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Relativity, Part 2

Physics 106
Concepts and Equations
1. Relativistic Addition of Velocity
v v db
v ab ad
v v Units and Conversions
1 ad 2 db
c
2. Relativistic momentum
mv 1. Electron Volt:
p mv 1 eV 1.6 10 19 J
2
1 v
c2
3. Relativistic Energy 2. Mass of the electron:
mc 2 me 9.11 10 31 kg 5.49 10 4 u
ETotal mc2
2
v
1 2 3. Mass of the proton:
c
m p 1.673 10 271kg 1.007u
KE m c mc 2
2

E Re st mc 2 4. Rest energy of the electron:


4. Connection between relativistic momentum and Energy: Erest 82. 10 14 Jg 0.511MeV

E 2 p 2 c 2 mc 2
2

5. For light: 5. Atomic Mass Unit:


E pc 1 u 931.494MeV / c 2
*Note that the momentum, p, in the above equation is equal to
p E / c hf / c . Photons are massless, so the equation p = mv
does not apply!

QQ How long for a photon to get to Betelgeuse?

27. Spaceship I, which contains students taking a physics exam, approaches Earth with a
speed of 0.60c, while spaceship II, which contains instructors proctoring the exam, moves
away from Earth at 0.28c, as in Figure P26.27. If the instructors in spaceship II stop the
Sample exam after 50 min have passed on their clock, how long does the exam last as measured by
Homework (a) the students? (b) an observer on Earth?
Relativistic
Addition of
Velocities
Calculate the momentum of an electron moving with a speed of
A. 0.010 c
B. 0.1 c
C. 0.5 c
D. 0.9 c

Sample
Problem:
Relativistic
Momentum

Sample
28. A proton moves with a speed of 0.950c. Calculate (a) its rest energy, (b) its total
Problem:
energy, and (c) its kinetic energy.
Relativistic
Energy
29. What is the speed of a particle whose kinetic energy is equal to its own rest energy?

Sample
Problem:

Dont
worry Pair Production and Annihilation.
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