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HowtoGiveEffective
FeedbacktoYourStudents
SueBrookhart
January26,2017
FeedbackthatFeedsForward
Describethe
worksstrengths
andmakeone
suggestionfor
anextstep.
PollQuestion
Howdoyourstudentsreceivemostofyour
feedback?
Orally,inclasswhiletheyareworking
Inwriting,onclassroompracticework
Inwriting,whengradedworkisreturned
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SuccessCriteria
Studentslookfors
Sharableinseveralways
Icanstatements
Rubrics
Checklists
Guidingquestions
Byanalyzingexemplars
FeedbackRequiresaLearningTarget
Whenstudentsareaimingtolearn
something,feedbackhelpsthemwith
learning:
WhereamIgoing?
WhereamInow?
HowcanIclosethegap?
Thefeedbackshouldbebasedonthecriteriaforsuccess
thatarepartofthelearningtarget.
Whenstudentsarejustdoingassignmentstocomplywith
teacherdirections,feedbackbecomesjustmoredirectionsto
follow.
Teacher
Feedback
External
Regulation
Internal Regulation
Student Self-
monitoring
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FeedbackThatFeedsForward
Describestheworksstrengthsfirst.
Makesatleastonesuggestionforanextstep.
Usesdifferentamountsofscaffoldingfor
differentstudentsneeds
Remind studentsofthelearningtarget
Askdetailed,focusedquestions/suggestions
(scaffold)
Provideexamples ofhowtodoit
ReviewsofFeedbackResearch
Havemostlyaddressed Theformativeassessment
characteristicsofthemessage literaturetellsusthatthere
aretwootherimportant
anditstiming.
aspectstoeffectivefeedback.
Kluger&DeNisi(1996) BOTHtheteacherand
Mason&Bruning(2001) studentlearnfromthe
Mory(2004) episode.
Hattie&Timperley(2007) Studentshavean
IMMEDIATEOPPORTUNITY
Shute(2008) TOUSEthefeedback.
VanderKleij,Feskens,&
Eggen(2015)
ThreeViewsofFeedback
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CharacteristicsofEffectiveFeedback
Isitdescriptive?
Isittimely?
Doesitcontaintheright
amountofinformation?
Doesitcomparetheworkto
criteria?
Doesitfocusonthework?
Doesitfocusontheprocess?
Isitpositive?
Isitclear?
Isitspecific(butnottoo
specific)?
Doesitstoneimplythestudent
isanactivelearner?
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CharacteristicsofEffectiveFeedback
Whatdidthestudent
learnfromthefeedback?
Whatdidtheteacher
learnfromthefeedback?
FeedbackExample
Compare&contrastthetwoexamples
Whattheteacherlearned Whatthestudentlearned
High school example
Elementary example
PollQuestion
Inwhichclassdidtheteacherlearnsomething
abouthowthestudentwasthinking?
Ninthgrade,intheconferenceaboutJakes
writing
Fifthgrade,intheconferenceaboutStephens
writing
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CharacteristicsofEffectiveFeedback
Whatnextstep(s)should
theteacherandstudent
taketousethisfeedback
forlearning?
Werethesenextsteps
taken?
Didlearningimprove?
PollQuestion
Whichofthesebestdescribesthewayyoumost
oftengivestudentsopportunitiestouse
feedback?
Iplanclasstimeforrevisingworkbasedon
feedback
Studentsreviseworkathomeiftheywish
Studentsusefeedbackfromoneassignment
thenexttimetheydosimilarwork
5th GradeOralFeedbackExample
WorkonOneAssignment
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WrittenFeedbackExample
Eighth grade pre-Algebra, solving one-step equations.
SomeNotesaboutFeedback
andDifferentiation
FeedbackforDifferentLearners
Successfulandmoderatelysuccessfulstudents
Describetheworkagainstcriteria
Suggestatleastonenextstep
Usereminderorscaffoldprompts
Studentswhostrugglesomewhat
Describetheworkagainstcriteria
Suggestatonenextstep
Usescaffoldorexampleprompts
Studentswhostrugglealot
Describetheworkinselfreferencedterms
Reteach
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Summary
Forfeedbacktofeedlearningforward
StudentsANDteachersneedtouse
assessmentinformation
Theinformationshouldbeabout
UNDERSTANDINGmorethancorrectness
Planfurtherinstructionthatgivesstudents
anopportunitytousethefeedbackRIGHT
AWAY
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Questions?