Subject Verb Object (1)

The Subject of a sentence is what the sentence is about.

The Verb in a sentence is the action word.

The Object receives the action of the verb.

The cat ate the mouse.

The cat ate what? A mouse! -- A mouse is the object.

John hit his sister.

John hit whom? His sister! -- His sister is the object.

Write a subject (on the red line) and an object (on the blue line) to complete each sentence below.

1. _________________ bought _________________.

2. __________________ likes __________________.

3. __________________ made __________________.

4. ________________ is carrying ________________.

5. ___________________ bit ___________________.

Passive Voice (1)

Subject Verb Object is called Active Voice. However, sometimes the subject and the object can
trade places. This is called the Passive Voice.

Active Voice: The dog bit the cat.

Passive Voice: The cat was bitten by the dog.

Active Voice: John wrote this novel.

Passive Voice: This novel was written by John.

To use the Passive Voice, you say:

Object + [Be Verb + Past Participle] + by + Subject

*Remember: the Be Verbs are am, is, are, was, and were.

*The passive voice is usually past tense, so we usually use was or were.

These sentences are in the Active Voice.

Rewrite them using the Passive Voice.

1. The dog ate the food. __________________________________

2. The car hit John. ______________________________________

3. Jenny wrote the letter. _________________________________

4. Julie answered the question. _____________________________

5. That boy stole the money. ______________________________

ESL Grammar
Introduction to Present Tense
 Present Tense (1)

We use the Present Tense to talk about things that always

happen, or habits.

I go to school at 7:00.
Lizards climb on the walls.

Also, we use the present tense to talk about things that are
always true, or facts.

The sun rises in the east.

Flowers need water to live.

*In the Present Tense, if the subject is He, She, or It,

you must add s to the verb.

Wrong: Daniel eat dinner at 7:00. (x)

Right: Daniel eats dinner at 7:00.

Fix the mistakes in the following sentences:

1. Julie like to play baseball.

__________________________________________
2. My friend lend me a pencil every day.

__________________________________________

3. They are walk to school every morning.

__________________________________________

4. The baby cry when he is hungry.

Introduction to Present Continuous Tense

Present Continuous Tense (1)

We use the Present Continuous Tense to talk about things that are
happening right now.

To talk about right now, you have to use a Be verb (am, is, are) and
a verb+ing:

I am going to the city.

You are reading books.
We playing baseball.
They talking too loudly.
He
She is
watching a movie.
It
jumping and singing.
walking slowly.

Fix the mistakes in the following sentences:

1. Jessica reading a comic book right now.

______________________________________________________

2. They are eat dinner at their favorite restaurant right now.

______________________________________________________

3. I watching a movie right now, so please be quiet!

______________________________________________________

4. The baby is cry so loudly! I cant do my homework!

______________________________________________________

5. Jackie walking to the park right now with her friends.

 Introduction to Past Tense

Past Tense (1)

We use the Past Tense to talk about things that

happened before now.

Many verbs add ed to make the Past Tense (these are called
the Regular Verbs):
I played tennis yesterday.
I finished my homework last night.

-ed can have 3 different sounds: t, d, or ed.

t d d ed
asked cleaned played needed
looked learned used started
finished listened studied counted
talked changed closed wanted
worked turned on tried ended
watched turned of opened
Write the past tense of these regular verbs:

watch__________ change__________

talk__________ count__________

step__________ turn on__________

play__________ finish__________

open__________ look__________

close__________ dance__________

use__________ try__________

need__________ study__________

listen__________ want__________