S Aa Cps MV LV Prot (Rev 0 2015)

STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ELECTRIC WORKS
CONTROL-PROTECTION-SUPERVISION
( SPECIFICATION )
MV/LV SUBSTATION PROTECTION SCHEMES
(FOR GRID, PRIMARY, PACKAGE, SWITCHING, AND DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATIONS)
ADWEA/ADDC/AADC STANDARD : S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT

(REV.0-2015)
S-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev.0-2015) Page 1 of 46

MV/LV Substation Protection Schemes
CONTENTS
1 GENERAL ....................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Drawings ........................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Equipment Identification and Color Codes ....................................................................... 5
2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................... 6
2.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Required Function and Features..............................................................................6
2.1.2 Scope of Protection Requirements for Energizing of Existing / New circuits/
System.....................................................................................................................8
2.1.3 Other Requirements...10
2.1.4 Summary of Protection Requirements...12
2.2 Arrangement of Facilities ................................................................................................ 14
2.3 Cubicles, Panels and Wiring ........................................................................................... 14
2.4 Relays and Schemes ........................................................................................................ 15
2.5 Individual MV - Protection Schemes .............................................................................. 17
2.5.1 Busbar and Bus Coupler Protection ................................................................................ 17
2.5.1.1 33 kV & 22 kV Low Impedance Busbar Protection........................................................17
2.5.1.2 High Impedance Bus Bar Protection System for 33kV and 11kV........................20
2.5.2 Over-Current and Earth Fault Protection..............................................................22
2.5.3 Protection for MV - Transformer In-feeds (Secondary Side).......................................... 23
2.5.4 Protection of MV Overhead Lines .................................................................................. 23
2.5.5 Protection of MV Cable Feeders ..................................................................................... 27
2.5.6 33 kV or 22 kV / 11 kV Transformer Protection (33 kV or 22 kV Primary Side and 11 kV
Secondary Side ) .............................................................................................................. 31
2.5.7 MV / LV Transformer Protection (Station Supply)......................................................... 34
2.5.8 Overvoltage and Undervoltage Protection ...................................................................... 34
2.5.9 Load- Shedding/Frequency Relay ................................................................................... 34
2.5.10 Fault Monitoring System (FMS).....................................................................................36
3 TESTING AND INSPECTION .................................................................................... 36
3.1 General ............................................................................................................................ 36
3.2 Factory Tests ................................................................................................................... 37
3.2.1 Type Tests ....................................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2 Routine Tests ................................................................................................................... 38
3.3 Site Tests ......................................................................................................................... 39
4 SETTING REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................40
5 ENERGIZING PRE-REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................45
6 WARRANTY REQUIREMENTS................................................................................46
S-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev.0-2015) Page 2 of 46

MV/LV SUBSTATION PROTECTION SCHEMES
1. GENERAL
This part of the specification covers the design, manufacture, delivery, transportation, and
installation, testing and commissioning of all equipment/components required for the protection of
medium voltage switchgear and low voltage power network switchboards. It shall be ensured that all
protection system and associated AC/DC system equipments are located in an air conditioned
environment and any abnormality of room/environment condition through sensors and alarms are
linked to SCMS, common alarm panel and DMS.
All systems, sub-systems and components shall be of approved and reliable design. The highest
degree of uniformity and interchange ability shall be attained, as far as possible. The design shall
facilitate easy maintenance, fault diagnosis and repair of the components.
For systems such as numerical current differential and low impedance & busbar protection, relay
panels shall be supplied by the respective relay manufacturers, with relays fully assembled, wired
and tested under their close supervision and shall be fully responsible for design and engineering of
protection systems, schematic diagrams and mature performance. For other protection system, relay
panels should be supplied either from ADWEA approved relay panel or relay manufacturer, relay
manufacturers or from the ADDC/AADC approved panel manufacturers, with engineering,
manufacture and testing under the guidance of relay manufacturers. All Protection schemes shall be
enclosed Endorsed by protection relay manufactures, in case of relay panel supplied by ADWEA
approved relay panel manufactures.
Testing of protection functions, including the full schemes involving control, communication,
supervision, etc., shall be performed at the workshop (manufacturers test field/laboratory) prior to
shipment. Type test shall be performed as defined by ADWEA prequalification requirements and in
line with clause 3 of this specification. In any case, type tests shall be performed or reported
whenever there is an update of the applied relevant international standard such as IEC/IEEE
standards.
Manufacturer of the High Impedance Busbar Protection Relay shall certify the scheme of the Busbar
protection Panel Manufacturer only then it will be accepted
High Impedance Busbar protection panels shall have In Out Switch Robust one with that it shall be
possible to Short the CTs and Isolate the CT Circuits from the relay circuit when selected in the
OUT Position
For applicable technical standards, tests and general requirements reference shall be made to:
S-AA-SPC-GEN - General Requirements
(Applicable Technical Standards, Tests, etc.)
Trips and other status conditions must be indicated on the front of the switchboards in a suitable
manner.
S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 3 of 46

Trip Isolation Links to be provided as a must for the Low Impedance and high Impedance Busbar
protection panel. Without the Fuse Type Trip Isolation links the Panel will not be accepted
In addition to the local indication, remote indication facilities shall also be provided in the control
panels/alarm panels/SCMS/DMS as applicable.
All equipment as well as the terminals of the cubicles shall be easily accessible.
For all of the protection systems, cubicles shall be provided, and be placed and co-ordinated suitably
in the respective room(s).
The relays shall be mounted on the inner swing panels. The standard (swing frame) at the front of
panels shall have a glass window so that the relay panel front is always visible for the alarm LEDs
and display unit. All relays with LEDs/LCD displays/operable buttons and operable switches etc.
should be mounted below 1.8m and above 0.5m.
All relays shall be clearly labelled in relation to their functions and to the equipment to be protected
or supervised. It shall be understood that all auxiliary facilities shall be provided as necessary, i.e.
for testing, adjustment, resetting, etc. even if not explicitly specified hereafter, and deemed necessary
to complete the work.
All site acceptance tests for low impedance bus bar protection scheme shall be carried out only by
the original relay manufacturer from the Factory. All site acceptance tests for the main protection
and the differential/ circulating current protection schemes shall carried out either by the original
relay manufacturer or by an engineer certified and authorized to test by the original manufacturer.
Where appropriate, each item shall be equipped with all-necessary auxiliary switches, contactors and
mechanisms for indication, protection, metering, control, and interlocking, supervisory and other
services. All auxiliary switches and mechanisms shall be mounted in approved and accessible
positions. They shall be grouped as far as possible in accordance with their functioning. The
switches and other physical components/devices shall be clearly labelled and indicated identically in
the panels and drawings.
For 33 kV & 22 kV switchgear, dedicated protection relays should be provided for each function viz.
instantaneous/inverse time over current/earth fault (OC/EF), high speed tripping and (lockout), trip
circuit supervision (TCS) etc. For 11KV/22KV/33KV Wherever protection function such as
instantaneous/inverse time OC/EF are available on the Bay Control Protection Unit (BCPU), this is
considered to be only a supplementary feature and dedicated relays for the functions specified above
should be provided.
However, for 33kV cable/OHL feeders and 11kV system in AADC network, OC/EF function in
BCPUs could be proposed instead of dedicated OC & EF relays. All protection relays and BCPUs
shall be supplied from ADWEA approved vendor list while any warranty requirements mentioned in
the pre-qualifications letter or approval shall be complied with. However relays having performance
failures or any other technical limitations in the existing network, shall not be acceptable irrespective
of their prior approvals.

For maintenance and testing purposes, it must be possible to individually isolate the various relays.
One spare trip contact shall also be wired to the test block to facilitate scheme testing and should be
clearly labeled.
1.1 Drawings
Typical Single-Line Diagrams for MV Substation Protection are provided in the Drawings Section
as applicable:
Drawing No: Title
DWG AA CPS PROT 01 04 01 Typical Feeder Protection: Transformer 132/11kV

DWG AA CPS PROT 01 04 02 Typical Feeder Protection: Transformer 220/33kV or
132/33kV or 132/22kV
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 01 Typical Feeder Protection: Transformer 33/11kV (MV 1 /
MV 2)
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 02 Typical Feeder Protection: 11kV Underground Cable (w/o
Pilot Prot.)
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 03 Typical Feeder Protection: 33kV Underground Cable (with
Pilot Prot.)
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 04 Typical Feeder Protection: 33kV Overhead Line
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 05 Typical Feeder Protection: Station Supply
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 06 Typical Feeder Protection: MV Busbar Coupling and
Metering
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 07 Typical Feeder Protection: 33kV, 22kV or 11kV Busbar
Sectionalizer and Metering
DWG AA CPS PROT 02 09 08 Typical Feeder Protection: 33kV or 22kV Underground
Cable (with Current Differential Protection)
1.2 Equipment identification and colour codes

Separate ferrule numbering and identification shall be attached to the primary and secondary wires
connecting the protective relays and associated components, even if the numbering and identification
are printed on the wires themselves. Numbering on the ferrules should have unique identification on
both side of the wires (cross-ferrule), in addition to the terminal numbers highlighting the source and
the destination device/ terminal block and number component terminal designations to which the
wires would be terminated. These numbering should be clearly reflected on the circuit and terminal

diagrams. The identification defined above shall be strictly followed and manufactures standards
shall not be quoted as reason for not following the same.unctions specified above should ements,
soft version in order to have a proper database and easy reference.
For further LV/MV Protection System identification specifications, reference shall be made to
Standard Technical Specification, Part:
S-AA-GEN-ID - Component Marking
2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
2.1 General
The general purpose of the protection equipment is to isolate every fault on the power system with
sensitivity, reliability and selectivity, and in the minimum desirable time.
Protection Relays must operate correctly and predictably, and must be stable during passing system
transients caused by switching and other disturbances.
All relays and systems shall be of numeric design and of approved types complying with IEC or
other internationally recognised, accepted and approved standards.
All fault-measuring relays shall be equipped with fibre optic communication port using IEC 61850
protocols to work as an integrated part of the control/monitoring system (SCMS/) hierarchy. The
relay schemes should be offered preferably from a single vendor.
Insulation of all the related circuits shall comply with IEC-60255 or other international standard(s) to
the approval of ADDC/AADC.
All protection relays and associated auxiliary equipment shall be of standard construction from
experienced, reliable and ADDC/AADC approved manufacturers.
It shall be ensured that type/ordering code of relay and/or BCPU proposed shall meet all the
requirements defined in this specifications.
2.1.1 Required Functions and Features:

Important functions and features, in addition to the fault measuring capabilities, shall include:
Programmable scheme logic
Remote communication interface for setting/interrogation and disturbance records upload from
SCMS/or dedicated Relay Access Computer as detailed below.
Front Local communication interface (HMI-keypad and serial PC communication preferred
through USB). A common local interface point with suitable protocol/interface converters

should be provided at one location for the suite of relay panels or switchgear. One loose PC
connection cable for each type of relay should be supplied for ADDC/AADC use.
Time-tagged events, fault and disturbance records with NVRAM with (storage of last 5 fault
records with time tagging and oscillographic records should be considered as a mandatory
requirement), Where relevant, each disturbance record should be of 5 seconds duration with
90% pre-fault and 10% post fault recording, in order to cover the impact of sympathetic
tripping during voltage dip situations for example: over current and distance relays.
Display of measured/processed quantities
Self-monitoring (Hardware/Software)
Inter-protection communication
Real-time fault locating distance relay with information passed automatically to SCMS/or
dedicated Relay Access Computer.
Electronic transducer communication.
Relay Access Computer (RAC) with the following requirements shall be provided for all
33/11kV primary, package unit and 11kV switching substations without SCMS facilities. In
case of Grid and primary substation with SCMS facilities, same shall be replaced with
Engineers work station, as specified in relevant SCMS specifications.
All Protection and Control Relays and IEDs ( 33kV side BCPU , 11kV side BCPU , 33KV
Relay panel Relays , BBP relay, LVAC Relays, capacitor bank Relays , AVR relys, TIP BCU
etc) shall be serially and fully integrated into a dedicated Relay Access desk top Computer,
installed on a dedicated desk in the Control Room ( mounted in the panel in case of package
units) and loaded with suite of latest version softwares of different types of control /
protection relays for engineering purposes (uploading/downloading of settings for
parameterisation/configuration and download of disturbance records and time tagged fault
events) over an appropriate OS. System connections shall be FO based and complete with GPS
Time Synchronization. The Protection Relays, Control Relays, IED etc shall be connected in
closed daisy chain(s) or with dual redundant radial connections if in Star configuration.
Appropriate furniture shall be provided. The RAC shall be an Industrial Computer with no
rotating parts. Fully equipped interrogation package including Industrial Type Laptop PC shall
be additionally provided as part of project tools list with complete suite of software, connecting
cables, etc shall be supplied for local individual interrogation of the Protection & Control
Relays and IEDs (for emergency use in the event of non-availability of RAC).
The protection scheme(s) shall include all hardware and software to permit remote setting upload
and download of relay setting, fault events and disturbance oscillographic records for
/interrogation/fault evaluation from the local PC (RAC) in case of non-SCMS substations and both

workstations (EWS and OWS) in case of SCMS substations. However, local PC is not required for
11/0.415 distribution stations, 11kVring main units or brick built substations.
2.1.2 Scope of Protection Requirements For Energizing Of Existing/New Circuits/System:
If existing protection is required to be modified for any reason, e.g. in order to operate with newly
installed equipment, remote end modification reused and/or diversion/modification of existing power
circuits/network etc. the Bidder/Contractor shall supply all the necessary primary & secondary
equipment such as CTs, VTs, protection relays, auxiliary relays, boards, wiring terminals, cabling
and all other accessories ensuring the satisfactory performance of the modification.
The Bidder/Contractor shall also be aware of cases requiring retention of the remote-end protection,
if it is reliable, fast, tested and proven by tests, and accordingly providing a matching protection at
the new substations. In such situations, the supply of protection relays/system shall be to
ADDC/AADCs approval.
Protection requirements involving retention and/or modifications of existing equipments shall
include but not limited to the following;
Supply the necessary documents and calculations to prove the correct functioning of the
equipment
Erect all necessary equipment and perform the all-necessary pre-commissioning testing
which may include but not limited to component and functional tests primary injection,
secondary injection, load test, etc.
Re-test of the existing component related to the modification which could cover CT, relays,
interlock schemes, point-to-point test, stability, and sensitivity test by primary injection and
load test after commissioning.
Update of protection relay setting, database, and grading models at local and remote
upstream/downstream ends. Protection setting calculation shall be performed by software,
and integrated with existing network models (ETAP for AADC). Relay database (ASPEN)
for AADC shall also be updated.
RAC/SCMS integration (software license shall be upgraded if required) and testing as

applicable
DMS integration (software and hardware) and testing

Perform the commissioning in accordance with the requirements shown in these
Specifications

Modify and update the corresponding drawings (in both hard and soft formats)
Ensure and demonstrate by tests that the setting range of relays and the operating limits of
all equipment, power supplies, input/output are suitable for the intended applications.
Where additional relay equipment is to be installed in an existing station, it is the responsibility of

the Bidder/Contractor to ensure by calculation subject to ADDC/AADC approval that the existing
LVAC boards, batteries, chargers and AC/DC Distribution boards have sufficient capacity and
feeders to meet the additional load requirements of the new equipment.
If these capacities are not sufficient, the Bidder/Contractor shall extend the dc system with a new set
of redundant chargers and batteries with the required capacity. This work shall also cover the
extension of the LVAC and dc distribution system with additional MCBs.
For feeders having transformer addition utilizing the existing switchgear, modification /upgrade shall
include but not limited to the following:
Protection relays, auxiliary relays, CTs at both ends, VTs and associated accessories for
differential, REF, and SBEF protection.
Components re-test covering CT, relays, supervision schemes, interlock schemes and P2P
test, stability and sensitivity test by primary injection (required arrangement such as
generator should be provided) and load test after commissioning.
Associated Busbar protection Modifications in the Existing stations for the addition of new
panels testing including Stability & Sensitivity testing will be under Manufacturer is under
the scope of the Main contractor.
For all 33kV feeders, remote end modification shall be considered including but not limited to the
following:
Protection relays, auxiliary relays, CTs, VTs and associated accessories for differential
protection.
New FO cable & FO termination cubicle between 2 substations and/or Diversion and
connection of pilot cable/ FOC cable
Components re-test covering CT, relays, interlock schemes, point-to-point test, stability, and
sensitivity test by primary injection and load test after commissioning.Extension of bus bar
protection shall cover stability tests and verification all functions of new switchgear devices
for proper operation/functions of the existing scheme.

Whether explicitly indicated or not, all necessary elements to co-ordinate and assure the approved
and correct functioning of the protection system, new or existing, in accordance with the
requirements of this Specification shall be included.
2.1.3 Other Requirements:

Control and relay circuits, current and voltage transformer secondary circuits, battery and auxiliary
power supply wiring, supervisory, alarm and communication circuits shall be protected against
conductive, electrostatic and electromagnetic influences.
Wiring of CT and VT circuits shall be in separate multi-core cables carefully segregated and
screened. The CT neutral shall be earthed in the respective relay panels / switchgear LV
compartment via an isolation link if the CT wiring is limited to respective panel or switchgear, while
the earthing became mandatory at the destination panel if the CT wiring found to be routed from
switchgear to relay and/or other panels (Like Busbar protection Panels).
The minimum cross section of CT circuits inside the protection cubicle / control cubicle shall not be
less than 2.5mm2 whereas for the inter panel / field cabling it shall not be less than 4.0 mm2.
The minimum cross section of VT circuits inside the protection cubicle / control cubicle shall not be
less than 1.5mm2 whereas for the inter panel / field cabling it shall not be less than 2.5 mm2.
CT / VT field cables, internal wiring and the terminals shall have the colour code of Red, Yellow,
Blue and Black.
The secondary terminals of CTs/VTs shall be brought out to screw clamp terminals (of shorting and
disconnecting type for CTs and disconnecting type for VTs) with insulated test sockets for
connection of wires up to 4 mm cross section. The secondary terminals shall be suitably reinforced
and protected by a transparent cover to withstand normal handling without damage.
The Bidder/Contractor shall supply single line diagrams, technical submittal for relay types /ordering
codes and components, block diagrams, logic diagrams and circuit diagrams of the protection
scheme, which shall be subject to approval of ADDC/AADC. These diagrams shall include
information concerning control and alarm circuits, secondary circuits of current and voltage
transformers, circuit breaker trip coils, interlocking, LVAC and DC supplies, SCMS and DMS
interface and communications circuits.
The block diagrams, as well as any other documentation, shall be updated whenever modifications
are made at any later date during the Contract execution period.
Current transformer requirements shall be determined to ensure high protection performance. The
Bidder/Contractor shall submit comprehensive technical report that includes the required CT ratio,
secondary tapping, earthing and testing arrangement, burden, knee point voltage, magnetising
currents, design magnetisation curves, operating accuracy limit factor, safety factor, internal burden,
thermal overload and short circuit ratings/duration. The report shall confirm that CTs will be

designed to ensure a saturation-free performance under both transient and steady state fault
conditions, taking due account of system X/R ratios and fault levels. Effect of repeated nature of
closing in to transient faults of the distribution system by trial charging and auto-reclose facilities on
the remnant flux/other characteristic of CT's should be duly studied and accordingly CT's should be
designed. All CTs and/or the associated switchgear shall have access point/test facilities for primary
injection.
Similarly a comprehensive technical report should be furnished for voltage transformers covering
ratios, burden, over-voltage factors, accuracy class, primary and secondary earthing arrangements
and testing facilities. All the VT should have primary earthing point accessible for
testing/maintenance. It shall also have the isolator switch with auxiliary contacts or equivalent
isolation facility and the status of VT shall be indicated in the BCPU and SCMS.
All CT/VT rating plate shall be available on LV compartment of switchgear.
Typical X/R ratios of 10 50 shall be considered for 33 kV and 22 kV system. Typical X/R ratio of 25
shall be considered for 11kV systems. The bus fault levels shall correspond to the respective
switchgear ratings, unless specified otherwise.
The design life of numeric protection relays shall be greater than 25 years. The Bidder/Contractor
shall assure for long term maintenance and availability of spares. Moreover, a guarantee shall be
provided for the availability of spares and update of the software during the lifetime of protection
relays. The Bidder/Contractor shall give one-year notice of his attention to cease manufacture of any
components utilized in the contract works.
If any relay fails before its intended life time, i.e., before 15 years & the Percentage of Failures is
more than 2 % of the Installed Station, then Manufacturer will be called to replace the Unit free of
Charge to ADDC. Contractor to specifically confirm the same
The bids shall include a list of spares predicted as being required for the first 5 years of operation
and additionally over the design lifetime of protection, while 5% of the total relays and BCPUs with
minimum of one relay and BCPU each shall be supplied as part of the contract.
The Bidder/Contractor shall quote with a fixed price escalation formula these spares.
Any special tools or testing equipment used for field installations, testing, setting and configuration
of protection relays/components should also be supplied as part of the Contract. All spare parts and
tools shall be proposed for ADDC/AADC approval.
2.1.4 SUMMARY OF PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS;
Following table summarizes the minimum requirements of the protection schemes in various feeders
in 33kV & 11kV in ADDC/AADC network;

Main Main Back-Up Remarks

Feeder Type
Protection #1 Protection #2 Protection
Distance function
Current Over Current and
blocked only for
33kV Outgoing (Cable or Differential Earth Fault
1. __ cable circuits
OHL with OPGW) protection with Protection
which are less
Distance. (OC/EF)
than 5km.
Current Distance
Differential Directional Protection
2. 33kV Incomer (Cable) OC/EF function blocked
protection with OC/EF protection
Distance at LOAD ends
33kV Outgoing (OHL Distance
3. __ OC/EF
without OPGW) protection
Distance
33kV Incomer (OHL Distance Directional Protection
4. without OPGW) protection OC/EF protection
OC/EF
function blocked
at load ends
The voltage relay
OC/EF protection,
Bus differential configuration shall
5. 33kV Bus Section (bus bars) __ and OV/UV(2
protection be for alarm in 2
stages)
stages.
The voltage relay
Transformer OC/EF , SBEF
configuration shall
6. 33kV Transformer Differential REF protection protection, and
be for alarm in 2
protection OV/UV(Alarm)
stages.
11kV Transformer incomer,
7. 11kV Bus section and OC/EF
11kV outgoing (Cable)
SEF/BCP shall be
fed from
OC/EF + sensitive Earth Fault Protection + broken
8. 11kV outgoing OHL
conductor protection
CBCT,which shall
be additionally
provided.
11 kV Incomer cable/OHL Current
Directional
9. with OPGW (Switching Differential
OC/EF
OC/EF
station) protection
11 kV outgoing cable/OHL Current
Directional
10. with OPGW (Switching Differential
OC/EF
OC/EF
station) protection
11 kV outgoing OHL
11. without OPGW( to Distance __ OC/EF
Switching station)
12. 11 kV incomers (OHL __ Directional OC/EF

without OPGW at OC/EF

(Switching station)
13. 11kV Auxiliary Transformer REF SBEF OC/EF
SBEF to be
configured as
11kV distribution
14. Transformer OC/EF __ SBEF an alarm/trip to
approval to
AADC/ADDC
OC/EF relay
15. 11kV Capacitor Banks Other protection such as Over Load, Under Voltage,
Over Voltage, Neutral Unbalance as per ASTS
16. Grid -33kV Low impedance BBP

Grid -11kV, Check and
Primary-33kV discriminating
17. VIP Switching Stations - High impedance BBP
zones
11kV
2.2 Arrangement of Facilities

Relay and control equipment of 33 kV & 22 kV shall be segregated feeder-wise and mounted in
suitable cubicles, which shall be installed, if not otherwise specified, in the station relay or control
room. The minimum width of cubicles should not be less than 900mm. Where it is justified to have
reduced panel width due to substation/site space restrictions, 2 cable or OHL feeders could be
combined in to 1 panel with minimum width subject to ADDC/AADC approval proving that there
are no restrictions in terms of operation, maintenance and safety. No other type of panels such as
transformer, bus coupler, bus section shall be combined.
For 11KV, 22KV Control and relay equipment for 11 kV switchgear shall be mounted directly onto
the fixed portion on the LV compartment of the appropriate switchgear panel or cubicle.
2.3 Cubicles, Panels and Wiring

For cubicles, panels and wiring specifications, reference shall be made to Standard Technical
Specification, Part:
S-AA-CUB - Cubicles & Enclosures
2.4 Relays and Schemes

The components of each relay shall be suitable for operation under the local climatic conditions.

To minimize the effect of electrolysis, relay coils operating on DC shall be connected so that the
coils are not continuously energised from the positive pole of the battery.
Relay settings and indicators must be clearly visible without opening the relays dust proof enclosure
and without opening doors of cubicles, i.e. the relays shall be installed behind suitable glass
windows in the openings of relay enclosures or glass windows in cubicle doors. Unless otherwise
specified, each relay or relay function group shall have indicators to enable the identification of the
faulty phases and zones of operation.
It shall not be possible to manually operate any relay without first opening its case or cubicle door.
Each indicator, whether of electrical or mechanical type, shall be capable of being reset by hand.
Opening of the relays dust proof enclosure shall be avoided as far as possible.
Potential free contacts shall be made available to connect the typical feeders to the fault monitoring
system and/or the alarm system, SCMS and to the DMS through disconnecting type terminals.
An auxiliary relay with flag indication for each alarm and trip signal from transformer protection
devices, i.e. Buchholz main and OLTC, OLTC surge protection, pressure relief, primary and
secondary winding and oil temperature shall be provided and labelled according to its function.
All spare contacts from the relays shall be wired to the terminal block and clearly labelled.
Interfaces with communication facilities for remote tripping shall be co-ordinated between relevant
Bidders/Contractors. The protection schemes shall be furnished with facilities to interface with the
protection signalling equipment (in future), to enable transfer of intertrip signals.
The protection relay output contacts shall be co-ordinated with the station supply. The contact
ratings shall cater for the following:
Switched voltage : 250 V
Contact rating : 2500 W/VA
Making current (0.5 s) : 20 A
Continuous making current : 10 A
Breaking capacity (L/R < 40 ms) : 30 W/VA
Typical pick-up time : 5 - 8 ms.
In cases where manufacturer deviates from the above ratings, he should state the same and justify
that the ratings (Minimum 10A Breaking current capacity) offered is suitable for the control and
tripping circuits (direct tripping) subject to the approval of ADDC/AADC.
Unless otherwise specified, tripping shall always be directly from the relevant measuring relay. The
tripping output contacts should be of sufficient rating to trip the associated circuit breaker.
In case of Dispute with the contractor ADDC Reserves its final Decision & the contractor Must
accept.

In view of DMSs requirements, all relays used for close block facilities for 11kV outgoing feeders,
bus section and transformer shall be automatically/self reset following tripping of breaker fault
clearance in order to allow the DMS operators to restore the circuit breakers from the control centre.
All 11kV schemes shall cover lock-out auto-reset function through independent IN/OUT switch and
timer.
Trip-repeat relays (within 20ms) shall have operating times, which permit relay scheme operating
times within the specified limits.
Any tripping relay, that completes the protection relays initiated tripping of a circuit breaker, shall
have an operations indicator. The tripping contactors operation must be guaranteed with 50% of the
rated DC voltage (pick-up at 80% of DC, self-holding down to 50% of DC). Operating time of the
tipping relay must be from 10 to 20 ms maximum
All the relay output contacts used for tripping should be suitable to program as latched or unlatched.
The trip circuit supervision (for each trip coil circuit) design shall be such that the trip circuit is
monitored in both conditions (pre-closing & post-closing) and that in the event of a fault in any one
component it shall not be possible to inadvertently trip the circuit breaker, but Current operated
output-inputs shall be used. The continuous trip circuit supervision relays shall initiate a delayed
alarm after several seconds. This alarm shall operate for loss of tripping DC and for any interruption
in the trip circuit wiring, this alarm shall also initiate close blocking.
Every cubicle and panel shall have at the top left-hand corner one easily visible lamp to indicate that
an element in the cubicle or panel has initiated an alarm. On the station alarm panel an alarm shall be
given which can only be reset when this cubicle alarm has been reset manually at the panel or
cubicle. The panel alarm lamp can only be reset when the element in the cubicle causing the actual
alarm has been reset. The purpose of this is to ensure the location of cubicles or panels for recording
all the relay indications occurred and resetting them. The reset button shall be located outside on the
door.
Where two groups of relays are used to protect a circuit, the CT/VT-circuits and the DC supplies
shall be arranged so that one group may be switched out without affecting the performance of the
other group.
Tripping and DC supplies for each relay function shall be as indicated on the relevant typical feeder
block diagrams unless else approved by ADDC/AADC.
Following is the minimum segregation of DC supplies required for the control and protection
schemes for the suite of protection panels/switchgear in each bus section:
Main 1 Protection
Main 2 or backup protection (if applicable)
Tripping Supply 1

Tripping Supply 2 (if applicable)

Control and Interlocking Supply
Alarm and Indication Supply
Any Protection scheme without the available segregation as mentioned above will be rejected.
Contractor must rectify under his own cost.
Any interruption of the DC supply to relays (internal and external) shall initiate an alarm by means
of both supervision relays and MCBs with auxiliary contacts. Converters and inverters used for
feeding relays shall have their inputs and outputs monitored and shall initiate an alarm in the event
of their failure. These devices shall be of short circuit proof design.
All main protection relays should individually be provided with IN/OUT switch (lockable) It shall be
possible to test the function of any relay or BCPU by secondary injection without disconnecting any
wire or permanent connection via relay test blocks.
Fuse Type Trip Isolation link shall be provided for each protection function in the SWGR panel.
The test terminal block along with test and service selector switch shall be provided for each type of
protection relay including those relays used for detecting system abnormality such as under
frequency, over voltage, under voltage etc. subject to approval by ADDC/AADC. By selecting the
test/service selector switch to test position, CT circuits shall automatically short without wiring any
external links or components and VT circuits shall open. While selecting the test/service selector
switch to service position, it shall not be possible to insert the test plug.
The trip functions, if not interrupted by a test switch, shall be blocked when inserting the test plugs.
Similarly alarm panel, SCMS and LDC alarms shall be suitably blocked as well (test switch or else).
An alarm should be available at the station for each feeder when test block is inserted.
Where separate test blocks are used, incoming voltage, current and DC circuits shall be connected to
the bottom of the block and connections to the relays shall be connected to the top. Test and service
position selector switch for CT and VT circuits should be clearly indicated.
When separately mounted interposing current transformers are used, there shall be a test socket or
link to measure the secondary current of the main CT (primary current of the interposing CT) and
also to measure the interposing CTs secondary current at the relay by another link or socket.
2.5 Individual MV - Protection Schemes

2.5.1 Busbar and Bus Coupler Protection
2.5.1.1 33 kV & 22 kV Low Impedance Busbar Protection
A numerical low impedance busbar protection scheme with phase segregated measurement shall be
offered for 33 kV and 22 kV switchgear with double busbar configuration. It shall be capable of

detecting all types of faults, i.e. multi-phase and single phase-to-ground faults with an overall
operating time of less than 1.5 cycles. The architecture of the bus-bar protection shall be derived
from using individual bay units located on a suite of common panels along with a central fault-
measuring unit. The panels shall be located in the relay room.
Each panel Tripping shall be routed through Fuse type trip Isolation link
To enhance security, the protection scheme shall use at least two independent criteria for detecting
in-zone faults, and shall provide a trip signal only if the two criteria are securely satisfied. The two
criteria shall be dissimilar. The Busbar protection shall have the following additional functional
features:
a. Current transformer saturation detector to enhance through-fault stability
b. Third voltage criterion for added security of protection performance
c. Redundant power supply unit to ensure high protection reliability and availability. If
redundant power supply is not available in the relay, same shall be achieved externally
through proper auto-change over scheme with high speed contactors
d. Backup OC/EF software algorithm in the bay unit.
In the architecture of the busbar protection, the central unit shall receive data from all bay units,
carry out computation and comparison of the restraint and differential currents, locate the fault
position, send the trip decision to the respective bay units operating on the faulted busbars. The host
processors of the central unit and the bay units shall run a multi-tasking kernel to provide a slice of
the processor time for functions other than protection, which include user interface communications
(both front and rear ports) and self-supervision & diagnostics.
If more than one central units is used in the architecture, both central units shall be communicated to
each other in order to locate and clear all the possible of bus faults. In addition, the protection
scheme should be in service, even if one bay unit fails for bus coupler/ bus section feeders. FAT and
SAT shall be conducted in consideration with all possible fault scenarios.
Bay units shall be designed to acquire current values in real time on each circuit operating on the
busbars. Each unit shall carry out sampling and A-D conversion of the current waveforms of its own
circuits using software programs, and sends out the digital values in a coded bit serial data
transmission to the central unit. The sampling rate should not be less than 2.0 kHz. The bay unit
shall also send out binary information regarding the operational status of the circuit and to which
section of the busbars it is connected.
Optical fibres shall be supplied between the bay units and the central unit (two optical cores per
bay). All cores shall be terminated with FST connector or other admissible interface. This
communication interface shall be designed with adequate throughput and bandwidth capacity to
ensure fast exchange of data.

For maintainability, both bay and central units shall support on-line self-supervision and diagnostic
functions to detect and alarm all hardware and software failures.
The software programs shall be stored in read-only memory (ROM), while the RAM memory shall
be used for temporary storage of data. Relay settings and calibration coefficients shall be stored in
the EEPROM.
LEDs shall be used for targets showing visual indication of the protection status.
The busbar protection shall support automatic transfer of data to SCMS/ at the Substation, whenever
system fault-related information or data is produced. The design shall support being scanned by
SCMS/ for both SCADA like data (protection status, protection start / trip, fault values, fault location
and fault records, etc) and historical data (waveform records).
Facilities shall include user interface (both front and rear ports), serial communication and
diagnostic/self-supervision, connection cables etc. Communication software for local and remote
access of data from, and parameter download into, the bay units and/or central unit shall also be
provided.
The protection shall use GPS time reference; however, the busbar protection shall be able to operate
correctly independent of this time reference. The busbar protection shall be able to operate on
current transformers having a wide range of ratios. However, CT cores, dedicated for busbar
protection, shall have the same ratios and ratings. Full selectivity shall be achieved for every busbar
zone; hence the replica (status image in the BBP algorithm) of every feeder isolator, bus isolator,
coupling circuit breaker busbar sectionalizer and busbar interconnector shall be incorporated.
Combinations of NO and NC auxiliary contacts on each isolator/breaker shall be provided for

buildup of busbar replica circuits in software. The N/O contacts shall operate and close in the closing
sequence before the primary isolator contacts reach the pre-arcing distance. The N/C contact, on the
other hand, should open only after the primary contacts travel past the pre-arcing distance. Such
device operation shall be promptly verified in the relevant switchgear FAT and SAT (overall-
scheme).The secondary circuits of the main current transformer shall not be switched via auxiliary
contacts of the busbar isolators directly. Under no circumstances during switching over of feeder
isolators, shall voltages be generated in the system in excess of the insulation rating of the wiring
used.
The CT ratio shall be adjustable in the Busbar protection cubicle to achieve a primary operating
current in the range from 600 to 3000 A.
The protection trip command for each feeder shall be given directly to the redundant circuit breaker
trip coils. The tripping function shall also block the close circuit of all the circuit breakers. For
substations 132kV and above, busbar protection tripping to Transformer HV side CB shall be routed
through the over-current check element at HV side subject to approval by ADDC/AADC and
Transco.

Provision shall be made such that any busbar trip signal shall result in a self-holding function. The
function shall be disabled from a reset command issued locally.
Both bay and central units shall support on-line self-supervision and diagnostic functions to detect
and alarm all hardware and software failure.
There shall be facilities for continuous monitoring of CT circuits, busbar isolator auxiliary circuits
and breaker auxiliary contacts. Auxiliary contacts shall be monitored in both open and close
positions. If an error is detected, the protection system shall be blocked and an alarm provided. CT
imbalance element shall be provided for an alarm and should take into account the auxiliary
transformer ratings.
Two sets of CTs shall be provided on either side of the bus coupler/sectionalizer/interconnector, and
shall be connected in an over-lapping arrangement avoiding any blind zone and with minimum
overlap. The bus zones on both sides of the breaker shall operate in the event of a fault between the
circuit breaker and CTs. This is a mandatory requirement.
Human Machine Interface (HMI) facilities shall be provided on both bay and central units.
The DC supplies to the bay units and central unit shall be fed from the independent station batteries
in a redundant configuration.
Each Bay Unit shall be fed by Individual DC MCBs.
Bay Units & Central Units shall be rated for ambient temperature 55 Deg.
Busbar Protection Bay Units & Central Units shall be free from Manufacturing Defect.
If any Auxiliary cards, Power supply Cards failed during Warranty Period, then the complete Unit
shall be replaced with New Units with new extended warranty.
The busbar protection shall be blocked by a lockable manual switch. Under this condition, the
tripping functions shall also be blocked on all feeders (to be provided as hardwired facility) and
alarmed. However, the measuring function of the busbar protection should remain in service to
facilitate signal measurement checks in the restraint and operating circuits of the protection.
Extension of the busbar protection system shall easily be made possible. The protection cubicles
shall be completely wired for the total number of feeders specified in the scope of works. However,
protection cubicles shall be designed to provide spare points and wired points as specified in the
contract. In spare points, the equipment is fully installed and wired with all the modules in place but
not utilized. In wired points, terminal blocks, wiring and space are provided but hardware equipment
and other slot-in modules will not be supplied.
Prior to manufacturing, the Bidder/Contractor shall indicate the remaining extension possibilities in
the same cubicle(s) and the final quantity of provisions that would remain as spare points or wired
points for future feeders shall be approved by ADDC/AADC.

2.5.1.2 High Impedance Bus Bar Protection System for 33kV and 11kV
In order to limit the effect of MV busbar faults to the major system, the 33kV switchgear with single
busbar configuration at primary substations and 11kV busbars at locations where specified in the
scope of work such as grid stations, switching stations for VIP locations like palaces, hospitals, etc.
shall be equipped with a single element high impedance phase segregated busbar protection scheme
mounted on a separate panel for each zone to be located in the control/relay room.
Busbars protected by high impedance scheme are expected to be of the single busbar type connected
by bus sectionalizing or interconnector circuit breakers.
To enhance security, the busbar protection scheme shall be fed from two three-phase set of CT's for
check and discriminating zone respectively associated with each incoming transformer circuit and
every outgoing feeder circuit.
Two sets of CT's mounted on either side of the bus sectionalizer/interconnector shall be connected in
an over-lapping arrangement. The bus zones on both sides of the breaker shall operate in the event of
a fault between this circuit breaker and one of its CTs. However only the particular zone shall
operate for a fault between the isolator and circuit breaker when the relevant bus section isolator is
open.
The isolators contacts used for Shorting the CTs, shall be early make & late break.
Manufacturer shall be responsible for the scheme of Busbar Protection and proper commissioning.
Only Relay Manufacturing Engineers will be allowed to carry out Sensitivity Test and Stability Test.
All CT terminals used in SWGR panel & BBP Panel shall be approved CT Terminals with links
shorting & Isolating Type.
All the CT's for busbar protection scheme shall have identical specifications for each circuit.
In order to prevent false tripping of the busbar protection due to remote energising of locally earthed
outgoing feeders, a fail-safe logic shall be provided for those circuits to short and isolate
automatically the related main CT when the feeder is being earthed. Likewise the CT connection
shall be restored automatically when the earth is removed. This scheme should be realized in the
relay processing logic and not through hardwiring.
The 11 kV busbar protection shall operate on the high impedance circulating current principle. It
shall have a basic setting such that it will not trip when 125 % of full load current (absolute value) is
flowing through the transformer CT's and one of them is open or short-circuited. A tripping from the
busbar protection shall only be generated if both the check and discriminating high impedance
busbar protection relays operate simultaneously.
Also there shall be an imbalance element built within the relay associated with each zone of the
busbar protection. It shall be capable of detecting an imbalance current, with variation of its setting
from 5 % to 40 % of the full load current (absolute value) of the auxiliary transformer. This

imbalance element shall operate a manually resettable time delay relay with a setting range of 2 to
10 s. This timer shall block the tripping of the busbar and short circuit the busbar protection CT's at
the high impedance relay inputs for that section of the busbar where an imbalance exists and shall
generate an alarm to station alarm panel, SCMS and DMS.
A trip signal shall be given from the busbar protection within 30 ms (including the pick-up time of
the auxiliary main trip relays per feeder) of the occurrence of a bus bar fault when a primary current
of five times a transformer full load current is flowing. Tripping function shall also block the close
circuit of all circuit breakers.
Resetting of the lock out relays only in the Busbar protection panels.
Alarm Annunciator shall be provided for each panel to segregate the alarm.
Only the faulted bus section shall be tripped and adequate indications shall be given to permit
identification of faulted zone and phase(s). Resetting of the busbar protection signaling and tripping
shall be possible manually and electrically.
An individual trip relay (tripping time less than 10 ms) for each circuit breaker, of which one contact
shall trip the associated breaker, using its tripping DC through a link at the busbar protection
connection terminal block, shall be provided.
CT imbalance element shall provide an alarm. Each zone shall have a IN/OUT switch and current
test block mounted on the busbar protection panel with automatic CT shorting (make-before-break)
when test plug is inserted. Each feeder CT in the 11kV switchgear shall be directly connected by
dedicated cable to the 11kV bus bar protection cubicle via test terminal block with shorting, isolation
and test facilities. Bus wiring of CT circuit is not acceptable in the 11kV switchgear. Trip signal
from bus bar protection shall be given to trip relays through the test block and IN/OUT switch
contacts.
Redundant DC supplies with automatic change-over scheme should be available either in the relay
unit or externally for busbar protection schemes.
Facilities shall include user interface (both front and rear ports), serial communication and
diagnostic/self-supervision, connection cables etc. Communication software for local and remote
access of data from, and parameter download into the relays shall also be provided.
2.5.2 Over-Current and Earth Fault Protection
A three-phase O/C and one E/F numerical protection to detect inter-phase and phase to ground faults
shall be provided. The tripping characteristics shall be selectable; either a definite time characteristic
or a large number of inverse time characteristics, according to IEC-60255 and BS-142. There shall
be least three stages for O/C and for E/F each with selectable inverse and definite time
characteristics.
Relays shall be supplied with front and rear ports equipped with communication software for
local/remote access of data and parameter download.

HMI-keypad facilities shall be provided for local access to setting, monitoring and disturbance data
shall also be provided.
The current setting ranges shall be at least for over-current 20% to 200% of IN, in steps of 10% or
less and for earth fault 10% to 80% of IN, in steps of 5% or less. The high-set element shall have a
setting range of 200 percent to 3000 percent of nominal. The tripping time of high-set elements
should be within 20 ms. Any relay not fulfilling the 20 ms shall be submitted for separate Approval
for each & every relay. ADDC Decision is final.
Each of the protection elements shall have separate trip and alarm contacts, and a separate trip
indicator. In addition at least three programmable output contacts should be available for signaling to
DMS.
Over-current and earth fault protection relays shall be provided for all - 11kV, 22kV and 33kV cable
feeders, 11kV, 22kV and 33kV OHL feeders, LVAC station supply incomers and bus section,
11kV, 22kV & 33kV bus section, 11kV, 22kV & 33kV power and auxiliary transformers (both
primary and secondary sides), 22kV & 33kV bus couplers. The relays should be designed to cater
the feeder requirements, for example second harmonic restraint feature should be available on the
transformer feeders.
Selectable auto reclose feature should be available on all 11kV OHL feeders.
All 33 kV incomer feeders at primary substations, 11kV incomers of primary transformers and 11
kV incomer feeders at switching stations should be provided with both independent directional and
back up over current and earth fault protection functions.
All 33& 11kV outgoing OHL/cable and station /distribution transformer feeders over current relays
shall have directional negative sequence protection function or any other equivalent scheme subject
to the approval of AADC/ADDC in order to prevent the unwanted sympathetic tripping due to
faults/voltage dips happened in upstream/adjacent feeders/network.
Sensitive earth fault (SEF) relays should be provided on all 22kV, 33kV and 11kV OHL feeders,
with adjustable settings capable to detect faults up to primary operating current of 1A. All sensitive
earth fault relays should be fed from core balance CTs fitted on the power cables.
2.5.3 Protection for MV - Transformer In-feeds (Secondary Side)
a) Over-Current and Earth-Fault Protection
See Clause 2.5.1.3 above.
2.5.4 Protection of MV Overhead Lines
a) Distance Protection (33 kV & 22 kV OHL only without OPGW)
A modern numeric distance protection relay with the following main features:
i. At least three independent directional zones and one non-directional zone.

ii. Full scheme ( non-switched ) type with separate measuring elements for:
3 zones (minimum)
for all 3 phase, phase to phase and phase to ground faults
without switching in any zone of any voltage or current
Shall detect and clear all types of faults.
iii. Directional characteristic of zones 1, 2 and 3 measuring elements for earth faults shall have
quadrilateral characteristic with inherent compensation to minimise overreach when detecting
resistive types of faults.
iv. Characteristic for phase to phase faults may be mho or quadrilateral or another suitably shaped
high performance characteristics.
v. Capable of operation for close-up three phase faults, and with switch-on-to-fault facility.
vi. For first zone faults a maximum tripping time of 25 ms for all practical source-to-line
impedance ratios. Contour curves giving the reach and time operating performance for all
types of faults at different Zs/Zl ratios shall be submitted with the proposal.
vii. Adjustable characteristic angle.
viii. Variable residual compensation for all zones.
ix. Time settings for zone 2 & 3 shall be up to at least 1.0s and 3.0s respectively in steps of 10 ms
& 15ms respectively, or less.
x. Power swing detection for selective blocking or tripping.
xi. Built-in distance to fault location function. The fault locator shall have compensation for the
mutual coupling in case of parallel lines. The fault-locating algorithm shall calculate in real-
time the distance to a fault in either km or percentage of line length maintaining an accuracy
limit of 2 percent. The fault location information generated in the relay shall be treated as an
event in the station, and transferred automatically in real time to the SCMS database for
display on the workstation screen as well as for printing in the Event log. Also, the fault
locator function in the relay should be able to store data for at least 5 quick successive faults.
xii. VT supply supervision with selective blocking.
xiii. The correct measurement shall be unaffected by heavy load transfer, line charging currents,
disturbed primary line currents and voltages, external switching and sudden power reversal.
xiv. Suitable for selection of different carrier modes, i.e. PUR, POR, blocking.
xv. Self-diagnostic and on-line test features.
xvi. Echo and weak in-feed features.

Serial interfaces for on-line and off-line transmission of relay operation data, line load data, fault
recording, remote setting, remote disturbance record downloading and remote test initiation. The
disturbance record shall be in COMTRADE format, the minimum pre-fault plot time shall be 10000
msec and minimum post fault plot shall be 500 msec.
xvii. This shall be triggered by any selected zone operation or O/C or E/F or U/V signal internally
generated. The relay shall be capable of recording up to 20 such records without memory
overflowing. The necessary software for downloading/analyzing the disturbance recorder also
shall be supplied.
xviii. Storage facility for fault information for at least six latest system faults, giving on demand
relay operations, operating times, line load data, etc.
xix. Serial connection facility to a PC for further data exploitation with the required software
xx. At least two groups of setting parameters to suit the various networks condition.
xxi. Built-in calendar and clock for time tagging of relay events, fault records, disturbance
recordings etc. The clock shall be capable of receiving an external time reference (GPS) from
SCMS or other station common clock.
xxii. Built-in thermal overload functions taking into account the characteristics and time constant of
the OHL/cable should be provided with two stages (configured as alarm stage1, and alarm
stage 2or trip respectively)
xxiii. Built-in directional earth fault and sensitive earth fault
xxiv. Built-in over voltage and under voltage
xxv. Where it may be required to apply distance protection on cable feeders (instead of previously
planned OHL feeders) due to change in network configuration, same should be justified from
the relay suppliers.
xxvi. Where additional built-in protection functions specified above are not provided, same should
be realised in an independent hardware.
b) Auto-Reclosing Equipment
The auto-reclosing equipment (numeric) shall be provided on each OHL terminal, and shall be
controlled by high-speed protection relays (must be from ADWEA Approved vendor list) as
specified above. Auto reclose function could be integrated into distance protection for 33 kV & 22
kV line feeders and could be integrated into OC/EF protection for 11kV line feeders.
The auto-reclosing equipment shall be designed to perform with the following options:
1 phase trip and high-speed auto-reclose
1 + 3-phase trip and high-speed auto-reclose

3-phase trip and high-speed auto-reclose

3-phase trip with delayed auto-reclose
3-phase definite tripping.
With the selection of single-phase auto-reclose feature, a multi-phase fault shall cause definite three-
phase trip and lockout of the circuit breaker.
The three-phase auto-reclose scheme can be selected for high speed and/or delayed reclosing.
Reclose onto a fault shall cause a lockout of the circuit breaker under all auto-reclose options.
The selection of 1 + 3-phase trip and high-speed auto-reclose for multiphase fault, shall result in the
following:
An unsuccessful single-phase auto-reclose shall be followed by a 3-phase
high-speed auto-reclose
An unsuccessful three-phase auto-reclose shall be followed by a lockout
A developing fault, which becomes a multiphase type during the single pole dead time
shall cause three pole tripping and reclosing without waiting for the single pole reclosure
sequence to be completed.
The auto-reclosing equipment shall be provided with a lockable ON/OF switch mounted on the front
of the relay panel, and also the remote control of this relay shall be made possible from SCMS,
DMS.
Auto re-closing blocking (other than manual blocking) shall be provided for the following cases:
Blocking from Busbar/BFR schemes
Blocking from CB-under pressure / spring charging failed conditions.
Any particular requirements of the circuit breaker mechanisms shall be considered and catered for in
the application of the reclosing equipment.
Separate time delays for high-speed 3-phase and single-phase auto-reclosing dead times shall be
provided. The single and 3-phase time delays shall cover between 0.1 and 3.0 seconds in steps of
0.05 seconds and or less.
There shall be a reclaim (blocking) time following the successful completion reclosure of about ten
seconds (10 s) . If during this period, a further fault takes place, a 3-phase trip and lockout shall be
provided.
The check-synchronizing relay (ADWEA Approved relay philosophy shall compare phase to phase
voltage) shall be part of the auto-reclose scheme, and shall be fed from the feeder voltage
transformer and the relevant busbar voltage transformer. The selective choice of the busbar voltage
shall be performed via bay control selector switches or voltage selection relays.

The check-synchronization relay shall compare the phase angle between the busbar and line
voltages, with the selection of permissible closing angle of approx. 5 to 30 (electrical). It shall also
compare the magnitude of the busbar and line voltages within selectable limits of 95%, 90% or 85%.
The phase angle and voltage amplitude differences shall be within the pre-set limits prior to
permitting auto-re-close operation.
c) Over-voltage Protection (optional)
Only ADWEA Approved Vendor list will be acceptable
If required, over-voltage relays shall be supplied on long lines (O/H or cable). It shall be
microprocessor-based to effect 3-phase tripping, and shall be engineered with a two position
(IN/OUT) switch.
Energizing a long overhead line from one end can result in excessive voltage at the open end and can
cause excessive voltage stress and equipment damage. O/V protection shall ensure that the open-end
voltage of greater than 1.2 PU shall not be allowed to persist for more than one minute.
Bidder/Contractor shall provide an overvoltage relay with two time-delay stages. The overvoltage
relays shall be connected phase-to-phase and shall have the setting range of 110 V to 150 V and time
setting ranges of 1 s to 99 s. The relays shall have an accuracy of + 2% of voltage setting and a
drop-off ratio > 97%. Operation of the overvoltage relay shall initiate an alarm for stage-1 function.
Stage-2 function shall send a direct transfer trip signal to the remote end, in addition to the tripping
of the local end breaker.
d) Over-Current and Earth-Fault Protection
See clause 2.5.1.3 above.
e) Broken Conductor Protection.
A separate broken conductor protection relay with CBCT should be installed on all 33kV, 22kV and
11kV OHL feeders. The relay should operate based on algorithms covering all of the following:
i. Zero-sequence current detection
ii. Total harmonic detection
iii. Ratio of negative sequence to positive sequence currents( I2/I1)
The broken conduction function could be combined with over current, earth fault and sensitive earth
fault relay. The relay should detect all types of fault cases ex: one and both sides of conductors
falling or not falling on to ground, irrespective of whether the # good contact is made either on
source or load side and with all loading conditions (0 to 100%). All the operated conditions defined
shall be proven by FAT and SAT.

2.5.5 Protection of MV Cable Feeders and OHL with OPGW
a. Pilot Wire Protection (33 kV & 22 kV only-Existing circuits and new circuits with pilot cables )
The pilot wire protection shall consist of a full-wave, high-speed pilot wire differential relay.
An operating time of 40 ms or less is required at five times relay setting. This time shall also
include the operating time of the tripping relay.
The insulation level shall be 15 kV and it is particularly important to ensure that pilot cable
terminations in the pilot marshaling boxes associated with this protection are insulated to 15kV.
Also, any wiring from this marshaling box to isolation transformers and pilot supervision equipment
must be insulated to 15 kV (twisted pairs, screened and armoured). The isolation transformer and
pilot supervision equipment/relays shall be mounted on a separate panel.
Pilot supervision equipment shall be provided to ensure that crossed conductors, open circuits and
short circuits in the pilots are detected.
Upon detection of a pilot failure, a time delayed (5 seconds) alarm shall be given. Under this
condition, the protection must not trip due to load or emergency load currents.
Pilot wire supervision supply unit (AC input supply for sending end rectifier unit) shall be monitored
to initiate an alarm whenever the pilot supervision supply fails.
The pilot wire protection shall be provided with three phase and neutral current starter elements
(guard relays) with indicators for the faulty phase(s) and their trip contacts shall be in series with the
trip contact of the differential current measuring element.
The pilot cables to be used shall have approximately the following parameters, and should be
verified at site before use;
Capacitance per km of the cable at 800 Hz between two protection cores shall be
approximately: 0.07 x 10-6F
Resistance of protection cores at 40C shall be approximately: 12.6 per km.
Both Side relays shall have Protection In / Out Switch
Following should be specially considered for pilot wire protection involving remote end
modifications:
CT parameters at both circuit ends should be of same specification. Existing CTs should be
checked for ratio and adequacy and should accordingly be used or replaced or added as
appropriate.

Existing pilot wire protection scheme if insulated to 5 kV should be replaced with 15 kV

schemes.
Existing pilot wire protection scheme should be coordinated for send/remote end
configuration and accordingly additional relays should be supplied. Where new substations
with SCMS facilities are connected to existing substations, new substations are considered to
be receive ends.
Complete 15 kV pilot protection and supervision scheme should be installed at remote end if
there is no scheme existing.
b. Thermal Overload Protection
If thermal overload protection function is not built-in the main protection relay, an independent
thermal overload protection taking into account the characteristics and time constant of the cable
should be provided with two alarm/ and trip stages for all 33kV, 22kV and 11kV cables.
c. Line Differential Protection (33 kV, 22 kV only on both sides of new cable and OHL circuits
with FO cables/OPGW and 11kV incomer circuits for switching stations, including remote ends)
This protection system shall be based on percentage biased current differential principle, which shall
be capable of clearing all faults within the protected zone, and maintaining stability against all kinds
of through fault currents up to the magnitude of switchgear fault rating.
The protection shall be of numerical type and phase-segregated.
The fault detection principle shall be independent of power swings. Faults near weak infeeds shall be
detected as well as faults near high-energy centers.
The differential protection shall be designed with exchange of digital information pertaining to the
magnitude and phase angle of fault currents flowing at both ends of the feeder through the fiber-
optic interface.
The relay should be suitable for direct fiber optic communication and not through multiplexer. Fiber-
optic interface equipment shall be provided with all necessary accessories. This shall include
repeaters as required for use on long circuits. Redundant communication port shall be provided for
remote end communication on two pairs of FO cable/OPGW, the pairs used shall be from different
FO cable/OPGW for each feeder, subject to the approval of ADDC/AADC.
The conceptual design of the protection shall be unaffected by:

Zero sequence mutual coupling
Sudden power reversal
Cable and OHL charging currents

Interaction of fault resistance and sources feeding with different fault angles producing
misleading measurement of reactance
Collapse of voltage on the faulted phase(s)
External switching phenomena
Power frequency variations.
Close-in high-current faults shall be cleared instantaneously and the relay may trip the breaker
without information from the remote end. Also, measuring algorithms to provide switch-onto-fault
facility shall be included.
The design shall have the ability to provide on-line monitoring and self-check facilities to monitor
the state of health of the entire protection system.
Hardware and software shall be checked by software sub-routine continuously. Important
components supervised shall include:
CPUs and associated Memory (ROM, RAM, EEPROM)
Input Signal Validity (A/D Converter)
OS Software
Protection Functions Software
Communication System Software
Watchdog and Self-Monitoring Software
Output Signal Integrity
Interference Noise Level
Algorithm Execution/Logic Performance
Analogue Measuring System
Digital Input conversion System
I/O Logic Points
Power Supply Noise/Failure
Internal Clock.
The relay shall further have the following facilities:
Serial interfaces for on-line and off-line transmission of relay operation data, feeder load data,
fault recording, remote setting and remote test initiation

Storage facility for on fault information for at least the latest three five system faults, giving
on demand relay operations, operating times, load data, etc.
Serial interface facility to a PC for further data exploitation with the required software for this
purpose.
The scheme shall be provided with the following built-in high-speed backup protection elements:
Three zone distance protection with phase-phase, phase-earth and 3 phase fault measuring
elements for the source end of the radial circuits to be protected ( See clause 2.5.3).
Power swing blocking
Thermal O/L
Directional/Non-directional OC/EF function
Fault locating function
Two stage O/V function and U/V function
Tele-protection facilities and repeaters, if required (on the same fibre optic cores used for the
exchange of current signals).
Where additional built-in protection functions specified above are not provided, same should
In the case of loss of signal transmission over fiber optic cables, the differential measurement
function shall be automatically blocked, and the relays shall be allowed to work with distance and
backup O/C and E/F functions.
Following should be specially considered for fiber optic protection involving remote end
modifications:
Existing CTs should be checked for ratio and adequacy and should accordingly be used or
replaced or added as appropriate.
Existing pilot wire protection scheme should be replaced with fiber optic current differential
scheme.
Complete fiber optic current differential protection scheme should be installed at remote end
if there is no scheme existing.
d. Over-Current and Earth-Fault Protection (for both 33 kV, 22 kV and 11 kV)
See Clause 2.5.1.3 above.

2.5.6 33 kV or 22 kV / 11 kV Transformer Protection (33 kV or 22 kV Primary Side and

11 kV Secondary Side)
Power transformers shall be covered by electrical protection and thermal/mechanical protection
relays.
Thermal/mechanical protections shall be provided for the complete transformer, including tap
changer and cable terminal boxes, and are constituted with gas detectors, oil surge and pressure
detectors, oil and winding temperature devices as specified in the Standard Technical Specification,
Part: TRANSFORMERS / REACTORS.
Electrical protection relays shall include, but not be limited to the following. In addition, each of
these functions shall be implemented each independent relay and none of these functions shall be
combined in a single hardware.
a. Differential protection
b. Restricted earth fault (REF) protection
c. Back-up over-current and earth fault protection
d. Standby earth fault protection on transformer neutral earth connection
e. Voltage regulation and supervision.
The protection cubicle(s) shall incorporate the total protection functions for each power transformer.
For this purpose, the cubicle(s) shall be provided with all auxiliary relays for alarming and tripping,
and shall receive from the transformer local control kiosk/marshaling box the corresponding cabling
and wiring with an adequate number of terminals. All alarms and tripping orders shall be suitably
indicated at the front of the power transformer protection cubicle(s) either by mechanical flags or by
electrical indications unaffected by loss of supply.
Tripping interface shall be provided such that for transformer faults, the operation of any protection
relays shall trip both the high-voltage and low-voltage circuit breakers simultaneously. LV back-up
protection detecting external faults shall only trip the low voltage circuit breaker. The transformer
shall be kept energized from the primary side.
Of importance in the relaying performance is the correct selection of current transformers. The
Bidder/Contractor shall submit a detailed technical calculation for the adequacy of CTs, and
demonstrate that CTs will provide a saturation-free performance under both transient fault and
steady-state conditions for the system highest fault currents. Where the protection is provided for the
existing transformers, adequacy of CTs if existing should be checked and accordingly be used or
replaced. If the CTs are not available, additional CTs should be fitted.
a. Differential and Multifunctional Protection Relay

A 3-phase numerical multifunctional differential relay having immunity to magnetizing inrush

currents shall be provided.
The relay shall have the following features:
High set O/C function element in the differential circuit
Built-in adjustment for matching of transformer ratio and vector group
Minimum adjustable pick-up sensitivity of at least 20%
Bias characteristic adjustable slope of at least 25 20%
Thermal overload protection ( taking into account the time-constant of power transformers)
Under Voltage / Over Voltage protection configured for alarm only.
Definite time over-voltage protection
Over-flux protection
Back-up primary and secondary over-current protection (with BS-142 characteristic)
Adequate alarm and trip indications (LEDs/contacts)
Comprehensive self-monitoring and diagnostics
Event and disturbance recording facilities
PC serial interfaces for parameter display/setting and fault evaluation etc.
Differential relay trip contacts shall be wired directly to a trip coil of the circuit breakers, in
addition to the lockout trip relays.
Where additional built-in protection functions specified above are not provided, same should
In/ Out Switch shall be provided.
b. Restricted Earth Fault (REF) Relay
High impedance circulating current protection scheme shall be provided for each neutral earthed star
winding of power transformers. It shall be differentially connected between the dedicated phase-
mounted CTs and the CT in the neutral-earth circuit.
The CTs shall have equal ratios, identical magnetizing characteristics and secondary winding
resistances. The CTs shall be designed with a minimum of magnetizing current (preferably 3 percent
of nominal at Vk/2), in order to maximize sensitivity and performance of this protection.
The relay shall have an operating time of less than 20 ms. It shall be tuned to fundamental currents,
so that it is insensitive to the DC component and other higher order harmonics.

The Bidder/Contractor shall provide a calculation report on current transformer requirement to

ensure an adequate level of relaying performance both under internal and external faults. The relay
must ensure an exceptional level of through-fault stability.
The current transformer design shall be to ADDC/AADCs approval.
All necessary stabilising resistors of adequate rating and non-linear over voltage protection resistors
shall be provided.
Protection In/OUT Switch shall be provided.
REF Relay shall not be combined with Differential Protection Relay.
c. Over-Current and Earth Fault Protection Relay
Back-up over-current and earth fault protection shall be provided, which shall satisfy the
requirements given in the Standard Technical Specification (clause: 2.5.1).
d. Standby Earth Fault Protection
For transformer star windings, standby earth fault protection shall be provided in the transformer
neutral connection to earth. This protection shall be supplied from a dedicated neutral current
transformer.
The E/F protection shall satisfy the requirements as specified in the Technical Data Sheets.
Each of the protection elements shall have separate trip and alarm contacts, and a separate trip
indicator.
a. Voltage Regulation and Supervision
The specifications for voltage regulation and supervision function are provided in the Standard
Technical Specification, Part:
S-AA-CPS-SCMS - Substation Control & Monitoring System (SCMS)
2.5.7 MV / LV Transformer Protection

Three phase normal IDMT, O/C and E/F functions shall be provided on both MV and 400 V sides of
the transformers. See clause 2.5.1 above. SBEF & REF relays should be provided on LVAC
incomers. Also Over voltage and under voltage relays should be provided on LVAC incomers and
bus section.
Auxiliary transformer in the grid, primary and switching stations for station supply should be
provided with REF and SBEF relays on LVAC incomers.
Distribution transformers should be provided with SBEF protection, configurable as alarm or trip to
the approval of ADDC/AADC.
Relays shall be as per Approved ADWEA Vendor list

2.5.8 Over-voltage and Under-voltage Protection

Overvoltage and undervoltage protection relays should be provided on all 33 kV, 22 kV and 11 kV
busbar sections. Each relay should have 2 stages of alarm, and disturbance records shall be triggered
on over voltage/under voltage conditions.
2.5.9 Load-Shedding/Frequency Relay
Only ADWEA Approved Relays in the vendor list will be acceptable. In line with DMS
requirements, duplicate numeric frequency relays shall be provided per 33 kV/ 22 kV/11kV busbars
section in the grid substations for load shedding purposes.
In grid substations, one no. of dedicated load shedding panel shall be provided for hardware
operation in addition to the SCMS matrix selection.
Load Shedding Control Panel should be provided with three way lockable selector switch with the
following options;
Hardware mode; for the execution of the Load Shedding by the hardware scheme only.
Software mode; for the execution of the Load Shedding by the SCMS matrix only.
Off mode; representing the disabling of the Load Shedding.
While switching Off/On the load shedding the Software mode should able to override the hardware
mode in order to give the remote accesses to the scheme from DMS, under some critical
circumstances.
ADDC T & P Requirement Only Hardware Scheme No Separate panels required. Load Shedding
shall be with Hardwire switches mounted on the outgoing feeders of 11KV,22KV,33KV. Relays to
be mounted in the LV Compartment. Bus Wiring shall be extended to the respective selector
switches. Selector switches shall be of 5 Position type. Frequency relay shall be ADWEA approved
type.
The frequency relay shall be installed completely wired and tested with the load shedding
equipment.
The frequency relay shall have 4 independent adjustable tripping stages with over-or
under-frequency settings between 45 Hz and 65 Hz in steps of 0.01 Hz as well as a rate-of-change
(df/dt) and time settings of 0.1 - 99.99 s in steps smaller than or equal to 10 ms. It should also be
possible either to switch on or off the load shedding scheme manually by a switch (lockable) or from
the SCMS/ DMS.
The relay shall display the actual frequency measured. The accuracy of the frequency measurement
elements shall be not less than 0.005 Hz at rated frequency.

Blocking of the frequency measurement by built-in under-voltage function shall be provided, which
shall be adjustable between 0.2 - 0.9 times nominal voltage. The relay shall have built-in
self-monitoring system and shall be largely insensitive to voltage fluctuation, harmonics and system
transients.
The power supply for the relay and the load shedding equipment shall be provided from the station
redundant dc supplies.
The tripping of each individual feeder shall be achieved by provision of five way lockable selector
switch to each outgoing feeder with the following options
S1; representing including the particular feeder in stage one of load shedding.
S2; representing including the particular feeder in stage two of load shedding.
S3; representing including the particular feeder in stage three of load shedding.
S4; representing including the particular feeder in stage four of load shedding.
Off; representing excluding the particular feeder from any load shedding
The mentioned should also implemented by software trip matrix (configurable as bay level function).
It shall also be extended to SCMS for substations equipped with SCMS.
The tripping of feeders shall be possible by provision of a "tripping-matrix" allowing a flexible
selection and allocation of the feeders to the four frequency blocks of load to be shed, without
changing wiring in the station, i.e. by arrangement of plugs at the front of the relay equipment.
The tripping of each individual feeder shall be achieved by potential free contacts and the auxiliary
tripping relays shall be mounted within the load shedding equipment.
The load shedding equipment shall be mounted in separate cubicles for the total switchgear where it
would not be feasible to provide this function in the bay units. All the tripping leads shall be wired to
each of the respective feeder panels.
The load shedding equipment shall be provided additionally with three timers between the frequency
steps for inter-tripping of four blocks of loads.
Automatic selection of voltage for frequency measurement from at least two Busbar section VTs
shall be a standard feature.
The load shedding (tripping of selected feeders according to load blocks) shall also be possible by an
external command, e.g. from the SCMS and the related function and terminals shall be provided
accordingly.
Local and remote alarms for signalling the tripping of four frequency stages, tripping of three
inter-tripping timers, the detection of under-voltage and the sound relay operation shall be provided
internally and wired to the station alarm panel and SCMS respectively.

Under-frequency relays should be provided with a communication port to provide a virtual

connection to SCMS/ database servers. This facility should include parameter download to and
retrieval of internal data from the frequency relays.
2.5.10 Fault Monitoring System (FMS)
Fault Monitoring System shall be provided separately for 33kV and 11kV levels for all feeders in
grids and primary substations. FMS technical requirements shall follow the technical specifications
S-AAA-CPS FMS.
3 TESTING AND INSPECTION

3.1 General
All relays (including panels) shall be tested in the Manufacturers work. The Bidder/Contractor may
be required to carry out any one or all of the tests stated in this Specification under the presence of
ADDC/AADC or its representatives.
Testing of relays and their components shall be performed in line with this specification, and in
accordance with the relevant IEC Standards (as minimum requirement) and other Standards as may
be approved by ADDC/AADC.
All factory and site tests procedures shall be project specific. Hence, all the FAT/SAT protocols,
formats, procedures, schedules shall be submitted for approval from AADC prior to tests.
Only ADDC Approved Testing Engineers/Manufacturers can carry out site testing of Relays
irrespective of who is the Main contractor
Acceptance by ADDC/AADCs representative of any relay tests shall not relieve the manufacturer
from any of his performance guarantees or from any other obligations.
ADDC/AADC reserves the right to perform checks during the manufacturing process at any time or
all the times. It shall be at the discretion of ADDC/AADC to witness tests on 100%, or any
percentage of each lot for routine tests, apart from the type tests, wherever called for.
Tests of relays shall comprise factory tests and site tests. The witness percentage of tests shall in any
case be allowed not less than 10%.

3.2 Factory Tests
3.2.1 Type Tests

Evidence shall be given that the proposed relays to be supplied under contract works had already
been subjected to all type tests (including transient and steady state tests) at an internationally
recognised testing station, like KEMA or equivalent. If deemed necessary, ADDC/AADC will
decide whether additional tests are to be performed by the Bidder/Contractor.
An internationally recognised laboratory shall certify the type test reports.
The Bidder/Contractor shall submit certified copies of type test certificates covering the proposed
relays components.
Type tests certificates/reports shall be considered acceptable if they are in compliance with the
relevant Standards and the following:
1. Type Tests conducted at an internationally recognised laboratory acceptable to ADDC/AADC.
2. Type Tests conducted at the manufacturers laboratory and witnessed by representatives from
an internationally recognised laboratory acceptable to ADDC/AADC.
If the presented type test reports are not in accordance with the above requirements, ADDC/AADC
may decide to ask for the type tests to be carried out afresh in the manufacturers premises or other
places subject to the approval of ADDC/AADC and at no additional cost. These tests shall be
performed in the presence of representative from an internationally recognised laboratory, which
should issue the relevant type test certificates upon successful completion of all tests. In addition,
type tests shall be performed or repeated whenever there is an update of the applied relevant
international standard tests as IEC & IEEE.
3.2.2 Routine Tests

Protection relays and their components shall be subjected to routine tests as per the relevant IEC
Standards. Protection relays mounted in cubicles shall be completely wired, tested and inspected at
the relay or panel manufacturers factory.
Factory tests shall cover a subset of the following:
Primary injection (where relays are mounted in the switchgear), Secondary injection, scheme checks,
relay logic, performance of RAC PC/engineer interface, functional-trip tests, setting ranges and
calibration accuracy, response (trip) RAC times, functional availability and application limits,
system supervision, performance of communication interfaces with SCMS events and disturbance
records etc.
The Bidder/Contractor shall provide to ADDC/AADC a generic list of tests for approval, depending
upon the duration of factory tests, the importance and complexity of the protection system,

familiarity of the system being inspected, etc., However, test procedures shall be prepared to verify
adequately the performance, functionality and protection reliability.
The Bidder/Contractor shall provide records that the equipment has been manufactured, racked and
correctly wired by carrying out approved factory tests.
Routine test certificates shall be submitted to ADDC/AADCs review and approval before shipment
of the relays/panels.
During FAT Test, if the Manufacturer fails to carry out all relevant test as required by the ADWEA
Specs, Inspection Engineers FAT to be repeated under the Expenses of the Main contractor.
3.3 Site Tests
3.3.1 General
The site tests of relays shall be mainly based on functional tests, in addition to the visual and wiring
checking of the relays, in order to ensure that all components are correctly installed and properly
aligned and that there are no imperfections due to damage during transport to site. Prior to carrying
out the site tests on the protection equipment, the Contractor should ensure that approved
drawings/site test procedures and protocols are available on hand and all the AC/DC auxiliary
services were tested for complete installation. and ready for use.
Proposed DC system should be tested and commissioned at the site before starting any protection
relaying site testing activities. Temporary DC system for the purposes of site testing shall not be
considered or accepted.
Relay site tests shall include comprehensive tests and checks with the protection equipment fully
connected to the array of all field devices (RAC, PC, SCMS, FMS, teleprotection signaling
equipment if applicable, switchgear, CTs/VTs, dc system, etc).
Checks and tests shall include:
Secondary and primary injections including sensitivity and stability checks for all unit protection
schemes, insulation resistance, wiring continuity, scheme checks, relay logic, performance of
engineer interface, functional-trip tests, setting ranges and calibration accuracy, response (trip)
times, functional availability, system supervision, performance of communication interfaces with
RAC ,PC/SCMS, events and disturbance records etc. All the definite and optional functions
available in the relay should be tested. All output contacts including spare contacts should be
checked.
Transient tests shall include simulating dc off-sets and harmonics, in order to verify the dynamic
behavior, including the circuit breaker trip time, communication channel time and the effectiveness
of the settings adopted.

All the feeders final trip tests including directional functions, shall be performed by primary
injection.
After energization, load tests shall be carried out for all differential and directional schemes.s
Primary injection, load tests and all protection scheme checks should be carried out by the substation
contractor for the complete circuit ends irrespective of the circuits (cable/OHL) and remote end
panels either existing and/or supplied by others.
All the project contractor and consultant site activities teams shall get AADC approval on project
inception. Approval of team / persons from any previous projects shall not validate approval of the
team / persons for the proposed new project. Approval or rejection of the proposed personnel will be
carried out after review of profile and interview. Approval is valid only for the particular project and
subject to review at any stage of the project schedule depending upon site performance. Any of the
project team members shall not be withdrawn without prior approval from AADC. In addition, the
lead commissioning engineer shall be proposed immediately once the equipment had been approved
and any of the equipments testing shall not be started without lead commissioning engineer.
ADDC/AADC Decision is final in selecting Engineers for Testing. If any Engineer Name is
recommended for the benefit of the Project from the Manufacturers, Contractor Must provide that
Engineers or Equivalent acceptable Engineers.
The site-testing manager should be overall responsible for coordinating the test program and
ensuring that tests are performed as per approved quality procedures.
The overall testing schedule, weekly and daily test schedules should be submitted well in advance of
the tests.
Overall schedules for on-site tests shall be submitted for approval at least one month before start of
the tests.
The results of all tests shall be submitted immediately after satisfactory completion of tests in the
form of computer printout along with the hand written test sheets signed by ADDC/AADC for
witness of the tests.
Site test reports shall illustrate all test details, as well as details of all applied testing equipment and
their calibration validity.
The Bidder/Contractor shall provide sufficient number of experienced test personnel during
inspection tests and at Site (preferably senior engineers from factory). For all relay schemes newly
installed in ADDC/AADC network and low impedance busbar protection schemes, all site tests
should be carried out by the original manufacturer's representative and no deviations are permitted.
For all main protection and differential/circulating current schemes, the tests shall be carried out By
the original relay manufacturer. Where this is not feasible, at least typical relays should be tested
under the supervision of original relay manufacturer and no deviations are permitted, while the
balance relays shall be tested by engineers certified and authorized to test by the original
manufacturer and no deviations are permitted.

The Bidder/Contractor shall not withdraw or change the test engineer(s) before the completion of all
the testing activities, unless it is the requirement of ADDC/AADC in the event that the test personnel
lacks adequate test skills, knowledge base and technical expertise in the concerned protection
systems/equipment.
Where work permits at existing Substations are required, the Bidder/Contractor shall give sufficient
notice to ADDC/AADC to plan and prepare for the necessary outage (if any) to be arranged.
Overall tests involving more than one Bidder/Contractor's equipment shall be suitably and
professionally co-ordinated and arranged by the main Bidder/Contractor. The test and
commissioning programs shall be subject to approval by ADDC/AADC at site.
The Bidder/Contractor shall carry out any additional site tests, other than those mentioned in the
approved site test program, if deemed necessary by ADDC/AADC, due to some unforeseen
technical requirements arising out of operational contingencies in the network and loading
conditions.
4 SETTING REQUIREMENTS:
Prior to field tests on protection relays, the Bidder/Contractor shall provide to ADDC/AADC for
approval operational settings and parameters with all necessary calculations, single line diagrams,
grading curves etc. to set the protection relays/systems to the substation conditions and power grid
requirements. All tests should be carried out with approved settings. Where this would not be
feasible, tests should be carried out with typical settings and should be repeated with approved
settings before energisation. The contractor shall ensure and record that other than the recommended
functions/settings and related trip schemes, no other functions/trip elements/contacts are
enabled/active.
Calculations for the revision of relay settings (e.g. backup OC/EF protection, zone 2 and 3 of
distance relays) in the remote end Substations shall also be submitted to ADDC/AADC for approval.
All data required for setting calculations should be requested by Contractor to ADDC/AADC well in
advance of the site tests. Where OHL and / or cable circuits are installed by contractor, all tests and
measurements required for setting calculations such as impedance parameters, shall be carried out by
contractor.
Setting requirements for Al Ain Distribution Network shall adhere to AADC policy no.
(OP.EP/T&PS.03) as appropriate for the responsible party defined in the above defined policy and
the following. Setting calculations shall be performed by software and integrated with existing
network models (ETAP for AADC). The relay / setting database (ASPEN for AADC) shall also be
updated. The policy will be provided to the successful bidder on request If any other tools, in
addition with ETAP software required for calculation, Contractor/ Consultant shall be discussed with
AADC for approval prior to use the tools for calculation. All protection setting calculation hard copy
and softcopy (editable version including tools) shall be submitted to AADC.

Documentation and General Requirements:
1. All formulae, parameter values indicated in the setting calculation shall be indicated /
justified with required supporting documents, equations and test results.
2. All the required supportive documents such as single line diagram (SLD), relay settings
(upstream/downstream) fault currents/system data (received from AADC), relay
manufacturer recommendations and manuals, etc. shall be submitted.
3. All the documents including should be submitted in suitable paper size, legible to read.
4. Single line diagram shall cover protection setting, operating time, grading time, source
end, remote end, line parameters (length, size, etc.), CT details, VT details, make and
type of relays, etc. shall be indicated.
5. Protection logic diagram shall be provided for each feeder.
6. Approved protection relay list, relay model number, type, ordering code etc. shall be
included in the protection setting calculation.
7. Each feeder /relay should have independent relay setting calculations, summary setting
table, setting files and all the available function shall be considered in the setting study.
8. The relay summary table shall cover all the available functions (for e.g, thermal over load
O/L, U/V, O/V, fault record, etc...) and settings (parameters), setting range, step, settings
group, unit, enabled and disabled functions, default settings and recommended settings.
9. Binary Inputs and Binary Outputs to be configured based on scheme requirements and
function of the same to be indicated very clearly.
10. X/R ratio for the short-circuit calculation shall be considered as specified. Also, motor
contribution shall be considered for the S.C calculation.
11. Disturbance recording for all relays, Pre-fault duration 90%, post fault duration 10% for
each record. The record shall be triggered on trip activation and shall be available for 5
seconds especially for protection functions impacted by voltage dip or sympathetic trip.
12. The required design documents for justifying thermal over load settings from
cable/OHL/transformer manufacturer and should be reviewed based on field tests.
Enabling thermal overload function could be decided at field before commissioning.
13. Over Voltage and Under Voltage to be 2 stage alarms only for all feeder types, tripping
shall not be activated.
14. Load Shedding function if available to be blocked at primaries, after setting evaluation.
15. CT star point (towards line or bus) shall be indicated very clearly.
16. All the relay setting calculation soft copy (editable version) and hard copy shall be
submitted.
17. Setting study shall be done by ETAP software only. All ETAP models shall be submitted
in a version matching to AADC in order to integrate with the existing network models.

Over Current and Earth Fault Protection:
1. Protection overall SLD shall clearly highlight protected feeders, their remote end system
parameters such as No, circuit, length of line/cable, CT ratios, PMS, TMS, grading
margins, operating times at max/min fault levels at local and next step relay locations.
2. Setting shall be provided with sufficient grading time/ margins.
3. Operating time and grading time shall be submitted for both minimum and maximum
fault levels.
4. Sequence of operation shall be indicated for both over current and earth fault protection.
Also, all possibility of Sequence of Events shall be submitted for both through fault
condition and fault condition.
5. At Grid substation with two or more 33kV feeders to primary substation, coordination
of the 220/33kV transformer incomer protection and the 33kV feeder protection at the
grid substation shall be checked with all 33kV feeders in parallel.
6. Source end substation feeder and settings shall be indicated. They shall form the basis
and shall not be changed. Grading with source end settings shall be verified. Grading
shall be ensured with existing source outgoing feeder (and bus section /coupler settings).
7. Operation time at grid station shall not exceed 0.8 sec in all cases.
8. At a Primary Substation (PRY) supplied by two or more incomers from a 33kV grid
substation, co-ordination of the primary substation 33kV bus section protection and the
Incomer protection is checked with a single Incomer in service.
9. At a PRY 11kV supplied by two or more transformers, coordination of 11kV bus section
protection and incomer protection is checked with one transformer in service.
10. Co-ordination of the primary 33kV interconnector and the incomer protection is checked
with a single incomer in service.
11. Grading for Interconnectors shall be provided.
12. Auxiliary transformer LV side fuse/MCCB /MCB shall be coordinated with LV bus
section O/C & E/F, protection. The same shall be considered in the grading diagram.
13. Directional OC/EF settings shall be proposed and justified; direction selection shall be
based on manufacturers recommendation and shall be verified by field tests.
14. Effect of emerging transients in the aftermath of fault clearance causing inductive motors
to draw high current in excess of relay setting shall be considered.
15. The I2t/damage curve of the equipments shall be taken into consideration. The adequacy
to protect equipments (cable/Transformer/OHL/ ...etc) shall be justified.

16. Non-operation protection relays shall be proven for starting current of 1 or group of
motors with prevailing maximum load. All motor details including operating philosophy
shall be submitted.
17. Earth Fault Settings should be 20% of CT taps value for respective feeder types.
18. 33kV Incomer, 11kV Transformer Incomer & Bus Section - High Set function shall
not be enabled.
33kV and 11kV Cable/OHL Feeders
1. For O/C relays, current setting of 1.5 times rated circuit current for 33 and 11 kV
Cable/OHL feeders shall be applied (150% for 300A tap & equivalent for other taps).
Only in case of adequate grading between relays is not achieved with this setting, the
current setting could be further reduced depending upon the range and timing available in
various relays type until satisfactory discrimination is achieved.
2. Recommended 11kV outgoing feeders settings at 33/11kV primary / package unit are:-
I> = 1.5 x In A (CTR: 300/1), t> = 0.125 NI
Io> = 0.2 x In A (CTR: 300/1), to> = 0.11 NI
Accordingly upstream feeders are to be graded.
3. Cable current differential protection shall work on redundant fibers and on failure of both
communications, distance shall be activated only for source ends with circuit length
5km while for load ends, distance protection shall be blocked irrespective of the feeding
circuit length.
4. In case of primary 33kV and switching station 11kV incomers, backup (non-directional)
OC/EF shall be enabled on main protection relay while directional OC/EF shall be
enabled on stand-alone BCPU or OC/EF relay.
5. In case of outgoing feeders and PU incomers, backup OC/EF shall be enabled on stand-
alone BCPU or OC/EF relay.
6. For cable feeders, SEF protection if available shall be deactivated. For 11kV OHL
feeders, SEF setting shall be 8A primary current, 5 seconds. For Broken Conductor
Protection, settings shall be proposed by manufacturer with justifications and field
measurements.
7. Auto-reclose settings shall be activated for 33kV OHL feeders and 33kV composite
feeders where cable circuit length is 20% or less of total circuit length.
8. Distance protection zone 2 &3 operating time shall be coordinated with backup OC/ EF
protection.

33/11kV Transformer Feeder
1. For O/C relays, current setting shall be applied as 120% of 33 and 11kV Transformer
rated current.
2. 33kV transformer instantaneous highest OC should be set considering 20% margin over
maximum through-fault current.
3. Grading shall be justified between 11kV side EF relay setting and 33kV side OC relay for
faults on 11kV side.
4. High Set shall be disabled for SBEF function.
5. Transformer inrush current shall be shown on the grading diagram.
6. REF operating current setting to be 25% of transformer rated current.
7. AVR settings shall be based on transformer/tap changer operations/technical data and
shall be accordingly proposed. The dead band setting is recommended to be same as the tapping
step.
8. Synchronism Check settings are recommended as follows:
Upper threshold voltage : 0.5
Lower threshold voltage : 0.1
Voltage difference : 0.1
Phase difference : 10
Frequency difference Hz : 0.1
9. Under Frequency settings are recommended as follows:
UNDERVOLTAGE BLOCKING: 75%
UNDERFREQUENCY STAGE-1 : 49.3/1 sec
UNDERFREQUENCY STAGE-2 : 49
UNDERFREQUENCY STAGE-3 : 48.7
UNDERFREQUENCY STAGE-4 : 48.4
10. For capacitor Bank, manufacturer shall propose the settings and justify. However UV
settings should be 2 stages with alarms only and without trip activations.
11. 33/11 kV transformer differential relay setting is 0.25XIb based on selected CT ratio
400/1 for 20MVA or 300/1 for 15MVA transformer.
12. 33kV line differential relay setting 0.3XIb based on selected CT ratio 600/1A.
13. Any tripping or blocking scenarios for transformer AVR/ parallel operation conditions
shall be clearly highlighted and specific approval shall be obtained before implementing the
same.

Busbar protection
1. One line diagram with CT/VT parameters, no. of BBP zone, type of relays including
main and check zones, no. of CT per zone, etc. shall be provided.
2. Busbar protection current setting shall be 10% to 30% of minimum fault current on
protected busbars and shall be above busbar rated current/load current. The value of
resistor and other settings shall accordingly be evaluated.
3. Current supervision setting shall consider when the CT for feeder carrying lowest load is
opened.
4. CT error/relay error shall be considered for BBP setting study in order to ensure stability
and sensitivity of system.
5. CT overlapping in the SLD shall be indicated in consideration with blind zone coverage
for BBP.
Setting recommendations shall be submitted for approval at least 3 months before

commissioning/energization and shall be in a format agreed with ADDC/AADC.
5 ENERGIZING PRE-REQUIREMENTS
Before energizing the substation, the following should be ensured as minimum.
All as built drawings, final design calculations, cable schedules, protection settings, signed FAT
and SAT reports and O&M manuals are available at site. The hard and soft copies of this
document should be handed over to ADDC/AADC offices not more than four weeks from the
date of commissioning.
Engraved single line diagrams of 33 kV, 22 kV, 11 kV, LVAC and DC system are available in
the respective substation rooms.
Engraved interlock description/block diagrams should be available in the respective switchgear
rooms.
Final approved relay settings are implemented and verified. Soft copy of downloaded setting are
handed over to AADC
Relay downloading/configuration software/license are provided to ADDC/AADC.
All essential keys, tools such as laptop/PC, connecting cables, and spares have been handed over.
Site training on operation, configuration and maintenance of all relays, BCPUs, Control schemes
and DC system have been completed.

Substation is ready to be controlled and monitored from local and remote points including DMS.
Asset ownership Certificate.
Warranty Start Date, Warranty End Date.
Contractor project Manager / Emergency Team
SAT Approved Test Reports.
FAT Approved Test Reports.
6 WARRANTY REQUIREMENTS;
In addition to standard contractual warranty of 2 year, protection equipment are subject to additional
warranty as defined in clause 4. of General Design Requirements of ASTS S-AAA-GEW FDG (Gen
Conditions).

S Aa Cps MV LV Prot (Rev 0 2015)

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STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ELECTRIC WORKS

MV/LV SUBSTATION PROTECTION SCHEMES

(FOR GRID, PRIMARY, PACKAGE, SWITCHING, AND DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATIONS)

ADWEA/ADDC/AADC STANDARD : S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT

S-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev.0-2015) Page 1 of 46

S-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev.0-2015) Page 2 of 46

MV/LV SUBSTATION PROTECTION SCHEMES

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S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 4 of 46

Drawing No: Title

DWG AA CPS PROT 01 04 01 Typical Feeder Protection: Transformer 132/11kV

1.2 Equipment identification and colour codes

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2.1.1 Required Functions and Features:

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S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 7 of 46

2.1.2 Scope of Protection Requirements For Energizing Of Existing/New Circuits/System:

RAC/SCMS integration (software license shall be upgraded if required) and testing as

DMS integration (software and hardware) and testing

S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 8 of 46

Where additional relay equipment is to be installed in an existing station, it is the responsibility of

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2.1.3 Other Requirements:

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All CT/VT rating plate shall be available on LV compartment of switchgear.

2.1.4 SUMMARY OF PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS;

S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 11 of 46

Main Main Back-Up Remarks

S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 12 of 46

without OPGW at OC/EF

16. Grid -33kV Low impedance BBP

2.2 Arrangement of Facilities

2.3 Cubicles, Panels and Wiring

2.4 Relays and Schemes

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Tripping Supply 2 (if applicable)

2.5 Individual MV - Protection Schemes

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Combinations of NO and NC auxiliary contacts on each isolator/breaker shall be provided for

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3-phase trip and high-speed auto-reclose

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iii. Ratio of negative sequence to positive sequence currents( I2/I1)

S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 26 of 46

2.5.5 Protection of MV Cable Feeders and OHL with OPGW

S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 27 of 46

Existing pilot wire protection scheme if insulated to 5 kV should be replaced with 15 kV

The conceptual design of the protection shall be unaffected by:

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2.5.6 33 kV or 22 kV / 11 kV Transformer Protection (33 kV or 22 kV Primary Side and

S-AA-CPS-MV-LV-PROT (Rev 0-2015) Page 31 of 46