected forward gear (1 through 10) dis-
after power-up or a load change, begin the shift
plays on the gear indicator. See Fig. 15.10.
manually. The UltraShift DM TCU will learn the new
When in drive, requests to upshift or downshift are load-based shift conditions after three or four shifts.
enabled. Either manual or automatic mode can be
If the gear requested is unavailable, a tone will
selected on the slide switch.
sound. An unavailable request to upshift is not stored
Two starting gears are available, first and second. in memory. The upshift must be requested again.
The default starting gear is second, but first can be
selected by the driver, if desired. To change the start- Downshifting
ing gear, press the brake pedal and select D with the
vehicle stopped. The current gear indicator will dis- NOTE: The driver can manually downshift at
play the starting gear. Move the shift lever up or any time, even when the slide switch is set to
down until the desired starting gear is displayed. AUTO mode.
The UltraShift DM TCU adapts to the working condi- To request a downshift with the transmission in drive
tions of each vehicle and its driver. After power up or or low, push the control lever down (away from you).
a load change, it needs to learn the new conditions. If the gear is available, the transmission downshifts
While learning, it may hold a gear too long before and the new gear displays on the gear indicator. Skip
upshifting. Start the upshift manually. It may take shifts are available while downshifting.
three or four shifts before UltraShift succeeds in For best engine braking, select low while moving. In
learning the new load-based shift points, but after low, downshifts are performed at higher rpm than in
that it will handle the shifting automatically. drive.
Low IMPORTANT: If the engine is approaching over-
Low (L) is at the lower end of the four-position selec- speed, the UltraShift DM TCU will override the
tor switch located at the end of the SmartShift control current gear setting and upshift to prevent en-
lever. To select L, press in the neutral lock button gine damage.
and move the selector switch to the position below If the gear requested is unavailable, a tone will
D. sound. An unavailable request to downshift is not
When in low, the current gear is maintained. Re- stored in memory. The downshift must be requested
quests to upshift are not enabled. again.
IMPORTANT: If the engine is approaching over- When coasting to a stop, the UltraShift DM TCU may
speed, the UltraShift DM TCU will override the not finish the downshift until the driver presses down
current gear setting and upshift to prevent en- on the throttle pedal again.
gine damage. IMPORTANT: A downshift request can never
To enhance engine braking, downshifts are per- result in a shift into neutral, even if the vehicle is
formed at higher rpm than normal. in the drive position in the lowest possible gear.
If L is selected from neutral while stopped, the ve- Before starting down a hill, slow down. Downshift to
hicle starts up in first gear and stays there until the a speed that you can control without hard pressure
engine approaches overspeed. on the service brakes.
Before entering a curve, slow down to a safe speed.
Upshifting Downshift if necessary. This lets you use some
To request an upshift with the transmission in drive, power through the curve to help the vehicle be more
pull the control lever up (towards you). If the gear is stable on the turn. It also allows you to regain speed
available, the transmission upshifts and the new gear faster as you come out of the curve.
displays on the gear indicator. No skip shifts are
available while upshifting.
15.9
Automated Transmissions
The alerts continue until the clutch cools, the throttle 4. With the service brakes applied, release the
is released, or the clutch is fully engaged. parking brake.
5. Make sure the selector switch is in neutral and
System Problem turn on the ignition key. Do not attempt to start
In the event of a problem, do the following steps. the engine at this time.
1. Note the driving conditions at the time the prob- 6. If necessary to get the transmission to shift into
lem occurred. neutral, release the pressure on the brake pedal
slightly.
2. Record the status of the transmission at the time
of the problem (AUTO or MAN mode, gear set- 7. Once the UltraShift DM TCU reaches neutral, a
ting R, N, D, or L, current gear, engine speed, solid N will appear on the current gear indicator
etc.) and the vehicle will start. Make sure the service
brakes are applied and the parking brake is set.
3. Reset the system, using the procedure below.
If the current gear indicator continues to display a
Reset Procedure dash, contact an authorized Freightliner or Eaton ser-
vice facility.
Transmission operation can sometimes be restored
by doing the following reset procedure:
Eaton Fuller AutoShift
1. Stop the vehicle when it is safe to do so. Set the
parking brake. Automated Transmissions
2. Place the selector switch in neutral and turn off Refer to the Eaton website for additional information,
the ignition. www.roadranger.com.
3. Check all harness connectors as described in General Information, AutoShift
Chapter 21.
10-Speed RT/RTO Models
4. Wait at least two minutes with the engine shut
down. Eaton Fuller 10-speed AutoShift transmissions have
10 forward speeds and two reverse speeds. The
5. Restart the engine.
transmission consists of a 5-speed front section and
15.10
Automated Transmissions
WARNING
When starting or stopping on hills and grades, 10/13/2003 f610680
use extra care to prevent the vehicle from rolling NOTE: The gear indicator displays the current gear. In
back. A rollback accident could cause death, seri- this example it displays first gear.
ous personal injury, or property damage.
Fig. 15.13, Gear Display Module
The AutoShift system consists of the following com-
ponents: NOTE: In automatic drive mode, upshifts and
downshifts require no driver interaction. Move
The SmartShift control paddle on the steering
the selector switch to the drive (D) position, dis-
column. See Fig. 15.6.
engage the clutch to engage the gear selected,
The gear display module (Fig. 15.13) mounted engage the clutch and drive the vehicle. In
on the dashboard indicates the current gear manual shift mode, upshifts and downshifts re-
position or transmission status. The display quire either a pull upward or push downward on
also flashes the next gear to be engaged while the control.
the transmission is in neutral during a gear
change. Driver Message Center
The shifter mechanism performs shifts at the
Gear information is presented to the driver on the
front portion of the transmission. It preselects dash display. In automatic drive mode, the number of
the shift to neutral and completes the gear the forward gear currently engaged appears continu-
change after driver input. ally on the message display screen when in drive
The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) includes two (D). In manual shift mode, the current gear is dis-
controllers: a transmission ECU and a system played until a new gear is requested. When neutral
ECU. The transmission ECU controls all trans- (N) is engaged, "N" will appear on the message dis-
mission shift functions and the system ECU play screen. When reverse (R) is engaged, either
manages all vehicle interfaces for transmission "RL" or "RH" will appear on the message display
shift functions. screen.
An electronic range valve, controlled by the IMPORTANT: The information shown on the
transmission ECU, is used to perform range message display screen indicates the state of
shifts. the transmission only, not the state of the
SmartShift control.
Operation, AutoShift with SmartShift
Automatic and Manual Modes Neutral Position
Select neutral by sliding the selector switch to the
A two-position slide switch (forward driving mode
"N" position.
switch) is located near the end of the control
(Fig. 15.6). The switch positions are labelled MAN NOTE: Neutral is always available during opera-
(manual shift mode) and AUTO (automatic drive tion. When in neutral, upshift and downshift re-
mode). quests are ignored. If the mode selector switch
is moved from neutral (N) to drive (D) while the
15.11
Automated Transmissions
vehicle is moving, the transmission will shift into pulls will cause a skip shift when the next two
a gear causing the engine to go to a high torque higher gears are available and conditions are
level, under the engines rated torque. right.
2. To skip shift, move the control two times in less
WARNING than 1/2 second. The number of the gear en-
gaged will appear on the message display
Do not coast in neutral. Coasting in neutral can screen.
cause an accident, possibly resulting in severe
personal injury or death. NOTE: The Eaton Fuller AutoShift 18-speed
transmission is able to perform triple upshifts
Selecting a Starting Gear when the next three higher gears are available
1. In automatic mode, select drive (D) by sliding the and conditions are right. To triple-shift this trans-
selector switch downward to the next position mission, move the control three times in less
below the neutral position. than 1/2 second.
2. Disengage the clutch to engage the gear se- If a requested gear is not available, an audible
lected. Engage the clutch and drive the vehicle. warning will sound and the gear display module
will indicate that the gear is not available. An
Changing the Default Starting Gear unavailable requested upshift is not stored in
To select a starting gear other than the default start- memory. The upshift must be requested again.
ing gear, follow the instructions below.
Downshifting
1. Make sure the vehicle is stopped and in drive.
NOTE: With the transmission in drive (D) in the
2. In either automatic or manual mode, pull upward automatic mode, downshifts require no driver
on the control (to increase), or push downward interaction.
(to decrease). Each pull upward on the control
increases the starting gear by one gear, but no 1. With the transmission in drive in the manual
higher than fourth gear. mode, request a downshift by pushing downward
on the control. If the requested gear is available,
3. The number of the gear selected will flash on the the transmission will downshift.
message display screen until the driver engages
the clutch. This gear will be stored in memory as NOTE: A single, momentary push downward on
the default starting gear until either a different the control selects the next lower gear when it is
starting gear is selected by the driver or the en- available. Two consecutive, momentary down-
gine is shut down. ward pushes will cause a skip shift, when the
NOTE: The transmission may also be pro- next two lower gears are available and condi-
grammed so that it is not possible to select a tions are right.
starting gear other than the preprogrammed de- 2. To skip shift, move the control two times in less
fault starting gear. than 1/2 second. The number of the gear en-
gaged will appear on the message display
Upshifting screen.
NOTE: With the transmission in drive (D) in the NOTE: The Eaton Fuller AutoShift 18-speed
automatic mode, upshifts require no driver inter- transmission is able to perform triple downshifts
action. when the next three lower gears are available
1. With the transmission in drive in the manual and conditions are right. To triple shift this trans-
mode, request an upshift by pulling upward on mission, move the control three times in less
the control. If the requested gear is available, the than 1/2 second.
transmission will upshift.
If a requested gear is not available, an audible
NOTE: A single, momentary pull upward on the warning will sound and the gear display module
control selects the next higher gear when it is will indicate that the requested gear is not avail-
available. Two consecutive, momentary upward able. Unlike upshifting, an unavailable requested
15.12
Automated Transmissions
downshift is stored in memory and the shift will Using the Clutch
be made when the gear is available. The time
Use the clutch to start and stop the vehicle.
limit for this memory is a programmable param-
eter.
Eaton Fuller UltraShift PLUS
Start-Up Eaton Fuller UltraShift PLUS automated transmis-
1. With the parking brake applied, press the clutch sions use shift selection software and electric clutch
all the way down to the floor. actuation; a clutch pedal is not needed to operate the
vehicle. These transmissions use the four-position
2. Start the engine. SmartShift control (see Fig. 15.6) on the steering
3. Check to make sure the transmission is in neu- column to select mode, direction, neutral, low, and to
tral. make manual shifts. To know what gear the transmis-
sion is in, see the current gear indicator on the dash.
4. With the transmission in neutral, release the Forward shifts can be made either manually or
clutch. automatically.
NOTE: This allows the speed sensor on the
input shaft to get a reading. Power Up
5. Press down on the clutch again and release the NOTE: Engine cranking is delayed until the
parking brake. transmission power-up is complete and the gear
display shows a solid "N".
6. Select the desired starting gear.
1. With the parking brake set, turn the ignition
7. Release the clutch.
switch to the ON position.
Reverse 2. Start the engine.
1. To engage reverse (R), slide the selector switch 3. Apply the service brake.
upward to the next position above the neutral
position and disengage the clutch. NOTE: If the service brake is not applied while
selecting a starting gear, the initial start gear will
NOTE: AutoShift 10- and 18-speed transmis- not be found and the driver will need to select
sions have a dual-range reverse. Reverse low Neutral and press the service brake while se-
(RL) is the default reverse gear. lecting the desired mode.
2. Select reverse high (RH) by pulling upward on 4. Select the desired mode and starting gear. (Inap-
the control. propriate start gear selections are ignored to
NOTE: Reverse may be engaged below a pro- avoid damaging the transmission.)
grammable forward speed in order to rock the 5. Release the parking brake.
vehicle. If reverse is selected above the pro- 6. Release the service brake and apply the accel-
grammed forward speed, an audible warning will erator.
sound and a message indicating that the gear is
not available will appear on the message dis- Power Down
play screen.
1. Select Neutral on the shift control.
Low Gear Operation NOTE: If the gear display does not show a solid
Use low (L) when descending steep hills and using "N", neutral has not yet been obtained. Neutral
compression braking. Engine speed will be increased should always be reached before powering
by 200 rpm and shift points will be offset by 200 rpm. down an UltraShift PLUS, except in cases of
The efficiency of the exhaust brake will be maxi- emergency.
mized.
2. Set the parking brake.
3. Turn off the ignition, and shut down the engine.
15.13
Automated Transmissions
15.14
Automated Transmissions
Low (L) Use the service brakes and the Hill Start Aid
when launching on a grade.
Low (L) is at the lower end of the four-position selec-
tor switch located at the end of the SmartShift con- Minimize the time it takes to engage the clutch
trol. Use Low when wanting to maximize engine from rest.
braking and minimize the use of the brake pedalfor Do not use the throttle to hold the vehicle on a
example, when driving down long grades or when grade; use the service brakes.
coming to a stop. To select Low, press in the neutral
lock button and move the selector switch to the L Do not use the throttle to stop roll back on an
position. The lowest available start gear will be se- incline after Hill Start Aid disengages; use the
lected (the starting gear cannot be changed in Low). service brakes, and then relaunch.
If Low is selected while moving, the transmission will Do not continually start and stop, especially
not upshift (unless the system initiates a Low over- when loaded; use a lower gear or Creep Mode.
ride). The system will downshift at the earliest oppor-
tunity to provide maximum engine braking. Creep Mode
NOTE: If attempting to select a non-Neutral The Creep Mode function allows the vehicle to main-
mode without applying the service brakes, the tain a constant speed at engine idle without the
transmission will not shift into gear. To shift into driver holding the throttle pedal position. This mode
gear, select Neutral, apply the service brakes, is useful for very low-speed maneuvering and appli-
and select the desired mode again. cations where steady vehicle speed is required. The
vehicle speed is determined by the selected gear
Low Override ratio operating at governed low engine idle speed.
Any available gear may be selected, though the
The system is equipped with a Low override function. transmission will downshift or exit Creep Mode to
If the vehicle is being "back driven" (for example, de- prevent stalling if the engine lugs due to load condi-
scending a grade and vehicle speed exceeds engine tions.
speed) and the engine speed is excessively high, the
By default, Creep Mode can be activated while in
system will upshift automatically. Also, if the start
Manual Mode or Low. Eatons ServiceRanger diag-
gear is changed and it causes the engine to lug at
nostic software can be used to enable Creep Mode
takeoff, the system will override the current position
in Automatic Mode and/or Reverse.
and upshift.
Engaging Creep Mode
Clutch Abuse Protection
To engage Creep Mode:
Although a vehicle equipped with an UltraShift PLUS
uses an automated clutch, the clutch can still over- 1. Select Low or Manual Mode and the desired
heat and slip with improper use. The clutch abuse gear (while stopped or moving).
protection feature helps protect the clutch if the auto- 2. Apply the throttle pedal to accelerate the vehicle
mated clutch starts to overheat. When the clutch until the clutch is closed (engaged).
abuse protection feature initiates and sounds a warn-
ing tone, full clutch actuation must be completed 3. Release the throttle pedal. The vehicle will con-
quickly. If it is not completed quickly enough, the sys- tinue moving at governed low engine idle speed.
tem will either open the clutch (if the throttle pedal is
not being pressed) or close the clutch (if the throttle Exiting Creep Mode
pedal is being pressed). If the abuse continues, the To exit Creep Mode, apply the throttle pedal to accel-
system will open the clutch and take away throttle erate temporarily, or select a higher gear in Manual
control briefly to allow the clutch to cool down. Mode. (Creep Mode can be resumed in the selected
To protect the clutch: gear by releasing the throttle pedal.)
Select the lowest possible start gear for the NOTE: The transmission will exit Creep Mode if
application. the engine lugs 150 rpm below the governed
Use Creep Mode when appropriate. low engine idle speed. In this case, a lower gear
should be selected if available.
15.15
Automated Transmissions
15.16
Automated Transmissions
Coasting
When coasting to a stop on level terrain, the Ultra-
Shift PLUS system may not downshift into the lower
gears. It will select a gear after the throttle is applied.
15.17
16
Drive Axles
Differential Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1
Two-Speed Drive Axles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2
Drive Axles
Differential Locks speed, after leaving the poor road conditions. Let up
momentarily on the accelerator to allow the shift,
Tandem Drive Axles with Interaxle then resume driving at normal speed.
Differential Lock Driver-Controlled Differential Lock
An interaxle differential lock is standard on vehicles (DCDL)
equipped with tandem drive axles. It is driver-
actuated by means of a LOCK/UNLOCK control Some vehicles are equipped with a driver-controlled
valve switch located on the dash in the cab (see differential lock (DCDL) that is operated by a dash
Chapter 5 for more information about the switch). switch in the cab (see Chapter 5 for more informa-
Engagement can be at any speed, provided the tion about the switch). The differential lock provides
wheels are not slipping or spinning. A red indicator maximum traction for slippery conditions by forcing
illuminates when the interaxle differential lock is en- the wheels on a drive axle to rotate together. The
gaged. differential lock should be engaged when the vehicle
is stopped or moving at a low, constant speed and
In the UNLOCK position, there is differential action
the wheels are not spinning, slipping, or losing trac-
between the two axles. The differential compensates
tion. Do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h) when the dif-
for different wheel speeds and variations in tire size.
ferential lock is engaged.
Keep the interaxle differential unlocked for normal
driving on roads where traction is good. On tandem axles there are three possible DCDL op-
tions:
In the LOCK position, the interaxle differential is
locked out and the driveshaft becomes a solid con- Forward-rear carrier only
nection between the two axles. Power entering the
Rear-rear carrier only
forward axle is also transmitted straight through to
the rear axle, so both axles turn together at the same Both rear carriers.
speed. The LOCK position should be used when the
An indicator light comes on when the DCDL is en-
vehicle encounters poor traction conditions; however,
gaged. An optional buzzer can also be used to indi-
it also increases drivetrain and tire wear and should
cate DCDL engagement.
be used only when improved traction is required.
The DCDL provides maximum traction under slippery
Interaxle Differential Lockout Operation conditions. When the DCDL is engaged, the clutch
collar completely locks the differential case, gearing,
NOTICE and axle shafts together, maximizing traction of both
wheels and protecting against spinout. Under normal
Do not actuate the interaxle differential control traction conditions, do not engage the DCDL; operate
valve while the tires are slipping. Do not operate the axle with differential action between both wheels.
the vehicle continuously with the interaxle differ-
ential locked during extended good road condi- WARNING
tions. Using the IAD lock when wheels have good
traction can harm the axle, wear the tires exces- Be especially careful when driving under slippery
sively, and increases fuel consumption. Release conditions with the differential locked. Though
the IAD lock as soon as road conditions permit it. forward traction is improved, the vehicle can still
slip sideways, causing possible loss of vehicle
To lock the interaxle differential and achieve maxi- control, personal injury, and property damage.
mum pulling power when approaching slippery or
poor road conditions, move the lockout control valve Main Differential Lock Operation
to LOCK while maintaining vehicle speed, before en-
countering the poor road conditions. Let up momen-
tarily on the accelerator to engage the differential NOTICE
lock. Proceed over poor road conditions with caution.
Do not wait until traction is lost and the tires are The differential lock should be engaged when the
spinning before locking the interaxle differential. vehicle is stopped or moving at a low, constant
speed and the wheels are not spinning, slipping,
To unlock the interaxle differential, move the lockout or losing traction. Engagement at high speed or
control valve to UNLOCK while maintaining vehicle power can damage the axle(s).
16.1
Drive Axles
Do not permit rear wheels to spin freely for more Single Drive Axles with Traction
than ten seconds when traction is lost. Shift into
LOCK to prevent damage to interaxle and main Equalizer
differentials. Some single drive axles are equipped with a traction
To lock the main differential and obtain maximum equalizer that is a load-sensing, self-actuating fea-
traction under slippery conditions, move the control ture. A traction equalizer provides normal differential
switch to the lock position. action where traction is good. When one wheel be-
gins to spin faster than the other, clutch plates in the
NOTE: On some vehicles, the differential lock differential housing automatically engage, delivering
system is connected through the low speed power to both wheels. There is no operator control
range of the transmission. If this system is used, with this feature.
the transmission must be in the low speed A traction equalizer occasionally tends to slip in a
range for the differential to fully lock. jerking motion, producing irregular intervals of sharp
If the vehicle is moving, maintain a constant vehicle noises. This generally occurs when the vehicle is op-
speed while engaging the differential lock. Briefly let erating at low speeds on fairly sharp turns. This con-
up on the accelerator to relieve torque on the gear- dition is corrected by adding a friction modifier to the
ing, allowing the differential to fully lock. The indica- axle lubricant. This additive tends to reduce the static
tor light should come on and the buzzer should coefficient of friction to a value equal to, or lower
sound on vehicles so equipped. When the differential than, the sliding coefficient.
is fully locked, the turning radius will increase be- See Group 35 of the Cascadia Maintenance
cause the vehicle understeers. See Fig. 16.1. Drive Manual for additional information on friction modifiers
cautiously and do not exceed 25 mph (40 km/h). and when to add them to axle lubricants.
A CAUTION
Tire sizes on both rear wheels should be the
same on axles equipped with a traction equalizer.
If not, excessive wear may occur in the traction
B equalizer.
16.2
Drive Axles
Axle Shift Switch Abnormal Response: If the LED blinks for more than
30 seconds, the axle shift function/mechanism may
The axle shift switch is a two-position rocker switch not be operating correctly. Bring the vehicle to an
(Fig. 16.2) installed on vehicles with two-speed authorized Freightliner service facility for testing.
axles.
Axle Switch Interlock
NOTE: On vehicles with tandem drive axles,
there is an interlock that prevents an axle from
shifting speed whenever the interaxle lock is on.
If the axle shift switch is pressed when the interaxle
lock is on, the axle shift will not be completed. The
LED does the following:
AXLE If the LED is off, the LED comes on briefly and
SHIFT turns off again.
If the LED is on, it stays on.
06/12/2007 f610951
To complete the axle shift, turn off the interaxle lock
Fig. 16.2, Axle Shift Switch and press the axle shift switch again. If still needed,
the interaxle lock can then be reactivated.
To shift the axle from low speed to high speed, press
the top of the switch. To turn the axle shift off (switch
from high speed back to low speed), press the bot-
tom of the switch. When the axle has shifted speed,
the LED turns off.
When the panel lights are on, the AXLE SHIFT leg-
end is backlit in green.
IMPORTANT: If the LED in the switch begins to
blink during normal operation, when the switch
has not been activated, this indicates an error
condition. Bring the vehicle to an authorized
Freightliner service facility as soon as possible.
When the axle shift switch is pressed, three re-
sponses are possible: a normal response, a slow re-
sponse, and an abnormal response.
Normal Response: The LED in the switch blinks until
the axle shifts speed. At this point, the LED comes
on steady and stays illuminated. In normal operation,
the axle may shift so quickly that the blinking of the
switch is barely noticeable.
If operation of the switch is not possible for any rea-
son (interaxle lock is on, ignition is turned off, etc.),
the LED will stop blinking and turn off.
Slow Response: If operation of the switch is slowed
for any reason (by cold weather, low air pressure,
etc.), the switch will continue to blink until the axle
shifts. As in the normal response, the LED comes on
steady and stays illuminated.
16.3
17
Steering System
Power Steering System General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1
Power Steering Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1
Steering System
17.1
18
Fifth Wheels
Fifth Wheels, General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1
Fifth Wheel Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1
Fifth Wheel Uncoupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.4
Fifth Wheel Slide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7
Fifth Wheels
18.1
Fifth Wheels
NOTICE
A Attempting to couple at the wrong height may
cause improper coupling, which could result in
2 damage to the fifth wheel or kingpin.
5. Adjust the trailer height if required.
For a standard fifth wheel plate, the trailer
1 should contact the fifth wheel approximately 4 to
8 inches (10 to 20 cm) behind the fifth wheel
pivot. See Fig. 18.4.
For a low-lube fifth wheel plate, the fifth wheel
B must slide freely under the trailer, and the trailer
2 should contact the fifth wheel at the pivot. See
10/26/2010 f310110a Fig. 18.5.
NOTE: Make sure the safety latch is down when the
control handle is locked.
D
A. Unlocked B. Locked A
1. Safety Latch 2. Lock Control Handle C
B
1
2 10/28/2010 f311124
A. Fifth wheel must lift C. Ramps tilted down
trailer D. 4 to 8 inches
B. Adjust trailer height
Fig. 18.4, Trailer Connection Point, Standard Fifth
Wheel
18.2
Fifth Wheels
NOTICE
A
Always make sure the connection hanger keeps
the trailer air hoses and electrical cables posi-
09/10/2010 f311125 tioned so that they do not rub on anything. Rub-
A. Adjust trailer height B. Ramps tilted down bing may wear through hoses or cables, resulting
in air leaks, or exposed or broken wires, poten-
Fig. 18.5, Trailer Connection Point, Low-Lube Fifth tially affecting trailer brake or electrical systems.
Wheel
11. Charge the air brake system with air, checking
that the air connections do not leak.
WARNING
A visual inspection is required by law. Some im- WARNING
proper couplings can pass a pull test. Sound is
not reliable. Get out of the cab and look. Incor- Incorrect fifth wheel lock adjustment could cause
rect coupling could cause the trailer to discon- the trailer to disconnect, possibly resulting in se-
nect, possibly resulting in serious personal injury rious personal injury or death.
or death. 12. With the trailer wheels chocked and the brakes
8. Perform a coupling inspection, checking that set, check for clearance between the kingpin and
there is no gap between the bottom of the trailer the fifth wheel jaws by moving the tractor forward
and the fifth wheel, and that the kingpin is se- and backward against the locked kingpin. If slack
curely locked. See Fig. 18.6 is present, uncouple the trailer and have the fifth
wheel inspected and adjusted by a certified
When lockup has occurred, the fifth wheel con- technician.
trol handle moves to the locked position. Make
sure that the safety latch is down over the lock Jost Fifth Wheel Coupling
control handle to hold the control handle in the
locked position. (The safety latch will only rotate 1. Tilt the ramp down.
down if the operating rod is fully retracted in the 2. Open the kingpin locks. See Fig. 18.7.
locked position.) See Fig. 18.2 for Fontaine fifth
wheels. See Fig. 18.3 for Holland fifth wheels. 3. Back the vehicle close to the trailer, centering the
kingpin on the fifth wheel.
4. Chock the trailer wheels.
5. Connect the air lines and electrical cable.
6. Ensure that the red trailer air supply valve (trailer
brake) is pulled out, and that the trailer parking
A B brakes are set. See Chapter 5 in this manual for
09/10/2010 f311126 operation of the dash-mounted brake controls.
A. No gap between trailer B. Kingpin inside lock
and fifth wheel
18.3
Fifth Wheels
18.4
Fifth Wheels
OK OK
09/10/2010 f311127
upper rod back into the slot. See Fig. 18.9 Preparing the Trailer for Uncoupling
View D. The wheel is now ready for
coupling. Before using the air valve to unlock a fifth wheel
kingpin, prepare the trailer as follows.
6.3 Jost: Pull the retractable handle out, then
secure it in the open position with the 1. Apply the tractor and trailer parking brakes.
catch. See Fig. 18.7. 2. Chock the trailer rear wheels.
7. Release the tractor parking brake then drive out 3. Lower the trailer landing gear until the weight is
slowly, allowing the trailer to slide down the fifth removed from the fifth wheel.
wheel and pick-up ramps.
4. Disconnect the tractor-to-trailer air lines and elec-
Air-Actuated Uncoupling trical cable. Plug the air lines to prevent dirt or
foreign material from entering the lines.
An air-actuated kingpin release valve is optional with
all fifth wheels. See Fig. 18.10. Fontaine and Holland Fifth Wheels Air-
NOTE: In the event of an air system failure, air- Activated Kingpin Unlock
actuated kingpins can be manually released fol- 1. Verify that both the yellow parking-brake and red
lowing the instructions for manual unlocking. trailer-air supply knobs are out, the tractor and
trailer parking brakes are set, and that the trailer
WARNING is prepared for uncoupling.
NOTE: On Fontaine and Holland fifth wheels, if
Once the kingpin release valve has been pulled the tractor parking brake is not set, the air-
the kingpin lock is released. The vehicle MUST
actuated kingpin-release valve will not activate.
NOT be driven with the trailer until the trailer has
been uncoupled and coupled again. Failure to do 2. Pull and hold the kingpin release valve
so may result in separation of the trailer from the (Fig. 18.10) until the kingpin lock mechanism
tractor, possibly causing serious personal injury opens and locks in place.
or death.
3. Release the pull valve.
4. Release the tractor parking brake.
5. Drive out from under the trailer.
18.5
Fifth Wheels
1
4
A 2 C
B D
11/02/2010 f311133
A. Locked Position C. Lockset Position (upper rod resting against casting
B. Unlatched Position (safety indicator rotated towards the above slot)
rear of the fifth wheel) D. Open Position (ready for recoupling)
1. Safety Indicator 3. Upper Rod
2. Operating Rod 4. Plate Casting
Jost Fifth Wheels Air-Activated Kingpin 2. Release the tractor parking brake.
Unlock 3. Pull and hold the kingpin release valve, then
1. Verify that both the yellow parking-brake and red drive forward slowly.
trailer-air-supply knobs are out, the tractor and 4. After the trailer has slid down the fifth wheel and
trailer parking brakes are set, and that the trailer pick-up ramps, release the pull valve.
is prepared for uncoupling.
NOTE: With Jost fifth wheels, if the trailer park-
ing brake is not set the air-actuated valve will
not activate.
18.6
Fifth Wheels
10/26/2010 f611102
18.7
Fifth Wheels
WARNING
Check that the locking wedges have seated in the
slots. Failure to achieve complete lockup may
allow disengagement of the tractor from the
trailer, possibly resulting in serious personal in-
jury or death.
6. Apply the tractor parking brakes, then lock the
sliding member in position using one of the fol-
lowing methods:
6.1 Fontaine: Disengage the slide release
pull handle from the guide plate. The slide
release pull handle is spring-loaded in the
10/26/2010 f310050
locked position and will seek the locked
position when disengaged from the guide
Fig. 18.12, Releasing the Sliding Fifth Wheel, (Fontaine) plate. After the slide release pull handle
returns to the fully locked position, visually
5 and physically check the locking wedges
4 to make sure they are fully inserted into
the slots in the slide rails. Make sure the
handle is locked in position against the
6 guide plate.
3
6.2 Holland: Raise the operating rod so that it
8
is free to move inward. Make sure that the
3 lock pins have seated in the base plate
2 rail holes and the operating rod moves
1 7 into the locked position.
NOTE: The fifth wheel may need to be moved
slightly to enable the locking wedges to enter
10/26/2010 f310445 the fully locked position.
1. Baseplate 5. Slider Saddle Plate
2. Bolted Stop 6. Safety Latch Air Slide Operation
3. Baseplate Rail 7. Operating Rod
4. Fifth Wheel Mount 8. Operating Lever The slide feature may be operated with an air switch
mounted in the dash, that operates an air cylinder
Fig. 18.13, Sliding Fifth Wheel Manual Release, that locks and unlocks the slide. See Fig. 18.14.
(Holland Simplex)
18.8
Fifth Wheels
B
2
07/25/95 f310189
09/10/2010 f311131
1. Locking Wedge 2. Air Cylinder
A. Unlocked B. Locked
Fig. 18.15, Air-Operated Sliding Fifth Wheel (Fontaine
Fig. 18.16, Jost Sliding Fifth Wheel
shown)
2. Lower the trailer landing gear just enough to re- trailer, possibly resulting in serious personal in-
move the weight from the tractor. jury or death.
WARNING
Check that the locking wedges have seated in the
slots. Failure to achieve complete lockup may
allow disengagement of the tractor from the
18.9
19
Trailer Couplings
Air-Suspension Dump Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.1
Holland Trailer Coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.1
Trailer Couplings
19.1
20
Pre- and Post-Trip
Checklists
Periodic Inspections and Maintenance, General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1
Checklists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1
Fluids Added . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.2
Pre- and Post-Trip Checklists
20.1
Pre- and Post-Trip Checklists
the complete (Comp.) column to indicate a proce- Fluids Added During Inspection
dure has been performed.
Fluid Amount Added
Wheel Bearing Lubricant
Inspector Date
Engine Oil
Power Steering Fluid
Engine Coolant
Engine Compartment Comp. Windshield Washer Fluid
1 Windshield washer reservoir level Automatic Transmission
2 Air intake restriction indicator Fluid
3 Water evacuation components Hydraulic Clutch Fluid (DOT
4 Automatic transmission fluid level 4 brake fluid)
5 Water in fuel/water separator
6 Steering components
7 Serpentine drive belts
Inspector Date
Fluids Added
Use the following table to note any fluids that were
added during the inspection and maintenance proce-
dures.
20.2
21
Pre- and Post-Trip
Inspections and
Maintenance
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1
Daily Pretrip Inspection and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1
Weekly Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.9
Monthly Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.13
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
21.1
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
1
2
3
4
3
5
6
7
4 8 9
8
7
6
2
5
10/11/2005 A f421397
1. Clevis 6. Control-Arm Washers
2. Slack Adjuster and Nut
3. Clevis Pin 7. Anchor Strap Slot
4. Manual Adjusting Nut 8. Anchor Strap
5. Control Arm 9. Brake Chamber
Fig. 21.2, Haldex Automatic Slack Adjuster 9
1 10
01/31/2011 f422530
IMPORTANT: Wheel covers decrease drag force
as a vehicle moves, thereby improving fuel effi- 1. Grease Fitting (if 5. Clevis Pin (large)
equipped) 6. Clevis Pin (small)
ciency. If replacement of a wheel cover is nec- 2. Slack Adjuster 7. Actuator Rod
essary, the replacement cover must meet or ex- Housing 8. Boot
ceed the drag reduction performance of the 3. Brake Chamber 9. Manual Adjusting Nut
originally installed cover in order to maintain Pushrod 10. Camshaft Splines
compliance with greenhouse gas and fuel effi- 4. Clevis
ciency regulations (GHG14). Fig. 21.3, Meritor Automatic Slack Adjuster
1. If the vehicle was originally equipped with wheel tain the detachable view cover is centered on
covers, ensure all wheel covers are present. In-
the face cover, and the Velcro strips are
spect wheel covers for damage or wear. Remove
wheel covers from rear drive wheels, if equipped, pressed firmly in place.
prior to inspecting the tires and wheel compo- 2. Inspect each tire for the following:
nents.
valve stem caps on every tire, screwed on
NOTE: During wheel cover installation, ensure finger-tight
the V-notch in the liner inner retaining ring is
bulges, cracks, cuts, and penetrations
centered on the valve stem. The inner and outer
retaining rings should be uniformly aligned to oil contamination (petroleum derivatives will
each other and to the wheel rim. The outer re- soften the rubber and destroy the tire)
taining ring of the liner is equipped with two tread depthif tread is less than 4/32 inch
canvas flaps. When installing the face cover, (3 mm) on any front tire, or less than 2/32
make sure the cover retaining ring is inserted inch (1.5 mm) on any rear tire, replace the
between the two canvas flaps on the liner outer tire
retaining ring so that the Velcro strips line up debris lodged between duel tire sets
between the face cover and the liner. Make cer-
21.2
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
IMPORTANT: Low-rolling resistance (LRR) tires 4.1 Remove all dirt and debris from the as-
minimize wasted energy as a tire rolls, thereby sembly. Rust streaks or metal build-up
decreasing rolling effort and improving fuel effi- around stud holes, or out-of-round or worn
ciency. If tire replacement is necessary, replace- stud holes, may be caused by loose wheel
ment tires must meet or exceed the rolling resis- nuts.
tance of the originally installed tires in order to
maintain compliance with greenhouse gas and WARNING
fuel efficiency regulations (GHG14).
Have any worn or damaged wheel components
Contact your tire manufacturer/supplier to deter- replaced by a qualified person using the wheel
mine the rolling resistance of the originally in- manufacturers instructions and the wheel indus-
stalled tires. Visit www.epa.gov/smartway for trys standard safety precautions and equipment.
additional information and resources. Otherwise a vehicle or workshop accident could
occur, possibly resulting in serious personal in-
3. Check tire inflation. jury or death.
For inflation pressures and maximum loads, see 4.2 Inspect for broken, cracked, badly worn,
the tire manufacturers guidelines. Inflate the tires bent, rusty, or sprung rings and rims.
to the applicable pressures if needed.
If a tire has been run flat or under-inflated, check NOTICE
the wheel and tire for damage before adding air.
Keep compressed air reservoirs and lines dry Use the recommended torque values and follow
during tire inflation. Use well-maintained inline the proper tightening sequence. Insufficient
moisture traps and service them regularly. wheel nut torque can cause wheel shimmy, re-
sulting in wheel damage, stud breakage, and ex-
treme tire tread wear. Excessive wheel nut torque
WARNING can break studs, damage threads, and crack
discs in the stud hole area.
Do not operate the vehicle with underinflated or
overinflated tires. Incorrect inflation can stress 4.3 Make sure all wheel nuts are tightened. If
the tires and make the tires and rims more sus- tightening is necessary, use the tightening
ceptible to damage, possibly leading to rim or pattern in Fig. 21.4 to initially tighten the
tire failure and loss of vehicle control, resulting flange nuts to 50 to 100 lbfft (68 to 136
in serious personal injury or death. Nm). Then tighten the flange nuts to 450
to 500 lbfft (610 to 678 Nm).
NOTICE
1
A weekly pressure loss of 4 psi (28 kPa) or more 10 8
in a tire may indicate damage. The tire should be
inspected and, if necessary, repaired or replaced
by a qualified tire service facility.
3 6
IMPORTANT: The load and cold inflation pres-
sure must not exceed the rim or wheel manu-
facturers recommendations, even though the
tire may be approved for a higher load inflation.
5 4
Consult the rim or wheel manufacturer for the
correct tire inflation pressure for the vehicle
load.
7 9
4. Examine each rim and wheel component.
2
04/30/2007 f400268
21.3
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
5. Inspect the outboard side of all wheel hubs and Inspect upstream of the aftertreatment device
the hub oil seal area on the inboard side of each (ATD), if equipped, for cracking or signs of leaks,
wheel for signs of oil leakage. If any oil is found such as soot trails. Inspect downstream of the
on wheel and tire or brake components, remove ATD for signs of exhaust leaks, such as blister-
the vehicle from service until the leak has been ing or warping of nearby components.
fixed.
If needed, fill the hubs to the level indicated on Engine Compartment Inspection
the hub cap. See Group 35 of the Cascadia 1. Check the ground underneath the engine for fuel,
Maintenance Manual for recommended lubri- oil, or coolant leaks.
cants.
2. Inspect the air intake system for leaks or dam-
6. Check that mud flaps are undamaged and hang age.
10 inches (25.4 cm) or less from the ground.
21.4
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
02/05/2013 f500390
1 1. Pressure Relief Cap 4. COLD MIN Fill Line
2. Filler Cap 5. Coolant Level Sensor
3. COLD MAX Fill Line
Fig. 21.6, Coolant Surge Tank
21.5
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
3.1 Start the engine and ensure the BRAKE 25 psi (172 kPa), eliminate any leaks before op-
AIR lamp goes out and the buzzer si- erating the vehicle.
lences when pressure reaches approxi-
mately 70 psi (483 kPa) in both air reser- Maximum Allowable Air Leakage
voirs. Pressure Drop:
The air governor should cut out at ap- Description psi (kPa) Per Minute
proximately 120 psi (827 kPa). For ve- Released Applied
hicles with an optional dryer reservoir Truck or Tractor Only 2 (14) 3 (21)
module (DRM), the cut-out pressure is Truck or Tractor w/Single Trailer 3 (21) 4 (28)
approximately 130 psi (896 kPa). Truck or Tractor w/Two Trailers 5 (35) 6 (42)
3.2 With the engine idling, apply the brake Table 21.1, Maximum Allowable Air Leakage
pedal several times. The air governor
should cut in when pressure in the primary
air reservoir (top air gauge) reaches ap- WARNING
proximately 100 psi (689 kPa).
4. Check air pressure build-up time. When cleaning windshields and windows, always
stand on the ground or on a secure ladder or
4.1 With the air system fully charged, make platform. Use a long-handled window cleaner. Do
one full brake application and note the air not use the cab steps, tires, fenders, fuel tanks,
pressure reading on the primary air engine, or under-hood components to access the
gauge. windshield or windows. Doing so could cause a
4.2 Further reduce air pressure using moder- fall and result in an injury.
ate brake applications, then run the en- 7. Inspect the mirrors, window glass, and wind-
gine at governed rpm. shield for cracks or other damage.
4.3 Note the time that the pressure reaches 8. Ensure that the horn, windshield wipers, and
the previously noted reading on the pri- windshield washers are operating properly.
mary air gauge, then note the time that These devices must be in good working order for
the air pressure reaches cut-out pressure. safe vehicle operation.
4.4 If it takes longer than 30 seconds to reach 9. Ensure the heater and defroster are operating
cut-out pressure after the primary air properly.
gauge passes the previously noted pres-
sure (noted after one full brake applica- 10. Check the operation of all interior lights.
tion), eliminate any leaks or replace the air 10.1 Turn on the headlights and leave them on.
compressor before operating the vehicle. Ensure all equipped gauge bulbs illumi-
5. Check air leakage in the system. nate in the dash message center.
5.1 With the parking brake applied, the trans- 10.2 Ensure all equipped driver control
mission out of gear, and the air system switches illuminate.
fully charged, release the service brakes 10.3 Ensure both turn signal indicator bulbs
and shut down the engine. illuminate in the dash message center
5.2 Wait one minute and note the air pressure when the turn signal switch is activated.
drop in psi (kPa) per minute from the pri- 11. Check the operation of all exterior lights. See
mary air reservoir. Fig. 21.7.
If the pressure drop exceeds the limits 11.1 Activate the high-beam headlights and
shown in Table 21.1, eliminate any leaks hazard warning lights.
before operating the vehicle.
11.2 Exit the cab and check that all exterior
6. Check the air pressure reserve. lights and reflectors are clean and intact.
With the engine still off, make one full brake ap-
plication and observe the pressure drop on the
primary air gauge. If pressure drops more than
21.6
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
8
9
8
7
10
1
5
2
3 4
02/03/2012 f544971
1. High-Beam Headlight 6. Side Turn Signal and Marker Light
2. Fog Light, or Auxiliary High-Beam Light 7. Clearance Light
3. Low-Beam Headlight 8. Stop Light, Taillight, and Turn Signal
4. Marker Light 9. Back-Up Light
5. Turn Signal 10. Identification Light
11.3 Check that the brake lights, taillights, accident, and the seat belt system was in use,
headlights, turn signals, marker lights, the entire vehicle seat belt system must be re-
identification lights, and clearance lights placed before operating the vehicle. Do not at-
are working properly. tempt to modify the seat belt system; doing so
could change the effectiveness of the system.
12. Inspect the seat belts and tether belts.
Failure to replace worn or damaged seat belts, or
making any modifications to the system, may re-
WARNING sult in personal injury or death.
21.7
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
12.1 Check the web for fraying, cuts, extreme 16.1 Release the parking brake and put the
dirt and dust, or for severe fading from transmission in reverse.
exposure to sunlight, especially near the
16.2 Move the vehicle slightly backward to en-
buckle latch plate and in the D-loop guide
sure that the backup alarm is operating
area.
correctly.
12.2 Check operation of the buckle, latch, Kom-
fort Latch or Sliding Komfort Latch (if Natural Gas Fuel System Inspection
equipped), web retractor, and upper seat
belt mount on the door pillar. Check all
visible components for wear or damage.
WARNING
12.3 Check the seat belt and tether belt con- As with all pressure vessels, CNG/LNG storage
nection points and tighten any that are and fuel delivery systems are inherently danger-
loose. ous and should be treated as such. Beyond the
visual inspections listed below, all maintenance
WARNING and repairs to compressed natural gas (CNG) or
liquified natural gas (LNG) systems should be
Never fill fuel tanks to more than 95 percent of performed by trained personnel. Individuals who
their liquid capacity. This could make them more are not trained in all aspects concerning CNG/
likely to rupture from impact, possibly causing LNG fuel delivery systems are not permitted to
fire and resulting in serious personal injury or service, maintain, test, or inspect a system in any
death by burning. way. Failure to comply with safety regulations
may lead to fire or explosion, resulting in prop-
Do not mix gasoline or alcohol with diesel fuel. erty damage, personal injury, or death.
This mixture could cause an explosion, possibly
resulting in serious personal injury or death. Do 1. Inspect fuel tanks for dents, scratches, gouges,
not fill the fuel tanks in the presence of sparks, or other signs of damage. Inspect the fuel lines
open flames, or intense heat. These could ignite and connections for leaks.
the fuel, possibly causing severe burns. Check that the fuel tanks are securely mounted.
Look for signs of abrasion between components.
IMPORTANT: On engines that comply with
EPA07 or newer regulations, use ultralow-sulfur CNG Fuel System: Ensure that the CNG fuel cyl-
diesel (ULSD) with 15 ppm sulfur content or inder storage box is secured to the frame. In-
less. Failure to use ULSD fuel may void the spect for signs of looseness.
warranty on emission components. (LNG Fuel System: Ensure that the LNG fuel
tank is secured to the mounting brackets and
13. Check the fuel level in the fuel tank(s). To keep
that the mounting brackets are secured to the
condensation to a minimum, fuel tanks should be
frame. Ensure all rubber isolator straps are se-
filled at the end of each day.
cure around the LNG fuel tank.
14. Adjust the rearview and down view mirrors as
2. Check for the presence of all required decals
necessary. present in the following locations:
15. Test the service brakes.
Gas detection system overhead console;
15.1 With the engine running and air system Above the door handle on both doors;
fully charged, set the parking brake.
Left front bumper;
15.2 Put the vehicle in the lowest gear and
gently attempt to move it forward. The ve- End-of-frame crossmember;
hicle should not move.
LNG fuel tank fill port (maximum psi), if
If the vehicle moves, the parking brakes equipped.
are not operating correctly and must be
repaired before the vehicle is operated. 3. Check for the presence of vent caps on pressure
relief valves and devices. See Fig. 21.8. If any
16. Test the backup alarm. caps are missing, have the fuel system inspected
by a qualified technician.
21.8
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
CNG Fuel System: Each fuel cylinder should coolant hoses between the engine and the pres-
have two caps (one on each end), which are vis- sure regulator inside the fuel panel. The LNG
ible on the back of the CNG fuel cylinder storage fuel system utilizes coolant hoses between the
box. One additional cap is located on the pres- engine and the vaporizer.
sure relief valve on the inboard side of the CNG
7. If equipped with an LNG fuel system, check the
fuel box, next to the fuel outlet line. If equipped
fuel tank pressure gauge to ensure that pressure
with saddle tanks, there are also two vent tubes
is within the normal range of 120 to 150 psi (827
with caps between the back of the cab and the
to 1034 kPa). If tank pressure exceeds 230 psi
back-of-cab fuel tanks.
(1586 kPa) and the pressure relief valve does
LNG Fuel System: A red cap should be present not open automatically, vent the tank immedi-
on the secondary relief valve. See Fig. 21.9. ately.
8. Inspect the LNG vaporizer for signs of damage
or leaks. See Fig. 21.9. Inspect the vaporizer
mounting brackets for signs of looseness.
9. On CNG systems, check the low pressure fuel
filter(s) at the engine for contamination.
9.1 Turn the engine off and remove the key
form the ignition.
9.2 Slowly open the drain petcock and drain
any fluid into an appropriate container.
10. When fluid stops, close the drain petcock.
11. Examine the fluid.
If more than approximately one ounce of oil or
other contaminants is found, have the system
checked at a qualified service center.
21.9
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
7
8 9 10
6
5
4 11
2 12
1
02/04/2014 f470617
1. Pressure Control Regulator 7. Primary Relief Valve
2. Coalescing Filter 8. Tank Pressure Gauge
3. Fuel Fill Fitting 9. Fuel Shutoff Valve (liquid)
4. Vapor Shutoff Valve 10. Fuel Level Sender Box
5. Secondary Relief Valve (red cap) 11. Cover
6. Fill Vent Fitting 12. Fill Check Valve
Fig. 21.9, LNG Tank Plumbing Components
1 2
H IG CYLINDERS RE
H PRESS UR E LOW PRES S U
INSPECT CYLINDERS
EVERY 36 MONTHS
OR 36000 MILES
WHICHEVER OCCURS FIRST
REGULATOR
INSPECT PRESSURE
RELIEF DEVICE NATURAL
EVERY 2000 MILES GAS
VEHICLE
110 PSIG
OPEN VALVE
FILTER ON
SLOWLY
3600 PSIG MAX.
SERVICE PRESSURE
DRAIN HOUSING
EVERY 1500 MILES
REPLACE ELEMENT 4
VA T O AL
LV FF
E
SH AN
3
M
21.10
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
Air Intake Maximum Restriction Values (inH2O) aged and pliable, free of debris, and re-
GHG14
main closed during inspection. See
EPA07 and Fig. 21.12 and Fig. 21.13.
Pre-EPA07 and
Engine Make EPA10
Engines GHG17 3.2 Inspect the rain tray installed at the base
Engines
Engines
of the windshield. Ensure that the seal on
Cummins 25 25 25 the forward edge of the rain tray is in
Detroit 20 22 18 good condition.
Mercedes-Benz 22 22
3.3 Inspect the drain hoses installed on the
Table 21.2, Air Intake Maximum Restriction Values rain tray. Both hoses should be securely
attached to the rain tray and direct water
2.2 If air restriction exceeds the maximum al- down the aft side of the front fenders. See
lowable value, operate the vehicle for one Fig. 21.14.
more day, making sure not to run the en- 4. If the vehicle is equipped with an Allison auto-
gine over rated rpm. Refer to the engine matic transmission, check the automatic trans-
operation manual for more information on mission fluid level.
rated rpm for your engine.
5. Check for water in the fuel/water separator, if
2.3 If air restriction exceeds the maximum equipped.
value again, replace the air cleaner. For
instructions, refer to Group 09 of the Cas- IMPORTANT: When draining fluid from a
cadia Workshop Manual. fuel/water separator, drain the fluid into an
3. Inspect water evacuation components. appropriate container and dispose of it prop-
3 4 5
02/17/2012 f090497
1. Air Cleaner 3. Rain Tray Seal 5. Drain Hose
2. Vacuator Valve 4. Rain Tray
3.1 Inspect the vacuator valve(s) installed on erly. Many jurisdictions now issue fines for
the hood interior and air cleaner. Make draining fuel/water separators onto the
sure the lips of each valve are undam- ground.
21.11
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
Fig. 21.13, Hood Interior DAVCO Models: Remove the vent cap
and open the drain. See Fig. 21.16.
6
5
4
3
7
8
1
9
10
11
02/03/2010 f470552
1. Washers (qty 2) 7. Mounting Head
2. Nuts (qty 2) 8. Mounting Bolts (qty 2)
3. Frame Rail 9. Filter Element
4. Fuel Outlet Port 10. Sight Bowl
5. Fuel Inlet Port 11. Drain Plug
6. Priming Pump
Fig. 21.15, Alliance Fuel/Water Separator Assembly and
Installation
21.12
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
4
Monthly Post-Trip Inspections
and Maintenance
11
Brake Component Inspection
3 Walk around the vehicle and inspect brake system
12 components for visible damage.
1. Inspect all visible brake system components for
2 missing fasteners or signs of looseness, such as
rust tracks.
NOTICE
If the external breather tube or breather cap is
missing or incorrectly installed, road dirt and de-
1 13 bris can adversely affect the operation of the
05/05/2009 f470530 brake chamber. Once inside of the chamber, dirt
1. Inlet Port/Check Valve 8. Vent Cap O-Ring
and debris can cause the internal parts of the
2. Lower Housing 9. Vent Cap chamber to deteriorate faster.
3. Bypass Valve 10. Collar 2. Inspect the exterior surfaces of brake chambers
4. Filter Element 11. 120VAC Pre-Heater for damage. Make sure that breather holes are
5. Spring 12. 12VDC Pre-Heater
6. Cover O-Ring 13. Drain Valve
open and free of debris.
7. Clear Cover NOTE: Do not route air brake lines on top of
Fig. 21.16, DAVCO Fuel/Water Separator (Fuel Pro 482 anything likely to be stepped on.
shown) 3. Inspect air brake lines for dents, swelling, kinks,
6.1 Inspect tie rods, steering arms, and the twisting, abrasion, and damage, especially near
drag link for signs of looseness (i.e., shiny moving parts.
spots or rust tracks). See Fig. 21.17 for a
21.13
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
1
1
6 3
4
5
1
2
1
3
07/27/2009 f462167
1. Steering Tie Rod Arm 4. Power Steering Fluid Lines 6. Steering Gear Mounting Bolts
2. Castellated Nut 5. Power Steering Fluid Line Fittings 7. Steering Gear Mounting Nuts
3. Outer Tie Rod
Fig. 21.17, Rack and Pinion Steering Gear Assembly
4. Inspect flex air lines for deterioration or signs of sludge particles may be in the airstream and
abrasion. could cause injury.
5. Inspect for cracked, worn, or oil-contaminated
brake linings and brake drums (or rotors). NOTICE
6. Check the thickness of the brake linings. Re- If the water drained from the air reservoirs is
place brake linings on all brake assemblies on cloudy or oily, it may indicate a problem with the
the axle if any brake linings are worn to less than compressor. If oil is allowed to contaminate the
approximately 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) at the thinnest air dryer, it will not remove the water from the air
point. brake system, which could adversely affect brak-
ing.
Saddle Tank Areas Inspection
1. Drain the brake system air reservoirs (reservoirs
with automatic drain valves only).
WARNING
NOTE: Battery locations vary between vehicles.
When draining the air reservoir, do not look into 2. Inspect the batteries.
the air jets or direct them toward anyone. Dirt or
21.14
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
Roof fairing/deflector
Side skirts
Cab/sleeper extenders
Battery access cover
1
Engine Compartment Inspection and
Adjustments
1
IMPORTANT: If replacement of the hood or
bumper is necessary, the replacement compo-
1
nent must meet or exceed the drag reduction
2
performance of the originally installed item in
3 order to maintain compliance with greenhouse
3 gas and fuel efficiency regulations (GHG14).
1. Inspect the bumper and hood for structural dam-
age, cracks, or wear.
10/11/2001 f461916
2. Check the hydraulic clutch reservoir, if equipped.
1. Steering Gear Mounting Bolts If necessary, add DOT 4 brake fluid.
2. Pitman Arm Pinch Bolt Nut
3. Drag Link Nut 3. Inspect the radiator and heater hoses, including
the clamps and support brackets.
Fig. 21.18, Integral Steering Gear Fasteners
3.1 Inspect the radiator and charge air cooler
for damage and accumulated debris.
WARNING Straighten bent or damaged fins to permit
airflow across all areas of the cores.
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories
contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals NOTE: When traveling through areas of high
known to the State of California to cause cancer insect concentration, it may be necessary to
and reproductive harm. To prevent possible per- clean the exterior of the radiator or the
sonal injury, always wash your hands after han- charge air cooler core as often as every 200
dling battery parts and related accessories. miles (320 km).
2.1 Remove the battery box cover and inspect 3.2 Make sure the radiator inlet and outlet
all visible battery cables for loose wiring or hoses are pliable and are not cracking or
damage. ballooning.
2.2 Check that the battery hold-down is se- 3.3 Make sure the heater hoses are pliable
cure. and are not cracking or ballooning.
IMPORTANT: Aerodynamic components de- 3.4 Tighten hose clamps as necessary.
crease drag force as a vehicle moves, thereby
improving fuel efficiency. If replacement of an IMPORTANT: Do not overtighten hose
aerodynamic component is necessary, replace- clamps, as hose life can be adversely af-
ment components must meet or exceed the fected.
drag reduction performance of the originally in- 3.5 Ensure hose support brackets are se-
stalled component in order to maintain compli- curely fastened. Make sure hoses are not
ance with greenhouse gas and fuel efficiency located near sources of wear, abrasion, or
regulations (GHG14). high heat.
3. Inspect the following aerodynamic components, if IMPORTANT: When replacing hoses, install
equipped, for structural damage, cracks, or wear. service-type knitted or braided yarn-reinforced
Chassis fairings neoprene hose. Extended-service-life silicone
21.15
Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance
21.16
22
Cab Appearance
Cab Washing and Polishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1
Care of Fiberglass Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1
Care of Chrome Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1
Care of Exterior Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1
Dashboard Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2
Vinyl Upholstery Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2
Velour Upholstery Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3
Cab Appearance
Cab Washing and Polishing To prevent rust, have any nicks or other dam-
age on the finish touched up as soon as pos-
IMPORTANT: Carefully read all instructions be- sible.
fore using or applying any cleaner or product on Park your vehicle in a sheltered area whenever
the vehicle or components. Failure to follow possible.
manufacturers recommendations can result in
damage to the finish. To prevent delamination and deterioration of labels
and stickers on the cab, follow these guidlines care-
fully:
WARNING
Do not pressure wash the label or sticker or
Do not power wash or steam clean the engine surfaces near it.
bay in the area of vehicle electrical components,
Do not use strong alkaline soaps on or near
unless specified by vehicle manuals or service
the label or sticker.
literature. Power washing and steam cleaning can
cause corrosion, permanently damaging these
components, which could result in fire, personal Care of Fiberglass Parts
injury, or property damage.
Wash unpainted fiberglass air fairings and shields
To protect the finish of your new vehicle, follow these monthly with a mild detergent, such as dishwashing
guidelines carefully. liquid. Avoid strong alkaline cleansers.
During the first 30 days, rinse your vehicle fre- Apply a wax specifically designed for fiberglass.
quently with water. If the vehicle is dirty, use a
mild liquid soap. Do not use detergent. Care of Chrome Parts
During the first 30 days, do not use anything
abrasive on your vehicle. Brushes, chemicals, To prevent rust, keep chrome parts clean and pro-
and cleaners may scratch the finish. tected at all times. This is especially important during
winter driving and in coastal areas where there is
During the first 120 days, do not wax your exposure to salt air.
vehicle.
When cleaning chrome parts, use clean water and a
To extend the life of your vehicles finish, follow these soft cloth or sponge. A mild detergent may also be
guidelines. used.
Avoid washing your vehicle in the hot sun. Sponge gently, then rinse. If necessary, use a non-
Always use water. After the cab is completely abrasive chrome cleaner to remove stubborn rust or
other material. Do not use steel wool.
washed, dry it with a towel or chamois.
Do not dust painted surfaces with a dry cloth, To help protect the chrome after cleaning, apply a
coat of polishing wax to the surface. Never use wax
as this will scratch the paint.
on parts that are exposed to high heat, such as ex-
Do not remove ice or snow from a painted sur- haust pipes.
face with a scraper of any sort.
To prevent damage to the finish, wax it regu- Care of Exterior Lights
larly. Before waxing, if the finish has become
Clean the headlight lenses by hand only, using a
dull, remove oxidized paint using a cleaner
flannel cloth with mild, non-caustic soap or detergent,
specifically designed for this purpose. Remove
and water.
all road tar and tree sap before waxing.
Freightliner recommends that a quality brand of
cleaner or cleaner-polish and polishing wax be CAUTION
used.
Do not use a power buffer, paper towels, chemi-
Do not let diesel fuel or antifreeze stand on a cal solvents, or abrasive cleaners on the head-
painted surface. If either should occur, rinse light lens, all of which can remove the UV coating
the surface off with water. from the surface, and result in yellowing of the
lens.
22.1
Cab Appearance
22.2
Cab Appearance
22.3
23
Headlight Aiming
Preliminary Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1
Checking Headlight Aim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1
Adjusting Headlight Aim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.1
Headlight Aiming
Preliminary Checks
Before checking or adjusting the headlight aim, do
the following.
Check that the hood is closed and latched.
Remove any large amounts of mud or ice from
the underside of the fenders.
Check the springs for sagging or broken
leaves.
Check the suspension for proper functioning of
the leveling mechanism. On cabs with air sus-
pensions, make sure that the height is properly
adjusted.
Check for damage to the hood and hinge as-
01/23/2012 f545869
sembly. Repair as necessary.
Measure beam height from the ground to the small dot
With the vehicle unloaded, check that the tires roughly in the center of the headlight lens.
are inflated to the recommended air pressure.
Fig. 23.1, Headlight Beam Height Adjusting Dot
Clean the headlight lenses. Use a soft cloth
with mild, non-caustic soap or detergent, and
water.
Adjusting Headlight Aim
NOTE: Freightliner vehicles are offered with
Checking Headlight Aim various headlight assembly options. Because of
the various options, the location of adjustment
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, 25 ft (7.6 m) screws on your vehicles headlight assembly
away from, and perpendicular to, a vertical may vary from what is shown here.
screen or wall. Shut down the engine and set the
parking brake. Chock the tires. The adjusting screw is located on the lower outside
corner of the headlight assembly. See Fig. 23.4. Turn
2. Each headlight has a height adjusting dot. See the adjusting screw clockwise to raise the beam and
Fig. 23.1. Measure the distance from the ground counterclockwise to lower it, until the beam pattern
to the height adjusting dot on each headlight meets the acceptable standard.
(Fig. 23.2, Item A). Note those distances.
3. On the screen or wall, mark the locations of each
headlight bulb center using the distances found
in step 2. See Fig. 23.2, Items 2 and 3.
4. Turn on the low-beam headlights.
5. Check the vertical adjustment of the low beams.
The center of each beam projection should fall
on or near the marks made during step 3. See
Fig. 23.3.
6. Use Table 23.1 to determine the maximum verti-
cal distance allowable between the marks on the
wall and the center of each low-beam projection.
If the distance between either projection center
and the mark made on the wall or screen is
greater than the maximum distance given in
Table 23.1, adjust the vertical positioning of that
headlight.
23.1
Headlight Aiming
2
3
A A
B
B
7.6 m)
25 ft (
1
01/10/2012 f545850a
A. Measure the distance from the ground to the center of each headlight bulb.
B. Mark where the center of each headlight projection should appear.
1. Screen or Wall 3. Center of Left-Hand Headlight Projection
2. Center of Right-Hand Headlight Projection
Fig. 23.2, Headlight Aiming Screen/Wall
1
2
01/10/2012 f545851a
1. Low-Beam Angle Upper Limit 3. Low-Beam Angle Lower Limit
2. Ideal Low-Beam Projection
Fig. 23.3, Vertical Low-Beam Headlight Variation Limits
23.2
Headlight Aiming
06/18/2007 f545076
23.3
24
In an Emergency
Hazard Warning Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1
Fire Extinguisher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1
Emergency Kit, Optional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1
Emergency Filter Replacement, Davco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1
Emergency Starting With Jumper Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4
Fire in the Cab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.7
In an Emergency
24.1
In an Emergency
6
10
11/14/2001 f470416
1. Vent 5. Cover Seal 8. Threaded Stud
2. Seal 6. Spring 9. Fuel Port
3. Collar 7. Filter Element 10. Drain
4. Cover
WARNING CAUTION
Batteries release explosive gas. Do not smoke Make sure both electrical systems are the same
when working around batteries. Put out all flames voltage. Electronic devices on both vehicles can
and remove all sources of sparks or intense heat be damaged when connected to a vehicle with a
in the vicinity of the battery. Do not allow the ve- different operating voltage.
hicles to touch each other. Do not lean over the
batteries when making connections, and keep all NOTE: On vehicles equipped with optional un-
other persons away from the batteries. Failure to derhood jump start posts, connect to these
follow these precautions could lead to severe posts instead of the batteries.
personal injury as a result of an explosion or 1. Apply the parking brakes and turn off the lights
acid burns. and all other electrical devices.
24.2
In an Emergency
3
8
9
6
10
11
11/14/2001 f470417
1. Collar 5. Cover Seal 9. Fuel Port
2. Vent 6. Spring 10. Drain
3. Seal 7. Filter Element 11. Bottom-Plate Collar
4. Cover 8. Threaded Stud
2. Remove the battery box cover by pulling on the positive jumper cable to the positive battery or
end of each hold-down latch until the end clears jump start post of the vehicle providing the jump.
the catch, then pivoting the latches out of the See Fig. 24.5.
way, and lifting off the cover. See Fig. 24.4.
WARNING
CAUTION
Do the next step exactly as instructed and do not
Always connect the battery, jumper cables, and allow the clamps of one cable to touch the
charger correctly (positive-to-positive and clamps of the other cable. Otherwise, a spark
negative-to-negative). Connecting a charging de- could occur near a battery, possibly resulting in
vice backwards (positive-to-negative) can se- severe personal injury from explosion or acid
verely damage the vehicle electrical content and burns.
cause non-warrantable failures.
4. Connect one end of the second jumper cable to
3. Connect the positive (+) jumper cable to the the negative terminal of the booster battery, and
positive battery post on the Cascadia needing connect the other end of the cable to to the
the jump start, then connect the other end of the
24.3
In an Emergency
WARNING
Do the next step exactly as instructed and do not
allow the clamps of one cable to touch the
clamps of the other cable. Otherwise, a spark
could occur near a battery, possibly resulting in
severe personal injury from explosion or acid
burns.
8. Disconnect the grounded cable from the frame or
other non-battery location, then disconnect the
other end of the cable.
9. Disconnect the remaining cable from the newly
charged battery (or jump-start post if equipped)
first, then disconnect the other end.
10. Install the cover; be sure it is positioned properly
before fastening the latches.
06/12/2007 f545070
Towing
When it is necessary to tow the vehicle, make sure
Fig. 24.4, Battery Compartment the instructions below are closely followed to prevent
damage to the vehicle.
A B
WARNING
Do not tow an unbraked vehicle if the combined
+
24.4
In an Emergency
leaking out and will keep contaminants from get- 7. Lift the vehicle and secure the safety chains. If
ting into and damaging the wheel bearings and extra towing clearance is needed, remove the
axle lubricant. front wheels.
If the driveline(s) were removed, ensure the NOTE: Due to the many variables that exist in
U-joint caps are secure so they will not come off. towing, positioning the lifting and towing device
is the sole responsibility of the towing-vehicle
NOTICE operator.
Failure to protect the frame rails from the chains 8. Connect the clearance lights, taillights, and sig-
could cause damage, leading to eventual frame nal lights. Connect any special towing lights re-
failure. quired by local regulations.
4. On dual drive axles, if the vehicle is to be lifted
and towed, chain the forward rear-axle assembly
WARNING
to the vehicle frame. Use protection to keep the Failure to chock the tires or connect the tow
chains from damaging the frame. trucks air brake system before releasing the
5. Remove the bumper end caps and chrome bum- spring parking brakes could allow the disabled
per (if equipped). vehicle to suddenly roll. This could cause prop-
erty damage or personal injury.
6. Attach the towing device. Do not pass a sling (for
example, a rope or chain) from one tow hook to 9. Chock the tires on the disabled vehicle and con-
another to fasten for towing. Known as reeving, nect the towing vehicles air brake system to the
this practice is not permissible in most industrial vehicle being towed. Then, release the spring
applications of towing and hoisting. Reeving can parking brakes and remove the chocks.
overload the hooks and result in damage to the
vehicle. See Fig. 24.8.
OK
1
OK 2
07/05/2007 f880793
IMPORTANT: Do not reeve when towing.
1. Tow Hook 2. Chain
24.5
In an Emergency
24.6
In an Emergency
05/13/2014 f602527
WARNING
Urethane foam is flammable! Do not allow any
flames, sparks, or other heat sources such as
cigarettes or light bulbs to contact urethane
foam. Urethane foam in contact with such heat
sources could cause a serious, rapid fire, which
could result in death, severe burns, or gas poi-
soning, as well as damage to the vehicle.
24.7
25
Natural Gas Vehicles
Natural Gas Vehicles, General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1
Natural Gas Vehicles, Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1
Natural Gas Fuel Tank Filling Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3
Natural Gas Detection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5
Natural Gas Engine Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.9
Major Repairs and Replacement of Natural Gas Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.9
Natural Gas Vehicles
Natural Gas Vehicles, General Figure 25.1 shows the locations of various compo-
nents of a CNG installation.
Information
The vehicle can be equipped with a compressed Natural Gas Vehicles, Safety
natural gas (CNG) fuel system, or a liquefied natural Precautions
gas (LNG) fuel system. CNG is made by compress-
ing natural gas to less than 1% of its volume at stan-
dard atmospheric pressure. LNG is created by con- DANGER
densing natural gas into a liquid by cooling it to
approximately -259F (-162C). Natural gas is highly flammable. Failure to ob-
serve the following safety precautions could lead
When vaporized at ambient temperatures, natural to the ignition of the natural gas, which could
gas is less dense than air, and it rises and disperses. cause serious bodily injury or death.
However, LNG is initially heavier than air due to its
cryogenic temperature. When released in large CNG systems should be maintained and inspected
amounts, it may drop or pool on the ground before exclusively by trained personnel with certifications in
its temperature rises enough to vaporize. Cold at- accordance with the applicable codes. As with all
mospheric conditions may prevent natural gas from pressure vessels, CNG storage and fuel delivery sys-
dispersing quickly when released in large amounts. tems are inherently dangerous and should be treated
as such. Individuals involved in any aspect of CNG
Natural gas is nontoxic, but it can cause asphyxiation fuel system maintenance, emergency response, ser-
if present in very large concentrations. vicing, or testing must be properly trained and certi-
CNG often contains an odor-producing chemical, fied. Individuals who are not trained and certified in
while LNG does not have any odor. Users of natural- all aspects concerning CNG fuel delivery systems
gas-fueled vehicles should never expect to detect are not permitted to service, maintain, test, or inspect
natural gas leaks by scent. a system in any way.
For natural gas to burn, it must first vaporize, then Follow these safety precautions when operating or
mix with air in the proper proportions (flammable repairing a natural gas vehicle.
range is 5 to 15% by volume in air), and then be Only certified LNG personal can fuel LNG
ignited. trucks.
A typical natural gas fuel system consists of: Do not start the engine if a natural gas leak is
Fuel supply cylinders that store compressed detected.
gas at high pressure (CNG), or a tank that Transferring fuel is only allowed as long as a
stores liquefied gas at an extremely low tem- non-static hose is used. if a non-approved
perature (LNG). hose is used, static can build up and ignite the
A vaporizer or heat exchanging device that fuel. A correct hose can be obtained through
changes LNG to gaseous form (LNG fuel sys- Agility fuel systems.
tems only). Do not attempt to cut any fuel supply piping
Pressure relief and manual fuel shutoff valves. components.
A filling connection with a check valve that pre- Avoid open flames or sparks near a natural
vents the gas from flowing back out of the fuel gas vehicle.
filling line. Cover eyes and exposed skin when working on
High-pressure and low-pressure fuel filters. a natural gas fuel system or fueling a natural
gas vehicle.
A pressure control regulator that reduces the
high fuel tank or cylinder pressure to the lower Permit no smoking or other ignition sources in,
pressure needed for the engine. or within thirty feet of, a natural gas vehicle.
A fuel contents gauge that indicates the fuel Have CO2 fire extinguishers (ABC minimum)
supply in the tank or cylinders. located in a highly visible and easily accessible
location.
25.1
Natural Gas Vehicles
3 4
01/21/2014 f470613
1. Sleeper Leak Sensor (zone 3) 5. Shutoff Valve, Right Side Cylinder
2. Engine Compartment Leak Sensor (zone 2) 6. Shutoff Valve and System Components, Left Side
3. Leak Detection Control Panel (zone 1) (overhead Cylinder
console) 7. Fill Panel
4. Cylinder Shutoff Valve (back-of-cab box)
Fig. 25.1, CNG Component Locations
Use Purple-K powder (PKP) or a similar dry Always purge the fuel lines before performing
powder to extinguish an LNG fire. Do not at- maintenance or repairs on a natural gas fuel
tempt use water around an LNG fire. system. Refer to the system manufacturers
25.2
Natural Gas Vehicles
service manual or the vehicles workshop tract, less pressure in the cylinders on a cold day is
manuals for the proper purging procedure. equal to the same amount of gas at a higher pres-
sure on a warm day. The fuel station dispenser has a
Always use a natural gas detector to test the
temperature-pressure compensating device, which
system for leaks, whether an odor is present or accounts for ambient temperature during fueling. See
not. Routinely inspect the fuel filtering and Table 25.1 for approximate full cylinder pressures at
regulating mechanisms, and the fuel lines. An various temperatures.
approved natural gas bubble solution can be
used to pinpoint the exact location of leaks. Do
CNG Temperature/Pressure Compensation Values
not use soap and water. Soap and water can
cause premature failure of the O-rings in the Fill Station Pressure Set Point
Temperature:
system. 3000 psi (20 684 3600 psi (24 821
F (C)
kPa) Set Point kPa) Set Point
Make sure black caps are always on the PRD 100 (37.8) 3415 (23 546) 4086 (28 172)
vent lines to reduce water build up in lines. 90 (32.2) 3276 (22 587) 3909 (26 952)
Do not store a natural gas vehicle indoors for 80 (26.7) 3138 (21 636) 3754 (25 883)
any extended period of time. Do not bring a 70 (21.1) 3000 (20 684) 3600 (24 821)
natural gas vehicle indoors unless the work- 60 (15.6) 2861 (19 726) 3445 (23 752)
shop is equipped with a methane detection and 50 (10) 2723 (18 774) 3288 (22 670)
ventilation system. 40 (4.4) 2584 (17 816) 3131 (21 587)
30 (-1.1) 2446 (16 865) 2973 (20 498)
In Case of Emergency 20 (-6.7) 2307 (15 906) 2814 (19 402)
If a vehicle has sustained damage or a leak has 10 (-12.2) 2169 (14 955) 2655 (18 306)
been discovered: 0 (-17.8) 2031 (14 003) 2495 (17 202)
-10 (-23.3) 1893 (13 052) 2336 (16 106)
1. Turn the ignition switch off, and set the parking
brake. -20 (-28.9) 1755 (12 100) 2180 (15 031)
-30 (34.4) 1616 (11 142) 2024 (13 955)
2. Exit the vehicle leaving as many doors and win- -40 (-40) 1477 (10 184) 1868 (12 879)
dows open as possible. Get at least 30 feet from
the vehicle, and allow it to vent until it is safe to Table 25.1, CNG Temperature/Pressure Compensation
do the steps below. Values
3. Remove all ignition sources from the area sur- Use the following steps to fuel a CNG vehicle.
rounding the vehicle.
1. Shut down the engine and apply the parking
4. If it is safe to do so, close all fuel shutoff valves. brake.
5. Use a natural gas detector, or approved NG IMPORTANT: Close all windows and doors dur-
bubble solution, to identify leaks in the fuel sys-
ing the fueling process. Keeping windows and
tem.
doors closed allows for easier leak detection
inside the cab after fueling.
Natural Gas Fuel Tank Filling
NOTE: If the fuel system has only back of cab
Procedures tanks, the fuel fill is located behind the fuel ac-
CNG Vehicle Fueling cess panel on the lower part of the cabinet, or
below the tank cabinet in a separate box. If
CNG is moved from the fuel station storage tanks to truck has saddle mount tanks, the fuel panel is
the vehicle cylinders through a metered dispenser. located on the back end of the left side tank.
During fueling, as pressure inside of the vehicle cyl-
Vehicles with back-of-cab cabinets and saddle
inders increases, so does the temperature. The dis-
penser shuts off when it determines the CNG cylin- tanks are have the fuel fill panel on the back
ders are full. end of the left side tank. See Fig. 25.2 for side
tanks, or Fig. 25.3 for back-of-cab cabinet
CNG fuel cylinders cannot be filled to their full capac- mounted fuel panel.
ity of 3600 psi (24 800 kPa) in cooler weather. Since
temperature change causes gas to expand and con-
25.3
Natural Gas Vehicles
WARNING 1 2
Natural gas fuel tanks, lines, and valves are al-
ways pressurized. Always observe safety precau-
tions. Failure to do so could lead to loss of con-
trol over a filling hose or to ignition of the natural H IG
H PRESS UR E CYLINDERS LOW PRES S U
RE
VA T O AL
LV FF
EVERY 3000 MILES
U U
E
SH AN
3
M
2
3
1
04/30/2010 f470556
1. High Pressure Gauge
4 2. Low Pressure Gauge
3. Manual Fuel Shutoff Valve
4. Fuel Fill Port and Dust Cap
Fig. 25.3, CNG Under Cabinet Fuel Panel (under
cabinet shown)
25.4
Natural Gas Vehicles
12. Remove the station dispensing nozzle from the Alarm Procedure
vehicle fill port.
Before operating the vehicle, the driver must be fa-
NOTE: Some fill ports and dust caps contain a miliar with the procedures as shown on the interior
magnetic start interrupt sensor to prevent a sticker on the overhead panel (See Fig. 25.4) and
truck from being started and driven away with the exterior sticker on the door (See Fig. 25.5).
the fill hose connected. These caps must be
installed correctly or vehicle will not start.
13. Install the dust cap on the vehicle fuel fill port
and close the fuel panel access door, if
equipped.
25.5
Natural Gas Vehicles
IMPORTANT: If an audible alarm activates, do If the system detects that one of the sensors has
not operate any electrical switch, including been disconnected or has malfunctioned, the sensor
lights. Avoid causing sparks and stay away from fault light for that zone will illuminate. A failed sensor
arcing switches and equipment. Do not use a may trigger and lock on an alarm. If this happens
telephone, including cellular phones or any have a qualified technician troubleshoot the system
and make appropriate repairs.
types of portable communication or electronic
devices that have a battery. The sensors are sensitive to all hydrocarbon vapors.
An alarm may be triggered by the use of chemicals
If the vehicle is in motion when the audible alarm such as cleaners, paint, polish, lacquer, gasoline,
activates, bring it to a safe stop, shut down the en- silicone, silicone spray, or other harsh chemicals.
gine, and exit the vehicle. Do not open the hood. The sensors will also detect hydrogen fumes from an
If outside the vehicle when the audible alarm acti- overcharged battery. If a sensor sends an alarm, but
vates, do not open the cab door or hood. no gas fumes are present, check for recent use of
chemicals or a battery charger.
In the event of an audible alarm, immediately follow
these procedures, as allowed by conditions:
NOTICE
1. Immediately shut off all engines. Extinguish any
cigarettes, pilot lights, flames, or other sources of Silicone-based chemicals and cleaners will per-
ignition in the area and adjacent areas. manently disable the sensors. When cleaning the
2. Exit the vehicle leaving as many doors and win- vehicle, cover the sensors with a plastic cover-
dows open as possible, and move at least 30 ing. Keep the sensors covered until the area has
feet away from vehicle. If the vehicle is parked, been cleared of any cleaning fumes.
stay at lease 30 feet away until it is safe to do Harsh chemicals, including some high alcohol
the following. cotenant washer fluids, and extremely high tem-
3. Manually close all fuel shutoff valves, including peratures may damage the sensor.
those on the LNG tank or CNG cylinders. Puncture of or damage to the seal located inside
4. If the vehicle is indoors (as in a service shop), the sensor housing will significantly shorten the
immediately open shop windows and doors to sensor life.
provide extra ventilation to the area. Do not start Frequent exposure to high concentrations of gas
the engine or any other type of equipment until will accelerate sensor deterioration.
the gas leak is corrected and the area cleared of
natural gas. Overhead Console
5. Evacuate the area. The overhead console consists of an alarm panel on
6. After the area is cleared of natural gas and the the right side and the control module on the left side.
alarm is no longer active, have the vehicle in- The alarm panel has a green light, a red light, a
spected by a qualified technician. buzzer, and a sensor. See Fig. 25.6. It is located
IMPORTANT: Do not consider the area clear within view from outside of the vehicle. The large
until all alarm indicators are off, and the alarm green light is continuously illuminated during normal
operating conditions.
panel light returns to green.
Before entering the vehicle, always verify that the
Sensors green light is illuminated. If the green light is not illu-
minated, do not enter the vehicle. Complete the
Gas detection sensors are located on the cab over- alarm procedure previously outlined.
head console (zone 1), in the engine compartment
on the frontwall (zone 2), and in the sleeper, if The alarm panel meets the California Highway Patrol
equipped (zone 3). The sensors are located in high Title 13-2008 and NFPA 52 2010 requirements. All
areas, where rising gas vapors will pass by or accu- drivers and technicians using it should be trained re-
mulate. On some vehicles, there is a sensor located garding the red and green lights, and the audible
under the cab floor (zone 4). Zone 4 is not used on warning.
DTNA vehicles.
25.6
Natural Gas Vehicles
10
9
11
8 14
7 12
6
13
5
1 2 3 4
02/06/2014 f470614
1. Green Light 6. Sensor Fault Indicator Lights 11 Silence Button
2. Red Light 7. Zone Numbers 12. Relay Reset Button
3. Sensor 8. Trace Leak Indicator Lights 13. Relay Engaged Light
4. Buzzer Alarm 9. Significant Leak Indicator Lights 14. Power Indicator Light
5. Test Button 10. Silence Engaged Light
Fig. 25.6, AMGaDS III Overhead Console
The control module, located on the center of the alarm panel will switch off, the red light will illu-
overhead console, contains the status lights and con- minate, and the buzzer will sound. All alarm
trol buttons for the system. The areas that the sen- indicators will remain on as long as fumes are
sors monitor are defined as Zone 1 (cab), Zone 2 detected.
(engine compartment), and Zone 3 (sleeper, if
Sensor Fault: If the system detects that either
equipped). The control module has lights assigned to
of the sensors has been disconnected or has
each zone that will illuminate if a sensor detects a
malfunctioned, an amber light next to the Sen-
trace level leak (between 20% and 30% LFL), a sig-
sor Fault indicator for that zone will illuminate.
nificant level leak (above 50% LFL), or if a sensor is
disconnected or malfunctioning. The control module also has buttons used to test or
reset the the control module after an alarm. Red
Trace Level: If either sensor detects gas fumes
lights next to each button indicate when they are en-
at a concentration greater than 20% to 30%
gaged.
LFL (1% gas in air by volume), the amber light
next to the Trace indicator for that zone will Shutdown Reset: If an alarm has been acti-
flash. There is no buzzer alarm for a trace vated and the Relay Engaged light is illumi-
level detection, and the large green light on the nated, the Shutdown Reset button will reset
alarm panel will remain illuminated. the internal relay. Press the Shutdown Reset
button only after the gas has cleared, the
Significant Level: If either sensor detects gas
buzzer has turned off, and the alarm panel
fumes at a concentration greater than 50% to
light has returned to green.
60% LFL (2.5% gas in air by volume), the
small red light next to the SIGNIFICANT indi- Push To Silence: If an alarm has been acti-
cator for that zone will flash. After approxi- vated, the Push To Silence button will silence
mately 15 seconds, the large green light on the the buzzer.
25.7
Natural Gas Vehicles
See Table 25.2 for the functions of all lights and but- where the vehicle is operated. Per Title 13 CCR
tons on the overhead console. 935 (2), gas detection systems should be tested
three times per calendar year at equal intervals. The
Testing testing procedure should simulate the same operat-
ing environment in which the vehicle is used, with the
Daimler Trucks North America strongly recommends same gaseous fuel.
that all operators follow California Code of Regula-
tions (CCR) inspection requirements, regardless of
Test results validating the performance of the gas involved in an accident or fire. Ensure that the gas
detection system within the parameters established detection system is wired directly to the battery.
by the component manufacturer and NFPA 52 2010
It is recommended that the highest level of safety
should be maintained as a permanent part of the ve- validation be utilized if there are multiple validation
hicle service records. Use of alcohol, propane, and requirements in the state or locality where the vehicle
other harsh liquids or gases are not acceptable
is operated or domiciled.
methods for testing.
Always test the system and sensors after any com- Overhead Console Test
ponent has been replaced, or if the vehicle has been
Press and hold the Push To Test button for one min-
ute. The system will proceed with a self-diagnostic
25.8
Natural Gas Vehicles
Sensor Test
The gas detection system sensors must be tested
using qualified test gas, which can be purchased as
part of a test kit. Testing with alcohol or heavy gases
such as butane or propane does not satisfy CCR
935 (2) or NFPA 52 regulations.
Expose each sensor to qualified test gas for at least 07/19/2006 f610805
30 seconds. The system will proceed through the
alarm procedure consistent with a significant leak Fig. 25.7, Ignition Switch Positions
and the buzzer will sound after approximately 15
If the vehicle has not been operated previously in
seconds. If a sensor fails to respond after exposure
a 24-hour period, allow the vehicle to idle for five
to the test gas, replace the sensor.
minutes.
25.9
26
Specifications
Fuses and Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1
Replacement Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3
Fluids and Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.3
Specifications
26.1
Specifications
26.2
Specifications
Replacement Bulbs
Fluids and Lubricants
Replacement Bulbs
Lamp Assembly Replacement Bulb
Headlight Hi/Low Beam, Fog WEE 12362LLBA
NOTICE
light, Driving Light (H11)
Detroit transmissions use synthetic lubricant that
Turn/Marker Lamp (in headlight
GE 3457 meets the requirements of the MB 235.11 specifi-
assy)
cation, such as Detroit Synth 75W-90. Using lu-
Incandescent Auxiliary Turn (on
GE 2058U bricant that does not comply with this specifica-
fender)
tion will result in damage to the transmission.
Integral Stop/Tail/Backup Lights GE 1157/GE 1156
Utility Light WEE 199
26.3
Specifications
26.4
Index
I-1
Index
I-2
Index
I-3
Index
I-4
Index
I-5
Index
Subject Page
Tars, Asphalts, and Creosote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2
VORAD VS-400 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1
Collision Warning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3
Driver Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1
Failure Display Mode/Fault
Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6
Side Object Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5
SmartCruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5
Special Road Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6
W
Warning and Indicator Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3
Engine Protection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8
Weekly Post-Trip Inspections
and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.9
Engine Compartment
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.9
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1
Windshield Wiper/Washer
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.15
I-6