NECTA MATHS 2011 Answers 1491212817278

THE
UNITED REPUBRIC OF TANZANIA

NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
EXAMINATION
BASIC MATHEMATICS MARKING SCHEME 2011
1. (a) (i) 0.05473 = 0.0547 (to three significant figures)
(ll) 0.05473 = 0.055 (to three significant figures)
(iii) 0.05473 = 5.473 x 10!!
!.!!"# ! !.!" !!.! !" ! !"!! ! !"# ! !"!! ! !" ! !"!!
(b) !.!" ! !.!"#
= !"# ! !"!! ! !" ! !"!!

(!" ! !"# ! !") ! (!"!! ! !"!! ! !"!! )
= !"# ! !" ! (!"!! ! !"!! )

(!" ! !"# ! !") ! !"!!
= !"# ! !" ! !"!!

!"#"$%
= !"#$% x 10!! x 10!
!"
= ! 10!!
!"
= !""
!
= !"
2. (a) log ! 5 - log ! ( + 2) - log ! 3 = 0
!!
log ! ( !!! !
) = 0 (by using the law of quotient)
But log ! = is equal to ! = b
!!
Therefore 4! = !!!!
!!
1 = !!!!, since 4! = 0
3x + 6 = 5x
6 = 5x 3x
6 = 2x
X = 3
!! !
(b) !!!
, Rationalizing factor = 5 2
!! ! !! ! !"! !! !"! !
!!!
!! !
= !"! !"! !"! !

!"! !! !"!!
= !!!

!"! !! !"!!
= !

!! ! !"! !! !"!!
Therefore !!! = !

3. (a) Let x be the number of expensive sweat and be the number of cheap
sweats.
x + y = 500 (i)
8x = 5y + 100
8x 5y = 100 . (ii)
Solving equation (i) and (ii) simultaneously

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5 x + 5y = 2500
+ 8x 5y = 100

13x = 2600
x = 200
Substituting x into equation (i)
200 + y = 500
Y = 500 200
y = 300
The number of expensive sweats = 200 and number of cheaper sweat
= 300.
(b) Let A be set for houses which kept farms and B be set for houses
which kept garden
n(AuB) = n(A) + n(B) n(AnB)
240 = 79 + 180 n(AnB)
n(AnB) = 259 240
n(AnB) = 19
19 houses kept both
4. (a) Let (x, y) be the midpoint between (2, 13) and (4, 7)
!!!!! !!!!!
Midpoint (x, y) = ( !
,
!
)
!!! !"!!
= ( ! , ! )
= (3, 10)
Midpoint (x, y) = (3, 10).
The required distance is from (-3,-2) and (3, 10). Therefore by using
the distance formula
d = ((2 1)! + (2 1)! )
d = ((3 (3))! + (10 (2))! )
d = (6! + 12! )
d = 36 + 144
d = 180
d = 6 5
The distance is 6 5 units.
(b)(i) Given x = 3i + 2j, y = 5i 3j and z = 4i 2j
r = x + y + z
= (3i + 2j) + (5i - 3j) + (4i 2j)
= 12i - 3j
Direction of r: let be the direction of r,
! !
tan = ! , therefore = tan!! !
!
= tan!! !"
= tan!! ( 0.25)
= 14!
But the point (12, -3) is in fourth quadrant
= 360 (Forth quadrant)
= 3600 140
= 3460
(ii)


5. (a) Given ABCD is square
AR = BR
Required to prove =
= (Right angles)
AR = BR (Given)
AD = BC (Sides of a square)
Therefore (SAS)
DR = CR (Corresponding sides of congruent triangles)
R is the midpoint of DC (Proved as required)
(b) For nonagon n = 9.
!!! !"#
Size of interior angle of regular polygon = !
!!! !"#
Size of interior angle of nonagon = !

! ! !"#
= !
= 1400
Therefore size of interior angle is 1400
6. Let n be number of squares tiles and l be the length of one of its side.
!
n = !! . (1)
When n = 2016, l = 0.4m
!
2016 = !.!!
K = 2016 x 0.4!
k = 322.56.
When l = 0.3, n will be,
!"".!"
n = !.!!
!"".!"
n = !.!"
n = 3584
!"#$% !
7. (a)(i) !!!"#$%& = !

!"### !
!!!"#$%& = !
!"### ! !
Children = !
= 18000
There are 18000 children living in Mkuza village.
!"# !
(ii) !"#$% = !
!"# !
!!""" = !
!
Men = ! x 42000
Men = 36000.
Total number of people in Mkuza = women + Men + Children
= 42000 + 36000 + 18000
= 96000.
(b) let the number of women in Mkuza 10 years ago be y.
y + 20%y = 42000
!"!
y + !"" = 42000
y + 0.2y = 42000
1.2y = 42000
!"###
Y = !.!
y = 35000
There were 35000 Women 10 years ago.
8. (a) Given A1 = 3 and A3 = 13
From the formula,
An = A1 + (n - 1)d
A3 = A1 + (3 - !)d, for A3, n = 3
13 = 3 + 2d
13 3 = 2d
10 = 2d
d = 5
Then, A2 = A1 + (2 1)d the same for A2, n = 2
A2 = 3 + 1 x 5
A2 = 3 + 5
A2 = 8
A4 = A1 + (4 1)5 for A4, n = 4
A4 = 3 + 3 x 5
A4 = 3 + 15
A4 = 18
Sum of the first n term of an AP is given by
!
Sn = ! (A1 + (n 1)d)
!"
S10 = ! (2 x 3 + (10 1)5)
S10 = 5(6 + 9 x 5)
S10 = 5 x ( 6 + 45)
S10 = 5 x 51
S 10 = 255
(b) Given r = 2, S5 = 155, n =5 and G1 =?
But the sum of first n term of GP is given by
! ! !!
Sn = G1 !!! when r > 1

!! !!
155 = G1 !!!
!"!!
155 = G1 ! )
155 = 31G1
!""
G1 = !"
G1 = 5
Therefore Gn is given as
Gn = G1 !!!
Gn = 5 x 2!!!
!!
Gn = 5 x !
!
Gn = !(2! )
!""!#$%& !"#$
9. (a) sin = !!"#$%&'(%
!"
sin 30! =!",!!!!
TX = 10,000 x sin 30!
TX = 10,000 x 0.5
TX = 5,000m
!"#$%&'( !"#$
(b) cos = !!"#$%&'(% !"#$
!"
cos 30! = !",!!!
AX =10,000 x cos 30!
AX = 10,000 X 0.8660
AX = 8660m
AB + BX = AX
4000 + BX = 8660
Bx = 8660 4000
BX = 4660m
Consider
(TB)2= (TX)2 + (BX)2
= 50002 + 46602
= 250000000 + 21715600
= 46715600
TB = 46715600
TB = 6834.88m
Let the angle of elevation of T from B be
!""!#$%& !"#$
tan = !"#!$%&' !"#$
!"""!
tan = !""#
tan = 1.0730.
= tan!! 1.0730
= 47!
The angle of elevation of the target T from B is 47! .
10. (a) 8x2 -34x + 21 = 0
8x2 6x 28x + 21 = 0
2x (4x 3) 7(4x 3) = 0
(2x 7)(4x 3) = 0
Either 2x 7 = 0 or 4x 3 = 0

2x = 7 or 4x = 3
! !
X = ! or !
! ! !
(b) !!! - ! ! !! =!
! ! !
!!! -(!!!)(!!!) = !
!!! !! !
(!!!)(!!!) = !
4(x 2)(x + 2) = 5(x + 1)
4(x2 + 2x 2x 4) = 5x + 5
4(x2 4) = 5x + 5
4x2 16 = 5x + 5
4x2 5x 16 5 = 0
4x2 5x 21 = 0
By splitting the middle term,
4x2 12x + 7x 21 = 0
4x(x 3) + 7(x 3) = 0
(4x + 7)(x 3) = 0
Either 4x +7 = 0 or x 3 = 0
!
x = -! or x = 3
11. Let x be the number of kg of food A and y be the number of kg of food B
Subject to the constraints:
8x + 12y 32
10x + 6y 22
x 0
x 0
To minimize: f(x, y) = 400x + 500y
To draw the graph the inequality signs are replaced by equal signs but the
inequalities are considered during shading unwanted region.
8x + 12y = 32 can be simplified to 2x + 3y = 8 then, x intercept = 4 and y
intercept = 2.67
10x + 6y = 22 can be simplified to 5x + 3y = 11 then, x intercept = 2.2 and
y intercept = 3.67


The corner points are A(0, 3.7), B(1, 2) and C(4, 0)
Objective function at corner points
Corner Objective function: f(x, y) = 400x +
point 500y
A(0, 3.7) 400(0) + 500(3.7) = 1850
B(1, 2) 400(1) + 500(2) = 1400
C(4, 0) 400(4) + 500(0) = 1600
The cheapest way of satisfying the daily requirements is to buy 1kg of
food A and 2kg of food B.
12. (a) The modal class is 30 40.
!"!!"
The midpoint of modal class = ! = 35
Therefore the assumed mean (A) = 35 and mean deviation be represented
by d
scores Midpoint (x) Frequency (f) d = x - A fd
0 10 5 5 -30 -150
10 20 15 7 -20 -140
20 30 25 15 -10 -150
30 40 35 25 0 0
40 - 50 45 8 10 80
60 = -360

Mean from the assumed mean is given by,
!"
= A + !
!!"#
= 35 + !"
= 35 6
= 29
29.

!
!!"
(b) Median = L + !
!"
i
Median class is 30 40
L = 30 0.5 = 29.5, nb =15 +7 + 5 = 27, nw = 25, i = 10 and N = 60
!"
!!"
Median = 29.5 + !
!"
10
!" !!"
Median = 29.5 + !"
10
! ! !"
Median = 29.5 + !"

!"
Median = 29.5 + !"
Median =29.5 + 1.2
Median = 30.7
(c) Range = Highest frequency lowest frequency
Range = 45 5 = 40.
Therefore range is 40.
13. (a) Consider

Let <VAD =
From cosine rule
(VD)2 = (AV)2 + (AD)2 2(AV)(AD)cos
62 = 62 + 22 2 x 6 x 2 x cos
36 = 36 + 4 - 24cos
36 40 = - 24cos
4 = 24cos
!
cos = !"
cos = 0.1667
= cos !! 0.1667
= 80.40
Therefore <VAD = 80.40
(b) Consider


By Pythagoras theorem
(AC) 2 = (AB)2 + (BC)2
(AC) 2 = 32 + 22
(AC) 2 = 9 + 4
(AC) 2 = 13
AC = 13
AC = 3.61 cm
!" !.!"
(c) Consider but AO = ! = ! = 1.81 cm.

Let be angle between VA and the plane ABCD.
!"#$%&'( !"#$
cos = !"#$%&'()& !"#$
!.!" !"
cos = ! !"
cos = 0.3017
= cos !! 0.3017
= 70.440
The angle between VA and the plane ABCD is 72.440

14. DR P&L ACCOUNT FOR YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER 2007
DR
Date Details Amount Date Details Amount

Purchases 110,000 Sales 104,000
Gross loss 6,000
110,000 110,000

DR TRADING ACCOUNT FOR YEAR ENDED 31st DECEMBER
2007 DR
Date Details Amount Date Details Amount
Gross loss 6,000 Net loss 15,000
Water bills 3,000
Advertising 2,000
Telephone bills 1,000
Salaries 3,000
15,000

BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31st DECEMBER 2007
LIABILITIES ASSETS
Capital 200,000 Cash 185,000
Less net loss 15,000
185,000 185,000

15. (a) Let (x, y) = (1, 2) reflected on the line x + y = 0. Making y subject of the
equation it yield y = -x.
Line y = -x subtends angle = 1350 with positive x-axis.
The image (x, y) of the point (x, y) after reflection through angle is
given by,
cos2 sin2
=
sin 2 cos 2
cos 2135 sin 2135 1
=
sin 2135 cos 2235 2
cos 270 sin 270 1
=
sin 270 cos 270 2
0 1 1
=
1 0 2
2
=
1
(b) Let M be enlargement matrix
0
M =
0
0
=
0
18 0 3
=
24 0 4
18 3
=
24 4
By comparing the two matrices
18 = -3k and -24 = 4k
K = -6 and k = -6
Therefore k = -6

6 0
Enlargement matrix is
0 6
2 4 1 0
(c)(i) Given A = and I =
3 1 0 1
2 4 1 0
A kI = - k
3 1 0 1
2 4 0
= -
3 1 0
2 4
=
3 1
2 4
A kI =
3 1
(ii) k2 3k 10 = 0
k2 5k + 2k 10 = 0
k(k 5) + 2(k -5) = 0
(k + 2)(k 5) = 0
Either k = -2 or 5
When k = -2
2 (2) 4
A kI =
3 1 (2)
4 4
A kI =
3 3
A kI = (4 x 3) (3 x 4)
A kI = 12 12
A kI = 0
When k = 5
25 4
A kI =
3 15
3 4
A kI =
3 4
A kI = (-3 x -4) (3 x 4)
A kI = 12 12
A kI = 0
Therefore A kI has no inverse for k = -2 or k = 5 since it has
zero magnitude. Shown
as required
16. (a) The table of value for the function f(x) = ! 3 + 2 from -2 to 5 is
drawn below,

x -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
f(x) 12 6 2 0 0 2 6 12
The plotted graph is here under


f(x) = x^2-3x+2
14
12
10
y = 6
6 f(x) = x^2-3x+2
0
-4 -2 0 2 4 6
-2

! !
(b) From the graph, the minimum value of y = ! when x = 1 !
(c) Subtracting ! 3 4 = 0 from f(x) = ! 3 + 2 such as:
f(x) = ! 3 + 2
0 = ! 3 4 -
f(x) = 6.
Drawing the graph of f(x) = 6 on the same axis as the graph of f(x) =
! 3 + 2, a straight
line graph of f(x) = 6 crosses the curve of f(x) = ! 3 + 2 at x = -1
and at x = 4 which of
the solution of f(x) = ! 3 4.
(d) The solution of ! 3 + 2 > 0 is obtained by choosing any point
inside the curve and any
point inside the curve.
Substituting (2, 4) taken inside the curve into ! 3 + 2 > 0, we
get 0 > 0 the condition
which does not satisfy the equation and substituting (0, 0) taken
outside the curve into ! 3 + 2 > 0, we get 2 > 0 .the condition
which satisfy the equation. Hence the
solution for ! 3 + 2 > 0 is obtained outside the curve, therefore
x < 1 or x > 2.


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