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BIOLOGY A
EXAM UNIT 3-4
Chapters 7-14

1.) If a hybrid has a phenotype that is midway between the phenotypes of its pure-breeding parents, the trait being studied is probably
controlled by:
a. incompletely dominant alleles. c. codominant alleles.
b. multiple alleles. d. linked genes.

2.) A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait is called a:
a. pedigree. c. Punnett square.
b. karyotype. d. phenotype.

3.) In human females, meiosis produces eggs that have:

a. one X chromosome. c. two X chromosomes.
b. one Y chromosome. d. an X or a Y chromosome.

4.) How many chromosomes are found in each diploid cell of a person with Down syndrome?
a. 47 c. 45
b. 22 d. 24

5.) In guinea pigs, black color is dominant. When two hybrid black guinea pigs are crossed, the probability of producing a white guinea pig
is:
a. 0%. c. 50%.
b. 25%. d. 75%.

6.) An important function of meiosis is to:

a. increase the diploid chromosome number of a species.
b. maintain the diploid chromosome number of a species.
c. increase the number of dominant alleles.
d. increase the number of recessive alleles.

7.) A genetic disorder that produces abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and intestines is called:
a. sickle-cell anemia. c. cystic fibrosis.
b. hemophilia. d. Down syndrome.

8.) All nucleotides contain each of the following EXCEPT a:

a. protein. c. nitrogenous base.
b. sugar. d. phosphate group.

9.) If one strand of DNA has the sequence of nitrogenous bases AACTG, its complementary strand has the sequence:
a. TTGAC. c. AACTG.
b. UUBAC. d. AACUC.

10.) You are told that one of a child's parents has type A blood, while the other parent has type B blood. The child's blood type:
a. could be A, B, AB, or O. c. could be A or B only.
b. must be AB. d. could be AB or O only.

11.) Which produces offspring from a single cell of an adult?

a. hybridization c. polymerase chain reaction
b. inbreeding d. cloning

12.) The main goal of the Human Genome Project is to:

a. identify the unique parts of each person's DNA. c. identify genes responsible for human diseases.
b. identify genes responsible for human behavior. d. determine the entire sequence of human DNA.

13.) Of the alleles that determine human blood type,

a. IB and i are codominant. c. IA and i are codominant.
b. IA and IB are codominant. d. i is dominant.

14.) Sex-linked recessive traits occur:

a. more often in males than in females. c. more often in females than in males.
b. because of genes on chromosome 21. d. because of genes on autosomes.

15.) Hemophilia is caused by a(n):

a. recessive allele on the X chromosome.
b. extra chromosome.
c. codominant allele.
d. mutation in which three bases are removed from a DNA molecule.

16.) Red-green color blindness, like hemophilia, is an example of an X-linked recessive trait. Imagine a son is born to a father with normal
color vision and a mother who is a carrier of red-green color blindness. What is his probability of being red-green colorblind?
a. 0% c. 50%
b. 25% d. 100%

17.) Crossing two plants with desirable traits is an example of:

a. multiple alleles. c. selective breeding.
b. cloning. d. genetic engineering.

18.) During protein synthesis, the role of the transfer RNA is to:
a. make messenger RNA. c. make DNA.
b. carry amino acids. d. carry proteins.

19.) People with blood type A can have which allele combination(s)?
(i) IAIA
(ii) IAi
 (iii) IAIB
(iv) ii
a. (i) only c. (iii) and (iv)
b. (i) and (ii) d. (i), (ii), and (iv)

20.) Which of the following statements about RNA is FALSE?

a. RNA is single stranded. c. RNA contains uracil.
b. RNA contains thymine. d. RNA has a different sugar molecule from the sugar found in DNA.

21.) Different elements are used in radioactive dating because they have different:
a. half-lives. c. isotopes.
b. compositions of DNA. d. sedimentation rates.

22.) During his voyage on the Beagle, Darwin noticed that similar environments in different parts of the world contained:
a. the same plants and animals. c. different plants and animals.
b. no identifiable plants or animals. d. similar fossils.

23.) Natural selection depends on:

a. competition but not inherited differences. c. inherited differences but not competition.
b. both competition and inherited differences. d. either competition or inherited differences.

24.) Darwin drew support for his theory of evolution from the idea that fossils demonstrate that:
a. many ancient species are now extinct. c. dinosaurs once existed on Earth.
b. species change gradually over millions of years. d. all species share a common ancestor.

25.) Based on its name, the organism Malus sylvestris is in the:

a. genus sylvestris. c. species Malus.
b. genus Malus. d. species sylvestris.

26.) In addition to Animalia, Plantae, and Fungi, the six-kingdom system of classification includes:
a. Protista, Archaebacteria, and Eubacteria. c. Protista, Bacteria, and Monera.
b. Monera, Archaebacteria, and Eubacteria. d. Monera, Protista, and Eubacteria.

27.) Homo habilis and Homo erectus do NOT belong to the same:
a. genus. c. species.
b. order. d. family.

28.) The third smallest taxon in the Linnaean system of classification is the:
a. species. c. order.
b. family. d. genus.

29.) What can you infer about these structures?

a. they are vestigial structures c. they are analogous

b. they are homologous d. they have nothing to do with each other

30.) Which of these statements is true?

a. A higher percentage of dark moths were recaptured in the country compared to dark moths recaptured in the city.
b. A higher percentage of light and dark moths were recaptured in the country compared to light and dark moths
recaptured in the city.
c. A higher percentage of light moths were recaptured in the city compared to dark moths recaptured in the city.
d. A higher percentage of light moths were recaptured in the country compared to dark moths recaptured in the country.