BMCM 3743 Design for Vibration Supression

Mechanical Vibrations Example problems

Problem 1 Figure 1 shows a truck carrying a missile. To transport the heavy weapon, the truck
has to pass a rough road which can be modeled as y(t) = 0.1 sin 100t m. It is pro-
posed to design the truck suspensions (14 parallel units) by choosing the best ma-
terial damping c and stiffness k to meet requirements for safety. The requirements
are:

The displacement of the missile (and its base) should be no more than 2 cm.
At resonance, the transmissibility should be at least 5.
It should also be capable of isolating the shock impulse with the duration time
of 0.1 second.

(a) Sketch first the SDOF model. Assuming vibration fully transmitted to the sus-
pensions (Neglect the stiffness of the tyres).
(b) Calculate without using the transmissibility graph. The total mass of the mis-
sile and the base are 1000 kg.

Figure 1: A missile transport truck.

 Mechanical Vibrations BMCM 3743

Problem 2 A motor is mounted on a platform which is observed to vibrate excessively at an op-

erational speed of 6000 RPM, producing a 250 N force. Design a vibration absorber
(undamped) to add to the platform. Note that in this case, the absorber mass will
only be allowed to move 2 mm because of geometric size and constraints.
Problem 3 Figure 2 shows a pipe with mass m carrying steam through a section of a factory
which vibrates violently when the driving pump hits its constant frequency of
its operation. To reduce the vibration, an absorber with mass ma and stiffess ka is
attached to the pipe.

Figure 2: A pipe-absorber system.

(a) If F is the amplitude of force acting on the pipe due to the pump, write down
the equations of motion for both the pipe and the absorber. Assuming each
pipe support has stiffness k/2 and damping constant c/2. Damping in the ab-
sorber is neglected and only vertical motion is considered.
(b) Show that the vibration of the pipe can be completely suppressed to zero by
tunning the natural frequency of the absorber to be the same as the frequency
operation of the pump.
(c) Show that in the case of (b) the dynamic absorber will have the opposite force
(or displacement) from that of the pipe.
(d) The issue of spring size (stiffness), deflection and mass of the absorber places
a geometric limitation on the vibration absorber design. What should the ab-
sorber stiffness be if the absorber deflection must not exceed 2 mm and the
weight should be no more than 0.25 times the weight of the pump? Assume
the operation speed of the pump is 1000 RPM and this produces excitation
F = 100 N to the pipe.

Example problems 2 UTeM, 2010