MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING

PROCEDURE (MT)

Signature

Ezzeddine BEN Mohamed

00 10/09/2015 Creation Mohamed MECHERGUI
KRAIEM MECHERGUI
Ezzeddine BEN Mohamed
01 01/11/2015 Revision Mohamed MECHERGUI
KRAIEM MECHERGUI
Rev. Date Description Issued by Verified by Approved by
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OPERATIOANAL DOCUMENT Code: DO-TEC-118
Revision: 01
MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION Edition: 11/15
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SUMMARY

1. SCOPE......................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................................... 3
3. NORMATIVE REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................... 3
4. DEFINITION ................................................................................................................................................ 3
5. QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL .............................................................................. 3
6. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS ................................................................................................................... 4
7. MAGNETIZING TECHNIQUE ....................................................................................................................... 4
7.1. Surface preparation and pre-cleaning .................................................................................................. 4
7.2. Magnetizing field adequacy................................................................................................................... 4
7.3. Lifting power of yoke ............................................................................................................................. 5
7.4. Piece examination (Method Of magnetization) .................................................................................... 5
7.5. Direction of magnetization .................................................................................................................... 6
7.6. Sequence of operation .......................................................................................................................... 6
7.7. Viewing conditions ................................................................................................................................ 6
8. DEMAGNETIZATING ................................................................................................................................... 7
9. CLEANING ................................................................................................................................................... 7
10. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA .............................................................................................................................. 7
11. DEFECT REMOVAL AND REPAIRS ............................................................................................................... 7
12. REPORT ...................................................................................................................................................... 8

APPENDIX 1 :MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION REPORT FQ-TEC-102

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OPERATIOANAL DOCUMENT Code: DO-TEC-118
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1. SCOPE
This operational document is a specified procedure for Magnetic particle examination to be used by SIS.

2. PURPOSE

The purpose of this procedure is to ensure that the magnetic particle testing is carried out in a controlled
defined manner, in accordance with the requirements of Codes and standard referenced below in
Normative References.

3. NORMATIVE REFERENCES
BS EN ISO 9934 -1:2015. Non-destructive testing. Magnetic particle testing. General principles.
BS EN ISO 23278:2015. Non-destructive testing of welds. Magnetic particle testing. Acceptance
levels.
ASTM E709, 2011 edition: Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examinations.
ASME BPVC Section V, 2010 edition, Article 7 and Article 25: Non destructive examination.
ASME BPVC Section VIII, 2010 edition, Division I, Annex 6 (Paragraphs 6-3, 6-4, 6-5): Rules for
Construction of Pressure Vessels.
SNT-TC-1A, 2011 edition: American Society for Nondestructive Testing, Recommended Practice.
ISO 9712, 2012 edition: Non-destructive testing. Qualification and certification of NDT personnel.

4. DEFINITIONS
Permanent magnet: Without current flow.
Electro-magnet AC: Alternative current power supply electromagnetic yoke.
Solvent: Used for cleaning the surface to be examined.
Contrast Lacquers: Is generally white, sprayed in the area to be examined.
Developer: There are essentially two main families:
- Dry Developers: form of ferromagnetic particles colored in black or red, very mobile on
the piece and very visible to the eye.
- The wet developers:
Colored magnetic particles in the carrier liquid. In this case the review will be
conducted in white light.
The fluorescent magnetic particles in the carrier liquid. In this case the
examination is carried out by means of a lamp emitting ultraviolet radiation.

5. QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF PERSONNEL

The inspector who performs magnetic particle examination must have normal vision (with or without
correction) and be qualified and currently certified at least Level II in magnetic particle testing, according to
SNT-TC-1A, ISO 9712 or COTEND.
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6. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

The following shall be used as per this procedure:

- A permanent magnet yokes.

- Electro-magnet AC or DC yokes.
- Magnetic Particle Field Indicator.
- Calibration Equipment.
- Lux meter.
- Magnetic particle.
- Solvent.
- Contrast lacquers.

7. MAGNETIZING TECHNIQUE
7.1. Surface preparation and pre-cleaning
Prior to magnetic particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at
least 1 inch shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux, weld spatter, oil or other
extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.
Cleaning maybe accomplished using vapor degreasing, solvent flushing, sand or grit blasting, paint
removers, detergents, organic solvents or de-scaling solutions.
Prior to magnetic particle inspection the parts to be tested shall be visually examined to locate
any surface anomalies that will not be detected by magnetic particle testing. Any such anomalies
shall be noted on the inspection report.
Magnetic Particles shall be used on surface temperature up to 50 Celsius.

7.2. Magnetizing field adequacy

Prior to magnetic particle inspection, it is necessary to verify the adequacy or direction of the
magnetizing field, the magnetic particle field indicator (for example; Pie-Shaped Magnetic Particle
Field Indicator or Artificial Flaw Shims) shall be used by positioning the indicator on the surface to
be examined. A suitable flux or field strength is indicated when a clearly defined line of magnetic
particles forms across the copper face of the indicator when the magnetic particles are applied with
the magnetizing force turned on. When a clearly defined line of particles is not formed, or is
not formed in the desired direction, the magnetizing technique shall be changed or adjusted.
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7.3. Lifting power of yoke

(a) Prior to use, the magnetizing power of permanent magnetic yokes shall be checked daily prior to
use and the magnetizing power of all yokes shall be checked whenever the yoke has been damaged
or repaired.
(b) Each alternating current electromagnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 10 lb (4.5 kg) at
the maximum pole spacing that will be used.
(c) Each direct current or permanent magnetic yoke shall have a lifting power of at least 40 lb (18 kg)
at the maximum pole spacing that will be used.

7.4. Piece examination (Method Of magnetization)

The method of magnetization shall be done using either electromagnetic yoke or permanent magnet,
with pole spacing to be between a minimum of 3 inches (76.2 mm) and a maximum of 8 inches
(203.2mm). Shorter spacing may be used to compensate for the geometry of area being examined or
increase sensitivity, but leg spacing less than 3 inches (76.2 mm) is not recommended due to the
strength of the longitudinal magnetic field at the poles.
The Yoke shall be placed in contact with the surface to be examined and energized.
While maintaining the magnetic field, apply the magnetic particles so that a light, uniform coating
settles on the examination surface. The application of magnetic particle must be in the same time of
the magnetization of the piece to be controlled with a minimum time of 3-5 seconds.
i. Dry particles method
a) For electromagnetic yoke, the yoke is energized, and the dry particles are applied to the area
between the poles. The application of the dry particles shall be stopped and the excess of the
examination medium shall be removed before the yoke is de-energized.
b) For permanent magnets, the magnet shall be placed across the area, and the dry particles are
applied to the area between the poles. The application of the dry particles shall be stopped and the
excess of the examination medium shall be removed before the magnet is removed.
c) For the application of dry particles in either technique, the dry particles shall be introduced to the
area very lightly and sparingly so as not to disturb any lightly held particle patterns.
d) Accumulations of excess dry particles in examinations shall be removed with a light air stream from
a bulb or syringe or other source of low Pressure dry air. The examination magnetization field shall be
maintained while removing the excess particles.
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ii. Wet particles method

a) For electromagnetic yoke, the yoke is energized after the particles have been applied. The flow of
the particles shall stop with the application of current. Wet particle applied from aerosol spray cans
may be applied before and/or after magnetizing current is applied.
b) For permanent magnets, the magnet shall be placed across the area, and the wet particles are
applied to the area between the poles. The application of the wet particles shall be stopped before the
magnet is removed.
c) With the wet particles method, care shall be exercised to avoid flooding of the area.

7.5. Direction of magnetization

At least two separate examinations shall be performed on each area. During this second examination,
the lines of magnetic flux shall be approximately perpendicular to those used during the first
examination. A different technique for magnetization may be used for the second examination. Each
examination shall be conducted with sufficient overlap to assure 100% coverage.

7.6. Sequence of operation

a) All surfaces shall be visually inspected (before commencement of testing) to ensure that they are free
from any foreign material such as grease, paint etc.
b) Colored background paint shall be applied to the test surface to provide adequate contrast.
c) The magnetizing field shall then be applied to the test area.
d) The magnetic ink or powder shall be sprayed onto the area being tested while the magnetic field is
applied.
e) The surface being inspected with yoke technique using wet particle, shall be visually inspected during
the time that magnetizing force is applied.
f) The position of any defect indications seen shall be identified and marked.
g) Post inspection cleaning shall normally be associated with magnetic particle inspection to remove the
residue of testing.
h) An inspection report shall than be compiled and submitted.
7.7. Viewing conditions
The entire surface under test shall be viewed before proceeding to the next stage in the testing
procedure. If applicable and where viewing is obstructed, the component or equipment shall be moved
to permit adequate viewing of all areas. Care shall be taken to ensure that indications are not
disturbed after magnetization has stopped and before the component has been inspected and
indications recorded.
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The intensity of the visible light at the surface of the part/work piece undergoing examination shall be a
minimum of 100 foot candles (1076 lux).
This intensity shall be measured by a calibrated light meter.

8. DEMAGNETIZATING
When required at the time of enquiry and when residual magnetism in the part could interfere with
subsequent processing or usage, post-test demagnetization shall be carried out in order to achieve
maximum residual field strength value.
A gauss meter may be used to verify the presence of a residual magnetism.

9. CLEANING
After completion of the examination, excess particles remaining on the test piece shall be removed by
solvent wiping or flushing the test surface.
10. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

The inspector must interpret the indications detected during the magnetization of the piece to be controlled.
Only indications which have any dimension greater than 116 in. (1.5 mm) shall be considered relevant:

Linear indication: indication having a length greater than three times its width.
Non-linear indication: indication having a length less than, or equal to three times its width.
All surfaces to be examined shall be free of:
Relevant linear indications.
Relevant rounded indications greater than 316 in.(5 mm).
Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 116 in. (1.5 mm) or less (edge
to edge).

11. DEFECT REMOVAL AND REPAIRS

All unacceptable indications shall be removed. Where welding is required after removal of a defect, the
area shall be cleaned and welding performed in accordance with a corresponding qualified welding
procedure.
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OPERATIOANAL DOCUMENT Code: DO-TEC-118
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12. REPORT
The test report shall contain at minimum the following information with reference to this procedure:
a) Name of the company
b) Project
c) Work location
d) Date of test and report
e) Description and identity of the part tested, area
f) Reference to the written test procedure and the technical references used
g) Stage of test (e.g. before or after heat treatment, machining, repair, etc.)
h) Description of testing equipment used
i) Description of Consumable
j) Magnetization technique data
k) Demagnetization
l) Detection media and contrast aid paint if used
m) Surface condition
n) Viewing conditions
o) Name, qualification and signature of the person performing the tests
The test report shall then contain the test results, including a detailed description of the indications and
a statement as to whether they meet the acceptance criteria.
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OPERATIOANAL DOCUMENT Code: DO-TEC-118
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APPENDIX I
MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION REPORT