2016 International Conference on Smart City and Systems Engineering
Research on Key Technologies of Intelligent Agriculture based on Agricultural
Big Data
Fengqi Hao1, Xuan Luo1, Chunhua Mu2
1
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks, Shandong Computer Science Center (National
Supercomputer Center in Jinan), JiNan, China
2
Maize Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, JiNan ,China
(dliangtiantian@163.com;haofq@sdas.org)
Abstract - The intelligent perception nodes for farmland
environment information has the features of low cost and
high efficiency, and with it the data in multiple crop growth
cycle are available. Based on this, this paper, after making
clear the relationship between farmland environmental
factors and crop growth cycle and crop yield, aims at the
establishment of environment-production model and
building the system of crop growth environment perception
and intelligent decision, in order to analyze agricultural data
and give constructive advice about agricultural production,
agricultural layout and agricultural scientific research.
Keywords - intelligent agriculture; big data; crop growth;
comprehensive evaluation
I. INTRODUCTION
Wisdom agriculture is the advanced stage of
agricultural production[1], is a set of emerging Internet,
mobile Internet, cloud computing and networking
technology as a whole, relying on the sensor nodes
deployed in various agricultural production field
(environment temperature and humidity, soil moisture,
carbon dioxide, image) intelligent sensing, intelligent
warning, intelligent decision-making, intelligent analysis,
expert online guide agricultural production environment
and wireless communication network[2], to provide
accurate planting, visual management, intelligent decision
for agricultural production. Generalized agricultural IOT
should also include RFID based two-dimensional code
recognition technology of agricultural products
traceability, sales tracking, storage solutions[3].
Agricultural IOT application will be a large number of
sensor nodes monitoring network, information collected
by various sensors[4], to help farmers to find problems,
and to accurately determine the location of the problem so,
agriculture will gradually from a human centered,
depending on the isolated machinery production mode to
the information and software centric mode of production,
and extensive use of a variety of automated and intelligent
remote control equipment[5-6].
With the emergence of the Internet of things, for the
implementation of precision work process, the collection
of farmland environment information is more accurate
and timely[7-8]. At present, the main methods of
farmland information acquisition are: manual acquisition
of handheld devices, based on GPRS monitoring and
WLAN based monitoring methods, etc. The use of
978-1-5090-5530-2/16 $31.00 2016 IEEE
DOI 10.1109/ICSCSE.2016.104
handheld devices to obtain artificial management,
farmland soil information is the most primitive way, this
way not only requires a lot of manpower, do not have
real-time, and the data is limited, obviously can not meet
the needs of the current monitoring of soil
moisture[9].The monitoring system is mainly composed
of low power wireless sensor network node through the
ZigBee network, to realize the continuous monitoring of
soil moisture. It consists of two main parts: the wireless
network part of the environment and the communication
network of the remote data transmission. Wireless
network selection star network topology; remote data
transmission is realized by Internet, network
communications, wireless networks and Internet using
embedded Internet access technology; soil temperature
and humidity parameters acquisition model complete
collection of environmental parameters monitoring area.
In order to satisfy the precision and real time requirement
of precision agriculture.
II. METHODOLOGY
In this study, the sensor nodes have the function of
end node and routing. On the one hand, the data
acquisition and processing is realized. On the one hand,
data fusion and routing are realized, and the data collected
by itself and the data received by other nodes are
integrated. The sensor network node is composed of a
processor unit, a wireless transmission unit, a sensor unit
and a power supply module unit. The sensor network
node is composed of four parts. The processor unit is the
core of wireless sensor nodes, complete the data
acquisition, processing and transmission together with
other units; wireless communication unit to send and
receive data packets; the sensor module collects
environmental data conversion; energy supply module
support for the node system.
Wireless sensor node network design using Zigbee
protocol, using star topology. The wireless sensor network
monitoring system in the development of successful, in
addition to the soil information monitoring area of
farmland, also can be widely used in the grain reserve
warehouse and Vegetable & Fruit, egg meat storage
warehouse temperature and humidity control; temperature
and humidity control plant environment; such as
temperature, humidity control laboratory environment.
The ZigBee sensor consists of air temperature and
humidity sensor, ZigBee soil temperature and humidity
sensor, PH sensor, ZigBee ZigBee soil of
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photosynthetically active radiation sensors, ZigBeeCO2 temperature, soil humidity, illumination intensity,
sensors, UHF RFID reader, Wifi camera. The sensor data concentrations of carbon dioxide, and bacteria breeding
acquisition ZigBee conversion by the WiFi-ZigBee situation. Output dimensions are one-dimensional. The
gateway to Wifi signal access network information forewarning evaluation system is two-layered: primary
platform, the UHF RFID reader through the Wifi server indicators are four indicators, corresponding to the second
access equipment equipment networking information row of the table below.The corresponding secondary
platform; all sensors for effects of air temperature and indicators are soil temperature, soil humidity, bacteria
humidity, soil moisture, soil pH, photosynthetically active breeding conditions, photosynthesis intensity and so on..
radiation and CO2 concentration on the environmental
data of crop growth the acquisition of agricultural Warning Rating Model of Crop Growth
greenhouse and image import agricultural greenhouse and
crop growth field personnel and supplies information
through networking information uploaded to the Internet
platform server platform.
IOT wisdom agriculture laboratory is building a Illuminatio Carbon
Temperatu Humidity
WiFi wireless LAN networking information platform in re n Intensity Dioxide
optical wireless switch as the core, covering the
laboratory and its surrounding area; cable network Fig. 1. Affected factors of crop growth situation
switches, and laboratory network router, so as to establish
the integration of wired network and wireless LAN The physical and chemical indicators are substituted
networking - a key part of the network layer, and a variety into the crop growth situation based on fuzzy
of sensors, embedded greenhouse equipment through the comprehensive evaluation, to establish rating warning
WiFi-ZigBee gateway, WiFi server equipment (serial model. Using the above method of solving judgment
communication RS232 or RS485 to WiFi wireless matrix can calculate the weight of forewarning rating
network) wireless networking engineering information model as figure2, and the judgment matrix is shown in
platform, which covers three levels of IOT (application Table 1 below:
layer, network layer, sensing layer) of a unified
networking smart agricultural experiment platform. At the
Warning
same time, various other built-in WiFi module of
handheld devices (such as mobile phone, notebook Rating( )
computer) can access the platform, things become a part
of experimental equipment; through the connection with
the WiFi server equipment standard, can easily access the
experimental platform, complete the test and verification.
Light load wireless switch installed in the intelligent Temperature Humidity Illuminatio Carbon
agricultural Laboratory of the Internet of things inside the n Intensity Dioxid
console inside, and the original wired network connection,
access to the Institute of computer network. Optical
switches with built-in 2 WiFi wireless access point (AP)
(all network protocol processing, baseband data Fig.2.Judgment matrix of evaluation model establishment of
processing, RF signal processing are concentrated in the A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 with respect to G
ROF exchange), through the single-mode fiber link WiFi
TABLE I
RF signal distribution to the Networking Laboratory, JUDGMENT MATRIX
install the 2 remote radio unit in the laboratory, the
completion of WiFi wireless coverage the laboratory, G A1 A2 A3 A4
experimental equipment and the unity of all kinds of WiFi
A1 1 0 0 0
terminal access WiFi wireless LAN, constitute the overall
networking platform. A2 2 1 0 0
Crop growth situation is complex, affected by many A3 2 2 1 0
factors like air temperature, humidity, nutrition conditions, 2 2 2 1
A4
bacteria quantity and physiological conditions. Different
environmental conditions can cause different results,
temperature sensor and humidity sensor in the hardware Solving the matrix establishment of A1 , A2 , A3 , A4
system of the Internet of Things are applied to collect data, with respect to G , the steps are shown below:
and warning rating model of crop growth situation is
established through constructing integrated impact-factor It can be obtained from the table that rmax  8 ,
model. Through sorting and classifying the data of sensor, rmin  1 , and bm  6 , and the indirect judgment matrix
dimension indicators of growth data of 1000 groups are
of the model is:
obtained, which are temperature, humidity, soil

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596
  1 3 3 1  The fuzzy mapping ( f ) from the set of factors to the
 8 13 6 rating set can be obtained:
8 1 3 3 
f : U  F (U )
A 3 8 13
13 3 8 3 3  (6)
1
8 ui f (ui )  (r i1 , ri 2 , , rim )  F (V )
 
6 13 8 1  The fuzzy relationship R f  F (U V ) can be
 3 3 
It can be known from the Tab.2 that the maximum found in the fuzzy mapping ( f ), thus:
eigenvalue is max  6.7356 , and its weight vector is R f (ui , v j )  f (ui )(v j )  rij (i  1,2, , n; j  1,2, , m) (7)
w  (0.1427, 0.2831, 0.3579, 0.4959)T .Since n

max  6.7356
6 , the consistency test conducted is a
i 1
i  1 ai  0 (8)

Conversion of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The

max  n
CI  (1) conversion function of each factor can be established.
n 1 According to the evaluation level of factors
CI ( u1 , u2  un ), the membership function can be
CI  0.01588, RI  0.7, CR   0.0227  0.10,
RI established as follows.
indicating that Table 4 can pass consistency test, so the  ui  k1
results obtained of A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 with respect to G is  0.5(1  u  k ), ui  k1
 i 2

0.286, 0.262, 0.252, 0.236

T
. The results are shown as  k u
uv1 (u1 )   0.5(1  1 i ), k2  ui  k1
follows.
 k1  k2
 0 , ui  k2
TABLE II
EVALUATION WEIGHTING COEFFICIENT VECTOR


Temperature Humidity Illumination Carbon Dioxide
 ui  k1
 0.5(1  u  k ), ui  k1
0.286 0.262 0.252 0.236

 i 2
During model establishment, the set of factors should  k1  ui
be confirmed first. 0.5(1  ), k2  ui  k1
U  {u1 , u2 , , un }  k1  k2
(2) uv 2 (u1 )  
The evaluation set of intensive land use can be  0.5(1  ui  k3 ), k  u  k
obtained:  k 2  k3
3 i 2


U1  u11 , u12 , u13 , u14   0.5(1  k3  ui ), ui  k3

U 2  u21 , u22 , u23 , u24 , u25   k2  ui

U 3  u31 , u32 , u33  


U 4  u41 , u42 , u43   0, ui  k2

U 5  u51 , u52 , u53   k u

uv1 (u1 )  0.5(1  1 i ), k3  ui  k2
Confirm the rating set:  k 2  k3
V  {v1 , v2 , , vm } (3)  k u
 0.5(1  3 i ), ui  k3
Confirm the fuzzy evaluation matrix, R  (rij )nm :  k2  ui
 r11 r12 r11nn  Comprehensive rating: as for the weight -
r r r22nn  A  (a1 , a2 , , an )  F (U ) , based on the model
R   21 22 (4)
( M (, ) ), the comprehensive rating can be obtained
 
  through maximum-minimum compositional operation:
 rm1 rm 2 rmmn 
n
In which, each factor ( ui ) is rated as B  A R ( b j  (ai  rij ), j  1, 2, , m) (9)
i 1
f (ui )(i  1, 2, , n) (5)

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 III. RESULTS
Through sorting and classifying the data of sensor,
dimension indicators of growth data of 1000 groups are
obtained and researched,And through the comprehensive
evaluation of multi-factors affecting agricultural
production, combined with the data records and subjective
evaluation, the specific reference factors. Classification
and visualization of the agricultural production and
utilization data is shown in Figure 3.
 [5] Duan Yan-e, Design of intelligent agriculture management
Fig. 3. The original diagram of 3D factor data
The original distribution of the data and the nearest
neighbor estimation can be obtained, see Figure 4.
Fig. 4. The original statistical distribution and nearest neighbor
estimation
IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we designed a wireless sensor network
system, which is a wireless sensor network system, which
is a part of the wireless network in the field of farmland
environment and the communication network of the
remote data transmission. Study on the multiple factors
environmental factors change, through the fuzzy
comprehensive evaluation model of comprehensive
effects of environmental factors on crop yield, to further
changes in environmental factors caused by different
regions, regional crop varieties are planting suggestions,
optimize the layout of agriculture.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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This research was financially supported by Science
and Technology Planning Project of Shandong Province,
China (2015GGX101016, 2015GNC113001).
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