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Name: ___Jake Fischer___

Date: __May 26, 2017__
Period: ___9___
Final Exam Study Guide
Directions: Answer the following questions below. I will collect your study guides the day of the Final to
grade.
Good luck studying!
Format:
Map
Multiple Choice
True and False
Countries:
North Korea Brazil
South Korea Cuba
Japan Peru
China Colombia
Germany Panama
United Kingdom Haiti
United Kingdom Quebec
Italy British Colombia
Spain Ontario
Greece Alberta
Mexico Newfoundland and Labrador

Questions:

East Asian Unit

1.) What is the history of Chinas economy?
In 1949, Communists promised to modernize China by encouraging industrial growth,
which ended up leading to more failures than successes.
2.) What is Confucianism?
A religion created by a Chinese philosopher that believed in respect for one's ancestors
and that in an organized society, children should obey their parents, and the parents
should obey the government and their emperor.
3.) What is Chinas population? How large are cities and provinces?
1.34 billion people. Between 40-50 cities have populations of more than one million
people.
4.) What will China allow couples to do in China? When its propaganda didnt work, what did China
do?
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To have two children instead of one like the One-Child Policy states it failed so they began
to put penalties on having more than one child.
5.) Who was Genghis Khan? What did he do?
A leader who united all of the Mongol clans and led them to conquer much of Asia. He
created the largest unified land empire in history.
6.) What are the examples of China going to Taiwan?
The Chinese migrated to Taiwan from the Fujian province after famine stuck.
7.) What is the Naadam festival?
The Festival of the Three Games of Men, begins on July 11th each year and dates
back 2,300 years. The three games are archery, wrestling, and horse racing.
8.) What was the economy like under the Communist government in Mongolia? When the Soviet
Union fell what happened?
The state owned most of Mongolian factories. When the soviet union fell mongolia
was one of the first countries to try and make the shift to a market economy.
9.) What are the economic tigers of Asia? What does this mean?
Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea. The nation has rapid economic growth because
of cheap labor, high technology, and aggressive exports.
10.) Historically, what led to the division of Korea? (Hint: Japan and Soviets)
Japan being defeated in WWII the northern half of Korea was controlled by the
Soviets while the southern half was supported by the United States, Korea was split at the
38th parallel.
11.) Why did the United States get involved? Why did China enter the war? How would World War III
happen?
The U.S. viewed it as an international war against communism. China entered the
war because they felt like the fighting was getting too close to their border so they
attacked in self-defense.
12.) What happened at the summer Olympics held in Sydney, Australia?
North and South Korea's athletes came into the Olympic Arena under the same flag
showing signs of a unified Korea.
13.) Why would North and South Korea form an economic powerhouse?
North Korea could provide raw materials and natural resources for South Korea's
industries.
14.) Who is Amaterasu? What is significant about this name?
The Japanese sun goddess. By claiming descent, the Yamato clan became the ruling
clan of Japan.
15.) Who were the shoguns?
The generals of the Japanese army and they had the power of dictators. All officials,
judges, and armies were under their authority.
16.) What was the impact of this decision on Japan? Due to this impact, what did Japan decide to do?
Japan managed to fight off Mongolian invasion. The Portugueses came and brought
firearms and Christianity.
17.) What happened on August 6, 1945? What happened three days later? How many people died?
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The Enola Gay air plane dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, 3 days later
another atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. 70,000 to 80,000 people were killed.
18.) What would happen in the invasion of Japan? What was the Manhattan Project?
Germany had already surrendered, the U.S. was closing in on victory in the Pacific,
and the Allies feared an invasion of the main Japanese island because the estimated
casualties were around 250,000. They feared Germany would be the first country to
develop an atomic bomb, so the U.S. began constructing an atomic bomb that costed
nearly 2 billion dollars.
19.) What is a tsunami? How do the Japanese prepare for disasters?
A wave of destructive power that can reach up to 100 feet high. They established a
strict building code.
20.) What are the people and products of Japan?
They have more than 127 million people with few minorities. They make cars,
trucks, and electrical equipment.

European Unit

21.) What is the Northern European Plain?

One of the most fertile agricultural regions in the world, It is flat and very desirable
for farming. Napoleon and the French and Nazi Germany used it to invade Russia.
22.) What is the Mediterranean Climate? How does it exist?
The summers are hot and dry with clear, sunny skies while winters are moderate
and wet. It exists because mountains block the cold.
23.) How was Venice built? Why is Venice gradually sinking?
Sinking wooden pillars into the swampy land and building on top of those pillars. It
is sinking because the weight of the buildings is so much also rising sea levels as well as
the removal of too much water pumping.
24.) What did experts worry about a few years ago, involving the Greece debt crisis? Have bailouts
worked? Explain.
Greece's financial problem is spreading to the rest of the world. I don't think the bailouts
have worked because the economy has shrunk by 25% in just five years and
unemployment is above 25%, and most of the bailout money has gone towards paying off
international debts.
25.) What led to city states?
The movement of people from the north onto the Balkan Peninsula and building
villages in the mountains. Since theses villages are so isolated from others they developed
into city-states.
26.) What occurred to lead to the collapse of ancient Greece?
A series of wars with Persia that weakened the city-state.
27.) Since it was so large, what did Rome do? What happened?
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Rome split into a western half and an eastern half. The western half grew weak and
was eventually conquered by invaders from Germany in the north, The other half lasted
about 1000 years longer.
28.) What was the Bubonic Plague? How was it transmitted?
A disease transmitted by traders from Asia, the plague began with the disease living in the
guts of fleas, fleas then bite the rats and infect them, Then rats would then come into
contact with humans and the fleas would jump off of the dying rats and onto the humans,
humans then spread it through coughing, sneezing, and other bodily fluids.
29.) What was the Protestant Reformation? What did Martin Luther write? What did it say?
The 16th century religious, political, and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic
Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the
modern era.
30.) What was Realpolitik?
Politics/decisions based on the needs of the state rather than ideological or moral
reasons.
31.) How did the tangled alliance lead to WWI?
Germany wanted to gain power but they had to keep France weak. Germany,
Austria, and Italy then formed an alliance with each other and Britain formed an alliance
with Germany and France. So if one country was fighting its allies has to come and help
them.
32.) What was ultimatum delivered to Serbia by the Austro-Hungarian ambassador? What happened
after this?
The Serbian government must wipe out terrorist organizations and allow an
independent investigation on the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. After this
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
33.) What were conditions like in Germany right before the end of WWI?
The German army was running low on supplies and they were exhausted, the
people of Germany were starving, and there were revolts in Germany.
34.) What was the Treaty Versailles?
Stated the unconditional surrender of the Central Powers, broke up the Austrian
Empire and created the new states of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, Germany's colonies
across the globe were now under Allied control, and the Rhineland between Germany and
France became a demilitarized zone. War Guilt Clause stated that Germany alone was
responsible for starting the war, they had to pay 5 billion dollars each year to each of the
countries involved in the war until 1921, and Germany would have 30 years to pay an
undetermined amount of money.
35.) What led to the rise of Hitler?
Germans were still angered and humiliated about their defeat in WWI.
36.) What is Lebensraum?
German Living Space. It was being created to make more space for the new master
Arian race to live and thrive.
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37.) What started WWII? What happened?

The German invasion of Poland, Britain and France were fed up so they declared war
on Germany.
38.) What was Operation Sea Lion? What did some generals urge?
An attack by sea, Germany invaded Britain in order to destroy the RAF. Some
generals urged Hitler to not pursue Britain but he ignored them.
39.) What were the results of the Battle of Britain?
Hitler had to cancel the invasion, and Germans air force would never recover from
the losses of experienced pilots.
40.) What was Operation Barbarossa? What were the mistakes of the Germans during Operation
Barbarossa?
An invasion of Russia, but mistakes like coming undersupplied and coming as conquerors
instead of liberators lead to failure.
41.) What was Stalingrad?
A city named after the Soviet Union's leader, Josef Stalin.
42.) Why did Hitler fail to repel the invasion?
He was fighting a two front war and they did not have enough supplies to fight the
war.
43.) What was happening to Germany as it was on the run?
In order to prolong the war and want to make the allies sign a peace agreement,
Hitler's generals made a plan to launch a massive attack. .
44.) What happened during the Battle of the Bulge?
The Germans took the Americans by surprise by creating a 45 mile wide by 165 mile
deep bulge in the U.S. lines. Turning point in war.
45.) Who was considered a full, half, and quarter Jew?
A full Jew was considered someone with three or more Jewish grandparents. A half
Jew if they were married to a Jew or had been a member in the Jewish community, or if
someone had two or more Jewish grandparents, a quarter Jew if they had one Jewish
grandparent.
46.) What were the Einsatzgruppen?
Special German killing units.
47.) What were the problems for the Nazis?
The Einsatzgruppen were taking valuable troops and supplies such as bullets from
the front, it was causing psychological problems for the Germans because it was hard
killing women and children, and the ghettos were costing money.
48.) What was the Wannsee Conference?
A conference held in Berlin where 15 Nazi officials met and informed and secure
support from the government ministries and other interested agencies that would be
involved in the Final Solution.
49.) Who was Josef Mengele?
A scientist that became the Chief Camp Physician at Auschwitz, known as the
"Angel of Death", he usually did the selections, he performed medical experiments on
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people and twins, and he had a fascination for twins with which he injected with diseases,
performed surgeries without pain meds.
50.) What have been recent conflicts in Europe?
Immigration in which an increasing number of guest workers came to Western Germany
from.
51.) What is devolution?
Forces whereby regions or people within a state, through negotiation and active
rebellion, demand and gain political strength and sometimes even independence.
52.) What are satellite states?
Satellite states are nations divided by a single region.
53.) What happened to Eastern Europe after the Soviet Union collapsed and they voted out
communism?
Most of the Eastern European countries held free elections and ended communism,
but instability followed.
54.) What have European governments done to protect their way of life? Why have they done this?
What are examples of this?
Economic indifference, it is brought upon by materializations of the EU and
materializations brought upon with it. This group is known as the European Motors and
they bypass and engage in business nationally and internationally. People borders are
finding more and more in common that the countries they belong to.

Latin American Unit

55.) What was the Amazon River?

A river that flows about 4,000 miles from the West coast emptying into the Atlantic
Ocean. It is fed by about 1,000 tributary rivers. The Amazon carries more water to
the ocean than any other river.
56.) What are the energy resources located in this region?
Oil, coal, natural gas, uranium, and hydroelectric power.
57.) Who was Quetzalcoatl? What was the impact of this belief?
A god worshiped by Toltec and Aztec people. They believed he would come back
and bring peace, so when the Spanish conquistadors came they thought they were Gods.
58.) What occurred during the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs?
Hernando Cortes came into Tenochtitlan with an army of Spanish conquistadors before the
Aztecs were conquered by Spain.
59.) What was the hacienda? What was the impact of the natives? What powers did it have?
Land that brought social prestige. They had military, judicial, political, spiritual, and
financial powers.
60.) Who was Porfirio Diaz?
A dishonest politician who ruled Mexico for 30 years.
61.) Aztec Empire?
These were what the Aztecs believed made the sun rise because they believed that
it ran on human blood.
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62.) Who are the mestizos?

People of mixed Spanish and Native American heritage.
63.) What are the safety and emigration issues?
Drug trafficking and brutal gangs competing to control drug trade.
64.) How was the Panama Canal built?
The United States encouraged a Panamanian revolution against Colombia, which
succeeded. As a result Panama granted the U.S. permission.
65.) Explain the Mayans and aspects of their Empire. How did the Mayans decline?
The Mayans had built a series of city-states with temples and palaces. Nobody know
what really happen to them but people think their disappearance could be thanks to
exhausted environment, drought, and war.
66.) Explain the process of Haitian independence.
Haiti gaining their independence from France was the first time a successful slave revolt
took place.
67.) Why were natives moved to towns?
So they could be contained easier, also this made containment easier if they started
conflict. the natives were also kept in the same section as each other.
68.) In 1959, a group of revolutionaries led by who gained control of Cuba? What was the breaking
point between Cuba and the United States?
An agreement with the Soviet Union.
69.) Who Francisco Pizarro? Why did he come to South America? What did he do to the Incan
Empire?
He was the conquistador that conquered the Incas. He came to find gold and silver.
He eventually conquered the Incas with his troops.
70.) What did natives tell the Spanish about the city of gold?
They told them lies about where it was in order to get them to leave but it failed.
71.) What was the make-up and organization of the conquistadors?
Most were commoners seeking wealth most of them were single men, they
eventually married the natives, their ultimate goal was to return to Spain and live as nobles
but very few accomplished this.
72.) What were the independence movements in South America? What was their effect?
They were inspired by the American Revolution and the French Revolution. As a result the
layout of South America would never be the same.
73.) Why is Chile a success story? What has been the history of Chilean education?
They once had great education programs, but a military group took over Chile and
ruined the education program but the program is on the rise again.
74.) What happened when Napoleon invaded Portugal?
The Portuguese Royal Family boarded ships that sailed to Brazil.
75.) Explain Brazilian independence.
Brazilians signed a petition asking Dom Pedro to rule Brazil.
76.) What are the challenges of the Olympic organizers are facing?
Domestic ticket sales being sluggish and the buildings for biking and track and field are
still not completed.
77.) What are Brasilia, Sao Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro the capital, the center, and the heart of?
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They are the capital of the country (Brasilia), the heart of the economy (Sao Paulo),
and the cultural center (Rio de Janiero).
78.) What is Brasilia? Explain all aspects. What has been the reason for the migration to the interior?
It is Brazils capital and was built in the interior to draw people inland because of jobs.
79.) What happened in Argentina?
As many as 30,000 supporters of political reform mysteriously disappear.
80.) What is an oligarchy?
Government by the few

The United States and Canadian Unit

81.) Explain the characteristics of Montreal.

A major port city and Canada's second largest city. The temperature is below
freezing more than 100 days each year.
82.) Explain the characteristics of Los Angeles.
Has a mild-climate year round, the rapid population growth brings many problems
such as air pollution, inadequate water supplies, and construction on earthquake-
threatened land. The city covers 479 square miles while the metropolitan area covers
about 5,700 square miles.
83.) What was the transcontinental railroads?
The first one was completed across the United States in 1869 and Canada's was
completed in 1865.
84.) What is the Trans-Canada Highway?
The primary roadway in Canada that stretches 4,860 miles.
85.) What was the Battle of Manassas or Bull Run?
The plan was to head to the railway junction at Manassas, Virginia and march into
Richmond. The Union was absolutely crushed.
86.) What were the struggles of the North and South to start the War?
The North was lacking good war generals and the South lacked supplies and troops
and they would not be able to fight a long war.
87.) What was the Battle of Antietam? What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
The bloodiest day of fighting, 12,410 Union soldiers died and 13,724 Confederate
soldiers died. Abraham Lincoln freed the slaves.
88.) What happened during the Battle of Chancellorsville? All events.
The Union army was on Lee's flank, the union army was twice the size of the Confederate
army stationed there, Lee and Jackson split their forces and surrounded the Union army,
Jackson attacked Union army, but he was shot by his own men.
89.) What happened at the Battle of Gettysburg?
The turning point of the war, Lee's last invasion of the North, he lost 60% of his men
in three days of fighting.
90.) What occurred to end the Civil War?
Grant invaded Virginia and William Sherman invaded the South from the west.
91.) What happened during westward movement in the United States?
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It caused a lot of social unrest.

92.) What has been the United States role in the global society?
Originally it was an industrial based economy to now providing service and
information economy.
93.) What were the several examples of social change in the last half of the 20th century?
Civil rights movements for African Americans and feminist movements for women
as well as student protests.
94.) What occurred to lead to the 2008 recession? What occurred during the recession?
People took out mortgages on houses that they couldn't afford to pay back. The U.S.
housing market collapsed 8 million people lost their jobs.
95.) What are the aspects and characteristics of the executive branch?
Made up of the President and Vice President, president is chief executive that they
are in charge of enforcing the acts of Congress, judgements of federal courts, and treaties
signed by the U.S. The president is also the commander-in-chief. The Vice President has
very little constitutional power, they become president if something happens to them and
they can perform their duties though.
96.) What are the aspects and characteristics of the legislative branch?
Broken up into the House of Representatives and Senate, had enumerated powers given to
Congress by the Constitution that allowed them to draft bills to send to the president to
become laws, right to collect and spend taxes, power of purse meaning they can cut
funding on things they don't like and increase funding on things they do like, regulate
commerce or trade between states, and the power to declare war.
97.) What are the aspects and characteristics of the judicial branch?
Members are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate, there is no
set number of justices or the years they serve in their terms, and they interpret the
meaning of a law, to decide whether a law is relevant to a particular set of facts, or to rule
on how a law should be applied.
98.) What are the characteristics of the Northeast? What is a megalopolis?
It covers 5% of the nation's land, 20% of the nation's population lives here, considered a
gateway for immigrants.
99.) What are the characteristics of the Midwest?
Has fertile soil, adequate rainfall, and a favorable climate.
100.)
101.) How has the American West developed?
Air conditioning and irrigation have led people to move here as well as people leaving the
large city of Los Angeles.
102.) What occurred during the colonization of Canada by France and Britain?
France and Britain began challenging each other's territorial claims leading to conflicts and
Britain splitting Canada.
103.) What led to the creation of the Dominion of Canada? What was it?
The conflicts between the French and British had ended but Britain decided that Canada
was in need of a reform.
104.) Where do most Canadians live?
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Within 100 miles of the U.S. border.

105.) Currently what is Canadas government set-up? Explain all characteristics.
They are a parliamentary government which means that legislative and executive
functions are combined into one legislature.