Cold War

1. In the years after World War II, a major result of United 4. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
States foreign policy was that the United States cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.

He's nally getting the hang of it.

A. became a superpower with a temporary monopoly on
atomic weapons

B. acquired a number of colonies in Africa

C. declined to become involved with the United Nations

D. refused to help its former allies rebuild their economies

2. The United States began a trade embargo against Cuba in

the 1960s to

A. encourage political change in Cuba

B. promote domestic industries in Cuba

C. motivate Cubans to immigrate to the United States

D. end the domination of the banana industry by Cuba

Source: Dorman Smith, Phoenix Gazette, 1949 (adapted)

3. The Truman Doctrine and the Berlin Airlift were examples
of the United States foreign policy of
The United States undertook the action shown in the
cartoon primarily to
A. colonialism B. detente

C. nonalignment D. containment A. keep the Soviet Union from developing atomic

weapons

B. prevent Adolf Hitler from returning to power in Germany

C. stop the spread of communism in Western Europe

D. force Soviet satellite countries to break away from

Soviet control

5. The speakers below are discussing foreign policies that the

United States has followed at various times. Base your
answer(s) to the following question(s) on their statements
and on your knowledge of social studies.

Speaker A: Steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign
world.
Speaker B: The United States will give economic aid to needy countries
anywhere in the world, but will not provide military aid.
Speaker C: The United States must prevent the growth of communism.
Speaker D: The United States can take over other countries to help them
become more like us.

The Korean con ict and the Vietnam con ict were attempts
to carry out the foreign policy described by speaker

A. A B. B C. C D. D

page 1
6. The United States created the Marshall Plan (1947) as a 11. Throughout the Cold War, most United States foreign policy
program to was based on the belief that the United States had the
responsibility to
A. develop an atomic bomb
A. avoid foreign entanglements
B. increase civil defense during the Cold War
B. prevent the spread of communism
C. provide economic aid to war-damaged Europe
C. support worldwide revolutions
D. deliver weapons to Nationalist China
D. provide economic aid to the nations of the Warsaw
Pact
7. The main e ect of the Marshall Plan, enacted after World
War II, was to
12. The domino theory, popular in the 1950's and 1960's,
assumed the expansion of
A. force the United States and the Soviet Union to
become allies
A. South African apartheid into African nations
B. encourage overseas colonies to seek their
independence B. totalitarianism throughout Latin America

C. create increasingly restrictive immigration policies C. communism into Southeast Asia

D. improve the economies of Western European nations D. Soviet in uence into China

8. In the period following World War II, the United States 13. The Marshall Plan (19481952) was a United States e ort
developed a policy of containment mainly in response to to assist the nations of Europe by
the

A. forming a strong military alliance

A. perceived threat of Soviet expansion
B. providing economic aid
B. building of the Berlin Wall
C. sending United States troops to trouble spots
C. partition of Palestine
D. continuing Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union
D. spread of nuclear weapons

9. In the years just after World War II, the United States
attempted to prevent the spread of communism in Europe
mainly by

A. taking over the governments of several Western

European nations

B. increasing opportunities for political refugees to settle

in the United States
C. holding a series of summit meetings with leaders of
the Soviet Union
D. establishing policies of economic and military aid for
European nations

10. The Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine were

United States foreign policies concerning

A. the international balance of payments

B. the containment of communism

C. worldwide environmental pollution

D. nuclear disarmament

page 2 Cold War

14. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 17. Document 3
quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies.
The Most Important Problem Facing
. . . We dare not forget today that we are the heirs
the United States 19531962
of that rst revolution. Let the word go forth from
this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the 1953 Korean War
torch has been passed to a new generation of 1954 Threat of war
Americansborn in this century, tempered by war,
disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our 1955 Working out a peace
ancient heritageand unwilling to witness or permit 1956 Threat of war
the slow undoing of those human rights to which this 1957 Keeping out of war
nation has always been committed, and to which we
are committed today at home and around the world. . . 1958 Economic conditions
1959 Keeping peace
To those people in the huts and villages of half
the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass 1960 Relations with the Soviet Union
misery, we pledge our best e orts to help them help 1961 Prices and in ation
themselves, for whatever period is requirednot 1962 War, peace, and international tensions
because the communists may be doing it, not because
we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free
society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot Source: The Gallup Poll of Public Opinion, Vols. 2 and 3,
Random House (adapted)
save the few who are rich. . .
According to these Gallup Poll results, what was the
President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, dominant problem in the United States between 1953 and
January 20, 1961 1962?
Which foreign policy action by President Kennedy was
intended to relieve the human su ering described in this
quotation? 18. In the years immediately following World War II, United
States foreign policy was primarily focused on

A. creating the Peace Corps

A. securing peace in the Middle East
B. authorizing a naval blockade of Cuba
B. containing the spread of communism
C. meeting with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev in
Vienna C. sending volunteers to developing countries

D. negotiating the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty D. maintaining neutrality in world con icts

15. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan represented 19. Which is the chief reason the United States Government
attempts by the United States to deal with the has often supported dictatorships in economically less
developed nations since World War II?

A. national debt
A. The Soviet Union supplied these dictators with modern
B. spread of communism weapons.

C. President's political opposition B. The dictators were chosen by the people in free and
open elections.
D. arms race
C. Many dictatorships have been strongly anti-communist.

D. The United States has depended on the manufactured

16. . . . Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill,
goods exported by these nations.
that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any
hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the
survival and the success of liberty. . . .
20. From the end of World War II until the 1980's, the United
President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, 1961 States carried out its foreign policy mainly by

This statement by President Kennedy suggests a continued

commitment to the foreign policy of A. giving in to foreign demands

B. avoiding any situation that might involve the nation in

A. isolationism B. appeasement a con ict

C. containment D. imperialism C. acting forcefully to obtain and control colonies

D. taking a variety of actions to prevent the spread of

communism

page 3 Cold War

21. In the period following World War II, the United States 25. Base your answer to the following question on the
established a long-term military presence in West Germany newspaper article below and on your knowledge of social
in an e ort to studies.

A. support the uni cation of Europe, by force if necessary

B. stop communist expansion in Europe

C. prevent the renewal of German aggression in Europe

D. allow the United Nations to resolve international

disputes

22. A goal of the Marshall Plan (1948) was to

A. rebuild Japan after World War II

B. provide military aid to the Warsaw Pact

C. establish a Pan-American military alliance system

D. provide economic aid to European nations threatened

by communism

23. Base your answer to the following question on the quotation

below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Many foreign peoples, in Europe at least, are . . .

frightened by experiences of the past and are less
interested in . . . freedom than in security. They are
seeking guidance rather than responsibilities. We
should be better able than the Russians to give them
this. And unless we do, the Russians certainly will.

This advice to President Harry Truman helped in uence President Kennedy responded to warnings like this by
Truman's decision to to

A. promising to explore Mars and other nearby planets

A. drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B. asking Congress to fund the Hubble telescope
B. end segregation in the Armed Forces
C. pledging to put a man on the Moon within a decade
C. deport any person suspected of being a Communist
D. joining the Soviet Union in building a space station
D. develop the Marshall Plan

26. Base your answer to the following question on the passage

24. Since World War II, relations between the Soviet Union and below and on your knowledge of social studies.
the United States have been marked by
. . . We will stay because in Asia and around the world
are countries whose independence rests, in large
A. con icts where the superpowers supported opposing measure, on con dence in America's word and in
sides, but did not confront each other directly America's protection. To yield to force in Vietnam
would weaken that con dence, would undermine the
B. refusal to negotiate on any issues independence of many lands, and would whet the
appetite of aggression. We would have to ght
C. slow but steady decreases in military forces and
in one land, and then we would have to ght in
armaments
anotheror abandon much of Asia to the domination
D. reliance on international peace organizations to solve of Communists. . . .
disputes
President Lyndon B. Johnson,
State of the Union Address, January 12, 1966

Which idea is best described in this passage?

A. appeasement B. isolationism

C. domino theory D. neutrality

page 4 Cold War

27. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 30. Base your answer to the following question on the passage
cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. below and on your knowledge of social studies.

He's nally getting the hang of it. . . . Historians looking back at our time will note the
consistent restraint and peaceful intentions of the
West. They will note that it was the democracies who
refused to use the threat of their nuclear monopoly in
the forties and early fties for territorial or imperial
gain. Had that nuclear monopoly been in the hands of
the Communist world, the map of Europeindeed, the
worldwould look very di erent today. And certainly
they will note it was not the democracies that invaded
Afghanistan [in 1979] or suppressed Polish Solidarity
or used chemical and toxin warfare in Afghanistan
and Southeast Asia.. . .

President Ronald Reagan, speech to the

British House of Commons, June 8, 1982

Which attitude about Cold War rivalries is expressed by

President Ronald Reagan in this speech?

A. Actions taken by communist nations to secure their

borders have brought stability to Europe.

B. The United States has made no attempt to pursue

Source: Dorman Smith, Phoenix Gazette, 1949 (adapted) peaceful coexistence with communist nations.

Which statement most accurately expresses the main idea C. E orts to reduce the nuclear arms race have resulted
of the cartoon? in lower defense spending.

D. Communist nations, not western democracies, have

A. American taxpayers hope the Marshall Plan will quickly threatened world peace.
stabilize Europe's economy.

B. The Marshall Plan will limit Europe's economic

31. The primary goal of the United States foreign policy of
recovery.
containment was to
C. Europe will not take advantage of the Marshall Plan.
A. return to noninvolvement in world a airs
D. The Marshall Plan will bankrupt the American taxpayer.
B. stop communist in uence from spreading

28. The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to provide Europe C. gain territories in Africa and Latin America
with
D. overthrow existing dictatorships

A. defense military weapons

B. economic aid

C. cultural exchange programs

D. political alliances

29. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the

Truman Doctrine were attempts to carry out a United States
foreign policy of

A. brinksmanship B. containment

C. appeasement D. neutrality

page 5 Cold War

32. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 34. Base your answer to the following question on the graph
quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies. below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . We dare not forget today that we are the heirs

of that rst revolution. Let the word go forth from
this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the
torch has been passed to a new generation of
Americansborn in this century, tempered by war,
disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our
ancient heritageand unwilling to witness or permit
the slow undoing of those human rights to which this
nation has always been committed, and to which we
are committed today at home and around the world. . .

To those people in the huts and villages of half

the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass
misery, we pledge our best e orts to help them help
themselves, for whatever period is requirednot
because the communists may be doing it, not because
we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free
society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot
save the few who are rich. . .

President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address,

January 20, 1961

According to this quotation, President Kennedy wanted to

A. assert United States leadership in world a airs

B. follow a policy of neutrality

C. adopt appeasement as a foreign policy

D. abandon the policy of containment

33. The main foreign policy objective of the Marshall Plan Information provided by the graph indicates that the
(19481952) was to Marshall Plan tried to prevent the spread of communism in
Europe by

A. stop communist aggression in Korea

A. providing military aid to France and Great Britain
B. ght poverty in Latin America
B. restoring economic stability throughout Western Europe
C. rebuild the economies of European nations
C. encouraging domestic revolutions in Europe
D. provide jobs for unemployed Americans
D. making European nations dependent on the United
Nations

35. Both the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1963 and the Strategic
Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) of 1972 were attempts to

A. settle boundary disputes in Europe

B. promote the peaceful use of atomic energy

C. ease Cold War tensions

D. share military technologies with developing nations

page 6 Cold War

36. The general nature of United States foreign policy since 40. After World War II, foreign policy of the United States was
1945 can best be described as mainly guided by the idea that the United States should

A. providing the leadership of the western bloc of nations A. avoid joining military alliances

B. continuing a policy of expansionism to acquire new B. break all diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union
colonies
C. arm itself to overthrow the Communist regime in the
C. remaining rmly committed to isolationism Soviet Union
D. seeking peace at any price D. adopt a global policy of containment

37. The Marshall Plan (1948) and the Cuban missile crisis 41. The Truman Doctrine was originally designed to
(1962) are most closely associated with
A. stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons
A. the establishment of the Peace Corps
B. contain communism by giving aid to Greece and
B. the creation of the Alliance for Progress Turkey

C. United States-Soviet relations during the Cold War C. use the United Nations as a tool to eliminate threats
posed by the Soviet Union
D. an increase in trade between the United States and
Cuba D. rebuild Southeast Asia by extending economic aid

38. Base your answer to the following question on the quotation 42. The United States committed to a Cold War policy of
below and on your knowledge of social studies. mutual defense when it
. . . I believe that it must be the policy of the United
States to support free peoples who are resisting A. aided the Nationalists in China
attempted subjugation [control] by armed minorities or
by outside pressures. B. established the Eisenhower Doctrine

I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out C. joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
their own destinies in their own way.
D. rejected United Nations e orts to halt the development
I believe that our help should be primarily through of atomic weapons
economic and nancial aid which is essential to
economic stability and orderly political processes. . . .
43. After World War II, the Marshall Plan was proposed as a
President Harry Truman, speech to
way to
Congress (Truman Doctrine), March 12, 1947

The program described in this quotation was part of the

A. improve diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union
foreign policy of
B. help European nations recover economically
A. detente B. containment
C. remove nuclear weapons from Western Europe
C. neutrality D. colonialism
D. bring Nazi war criminals to justice

39. The major motive of the Truman Doctrine and the North
44. After World War II, some United States foreign policy
Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was to
principles were signi cantly di erent from those followed
prior to the War.
A. protect the Western Hemisphere from further
colonization This statement is best supported by a United States
post-World War II policy of
B. overthrow the Bolsheviks in the Soviet Union

C. contain the spread of communism in post-World War II A. sending troops to various areas of the world to prevent
Europe communist takeovers

D. encourage summit meetings with the Soviet Union B. maintaining friendly relations with Great Britain and
France
C. abandoning the Monroe Doctrine in relations with Latin
American nations
D. closing military bases around the world to save money
for domestic programs

page 7 Cold War

45. Which foreign policy term would be the most appropriate 49. In 1957, the Eisenhower Doctrine expanded the principles
title for the partial outline below? of the Truman Doctrine by extending Middle East military
assistance in order to

I.
A. o set communist in uence in the region
A. Truman Doctrine
B. combat anti-American terrorist threats
B. Marshall Plan
C. force the Organization of Petroleum Exporting
C. Berlin Blockade Countries (OPEC) to end its oil embargo

D. Korean War D. defend Israel against Arab invasions

A. Imperialism B. Appeasement 50. President Harry Truman supported a containment policy

after World War II in an attempt to
C. Noninvolvement D. Containment
A. limit the use of atomic bombs and other nuclear
weapons
46. Base your answer to the following question on the
accompanying graph and your knowledge of social studies. B. end colonialism in Africa and Asia

C. bring German and Japanese war criminals to justice

D. reduce the in uence of the Soviet Union in European

countries

51. The Eisenhower Doctrine (1957) was an e ort by the

United States to

A. gain control of the Suez Canal

B. take possession of Middle East oil wells

C. nd a homeland for Palestinian refugees

D. counter the in uence of the Soviet Union in the Middle

East

Which United States program is most likely re ected in

the amounts of nonmilitary foreign aid given from 1947 to 52. A common purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall
1950? Plan, and the Eisenhower Doctrine was to

A. Peace Corps B. Marshall Plan A. carry out the United States policy of preventing the
spread of communism
C. Alliance for Progress D. Lend Lease
B. insure the survival of the newly independent nations of
Africa and Asia
47. The United States foreign policy that was followed in the
decade after World War II was intended to C. limit the proliferation of nuclear weapons

D. provide medical aid to Latin American nations

A. support revolutionary groups by using United States
neutrality in international a airs
53. One way the United States government reacted to the
B. support the e orts of free peoples to resist communism Soviet launching of Sputnik in 1957 was by
C. ensure United States neutrality in international a airs
A. establishing a naval blockade of Cuba
D. allow communist expansion in exchange for trade
concessions B. urging more Americans to buy war bonds

C. starting the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)

48. The creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) illustrates a commitment to the concept of D. increasing federal spending on math and science
education

A. colonialism B. isolationism

C. mutual defense D. human rights

page 8 Cold War

54. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 57. When President Dwight D. Eisenhower said If you knock
quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies. down the rst of a row of dominoes, all the others will fall
in quick order, he was expressing a view that led to
I believe that it must be the policy of the United
States to support free peoples who are resisting
attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by A. decreased foreign aid to Western Europe
outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free
peoples to work out their own destinies in their own B. less restrictive immigration policies toward Africa and
way. I believe that our help should be primarily Latin America
through economic and nancial aid. . . .
C. stronger support for United States involvement in
Harry Truman Southeast Asia

The recommendation made in this quotation resulted from D. the end of colonialism in Africa
the United States need to

58. What was the main purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the
A. prepare for World War I Marshall Plan, and the Berlin airlift?
B. ght Nazi aggression in 1941
A. controlling Nazism in Europe
C. oppose communist expansion during the early
post-World War II period B. establishing friendly relations between the United
States and the Soviet Union
D. justify the withdrawal of United States forces from
Korea C. spreading democracy to developing nations

D. limiting soviet expansion

55. Attorney General Palmer Deports 249 Foreigners
(1919)
Nixon Accuses Alger Hiss of Espionage (1948) 59. The goal of President Harry Truman's Fair Deal was to
Rosenbergs Executed for Treason (1953)
A. continue reforms begun during Franklin D. Roosevelt's
Each of these headlines demonstrates that during the 20th presidency
century
B. decrease government spending on social welfare
programs
A. the rights of the accused were expanded
C. reduce taxes on large corporations and wealthy
B. membership rose dramatically in groups considered to individuals
be subversive
D. restore domestic policies that existed in the 1920s
C. censorship was a primary policy of the government

D. fear of communist activities prompted government

actions 60. The major goal of United States foreign policy in the period
19461972 was to

56. The speakers below are discussing foreign policies that the A. contain the spread of communism
United States has followed at various times. Base your
answer(s) to the following question(s) on their statements B. abolish strategic nuclear weapons
and on your knowledge of social studies.
C. establish the United States as a major naval power
Speaker A: Steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign
world. D. appease communist leaders and avoid global con icts
Speaker B: The United States will give economic aid to needy countries
anywhere in the world, but will not provide military aid.
Speaker C: The United States must prevent the growth of communism.
Speaker D: The United States can take over other countries to help them 61. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
become more like us. speakers' statements below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
Which speakers would most likely support a United States
foreign policy of intervention? Speaker A: The United States has enough problems of its own. We should
keep out of the a airs of other countries.
Speaker B: If we don't help this country ght o the Communists, the entire
A. A and B B. A and C region will be overrun by communism.
Speaker C: American businesses are producing more than they can sell. We
C. C and D D. B and D need to acquire overseas markets
Speaker D: We must not join this international organization. If we do,
Congress will lose its power to declare war.

Which speaker most likely supported the policy of

containment followed by the United States after World
War II?

A. A B. B C. C D. D

page 9 Cold War

62. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon 65. As a result of the Interstate Highway Act of 1956, the
below and on your knowledge of social studies. United States experienced

A. increased suburban growth

B. the elimination of urban renewal programs

C. less air pollution from motor vehicles

D. a reduction in United States dependence on foreign oil

66. One similarity between the Truman Doctrine and the

Eisenhower Doctrine is that both were designed to

A. limit the spread of communism

B. help develop the space program

C. restrict United States foreign aid

D. assist rebellions against the Soviet Union

67. One result of the Cold War between the United States and
the Soviet Union was that the two nations

A. broke all diplomatic ties

The main idea of this cartoon from the late 1940's is that B. refused to trade with each other

C. formed competing military alliances

A. Europe is slipping into chaos and revolution
D. clashed over control of the Mediterranean Sea
B. American economic aid is assisting European recovery

C. containment is failing as a policy for stopping Soviet

expansion into Western Europe 68. The main reason for providing aid to Europe under the
Marshall Plan was to
D. Europeans are not making serious attempts to solve
their economic problems
A. guarantee American factories a supply of cheap raw
materials
63. The Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and the North B. create disagreements between Western European
Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were all part of the nations
foreign policy of
C. encourage the Soviet Union to withdraw from the
United Nations
A. isolationism B. detente
D. rebuild the economies of devastated European nations
C. colonialism D. containment

69. Which foreign policy decision by President Harry Truman is

64. One goal of the Marshall Plan (1947) was to an example of the policy of containment?

A. provide defensive weapons to Great Britain A. relieving General MacArthur of his Korean command

B. rebuild the economy of Western Europe B. recognizing the new nation of Israel

C. fund the construction of the iron curtain C. supporting the trials of war criminals in Germany and
Japan
D. bring Nazi war criminals to trial in Nuremberg
D. providing military aid to Greece and Turkey

page 10 Cold War

70. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, 73. Which statement about the Cuban missile crisis (1962) is
that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any most accurate?
hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the
survival and success of liberty.
A. The crisis showed that the United States and the
John F. Kennedy Soviet Union could agree on total disarmament.

This statement best supports a foreign policy of B. The crisis brought the two major world powers very
close to war.

A. colonialism B. neutrality C. The United States wanted to establish missile sites in

Cuban territory.
C. noninvolvement D. containment
D. The Communist government in Cuba was overthrown.

71. Following the end of World War II, United States foreign
policy changed signi cantly in that the United States 74. . . . The American people are sick and tired of being afraid
to speak their minds lest they be politically smeared as
`Communists' or `Fascists' by their opponents. Freedom of
A. assumed a more isolationist stance speech is not what it used to be in America. It has been
so abused by some that it is not exercised by others. The
B. began to rely on appeasement to reduce world
American people are sick and tired of seeing innocent
tensions
people smeared and guilty people whitewashed. But there
C. perceived the containment of communist expansion as have been enough proved cases to cause nationwide
a major goal distrust and strong suspicion that there may be something
to the unproved, sensational accusations. . . .
D. concentrated most heavily on events within the
Western Hemisphere Senator Margaret Chase Smith,
United States Senate, June 1, 1950

When Senator Smith spoke these words, she was reacting

72. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon to
below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A. the Yellow Peril

B. McCarthyism

C. the Eisenhower Doctrine

D. Progressivism

75. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the

passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the
Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the
Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitols of the
ancient states of central and eastern Europe . . . all are
subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet
in uence but to a very high and increasing measure
of control from Moscow.

Winston Churchill

This observation by Winston Churchill is often regarded as

the symbolic start of
The cartoon is most critical of the United States policy of
A. detente
A. involvement in international a airs B. balance-of-power politics
B. reliance on the political party system C. the United States policy of neutrality
C. continued isolationism D. the cold war
D. dependency on foreign nations

page 11 Cold War

76. What was a result of the takeover of Cuba by Fidel Castro? 78. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon
below and on your knowledge of social studies.
A. Relations between the Soviet Union and Cuba
worsened.
B. Many Cuban Americans returned to their homeland.

C. Trade between the United States and Cuba increased.

D. Many people ed from Cuba to the United States.

77. Base your answer to the following question on the

photograph below and on your knowledge of social studies.

The main idea expressed in the cartoon involves the

A. relationship between consumer needs and military

needs
B. problems created by the development of nuclear
weapons

C. need for all people to be informed about world a airs

D. problems associated with the shift from a wartime

economy to a peacetime economy

79. In the 1950's, Senator Joseph McCarthy was most closely

associated with issues related to

A. Communist in ltration and the denial of civil liberties

What does this photograph indicate about the United States
in the 1950s? B. farm problems and taxation

C. military preparedness and foreign aid

A. Extraordinary steps were taken to hide atomic
weapons. D. collective bargaining and the rights of unions

B. The nation had become the only nuclear superpower.

80. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) provided congressional
C. Much fear was created by the Cold War.
support for
D. Only government o cials would be safe in a nuclear
attack. A. withdrawing from the United Nations

B. expanding the Alliance for Progress

C. escalating military action in Vietnam

D. reestablishing trade with Cuba

page 12 Cold War

81. General Douglas MacArthur was relieved of his command 83. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon
in the Korean War because he had below and on your knowledge of social studies.

A. threatened the principle of civilian control over the

military establishment

B. ordered the use of nuclear weapons against the Soviet

Union
C. refused to invade China

D. failed to unify North Korea and South Korea into one

nation

82. Immediately after World War II, the relationship between

the United States and the Soviet Union became strained
because

A. both nations wer competing for supremacy in space

exploration

B. the United States prevented the Soviet Union from

joining the United Nations

C. each nation believed that the other was a threat to its

national security

D. the United States used military forces in Cuba and

South Vietnam

What is the main idea of this 1945 cartoon?

A. The world community needs to stop the spread of

nuclear weapons.

B. Korea's development of atomic bombs has threatened

world peace.

C. The Treaty of Versailles was successful in preventing

World War II.
D. Germany should be criticized for using atomic bombs.

84. Shortly after World War II, the cold war developed mainly
as a result of the

A. United States refusal to send economic aid to

European nations

B. Soviet domination of Eastern Europe

C. competition between the superpowers to explore outer

space

D. continuation of the pre-World War II balance of power

page 13 Cold War

85. Which conclusion is most accurate based on the United 90. Document 5
States experience in the Vietnam War?

A. War is the only way to contain communism

B. Superior military technology does not guarantee victory

C. Unpopular Presidents are frequently impeached

D. Public opinion does not a ect national policy

86. The Korean War (19501953) marked the rst time that

A. the United Nations used military force to oppose

aggression

B. American and Asian forces fought against each other

C. a major disagreement arose between the United States

and the Soviet Union
D. an atomic bomb was used in warfare

87. President John F. Kennedy supported the 1961 Bay of Pigs

invasion of Cuba as an e ort to

A. remove a communist dictator from power

B. stop the ow of illegal drugs to the United States

C. support Fidel Castro's e orts for reform

D. rescue hostages held by Cuban freedom ghters

88. Sputnik Launch Propels Soviets Ahead in Space Race What does this picture show about the e ect of the Cold
War on American society?
In 1957, the United States government responded to the
event described in this headline by
91. Which would be the most appropriate entry for line D in
A. reducing military spending the list given?

B. building a joint space station with the Soviet Union

I. The Cold War at Home
C. constructing President Ronald Reagan's Star Wars
defense system A. The McCarthy hearings

D. providing funds to improve the educational system in B. Alger Hiss case

the United States
C. House Un-American Activities Committee

89. The Palmer raids following World War I and the McCarthy D.
hearings during the Korean War were similar in that they
were caused by fear of
A. Labor unrest
A. new military weapons
B. Racial segregation
B. foreign invasions of the United States
C. Wage and price controls
C. communist in uence in the United States
D. Loyalty oaths
D. economic depression

page 14 Cold War

92. Between 1946 and 1954, the House Committee on 95. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
Un-American Activities and Senator Joseph McCarthy cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.
attracted public attention by investigating

A. allegations of communist in uences in government

B. civil rights violations against African Americans

C. corruption by companies in the defense industry

D. war crimes of German and Japanese o cials

93. The Hungarian uprising of 1956, the U-2 incident, and the
Cuban missile crisis led to

A. military actions by the Southeast Asia Treaty

Organization (SEATO)

B. increased tensions between the United States and the

Soviet Union
C. international e orts to control communist China

D. creation of the Warsaw Pact

94. Base your answer to the following question on the

Which title best summarizes the main idea of the cartoon?
accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social
studies.
A. Soviet and American Detente

B. Containment of Communism

C. The Search for Democracy

D. A Reason for the Arms Race

96. The 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion and the 1962 missile crisis
are con icts directly related to United States relations with
which two nations?

A. the Dominican Republic and Haiti

B. Cuba and the Soviet Union

C. China and Japan

The main point of the cartoon is that Fidel Castro has
D. North Korea and South Korea

A. tried to spread communism to the United States

97. Which situation resulted from Senator Joseph McCarthy's
B. frustrated many Presidential administrations search for Communists within the United States during the
1950's?
C. allowed many Cuban refugees to come to the United
States
A. Thousands of American citizens who believed in
D. failed to in uence United States foreign policy
communism were either jailed or deported.

B. The reputations of many people were ruined by false

accusations of disloyalty.

C. Many high-ranking government o cials were exposed

as spies of the Soviet Union.

D. Organized groups of Communists began a wave of

violent political terrorism.

page 15 Cold War

98. What was a major outcome of the Korean War 102. The Cuban missile crisis was e ectively ended when the
(19501953)?
A. Soviet Union agreed to withdraw weapons from Cuba
A. Korea continued to be a divided nation.
B. Bay of Pigs invasion removed Fidel Castro from power
B. North Korea became an ally of the United States.
C. Cuban authorities signed new trade agreements with
C. South Korea became a communist nation. the United States

D. Control of Korea was turned over to the United D. United States announced the formation of the Alliance
Nations. for Progress

99. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the
Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the
Continent. Behind that line lie all the capitols of the
ancient states of central and eastern Europe . . . all are
subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet
in uence but to a very high and increasing measure
of control from Moscow.
103. . . . We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the
moon in this decade and do the other things, not because
they are easy, but because they are hard, because that
goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our
energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we
are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone,
and one which we intend to win, and the others, too. . . .
President John F. Kennedy, speech
at Rice University, September 12, 1962

Winston Churchill The main purpose of this speech was to win public support
for
When did the situation described in the passage occur?

A. establishing a missile defense system on the Moon

A. toward the close of World War I
B. cooperating with communist countries in exploring
B. during the Great Depression
space
C. soon after World War II
C. surpassing the Soviet Union in the space race
D. during the Vietnam War
D. controlling the spread of nuclear weapons

100. Base your answer to the following question on the titles of

the magazine articles listed below and on your knowledge 104. Which heading is most appropriate for the partial outline
of social studies below?

Iron Curtain Descends Across Europe

I.
Will Berlin Blockade Cause War?
A. The House Un-American Activities Committee
Why We Must Stop Stalin in Asia
B. Loyalty review boards
These magazine articles were most probably written in the
time period between C. Bomb shelters D.Watkins v. United States
(1957)
A. the Spanish-American War and World War I

B. World War I and World War II

A. Results of World War I
C. World War II and the end of the Korean War
B. The Cold War at Home
D. 1980 and today
C. Problems of Urbanization

D. Reactions to Immigration
101. What was a cause for the investigations of the House
Un-American Activities Committee in the late 1940s and the
investigations of a Senate committee headed by Joseph
McCarthy in the early 1950s?

A. the belief that there were Communist agents in the

federal government

B. excessive spending by the United States military

C. the corruption and bribery of members of Congress

D. actions of President Harry Truman that might have led

to his impeachment

page 16 Cold War

105. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon 106. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
below and on your knowledge of social studies. map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

What was the main reason for President Kennedy's action

toward Cuba?

A. Cuba is located close to the United States.

B. The United States needed to protect business

investments in Cuba.
C. The cost of building missile defense bases in Florida
was high.

Which event of the 1950s most likely led to the publication D. Cuba threatened to seize United States merchant
of this cartoon? ships in the Caribbean.

A. Russia put cosmonauts on the Moon.

B. The Soviet Union launched the Sputnik satellite.

C. The United States was defeated in the Vietnam War.

D. American students scored low on tests in math and

science.

page 17 Cold War

107. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 109. In the late 1940's, an American stateman made this
cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. comment.

There is nothing [the Soviets] admire so much as strength,

and there is nothign for which they have less respect than
for weakness, especially military weakness.

This perception of the Soviet Union by United States

leaders contributed most to the creation of the

A. Lend-Lease policy

B. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

C. United Nations

D. GI bill

110. The immediate impact of the 1957 launch of Sputnik I was

that it

A. forced the United States to nd new sources of fuel

B. focused attention on the need to regulate the uses of

outer space

C. heightened the space race as a form of Cold War

competition

D. ended the period of peaceful coexistence between the

What is the main idea of this 1949 cartoon? United States and the Soviet Union

A. Liberty is being protected by loyal citizens. 111. Immediately after World War II, a main cause of the
development of the cold war between the United States
B. Foreign terrorists are endangering the nation. and the Soviet Union was
C. Fear can threaten civil liberties.
A. the placing of missiles in Cuba by the Soviet Union
D. Civil rights protests are alarming the public.
B. Soviet dominance over Eastern European nations

C. United States military actions in the Baltic Sea

108. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. D. Soviet desire to enter the war against Japan in 1945

112. Which of these events related to space exploration occurred

rst?

A. Neil Armstrong walking on the Moon

B. development of the space shuttle

C. John Glenn orbiting Earth

D. launching of Sputnik

The author of this cartoon suggested that the United States

113. Batista Driven from Power
should
Bay of Pigs Invasion Fails
U-2 Planes Reveal Soviet Missiles
A. attempt to overthrow foreign governments
These headlines refer to the relationship between the
B. submit international disputes to the United Nations for United States and
binding arbitration

C. provide foreign nations with military aid A. Canada B. Cuba C. Mexico D. Panama

D. not interfere in the internal a airs of other nations

page 18 Cold War

114. The Red Scare and McCarthyism were similar in that both 119. A similarity between the Red Scare of the 1920's and
McCartyism in the 1950's was that during each period
A. advocated the development of the arts and sciences
A. thousands of American citizens were expelled from the
B. supported United States foreign aid programs United States
C. encouraged nativist ideas B. the Communist Party gained many members in the
United States
D. promoted economic development
C. many government employees were convicted of giving
secrets to the Soviet Union
115. The successful launching of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in D. the civil liberties of American citizens were threatened
1957 signaled the beginning of

A. American fears that the Soviets had achieved 120. Who led a witch hunt for Communist spies in the United
technological superiority States government during the early 1950s?

B. the Cold War with the United States

A. Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren
C. Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and China
B. President Dwight Eisenhower
D. disarmament discussions between the superpowers
C. Senator Joseph McCarthy

D. Secretary of State Dean Acheson

116. The growth of McCarthyism in the early 1950s was based
on
121. McCarthyism in the 1950s is most closely associated with
A. public fear concerning the spread of communism

B. outrage over government corruption A. claims that communists had in ltrated the federal
government
C. dissatisfaction with the results of World War II
B. e orts to prevent pro-communist governments in Latin
D. opposition to the policy of containment America
C. formation of the Warsaw Pact

117. What was one outcome of the Cuban missile crisis in D. passage of the Interstate Highway Act
1962?

122. President Harry Truman relieved General Douglas

A. Cuba became a communist nation.
MacArthur of his command in the Korean con ict primarily
B. The United States seized military control of Cuba. because

C. The Soviet Union withdrew its nuclear missiles from

A. the United Nations forces were losing the war under
Cuba.
General MacArthur's command
D. Fidel Castro met with President John F. Kennedy.
B. General MacArthur challenged the concept of civilian
control over the military

118. I suppose that history will remember my term of o ce as C.
the years when the `cold war' began to overshadow our
lives. I have hardly had a day in o ce that has not been D.
dominated by this all-embracing struggle. . . and always in
the background there has been the atomic bomb.
the United Nations requested a change of command
General MacArthur was planning to challenge
President Truman as the Presidential nominee for the
Democratic Party

This quotation best re ects the Presidential administration

of 123. In 1948, the United States responded to the Soviet
blockade of West Berlin by
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt B. Harry Truman
A. tearing down the wall between East Berlin and West
C. Richard Nixon D. George Bush
Berlin
B. supporting United Nations peacekeeping e orts in
West Germany

C. shutting down transportation to East Berlin

D. organizing an airlift of supplies to West Berlin

page 19 Cold War

124. The Berlin airlift was used during the Cold War to 127. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon
below and on your knowledge of social studies.
A. rescue people eeing West Germany

B. prevent a communist takeover of Greece and Turkey

C. overcome a blockade created by the Soviet Union

D. support peacekeeping e orts by the North Atlantic

Treaty Organization (NATO)

125. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the

time line below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Source: The American Journey: Time Line

Activities, Glencoe/McGraw-Hill (adapted)

The events shown on the time line occurred as a result of

A. the bombing of Pearl Harbor

B. the launching of Sputnik

C. a need for collective security

D. a fear of communism

126. The perceived threat of communist in uence in the United

States during the 1950s prompted Congress to

A. ban foreign students

B. repeal loyalty oaths

The United States carried out the idea expressed in this
C. deport citizens who were communists late 1940s cartoon by

D. investigate suspected communist sympathizers

A. forming a military alliance with Russia

B. airlifting supplies to West Berlin

C. accepting Russian authority over West Berlin

D. agreeing to turn over control of Berlin to the United

Nations

128. A governmental action that was consistant with Cold War

mentality was the

A. establishment of loyalty reviews of government

employees

B. reduction in military defense spending

C. elimination of the Central Intelligence Agency

D. adoption of the GI Bill of Rights

page 20 Cold War

129. Those of us who shout the loudest about Americanism 131. Document 8
in making character assassinations are all too frequently
those who, by our own words and acts, ignore some of the
basic principles of Americanism.

Senator Margaret Chase Smith, 1950

This criticism of Senator Joseph McCarthy and his

supporters suggests that

A. Senator McCarthy did not do enough to protect the

nation from a Communist conspiracy

B. the tactics of Senator McCarthy were necessary to

protect the basic principles of democracy

C. free speech must be limited in times of national crisis

D. Senator McCarthy was a greater threat to the nation

than Communist sympathizers were

130. Which was a major e ect of the cold war on the United
States in the 1950's?

A. Congress passed laws prohibiting United States

contact with communist countries.
B. The United States refused to enter military alliances
with other nations.
C. Participation, or even past participation, in extremist
movements was viewed as un-American.
D. Americans were required to take loyalty oaths before
registering to vote.

According to the graph, how did the Cold War a ect the
United States defense budget?

132. Which action has come to symbolize the end of the Cold
War?

A. establishing the Peace Corps

B. achieving a truce in the Korean War

C. tearing down the Berlin Wall

D. improving United States relations with China

page 21 Cold War

133. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 136. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. map below and on your knowledge of social studies.

This cartoon dealt with United States foreign policy toward

A. Eastern Europe B. the Far East

C. Latin America D. Africa President John F. Kennedy attempted to deal with the
situation shown on the map by

134. Senator Joseph McCarthy built his power on the issue of A. bombing all the missile sites simultaneously
the
B. imposing a naval blockade to isolate Cuba from the
Soviet Union
A. need to weaken the role of Congress
C. allowing the Soviet Union to keep some missiles in
B. extent of Communist in uence in the Federal Cuba if the remainder were removed
Government
D. landing an invasion force on the Cuban mainland
C. decline of academic achievement among American
students
D. importance of improving race relations 137. McCarthyism in the early 1950s resulted from

A. new commitments to civil rights for African Americans

135. The United States became involved in the Korean War and
Vietnam con icts mainly to B. opposition to the Marshall Plan

C. charges that Communists had in ltrated the United

A. reestablish the colonial interests of European allies in States government
the Far East
D. increased public support for labor unions
B. gain better access to resources and markets in Asia

C. respond to direct military attacks on the United States

D. attempt to control the spread of communism

page 22 Cold War

138. Base your answer to the following question on the quotation 141. Base your answer to the following question on the chart
below and on your knowledge of social studies. below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . Just over a month ago, General Secretary

Gorbachev [of the Soviet Union] and I met for the rst
time in Geneva. Our purpose was to begin a fresh
chapter in the relations between our two countries and
to try to reduce the suspicions and mistrust between
us. I think we made a good beginning. Mr. Gorbachev
and I spent many hours together, speaking frankly
and seriously about the most important issues of our
time: reducing the massive nuclear arsenals on both
sides, resolving regional con icts, ensuring respect
for human rights as guaranteed under international
agreements, and other questions of mutual interest.
As the elected representative of the American people,
I told Mr. Gorbachev of our deep desire for peace
and that the American people do not wish the Soviet
people any harm. . . .

President Ronald Reagan, January 1, 1986

One major issue that dominated United States-Soviet

relations at this time was the

A. war in Southeast Asia

B. use of apartheid in South Africa

C. danger of nuclear destruction

D. threat from al Qaeda in the Middle East

139. During the Korean War, President Harry Truman removed

General Douglas MacArthur from command because
MacArthur

A. called for an immediate end to the war

B. refused to serve under the United Nations

C. lacked the experience to provide wartime leadership The changes shown on the chart most clearly re ect the

D. threatened the constitutional principle of civilian control

of the military A. e ects of the Cold War

B. in uence of the business cycle

140. The Red Scare in 1919 and McCarthyism in the 1950's C. failure of United States military policy
illustrate that
D. reverses in political party control of Congress
A. fear of communism in the United States has led to
violations of civil rights

B. Nazi agents successfully penetrated the Federal

Government
C. freedom of expression is an unalienable and absolute
right

D. open immigration policies are encouraged in times of

crisis

page 23 Cold War

142. Base your answer to the following question on the
statement below and on your knowledge of social studies.
. . . But this secret, swift, and extraordinary buildup
of Communist missilesin an area well known to
have a special and historical relationship to the United
States and the nations of the Western Hemisphere,
in violation of Soviet assurances, and in de ance
of American and hemispheric policy this sudden,
clandestine [secret] decision to station strategic
weapons for the rst time outside of Soviet soilis a
deliberately provocative and unjusti ed change in the
status quo which cannot be accepted by this country,
if our courage and our commitments are ever to be
trusted again by either friend or foe. . . .
President John F. Kennedy, October 22, 1962
144. Soviets Create Iron Curtain in Eastern Europe
Mao Zedong Leads Successful Revolution in China
North Korean Invasion of South Korea Leads to War
Which development is re ected in these headlines?
A. the post-World War II expansion of communism
B. the beginning of detente between the Soviet Union
and the United States
C. the return to an isolationist foreign policy
D. the beginning of pro-democracy movements during the
Cold War

This statement is most closely associated with the 145. During the early 1950s, the tactics of Senator Joseph
McCarthy were criticized because he
A. Bay of Pigs invasion
A. violated important constitutional liberties
B. Cuban missile crisis
B. displayed racial prejudice in his questions
C. United States-Soviet space race
C. opposed the use of loyalty oaths
D. nuclear test ban controversy
D. ignored evidence of Soviet spying

143. Document 7

According to the cartoonist, how did the Cold War a ect

American males who were approaching their eighteenth
birthday?

page 24 Cold War

146. Base your answer to the following question on the 149. The Cuban missile crisis (1962) in uenced President
photograph below and on your knowledge of social studies. John F. Kennedy's decision to

A. negotiate the limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with the

Soviet Union
B. reduce the nation's commitment to the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO)

C. forbid Americans to trade with and travel to Latin

America
D. send Peace Corps volunteers to aid developing
countries

150. Which event marked the beginning of the space race with
the Soviet Union?

A. U-2 spy plane incident

B. launch of Sputnik

C. Berlin airlift

D. creation of the space shuttle program

151. What is a valid conclusion based on this statement?

A. Strategic weapons of the United States should be

stationed on foreign soil.

B. An isolationist foreign policy is the most e ective way

to preserve peace.

The protestors in the photograph are expressing their C. Presidential attempts were made to end military
hatred for alliances.
D. Geographic location plays an important role in
A. fascists B. communists determining foreign policy.

C. immigrants D. police o cers

152. There shall be a loyalty investigation of every person
entering the civilian employment of any department
147. The rst disagreements between the United States and the or agency of the Executive Branch of the Federal
Soviet Union after the defeat of Germany in World War II Government.
occurred as a result of the
The Truman Loyalty Order, March 22, 1947

A. failure of the Soviet Union to withdraw from Eastern President Truman issued this Executive order in response
Europe to the

B. Cuban missile crisis

A. fear of Communist Party in uence in the government
C. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
B. election of Socialist Party representatives to Congress
D. takeover of China by the Communists
C. discovery of spies in defense industries

D. arrest and trial of high-ranking government employees

148. Controversies involving Alger Hiss and Julius and Ethel for terrorism
Rosenberg re ected the post-World War II concern over

A. testing nuclear missiles

B. joining the United Nations

C. placing weapons in outer space

D. spying by communists in the United States

page 25 Cold War

153. Since the 1950s, the term McCarthyism has been applied 156. President John F. Kennedy's most signi cant foregin policy
to events that are related to failure involved the

A. the basic rights of citizens to own and carry guns A. invasion at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba

B. the violent activities of international terrorists B. development of the Peace Corps

C. reckless accusations unsupported by evidence C. signing of a nuclear test-ban treaty

D. questionable methods used to nance political D. sending of troops to Berlin

campaigns

157. Document 2
154. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
newspaper headlines below and on your knowledge of
social studies.

SOVIET FIRES EARTH SATELLITE INTO

SPACE;
IT IS CIRCLING THE GLOBE AT
18,000 M.P.H.;
SPHERE TRACKED IN 4 CROSSINGS
OVER U.S.

Source: New York Times, October 5, 1957

MEN WALK ON MOON

ASTRONAUTS LAND ON PLAIN;
COLLECT ROCKS, PLANT FLAG

Source: New York Times, July 21, 1969

Which statement most accurately explains the relationship

between the events described in these newspaper
headlines?

A. The launch of Sputnik prompted the United States to

expand its space program.
What criticism was the cartoonist making of the House
B. Space exploration ended competition between the
Committee on Un-American Activities?
United States and the Soviet Union.
C. Congress reduced military spending to fund space
exploration. 158. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, United States
intervention in Latin America was motivated by the United
D. The United States and the Soviet Union began sharing States desire to
space technology.

A. protect its growing investments in Latin America

155. In the post-World War II era, Senator Joseph McCarthy and B. encourage Latin American trade with Europe
the House Un-American Activities Committee attempted to
C. end Latin American independence movements
A. develop an e ective system for spying on other D. reduce the in uence of communism in Latin America
countries
B. make Cold War programs a priority in United States
foreign policy

C. identify Communists in the government and elsewhere

in American society

D. establish a policy of detente with the Soviet Union

page 26 Cold War

159. During the Cold War era, the United States and the Soviet 163. Document 6
Union were hesitant to become involved in direct military
con ict mainly because of

A. the threat of China to both nations

B. pressure from nonaligned nations

C. the potential for global nuclear destruction

D. mutual dependence on Middle East petroleum

160. One way in which the Red Scare of the 1920s and
McCarthyism of the 1950s were similar is that both

A. jeopardized the rights of individuals suspected of

un-American activity

B. occurred during times of economic depression

C. addressed the issue of increased government

bureaucracy after a world war

D. led to the imprisonment of ethnic minorities during

wartime

161. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the

time line below and on your knowledge of social studies.

How did the cartoonist believe education in the United

Source: The American Journey: Time Line States was a ected by the launching of the Soviet satellite,
Activities, Glencoe/McGraw-Hill (adapted) Sputnik?

Which civil liberty was most seriously threatened during the

period shown on the time line?
164. An outcome of the Korean War was that

A. freedom of speech
A. Korea became a uni ed nation under one government
B. freedom of religion
B. Korea became a United nations trusteeship territory
C. the right to bear arms
C. South Korea remained non-Communist
D. the right to petition the government
D. Korea was annexed by China

162. Today, the term McCarthyism is used to describe the

165. The Palmer Raids of 1919 and 1920 and McCarthyism of
practice of
the 1950's were similar in that both were

A. removing members of Congress for abuses of power

A. resonses to the large numbers of immigrants entering
B. investigating civil servie employees for corruption the United States
B. reactions to the fear of communist in uence in the
C. accusing a person of subversive activities without
United States
su cient evidence
C. direct causes of the United States entry into war
D. using illegal means to obtain evidence in criminal trials
D. long-term results of Presidential foreign policies

page 27 Cold War

166. President Harry Truman's order requiring loyalty checks 169. During the early 1960's, the United States had to deal with
and the Senate hearings led by Joseph McCarthy were the building of the Berlin Wall, the Bay of Pigs invasion,
both responses to and the Cuban missile crisis. Each of these events was a
direct result of the
A. excessive spending by the armed forces after World
War II A. United States continued support of the United Nations
decisions
B. racial discrimination against African Americans
B. continuing tensions between the United States and the
C. fear of communist in uence in government Soviet Union
D. control of labor unions by known criminals C. United States failure to remain involved in world a airs

D. concern for the safety of Americans living in foreign

nations
167. United States actions in the Vietnam War demonstrated
that
170. The term McCarthyism has come to symbolize
A. the domino theory is an e ective military tactic

B. military policy in a democracy is a ected by popular A. unfounded accusations of disloyalty and a climate of
opinion fear

C. advanced technology ensures victory B. the protection of the constitutional rights of accused
persons
D. limited use of tactical nuclear weapons can be
successful C. integration in public education

D. attempts to encourage totalitarian dictatorships

168. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the

cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Which point of view does the cartoon best support?

A. The United States should place greater restrictions on

trade with the Soviet Union.
B. Soviet and American leaders are failing to modernize
their armed forces.
C. Competition to achieve military superiority should be
ended.
D. Ideological di erences between the Soviet Union and
the United States make arms limitation talks useless.

page 28 Cold War

171. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 173. As World War II was ending, the United States decided to
cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. join the United Nations mainly because the United States

A. sought to meet the American public's overwhelming

demand for free-trade agreements

B. wanted to continue to play the same role it had in the

League of Nations

C. recognized that e orts to achieve world peace required

United States involvement
D. wanted to stop the growing in uence of newly
independent developing nations

174. In the Camp David Accords (1978), President Jimmy Carter

succeeded in

A. returning the Panama Canal Zone to Panama

B. suspending grain sales to the Soviet Union and China

C. providing a foundation for a peace treaty between

Egypt and Israel

D. freeing hostages being held in Iran

175. The Peace Corps was established by President John

F. Kennedy in an e ort to provide
This cartoonist is commenting on the

A. support to developing nations of the world

A. rise of Nazism and fascism in Europe
B. job training for the unemployed
B. Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
C. markets for consumer goods
C. communist invasion of South Korea to start the Korean
War D. teachers for inner-city areas

D. reaction of the American public to alleged communist

activities
176. Membership in the United Nations demonstrates the United
States commitment to a policy of
172. After World War II, the United States occupied Japan,
joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and A. containment B. neutrality
helped organize the United Nations. These actions show
that the United States was C. global cooperation D. isolationism

A. concerned solely with rebuilding Europe

177. The concept of collective security is best exempli ed by the
B. taking on greater global responsibility role of the United States in

C. expanding its imperialistic empire

A. forming the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
D. returning to its policy of neutrality
B. negotiating the Camp David accords

C. granting China most-favored-nation status

D. becoming a member of the North American Free Trade

Agreement (NAFTA)

page 29 Cold War

178. Base your answer to the following question on the passage 180. United States participation in the Washington Conference
below and on your knowledge of social studies. (1921), in the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928), and in the SALT
talks of the 1970's is evidence that the United States
. . . War criminals and those who have participated in
planning or carrying out Nazi enterprises involving
or resulting in atrocities or war crimes shall be A. has followed a free trade policy for most of the 20th
arrested and brought to judgment. Nazi leaders, century
in uential Nazi supporters and high o cials of Nazi
organizations and institutions and any other persons B. relies on military alliances for defense against
dangerous to the occupation or its objectives shall be aggression
arrested and interned. . . .
C. has been willing to cooperate with other nations to
Protocol of the Proceedings, reduce world tensions
Potsdam Conference, August 1945 D. believes that cultural exchange programs are a way to
promote international understanding
This agreement made at the Potsdam Conference led
directly to the

181. Membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

A. creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) illustrates the United States commitment to a policy
(NATO) of

B. trials in Nuremberg, Germany

A. collective security
C. announcement of the Truman Doctrine
B. neutrality
D. division of Germany into occupation zones
C. isolation

D. economic independence
179. Base your answer to the following question on the passage
below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . I do not believe that the American people and the 182. The formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Congress wish to turn a deaf ear to the appeal of the (NATO) in 1949 is a signi cant event in the United States
Greek Government. . . . diplomatic history because it
As a result of these tragic conditions, a militant
minority, exploiting human want and misery, was able A. committed the United States to a peacetime military
to create political chaos which, until now, has made alliance
economic recovery impossible. . . .
Meanwhile, the Greek Government is unable to B. strengthened United States in uence in oil-producing
cope with the situation. The Greek Army is small and nations
poorly equipped. It needs supplies and equipment if
C. eased tensions with the Soviet Union and its satellites
it is to restore the authority of the Government
throughout Greek territory. D. created new patterns of international trade
Greece must have assistance if it is to become a
self-supporting and self-respecting democracy. . . .
President Harry Truman, Address to Congress, March 12, 1947 183. The main reason that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO) was formed after World War II was to
Congress responded to the situation described in this
passage by
A. provide collective security against international
Communist aggression
A. sending combat troops to the Mediterranean region
B. increase trade between European nations
B. calling for creation of the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization C. encourage people-to-people peaceful diplomacy
C. sending military and economic aid to Greece and D. rebuild Western European economies
Turkey

D. supplying troops to a peacekeeping operation

184. In the period after World War II, the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO) was formed to

A. supervise the government of West Germany

B. establish a common trade market for Western

European nations

C. provide collective security against Communist

aggression

D. create a new world court

page 30 Cold War

185. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the 188. Base your answer to the following question on the graph
quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies. below and on your knowledge of social studies.
I believe that it must be the policy of the United
States to support free peoples who are resisting
attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by
outside pressures. I believe that we must assist free
peoples to work out their own destinies in their own
way. I believe that our help should be primarily
through economic and nancial aid. . . .

Harry Truman

The ideas in the quotation have been used by President

Reagan to justify United States intervention in the a airs of

A. Latin American nations B. Western Europe

C. Vietnam D. Canada
Source: Bigelow and Peterson, eds,
Rethinking Globalization, Rethinking Schools, 2002 (adapted)
186. An attack on one shall be considered an attack on all.
A conclusion best supported by the information in this
This statement summarizes the foreign policy known as graph is that the United States

A. colonialism B. nonalignment A. is more e cient and less wasteful than other nations
C. appeasement D. collective security B. shows great concern for lesser-developed countries

C. consumes several times the world average of many

187. United States participation in the United Nations and the resources
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) after World D. spends more than other nations on environmental
War II demonstrated that the United States protection

A. recognized the importance of international cooperation

189. In the 1960s, a common goal of President John F.
B. returned to the policy it followed after World War I Kennedy's Alliance for Progress and Peace Corps was to

C. believed in the principle of hemispheric isolation

A. improve Arab-Israeli relations
D. embraced a postwar policy of strict neutrality
B. ght the spread of the AIDS epidemic

C. end colonialism in Latin America and Asia

D. support developing nations while containing

communism

190. United States foreign policy changed following World War II

as the United States

A. became more involved in world a airs

B. returned to a policy of isolationism

C. rejected membership in the United Nations

D. pursued a policy of appeasement toward the Soviet

Union

page 31 Cold War

191. Which action was a major foreign policy achievement of 194. The Parties to this Treaty rea rm their faith in the
President Jimmy Carter? purposes and principles of the Charter of the United
Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples
and all governments.
A. settling the Suez crisis
They are determined to safeguard the freedom, common
B. withdrawing the United States from the Vietnam War heritage and civilisation of their peoples, founded on the
principles of democracy, individual liberty and the rule of
C. establishing improved relations with Iran
law . . .
D. mediating the Camp David Accords between Egypt
Preamble to the North Atlantic Treaty, 1949
and Israel
This statement shows the commitment of the United States
to the principle of
192. After World War II, the United States departed most sharply
from its traditional foreign policy when it
A. colonialism B. neutrality

A. stopped foreign-aid programs C. militarism D. collective security

B. sponsored disarmament treaties

C. organized global systems of alliances 195. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and
the General Agreement on Trade and Tari s (GATT) have
D. recognized revolutionary governments encouraged countries to

A. participate in the global economy

193. Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon
below and on your knowledge of social studies. B. create a uniform international currency

C. accept similar wage and price controls

D. regulate multinational corporations

196. The primary reason for the formation of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 was to

A. maintain peace in the Middle East

B. block the German Nazi threat in Europe

C. protect Western Europe from the Soviet Union

D. increase United States in uence in Asia

197. The Camp David Accords negotiated by President Jimmy

Carter were important because they

A. reduced tensions in the Middle East

B. renewed diplomatic relations between the United

States and China
The main idea of this 1947 cartoon is that the United
States was C. slowed the pace of the nuclear arms race

D. provided for cooperation with the Soviet Union in the

A. concentrated on foreign a airs while ignoring domestic exploration of outer space
problems

B. alienating its traditional Western European allies by

aiding Eastern European nations 198. Security Council Approves Use of Force Against
Communist Invaders
C. creating a debt that the American economy could not
President Truman Fires General MacArthur
a ord
Armistice Divides Nation at 38th Parallel
D. initiating a risky program with unknown consequences
These headlines refer to which international con ict?

A. World War I B. World War II

C. Korean War D. Persian Gulf War

page 32 Cold War

199. The primary purpose for the creation of the United Nations 200. The major reason the United States became involved in
was to the Korean War was the

A. maintain an international army A. threat of communism spreading throughout Asia

B. promote peace through international agreements B. need to prevent war between China and the Soviet
Union
C. free Eastern European countries from communism
C. demand by the United States for Korean natural
D. supply food to all member countries resources
D. desire to limit Japanese expansion

page 33 Cold War

 Problem-Attic format version 4.4.299
c 20112017 EducAide Software
_
Licensed for use by Ben Wong
Terms of Use at www.problem-attic.com

Cold War XXXX-XX-XX

1. 21.
Answer: A Answer: B
2. 22.
Answer: A Answer: D
3. 23.
Answer: D Answer: D
4. 24.
Answer: C Answer: A
5. 25.
Answer: C Answer: C
6. 26.
Answer: C Answer: C
7. 27.
Answer: D Answer: A
8. 28.
Answer: A Answer: B
9. 29.
Answer: D Answer: B
10. 30.
Answer: B Answer: D
11. 31.
Answer: B Answer: B
12. 32.
Answer: C Answer: A
13.
33.
Answer: B
Answer: C
14.
34.
Answer: A
Answer: B
15.
35.
Answer: B
Answer: C
16.
36.
Answer: C
Answer: A
17.
37.
Answer: avoiding war
Answer: C
18.
38.
Answer: B
Answer: B
19.
39.
Answer: C
Answer: C
20.
Answer: D
 Teacher's Key Page 2

40. 62.
Answer: D Answer: B
41. 63.
Answer: B Answer: D
42. 64.
Answer: C Answer: B
43. 65.
Answer: B Answer: A
44. 66.
Answer: A Answer: A
45. 67.
Answer: D Answer: C
46. 68.
Answer: B Answer: D
47. 69.
Answer: B Answer: D
48. 70.
Answer: C Answer: D
49. 71.
Answer: A Answer: C
50. 72.
Answer: D Answer: A
51. 73.
Answer: D Answer: B
52. 74.
Answer: A Answer: B
53. 75.
Answer: D Answer: D
54. 76.
Answer: C Answer: D
55. 77.
Answer: D Answer: C
56. 78.
Answer: C Answer: B
57. 79.
Answer: C Answer: A
58. 80.
Answer: D Answer: C
59. 81.
Answer: A Answer: A
60. 82.
Answer: A Answer: C
61. 83.
Answer: B Answer: A
 Teacher's Key Page 3

84. 106.
Answer: B Answer: A
85. 107.
Answer: B Answer: C
86. 108.
Answer: A Answer: D
87. 109.
Answer: A Answer: B
88. 110.
Answer: D Answer: C
89. 111.
Answer: C Answer: B
90. 112.
Answer: families built bomb shelters Answer: D
91. 113.
Answer: D Answer: B
92. 114.
Answer: A Answer: C
93. 115.
Answer: B Answer: A
94. 116.
Answer: B Answer: A
95. 117.
Answer: D Answer: C
96. 118.
Answer: B Answer: B
97. 119.
Answer: B Answer: D
98. 120.
Answer: A Answer: C
99. 121.
Answer: C Answer: A
100. 122.
Answer: C Answer: B
101. 123.
Answer: A Answer: D
102. 124.
Answer: A Answer: C
103. 125.
Answer: C Answer: D
104. 126.
Answer: B Answer: D
105. 127.
Answer: B Answer: B
 Teacher's Key Page 4

128. 149.
Answer: A Answer: A
129. 150.
Answer: D Answer: B
130. 151.
Answer: C Answer: D
131. 152.
Answer: during the Cold War, a larger Answer: A
percentage of the federal budget was
spent on defense 153.
Answer: C
132.
Answer: C 154.
Answer: A
133.
Answer: C 155.
Answer: C
134.
Answer: B 156.
Answer: A
135.
Answer: D 157.
Answer: The HUAC were running over people's
136. rights
Answer: B
158.
137. Answer: A
Answer: C
159.
138. Answer: C
Answer: C
160.
139. Answer: A
Answer: D
161.
140. Answer: A
Answer: A
162.
141. Answer: C
Answer: A
163.
142. Answer: More emphasis was placed on science
Answer: B in schools
143. 164.
Answer: eighteen-year-old males were eligible Answer: C
for the draft
165.
144. Answer: B
Answer: A
166.
145. Answer: C
Answer: A
167.
146. Answer: B
Answer: B
168.
147. Answer: C
Answer: A
169.
148. Answer: B
Answer: D
 Teacher's Key Page 5

170. 192.
Answer: A Answer: C
171. 193.
Answer: D Answer: D
172. 194.
Answer: B Answer: D
173. 195.
Answer: C Answer: A
174. 196.
Answer: C Answer: C
175. 197.
Answer: A Answer: A
176. 198.
Answer: C Answer: C
177. 199.
Answer: A Answer: B
178. 200.
Answer: B Answer: A
179.
Answer: C
180.
Answer: C
181.
Answer: A
182.
Answer: A
183.
Answer: A
184.
Answer: C
185.
Answer: A
186.
Answer: D
187.
Answer: A
188.
Answer: C
189.
Answer: D
190.
Answer: A
191.
Answer: D