Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Issue 25 en-GB
P, G, R and T series
F, K and N series
E2011 series
326 603
Scania CV AB 2013, Sweden
Contents
Contents
Changes from the previous issue.............................. 3
Engine .................................................................................. 4
Volumes.................................................................... 4
Factory filled ............................................................ 6
Oil change intervals.................................................. 7
Sulphur content in fuel ............................................. 7
Basic requirements ................................................... 9
Viscosity class requirements .................................. 11
Fuel ................................................................................ 20
Diesel...................................................................... 20
Biodiesel EN 14214................................................ 25
Ethanol.................................................................... 30
Gas engines............................................................. 31
Transmission ................................................................................ 34
Oil change intervals................................................ 34
Manual gearboxes................................................... 34
Automatic gearboxes .............................................. 38
Clutch ..................................................................... 40
Power take-offs....................................................... 40
Retarder, Scania...................................................... 41
Axles and hubs ....................................................... 42
Chassis ................................................................................ 44
Washer fluid ........................................................... 44
Oil grade ................................................................. 44
Components and lubricants .................................... 45
Chassis grease......................................................... 46
Wheel bearing lubricating grease ........................... 48
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Changes
Engine; volumes:
- Volume added for OC9/OC09 and DC16 104.
Manual gearboxes:
- The oil volumes have been updated.
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Engine
Engine
Volumes
All volumes are approximate and shown in litres.
Check the levels and top up as necessary.
Vehicle Engine Max. level* Difference, Max.- Max. level** Oil filter
Min. (oil dipstick) volume
Truck DC9, PDE 37 8 33 2
Truck DC9E 02 37 8 33 2
Truck DC9, XPI 34 5 31 1
Truck OC9/OC09 34 5 31 1
Truck DC11/D12 38 7.5 33 2
Truck DC13 43.5 8 40 1
Truck DC16 36 6 30 1.6
Truck DC16 104 46 6 40 1.6
Truck DC16, XPI 47 8 43 1.6
Bus, K DC9, PDE 36 7 33 2
Bus, K DC9E 02 36 7 33 2
Bus, K DC9, XPI 34 5 31 1
Bus, K OC9/OC09 34 5 31 1
Bus, K DC12 26.7 9 20 2
Bus, K DC13 43.5 8 40 1
Bus, N DC9, PDE 32 7 27 2
Bus, N DC9E 02 32 7 27 2
Bus, N DC9, XPI 34 5 31 1
Bus, N OC9/OC09 34 5 31 1
Bus, F DC9, PDE 38 8 33 2
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Engine
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Scania CV AB 2013, Sweden 5
Engine
Factory filled
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Engine
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Scania CV AB 2013, Sweden 7
Engine
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Engine
Basic requirements
IMPORTANT!
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Scania CV AB 2013, Sweden 9
Engine
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Engine
Viscosity class
requirements
Oil analysis, industrial and marine
engines
Viscosity class Outdoor temperature
To be able to extend the oil change intervals
SAE 30 0C - +10C using oil analysis, Scania LDF oils must be used.
SAE 40 +10C - > +30C Oil companies can offer analysis of the engine
SAE 0W-30 < -30C - +10C oil.
SAE 5W-30 < -30C - +10C The following conditions must be met when
the oil is changed.
SAE 10W-30 -20C - +10C
Viscosity at 100C: max. 20 % of original
SAE 5W-40 < -30C - > +30C value of the fresh oil
SAE 10W-40 -20C - > +30C TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739):
SAE 15W-40 -15C - > +30C >3.5
TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739): >
< = less than TAN (in accordance with ASTM D 664)
> = greater than Soot (DIN 51-452): >3%
For Scania LDF and LDF-2 approved oils with Such analysis measures the oil's TBN (Total Base
viscosity grade SAE 0W-30, SAE 5W-30 or SAE Number), TAN (Total Acid Number), fuel
10W-30, refer to the table below. dilution, water content, viscosity and the quantity
of particles and soot in the oil.
Viscosity class Outdoor temperature The results of a series of analyses serve as the
basis for an oil change interval.
SAE 0W-30 < -30C - +30C
If conditions change, a new series of analyses
SAE 5W-30 < -30C - +30C must be conducted to determine new change
intervals.
SAE 10W-30 -20C - +30C
IMPORTANT!
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Cooling system
Cooling system
Volumes
All volumes are approximate. Check the levels and
top up as necessary.
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Cooling system
Coolant
WARNING!
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Scania CV AB 2013, Sweden 13
Cooling system
Coolant quality
requirements
Water
Use only pure fresh water that is free from
particles, sludge and other impurities.
If unsure about water quality, use Scania Ready
Mix 50/50 or 35/65 according to the tables below.
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Cooling system
Scania concentrate
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Cooling system
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Cooling system
Risk of freezing
IMPORTANT!
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Cooling system
o
-10 C
o
-16 C o 1
-20 C
o
-30 C
o
3 2
-40 C
o
-50 C
121 134
o
-60 C
B A
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Air conditioning
Air conditioning
WARNING! IMPORTANT!
The refrigerant can cause frostbite on contact An opened package of compressor oil must be
with skin. Always use protective equipment disposed of correctly after use. It must not be
when handling refrigerant. saved.
IMPORTANT!
Bus
Work on the cooling system must be carried out
in compliance with the legislation of the country POE oil must be used for Bock and Bitzer brand
in question. compressors. PAG oil should be used for Zexel
TM-31 model compressors. For other
compressors, contact the manufacturer.
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Fuel
Fuel
Diesel
WARNING!
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Fuel
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Fuel
Small amounts of water are permitted in fuel. The vehicle fuel system must be completely
For diesel (EN 590) max. 0.02% and for cleaned from fuel and water. The tanks must be
biofuels (EN 14214) max. 0.05%. These drained and cleaned, mechanically and by
amounts of water do not affect engine function. steam/high-pressure washing, and then dried.
Long-term and unsuitable storage of fuel that Lines and other components in the fuel system
results in more water gathering can lead to must be flushed and blown dry. It is important
growth of micro-organisms (bacteria and that no fluid is left in the system after cleaning.
fungus).
Always renew the fuel filter. In the event of
The micro-organisms grow in the interface serious or long-term infection, the injectors and
between water and fuel. They can lead to a fuel pump may also need to be renewed.
brown or black slimy film and discolour the
fuel. Locate the source of the infection. Establish and
rectify the cause of the contamination so that the
Micro-organisms can block the fuel filter so that infection does not recur. It is usually fuel that
the engine runs unevenly or stops. They can also has been stored for a long time, with little
pass the filter and form damaging coatings on movement, without draining the condensation,
different parts of the injection system. for example in a container, barrel or auxiliary
tank.
Water-separating fuel filters are a major
customer requirement in markets with fuel Different diagnostic agents and anti-bacterial
quality problems. A water-separating filter is an fuel additives are available on the market. When
option on PDE and HPI engines. The filter is the fuel system has been thoroughly cleaned, an
standard equipment on engines with XPI. In anti-bacterial agent can be added at the first
addition, water-separating filters on vehicles refuelling in order to ensure successful
with PDE and HPI engines are fitted with a decontamination. Continuous use can damage
drain tap, while those on XPI engines have no the fuel system and is not recommended.
drain tap. In these engines the water is
channelled back to the fuel tank.
However, water-separating filters are no IMPORTANT!
guarantee that there will not be water in the fuel. Fuel additives can contain substances that are
The small amount of water that can precipitate dangerous to the environment and health. Take
in diesel (<0.02%) passes through the filter, but care to follow the manufacturers instructions
is relatively harmless. Large amounts of water for handling and dosing.
are separated up to a certain point. If the fuel
pick-up unit sucks in pure water at the bottom of
the tank the filter will collapse, allowing water
and dirt to pass into the engine. Over time, this
can cause engine damage.
To prevent water from being transported
through the fuel system and causing engine
damage, the fuel tank must be checked during
inspections. If the fuel tank contains water, it
must be removed.
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Fuel
Fuel properties
Permissible limits for e.g. density, viscosity,
cetane rating and filtration ability of diesel are
indicated in the European standard EN 590.
Density
Viscosity
The viscosity is a measurement of how viscous
or fluid the fuel is. The density and viscosity
normally correspond to one another.
Cetane rating
The cetane rating is a measure of the ability of
the diesel to ignite. If the cetane rating is below
the recommended values according to EN 590,
the vehicle may be difficult to start. In extreme
cases, engine damage may occur.
Filtration ability
This refers to the lowest temperature at which
the diesel can be used without clogging the fuel
filter and fuel lines.
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Fuel
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Fuel
Biodiesel EN 14214
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Fuel
Biodiesel EN 14214 is produced from methanol The following conditions must be fulfilled if
and vegetable oils and is biodegradable. Scania diesel engines are to be run on more than
8% Biodiesel EN 14214.
1 Biodiesel EN 14214 must conform to
How should Biodiesel EN 14214 EN 14214.
be used?
The customer must meet costs related to
Biodiesel EN 14214 can be used in vehicles fuel quality if the fuel does not conform to
with a particulate filter. EN 14214.
Engines and vehicles that must not use 2 Shorter oil change intervals for engine
Biodiesel EN 14214 or mixtures containing it, oil.
are specified in the section Use of biodiesel in
Scania engines. The boiling point of Biodiesel EN 14214 is
higher than for diesel, which means that the
Other engines and vehicles may use more than fuel does not evaporate if it gets into the oil
8% Biodiesel EN 14214 if the following sump. To avoid the risk of running on thin
conditions have been met. oil, the oil changes must be carried out
more frequently. Extended oil change
intervals are not possible.
For more information about change
intervals for engine oil, engine oil filters
and fuel filters, refer to the preface of the
relevant inspection programme.
3 Engine oil viscosity grade and level
The viscosity grade of the oil should be
xW-40. However, xW-30 grade oils are
unsuitable due to the fuel dilution effect.
The engine oil level must be checked
regularly.
If the oil level exceeds the maximum level,
the oil must be changed.
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Fuel
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Fuel
Deviations
If deviations occur when running the vehicle on
Biodiesel EN 14214 rather than diesel, these
must be reported to a Scania distributor so that
they can be reported to the factory.
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Fuel
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Fuel
Ethanol
Scania only approves ethanol ED95 as fuel for Quality requirements for ethanol
the DC9E 02 engine.
The fuel must be of the type ED95. For both
technical and environmental reasons, no other
Ethanol in hot climates type of ethanol is recommended.
There may be problems starting in hot climates. The fuel consists of approximately 95%
Starting problems are caused by the fuel boiling azeotropic denatured ethanol and 5% ignition
in the fuel system when the engine is switched improver. Azeotropic means that the ethanol is
off. If the vehicle is equipped with a booster at such a high concentration that it is not possible
pump, this is used when starting. to remove any more water.
Content of ethanol fuel:
Ethanol in cold climates Ethanol (E95)
Starting the vehicle from cold, below -20C, Ignition improver (Beraid 3555)
increases the amount of white smoke and
condensed moisture significantly. Always use Lubrication improver (Ethomen)
the engine heater in cold conditions. The engine
heater counteracts engine wear when starting the Colorant (only in Sweden)
vehicle from cold and therefore increases the
engine service life. Corrosion inhibitor
Denaturant
Comply with local regulations when using
denaturant.
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Fuel
Gas engines
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Fuel
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Exhaust system
Exhaust system
Quality requirements
In order for the emission control to meet the Reductant is extremely corrosive, especially to
emission requirements set by the public aluminium and copper. Any spillages on metal
authorities, the reductant should be specified in and electrical connections should be rinsed off as
accordance with ISO 22241. soon as possible. Water, preferably warm, works
very well for cleaning purposes. Reductant can
dry out and form white or greyish brown crystals
Reductant or deposits. Dense deposits which are formed as
a result of heat may need to be scraped off or
Reductant is a urea solution normally known as heated to more than 500C.
AdBlue, DEF or ARLA 32 depending on the
market. On the SCR, the reductant is added to Reductant has a low surface tension and rapidly
the exhaust gases before the catalytic converter. spreads over large areas, which then become
As a result the emissions of nitrogen oxides are very slippery. Therefore, wash off any spillages,
reduced. especially on metal and electrical connections as
soon as possible.
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Transmission
Transmission
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Transmission
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Transmission
Oil grade
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Transmission
GRSOH901R, ZF Transmatic
*** See the ZF list of lubricants, which can be
downloaded from the ZF website, www.zf.com.
Click the heading Products & Services, select
Service Center under the Service Portfolio tab,
select ZF List of Lubricants under Lubricants &
Steel, select the list of lubricants required
TE-ML XX.
IMPORTANT!
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Transmission
Automatic gearboxes
Allison
Oil volumes
All volumes are approximate. Check the levels
and top up as necessary.
Add approx. 1 litre of oil if the vehicle is fitted
with a retarder.
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Transmission
ZF
More information
For further information see ZF home page,
www.zf.com.
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Transmission
Clutch
All volumes are approximate. Check the levels
and top up as necessary.
Power take-offs
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Transmission
Retarder, Scania
IMPORTANT!
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Transmission
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Transmission
IMPORTANT!
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Chassis
Chassis
Washer fluid
Oil grade
At temperatures <-20C:
Hydraulic oil with max 1,500 cST at -40C.
Hydraulic system: Tail lift ISO VG 22 and VG 32, ISO 11158 HV and DIN
51524 HVLP.
Hydraulic system: 2-way approx. 47 l HV 46 DIN 51,524 HVLP
tipper truck, LOHR (10.53)
Hydraulic system: 2-way approx. 55 l HV 46 DIN 51,524 HVLP
tipper truck, CIF (10.53)
Hydraulic system: Rear tipper 6x4 and 6x6 ISO VG 15 (-40C to -10C)
truck (15 m3, 16 m3, 20 m3) approx.: ISO VG 22 (Northern Europe)
approx. 52 l ISO VG 32 (Southern Europe)
8x4: approx. ISO VG 46 (+40C to +50C)
79 l
Hydraulic system: Rear tipper approx. 79 l ISO VG 15 (-40C to -10C)
truck 18 m3 ISO VG 22 (Northern Europe)
ISO VG 32 (Southern Europe)
ISO VG 46 (+40C to +50C)
Hydraulic system: Rear tipper approx. 100 l ISO VG 15 (-40C to -10C)
truck 12 m3 ISO VG 22 (Northern Europe)
ISO VG 32 (Southern Europe)
ISO VG 46 (+40C to +50C)
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Chassis
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Chassis
Chassis grease
Grease 8371C in accordance with this standard is used for various
lubrication points on the chassis.
The grease must not contain any lumps or solid particles that could
affect its use.
Temperature range: -30C to +100C
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Chassis
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Chassis
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