PARTICLE SIZE EFFECT IN ADSORPTION

OPTIONAL G7: VELAN THRUMARAN 177163

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PREMKUMAR NATHAN 177748

ECH 3903 MATERIAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA

Introduction Objectives Hypothesis Importing Photographs Conclusion

The smaller the size of particles, the better the adsorbent it will be to remove the dye colouring from liquid. Adsorption process using coconut wastes such as
The Particle Size Analyzer is a device that is able to dsaadadadad on grated coconut and old coconut husks as
measure the smallest particle ranging from milimetre (Figure 9)
this template is at half the size of the final poster. For example, if adsorbent is the best method to adsorb heavy
till nanometre. This experiment uses the laser Results
you choose a 21 point font for this poster, the actual printed size and Discussion metals in a contaminated water. The
diffraction method to determine the size distribution will. appear as
Adsorption is 42thepoints.
adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to a surface. This process creates a D(v,0.1),D(v,0.5) and D(v,0.9) values for grated
of the particle. This distribution is often known as the film of the adsorbate
Graph ofon the surface
Volume of the adsorbent.
In%(Cumulative) Versus According
Particle to theory, coconut wastes such as grated coconut and old coconut were 39.811 ,158.489 and 549.541
scattering pattern of the particle. The Mie Scattering coconut husks have the potential to adsorb
Size(Grated heavy metals in a contaminated water. TheGraph
Cocunut) theoryofalso
Volume
statesIn%(Cumulative)
that the smallerVersusthe respectively while the D(v,0.1),D(v,0.5) and
Theory is the theory that transforms the scattered When the only source ofParticle a neededsize(Old
photo orCoconut
graphic isHusks)
the Web,
size of110the coconut waste particles the better it adsorbs heavy metals in a contaminated water. In this experiment, two coconut D(v,0.9) values for old coconut husks were
light data from the particles into the particle size scaling has to be applied with caution. Scaling an image more
wastes100samples which are grated coconut and old coconut husks were dried overnight and blended into powder form to be 7.586 ,26.303 and 79.433 respectively.

Voulme In%(cumulative)
110
information. 90 than three100 times its original size may introduce pixelization

Volume In%(Cumulative)
added 80 into distilled water. The samples were then analysed in the particle size analyser 90 with constant pump effect of 2000rpm to The old coconut husks was chosen as the best
70 artifacts. Refer
80 to figure 10 as an example. A simple way to adsorbent to adsorb heavy metals in a
identify60the particles size of the samples. The data obtained was then analysed and interpreted to produce two graphs for each
Theoritically, the effectiveness of the adsorption preview the 70printing quality of an image is to zoom in at 100% or
contaminated water because most of the particles
sample50 which are shown in Figure 1,2 3 Feed andFlow
4 below.
Rate, F (%) 30 50
60 70
depends on the size of the molecule whereby, the 40 200%, depending
50 on the final size of the poster. What youll see
30 Figure 4 41.86 85.67
40 146 are smaller in size compared to grated coconut in
smaller the particle, the better adsorbent it will be 20 is likely what
46.6 30 youll 3.0
57.3 get at printing time. accordance to the theory.
10 20
in terms of removing unwanted substances. 0 3.12 5.52
10 9.24
Adsorption is the adhesion of the atoms,ions or
-10 0 Changing
2000 the posters
4000 column
6000 layout
8000 10000 12000
0.15
0
0.108 0.15
Particle size(um) -10 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 90001000011000 Post Experiment tests
molecules from gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a 0.046 0.016 Particle size(um)
surface. This process creates adsorbate on the Depending on how you layout your poster, you Capacity
may want to
(kg/hr) 0.15 0.108 0.15
change the column layout configuration. After the size of particles of both old coconut
surface of adsorbent. Every particle of the Figure 2: Graph of Vol included
In % (Cumulative) 789.49 1557.74 25003
For your convenience, we have alternate master versus Particle size Figure 2:Graph of Vol In%(cumulative)
husk and grinded coconut powder was
adsorbent functions to attract the unwanted Evaporative heat load, qe kJ/hr) 249.71 2
layouts. To select for grated
a different layoutcoconut
go to FORMAT>SLIDE Figure 10: Original image atVersus
100%, enlargedParticle
200% and 400%. Size
molecules as adsorbate onto its surface. determined, the hypothesis was determine to be
DESIGN (Figure 5). The slide design pane will open. From there
you can select an alternate layout (Figure 6).
genuine or not. For the preparation, 2 conical
Importing Tables & Graphs
Objectives flask were prepared together with 2 filter funnel
Median Standard
Pump Importing tables, charts and graphs is easier than importing D(v,0.9) respectively. The filter funnel were filled with
Mode() () deviation() D(v,0.5)
In this experiment, the main objectives are as follow: photos. To import charts and graphs)
from Excel, filter paper.
Sample speed(rpm) D(v,0.1) ()Word or other ()
To determine the size of old coconut husk and applications, go to EDIT>COPY, copy your chart and come back
grinded coconut using Particle Size Analyser. to PowerPoint. Go to EDIT>PASTE and paste the chart on the For the sample preparation, 500 ml of water was
To compare the size of the both coconut husk and poster. You can scale your charts and tables proportionally by
grated coconut powder and determine which is the filled with 5 drops of methylene blue dye to make
Thus, the sensible
Figure
Grated Coconut
5 heat load is
2000 reduced.
Figure 6
158.489 holding down
10.741 the Shift key and dragging
1891.377 39.811 in or out158.489
one of the 549.541
better adsorbent of dye in water. In most evaporation cases, the desired product is the concentratedcorners.
solution. Hence, evaporator can be said to be more it a concentrated dye solution. The both filter
efficientCustomizing
when feed the
flowtemplate color schemes
rate is decreased. TABLE ONE 80
funnel were filled with 2 spatula of old coconut
Methodology
90

1998 1999 2000

70

60
husk powder and grinded coconut powder
In the preparation of the samples, the fresh grinded Old Coconut
For those Husks
who wish 2000 their poster 30.200
to further personalize 10.741 2001 1891.3772002 7.586
2003 26.303 79.433 50

40
E a st
W est
N or t h

respectively. The the methylene blue solution was

The effect of steam pressure on the rate of evaporation at constant feed flow and at atmospheric pressure.
20
30

coconut and old coconut husk were blended Feed ratewe=have

presentation, 50% included
(85.67a number
ml/min)of printer-tested
2004 2005 2006 10

1 st Q t r 2nd Q t r 3r d Q t r 4t h Q t r
poured in the filter funnel and the observations
separately using blender. After blended, the powder were recorded.
alternative color schemes for this poster template.
was filtered using micron sieve to remove any Steam pressure (bar) 0.60 0.80 1.00
If you want to change the default colors and use your own color
SLIDEor molecules from a gas, Labeling your headers
unblended materials and other impurities in the Height at which boiling occurs, m (cm) 70.0 61.5 54.2
scheme, go to FORMAT>SLIDE
-Adsorption is the adhesion DESIGNof(Figure
atoms, 7). The
ions, liquid, or dissolved solid to In a nutshell, the hypothesis was proven as the
powder. Then, the Mastrsizer- Hydro 2000 MU unit Mass flow rate of concentrate, c (kg/hr) 4.98 5.10 5.28
DESIGN pane will open. Select COLOR SCHEMES (Figure 8). old coconut husk powder which had the smaller
was switched on and was left for some time to run aThere,
surfaces.
you can This process
try different creates untila you
Mass flow
color schemes film
rate of of
thethe
one d
finddistillate, adsorbate
(kg/hr) on0.036
The theheaders
blue surface of
usedthe
0.108 are0.114 adsorbent.
to identify and separate the main
with deionized water as content for cleaning purpose. Percentage of feed evaporated (%) topics of your presentation. The most commonly used headers in
0.007 0.016 0.021 particle size is indeed a better adsorber of dye in
you like.
Then , the unit was set at pump speed of 2000 rpm Capacity (kg/hr) poster
0.036presentations
0.108 are:
0.114 liquids as itt removes the dye in methylene blue
and the start button was pressed and the procedure
-According to theory, coconut Sensible
wastes such as grated coconut
heat load, qse (kJ/hr)
and old coconut husks have the potential to
1100.09 1497.58 1602.86
solution almost completely and the grained
was followed. Slowly, the grinded coconut powder adsorb heavy metals in a contaminated
Evaporative heatwater. The theory
load, qe (kJ/hr) also states
13.8726 249.71 that
263.58 the smaller the size of the
Introduction, Summary coconut powder did not remove the dye in the
was added untill a good laser obstruction value was coconut waste particles the better it adsorbs
Total heat load, qse + qeheavy
(kJ/hr) metals in a 1747.29
1113.96 contaminated
1866.44
or Abstract water Conclusion solution as the solution remained blue.
obtained . The data was recorded and the process
When the steam pressure is increased, it is observed that all the parameters are also increased.
was repeated using the old coconut husk powder.
Materials and Methods Literature Cited
-The D(v,0.1),D(v,0.5) and D(v,0.9) values for grated coconut were 39.811 ,158.489The
When higher pressure, saturated steam is used, and the feed entered at constant room temperature. logandmean
549.541 Figure 2 shows the final product of the adsorbent
Figure 1 shows Mastersizer Hydro 2000 MU unit
temperature
Figure 7 difference between the condensing steam and feed is increased. The temperature Acknowledgements
Results difference is the test
lowered,
respectively
thats meanwhile Figure 8
the D(v,0.1),D(v,0.5)
the surface andThus,
area would decrease. D(v,0.9) values
the overall heatfor old coconut
transfer coefficienthusks
wouldwere 7.586
increase.
,26.303 and 79.433 respectively

- This proves that most of the particles in the old coconut husks smaller in size compared to grated
coconut particles and can be the best adsorbent for the adsorption of heavy metals in a contaminated
water as well as in accordance with the theory
TEMPLATE DESIGN 2008

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