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Fundatii in Conditii Speciale
Fundatii in Conditii Speciale
PROIECT
FUNDATII SPECIALE PENTRU CLADIRI
-2016
TEMA 1
~1~
Pamanturi sensibile la umezire
Identificarea si caracterizarea amplasamentului se va realiza utilizand NP 125/2013.
Argila = 36%
Praf = 46%
Nisip = 18%
Cunoastem:
g greutatea volumica in stare naturala
g = 18,02 [KN/m3]
gs greutatea volumica a scheletului mineral
gs = 26.7 [KN/m3]
W umiditatea naturala
W = 23,4%
Wp limita inferioara de plasticitate
Wp =18%
WL limita superioara de plasticitate
WL = 38%
~2~
Tasarea suplimentara prin umezire 100, 200, 300 KPa
1= 1 [daN/cm2]
2= 2 [daN/cm2]
3= 3 [daN/cm2]
np 1 = 2.4 %
np 2 = 4.2 %
n
p 3 = 5.6 %
ip 1 = 3.0 %
ip 2 = 6.6 %
i
p 3 = 9.0 %
=29o
c =15 KPa =0.15 daN/cm2
~3~
W=23,4 %
WP=18 %
WL=38 %
gs= 26.7 [KN/m3]
g=18,02 [KN/m3]
g = gS*(1-n)*(1+W)
n = 0.459
n 0.459
e = 1n = 10.459 = 0,849
W LW 3824,3
IC = IP = 20 = 0,73
IP = WL-WP = 38-18 = 20 %
- Coeficient de permeabilitate K=10-4
- Presiunea de umflare Pu = 6 KPa
P 3P 1 300100
M n13 = n n = = 62,5
p 3 p 1 5,62,4
n
P 3P 2 300200
M 23 = = = 71,42
np 3 np 2 5,64,2
i
P 3P 1 300100
M 13 = = = 33,33
np 3 np 1 9,03,0
P 3P 2 300200
M i23 = = = 41,66
np 3 np 2 9,06,6
i
im1 = Im100 = p 1 - np 1 = 3,0 2,4 = 0.6 %
i
im2 = Im200 = p 2 - np 2 = 6,6 4,2 = 2.4 %
i n
im3 = Im300 = p 3 - p3 =9,0 5,6 = 3.4 %
~4~
~5~
1= 100 tf1 = 70
2= 200 tf2 = 120
3= 300 tf3 = 178
3
i = 1+2+3 = 6
1
i
3
2 2
= (1+2+3 = 36
1
3
i2 = 1+4+9=14
1
fi = 0.70+1,2+1,78 = 3.68
1 fi
= 1*0.70+2*1.2+3*1,78 = 8,44
38.4463.68
tg= 31436 =0.5428,36 29
143.6868.44
c= 6 = 0.14614,615
f3
1 fi + 2 f 2+ 3 ( 1+ 2+ 3)(
f1 + f 2+3 )
1+ 2+ 3
tg=
3( 12+ 22+ 32 )
3
1+2+3
3( 1 +22 +32 )
2
tg= = 0.54
3( 10.70+21.2+31.78 ) (1+2+3 )(0.70+1,2+1,78)
~6~
143,6868,44
c= 6 = 0.146
Ppl = ml*(*B*N1+q*N2+c*N3) [KPa]
ml = 1.4
= 18,02
B = 1,20 [m]
= 29/1,4=20,71 N1= 0.51
N2= 3.06
N3= 5.66
q= g*Df = g*1.2 = 21.624
c=15/1,25 =12
Ppl = 203.16 [KPa]
Conditii drenate:
R
A' = c*Nc*bc*sc+q*Nq*bq*sq+0.5*g*B*Ng*bg*sg
~7~
A = B*L = 1,2*1,0= 1,20 [m2]
C coeziunea efectiva;
q presiuna geologica efectiva de alcul la nivelul bazei fundatiei;
g valoarea de calcul a greutatii volumice efective a pamantului sub nivelul talpii fundatiei;
Nq/c/g factorii capacitatii portante;
Bq/c/g factorii inclinarii bazei fundatiei;
B,L latimea efectiva a fundatiei;
unghiul de inclinare a bazei fundatiei fata de orizontala
C = 15 KPa
= 29o
=0
29
Nq = e*tan *tan2*(45o+ 2 ) = e*tan 29*tan2*(45o+ 2 ) = 16,41
bq = (1-*tan)2 = 1
1bq
bc = bq - Nctan = 1
bg= bc = 1
- forma rectangulara:
Sq/c/g factorii formei bazei fundatiei
B 1.2
Sq = 1+ L *sin= 1+ 1.0 *sin 29 = 1.58
B 1.2
Sg= 1- 0.3* L = 1- 0.3* 1.0 = 0.64
SqNq1 1.5816.411
Sc = Nq1 = 16,411 = 1.61
R = (15 * 27,74 * 1 * 1.61+ 21.6 * 16,41 * 1 * 1.58 + 0.5 * 18 * 1.20 * 7.98 * 0.64) * 1.20
=1542.14 kN
R 1542.14
Rd = d = 1.25 = 1233.71 kN
Vd = 405,8 kN
Vd < Rd ( se verifica)
Conditii nedrenate:
~8~
R
A = (+2)*cu*bc*sc*ic+q
12
bc = +2 = 0.61
B 1.2
sc = 1+0.2* L = 1+0.2* 1.0 = 1.24
ic =
1
2 *(1+ 1
H
A Cu ) =
'
1
2 *(1+ 1
1,50
1.2018.75 ) = 0.98
H A*cu
A= B*L = 1,2*1.0 = 1.20 [m2]
Cu = 15*1.25=18.75
R
A = ((+2)*18.75*0.61*1.24*0.98+21.6 ) = 93.06
R= 93.06*1.2 = 111,67
R 111.67
Rd = d = 1.25 = 89,33
Vd = 405.08 kN
Vd > Rd (nu se verifica)
TEMA 2
Calculul tasarilor suplimentare posibile prin umezire a P.S.U
Pe amplasamentul identificat la tema nr.1, se amplaseaza o fundatie cu dimensiunile in
plan BxL (1.20x1.0) m, cu adancimea de fundare Df = 1.20 m.
Se cere:
~9~
1) Tasarea suplimentara prin umezire sub sarcina geologica Img
n n
g 1 = g * 1.0 = 18*1.0 = 18 g 1 = 0.2
ig 1 = sat i
* 1.0 = 19*1.0 = 19 g 1 = 0.6
i i
g 2 = sat * 2.0 = 19*2.0 = 38 g 2 = 1.2
ig 3 i
= sat * 3.0 = 19*3.0 = 57 g 3 = 2.0
i i
g4 = sat * 4.0 = 19*4.0 = 76 g 4 = 2.6
i i
g5 = sat * 5.0 = 19*5.0 = 95 g 5 = 2.8
i n
img1= g 1 - g 1 = 0.6 - 0.2 = 0.4
i n
img2= g 2 - g 2 = 1.2 - 0.8 = 0.4
i n
img3= g 3 - g 3 = 2.0 1.6 = 0.4
i n
img4= g 4 - g 4 = 2.6 2.2 = 0.4
i n
img5= g 5 - g 5 = 2.8 2.4 = 0.4
z = 0 * Pnet
L Z
0
= f ( B;B
~ 10 ~
Z
B = 0.8 0 = 0.8 z = 0 * Pnet = 0,8*316,56 = 253,24
L
= 0,83 inf
z = 0 * Pnet = 0.55*316,56= 174,1
B
med sz + iz 316,56+174,10
z1 = 2 = 2 = 213,67
Z
B = 1,8 0 = 0.55 z = 0 * Pnet = 0.55*316,56= 174,1
L inf
B = 0,83 z = 0 * Pnet = 0.31*316,56 = 98,13
med sz + iz 174.1+98.13
z2 = 2 = 2 = 136,11
Z
B = 2,8 0 = 0.31 z = 0 * Pnet = 0.31*316,56 = 98,13
L inf
B = 0,83 z = 0 * Pnet = 0.21*316,56 = 66,47
med sz + iz 98.13+66.47
z3 = 2 = 2 = 82,3
Z
B = 3.80 0 = 0.21 z = 0 * Pnet = 0.21*316,56 = 66,47
L
= 0,83 inf
z = 0 * Pnet = 0.16*316,56 = 50,64
B
~ 11 ~
Z
B = 4,8 0 = 0.16 z = 0 * Pnet = 0.16*316,56 = 50,64
L
= 0,83 inf
z = 0 * Pnet = 0.13*316,56 = 41,15
B
n med
t = gz+ z
n n
t 1 = 18+213,67 = 231,67 p 1 = 4.6
it med
= gz+ z
i i
t 1 = 19+213,67 = 232,67 p 1 = 7.0
i i
t 2 = 38+136,11 = 174,11 p 2 = 5.4
it 4 i
= 76+58,55 = 134,55 p 4 = 3.4
i i
t 5 = 95+45,89 = 140,89 p 5 = 3.4
i n
imp1= p 1 - p 1 = 7.0 - 4.6 = 2.4
i n
imp2= p 2 - p 2 = 5.4 3.6 = 1.8
i n
imp3= p 3 - p 3 = 4.0 3.2 = 0.8
i n
imp4= p 4 - p 4 = 3.4 2.8 = 0.6
i n
imp5= p 5 - p 5 = 3.4 2.8= 0.6
~ 12 ~
3) Tasarea totala suplimentara prin umezire
TEMA 3
Calculul umflarii pamanturilor expansive (P.U.C.M.)
Teren de fundare Argila grasa / NP126
Df= -1.2 [m]
Argila de Bahlui PUCM
Compozitia granulometrica
Argila = 88%
Praf = 12%
De trasat curba granulometrica si de determinat A0, 0,002
W=20%
WP=15%
WL=50%
gs= 27 [KN/m3]
g=19.2 [KN/m3]
Se calculeaza:
Ip
N,e,gS,g,gd,gw, A0, 0,002, IA= A 0, 0,002
Pentru deterinarea umflarii s-a folosit metodata incercarii edometrice duble, obtinandu-se
valorile umflarii relative:
W LW 5020
IC = IP = 35 = 0.857
IP = WL-WP = 50-15 = 35
n 0.496
e = 1n = 10.496 = 0.984
g = gS*(1-n)*(1+W)
~ 13 ~
19.3
1-n = ( 1+0.20 )27 = 0.596 n = 0.496
~ 14 ~
~ 15 ~
A0, 0,002 = 50
35
IA = 50 = 0,7
N 4,058
Pef = LB = 1,01,2 = 3,3816[daN/m2] = 338,16 [KPa]
gz -0 = 19.2*0 = 0
gz -1,0 = 19.2*1,0 = 19,2
gz -2,0 = 19.2*2,0 = 38,4
gz -3,0 = 19.2*3,0 = 57,6
gz -4,0 = 19.2*4,0 = 76,8
Pnet = Pef g*Df =338,16-19.2*1.2 = 315.12 [KPa] [KN/m2]
Z=0 0 = 1.0
Z = -0.8 0 = 0.45
Z = -1.8 0 = 0.13
Z = -2.8 0 = 0.06
Z = -3.8 0 = 0.03
Z = -4.8 0 = 0.02
Presiunea de umflare
Ptotal = Pt = Pz +Pgz+Psupl
Su = s1+s2+s3+s4+s5
Ptotal 1 = 141,804 KPa = 141,804 [kN/m2]
p1 = 1.2%
Ptotal 2 = 19,2+ 40,96 KPa = 60,16 [kN/m2]
p2 = 1.6%
Ptotal 3 = 38,4+ 18,90 KPa = 57,30[kN/m2]
p3 = 1.7%
Ptotal 4 = 57,6+ 9,453KPa =67.05 [kN/m2]
p4 = 1.65%
Ptotal 5 = 76,8+6,302 KPa = 83,102 [kN/m2]
p5 = 1.55%
~ 16 ~
Su = 1.2+1.6+1.7+1.65+1.55 =7,70 cm < 10 cm
TEMA 4
Determinarea grosimii pernei de pamant
P0*(B+ H) = Pnet * B
1401,20316,561,20
H= 140 =1.51 [m]
~ 17 ~