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INTRODUCTION
Model 4425 Vibrating Wire konvergensi Meter
The Model 4425 Vibrating Wire Convergence dirancang untuk mendeteksi deformasi massa
Meter is designed to detect the deformation of batuan dengan mengukur kontraksi (atau
rockorsoilmassesbymeasuringthecontraction elongasi) antara 2 titik anchor yang tetap. Titik
(or elongation) between 2 fixed anchor points. anchor didirikandi massa, dan batangdari satu
Anchor points are established in the mass, and anchormengarahtransduseryangterletakdititik
connecting rods from one anchor lead back to anchorkedua.Perubahandalamjarakantaradua
transducerassemblylocatedatthesecondanchor jangkardisampaikanolehbatangdandiukuroleh
point.Changesindistancebetweenthe2anchors transduser.
are conveyed by the connecting rods and
measuredbythetransducer. TheModel4425ConvergenceMeterterdiridari3
komponen dasar. Mereka adalah 1) dua jangkar
TheModel4425ConvergenceMeterconsistsof3 poin,2)6mm(1/4")diameterbatang,dan3),the
basic components. They are 1) the 2 anchor springtensioned vibrating wire transduce
points,2)6mm(14")diameterconnectingrods, (rangkaian kawat pegaskencang transduce
and 3) the springtensioned vibrating wire bergetar) . Lihat gambar 1. Aksesori penting
transducer assembly. See Figure 1. Essential termasuk kawat readout vibrating dan instalasi
accessoriesincludeavibratingwirereadoutand alatkit(disediakan).
aninstallationtoolkit(supplied).
Transduser terdiri dari elemen penginderaan
The transducer consists of a vibrating wire kawat yang bergetar dalam seri dengan panas
sensing element in series with a heat treated, diperlakukan,streslegasemiyangterhubungke
stress relieved spring which is connectedto the kawatdisatuujungdanbatangmenghubungkan
wireatoneendandaconnectingrodattheother. lainnya. Unit yang sepenuhnya disegel dan
Theunitisfullysealedandoperatesatpressures beroperasipadatekanansampaidengan250psi.
ofupto250psi.Astheconnectingrodispulled Sepertimenghubungkanbatangditarikkeluardari
outfromthegagebody,thespringiselongated tubuh gage, musim semi ini memanjang
causinganincreaseintensionwhichissensedby menyebabkan peningkatan ketegangan yang
the vibrating wire element. The tension in the dirasakan oleh elemen kawat bergetar.
wire is directly proportional to the extension, Ketegangan di kawat berbanding lurus dengan
hence, the convergence can be determined very ekstensi, oleh karena itu, konvergensi dapat
accurately by measuring the strain change with ditentukansangatakuratdenganmengukurstrain
thevibratingwirereadoutbox. perubahan dengan kotak pembacaan kawat
bergetar.
Theconvergencemetercanoperateinhorizontal,
inclined or vertical orientations. In areas where Konvergensi meter dapat beroperasi pada
construction traffic is expected or where the orientasivertikal,horizontal,ataucenderung.Di
instrument may be left in an exposed location, daerah mana lalulintas konstruksi diharapkan
some form of protective housing should be atau mana instrumen dapat dibiarkan di lokasi
considered. yang terkena, beberapa bentuk pelindung
perumahanharusdipertimbangkan.
2.INSTALLATION
2.1.PreliminaryTests
Uponreceiptoftheinstrument,thegageshould
be checked for proper operation (including the
thermistor).SeeSection3forreadoutinstructions.
Inposition"B"thegagewill readaround2000
when the threaded connector is pulled out
approximately3mm(0.125").Donotextendthe
connectormorethantherangeofthegage.The
threadedconnectorontheendofthegageshould
notbeturnedindependentlyofthegagebody.
Checksofelectricalcontinuitycanalsobemade 2.INSTALASI
usinganohmmeter.Resistancebetweenthegage
leads should be approximately 180 , 10 . 2.1.awaltes
Remembertoaddcableresistancewhenchecking
(22 AWG stranded copper leads are Setelahmenerimainstrumen,gageharusdiperiksa
approximately 14.7/1000' or 48.5/km, untuk pengoperasian yang benar (termasuk
multiply by2 for both directions). Betweenthe termistor). Lihat bagian 3 pada 2.2 untuk
green and white should be approximately 3000 pembacaanpetunjuk.Dalamposisi"B"gageakan
ohms at 25 (see Table B1), and between any membaca sekitar 2000 ketika konektor berulir
conductor and the shield should exceed 2 ditarik keluar sekitar 3 mm (0,125"). Jangan
megohms. menarikmelebihikisarantersebut.
threadedportion.Usethreadlockingcementand
tightenthelocknut.Settheturnbucklesuchthat
about1012mm(0.5")ofthreadisinsidefrom
eachend.
2.Measurethetotaldistancefromanchoreyebolt
toanchoreyebolt,insidetoinsideatthe
5.ConnecttheSwagelokeyehooktooneendof
therodsandtheconvergencemetertothe
other.
6.Hooktheeyehookendintotheinstalledeyebolt
first.
6.hookakhireyehookkeeyebolttersebutdiinstal
pertama.
2.3.CableInstallation
Thecableshouldberoutedinsuchawaysoasto
minimizethepossibilityofdamageduetomoving
equipment,debrisorothercauses.Cablesmaybe
the splice completely, spliced to preferably
lengthen them, without affecting gage readings.
using an epoxy based splice kit such the 3M
AlwaysScotchcastwaterproof,model82A1.
Thesekitsareavailablefromthefactory.
2.4.ElectricalNoise
2.5.InitialReadings
4.DATAREDUCTION
4.1.DeformationCalculation