SELECTION CRITERIA OF DIRECT RESTORATIVE

MATERIALS.

These are:

1. Adaptability to cavity walls and margins

2. Great strength properties

3. Dimensional stability in the cavity

4. Biologic compatibility with the adjacent structures

and pulp

5. Insolubility in the fluids of the mouth

6. Harmonious color

7. Low thermal conductivity and thermal changes

8. Convenience of manipulation

SELECTION CRITERIA OF DIRECT RESTORATIVE

MATERIALS.
FACTORS AMALGAM COMPOSIT GLASS
E IONOMER

DEFINITION Dental A highly Glass-

amalgam is cross- ionomer is
an alloy of linked the
mercury, polymeric generic
silver, tin, material name of a
copper reinforced group of
which may by a materials
also contain dispersion that use
palladium, of silicate
zinc and amorphous glass
other silica, powder
 metals. glass, and
crystalline aqueous
or organic solution of
resin filler polyacrylic
particles acid
and/or
short
fibers
bonded to
the matrix
by a
coupling
agent.

PRINCIPAL -For -Esthetic -Anterior

USES restorations enhancem restorative
of large ent material
cavities procedure -Luting
- Core build s agent
ups -Sealants -Liner/
and base
preventive -Core build
resin up
restoration material
s -
- Restoratio
Foundatio n of
ns or core deciduous
build ups teeth
-Cements -Pit &
for indirect fissure
restoration sealent
s
-Temporary
restoration
 s
-
Periodonta
l splinting
LEAKAGE Leakage is Leakage is Leakage is
moderate. low when generally
properly low
bonded to
underlying
tooth
Resistance to high moderate Not
Wear resistant
to wear
Resistance to good Moderate low
fracture
RECURRENT Moderately more less
DECAY prevalent
FLUORIDE Not present Not Present
RELEASE present Anticariog
enic
properties
OVERALL good moderate moderate
DURABILITY
CAVITY Requires Adhesive Minimal
PREPARATION removal of bonding removal of
CONSIDERATI tooth permits tooth
ONS structure for removing structure
adequate less tooth
retention structure.

RESISTANCE Brittle, Moderate Low

TO subject to resistance resistance
FRACTURE chipping on to fracture to
filling edges, in high- fracture.
but good load
bulk restoration
strength in s
larger high-
 load
restorations
STRENGTH good poor poor

BIOCOMPATIB NO YES YES

ILITY

WHETHER NO YES NO
TECHNIQUE
SENSITIVE
POST- Early Occurrenc The pain
PLACEMENT sensitivity e of was
SENSITIVITY to hot and sensitivity usually
cold highly delayed in
possible. depen- onset,
dent on progressiv
ability to e in nature
adequatel
y bond the
restoration
to the
underlying
tooth
viscosity low
viscosity
pH low initial
pH.
ESTHETICS Silver or Mimics Mimics
gray natural natural
metallic tooth color tooth
color so and color, but
does not translucen lacks
mimic tooth cy natural
color. translucen
cy of
enamel.
STAINING Doesnt Subject to Subject to
AND stain and staining staining
DISCOLORATI discolour and and
ON easily. discolorati discolorati
on on
over time. over time.

RELATIVE LESS EXPENSIVE ECONOMIC

COST TO COST/ECONO
PATIENT MIC

DIMENSIONAL The Contractio

STABILITY: dimensional n develops
change of slowly
amalgam is through
quite the setting
less.amalga process.
m neither
contract nor
expand
more than
20 um/cm
measured at
37oC
between 5
min and 24
hr after
beginning of
trituration
SOLUBILITY -The initial
AND solubility
DISINTEGRATI is high,
ON due to
leaching of
intermedia
te
products.
NUMBER OF ONE ONE ONE
APPOINTMEN
TS

REFERENCES

-Tooth colored restorative materials- Albers

-Art & science of conservative dentistry-
Sturdevent
-Operative dentistry Vimal Sikri
-Science of Dental materials- Annusavice
-Packable composite: overview. Jol of esthet. 99
vol 11(5), 235
-Placing dental composite. Op dent.2008
vol33(3), 247
-Polyacid-modified composite resins & their use
in clinical dentistry. Dent mat 2007 vol 23,615
-The new posterior resins. JADA 2000 vol 131, 375
COMPARISON OF INDIRECT RESTORATIVE DENTAL
MATERIALS.

SELECTION CERAMI METAL- CAST- BASE

CRITERIA C CERAMI GOLD METAL
C (HIGH ALLOY
NOBLE) S
ALLOYS (NON-
NOBLE
General Porcelain, Ceramic is Alloy of Alloys of
ceramic or fused to gold, non-
Description glass-like an copper noble
fillings and underlyin and other metals
crowns g metal metals with
structure resulting silver
to provide in a appearan
strength strong, ce
to a effective resulting
filling, filling, in high-
crown or crown or strength
bridge. bridge. crowns
and
bridges
Principal Inlays, Crowns Inlays, Crowns,
onlays, and fixed onlays, fixed
Uses crowns and bridges. crowns bridges
esthetic and fixed and
veneers bridges partial
dentures
Durability Brittle Very Good Durable
material strong strength and
and and possess
durable. durable good
strength

Resistance Highly Highly Moderatel Moderat

resistant to resistant y ely
to wear to wear resistant resistant
Wear to wear to wear

Resistance Prone to Ceramic is Highly Highly

fracture prone to resistant resistant
to fracture; to to
Fracture the metal fracture fracture
is Highly
resistant
to
fracture
Biocompati Well- Well Well Well
bility tolerated tolerated, tolerated tolerated
but some , but
patients some
may show patients
allergenic may
sensitivity show
to base allergeni
metals. c
sensitivit
y to base
metals.
Esthetics Color and Ceramic Metal Metal
translucenc can mimic colors do colors do
y mimic natural not mimic not
natural tooth natural mimic
tooth appear- teeth. natural
appearance ance, but teeth.
metal
limits
transluce
ncy.
Cavity It requires It It requires It
more tooth requires the least requires
Preparation reduction moderate amount of the least
Considerati during tooth tooth amount
ons preparation reduction structure of tooth
. is removal. structure
required. removal
Sensitivity reduced increased increased increase
d
after
placement
Thermal Low High High high

conductivit
y
Relative High high high high

cost to
patient
How to choose between the different extra
coronal restorative modalities

Composite Ceramic 3/4 Full

veneers veneers crown crow
n
USES -Used to modify -Modify -gold can
be cast in
is
require
color or shape of color,
one or two teeth shape, thin d where
-When patient length and section, either
therefore, the
refuse tooth alignment
3/4 crown remaini
preparation of teeth
can be ng
-One appointment -Extensive used to tooth
procedure modificatio reinforce structur
-Used for n of several posterior e is
adolescent teeth at a teeth badly
patients time when the broken
-Long term -Close facial down
temporary spaces surfaces and no
restoration while (diastema of the other
teeth are method
completing other closure)
intact will
treatment such as -Restore
restore
perio or ortho fractured the
treatment and tooth or
endodontic when it
ally treated is
teeth necessa
ry to
correct
esthetic
s or
occlusio
n. If
esthetic
s is not
critical
then
 cast
gold is
the
materia
l of
choice
to
conserv
e tooth
structur
e
DISADVAN their use in Lack of Multistag
TAGES lengthening teeth long term e
in function results data on productio
in premature longevity n
failure Possibility High
of post skill
deterioration operative required
require periodic sensitivity at each
repair and Marginal stage
replacement discoloratio
n Relativel
Fracture y high
Wear of cost
opposing
teeth Esthetics
High skill is
and doubtful
multistage
production
Relatively
high cost

Summary
Selection of the suitable restorative material
may determine the success o failure of the final
restoration.
The ideal restorative material is yet to be found.
 Intelligent selection of restorative material
depends upon thorough evaluation of the
currently available restorative materials in the
light of all the conditioning factors presented by
each individual case.

Some of the conditioning factors may modify the

selection of restorative materials but should
never justify using material of inferior qualities
unless decided by the patient after being
discussed with him.
In the absence of the ideal restorative material
combination of two or more materials may be
used to obtained the required qualities.