1

PROFIT AND LOSS

NATIONALISED BANKS 6. A shopkeeper bought 30 kg. of wheat at the
& IBPS PO/MT/SO rate of Rs.45 per kg. He sold forty percent
1. Sri Ganesh bought 40 kgs of wheat at Rs. of the total quantity at the rate of Rs. 50
12.50 per kg and 25 kgs of it at Rs. 15.10 per kg. Approximately, at what price per
per kg. He mixed them together. At what kg. should he sell the remaining quantity
rate should he sell the mixture to earn 10% to make 25 per cent overall proflt ?
proflt ? (1) Rs. 54 (2) Rs. 52
(1) Rs. 13.50 (2) Rs. 13.25 (3) Rs. 50 (4) Rs. 60
(3) Rs. 14.75 (4) Rs. 14.85 (5) Rs. 56
(5) None of these (Allahabad Bank PO Exam. 21.02.2010)
(Syndicate Bank PO Exam. 10.10.2004) 7. Meenal purchased a car for Rs. 2,50,000
2. The proflt earned after selling an article for and sold it for Rs. 3,48,000. What is the
Rs. 1,516 is the same as loss incurred after per cent profit she made on the car ?
selling the article for Rs. 1,112. What is the (1) 40 (2) 39.2
cost price of the article ? (3) 38.4 (4) 38
(1) Rs. 1,314 (2) Rs. 1,343 (5) None of these
(3) Rs. 1,414 (4) Rs. 1,434 (Corporation Bank PO Exam.
(5) None of these 09.05.2010)
(Orientai Bank of Commerce 8. Rajni purchased a mobile phone and a
PO Exam. 21.12.2008) refrigerator for Rs. 12,000 and Rs. 10,000
3. The proflt earned after selling an article for respectively. She sold the refrigerator at a
Rs. 1,754 is the same as loss incurred after loss of 12 per cent and mobile phone at a
selling the article for Rs. 1,492. What is the proflt of 8 per cent. What is her overall loss/
cost price of the article ? profit ?
(1) Rs. 1,623 (2) Rs. 1,523 (1) Loss of Rs. 280
(3) Rs. 1,689 (4) Rs. 1,589 (2) Profit of Rs. 2,160
(5) None of these (3) Loss of Rs. 240
(Canara Bank PO Exam. 15.03.2009) (4) Profit of Rs.2,060
4. Giridhar purchased 100 sarees @ Rs. 450 (5) None of these
per piece. While selling he offered 10% (Punjab & Sind Bank
discount on the labelled price and earned PO Exam. 16.05.2010)
a proflt of 20% . What was the labelled price 9. A shopkeeper sells notebooks at the rate of
of each saree ? Rs. 45 each and earns a commission of 4% .
(1) Rs. 540 (2) Rs. 650 He also sells pencil box at the rate of Rs.
(3) Rs. 590 (4) Rs. 600 80 each and earns a commission of 20% .
(5) None of these How much amount of commission will he
(PNB Specialist Officers earn in two weeks if he sells 10 notebooks
Exam. 16.08.2009) and 6 pencil boxes a day ?
5. Vinod makes a proflt of Rs. 110 if he sells a (1) Rs. 1,956 (2) Rs. 1,586
certain number of pencils he has at the (3) Rs. 1,496 (4) Rs. 1,596
price of Rs. 2.5 per pencil and incurs a loss (5) None of these
of Rs. 55 if he sells the same n umbe r of (Central Bank Of India
pencils for Rs. 1.75 per pencil. How many PO Exam. 25.07.2010)
pencils does Vinod have ? 10. A man sold a wristwatch for Rs. 2,400 at a
(1) 220 loss of twenty five percent. At what rate
(2) 240 should he have sold the wristwatch to earn
(3) 200 a proflt of twenty five per cent ?
(4) Cannot be determined (1) Rs. 3,600
(5) None of these (2) Rs. 4,000
(Indian Bank Rural Marketing (3) Rs. 3,500
Officer Exam. 03.01.2010) (4) Rs. 3,800
(5) None of these
(Bank Of India PO Exam. 31.10.2010)

LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)

 2
11. What profit/loss per cent did Ravi earn if sold it at a gain of 12 percent. What was
he purchased an item of Rs 5,600 and sold her overall gain/loss ?
it at three-fourth of its cost price ? (1) Loss of Rs 662.40
(1) Loss of 20 per cent (2) Profit of Rs 662.40
(2) Gain of 25 per cent (3) Loss of Rs 642.80
(3) Neither gain nor loss (4) Profit of Rs 642.80
(4) Loss of 15 per cent (5) None of these
(5) None of these (Allahabad Bank PO Exam. 17.04.2011)
(Orientai Bank Of Commerce 17. An article was purchased for Rs 78,350. Its
PO Exam. 26.12.2010 (Ist Sitting) price was marked up by 30% . It was sold
12. Prasad sold his work tools for Rs 1,850 and at a discount of 20% on the marked up
earned a profit of 25 per cent. At what price price. What was the profit percent on the
did Prasad buy the work tools ? cost price ?
(1) Rs 1,360 (2) Rs 1,300 (1) 4 (2) 7
(3) Rs 1,240 (4) Rs 1,480 (3) 5 (4) 3
(5) None of these (5) 6
(Indian Bank PO Exam. 02.01.2011) (IBPS Bank PO/MT CWE 17.06.2012)
13. Rehaan purchased a bike for Rs 54,000. He 18. A man sells calculator at the rate of Rs 250
sold it at a loss of 8 per cent. With that each which includes a profit of 14 per cent.
money he again purchased another bike What amount of profit will he eam in 19
and sold it at a proflt of 10 per cent. What days if he sells seven calculators per day ?
is his overall loss/profit ? (1) Rs 4665 (2) Rs 4565
(1) Loss of Rs 657 (3) Rs 4545 (4) Rs 4655
(2) Profit of Rs 567 (5) None of these
(3) Loss of Rs 648 (IDBI Bank Officer Exam. 16.09.2012)
(4) Profit of Rs 648 19. Manish bought 25 kg of rice at Rs. 32 per
(5) None of these kg and 15 kg of rice at Rs. 36 per kg. What
(Corporation Bank PO profit did he get when he mixed the two
Exam. 16.01.2011) varieties together and sold it at Rs. 40.20
14. Meera purchased an item for Rs 62,000 and per kg ?
sold it at loss of 25 percent. With that (1) 25% (2) 40%
amount she purchased another item and (3) 30% (4) 20%
sold it at a gain of 30 percent. What was (5) None of these
her overall gain/loss ? 20. A shopkeeper sells two watches for Rs. 308
(1) Los of Rs 560 each. On one he gets 12% proflt and on
(2) Profit of Rs 1560 the other 12% loss. His profit or loss in
(3) Loss of Rs 1550 the entire transaction was
(4) Profit of Rs 1550
11
(5) None of these (1) 1 % loss
(UCO Bank PO Exam. 30.01.2011) 25
15. Seema purchased an item for Rs 9,600 and 11
sold it for a loss of 5 percent. From that (2) 1 % gain
25
money she purchased another item and
sold it for a gain of 5 percent. What is her 2
overall gain/loss ? (3) 3 % loss
25
(1) Loss of Rs 36
(2) Profit of Rs 24 2
(4) 3 % gain
(3) Loss of Rs 54 25
(4) Profit of Rs 36 (5) None of these
(5) None of these (IBPS Bank PO/MT
(Bank Of Baroda PO Exam. 13.03.2011) CWE-III 26.10.2013)
16. Kamya purchased an item of Rs 46,000 and 21. An article was sold for Rs. 5220 at a loss of
sold it at a loss of 12 percent. With that 42% of the cost price. What will be the selling
amount she purchased another item and price of the article for a proflt of 42% ?
(1) Rs. 12580 (2) Rs. 17280

LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)

 3
(3) Rs. 12780 (4) Rs. 15280 5. A trader sells 145 metres of cloths for Rs.
(5) None of these 12,325 at the profit of Rs. 10 per metre of
(Corporation Bank Specialist Officer cloth. What is cost price of 1 metre of cloth ?
(Marketing) Exam. 22.12.2014) (1) Rs. 65 (2) Rs. 75
(3) Rs. 95 (4) Rs. 85
SBI PO EXAMS (5) None of these
1. Mr. X, a businessman had the income in (SBI PO Preliminary (Tire-I) Exam.
the year 1995, such that he earned a proflt 27.04.2008)
of 20% on his investment in the business. 6. The profit earned after selling an article for
In the year 1996 his investment was less Rs. 878 is the same as loss incurred after
by Rs. 5,000 but still had the same income selling the article for Rs. 636. What is the
(Income = Investment + Profit) as that in cost price of the article ?
1995. Thus the per cent profit earned in (1) Rs. 797 (2) Rs. 787
1996 increased by 6% . What was his (3) Rs. 767 (4) Rs. 757
investment in 1995 ? (5) None of these
(1) Rs. 1,02,000 (SBI PO Preliminary
(2) Rs. 1,50,500 (Tire-I Exam. 27.07.20O8)
(3) Rs. 1,05,000 7. The value of machine depreciates at the rate
(4) Data inadequate of 12 per cent per annum. It was purchased
(5) None of these three years ago. Its present value is Rs.
(SBI Banks PO Exam. 11.02.2001) 29644.032, what was the purchase price
2. Mr. Shivkumar started a businees investing of the machine ?
Rs. 25,000 in 1996. In 1997 he invested an (1) Rs. 48700 (2) Rs. 43500
additional amount of Rs. 10,000 and Mr. (3) Rs. 38900 (4) Rs. 39000
Rakesh joined him with an amount of Rs. (5) None of these
35,000. In 1998 Mr. Shivkumar invested (SBI PO Preliminary (Tire-I)
another additional amount of Rs. 10,000 Exam. 27.07.2008)
and Mr. Suresh joined them with an 8. Proflt e arne d by an o rg an izatio n is
amoun t of Rs. 35,000. Wh at wi ll be distributed among officers and clerks in the
Rakeshs share in the profit of Rs. 1,50,000 ratio of 5 : 3 respectively. If the number of
earned at the end of three years from the officers is 45 and the number of clerks is
start of the business in 1996 ? 80 and the amount received by each officer
(1) Rs. 70,000 (2) Rs. 50,000 is Rs 25,000, what was the total amount of
(3) Rs. 45,000 (4) Rs. 75,000 proflt earned ?
(5) None of these (1) Rs 22 lakhs
(SBI Banks PO Exam. 11.02.2001) (2) Rs 18.25 lakhs
3. If on selling 12 notebook any seller makes (3) Rs 18 lakhs
a profit equal to the selling price of 4 (4) Rs 23.25 lakhs
notebooks. What is his per cent profit ? (5) None of these
(1) 50 (2) 25 (SBI Associate Banks
PO Exam. 07.08.2011)
2 9. A shopkeeper labelled the price of his
(3) 16 (4) Data inadequate
3 articles so as to earn a profit of 30% on the
(5) None of these cost price. He then sold the articles by
(SBI PO Exam. 26.11.2006) offering a discount of 10% on the labelled
4. The proflt after selling a pair trousers for price. What is the actual percent profit
Rs. 863 is the same as the loss incurred after earned in the deal ?
selling the same pair of trousers for Rs.631. (1) 18%
What is the cost price of the pair of trousers ? (2) 15%
(1) Rs. 750 (3) 20%
(2) Rs. 800 (4) Cannot be determined
(3) Rs. 763 (5) None of these
(4) Cannot be determined (SBI Associate Banks
(5) None of these PO Exam. 07.08.2011)
(SBI PO Preliminary
(Tire-I) Exam. 27.04.2008)
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 4
INSURANCE EXAMS (3) Rs. 550 (4) Rs. 600
1. If a shirt costing Rs. 385 is sold at a loss of (New India Assurance AO
5% of the cost price, flnd the selling price. Exam. 25.10.2009)
(1) Rs. 364 (2) Rs. 364.74 7. A vendor sells calculators at the rate of Rs
(3) Rs. 365 (4) Rs. 365.75 250 each and eams a commission of 20%
(United India Insurance Co. on each. He also sells pens at the rate of Rs
AAO Exam. 21.04.2002) 50 each and earns a commission of 10%
2. If the cost price of 24 articles is equal to on each. How much amount of commission
the selling price of 21 articles, what is the will he earn in three days if he sells 10
percentage gain or loss ? calcula-tors and 5 pens a day ?
(1) Rs 1,575 (2) Rs 1,445
2 (3) Rs 1,550 (4) Rs 1,450
(1) 14 % gain
7 (5) None of these
2 (United India Insurance
(2) 14 % loss AO Exam. 27.03.2011)
7
8. A person bought 864 articles and sold 800
(3) 12.5% loss of them for the price he paid for 864 articles.
(4) 12.5% gain He sold the remaining articles at the same
(United India Insurance Co. price per article as the other 800. The
AAO Exam. 21.04.2002) percentage gain on the entire transaction
3. A merchant has 1000 kg of sugar, part of is
which he sells at 8% proflt and the rest at (1) 7.5% (2) 8%
18% profit. He gains 14% on the whole. (3) 8.5% (4) 9%
The quantity (in kg.) sold at 18% profit is : (New India Insurance AAO
(1) 560 (2) 600 Exam. 22.05.2011)
(3) 400 (4) 640 9. The currencies in countries M and N are
(United India Insurance Co. denoted by m and n respectively. The
(AAO) Exam. 11.03.2007) exchange rate in 1990 was l m, 0.6 n the
4. A shopkeeper sold a T.V. set for Rs 17,940/ price level in 2006 in M and N are 150 and
-, with a discount of 8% and gained 19.6% 400 respectively with 1990 as a base of 100.
If no discount is allowed, what will be his The exchange rate in 2006 based solely on
gain per cent ? the purchasing power parity consideration
(1) 25% is 1 m :
(2) 26.4% (1) 0.225 n (2) 0.625 n
(3) 24.8% (3) 1.6 n (4) 3.6 n
(4) Cannot be determined (General Insurance Corporation
(5) None of these AAO Exam. 11.12.2011)
(LIC Assistant Administrative 10. Prof. Chatterjee bought a car and got 15%
Offlcer Exam. 2008) of its original price as a dealers discount.
5. The income of a broker remains unchanged He then sold it at 20% profit on his
though the rate of commission is increased purchase price. What percentage profit did
from 4 per ce nt to 5 per cen t. The he get on the original price ?
percentage of slump in business is : (1) 2% (2) 12%
(1) 10 per cent (3) 5% (4) 17%
(2) 15 per cent (General Insurance Corporation
(3) 20 per cent AAO Exam. 11.12.2011)
(4) 30 per cent 11. Cost of 4 fans and 3 blowers is Rs 16,500.
(LIC Assistant Administrative Also cost of 2 fans, 2 tables and 2 blowers
Offlcer (AAO) Exam. 07.06.2009) is Rs 12,000. Cost of one table is Rs 1,000.
6. A watch is sold at a proflt of 20% . If both What is the cost of 3 fans and one blower ?
the cost price and the selling price of the (1) Rs 8,000
watch are decreased by Rs. 100, the profit (2) Rs 7,500
would be 5% more. Originai cost price of (3) Rs 8,500
the watch is (4) Cannot be determined
(1) Rs. 450 (2) Rs. 500 (5) None of these

LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)

 5
(United India Insurance AO 15. By selling a table for Rs. 350 instead of Rs.
Exam. 27.03.2011) 400, loss percent increases by 5% . The cost
12. By selling 18 chocolates, a vendor loses the price of the table is:
selling price of 2 chocolates. Find his loss (1) Rs. 435 (2) Rs. 417.50
percent. (3) Rs. 1000 (4) Rs. 1050
(1) 9% (2) 10% (NICL (GIC) Administrative
(3) 11% (4) 12% Officer Exam. 15.12.2013)
(United India Insurance 16. Ram bought 1600 eggs at Rs. 3.75 per
AAO Exam. 03.06.2012) dozen. He sold 900 of them at 2 for Re 1
13. The profit earned after selling an article for and the remaining at 5 for Rs. 2. His gain
Rs. 1,516 is the same as loss incurred after per cent is :
selling the article for Rs. 1,112. What is the (1) 40% (2) 45%
cost price of the article ? (3) 42% (4) 46%
(1) Rs. 1,314 (2) Rs. 1,343 (NICL (GIC) AO (Finance)
(3) Rs. 1,414 (4) Rs. 1,434 Exam. 15.12.2013)
(5) None of these 17. If the man ufacturer g ain s 10% , the
(United India Insurance AO Wholesale dealer 15% and the retailer 25% ,
Exam. 26.05.2013 then the cost of production of an article
14. If the cost price of 15 articles is equal to whose retail price is Rs 1265, is:
the selling price of 12 articles, find gain per (1) Rs. 632.50 (2) Rs. 800
cent. (3) Rs. 814 (4) Rs. 834.34
(1) 20 (2) 25 (NICL (GIC) AO (Finance) Exam.
(3) 18 . (4) 21 15.12.2013)
(NICL (GIC) AO Exam.
08.09.2013 (Paper-I)

LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)

 6
SHORT ANSWERS 2628
NATIONALISED BANKS x= = Rs. 1314
2
& IBPS PO/MT/SO 3. (1) Let the CP of the article be Rs. x
1. (4) 2. (1) According to the question,
3. (1) 4. (4) 1754 - x = x - 1492
5. (1) 6. (4) 2x = 1754 + 1492 = 3246
7. (2) 8. (3)
9. (5) 10. (2) 3246
x = = Rs. 1623
11. (5) 12. (4) 2
13 (4) 14. (3) 4. (4) Let the labelled price of each sari be Rs.
15. (5) 16. (1) x.
17. (1) 18. (5) According to the question,
19. (4) 20. (1)
120 450
21. (3) 90% of x =
100
SBI PO EXAMS _ 90 x 120 450
1. (3) 2. (2) =
100 100
3. (1) 4. (5)
5. (2) 6. (4) 120 450
x= = Rs. 600
7. (2) 8. (4) 90
9. (5) 5. (1) Let Vinod have x pencils.
2.5 x - 1.75 x = 110 + 55
INSURANCE EXAMS 0.75 x = 165
1. (4) 2. (1)
165
3. (2) 4. (5) x= = Rs 220
5. (3) 6. (2) 0.75
7. (1) 8. (2) 6. (4) Cost price of 30 kg of wheat
9. (1) 10. (1) = 30 45
11. (1) 12. (2) = Rs. 1350
13. (1) 14. (2) Total SP for an overall profit of
15. (3) 16. (4) 1350 125
17. (2) 25% = = Rs 1687.5
100
30 40
EXPLANATIONS Sp of = 12 kg of wheat
100
NATIONALISED BANKS
& IBPS PO/MT/SO = 12 50 = Rs. 600
1. (4) Total weight of the mixture Expected SP of 18kg of remaining wheat
= 40 + 25 = 65 kg = 1687.5 - 600 = Rs. 1087.5
Total cost price of wheat Required selling price per kg
= Rs. (40 x 12.50 + 25 15.10) 1087.5
= Rs. (500 + 377.50) = Rs. 877.50 = Rs. 60
18
Total selling price of wheat
7. (2) Tricky Approach
877.50 110 Gain per cent
= Rs.
100
348000 250000
= Rs. 965.25 = 100
250000
965.25 = 39.2%
SP per kg = Rs. 65 8. (3) Total CP
= Rs. 14.85 = Rs. (12000 + 10000) = Rs. 22000
2. (1) Let the cost price of the artice be Rs. x. 12000 108 10000 88
According to the question, Total S.P. =
100 100
1516 - x = x - 1112
2x = 1516 + 1112 = 2628 = Rs. (12960 + 8800) = Rs. 21760
Loss = Rs. (22000 - 21760) = Rs. 240
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 7
9. (5) Required amount of commission 40480 112
Second S.P. = = Rs. 45337.6
10 45 4 80 20 6 100
= Rs.
100 100 Loss = Rs. (46000 - 45337.6) = Rs. 662.4
= Rs. (18 + 96) = Rs. 114 17. (1) Gain per cent
10. (2) CP. of wristwatch 30 20
100 = 30 20 % = 4%
100
= S.P
100 loss% 18. (5) Profit on one calculator
100 14
= Rs. 2400 = Rs. 250
75 114
= Rs. 3200 7 19 250 14
Required S.P. of wristwatch Total profit = = Rs. 4083.33
114
125 19. (4) CP. of 40 kg of mixture
= Rs. 3200
100 = Rs [(25 32) + (15 36)]
= Rs. 4000 = Rs (800 + 540) = Rs 1340
S.P. of 40 kg of mixture
3 = Rs (40 40.2) = Rs 1608
11. (5) S.P. = 5600
4 Profit = Rs (1608 - 1340) = Rs 268
= Rs. 4200
Loss = 5600 - 4200 268
Profit % = 100 = 20%
= Rs. 1400 1340
Loss percentage 20. (1) Loss per cent
2
Loss Common gain or less
= Cost price 100 = %
10
2
1400 12 36 11
= 100 = 25% = % = %= 1 %
5600 10
25 25
100 21. (3) CP. of article
12. (4) CP = 100 Profit per cent S.P
100 5220 100
= 5220 100 42 = = Rs. 9000
100 58
= 1850 = Rs. 1480
125 9000 142
Required S.P. = 100
= Rs 12780
54000 92
13. (4) First S.P. = = Rs 49680
100
SBI PO EXAMS
110
Second SP = 49680 = Rs 54648 1. (3) Let the investment in 1995 be Rs. x
100
Income in 1995 with 20% profit = 1.20x
Profit = 54648 - 54000 = Rs 648 Also the income in 1996 = 1.20x
14. (3) Last selling price Investment in 1996 = Rs. (x - 5000)
75 130 Profit in 1996 = (20 + 6)% = 26%
= 62000 = Rs. 60450 Income in 1996 with 26% profit
100 100
= 1.26 (x - 5000)
Loss = Rs. (62000 - 60450) = Rs. 1550
1.26 (x - 5000) = 1.20x
9600 95 0.06 x = 1.26 5000
15. (5) First S.P. = = 9120
100
6300
9120 105 x=
0.06
Second S.P. = = Rs. 9576
100 x = Rs. 105000
Loss = Rs. (9600 - 9576) = Rs. 24 2. (2) Shivkumars equivalent capital
= (25000 3) + (10000 2) + (10000 1)
46000 88
16. (1) First S.P. = = Rs. 40480 = 105000
100 Rakeshs equivalent capital
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 8
= 35000 2 = 70000 = Rs. 117
Sureshs equivalent capital Actual gain per cent = 17
= 35000 1 = 35000
Total profit of Rs. 150000 will be distributed INSURANCE EXAMS
in the ratio of theii equivalent capitate. 1. (4) Required answer
Shivkumar : Rakesh : Suresh
= 105 : 70 : 35 = 3 : 2 : 1 95
= 385 = Rs. 365.75
Rakeshs share in the total profit 100
2 2. (1) Percentage gain
= 150000 = Rs. 50000 24 21 100
3 2 1
= 100 = %
3. (1) Profit = Selling price of 4 notebooks cost 21 7
price = selling price of(12 - 8) = 4 notebooks. 2
4 = 14 %
7
% proflt = 100 = 50
8 3. (2)
4. (5) Let the cost price of the trouser be Rs. Profit on first part Profit on second part
x.
According to the question,
863 - x = x - 631
2x = 863 + 631 = 1494
1494
x= = Rs. 747
2
5. (2) Cost price of 145m long cloth Ratio of first and second parts
= Rs. (12325 - 145 10) = Rs. 10875 = 4 :6 = 2 :3
Quantity of 2nd part
10875
CP of 1 metre long cloth = 145 = Rs. 75 3
= 1000 kg = 600 kg
6. (4) let the CP. of the article be Rs. x. 5
According to the question, 4. (5) If Rs. 92 is the S.P., the Marked Price
878 - x = x - 636 is Rs. 100.
2x = 878 + 636 = 1514 If Rs. 17,940 is the S.P., the Marked Price
1514 100
x= = Rs. 757 = 17940 =Rs. 19,500
2 92
3
Now, Cost Price
12
7. (2) 29644.032 = P 1 100
100 =17940
100 19.6
29644.032 = P (0.88)3
100
29644.032 = 17940 = Rs. 15,000
P= = Rs. 43500 119.6
0.88 0.88 0.88
If there is no discount,
8. (4) Profit received by each officer
S.P. = Rs. 19,500
= Rs. 25000
Proflt received by each clerk 3 19,500 15000
% Profit = 15000
100
3
= 25000 = Rs. 15000
5 4500
= 100 = 30%
Total earned profit 15000
= Rs. (45 25000 + 80 15000) 5. (3) Let the business value changes from Rs.
= Rs. (1125000 + 1200000) = Rs. 23.25 lakh x to Rs. y.
9. (5) Let the cost price of the article be Rs. 4% of x = 5% of y
100.
4x 5 y
Marked price = Rs.130 =
100 100
130 90
S.P. of the article = 100

LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)

 9
4 4x + 3y = 16500 (i)
y= x 2x + 2y + 2 1000 = 12000
5
2x + 2y = 12000 - 2000
Change in business
= 10000
4 x x + y = 5000 (ii)
= x x = Equation (ii) 4 - (i),
5 5
y = 20000 - 16500 = 3500
Percentage slump in business
x = 5000 - 3500 = 1500
x 1 3x + y = 3 1500 + 3500
= 100 = 20%
5 x = Rs. 8000
6. (2) Let the CP of the watch be Rs. x 12. (2) If the S.P. of 1 chocolate be Re. 1, then,
120 x 6x S.P. of 18 chocolates = Rs. 18
First SP = = Rs. C.P. = 18 + 2 = Rs. 20
100 5
Case II, 2
Loss percent = 100 = 10%
CP = Rs. (x - 100) 20
13. (1) Let the cost price of the artice be Rs. x.
6x
SP = Rs. 100 According to the question,
5 1516 - x = x - 1112
6x x 2x = 1516 + 1112 = 2628
Profit = x = Rs.
5 5
2628
x x = = Rs. 1314
2
5 100
x 100 = 25 14. (2) Gain percent
15 12
25x - 2500 = 20x = 12 100 = 25%
= 5x = 2500
15. (3) If the C.P. of table be Rs. x,
2500
x= = Rs. 500 then
5
400 350
7. (1) Commission on 1 calculator 100 = 5
x
250 20
= = Rs. 50 50 100 = 5x
100
x = Rs. 1000
Commission on 1 pen 16. (4) C.P. of 12 eggs = Rs. 3.75
50 10 C.P. of 1600 eggs
= = Rs. 5
100 3.75 1600
Required amount of commissior = = Rs. 500
12
= Rs. 3 (10 50 + 5 5) = Rs. 1575
8. (2) Profit percent 1
S.P. of 900 eggs = 900 = Rs. 450
2
64
= 100 = 8% S.P. of remaining 700 eggs
800
2
1m 0.6 n = 700 = Rs. 280
9. (1) = 5
150 400 Total S.P. = 450 + 280 = Rs. 730
0.6 Gain = 730 - 500 = Rs. 230
1m = 150n = 0.225n
400 230
10. (1) Gain percent Gain per cent = 100 = 46%
500
20 15 17. (2) C.P. of article
= 20 15 % = 2%
100 100 100 100
= 1265
11. (1) Let C.P. of 1 fan = Rs. x 110 115 125
CP of 1 blower = Rs. y = Rs. 800
CP of 1 table = Rs. 1000
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 10
MODEL EXERCISES
1. By selling 12 marbles for a rupee, a pay Rs 2568, inclusive of sales tax. Find
shopkeeper loses 20% . In order to gain 20% the reduction needed in the price of the
in the transaction, he should sell the radio.
marbles at the rate of how many marbles (1) Rs 179.76 (2) Rs 170
for a rupee ? (3) Rs 168 (4) Rs 169
(1) 8 (2) 6 (5) None of these
(3) 4 (4) 3 8. A bought 4 bottles of beer and B bought
(5) None of these one bottle of lager, lager per bottle costing
2. In a certain store, the profit is 320% of the twice that of the beer. C bought nothing
cost. If the cost increase by 25% but the but paid Rs 50, for his share of the drink
selling price remains Constant, approxi- which they mixed together and shared
mately what percentage of the selling price equally. If Cs Rs 50 covered his share, then
is the profit ? what is the cost of the lager ?
(1) 30% (2) 70% (1) Rs 50 (2) Rs 75
(3) 100% (4) 250% (3) Rs 30 (4) Rs 46
(5) None of these (5) Noncof these
3. A horse and a carriage together cost Rs
1
8000. If by selling the horse at a profit of 9. Ravi sells an article at a gain of 12 % . if
10% and the carriage at a loss of 10% a 2
total profit of 2.5% is made, then what is he had sold it at Rs 22.50 more, he would
the cost price of the horse ? gained 25% . The cost price of the article is
(1) Rs 3000 (2) Rs 3500 (1) Rs 162 (2) Rs 140
(3) Rs 4000 (4) Rs 5000 (3) Rs 196 (4) Rs 180
(5) None of these (5) None of these
4. A piece of cloth costs Rs 35. If the length of 10. The sale price of an article including the
the piece would have been 4 m longer and sales tax is Rs 616. The rate of sales tax is
each metre costs Rs 1 less, the cost would 10% . If the shopkeeper has made a profit
have remained unchanged. How long is the of 12% , then the cost price of the article is
piece ? (1) Rs 500 (2) Rs 515
(1) 14 m (2) 10 m (3) Rs 550 (4) Rs 600
(3) 12 m (4) 9 m (5) None of these
(5) None of these 11. A reduction of 20% in the price of sugar
5. A house costs C rupees. Later it was sold 1
for a profit of 25% . What is the capital gains enables a purchaser to obtain 2 kg more
2
tax if it is 50% ofthe profit? for Rs 160. Find the original price per kg of
C C sugar.
(1) (2) (1) Rs 12 (2) Rs 15
24 8
(3) Rs 16 (4) Rs 18
C C (5) None of these
(3) (4)
4 2 12. If the cost of 12 pencils is equal to the
(5) None of these selling price of 10 pencils, the profit per cent
6. If selling price is doubled, the profit triples. in the transactions is
Find the profit per cent. 2
(1) 16 % (2) 18%
2 3
(1) 66 % (2) 100%
3 (3) 20% (4) 25%
(5) None of these
1
(3) 105 % (4) 120% 13. Two motor cars were sold for Rs 9900 each,
3 gaining 10% on one and losing 10% on the
(5) None of these other. The gain or loss per cent in the whole
7. Vishal goes to a shop to buy a radio costing transaction is
Rs 2568. The rate of sales tax is 7% . He (1) neither loss no gain
tells the shopkeeper to reduce the price of (2) 1% gain
the radio to such an extent that he has to
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 11
much does he gain or loss ?
100
(3) % profit (1) Loss Rs 48 (2) Gain Rs 48
99 (3) Loss Rs 132 (4) Gain Rs 132
(4) 1% loss (5) None of these
(5) None of these 21. A video magazine distributor made 3500
14. By selling 33 m of cloth, a shopkeeper gains copies of the March issue of the magazine
the price of 11 m of cloth. His gain per cent at a cost of Rs 350000. He gave 500
is : cassettes free to some key video libraries.
(1) 7% (2) 50% He also allowed a 25% discount on the
(3) 20% (4) 22% market price of the cassette and gave one
(5) None of these extra cassette free with every 29 cassettes
15. On selling a pen at 5% loss and a book at bought at a time. In this manner, he was
15% gain, Karim gains Rs 7. If he sells the able to sell all the 3500 cassettes that were
pen at 5% gain and the book at 10% gain, produced. If the market price of a cassette
the he gains Rs 13. The actual price of the was Rs150, then what is his gain or loss
book is per cent for the March issue of video
(1) Rs 100 (2) Rs 80 magazine ?
(3) Rs 10 (4) Rs 400 (1) 25% loss (2) 10% gain
(5) None of these (3) 40% gain (4) 6.8% loss
16. My friend collects antique stamps. She (5) None of these
purchased two, but found that she needed 22. A firm of ready made garments makes both
to raise money urgently So, she sold them mens and womens shirts. Its average profit
for Rs 8000 each. On one she made 20% is 6% of the sales. Its profit in mens shirts
profit and on the others she lost 20% . How average 8% of the sales and womens shirts
much did she gain or loss in the entire comprise 60% of the output. The average
transaction ? proflt per sales rupee in womens shirts is :
(1) No loss/profit (1) 0.0466 (2) 0.0666
(2) Rs 667 loss (3) 0.0166 (4) 0.0669
(3) Rs 667 profit (5) None of these
(4) Rs 658 profit 23. A manufacturer of a certain item can sell
(5) None of these all he can produce at the selling price of Rs
17. A man sells an article at 5% profit. If he 60 each. If costs him Rs 40 in materials
had bought it at 5% less and sold it for Rs and labour to produce each item and he
1 less, he would have gained 10% . The cost has overhead expenses of Rs 3000 per week
price of the article is in order to operate that plant. The number
(1) Rs 200 (2) Rs 150 of units he should produce and sell in order
(3) Rs 250 (4) Rs 240 to make a profit of at least 1000 per week
(5) None of these is
18. A dairyman pays Rs 6.4 per litre of milk. (1) 250 (2) 300
He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs (3) 400 (4) 200
8 per litre, thereby making 37.5% profit. (5) None of these
The proportion of water to milk received by 24. If the selling price of a product is increased
the customers is by 162, then the business would make a
(1) 1 : 15 (2) 1 : 10 proflt of 17% instead of a loss of 19% . What
(3) 1 : 20 (4) 1 : 20 is the cost price of the product ?
(5) None of these (1) Rs 540 (2) Rs 450
19. The cost price of 20 articles is the same as (3) Rs 360 (4) Rs 600
the selling price of x articles. If the profit is (5) None of these
25% , then the value of x is
(1) 25 (2) 18 15
25. Sita buys a fridge at of its original value
(3) 16 (4) 15 16
(5) None of these and sells it for 10% more than its value.
20. A person had deposited Rs 13200 in a bank Then, gain per cent is
which pays 14% interest. He withdraws the (1) 15.55 (2) 11.67
money and invests in Rs 100 stock at Rs (3) 16.67 (4) None of these
110 which pays a dividend of 15% . How (5) 16.59
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 12
SHORT ANSWERS Cost price of house = Rs C
1. (1) 2. (2) C
3. (4) 4. (2) Profit = 25% of C =
4
5. (2) 6. (2)
7. (3) 8. (1) C C
Capital gain tax = 5% of = Rs
9. (4) 10. (1) 4 8
11. (3) 12. (3) 6. (2) Let CP be x and SP be y.
13. (4) 14. (2) Then, profit = (y - x)
15. (2) 16. (2) If SP = 2y, then profit = 3(y - x)
17. (1) 18. (2) Given 2y - x = 3(y - x)
19. (3) 20. (1)
y = 2x
21. (4) 22. (1)
Profit is 100%
23. (4) 24. (2)
7. (3) Let reduced price of the radio be Rs x.
25. (4)
x + 7% of x = 2568
EXPLANATIONS 7x
x+ = 2568
1. (1) According to the question, 100
SP of 12 marbles = Rs 1, loss = 20%
256800
CP of 12 marbles x= x = 2400
107
1
= Rs = Rs 1.25 Reduction needed in the price of radio
0.8 = (2568 - 2400) = Rs 168
Now, SP of 12 marbles at a gain of 20% 8. (1) According to the question,
CP 1.2 = 1.25 1.2 = Rs 1.5 Total amount spent by them = Rs 150
It means in order to gain 20% , he should Let the cost of one beer be x, then the cost
sell 12 marbles for Rs. 5 Or for Rs 1, he of one lager will be 2x.
12 Total money spent on beer and larger
should sell = 8 marbles = (4x + 2x)
1.5
2. (5) Let the original cost price be Rs 100. 150
6x = 150 x = = 25
Then, profit = Rs 320 and SP = Rs 420 6
New CP = Rs 125 The cost of the larger = 25 2 = 50
New profit = Rs 295 9. (4) Let the CP of the article be Rs 100.
Required percentage
1
295 SP atagain of 12 %
2
= 100 = 70.23%
420 = 100 1.125 = Rs 112.50
3. (4) Let the CP of horse be Rs x. SP at a gain of 25% = Rs 125
then CP of carriage would be Rs (8000 -x) If SP is Rs 12.5 more than CP = 100
SP of horse = 1.1x If SP Rs 22.50 more than CP
SP of carriage = 0.9 (8000 - x)
100
1.1x 0.9 (8000 - x) = 22.5 = Rs 180
= 8000 1.025 = 8200 12.5
1.1x + 7200 - 0.9x = 8200 10. (1) Let the CP of the article be Rs x
0.2x = 1000 Then, SP = x 1.12 1.1
Given, x 1.12 1.1 = 616
x = Rs 5000
4. (2) Let the length of the piece be x m 616
Cost of price = Rs 35 x= = Rs 500
1.232
35 11. (3) According to question purchasing
Then, price per metre = Rs capacity = Rs 160
x
A reduction of 20% means, now a person
35 5
(x + 4) x 1 = 35 gets kg for Rs 32 and this is the present
2
x = 10 m [from Eq. (i)] price of that commodity.
5. (2) According to the question,
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 13
y = Rs 80
32
Present price per kg = 2 16. (5) According to the question,
5 CP of stamp sold at a profit of 20%
= Rs 12.8
Let the originai price be Rs x, then new price 80000 20000
= = = 6666.66
is arrived after reduction 20% of it. 12 3
x 0.8 = 12.8 x = Rs 16 CP of stamp sold at a loss cf 20%
12. (3) Let CP of 12 pencils = SP of 10 pencils 8000
= Rs 1 = = 10000
0.8
1 Total SP 6666.66 + 10000 = 16666.66
Then, CP of 1 pencil = Rs
12 Total SP = 2 8000 = Rs16000
Loss = 16666.66 - 1600 = Rs 666.66
1
and SP of 1 pencil = Rs 17. (1) Let the CP of the article be Rs 100.
10 Then, SP = Rs 105
1 1 2 1 Now CP = Rs 95
Proft = - = = Rs New SP = Rs 104.5
10 12 120 60
If he sells it for Rs 0.5 less than CP
Profit per cent = = Rs 100
1 If he sells it for Rs 1 less than CP 100
60 100 1 100
1 = 12 100 = 20% = 1 = Rs 200
60 0.5
12 18. (2) Let the quantity of milk purchase be x
13. (4) According to question, where SP is same and quantity of water added be y.
and also gain % and loss % is same there Then, ratio of water to milk be y : x.
is always a loss and such loss % CP = 6.4x
2 2 SP = 8 (x + y)
(Common gain or loss % 10 Profit per cent = 37.5%
=
10 10 8 (x + y) = 6.4 x 1.375
= 1% loss 8x + 8y = 8.8x
14. (2) SP of 33 m of cloth 8y = 0.8 x
= CP of 33m + gain
SP of 33 m = CP of 33 m + SP of 11 m x 80 10
y= =
SP of 22 m = CP of 33 m = 1 (say) 8 1

1 1 y : x = 1 : 10
SP of l m = CP of l m 19. (3) According to question,
22 33
CP of 20 articles = SP of x articles = 1
1 1
Gain = - = 11 1
22 33 22 33 CP = of 1 articles = 20 ,

11 1
22 33 100 SP of 1 articles =
x
Gain per cent = 1
33 1 1

x 20 25
11 Profit per cent = 1 = 100
= 33 100 = 50%
22 33 20
15. (2) Let the CP of the pen and book be Rs x
and Rs y respectively. 20 x 1
=
0.95x + 1.15y = (x + y) + 7 x 4
0.15 y - 0.05 x = 7 80 - 4x = x
and 1.05x + 1.1y = (x + y) + 13 5x = 80
0.05x + 0.1y = 13 x = 16
Solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)
 14
20. (1) According to the question, 23. (4) Required number of items
Interest earned on Rs 13200 @ 14%
= Rs 1848
3000 1000 4000
= = = 200
Number of shares purchased 60 40 20
13200 24. (2) According to question,
= = 120 (17 + 19) = 36% of the cost price = Rs 162
110
100% of the cost price
Dividend earned by him on 120 shares Rs
15 per share = Rs 1800 162
= 100 = Rs 450
Net loss = Rs 48 36
21. (5) According to the question, 25. (4) Let the original value of fridge be Rs = x.
CP of 3500 cassettes = Rs 350000
The SP of one cassette after discount is Rs 15
Then, Cost price = x
112.50 16
SP of each set of 30 cassettes = (29 +1)
110
= Rs 29 112.50 = Rs 3262.50 Selling price = x
100
SP of 3500 cassettes including 500 free
cassettes = Rs 326250 110 15
Overall loss on Rs 350000 is Rs 23750 x x
100 16 100
23750 Gain per cent = 15
Loss percent = 100 = 6.78%
350000 16
22. (1) According to the question, = 17.33%
Womens shirts comprise 60% of the Hence, the answer is none of these.
output.
Mens shirts comprise 40% of the output.
Average profit from mens shirts
= 8% of 40 = 3.2 out of 40
Overall average profit = 6 out of 100
Average profit from womens shirts = 2.8
out of 60,
i.e., 0.0466 out of each shirt

LEARN MATHS FROM S.K. RAJU (9811549822, 9811649822)