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MATRIX 0 1
cos sin 13.Let A , show that
1. If A = ,then for what value of 0 0
sin cos aI bA a n I na n 1bA , where I is the
n

, A is an identity matrix?
identity matrix of order 2 and n N .
2. If a matrix has 5 elements, write the possible
14. Express the following matrix as the sum of a
orders it can have. Also find number of matrix .
symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix and
3. Simplify
cos sin sin cos 3 2 4
cos sin
verify the result: 3 2 5
sin cos cos sin
1 1 2
4. If A is square matrix such that 2 ,then
A A 15. Using elementary transformations, find the
write the value of I A 3 A .
2
6 5
inverse of the matrix A .
5. If A is a 3 x 3 matrix, whose elements are given 5 4
1 16. Using elementary transformations, find the
by aij 3i j , then write the value of a23 .
1 3 2
3

1 2 2 inverse of the matrix A 3 0 1
2 1 0
6. If A 2 1 2 ,verify A2 4 A 5 I 0
2 2 1 17. Using elementary transformations, find the
4 3 1 1 2
7. If A
, find x and y such that inverse of the matrix A 1 2 3
2 5
3 1 1
A2 xA + yI = O where I is a 2 x 2 unit matrix
and O is a 2 x 2 zero matrix. 18. Obtain the inverse of matrix, using elementary
0 1 3 0 1
8. If A , find the values of p and q such
1 1 operations: A 2 3 0
0 4 1
that pI qA A .
2

19. If A and B are symmetric matrices, show that

3 1 AB is symmetric, if AB = BA.
9. For the matrix A , find a and b such
7 5 0 0 1
that A2 aI bA , where I is a 2 X 2 identity
20. If A 0 1 0 , find A2 . Hence find A6 .
matrix.
1 0 0
10. If A is a square matrix such that A2 A ,
21. Show that all the elements on the main
show that I A 7 A I .
3

diagonal of a skew symmetric matrix are zero.

cos x sin x 0 22. For the matrix A, show that A AT is a
symmetric matrix.
11.If f ( x) sin x cos x 0 , then show that
0 23. If A and B are symmetric matrices, show that
0 1
AB + BA is symmetric and AB BA is skew
f ( x ) f (y) f ( x y ) . symmetric.
24. Show that the matrix B AB is symmetric or
I

0 tan
2 skew symmetric according as A is symmetric
12. Let A and I the identity
tan 0 or skew symmetric.
2 25. Two schools A and B decided to award prizes
matrix of 2 x 2, show that to their students for three values Honesty(x),
cos sin Punctuality(y) and Obedience(z). School A
I A I A . decided to award a total of ` 15,000 for the
sin cos three values to 4, 3 and 2 students respectively,
while school B decided to award ` 19,000 for
the three values to 5, 4 and 3 students
Maths By BRIJESH PATEL Page 1
 REVIEW SHEET
(MATRICES, DETERMINATS AND PROBABILITY)

respectively. If all three prizes together amount 5 x x 1

30. For what value of x, is singular?
4
to ` 5,000, then,
i) Represent the above situation by a 2
matrix equation and form linear equation
31. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that
using matrix multiplication.
adjA 64 , find A .
ii) Which value you prefer to be rewarded
most and why?
26. A store in a mall has three dozen shirts with 1 3 3

SAVE ENVIROMEN printed, two dozen 32. If A 1 4 3 , then verify that
shirts SAVE TIGER printed and five dozen 1 3 4
shirts with GROW PLANTS printed. The
cost of each shirt is ` 595, ` 610 and ` 795 A adjA A I .Also find A1 .
respectively. All these items were sold in a day. k 2
Find total collection of the store using matrix 33. For what value of k, the matrix has no
method. Which shirt you would like to buy and 3 4
why? inverse?
27. In a section A of class XII of a particular
school students were asked to grade each 2 5
34. Write A1 for A .
student under values Empathy, Honesty, 1 3
Respectful. Grades are to be given as A, B, C.
The following information was received. 2 3
35. Compute A1 for the matrix A and
Empathy Honest Respectful 5 2
1 1
A: 26 20 30 show that A A.
19
B: 12 10 10 a b
36. Find the inverse of matrix A and
C: 7 15 5 c 1 bc
a
The same activity was carried out in section B show that aA a bc 1 I aA .
1 2

of class XII of the same school and the

following information was received. 1 tan x
37. If A , show that
tan x 1
Empathy Honest Respectful
cos 2 x sin 2 x
A: 30 16 38 AA1 .
sin 2 x cos 2 x
B: 10 20 7
3 1 1
C: 8 12 3 1
38. If A 15 6 5 and
Represent the above information in the matrix 5 2 2
form and use matrices to find how many 1 2 2
students got A grade in the three values?
B 1 3 0 , find AB .
1
Which value according to you is most
important to acquire? 0 2 1
28. If A is square matrix and A 2 , then, find the
I
value of AA , where AI is the transpose of
matrix A.

1 0 1

29. If A 0 1 2 , then show that 3 A 27 A
0 0 4
Maths By BRIJESH PATEL Page 2
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1 1 0 Cooperation and Supervision, suggest one

4 and
39. Find A1 , if A 2 3
0 1 2 45. Using the properties of determinants, prove
2 2 4
B 4 2 4 verify that BA 6 I , use
2 1 5
the result to solve the system: x y 3 ;
2 x 3 y 4 z 17 ; y 2 z 7 . 46. 10 students were selected from a school on the
1 1 2 2 0 1
40. Use product 0 2 3 9 2 3 to
3 2 4 6 1 2 Honest and Law abiding students and the third
solve the system of equations: x y 2 z 1 ;
2 y 3z 1 ; 3x 2 y 4 z 2 .
2 3 10 4 6 5
41. Solve for x, y, z: 4 ; 1 ;
x y z x y z
6 9 20
2.
x y z
42. Using matrices, solve the following system of
linear equations: x y 2 z 7 ;
3 x 4 y 5 z 5 ; 2 x y 3 z 12 .
43. A school wants to award its students for the
values of Honesty, Regularity and Hard work
with a total cash award of ` 6,000. Three times
the award money for Hard work added to that
given for Honesty amounts to ` 11,000. The
award money given for Honesty and Hard
work together is double the one given for
Regularity. Represent the above situation
algebraically and find the award money for
each value, using matrix method. Apart from
these values, namely, Honesty, Regularity and
Hard work, suggest one more value which the
school must include for awards.
44. The management committee of a residential
colony decided to award some of its members
(say x) for Honesty, some (say y) for Helping
others and some others (say z) for Supervising
the workers to keep the colony neat and clean.
The sum of all the awardees is 12. Three times
the sum of awardees for Cooperation and
Supervision added to two times the number of
awardees for Honesty is 33. If the sum of the
number of awardees for Honesty and
Supervision is twice the number of awardees
for Helping others, using matrix method, find
the number of awardees of each category.
Apart from these values, namely, Honesty,
more value which the management of the
colony must include for awards.
3x x y x z
that x y 3y zy
xz yz 3z
3 x y z xy yz zx .
basis of values for giving awards and were
divided into three groups. The first group
comprises Hard workers, the second group has
group contains Vigilant and Obedient students.
Double the number of students of the first
group added to the number in the second group
gives 13, while the combined strength of first
and second group is four times that of the third
group. Using matrix method, find the number
of students in each group. Apart from the
values, Hard work, Honesty and Respect for
law, Vigilance and Obedience, suggest one
more value, which in your opinion, the school
should consider for awards.
47. Two institutions decided to award their
employees for the three values of
resourcefulness, competence and
determination in the form of prizes at the rate
of ` x, ` y, and ` z respectively per person. The
first institution decided to award respectively
4, 3 and 2 employees with a total prize money
of ` 37,000 and the second institution decided
to award respectively 5, 3 and 4 employees
with a total prize money of ` 47,000. If all the
three prizes per person together amount to `
12,000, then using matrix method find the
value of x, y and z. What values are described
in this question?
DETERMINANT
a11 a12 a13
48. Given determinant a21 a22 a23 . Find the
a31 a32 a33
value of a11 A21 a12 A22 a13 A23 where Aij is
cofactor of element aij .

Maths By BRIJESH PATEL Page 3

 REVIEW SHEET
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49. Using properties of determinants, prove that 59. Using the properties of determinants, prove
1 a bc 1 a a 2 a 2 2a 2 a 1 1
that 2a 1 a 2 1 a 1 .
3
1 b ca 1 b b 2 .
1 c ab 1 c c 2 3 3 1
50. Using properties of determinants, prove that 60. Using the properties of determinants, prove
a a 2 bc 1 a 2 a 3 x y z
b b 2 ca 1 b 2 b3 . that x
2
y2 z2
c c 2 ab 1 c 2 c3 yz zx x y
51. Using properties of determinants, prove that x y y z z x x y z .
0 pq pr 61. Using the properties of determinants, prove
q p 0 qr 0. 1 a 2 bc a 3
rp r q 0 that 1 b ca b Using the properties of
2 3

52. Using properties of determinants, prove that 1 c 2 ab c 3

sin cos cos determinants,
sin cos cos 0 . 62. prove that
sin cos cos a 2 1 ab ac
1 x x2 ab b 1 bc 1 a 2 b 2 c 2 .
2
1 1 1
53. If 1 y y and 1 yz
2
zx xy , then ca cb c2 1
1 z z2 x y z 63. Using the properties of determinants, prove
1 a 2 b2 2ab 2b
prove that 1 0 .
1 a2 b2
3

54. Using properties of determinants, prove that that 2ab 1 a b

2 2
2a
b2 c2 a2 a2 2b 2a 1 a2 b2
b2 c2 a2 b 2 4a 2b 2 c 2 or is 64. Using the properties of determinants, prove
c2 c2 a 2 b2 x y x x
that 5 x 4 y 4 x 2 x x .
3
perfect square.
10 x 8 y 8 x 3 x
55. Using properties of determinants, prove that
65. Using the properties of determinants, prove
a bc 2a 2a
1 x x2
a b c .
3
2b bca 2b
1 x 1 x3 .
2 2
that x
2c 2c ca b
x x2 1
56. Using properties of determinants, prove that
66. Using the properties of determinants, prove
a2 bc c 2 ac
a bx c dx p qx a c p
a 2 ab b2 ca 4a 2b 2 c 2 .
that ax b cx d px q 1 x 2 b d q .
ab b 2 bc c2
u v w u v w
57. Using properties of determinants, prove that
67. Using the properties of determinants, prove
bc a b
b c
2
ab ca
c a c a a b c a c .
2

a c 2abc a b c .
2 3
ab b c that ab bc
a b
2
58. Using the properties of determinants, prove ac bc
ab bc ca a b c
that b c c a a b 2 b c a .
ca ab bc c a b

Maths By BRIJESH PATEL Page 4

 REVIEW SHEET
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68. Using the properties of determinants, prove 76. Using the properties of determinants, prove
x x 2 1 px 3 3x x y x z
that y y 1 py that x y zy
2 3
3y
z z 2 1 pz 3 xz yz 3z
1 pxyz x y y z z x , where p is 3 x y z xy yz zx .
any scalar.
69. If a, b, c, are positive and unequal, show that 77. Using properties of determinants, prove that
a b c bc b 2 bc c 2 bc
c 2 ac ab bc ca .
3
the value of the determinant b c a is a 2 ac ac
c a b a 2 ab b 2 ab ab
negative. 78. Using properties of determinants, prove that
70. Using the properties of determinants, prove a bc cb
a bx 2 c dx 2 p qx 2 b d q ac b c a a b c a 2 b2 c 2 .
that ax b cx d px q x 1 a c p a b a b
2 2 2 4
c
u v w u v w 79. Using properties of determinants, prove that
. a b ax by
71. Using the properties of determinants, solve for b c bx cy
ax ax ax ax by bx cy 0
x, a x a x a x 0 .
ax ax ax
b 2
ac ax 2 2bxy cy 2 .
p b c
72. Using the properties of determinants, solve for
x 2 2 x 3 3x 4 80. If a q c 0 , find the value of
x, x 4 2 x 9 3 x 16 0 . a b r
x 8 2 x 27 3 x 64 p q r
, p a , q b, r c .
73. Using the properties of determinants, solve for p a q b r c
xa x x PROBABILITY
x, x xa x 0 ,a 0. (Conditional Probability)
x x xa 81. 2 integers are selected at random from integers
1 to 11. If the sum is even, find the probability
74. Prove without expanding that
that both the no.s are odd.
1 a 1 1
82. A die is thrown 3 times; the first throw is a
1 1 b 1 abc ab bc ca four, find the chance of getting 15 as the sum.
1 1 1 c 83. Given that the two no.s appearing on throwing
1 1 1 1 1 1 two dice are different. Find the probability of
abc 1 or 1 is a the even the sum of no.s on dice is 4.
a b c a b c
84. A coin is tossed 3 times, if head occurs on first
factor of determinant.
75. Using the properties of determinants, prove two tosses. Find the probability of getting head
x x y x 2y on third toss.
85. A die is thrown 3 times, find the probability
that x 2 y x x y 9 y2 x y .
that 4 appears on third toss it is given that 6
x y x 2y x and 5 appear respectively on first two tosses. A
die is rolled and the sum of the numbers
appearing on them is observed to be 7. What is
the conditional probability that the number 2
has appeared at least one?
Maths By BRIJESH PATEL Page 5
 REVIEW SHEET
(MATRICES, DETERMINATS AND PROBABILITY)
86. A black and red die are rolled. :
i. Find the probability of obtaining a sum
greater than q, given that the black die
resulted in a 5.
ii. Find the conditional probability of
obtaining the sum 8, given that the red die
resulted in a number less than 4.
87. 2 integers are selected at random from integers
1 to 11. If the sum is even, find the probability
that both numbers are odd.
88. Three distinguishable balls are distributed in
three cells. Find the conditional probability
that all the three occupy the same cell, given
that at least two of them are in the same cell.
89. A die is thrown twice and the sum of the
numbers appearing is observed to be 6. What is
the conditional probability that the number 4
has appeared at least once?
90. Two dice are thrown. Find the probability that
the numbers appeared has the sum 8, if it is
known that the second die always exhibits 4.
91. A pair of dice is thrown. Find the probability
of getting the sum 8 or more, if 4 appears on
the first die.
92. A die is rolled. If the outcome is an odd
number, what is the probability that it is prime.
(Multiplication theorem)
93. A bag contains 19 tickets numbered from 1 to
19. A ticket is drawn and then another ticket is
drawn without replacement. Find the
probability that both tickets will show even
numbers.
94. A bag contains n while and n red balls pairs of
balls are drawn without replacement until the
bag is empty. Show that the probability that
each pair consists of one white and one red ball
is 2n/2nCn.
95. Find the chance of drawing 2 white balls in
succession from a bag contain 5 red and 7
white balls, the ball first drawn not being
replaced.
96. From a deck of cards, 3 cards are drawn one by
one without replacement. Find the probability
that each time it is a card of spade.
97. A bag contains 25 tickets, numbered from 1
to 25. A ticket is drawn and then another
Maths By BRIJESH PATEL
ticket is drawn without replacement. Find the
probability that both tickets will show even
numbers.
98. From a pack of 52 cards, 2 are drawn one by
one without replacement. Find the
probability that both of them are kings.
99. From a deck of cards, 3 cards are drawn one
by one without replacement. Find the
probability that each time it is a card of
spade.
100. A bag contains 5 white, 7 red and 3 black
balls. If 3 balls are drawn one by one without
replacement, find the probability that none is
red.
101. Three cards are drawn successively without
replacement from a pack of 52 well shuffled
cards. What is the probability that first 2
cards are kings and 3 cards drawn is an ace?
(Independent events)
102. An unbiased die is thrown twice. Let the
event A be odd no. on the first throw and B
the event odd no. on second throw. Check
the independence of events A and B.
103. Three coins are tossed. Consider the event E
three heads or three tails, F at least two
heads and G at most two heads. Of the
pairs (E,F) , (F,G) and (F,G). Which are
independent? Which are dependent?
104. A fair coin and an unbiased die are tossed.
Let A be the event head appears on the coin
and B be the event 3 on the die. Check
weather A and B are independent event or
not.
105. In a 2 dice experiment, if A is the event of
getting the sum of the numbers on dice as 11
and B is the event of getting a number other
than 5 on the first die, find P (A and B). Are
A and B independent events?
106. A policeman fires four bullets on a dacoit.
The probability that the dacoit will be killed
by one bullet is 0.6. What is the probability
that the dacoit is still alive?
107. The odds against A solving a certain problem
are 4 to 3 and the odds in favor of B solving
the same problem are 7 to 5. Find the
probability that problem will be solved.
108. The probability that a teacher will give an
unannounced test during any class is 1/5. If a
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 REVIEW SHEET
(MATRICES, DETERMINATS AND PROBABILITY)
student is absent twice, what is the
probability that he will miss at least one test?
109. A machine operates if all of its three
components function. The probability that
the first component fails during the year is
0.14, the second component fails is 0.10 and
the third component fails is 0.05. What is the
probability that the machine will fail during
the year?
110. A scientist has to make a decision on each of
the two independent events I and II. Suppose
the probability of error in making decision
on event I is 0.02 and that on event II is 0.05.
Find the probability that the scientist will
make the correct decision on (i) Both the
events (ii) Only one event.
111. A combination lock on suitcase has 3 wheels
each labeled with nine digits from 1 to 9. If
an opening combination is a particular
sequence of 3 digits with no repeats, what is
the probability of a person guessing the right
combination?
112. Prove that in throwing a pair of dice, the
occurrence of the number 4 on the first are is
independent of the occurrence of 5 on the
second die.
113. An article manufactured by a company
consists of two parts X and Y. In the process
of manufacture of the part X, 9 out of 100
parts may be defective. Similarly out of 100
are likely to be defective in the manufacture
of part Y. Calculate the probability that the
assembled product will not be defective.
114. An auti-aircraft gun takes a maximum of 4
shots at an enemy plane moving away from
it. The probabilities of hitting the plane at the
first, second, third and fourth shot are 0.4,
0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 respectively. What is the
probability that the gun hits the plane.
115. Three critics review a book. Odds in favor of
the book are 5:2, 4:3 and 3:4 respectively for
three critics. Find the probability that the
majority are in favor of the book.
116. A speaks truth in 60% of the cases. In what
percentage of cases are they likely to
contradict each other in stating the same
fact?
117. A clerk was asked to mail three report cards
to three students. He addressed three
envelops but unfortunately paid no attention
Maths By BRIJESH PATEL
to which report card be put in which
envelope what is the probability that exactly
one of the students received his or her own
card?
(Total Probability)
118. Find the probability of drawing a one rupee
coin from a purse with two compartments
one of which contains 3 fifty-paisa coins and
2 one-rupee coins and other contains 2 fifty-
paisa coins and 3 one-rupee coins.
119. There are two bags, one of which contains 3
black and 4 white balls, while the other
contains 4 black and 3 white balls. A fair die
is cast if the face or 3 turns up, a ball is taken
from the first bag and if any other face turns
up a ball is chosen from the second bag. Find
the probability of choosing a black ball.
120. Suppose 5 men out of 100 and 25 women out
of 1000 are good orators. An orator is chosen
at random. Find the probability that a male
person is selected. Assume that there are
equal number of men and women.
121. In a class 5% of the boys and 10% of the
girls have an IQ of more than 150. In this
class 60% of the students are boys. If a
student is selected at random and found to
have an IQ of more than 150. Find the
probability that the student is a boy.
122. If a machine is correctly set up it produces
90% acceptable items. If it is incorrectly set
up it produces only 40% acceptable items.
Past experience shows that 80% of the setups
are correctly done. If after a certain setup, the
machine produces 2 acceptable items, find
the probability that the machine is correctly
set up.
123. For A, B and C, the chances of being
selected as the manager of a firm are in the
ratio 4:1:2 respectively. The respectively
probabilities for them to introduce a radical
change in marketing strategy are 0.3, 0.8 and
0.5. If the change does not take place, find
the probability that it is due to the
appointment of B or C.
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