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[INDEX SUPPLEMENT to the ATHEN^KDM with No. 3026. Jan. 34, 1903
(^ ((-
Ml
THE
ATHEN.EUM
JOURNAL
OF
JULY TO DECEMBER,
1902.
LONDON
PRINTED BY JOHN EDWARD FRANCIS. ATHEN^UM PRE88. BREAM'S BUILDINGS. CHANCERY LANE,
BY JOHN C. FRANCIS.
MDCCCCII.
UOPPLEMENT tb iTHBKSOM wltli N. Xm.3m. 24, 103
RP
m
1902
SUPPLBMBNT to the ATHBN^BUM with No. 3926, Jan. 24, 1903]
INDEX OF CONTENTS.
JULY TO DECEMBER 1902.
LITERATURE. Berger's (S.) Lcs Prefaces jointes aux Livres de la Bible Canfield's The College Student and his Problems, 93
dans les Manuscrits de la Vulgate, 617 Canrobert, Le Man'chal, by Bapst, Vol. II., 280
Reviews.
Besant's (Sir W.) A Five Years' Tryst, 250; Westminster, Carey's (R. X.) The Highway of Fate, 482
Account Rolls of the Abbey of Durham, Extracts from 61 ; No Other Way, 481 Cariing's (J. R.) The Shadow of the Czar, 117
the, eil. Kev. Canon Fowler, 123 Betham-Edwards's (M.) East of Paris, 483 Carman's (B.) Ballads and Lyrics, 01 ; Ode on the Coro-
Act Book of the Ecclesiastical Court of Whalley, 1510- Betty's Husband, 408 nation of King Edward, 313
1538, ed. Cooke, 343 Bicknell's (E. E.) Praise of the Dog, 857 Carnegie's (A.) The I''.mpire of Business, 376
Acts of the Privy Council, Vol. XXV., 122 Biggar's Early Tradiig Companies of New France, 284 Casanova de Seingalt, Jacques, Memoirs of. 445
Adam's Texts to illustrate Elementary Lectures on
(J.) Bindloss's (H.) The Concession Hunters, 376 Catalogues Catologus van de Pamtletten-Verzameling,
:
Greek Philosophy after Aristotle, 317 Birch's (W. de G.) A History of Neath Abbej', 186, 226 by Knuttel. Part IV., 380; Catalogue General des
Adams"s (C. F.) Lee at Appomattox, &c., 223 Bismarck, Prince, Personal Reminiscences of, by Whit- Antiquites Egyptiennes du Musee de Caire : Coptic
Adams's (M.) Confessions of a Wife, (')79 man, 676 Monuments, by Crum, 615; Fouilles de la Vallee de
Adventures of Don Quixote of La Mancha, 650 Blake's (B.) A Lady's Honour, 754 Rois, by Daressy, Fasc. I., 016 ; Syriac Manuscripts
Adventures of M. d'Haricot, tr. Clouston, 582 Blount, Sir Edward, Memoirs of, ed. Reid, 441 preserved in the Library of the University of Cam-
Albanesi's (E. M.) Love and Louisa, "54 Board of Education Special Reports on Educational
: bridge, by Wright, 681
Albee's (E.) A History of English Utilitarianism, 676 Subjects, Vols. .X. and XL, ed. Sadler, 853 Caulfeild's (A. St. G.) The Temple of the Kings at
Alden's (W. L.) Drewitt's Dream, 717 Boehm's (Sir E. C.) Over the World, 250 Abydos, 615
Aldin's (C.) A Sporting Garland, 823 Boldrewood's (R.) The Ghost Camp, 648 Caulfeild's (S. F. A.) House Mottoes and Inscriptions,
Aldrich's (T. B.) A Sea Turn, &c., 584 Bonaparte, L'Avenement de, by Vandal, Vol. I., 651 757
Alexander's (Mrs.) Stronger than Love, 2 ^0 Book of Proverbs, ed. Miillerand Kautzsch,tr. Alexander, Cawein's (IM.) Kentucky Poem?, 583
Alexander's (L. C.) The Book of Ballynoggen, 703 017 Chailley-Bert's (J.) Dix Anneesde Politique Goloniale, 31
Alfred the Great, The Life and Times of, by Plummer, Book of Romance, The, ed. Lang, 584 Chaillu's (P. du) King Monibo, 584
310 Book-Prices Current, Vol. XVI., ed. Slater, 756 Chalmers, James, his Autobiography and Letters, by
Almanacs, Calendars, Diaries, &c., 794 Books on Egypt and Chaldaea Vol. V., Assyrian Lan-
: Lovett by Lennox. 28
Alpers's The Progress of Xew Zealand in the Century, guage, by King, 183; Vols. IX.-XVL, A History of Chamberlain, Right Hon. Joseph, by Pedder, 222
412 Egypt, by Budge, 442 Chambers's Cyclopadia of English Literature, New
Amateur Angler's Dove Dale Revisited, &c., 825 Booksellers' Catalogues, 253, 580 Edition by Patrick, Vol. I., 306
Ames's (E ) Wonderful England 720 ! Boothby's (Guy) The Kidnapped President, 312 Chambers's "(R. W.) The Maid-at-Arms, 510
Amherst Papyri at Dillingtou Hall, Norfolk, by Grenfell Bosanquet's (H.) The Strength of tlie People, 512 Chantepleure's (G) Ames Feminines, 549
and Hunt, Part II., 281 Bossert's (A.) La Legende Chevaleresque de Tristan et Charlevoix's (Rev. P. F. X. de) History and General
Ancestor, The, 223, 863 Iseult Essai de Litterature Comparee, 378
: Description of New France, tr. Shea, 84
Andersen in German, ed. Rippmann, 852 Bossuet's She Loved Much, tr. Brooke, 157 Charley's The Holy City, Athens, and Egypt, 311
Anderson's (SirR.) The Bible and Modern Criticism, 788 Boswell's Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides, ed. Cotterill, Chase's (F. H.) The Credibility of the Book of the Acta
Andrew's (S. O.) Greek Prose Composition, 217 217 of the Apostles, 119
Anglo- Africander's Africanderism, 380 Bottome's (P.) Life the Interpreter, 648 Chaucer's Prologue, Knight's Tale, &c., ed. Ingraham,
A nnalist's Musings without ^Method, 756 Boulger's (D.) Tie Hist' ry of Belgium, Vol. L, 408 851 ; The .Select Chaucer, ed. Robertson, 852
Annuaire Statistique of France for 1901, 349 Bourchier's (Dr. H.) The Ranee's Rubies, 57 Chesney's (W.) The Branded Prince, 249
Anstey's (F. A Bayard from Bengal, 375
i
Bourdaloue's The Saint's Example a Memorial of
: Chessou's (Mrs.) Aquamarines, 91
Antrobus's C. L.) The Wine of Finvarra, 793
( Queen Victoria, tr. Brooke, 157 Chesterton's (G. K.) Twelve Types, 845
Apocrypha Syriaca, ed. Mrs. Lewis, 080 Bourdillon's (P. W.) Through the Gateway, 583 Child's Garden of Verses, A, 158
Aristophanes Tlie Knights, ed. Neil The Comedies,
: Bourne's (H. E.)The Teaching of History and Civics, 853 Chinnock's (Dr. E. .1.) A
Few Notes on Julian, and a
Frogs Ecclesiazusae, ed. Rogers, 55
: Bowen, Edward, a Memoir, by the Rev. the Hon. Translation of his Public Letters, 412
Armstrong's (E.) The Emperor Charles V., 543 W. E. Bowen, 817 Cholmondeley's (M.) iSIoth and Rust, 753
Armstrong's (F.) A Girl's Loyalty, 792 Bowker's (A.) The King Alfred Mil'enary, 310 Christmas Bookseller, 794
Arnold, Matthew, by Paul, 273 Eoylan's (G. D.) Kids of Many Colours, 792 Church's (Rev. A. J.) Charlemagne and the Twelve
Arrian Anabasis, Books I. and II., ed. Auden, 217
: Brada's Comme les Autres, 718 Peers of France, 792
Ashley's (R. L.) The American Federal ^tate, 281 Bradley's (G. M.) Merry Mr. Punch, 519 Churton's (William Ralph) Theological Papers and
Askwith's Introduction to the Thessalonian Epistles, Brenan's A History of the House of Percy, 83 Sermons, with a Memoir, 448
120 Brentano's (P.) The Origin of the Knowledge of Right Cicero Pro Archia, ed. Nail, 217 Select Orations and
: ;
Asoka, the Buddhist Emperor of India, by Smith, 123 and Wrong, tr. Hague, 846 Letters, eil. Greenough and Kittredge, 283 The
;
Aspects of the Jewish Question, 825 Brereton's (Capt. F. S.) Under the Spangled Banntr, Correspondence of, ed. Tyrrell and Purser, Vol. VII.
Atherton's (G.) The Conqueror, 87 649 One of the Fighting Scouts, 719
;
Epistulae, \ol. III., ed. Purser, 479
Austin's (A.) Haunts of Ancient Peace, 550 Bridges, Robert, Poetical Works of. Vols, IV. and V., Clapton's (E ) The Life of St. Luke, 118
Avden's (S.) Rolling-Flax, 851 646 Clarke's (II.) The Fairclough Family, 6.50
Ayrole^'s (J. B. J.) La Vraie Jeanne d'Arc La Vierge Biidgman's (C.) The Shopping Day, 720 Claviere's (R. de ISI. la) St. Cajetan, tr. Ely, 449, 488
Guerriere L'Universite de Paris au Temps de Jeanne Broadbent's (H.) The Dew Babies, 720 Cleeve's (L.) 1 he Purple of the Orient, 549
d'Arc. 612, 654 Brooke's (S. A.) The Poetry of Robert Browning, 617 Cleveland's (J.) The Children of Silence, 582
Azan's (P.) Annibal dans les Alpe?, 406 Brooks's (H. J.) The Elements of Mind, 444 Cobb's (T.) A Man of Sentiment, 447 The Head of the
:
Lament of, ed. Heron-Alien, rendered into Broughttin's (R ) Lavinia, 679 Household, 614 ; The Treasure of Princegate Priory,
Baba Tahir,
English Verse by Brenton, 154
Brown, Capt. John, of Harper's Ferry, by Newton, 188 792
Brownell's (C. L The Heart of Japan, 544 Cockerell's Bookbinding and tl e Care of Books, 317
Baltbitt's (F. C) A Grammar of Attic and Ionic Greek, )
Brownell's (W. C.) Victorian Prose Masters, 344 Coigny, Aimee de, ]\Ienioires de, ed. Lamy, 286
284
Browning's (O.) The History of Europe in Outline, 1814, Coleriilge's (G. and M.) Jan van Elselo, 821
Bagot's (R.) A Roman Mystery, 223; Donna Diana, 647 Colonial Government, ed. Dr. R. Ely, 124
48, 409
Baker's (R. S.i Seen in Germany, 348
Baldwin's (J. M.) Fragments in Philosophy and Scienc e,
Brymer's (J.) Two Merry Mariners, 720 Conrads(J.) Youth, 824
Buckley's (R. J.) The Master Spy, 408 Cuntentio Veritatis Essays in Constructive Theology,
:
649
Ball's (F. B.) A History of the County Dublin, Part I.,
Bullock's (T. L.) Progressive Exercises in the Chinese by Six Oxford Tutors, 53
Written Language, 483 Continental Literature: Belgium, 7; Bohemia, 8;
153
Ball's (F. K.) The Elements of Greek, 284
Burgin's (G. B.) A
Wilful Woman, 183 Denmark, 9; France, 10; Germany, 13; Greece, 18;
Burke's Peerage, Baronetage, &c., 857 Hollan.l, 19; Hungary, 20; Italy, 21; Poland, 23;
Banks's (E. L.) Autobiography of a Newspaper Girl,
Burnaby's (Rev. S. B.) Elements of the Jewish and Russia, 24 Spain, 26
;
484
Banks's (N. H.) Oldfiold, 182
Muhammadan Calendars. 92 Conway's (Sir M.) Aconcagua and Tierra del Fucgo, 477
Burnet's The French and English Word Book, 222 Cook's (W.) The Chess-Player's Compendium, 251
Barfield's (S.) Thatcham, Berks, and its Manor?, ed.
Burton's (J. B.) The Fate of Valscc, 407 Cooper's (Rev. A. N.) The Tramps of the Walking
Parker. .374
Burton's (T. E Kinancial Crises, 378 Parson, 250
Barine's (A.) La .Jeunesse de la Grande Mademoiselle )
Butler-Johnstone's (H. M.) Imperialism, Federation, and Cooper's (li. H.) George and .Son, .347
'1027-1652), 248
Policy, .30 Copeland's (W.) The B<iok of the Zoo, 720
Baring-Gould's (S.) Miss Quillet, 216; Brittany, 252;
Byrde's (M.) The Searchers, 87 Copinger's (W. A.) History of the Parish of Buxhall, in
Nebo the Xailer, 446
the County of .Sutl'olk, 314, 4.52,487; Supplement to
Barlow's (J.) The Founding of Fortunes, 516 Cabaton's (A.) Nouvelles Recherches sur les Ghams, 155
Haiti's Rcpertoriuin Biblioj^raphicum, 647
Barr'.^ (R. ) A Prince of Good Fellows, 347 Cable's (G. W
) Bylow Hill, 516
Corkran's (II.) Celebrities and I, 6.S2
Barrie's (J. M.) The White Bird, 678
Little Cadett's (H.) The Boy's Book of Battles, 049
Corner's (W.) The Story of the 31th Company (Middle-
Birry'sfJ. A.) Red Lion and Blue Star, &c., 681 Calderon's (G.) The Adventures of Downy V. Green, 721
sex) Imperial Yeommny, 549
Bartle s (A.) " This is my Birthday," .585 Calendars Letter-Books of tlie City of liundon
: Letter-
:
Cox's The Ifnited Kin'.'dom and its Trade, 183
Btcke's The Stiange Adventure of James Shirvinton, Book D, by Dr. Sharpe Patent Rolls, Edward IIL,
Crawford's (F. .M.) Cecilia. 679
312 1343-5, by Isaacson State Papers, Foreign, 1577-8,
Creighton's (M.) Thoughts on Education, 209; His-
Bedford's (F. D.) The Visit to London, 519 by 15utler Year-Book of Edward IIL, Year XVII.,
torical Es8;iys and Reviews, ed. L. Creichton, ()43
Beeching's (Rev. H. C.) Reiigio Laid, 317; Inns of ed. Pike, 121; Close Kolirt, Edward 1 1 1., 1339-41, by
Crespigny's (.Mrs. P. C. de) Fmrn behind the Arras, 548
Court Sermon.i, 617 Hinds, 311; Patent R..II-, Henry VI., 1422-29, by
Crockett s (S. R.) Flower .f the Corn, 648
Begbie's (H.) The Adventures of Sir John Sparrow,
Hughes and Isaacson Closi- liuV.a Henry III.,
Crockett's (Rev. W. S.) The Scott (Jountiy, 5J
Bart., 482 1227-31, 315;' Close Rolls, Edward I., 1279 88, by
Belloc's (H.) Robespierre, 1.50; The Path to Rome, 213 Stevenson- Patent Rolls, Richard II., i;588 92, by
Crofton'B(U.T.) A
History of Sircifonl, Vols. Land II,,
Bellot's (H. H. L.) The Iimer and .Middle Temple, 478 Morris. 316 Stite Papers relating to .Vii. erica and
;
Crowley's (A ) Tannh.iiiser, 313
Bennett's (A.) Anna of the ive Towns, 44<j 1" the West Indies, ed. Fortcsciic, 1<)!)
Cuchulain of .Muirtheinne, ed. Lady Gregor-, 146
Benson's (Archbishop) Addresses on the Acts of the Cambridge College Hibtories Trinity Hall, by Maiden,
Cunningham's (W.) Tlio GoH|itl of Work, 75<j
:
Benson's (C. E.) Crag and Hound in Lakeland, 718 Cambridge L'nivtrBity Calendar for 1902-3, 585 Dalhy's (W ) .\ Modern St. Anthony, 4 17
Berard's (V.) Questions, Extent ures (1901-1902), 682 i Campbell's (J. G. D.) tiam,in the Twentieth Century, 754 Dale 8 Principles of English Constitutional History, 220
[SUPPLEMENT to the ATHENiKUM with No. 39i6, Jan. 24, 1908
Sir H. W. Norinaii and Mrs. K. Young, ,'Ml Incas In the Hands of the Cave-Dwellers, 719
Frere's (Rev. AV. H.) The Use of Sarum : XL The
Delitzsch's (V. vou F.) Babel und Bibel, 184 Hersey's (H. E.) To Girls, .5.50
Ordinal and Tonal, 316
Demolins's (E.) A-t-on Interet h s'emparer du Pouvoir ? Hertz's English Public Opinion after the Restoration,
Fyfc's (11. C.) Submarine Warfare, 188
083 220
Deschamps's (P.) Les P. tits Poussargues, 824 Gabirol's (S. Ibn) The Improvement of the Moral
Herwerden 8 (H. van) Lexicon Gnccum Suppletorium et
Qualities, ed. and tr. by Wise, Vol. I., 483
De Wet, Oil the Heels of, 721 Dialecticum, 517
De Wet's (C) Three Years' War, 755 Ga'rdner's (J.) A History of the English Church in the
Sixteenth Century, 408 Hesitation Sentimentale, 153
Dickens, Charles, his Life, Writings, and Tersonality, by Hibbert Journal, The, 485
Kitten, 222 Gallon's (Tom) The Mystery of John Peppercorn, 614
Galvayne's (S.) War Horses Present and Future, 123 Hichens's (R.) Felis, 510
Dictionaries A New English, ed. Murray and Bradley,
;
Higgin's Spanish Life in Town and Country, 187
Vol. Vn., 115; Vol. VIIL, ed. Craigie, 715; English Garland's (II,) The Captain of the Gray-Horse Troop,
Hill's (H.) Tracked Down, 821
Dialect, ed Wright, Parts XI. to XIV., 221 Muret- 547
;
Giberne's The Rack of this Tough World, 850 and Allen, 517
Documents sur I'Histoire Religieuse et Litteraire du
Gibson's (W. W.) Uriyn the Harper, &c., 582 Hooper's (F,) Commercial Education, 185
Moyen Age, Vol. III., ed. Lempp, 822 Hope's (A.) 'The Intrusions of Peggy, 581
Dodge's (W. P.) From Squire to Prince, 410 Gilchrist's (R. M.) Natives of Milton, 518
Glanville's The Inca's Treasure, 519; The Diamond Hope's (A. R.) All Astray, 792
Douglas's (J.) Ode for the Coronation of King Edward
Seekers, 650 Here's (P. H.) The History of Dunbrody Abbey, 187
VII., 1)1
Godfrey's (B.) The Winding Road, 482 Hoyer's (M. A.) The Friend of Little Children, 720
Doyle's (Sir C.) The Great Boer War, 549
Goldmann's (C. S.) With General French and the Cavalry Host's (E.) The Misdemeanours of Nancy, 793
Drachmann's (H.) Nanna, tr. Browne, 220
in South Africa, 682 Hubbard's (E.) Time and Chance, 152
Druinmonri's (H.) The Beaufoy Romances, 518
Golliwogg's Airship, The, 519 Hugo's (V,) Notre Dame of Paris, tr, Lang, 219; The
Duff s (A.) The Theology and Ethics of the Hebrews, 282 ;
Gordon's (Lady Duff) Letters from Egypt, 519 Story of the Bold Pecopin, tr. Birrell, 823
Hebrew Grammar, 680
Dumas pi^re, Alexandre his Life and Works, by David-
:
Gordon's (Lord G.) Sporting Reminiscences, ed. Aflalo, Humphreys's (A. L.) A Garland of Love, 651
59 Humphry's (Mrs.) Etiquette for Every Day, 825
son, 305
Gordon's (H.) Cricket Form at a Glance (1878-1902), 59 Hutchinson's (H. G.) A Friend of Nelson, 57, 159, 255
Dumas's (A.) The Black Tulip, tr. O'Connor, 219
Dunbar's (P. L.) The Jest of Fate, 717 Gordon's (J.) Mrs. Clyde, 250 Huysmans'8 (J. K.) De Tout, 215
Durand's (Lady) An Autumn Tour in Western Persia, Gorky, Maxim, his Life and Writings, by Dillon, 30 Hyne's (C. J. C.) Thompson's Progress, 581
313 Gorky's (M.) Three of Them Three Men, tr. Home Iddesleigh's (Earl of) Luck o' Lassendale, 581
Durel's (P.) La Muse Parlementaire, 158 The Outcasts, &c., tr. Montefiore, Jakowleff, and Illustrated Catalogue of Books, 1902-3, 794
Dyer's (T. H.) Modern Europe, 14531900, Third Edition, Volkhovsky, 680 In a Tuscan Garden, 713
ed. Hassall, 279 Gossip, 158 Innes's The Law of Creeds in Scotland, 218
Edge's (K. M.) Ahana, 56 Graham's (R. B. C.) Success, 645 Ireland, Indus'rial and Agricultural, ed. Coyne, 371
Edgren's (H.) The French and English Word-Book, 222 Graham's (T.) Commercial Education, 185 Irvine's (R. F.) The Progress of New Zealand in the
Edwards, Edward, the chief Pioneer of Municipal Grahame's (W.) A Child at the Helm, 585 Century, 412
Public Libraries, by Greenwood, 184 Granville, Dean, Life of, by Rev. R. Granville, 242 Jacberns's (R.) The New Pupil, 650
Edwards, J. Passmore, Philanthropist, by Burrage, 158 Grattan, Henry, by Roxby, 519 Jacob's (V.) The Sheep-Stealers, 375
Eeden's The Deeps of Deliverance, tr. Robinson, 680 Green's (E.) Bibliotheca Somersetensis, 154 Jacobs's (W. W.) The Lady of the Barge, 681
Egger's (Max) Denys d'Halicarnasse, 373 Greenidge's (A. H. J.) Roman Public Life, 547 James's (H.) The Wings of the Dove, 346
Elementary Lessons in Cape Dutch, 90 Greenough's (J. B.) Words and their Ways in English James's (H. A.) The Doll-Man's Gift, 650
Eliot, Georire, by Stephen, 245 Speech, 53 James's (W.) The Varieties of Religious Experience, 82
Emanuel's (W.) A Dog Day, pictured by Aldin, G50 Greenwood's (J.) The Prisoner in the Dock, 449 Jeanne d'Arc, ed. Murray, 612, 651
Encyclopa5dia Britannica, Vols. II. and III., 211, 290, Gregorovius's (F.) History of the Citv of Rome in the Jepson's (E.) The Sentimental Warrior, 581
321, 414 Middle Ages, tr. Hamilton. Vol. Vltl., 148 Jeremias's (A.) The Babylonian Conception of Heaven
English Girl in Paris, An, 124 Gregory's (E. C.) An Introduction to Christian Mysti- and Hell, 183
English Men of Letters George Eliot, by Stephen,
: cism. 282 Jerome's (J, K.) Paul Kelver, 548
245 ; Matthew Arnold, by Paul, 273 John Ruskin, by ;
Gribble's (F.) A Romance of the Tuilerie?, 717 Jerrold's (W.) The Reign of King Oberon, 584; The
Harrison, 443 Tennyson, by Lyall, 513
;
Griffiths's (Major A.) Tales of a Government Official, 250 Autolycus of the Bookstalls, 721
Englishwoman's Year-Book, The, 857 Guide-Books : Pear-on's Gossipy Guide to Edinburgh Jessett's (M.) The Hond of Empire, 60
Erkebiskop Henrik Kalteisens Kopibog, ed. Bugge, 411
and District London and District The English Jewish Encyclopaedia, he. Vol. II., 345
'I
Faithful, 719 Halsey's (F. W.) Our Literary Deluge, 480 Keating's (G.) Forus Fea>a ar Eirinn, Vol. I., ed.
Falkiner's Studies in Irish History and Biography, 157 Hamilton's (A.) Maori Art, Parts III., IV., V., 89 Comyn, 405
Fanshawe's (H. G.) Delhi, Past and Present, 824 Hannan's (C.) 'The Coachman with Yellow Lace, 851 Keith's (L.) A
Pleasant Rogue, 517
Farjeon's (B. L.) The Mystery of the Royal Mail, 648 Barker's (L. A.) A Romance of the Nursery, 794 Kelly's (Mrs. T,) From the Fleet in the Fifties a His- :
Farmer's (J. B.) Brinton Eliot, 447 Harper's (C G.) The Holyhead Road, 86; Cycle Rides tory of the Crimean War, 93, 127
Farmiloe's (E.) Young George his Life, 720 : round London, &c., 156 Kennedy's (E, B,) The Black Police of Queensland, 512
Farrer's (Lord) The State in its Relation to Trade, ed Harper's (Rev. F.) Assyrian and Babylonian Letters, Kennedy's (Sir W.) Sport in the Navy, 550
Sir R. Giflfen, 585 Part VI., 183 Kent's (B,) The House Opposite, 791
Farrow's (G. E.) An A B C of Everyday People,' 720; In Harper's (J. W.) Christian View of Human Life, 448 K'estell's (J. D.) Through Shot and Flame, 755, 826
Search of the Wallypugs, 823 Harris's The Annotators of the Codex Bezaj, 348 Kielmansegge's (Count F.) Diary of a Journey to
Fenn s (G. MThe Peril Finders, 649
) Harrison's (Mrs. B.) A Princess of the Hills, 280 England in 1761-62, tr. Countess Kielmansegg, 577
Ferrero's (G.) Militarism, 618 Harrison's (F.) The Boys of Spartan House School, 792 King^Horn, ed, Hall-ed, McKnight, 822
Feuillet's The Romance of a Poor Young Man tr Harrod's (F.) Mother Earth, 754, 796 King's (M. E,) Christian's Wife, 850
Harland, 219 Hart's (A. B) Colonial Children, 217; American Kingsley's (F. M,) The Needle's Eye, 851
Fifty-two Stories of the Brave and True for Girls Fifty- History told by Contemporaries, Vol. IV., 280 Kipling's (R,) Just So Stories, 447
two Stories for the Littlf Ones, ed. Miles, 823 Hart's (F.) Dolly's Society Book, 720 Kittredge's (G. L.) WorJs and their Ways in English
FiUis's (.J.) Breaking and Riding, tr. Hayes, 251 Hart's (M.) Sacrilege Farm, 851 Speech, 53
Finch's (P.) History of Burley-on-the-Hill, Rutland, 147 Harte's (Bret) Condensed Novels, 549 Kijnig's (Prof.) Fiinf neue arabische Landschaftnamen
Findlay's (J. J.) Principles of Class Teaching, 403 Hartley's (C. G.) Stories of Early British Heroes, 823 im Alten Testament, 155
Firth s (C. H.) Cromwell's Army, 51, 94 Hassall's (A.) The French People, 220 Kruger, Paul, Memoirs of, 681
Fitchett's (W. H.) Nelson and his Captains, 856 Haultmout's (M.) The Marriage of Laurentia, 754 Kuppord's (S.) A Fortune from the Sky, 519
Flaubert's (G.) Madame Bovary, tr. James, 219 Haverfield's (E. L. Badnianstow, 717
) Kuypers's (Uom A. B,) The Book of Cerne, 612
Fleming's (J. S.) Ancient Castles and Mansions of ,Stir- Hayden's (E. G-.) From a Thatched Cottage, 616 Lady Beatrix and the Forbidden Man, 313
ling Nobility, 54 Hayens's (H.) At the Point of the Sword, 448 Lake of Palms, The, tr, Dutt, 188
Po'.ly's Quest, 851 Hayward's (C. S.) The Summer Playground, 448 Lampen's (C. D.) The Frozen Treasure, 792 -
8
Leibniz's Discourse on Metaphysics, &c., tr. Mont- Morgan's (Ike) Kids of Many Colours, 7;i2 Riis's (J.) The Battle with the Slum, 704
gomery, 58 ^[orris's (K. P.) On Principles and -Methods in Latin Riley's (J. Whitcomh) Book of Joyous Children, 823
Leighton's (R.) The Boys of Waveney, 510 Syntax. 514 Riley's (J. Woodhridge) The Founder of .MornKuiism, 578
Lelands (C. G.) Flasius Leaves from the Life of an
: Morris's (.1. E.) The Welsh AVars of Edward I., 275 Roberta, Earl, The Life and Deeds of, by Cobban, \ o\.
Immortal, 317 Morrison's (A.) The Hole in the Wall, 407 IV., 2,52
Liddells (M. H.) An Introduction to the Scientific Mnrche's (V. T. ) Object Lessons in (jeography, 217 Roberts's (M.) Immortal Youth, 216; The Way of a
Study of English Poetry, .")I5 Murray's (C. T.) Mile. Fouichetie, 850 Man, 670
Lieven! Dorothea, Princess, Letters of, ed. Robinson, (i75 Nason's (F. L.) To the End of the Trail. 348 Robertson's (M.) Kitty Adair, (i48
Lindsays (II.) The Story of Leah, 482 Naylor's (J. B.) The Sisjn of the Prophet, 347 Robespierre, by Belloc, 150
Lindsay's (M.) Trophet Peter, 88 Neilson's (G.) Huchown of the Awle Ryale, the Allitera- Robinson's (Phil) Bubble an.l S(|ueak, 702
Lindsey's (J. S.) Problems and Exercises in English tive I'oet
Sir Hew of Eglintoun and Huchown of the Robiiison's (W.) Personal Life of the Clergy, 610
History, Book G, 1GS8-1S32 Certificate Note-Book of
Awie Ryale History in the Romance of Golagro.^ and Romance of an Eastern Prince, 340
European History. 1814-48, 221 (iawayne, 677 Ronaldshay's (Earl of) Sport and Politics under an East-
Linn's (J. W.) The Second Generation, 57 Neish's (R. ) How to choose a Husband, 857 ern Sky, 405
Linn's (W. A.) The Story of the Mormons from the Date Neshit's (E.) Five Children and It, 584 Hooper's (T. G.) Educational Studies, kc, 185
of their Origin to 1901, 578 Newbolt's The Sailing of the Long-Ships, &c., 810 Rose's (E.) The Rose.Reader, 217 ,
Lissagaray's History of the Commune. 340 New Editions, Reiitints. &c., 31, (H, 110, 124, 157, 158, Rose's (Le Pere V.) Etudes sur les Evangiles, 119
List of Maps of America in the Library of Congress, 180, 223, 251, 286, 317, 412, 413, 440, 485, 520, 550, Ross's (H. .1.) Letters from the East, 1837-1857, ed.by his
and Works relating to Cartography, ed. Philips, 280 586, 618, 651,683, 720, 721, 702, 824, 825, 857 Wife, 714
Little Black Quibba, 510 New South Wales, Report of the Department of Public Rossi's (F.) Grammatica Egizia, 615
Little's (C.) OutKws, 540 Works, 618 Rotherham, Archbishop, by Bennett, .306
Lobban's The School Anthology, 283 New Zealand Official Year-Book for 1002, 704 Row-Fogo's The Reform of Social Taxation in England,
London Topographical Society, Annual Record for 1000, Nickerson's (Rev. D.) The Origin of Thought, 58 8,55
ed. Ordish, 222 Nield's (J.) The Guide to the Best Historical Novels and Rowlands's (L. B ) The Passion of Mahael, 182
Lords Spiritual and Temporal in 1734, An Exact List of Tales, 61 Royal Irish Academy, Proceedings, 483
the, 585, (121, t;8() Nisbet's (H.) Wasted Fires, 215, 256, 287 Rulers of India As'oka, the Buddhist Emperor of India,
:
Lounsbury's (T. R.) Shakespeare and Voltaire, 840 Norris's (W. E.) The Credit of the County, 446 by Smith, 123
Lowerys (W.) The Spanish Settlements within the Noyce's (F.) England, India, ami Afghanistan, 704 Ruml)old"s(Sir II.) Recollections of a Diplomatist, 650
Present Limits of the United States, 280 O'Connor's (T. P.) The Phantom Millions, 223 Ruskin, John, by Harrison, 443
Lowry's (Rev. E. P.) With the Guards' Brigade from Ollivier's (E.) L' Empire Liberal, Vol. VII., 412 Russell, Rev. John, The Out-of-Door Life of the, by
Bloemfontein, 50 Oman's (C.) Seven Ri)man Statesmen, 246: A Historyof Davies, 720
Lucas's (E. V.) The Visit to London, 519 the Peninsular War, Vol. I., 1807-0, 609 Saint John Chrysostom, by Puech, tr. Partridge, 210
Lutzow's (Count) The Story of Prague, 307 Onions's (C. T.) Little French Folk, 01 St. Manr's (11.^ Annals of the Seymours, 277
Lyall's (D.) Another Man's Money, 650 Oppenheim's (E. P.) The Traitors, 614 Sakniann's (Dr. P.) Bernard do Mandeville und die
Lyall's (E.) The Purges Letters, 510 Opper's (F.) Our Antediluvian Ancestors, 585 Bienenfabel-Controverse, 58
Lvons's (A. N.) Hookev, 183 Orlcan's (Prince H. jd') L'Ame du Voyageur, 250 Sangster's (.M. E.) Janet Ward, 679
"
Mabie's (H. W.) Norse Stories, ed. Bates, 120 Ostrogorski's (M.) Democracy and the Organization of "
Saunders's Professor Harnack and his Oxford Critics, 282
Mabinogion, The, tr. Lady C. Guest, 14(J Political Parties, tr. Clarke. 855 Savage's F.jr a Young Queen s Bright Eyes, 548
McCarthy's (J. H.) If I were King, 347 O'Sullivan's (V.) A Dissertation upon Second Fiddles, Schoen's (H.) La Mctaphysique de Hermann Lotze, 8.52
MacGrath's (H.) The Puppet Crown, 312 120 Scott's Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, ed. Henderson,
.Nlacgregor's History of the Clan Gregor, Vol. II., 30 Otis's (J.) The Life-Savers, 550 847
Machray's (R.) The Night Side of London, 188 Ovid The Poems of: Selections, ed. Bain, 8.52
: Scottish Text Society's Publications : Gilbert of the
Mack's (L.) An Australian Girl in London, 755 Owen's (G. L.) Notes on the History and Text of our Uaye's Pro-se ."\Ianuscript, a.i>. 14.5(), Vol. I., ed. Steven-
Mackenzie, Rev. John, S mth African Missionary and Early English Bible, 282 son
Catholi': Tractates of the Sixteenth Century
Statesman, Life of, bv his Son, 411 Oxenham's (J.) Under the Iron Flail, 679 (1573-1600), ed. Law The New Testament in Scots,
Maclagan's (E. R. D.) Leaver in the Road, 313 Oxley's (,J. MacD.) L'llasa at Last, 340 by Nisbet, c. 1520. ed. Law, Vol. I. Livy's History
Maclean's (N.) Dwellers in the Mist. 681 Palestine, Topographical and Physical Map of, compiled of Rome the First Five Books, by Belleuden, ed.
:
.NiacLeod's (T.) The Dame of tlie Fine Green Kirtle, 120 by Bartholomew, ed. Smith, 02 Craigie, Vol. I., 20, 64
MacMahon's (E.) Such as have Erred, 516 Palmer's (G. H.) The Field of Ethics, 58 Seaman's Borrowed Plumes, 549
(O.)
McNeills (Capt. M.) In Pursuit of the " Mad " Mullah, Palmer's (W. T.) Lake Countrv Rambles, 718 Sedgwick's iS. N.) Petronilla, kc, 120
819 Pardoner's Prologue, The, and" Tale, ed. Koch, 373 Sellon'8(E. M.) Only a Kitten, 6,50
Maeterlinck's (M.) Le Temple Enseveli Euglish Trans- Parker's (Sir G.) Donovan Pasha, &c., 584 Sense's (P. C.) A Critical and Historical Enquiry into
lation by Sutro. 276 Parnell's (R.) Baby .lane's Mission, 448 the Origin of the Third Gospel, 118
Mngnay s (Sir W.) The Man of the Hour, 614 Paston's (G.) Sidelights on the Georgian Period, 848 Serao's The Conquest of Rome, English Translation, 680
Mahan's (Capt.) Retrospect and Prospect, 681 Paterson's (A.) The King's Agent, 701 Sergeant's (A.) The Work of Oliver Byrd, 61 1 ; Barbara's
Maintenon, Madame de, Souvenirs Bur, ed. Comte Pathrick's Day Hunt, A, 823 Money, 216
d'Haussonville and Ilanotaux. 440 Paton's (B Early History of Syria and Palestine, 282
)
Serjeantson's (Rev. R. M.) A History of the Church of
Maiden's (A. N.) The Canonization of St. Osmund. 185 Pattillos (T. R.) Moose Hunting, &c., in Canada, 58 All Saints, Northampton, 178
Mallandaine's (C. E.) The Will and Way, 650; Against Pavne, John, The Poetical Works of, 716 Sessions's (H.) Two Years with Remount Commissions,
the Grain. 702 Payne's (W.) On Fortune's Road, 519 756
.Manchester Sessions Notes of Proceedings before Oswald
: Pears's (C ) Mr. Punch's Book for Children, 720 Seton's (C.) An Amateur Providence, 718
Mosley, ed. Axon, "Vol. I., 372 Pears 's (M. (3.) West Country .Songs, 583 Shadwell's (A.) Drink, Temperance, and Legislation,
Mann's (M. E.) In Summer Shade, 380 Peck's (S. .M.) ,\labama Sketches, 121 720
Mansion's (J. E.) A
First Book of " Free Composition" Penrose's (H. H.) Chubby a Nuisance, 650
:
Shannon's (W. F.) Jim Twelves, 61
in French, 217 Peppin's (T. S.) The Story of the Sword, 514 Sharp's (K.) The Other Boy, .584
March's (E.) Little White Barbara, 6.50 Perry's (W. C.) Sancta Paula, 440 Sliarpe's The Student s Handbook to the P.sahns, 617
Marchant's (B.) A Brave Little Cousin, kc, 650; The Peters's (Dr. C.) The Eldorado of the Ancients, 788 Sheridan's Plays, first pi inted from his .MSS., ed. Frascr
Secret of the Everglades, 710 Petite Bibliotheque de la Famille, 702 Rae, 222
.Marchant's (E. C.) KX'ifia^ lIpwDj: a Firt Greek Petrie's (W. M. F.) Abydos, P..rt I., 615 Sherlock's (C. R.) Your Uncle Lew, 407
Reader, 217 Phillpotts's (E.) The River, 4fJ7 Shiel's (M. P.) The Weir.l o' It, .8.50
Marf,'oliouth'8 (D. S.) Religions of Bible Lands, 617 Picturesque Surrey, Sketches by Moul, Letterpress by Short Notices, 31, 61, !I3, 124, 158, 22.3, 2.53. 28<j, 317.
Marnan's (B ) AFair Freebooter, .548 Thompson, \f)!} 340, 380, 413, 449, 485, 520, 551, 580, 618, 651, 721.
Marriott's (C.) Love with Honour, 182 Plato Plato, by Ritchie, 122; Platonis Res Publica, ed.
: 757, 825
Marsh's (R.) The Twickenham Peerage, 270 Burnet, 12.?; The Republic, ed. Campbell, 317 Shuck's (Prof. II.) Medi;eval Stories, tr. Harvey, 791
Marshall's (N. H.) Die Gegenwiirtigen Richtungen der Plutarch Tho Religi.^n of, by (Jaksmith, 1.57
:
Si.lgwick's (.Mrs. A.) The Thousand Kugeni.is. 703
Religionsphilosoj)bie in England, 8.52 Poe, Edgar Allan, The Complete Works of. Vols. I.-V., Si.Jgwick's (11.) Philosophy, its Scope, ic, 170
Martinengo-Cesaresco's (Countess) Lombard Studies, 713 820 Silberrad's (U. L The Success of .Mark Wyii(;ate. 4S1
)
Mason's (A. E. W.) The Four Feathers, 647 Pogsoii's (A.) Germany and its Trade, 8.56 Siins's (d. R.) Hiographs of Babylon, 250 ; Living
Mason's (F.) Annals of the Horse-Shoe Club, 251 Pollard's (E. F.) The Last of the Clittords, 792 L.>ndon, Vol. II., 4.H.5
Mathers's (H.) " Honey," 376 Pope Leo .'^CIII., Poems, Chaiades, inscriptions of, Sitwell's (Sir (J.) Old Country Life in the Seventeenth
.Mathews's (F. A.) My Lady Peggy goes to Town, 88 English Translation and Notes by Htnry, 570 ('eiitury, 616
M:isiniilian I.. Holy Roman Emperor, by Watson, 220 Popham's (K.) The lloii-.ewives of Kdenrise, 701 Skene's (W. K.) The Highlanders of Scotland, cd. Mac-
.Maxwell's (.Sir H.) British .Soldiers in the Field, 710 Potter's (.M. H.| Istar of Habvlon, r>.S2 bain, 2K6
Mea<Je'8(L. T.) Margaret, 58; Confessions of a C -urt Praed's (Mrs. C.) My Australian Girlhood, .349 Skrine's (J. H.) Pastor Agnoruin, 440
Properiius, cd. Phillimore, 1.57 .Sla.len's London and its Leaders, 189
Milliner. 408
.Meldrum's (D. S.) The Conquest of Charlotte, 182 Psalms, The Bo.ik of, ed. Kirkpatrick, 219 Smith, Thomas Assheton, by Sir J. FiardleyWilmot,
.Memorials of Old IJuckinghamshire, e'l. Ditchfield, 153 Publications of the S.P.C.K,, 4iy 720
Mengin's (L". L'ltaliedes Rowiantiques, 484 Publishers' Circular, Christmas, 1902, 794 Smith's (K. H.) The Fortunes of Oliver Horn, !>81
)
Q.'s The White Wolf, &c.. .58;} Siiiilirs (H. A.) The Tliirteon Colonies, 2H0
.Merejkowski'a (D.) The Forerutmer, .'}12
.Merivale's (H. C.) Bar. Stage, and Platform, 546 Queen Victoria, a Bioi^raphy, by Lee, SI Smith'* (P.) I'arluiment, I'lmt and Present, 222
Merriinans (H. S.) The Vultures, .375 Ramsey's (.M. M.) A .S|iaiiisli (iramniar, H.'(2 Sinith'n (S My Lile-Work, 7.'7
)
Raven-Hill's (L.) Our BatUlion, 2.02 .Snider's .Social' I iititutions in tlieir ()ri;;iM. kc, 619
M..tcalfes (W. C.) Billows and V.trtia. 823
Meyer's L'Histoire de 'juillauine le .Mare:hal, Vol. III., Rawn. ley's (Canon) A Rambler's Note-Book at the Snow's (A. H.) The Adminitttnition of Dcpcndencisa,
English Lakes, 718 (;s2
.580
Records of the Company of Hostmen'of Newcastle-upon- Sophocles The Elektra, cd. Bayfield, .379
Milburn's (G.) A .Study of Modern Anglicanism, 017 :
Steele's (F. M.) The Convents of Great Britain, 18.5 Weyman's (S.) In Kings' Byways, .583 'Junior English Grammar, A,' 319
Stephen's (Sir L.) English Thought in the Eighteenth Wheatley's (H. B.) How to Make an Index, 184 Kestell's Through Shot and Flame,' 820
'
IV., 749 Whitaker & Sons' The Reference Catalogue, 286 Drunkard,' 225
Stephens, Brunton, The Poetical Works of, 222 Whitaker's Almanack Peerage, 857 Landor, Walter Savage, Bibliography of, 64
Stephenson's (N.) The Beautiful Mrs. Moulton, 582 White's (E.) The Eveshams, 87 "Leader Scott," 723
Steuart's (J. A.) A
Son of Gad, 311 White's (P.) The New Christians, 152 Library Association, The, 41.3, 452
Stoker's (Bram) The Mystery of the Sea, 210 White's (R.) Backsheesh, 014 Livre d'Heures of the Duke of Clarence s Mother-in
Stokoe's (Dr.) With Napoleon at St. Helena, tr. Miss Whitechurche's (V. L.) The Course of Justice, 822 Law, 95
Stokoe, 380 Whitman, Walt, The Complete Writings of, Vols. I.-V., London Library Catalogue, 02
" Lonelich, Henry, the Skinner,'' 587
Story's Swiss Life in Town and Country, 150 820
Strannik's (I.) La Statue Ensevelie, 701 Who's Who, 8.57 Lowe, Sir Hudsoti, 795
Strathcona, Lord, tlie Story of his Life, by Willson, 123 The Diary of a Goose Girl, 31
Wiggin's (K. D.) Marriage of the Duke of Clarence with Violante Visconti,
Street's (G. S.) A Book of Essays, 00; The Views of an Wilamowitz-Moellendorff's (U. von) Griechisches Lese- 318
Angry Man, 550 buch, 283 Miltoniana, 722
Student8 Handbook to the University Colleges of Cam- Wilkinson's (J. R.) A Johannine Document in the ' Modern English Biography,'
224
bridge, corrected to June 30, 1902, 585 First Chapter of St. Luke's Gospel, 118 Moreau, Hegesippe, 020
Suau's (P.) L'Inde Tamoule, 314 Williams's (G.) Hushed Up, 519 '
Morte Arthure,' The Viscount of Rome in, 052 Three ;
Sunday Afternoon, 720 Williams's (M.) The Late Returning, 87 Dates in, 758
Sutherland's (M.) The Winds of the World, 518 Williamson's (W.) A
Junior English Grammar, 216, 319 New English Academy, 256, 318
Sykes's (Major P. M.) Ten Thousand Miles in Persia, Willson's (B.) The New America, 787 Old Persians, Marriage and Burial Ceremonies of, 95
113 Wilmot-Buxton's (E. M.) Makers of Europe, 284 " Papal Bull, A," 452
Syrett's (N.) A
School Year, 792 Wilson-Barrett's (A.) A Soldier's Love, 312 ' Pistill of Susan, The,' 254
Tennyson, by Sir A. Lyall Works, 513 Wright's (A.) Parliament, Past and Present, 222 Sigurd Cycle, The, and Britain, 521, 551, 587, 758
Texts and Studies, Vol. VII. No. 3, Codex 1 of the Gos- Writers' Year-Book, The, 157 Stevens's (B. F.) Catalogue Index,' 021, 652
'
pels and its Allies, by Lake, 348 Year-Books of the Reign of Edward Swift'- Political Tracts, 610
III. Year XVIL,
Thackeray's (W. M.) Our Annual Execution Word A ed. and tr. by Pike, 121
:
Arnott's {S.)Tae B)jk of Climbiu^ Plant j ail Wall Reid's Geology of the Country around Ringwood
Shrubs, 687 Geology of the Country around Southampton, 488 FINE ARTS.
Astronomical Journal, 355 Ridgway's (R ) The Birds of North and Middle
Reviews.
Astronoiuische Nacbrichten, 36, 67, 99, 196, 261, 524, America, Part I., 292
556, 591, 680, 728, 763, 832 Royal Observatory, Edinburgh, Annals, Vol. I., 228 Ancestor, The, No. III., 803
Astrophysical Journal, 386 Sandys's (E.) Upland Game Birds, 292 Architectural Review, ed. D. S. MacColl, 199
Austin's (Major H. H.) Among Swamps and Giants in Sharp's (G.) Bird* in the Garden, 385 Art-Worker's (^)uarterly, 120
Equatorial Africa, 829 Sharpe's (R. B.) .A Hand-List of the Genera and Species Avcbury's (Ijord) A Short History of Coins and
Currency, 625
Baker's (R. T.) A Researcb on the Eucalyptus, 862 of Birds, Vol. III., 227
Beckett's (E.) The Book of tbe Strawberry, 523 Smith's (H. G) A Research on the Eucalyptus, 862 ]5aessler's Ancient Peruvian .Art, tr. Keane, Part 1., 196
British Association :President's Address, 353, 386 Strange Adventures of Andrew Battell of Leigh in Baldry's (A. L.) Modern ]\lural Decoration, 457
British Rainfall, 1901, ed. Mill and others, 292 Angola, &c., ed. Ravenstein, 34 Bouchot's (H.) Un Ancctre dc la Gravure sur Bois, 490
Terton's Lights and Shadows in a Hospital, 418 British School at Athens, The Annual of the, No. VIL
Cambridge Natural History : Vol. X. Mammalia, by Session 19001, 592
Thompson's (Sir H.) The Motor Car, ,5.54
Beddard, 25S Brown's The Fine Arts a Manual, 557, 593
Campbell's A University Text-Book of Botany, 97
Thompson's (L. B.) Who's Who
at the Zoo, 726 :
Turner-Turner's The Giant Fish of Florida, 259 Brownell's (W. C.) French Art. 99
Cape of Good Hope, Report of Astronomer at, for 1901,
131 United Stites Department of Agriculture, Weather Catalogues: Greek Coins of Lydia, by Head, 99. 1,32;
Catalogues Birds' Eggs in the British Museum, Vols. Bureau, Bulletin, 324 Report for 1900-1, .556 Works of Art bequeathed to the British Museum by
:
Ussher's (W. A. E.) The Geology of the Country around ]5aron Rothschild, by Read
Early Christian Anti-
Exeter, with Notes by Teall, 488 quities in the Ikitish Museum, by Dalton. 132 Paint-
Climates and Baths of Great Britain, 291 ;
Comptes Rendus, 689 West's Diseases of the Organs of Respiration, 418 by Rev. T. Perkins, 163
White's (W. H.) The Book of Orchids, 523 Collection Wallace, ed. Molinier, Part. I., 387; Part
Cyclopaedia of American Horticulture, by Bailey and
World's History. The, ed. Helmolt Vol. IV., The II., 625
Miller, 194 :
for 1903, 832 Catalogue of Scientific Papers, 624 Hals, Frans, by Davies, 862
Flora of the Liverpool District, ed. Green, 687 Hastings's (G.) Siena, its Architecture. &c., 261
Folk-lore, 555 Societies. Herkomer, Hubert von, by Baldry, 262
Geological Commission of Cape Colony, Annual Report Anthropological Institute bb^ Hogarth, William, by Anstruther, 99
Holt's (R. B.) Rugs, Oriental and Occidental, kc, 163
of the, 1900, 591 Archceological Institute &I 687, 798 ,
Geological Survey of Scotland, Memoirs, 689 Hope's (W. H. St. J.) The Stall-Plates of the Knights of
Aristotelian 1&2 the Order of the Garter. 524
Gibson's Elementary Treatise on the Calculus, 259
Asiatic 087 Huddilston's (.J. H.) Lessons from Greek Pottery, 68
Gilbert, WilUam, of Colchester, by Benham, 354
Groos's (K.) The Play of Man, tr. Baldwin, 256 AstronomicalZo, 687, 831 Jahrbuch der Koniglich Preussischen Eunstsamm-
Harmsworth's (A. C.)'Motors and Motor Driving, 161 Bibliograph ical 590 lungen, 728
Hiorns's (A. H.) Metallography, 590 British Archceological Association 655, 726, 798 Kelman's (J.) The Holy Land. 799
Hoare's Calendar of Flowering Trees and Shrubs, 194 Chemical 6o5, 727 Koiiody's The Art of Walter Crane, 591, 625, 657
Hobley's (C. W.) Ethnological Survey of Eastern Uganda,
Entomological Electioas, 655, 762, 831. Also 524, 555 Landseer, Sir Edwin, by Manson, 99
260
Hodge's (C. F.) Xature Study and Life, 97 Gco^o^i'ca^ Elections, 35, 687, 762, 831
Levertin's (O.) Alexander Roslin Gustaf Lundberg, 763
Little Engravings. Classical and Contemporary: No. I.,
Hulme's (F.) Wild Fruits of the Country Side, 523 Hellenic Aanual [Meeting, 35. Also 656 Albrecht Altdorfer. by Moore Xo. II., William
International Congress of Prehistoric Anthropology and
Archieology, Report, 195
Historical Elections, 35, 727 Blake, by Binyon, 99
Museums Journal, The, ed. Howarth, Vol. I., 590 Heller, Dr., .386. Kowalski, A., ,5.56. Millardet, Whitman's (A.) The Print Collector's Handbook, 419
P. M. A., 832. Powell, Dr. J. W., 419. Roberts-
Xansen's (F.) The Norwegian North Polar Expedition Austen, Sir W. C, 727. Safarik, A., 196. Slopes, Original Papers.
189.3-1896, Vol. IJJ.,66 H., 798. Virchow, Prof., .3.54. Walther Dr. A., 19(5.
Natal Observatory, Report for 1901, 862 Wild, Prof. H. von, .386. Wiltshire, Rev. T., 624. Anatolian Hivc-MarkH, ;'..5f;, .'J'.MJ
Xew Editions, Reprints, &c., 67 Wifllicenufl, Dr. J., 799. Young, Dr. J., 832. Ziegler, Art in Recent I'criodicaU, Contributions to the History
of, 8.32
Oberholser's (H. C.) A Review of the Larks of the Dr. J., 450.
Barbcrini Collection, The, 4.58
Genus Otocoris, 292 COBSlp.
British Arch.-rological As.sociation, .'}89, 420
Observatory, The, 196, 292, 624, 799 Annual Companion
;
Institution of an Order of Merit. .36. Parliamentary Cairo Monuments, The I'rcsiTvation of, 491
for 1903, 799
Papers, 3(;, 07. 9H, 131, 196, 228, 261, 292, 324, 3.55, Crane's (Walter) Earliest Drawing, 025, 057
Pearson's (W. H.) The Hepatic* of the British Isles, 97 4.56, 489, .524, .591. 0.56, 799. Geodetic Survey of Cape Dutuit Collection, The, 19.H
Paris Observatory, Rapport Annuel, 1901, 419 Colony and S'atal, 22H. Conference on Nature Study Gcr.cr, The Kxcnvation of, 4.">M
Paris Society of Anthropology, Bulletins, 19.5, 830 at Cambridge, 1521. Swiss Xaturforschendc Gcsell- "Labyrinth,'' The-, ami the Palace of Kuohhoh, 132
Pigott's (T.) London Birds, &.C., 8(il schaft, Annual Assembly. '.Wi. Inntitution of Civil National Gallery: The .AdminiHtration of the, 105; The
Pike's (O. G.) Hillside, Rock, and Dale, HTA Engineers: Awards of .Medals and Prizes, .524. Royal Carmichacl nc(|ue8t, 458
Pingre's Annales Celestes du Dix-septii-me Siecle 490 Society : Award of Medals, O.Vi. Royal .Society of New Prints, '.Wt
Podmore'g (F.) Modern Spiritualism, 761 Edinburgh Cambridge Philosupliical Society, 763. Oxford Topogrophy, 101
[BUPPLEMENT to the ATHENiEUM with No. 3928, Jan. 24, 1903
Society of Anticjuaries, 090, 702, 704, 707 Butt (Madame C.) and Rumford's (Mr. K.) Concert, Pickering & Chatto's Book-Jjover's Leaflet, No. 131, 000
Tarsus and the Vicinity, Exploration in, 704 559 Pougin's Li Comedie Francaise et la Revolution, 866
" Texture " in Plastic Work, 593
Cardiff Musical Festival, 526 Segall's (J. B.) Corneille and tlie Spanish Drama, 296
Van Eycks, The Flora of the, 593, 704, 800 Carrcilo's (Madame) Pianoforte Recital, 803 Shakspeare Marina, a Dramatic Romance by AVilliam
:
Vauxliall Bridge, 729 Clegg's (Mr. D.) Organ Recital, 865 Shakespeare, ed. Wellwood, 3.58; Edinburgh Folio
Exhibitions.
Crystal Palace Peace Festival, 71 ; Concerts, 027, 834
: Edition, ed. Henley Dyce's Glossary to, ed. Little-
dale, 359
Dolmetsch's (Mr. A.) Concert, 091
Artists' Benevolent Institution, Exhibition on Behalf of Dunhill's (Mr.T. F.) Concert, 527 Original Papers.
the, 729
Baillie & Bonner's (Messrs.) Gallery, 492
English Opera, Covent Garden: 'Carmen,' 'Faust,' '
Macbeth Note, A, .359
'
Brook Street Art Gallery, 593 'Pogliacci,' Cavalleria Rusticana,' 293; Maritana,' II
' ' '
Westminster Play, The, 836
Carfax & Co.'s (Messrs.) Gallery, 492, 020, 657 Trovatore,' 'Tannhiiuser,' Lohengrin,' 330 Lily of
'
;
'
Carlton Galleries, 593 Killarney,' 'Siegfried,' 422; 'Tristan,' Rosalba,' 459 '
Theatres.
Continental Gallery, 38, 203 Fiildesy's Violin Recital, 71
Decorative Art at Turin, 492 ^rfeZpAi Sudermann's Heimat,' 328 Camille,' 360 > ' '
Dowdeswell's (Messrs.) Galleries, 626 'Elizabeth, Queen of England,' 392; Watson and
Guilbert's (Madame Y.) Song Recital, 800
Dutch Gallery, 804 Carson's' Captain Kettle,' 595 Barrett's The Christian '
Early Flemish Art at Bruges, 355, 388 Guildhall School of Music : Concert, 731 ;
King,' 807
Egyptian Antiquities at University College, 09 Hollander's (Miss A.) Concert, 71
Gentleman Do ] 423
Ji90o Dayle's What would '
a '
Halkett's (Mr. G. R.) Gallery, 38 Meiningen Orchestra, The, 091, 730 'The Iron Duke,' 528; Takington and Sutherland's
Lowengard's (Mr. ) Gallery, 38 Moore's (Mr. G. F. H.) Pianoforte Recital, 626
'
Monsieur Beaicaire,' 500, 595; Hooton's The Mouse,' '
Shepherd Brothers' (Messrs.) Gallery, 558 Popular Concert, 026, 707 Phillpotts's ' For Love of Prim,' 204; Barrie's The '
Society of Portrait Painters, 089 Promenade Concerts, 293, 320, 3.58, 422 Admirable Crichton, 627 '
Whitechapel Art Gallery, 164 Prout's (Prof.) Edition of The Messiah,' 658
'
GarrickM.. Coquelin's Performances, 4,0, 72, 104
Williams's (Miss) Copies of Velasquez, 100
Ravogli's (Signorina G.) Vocal Recital, 39 Capus's Veine,' 103; ' Les Deux Ecoles,' 136;
'La
Wolverhampton Exhibition, 37 'The Bishop's Move,' Phillpotts's 'A Pair of
Richter Concerts, 626, 658, 691
Woodbury Gallery, 38, 133, 493, 802 Knickerbockers,'' 168 Esmond's Lady Virtue,' My
Rooy's (Herr van) Vocal Recital, 39 ;
'
P., 459. Liot, P., 390. Meschtscherski, Prof., 102 Don Giovanni,' Miss Smyth's Der Wald,' 134
;
' '
Jacobs and Rock's The Ghost of Jerry
802. Mes- 296, 628 ;
'
'
Rigoletto,' Close of the Season, 167
dag. T., 230. Muntz, E., 025. Nast, T., 802. Naumann, Bundler,' 328 Miller's A Daughter of Sorrow,' 528;
: '
K., 558. Nettleship, J. T., 320. Otto, K., 526. Pollen, Saint-Satins's (Dr. C.) Concert, 626 Marshall's '
The Unforeseen,' 767
J. H.,795, 801. Rae, G;. 230, 263. Richomme, Sheffield Musical Festival, 459, 493
J., 626. Hi^i 3Iaje.^ty's' The Ballad Monger,' The Red Lamp,' '
Rinkenbach, E., 203. Roggiani, G., 833. Stevenson's (Madame N.) Recital, 527
Schwoiser, 104 ; Hall Caine's The Eternal City,' 495 '
Prof., 390. Seclos, I., 101. Sieniiradzki, H. von, 357. Strauss's (R.) Heldenleben,' 803
'
Stiirtz, L., 199. Tissot, .J., 229. Strong's (Miss S.) Concert, 731 ImjKrial Mrs. Langtry and Mr. Manners's '
The Cross-
Vanaise, G., 133,
199. Vibert, G. J., 167. Vinea, F., 626. Wertheimer, Such's (Mr. P.) Recital, 834 ways,' 804
G., 422. Sunday Concert Society, 595 i^/rewm 'Charles L,' 40; 'The Bells,' 'A Story of
Symphony Concerts, 595, 658, 730 Waterloo,' 40, 104 ; ' Louis XI.,' 104 ; ' The Merchant
Gossip.
of Venice,' 104, 136
Tanner's (G.) Violin Recital, 659
Fall of the Campanile of St. Mark's Annual Report of i?/ric Sutro's '
Carrots,' 732 ; Sheridan's '
Critic,' 804
Wessely String Quartet Concert, 595
the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings '
Othello,' 835
Westminster Orchestral Society Concert, 834
101. Parliamentary Papers, 101, 422. Lord Cheyles-
more s Collection of Prints, 199. Louvre Acquisi-
Windust's (Mr. E.) Violin Recital, 626
:
tions, 199, 293, 493, 526, 594. National Gallery in 460, 628
Dublin Acquisitions, 326. British Museum Acquisi-
:
:
Ysaye (M.), Busoni (Signor), and Cleaver's Madame)
tions, 326. National Gallery of Ireland: Acquisitions Recital, 834 Royalty MXss Martindale's 'Sporting Simpson,'
390. Royal Society of British Artists Elections 492 Craven's 'Milky White,' 496; Anstey and Peile's
:
493. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 802. South Bernard, E., 392. Bibl, R., 231. Bilse, B., 135. St. George's Hall Madame Wiehe's Performance, 40
Kensington Museum Acquisitions, 865 Brambach, J.,103. Bruyck, K. de van, 263.
:
Chap- St. /ames's McCarthy's ' If I were King,' 327, 836
pell, T. P., 39. Clarke, Sir C., 294, 328. Fritsch, Shaftesbury AvYisss 'There and Back,' 104, 136;
E. W., 295. Hofmann, H. C, 135. Klughardt, Burnett's' A Little Un-Fairy Princess,' 868
A. F. M., 231. Piutti, C, 72. Raab, T., 40. Simon,
Dr. P., 866. (Swrr-ey Shirley and Conquest's The London Fireman,' '
Stolz, T., 327. Weidenback, J., 72.
MUSIC. White, A. C, 358. Wiillner, Dr., 358, 423. 528
Vaudeville '&d,rr\e'& 'Quality Street,' 423; Espinasse
Reviews. and Leader's Ned Kelly or, the Bushrangers,' 460
'
Gossip. ;
Galloway's (W. J.) The Operatic Problem, 199 Wyndham'sMTi. G. C. A. Jonson's 'The Hedonists,'
Maitland's English Music in the Nineteenth Century, Interview with Richard Strauss, 136. M. A. Guilmant's
72; 'Betsy,' 137; Jones's 'Chance, the Idol,' 359;
Recitals at the Trocadero, Paris, 200. Coronation '
The Marriage of Kitty,' 596 Ferris and Stuart's ;
ELIZABKTHAN STAGE SOCIETY. Under the N1VERSITY of BIRMI N GH A .^r. FRANCE. The ATHEN.^UM can be
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<
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THE ATHEN^UM N3897, July 5, 1902
Library of the late Kev. C. WILKINSON {by order of the Engrai'ings.
on IHURKDAV, July 17, FRIDAY, July 18, and MONDAY, July in, ENGRAVINGS, Framed and in the Portfolio, comprising a Collection
74, of Engravings by Old Masters, including A. Durer. M. Schonganer,
and Following Day. at ten minutes past 1 o'clock precisely, the
LIHHARV of the late Itev. C. WILKINSON (by order of the Exccutorsj, Lucas van Leyden. W. Hollar, &c.. the Property of a Portraits LADY
comprising a long Series of the Roxburghe I'lub Publications- and Fancy subjects after Sir J. Reynolds. G. Romiiey, R. Cosway, Sir
'T. Lawrence, J. Hoppner. and others, some printcl in Colours Scrap-
Standard and Miscellaneous Books in all Branches of Literature, both
English and Foreign Autograph Letters, &c. Books containing Etchings by Old Masters and a few Oil Paintings,
Drawings, &c.
MONOCHROME COPIES Catalogues of above Sales may be had.
May be viewed two days prior. Catalogues may be had.
MODERN ARTISTS. M R. J. C.
38,
STEVENS
King Stieet,
On 'TUESDAY NEXT,
will OFFER
Covent Garden, London, W.C,
&t half-past 12 o'clock,
at his Rooms, MESSRS. SOTHEBY, WILKINSON & HODGE
will SELL by AUCTION, at their House. No. I.^ Wellington
Street. Strand, W
C. on MOND.\Y'. July 14. and 'Two Following Days,
at I o'clock precisely, BOOKS and MANUSCRIPTS, comprising the
A magnificent COLLECTION of JAPANESE EMBROIDERIES, Property of ROBERTC GIBBS, Esq., including Books with Coloured
Comprising Illustrations Sporting Books-the Writings of Ainsworth, Dickens,
The AUTOTYPE COMPANY'S Processes of Per- Scott, Surtees, &c. Works on Costume Books of Prints, &c the
PALACE WALL HANGINGS, OLD and NEW EROCADES,
;
Valuable Graduated Circle, Divisions beautifully ruledon gold, May be viewed two days prior. Catalogues may be had.
suitable for Alta zimuth or Transit J nstrument.
Book Valuable Books and Manuscripts.
Inquiries are invited from those requiring
Photographic and Electrical Apparatus,
Illustrations of the very highest quality. Speci-
S/c,
MESSRS. SOTHEBY, WILKINSON & HODGE
FRIDAY, July 11, at half-pa.t 12 o'clock. will SELL by AUCTION, at their House, No 13.
Wellington
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July 28, and Two Following Days,
mens and Estimates submitted. STEVENS OFFER, Rooms, at 1 o'clock precisely, valuable BOOKS and MANUSCRIPTS, com-
MR. J. C.
38, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C
will at his
prising the Library of JAMES WARD,
Esq.. of Nottingham, including'
an unique Copy of the hitherto unknown First Edition of Watt's Divine-
,
A very fine Set RON'TGEN RAY APPARATUS. Spark Coil 8 in. to Songs, and other Works by the same Author the Ward Nottingham-
10 in., guaranteed in perfectorder. Autograph a PORTION of the
THE AUTOTYPE FINE -ART GALLERY, GBISLER and other 'TUBES, good as new.
shire
LIBRARY
Manuscripts
of ALEXANDER HOWELL,
Letters,
An important COLLECTION of about 100 TYPICAL HUMAN SKULLS Pater and J. A. Symonds Books relating to Scotland and Ireland
formed by an Eminent Scientific Man (deceased), Modern Philosophical Writings and Works on Economic Science
On WEDNESDAY, July 9, THURSDAY, July 10. Including specimens of the ancient Egyptian, Greek, Aztec, large Collection of Modern Theological Books, &c.
and FRIDAY, July THIRD and REMAINING PORTION of the
11, the Australian. Negroid, and other races, Maori 'Tattooed Head, dried To be viewed, and Catalogues had.
valuable COLLECTION of PORCELAIN, OBJECTS of ART and Indian Head from Ecuador, &c.
VERTU, and DECORATIVE FURNITURE of the late Mr. W. BOORE. On view day prior and morning of Sale. Valuable Books, including the Select Modern Library
On SATURDAY, July 12, MODERN PICTURES Catalogues in course of preparation. of a Gentleman.
and DRAWINGS of the late JOHN PARNELL, sen., Esq.. the late
R. H. KINNEAIt, Esq., the late W. B. M< GRATH, Esq., and others.
The important Collection of Engravings of the late LEWIS MESSRS. HODGSON & CO. will
Chancery Lane, W.C, on
SELL by
AUClTON. at their Rooms, 115,
Engravings, indudhig the Property of the late JOSEPH LOYD, ofiO, Hyde Park Gardens. TUESDAY, July 15, and Three Fnllowing Days, at 1 o'clock, valuable
JACKSON HOWAliD, Esq., F.S.A. MESSRS. SOTHEBY, WILKINSON & HODGE BOOKS, including the above Libiary, comprising A'allance's Art ofi
Wm. Morris Fraokau's Colour Prints R. L. Stevenson's Works,
M ESSRS. PUTTICK & SIMPSON
ENGRAVINGS
by AUCTION,at their Galleries, 47, Leicester Square, W.C,
on THURSD.^Y', July 10, at ten minutes past 1 o'clocli precisely,
of the English School, many in Colours Portraits in
will SELL will SELL by AUCTION, at
their House, No.
Street. Strand, W.C, on MONDAY,
1 o'clock precisely, the important COLLKCTION of
formed about fifty years ago l>y the late
Hyde Park Gardens, comprising Masterpieces
13. Wellington
July 7. and Following Day, at
LEWIS
LOY'D, Esq , of 20,
of the principal Line
ENGRAVINGS
Fdinburgh Edition, ;0 vols. Pepys's Diary, by Wheatley. 8 vols..
Large Paper- Lady Jackson's Works. 14 vols. Rawlinson's Seven:
Oriental Monarchies, 6 vols. Pater's W^nrks, 8 vols a Selection front
the Wiitings of Symonds. Tennyson, Lang. Kipling, and other Modern
Mezzotint, Stipple, and Line -Historical, Naval, and Military Subjects Writers recent Library Editions of Scott, Dickens. Marryat Browning.
Engravers of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries in t-hoicest Macaulay, Carlyle, Burke, and other standard Authors Issues froni-
a valuable Collection of early Yachting Prints, Etchings Classical Proof states, rare Works by Rembrandt, Diirer, Lucas van Leyden,
and Scriptural Prints, &c. the Kelmscott Press Dictionary of National Biography. 03 vols.
and other Old Masters. complete Set of the Folk-lore Society to 1901, &c also Fcnelons- ;
The whole of the Collection is in the finest possible condition. Telemachus, 2 vols., 1785. with many of the plates beautifully coloured
Valuable Books. Ovid, par Banier, vols.- Nash's Mansions, Four Series, and other
May be viewed. Catalogues may be had.
i*
Auncient Historre
Rationale Divinorum Otticioruni, 1473 Waller's Properties, comprising Greek and Roman Coins, Byzantine Solidi, including the New Law Reports to 1902. the First Series to 1875, and
Poems. First Edition Hakluyt's ^'oyages Voragine, Legenda Aurea, .^nglo-Saxon and English Coins English Commemorative and War another Series from 185 to 1901 Law Times Reports, complete set
1483 Boetius de Consolatiore, Rennes. s d also a SELECTION from;
Medals, including rare and unpublished Royalist Bailges interesting Bevan and other Reports in Chancery useful Modern Text -Books-
the LIBRARY of the late JOHN CLARK, including Presentation Waterloo Medal of a Deserter from the 14th Foot unique Silver Medal Mahogany Bookcase Office Furniture, &c.
of the Duke of Gloucester's Loyal Volunteers, 1805 -a fine Set of Four
Copies of Lamb's Poems and Elia (with Inscriptions), and other Works Catalogues are preparing.
a Collection of Shakespeareana {sold by order of the 'Trustees of the Original Specimens, in Gold, Silver, Bronze, and Gilt, of Alexander
Northampton Public Library) an Early Manuscript of the Messiah in Davison's Medal for the Victory of the Nile, 1708, by H. Kiichler C
the handwriting of Handel's Pupil, J. C. Smith, showing important Foreign Coins and Medals Patterns and Proofs, &c. Coin Cabinets.
Variations. May be viewed two days prior. Catalogues may be had. For ^lacja=inc$ see p. 43.
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I.KsriN.ASSK
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HEK With
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an Introduction by C.-A. DE Character, by 1', TEL.
SAIN IE BBl'VE GCIHEItr.
In 3 vols.
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and an
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CONTENTS.
the historic and artistic side. M. Soil has Labeur de la Prose,' by M. Qustave Abel, a
CoxTixENTAi, Literature :
gathered some interesting notes concerning journalist of Ghent, chief editor of the
Belgivm 7
Bohemia 8
art and archasology in his En Espagne.' '
Flandre Libcrale, has attracted much atten-
Desmakk l>
M. Eug. de Holder has studied three of tion in France. A
Belgian, again, a pro-
France 10 the most original Belgian artists of to-day : fessor of education, M. Arthur Daxhelet,
Germany 13 the Antwerp painter Henri de Brakeleer, has composed a highly original Manuel de '
GREtXE 18
the "Walloon sculptor Constantin Meunier, Litterature Frangaise.' Also, it is an
Holland 19
HUXGAKY 20
and the designer of Namur, Folicien Hops. erudite Belgian, the Vicomte de Spoelberch
Italy 21 In the field of literature, pure and simple, de Lovenjoul, who has revived the study of
Poland 23 the Belgian triumvirate which has mi- the great contemporary writers of Franco
Russia 24 grated to Paris retains its supremacy I ; by his patient research among various
Spain 2rt
mean Maeterlinck, Lemonnier, and lloden- letters, archives, and libraries. La Genese '
Chalmers of Nkw Guinea 28 bach. The last of the three has been taken du Roman de Balzac " Les Paysans " is his '
Scottish Text Society's Publications 29 before his time, but he is still alive for us latest revelation in this way. Certainly
Our Library Table (Maxim Gorky ; Imperialism, in his drama Le Mirage,' which abounds
'
Belgians are beginning to play very varied
Federation, and Policy, The Clan Gregor; Diary in hisspecial quality of refined archness. parts in the French literature which they pre-
of a Goose Girl Irench Colonial Politics ; Re-
Camilla Lemonnier is a contrast to him in
;
Gossip 3638 passion has been very successful. Another reputation covered both countries. No
Music Opera at Covent Gardein; Final Phil-
novel by M. Lemonnier deals also with Belgian specialist has risen to take his
harmonic Concert Gossip Performancis
; ;
Belgium, but rural surroundings. Le ' place, though I do not say that we lack
Nest Week 3940 Vent dans les Moulins exhibits the awaken- '
interesting books in his line. M. Louis
Drama Goisip 40 ing of the Flemish peasants which is due Bertrand, the Socialist Deputy of Brussels,
to universal suffrage and the birth of the has undertaken a curious Histoire de
'
July, 1901, to July, 1902. Cyril Buysse I noticed last year, Lion '
A panion volume to the book of a Socialist of
of Flanders,' but in spite of M. Lemonnier's Ghent, M. Paul de Witte, which I noticed
ability his attractive idyl is perverted be- in 1898, and which dealt with the co-opera-
BELGIUM. cause he does not know the true Flemish tion of his party in that centre. I must also
Since the energetic initiative of the King peasant thoroughly. mention as unusually good the works of M.
of the Belgians constrained his subjects to The last of the trio, M. Maurice Maeter- Louis Varlez, amongst others the book he
cast their eyes beyond the frontiers of their linck, a book from whom is a European has devoted to the first year of the manage-
small kingdom and inoculated them with event, has published this year Le Temple '
ment of the funds for unemployed work-
colonial fever, a new literature, devoted to Enseveli '; but his especial and exquisite men, proposed and arranged by the city of
the Congo and other foreign countries, has surprise for us is his superb Italian drama Ghent. M. Leon Dupriez has examined
arisen in Belgium. of the fifteenth century, Monna Vanna.' I ' '
L' Organisation du Suffrage Universel en
This year I must mention first in this need not speak here at length of two books Belgique,' the working of which is con-
class the remarkable volume by Com- which all the world has read or will read. trolled by three ingenious balances the
mandant de Gerlache, Quinze Mois dans '
By the side of this big literature there is plural vote, the obligation to vote, and
I'Antarctique,' in which he relates with a new and noteworthy literary phenomenon proportional representation. MIM. Colaert
charm and eloquence the voyage of the this year. M. Leopold Conrouble has in- and E. Henry, in their book La Femme '
Belgica to the Austral Pole. By the side vented a droll, trivial, passably undistin- Klecteur,' plead for a cause which Socialists
of this scientific and entirely disinterested guished kind of writing, which is yet and certain politicians are attempting to
expedition I must mention the efforts irresistible in its true observation and comic make a success in Belgium. M. Jean Hal-
made to secure commercial and industrial force. His Famille Kackebroek,' a novel
'
leux attempts to upset Herbert Spencer
expansion in China. Under the same title, of Brussels manners, written in decidedly unrelentingly in L'Kvolutionnisiuo
' en
'
Un Eeportage Beige en Chine,' two Belgian French, has passed through four Morale.' His colleague of the University
journalists, M. Victor Collin of the FAoile editions in a few months, although Belgian of Ghent, M. J. J. van Bieroliet, studies, on
Beige and M. C. Tytgat of the XXe books have a very small sale in Belgium. the contrary, with the greatest independence,
Steele, have related their impressions on the '
Pauline Platbrood,' by the same author, is the most complicated psychological pheno-
recent tragic disturbances in the Celestial following its predecessor with equal success. mena, such as memory, right and left
Empire. M. C. Buls, formerly burgomaster Mile. Marguerite van de Wiele, a noteworthy handedness, visual illusions, and illusions of
of Brussels, is employing his leisure in writer, favours a more serious and a deeper weight.
travel. He has published a charming style in her novel Fleurs de Civilisation.'
'
In 1899 I spoke of the first volume of the
volume, Croquis Siamois,' in which he Among the works of the young men I may admirable '
Histoire de Belgique,' by M.
has presented an impartial picture of the notice M. Hermann Dumout's '
Idylle Pirenne, which won the prize of A, ODD francs
situation in the kingdom of Siam, which Bourgeoise and M. Louis Dumont-Wil-
' given every five years. It is already in a
may be of use to the English reader. The den's Visages de Decadence.'
'
second edition, a rare distinction for a
Baron de Borchgrave has written an The Belgian poets who write French are scholarly Belgian work. Tbo author has
interesting book, Janina et Kpire.' M. C.
' beginning to make their way in France, in just published the second volume, which
Lefebure in Mes Ktapesd'Alpinismes has
' '
spite of a certain foolish reaction in favour by agreement appeared i)revioubly in a
been able to speak of Switzerland and put of home products which has been evident at German translation. It is distinguished by
new life into a hackneyed and, one sup- Paris. Among the latest volumes of verso new and poignant details, and goes as
posed, exhausted subject. M. Cyrille van I may cite Le Coffret d'Kb(np,' by M.
'
far as the death of Charles the Bold
Overbergh and Leon Hennebicq have related Vail' re Gille ; 'La Chanson d'Eve,' by M. at Nancy in 1477. M. A. Gaillnrd has
the tragi-comic adventures of the Belgian Charles van Lerberghe Les Formes ;
' published a learned Histoire du Conseil
'
passengers of the Senegal, who were |)ut Tumultueuses,' by M. J-imile Verhaeron do Brabant ' in three volumes. M.
in quarantine under suspicion of plague. and 'Clartes,' by M. Albert Mockel. Hocquet, in his monograph Tournai sous
' '
living interest in the present. Among many notice the monograph of M. de Gryse, the Ours '), and keeps to the population of
('
books of local history I must mention the oldest cure of Courtrai, and the lucid and Southern Bohemia so also does Kloster-
;
'
Memorial de la Ville do Gand (1792-1830),' erudite work of M. Victor Fris on the mann in his latest work, AVhere do the'
by M. Prosper Claoys, a monthly, almost 'Liberation of Flanders in 1302.' Children Go ? in which he takes
' his
daily record of events great and small which In fine art I mention with pride three readers again to the hard- worked and badly-
revives the history of our ancestors for us. great works, splendidly illustrated the
: fed people of the Bohemian Forest, where
M. Jules Leclercq has devoted two notable '
Netherland Painters of the Nineteenth the rich natural beauty of the scenery agrees
essays to Cecil Rhodes, whom he knew at Century of M. Pol de Mont, which deals
' but poorly with the dark shadows of human
the Cape, and to the conflict between Fin- especially with the latest Flemish artists, life. And Rais, similarly, is true to his
land and Russia. M. Godefroid Kurth has such as Claus and Baertsoen and two books part of the country, in the mountainous
written a touching biography of the great by M. Max Rooses, which appeared in north-western corner of Bohemia, whence
Anglo - Saxon missionary of the eighth French and English at the same time as the he took the subject for his last novel, Na '
century, " St. Boniface," as Winfrid was original Flemish text, The Old Dutch and
' Lepsim.' As always, he tries to show the
called, which will be translated soon into Flemish Masters in the Louvre and in the differences of country and town life, and
English, more especially for the benefit of National Gallery,' and the standard book, how a simple countryman, deluded by an
Catholic readers. *
The Life and Work of Rubens,' to which exaggerated longing to better himself in
By the side of this French literature he has devoted thirty years, and which is town, is ruined in circumstances to which he
Belgium cultivates also writing in Flemish, written in a prose of grace and colour worthy is not used.
which is spoken by a little more than half of the great master of Flemish colouring. With these novelistic works may be
the people and differs no more from Dutch Pal^l Fkedericq. mentioned studies which combine scientific
than Norwegian from Danish. Speech, aims with tendencies to belles-lettres. A
grammar, dictionary, are the same, but good specimen of this is Hamza's series of
authors have widely different physiognomies BOHEMIA. veracious country pictures, 'Zalesi ('Back- '
and styles in the two regions of the old Bohemian belles - lettres seem to be woods'). And there are, besides, a good
Netherlands, as in the two Scandinavian attempting lately to fall in with the general many other reproductions of country
kingdoms. tendency of European literature, the bias people's dialogues and scenes from their
As usual, verse in this language abounds. towards prose narrative, especially the lives, in the disguise of memoirs or short
The Laatste Verzen of the late great poet
' '
novel proper. In the drama we are behind tales, which form a sort of preparation for
of West Flanders, Guido Gezelle, will not other European nations, both in the number future novels. The desire to achieve a
add much to his fame, but a really beautiful and quality of our productions and we;
specially Bohemian novel appears in the
and orginal poem has been produced by a share the more or less general neglect of younger generation of writers very palpably,
young author full of promise, Vlasgaard '
narrative poetry. but as yet endeavour is more frequent than
(' The Field of Flax '), by M. Rene de Clercq, In fiction a desire prevails to portray as accomplishment, although many of the results
who belongs to the same district as Gezelle far as possible the realities of life, which is are interesting enough. The older writers
and is evidently one of his pupils. In a sign of an honest artistic tendency. It is have worked out a distinct and comparatively
another corner of the country, the east of no romantic naturalism, which often selects good type of historical novel, and have made
Belgium, a young school is springing up, mere copies of realities for literary experi- some creditable attempts at the social and
the Limburg school, represented by the work ments, but the desire to study the broad conversational novel besides. The latest
of Winters, Lenaerte, Balngs.and Prenau. realities of life and exploit them in an efforts are devoted to the psychological nar-
The drama has produced two pretty artistic as well as scientific manner. This rative, with a social or artistic background.
Flemish operas, performed at the National appears, first of all, in the very extensive Even Sova, a poet whose energetic verses
Theatre of Antwerp, De Bruid der Zee,' by
'
production of memoirs and descriptions, in I have often had to mention, could not
M. Nestor do Tiere, and De Vrouwkens '
which authors of all possible schools partake. resist the general influence, and wrote The '
van Brugge,' by M. Melis. Furthermore, The greatest stir in social and literary circles Romance of Ivo,' the history of a young,
M. Scheltjens has continued the series of his was caused by Machar's Feuilletons,' a col-
'
somewhat over-sensitive member of con-
violently realistic plays with Visscherseer.'
'
lection of reminiscences of the hard life of a temporary society who in a rural neigh-
In prose we have the delightful posthumous student and struggles of a literary beginner bourhood conceives a pure love for a girl,
fragments of Madame MacLeod {nee Sophie who, in time, turned out one of our pro- the member of an artistic family, and is in
Fredericq), the village stories 'Op Mijn minent authors. He draws here with start- the end given up by her from a desire for
Dorpken ' of the poet Pol de Mont, and the ling truthfulness sketches of persons with fame and incompatible with his dreams
art,
realistic Dikke Miel by M. R.
sketch '
' whom he had intercourse, of the difficulties of quiet family bliss. The novel is more an
Stijns, to mention three well-known old of a life which often troubles and depresses attempt than a mature work, and, like the
bauds. Among the young men, M. Frank youthful talent, and supplies glimpses of his majority of productions of its kind, is
Lateuv, the ' Stijn Streuvels " of whom I own mental development. Different is the burdened with beginnings which end in
spoke has continued the series of
last yeai", gentle tone of the narrative in which one of nothing, with too palpable allusions to
his brilliant successes in Holland with his our oldest novelists, Vaclav Vlcek, describes real events but, on the other hand, its
;
original stories of Flemish peasants of the scenes from his early years, under the title analysis of character, its observation of
';
outer and iuuer life, show great promise. A is an interesting, but isolated phenomenon Consequently they become spectators and
more experienced hand, though a little less on the Bohemian Parnassus, having created painters, who "feel their life in every
sentiment, is seen in Kronbauer's novel for itself a language of its own, full of rich, limb," and consider speculation a useless
'Ixina' ('Katheriue'). The scene includes a highilown, almost exalted imagery, which luxury. A similar resignation regarding
small country town and a large Bohemian snatches up the reader into mystical spheres speculation and human thought may show
farm the characters are types of people
; of a visionary world. itself in a conversion to Poman (
'atholicis-m.
met with in such circumstances an old Again I could produce a long list of names There is, however, only one instance of the
forester, a sedate grandmother, an indus- of the younger generation who write verses sort among our poets
that of Johannes
trious farmer, with his workpeople, and, on indefatigably and aim at a somewhat over- Jiirgensen, of whom I have spoken in I'ormc^r
the other hand, a dissipated man, who, excited and overdrawn poetry but it is not
; years. He has written this year two books
being placed at the head of a bank founded easy to single out those who excel in on Italy, treating it not as the cradle of art
on the savings of small people, robs it to be individuality and real depth. Interesting and the home of beauty, but as the homo of
able to satisfy his high and mighty ideas. is Opolsky's collection, Jedy a Leky
'
the Church. In the first part of his book,
The life of this social circle is drawn with (' Poisons and Antidotes '), owing to its '
Romerske IMasaikor ('Poman Mosaics'),
'
vigorous lines, but the second part, which concise language and sarcastic turn of he has supplied valuable contributions to a
brings the reader amongst the artists of thought while Dyk's talented verses also
; conception of what the Poman Church is
Prague, is a mere insufficient sketch. These represent well the satirical temper of the to-day to its adherents in the second part,
;
the one devoting its chief attention to the The drama abounds in more or less relates legends of martyrs in a poetic and
hero and his inner life, the other to the cir- successful attempts of new men. One piece pi-imitive style.Jorgensen, who was first a
cumstances and the society in which he was brought out which caused a great symbolist,much impressed by contemporary
moves and they are not without parallels.
; stir amongst the critics, Simacek's natural- French poets, seems now a great admirer of
The first kind especially is seen in a number istic play 'Ztracenf ('The Lost Ones'). the Poman liturgy he never gets tired of
;
of similar books, which, however, are still The author tries to copy real life that quoting passages from the Breviary.
more unfinished. The second also has is to say, the low everyday life of lost Another class of writers, and a very
imitators, of whom I may mention existences
and gives details which are numerous one, includes the cultivated peasant
Hladi'k, who has published two novels the less poetical the truer they are. On or the man from the country, rough and
of modern social life, Passion and '
the stage the play had no success, but the fresh, a little rustic, but keenly sensitive, a
Strength' and 'Punishment,' both full of work is not abortive in spite of that. The man who is not infected with the diseases
ideas and expressions gathered in Parisian author had a special object in view, and of old culture, not haunted with its mis-
circles. I do not intend to prolong the list carried it out consistently
to bring out givings, and wholly unscrupulous and un-
of authors of this sort, so I will only men- the moral misery of a certain class in such philosophic. He is, of course, by birth and
tion the energetic writing of Dyk's novel types as are found ready made in life. education a good democrat, and if he does
'
Shame and the overdrawn, but pleasant,
' And it seems that success was lost not not believe in anything else which may
'
Sweethearts,' by Miss Svoboda. by this tendency and the subject itself, possibly be the case
he believes, at any
Though narrative prose has occupied the which one has as much right to work out rate, in democracy. But he no longer culti-
field to a great extent, verse is not behind- dramatically as any other, but by reasons vates the people as the saintly being of
hand, at least in quantity. From the of a slighter kind for instance, the un- childish holiness and unworldliness which
unusually prolific pen of Vrchlicky I have necessary insistence on disagreeable details. it appeared to be to earlier poets. Very
to note two collections very characteristic I close with the mention of an interesting often he paints his fellow democrats as
of his inner life and work I let the :
*
practical movement in our literary life. The given to bad habits, especially as bound to
World pass by Me and Cid in the Light of
' '
writers who represent in large numbers a the ground. Others of these rustic novel-
Spanish Eomance.' The first booklet con- particular society, Maj, have decided to ists, on the contrary, consider the country
tains lyrics of resignation, the work of a form a publishing union and issue their still the home of undegenerate manliness.
man who has suffered much in mind, and own magazine. There is no doubt that As a type of the last I can name Peder P.
seeks comfort in philosophic peace and in this movement will influence the develop- MoUer, who has written a big novel, 'Sejr
his own productions as well as in thorough ment of belles-lettres considerably. og Thora,' in which rustic simplicity is con-
study of the poetry of foreign genius. This V. TiLLE. trasted with the emptiness and frivolitie.s
study led him also to write the Cid,' a '
of the capital, which he considers a great
work in which the poet appears united with DENMARK. centre of moral infection. More moderate
the scholar. It is not a direct translation Some years ago the regeneration of the in their views are writers like Edv. Egeberg
from the Spanish, but a reproduction, the world was expected from politicians and and Johan Skjoldborg, while Aakjfor pre-
fruit of deep research in the original litera- social reformers, but people have now sentssplendid pictures of his home, poor
ture, in which the author has gathered the become more modest in their expectations Western Jutland, with humiliating descrip-
best flowers and formed them into a com- they begin to see that the great question is whom he describe s
tions of the inhabitants,
plete wreath. It is one of the links in a man himself, and that any reformation as working animals almost without any of
large chain of works by which Vrchlicky which does not proceed from within and the blessings of culture.
has introduced foreign poetry into Bohemian tend to produce a new type of man is, if A very robust author is also Martin
literature. The resignation mentiontd not wholly worthless, at any rate not of Andersen Nexo, who writes voluminous
above does not prevent him from displaying much value. novels about decidedly unpleasant people,
indefatigable activity, and the magazines there are writers who try to paint
Now with a sharp eye for all their lower passions.
have already brought out specimens of two man as a piece of nature, good or bad, as However, tlie world soon gets tired of ex-
further collections he is preparing. he was born, a little thread in the great tensive vulgarity without a single redeem-
A
strong and deep impression was caused tissue of life. They do not pretend to start ing feature. Of mere vulgarity you cannot
by Machar's new collection of poems, Gol- '
a philosophy, they simply give their impres- make literature.
gotha.' Machar presents here a thorough sion of what they feel and see as vividly Pefinement, however, has also its culti-
and greatly improved revision of his earlier and as picturesquely as possible. haveWe vators. I may name first a young and very
work, a rich and varied harvest of several a number of young impressionists of the promising man, Harald Kidde, who Im.s
years, the contents of which are charac- sort, such as Johannes V. Jensen, who has written a most beautiful book, Aage og '
gion,' 'Priests,' 'Fatherland,' 'Patriotism,' of the Danish king Christian II. (l.Jl3-'2.}), all the tender feelings of a reliiunl hoy who
Patriots.'
'
His verses are powerful in in which there is not an ounce of history or leavesa lovely home to face thorough winds nf
style and matter. A S2)lendidly got-up study, only a picturesque display of human tho world and theoxporienco.sof life or, more
collection of poems, adorned by drawings life in its natural strength and colour. In correctly, of douth, wliidi robs him()f all ho
of the sculptor Bi'lek, has been pub- general it may be said of these authors that loves best, and repeatedly makes hiin renew
lished under the title '
Puce' (' Hands ') by they are opponents of civilization, because his vow to /lati' life and only ciierish tho
Bi'ezina, who
shares with Bi'lek a mystical, it seems to them useless, or unablo to counter- memories of his beloved dead. The book,
almost visionary, tendency. This mysticism balance the great miseries of human life. however, is not yet finished a new volume
'
of it is in preparation and will next spring unripe fruit of youthful reflection on our perhaps in its essence, but infinitely varied
show the reader the author's final con- responsibility towards our children and the in its form.
clusion concerning his young hero. Another solidarity of generations. The other describes It can be said, without being para-
writer who also possesses a good deal of the descendants of an old aristocratic family, doxical, that at perhaps no other epoch
refinement in a very artistic strain is Sophus in whose veins blood has become too thin has the drama in this country produced
Michaclis, who before Christmas published to produce anything but pale dreams and a greater number of interesting works
a novel about mediasval Italy, speaking of eccentricities. There is a certain power in than during the past few years. Never
the great artists of the time in strongly the description of moral depression united before have so many dramatic authors
coloured prose. His wife, Karin Michaiilis, with great imaginative and poetic gifts written plays showing such true observation
has published 'Barnet' ('The Child'), in which may be called promising in so young or such subtle analysis. But it must at the
which she tells the tragic story of a poor a man. same time be admitted that not one of these
little girl who is dying on the threshold of I have still to note a few collections of plays is in a class by itself, with the excep-
life. The story presents a portrait of a lyrics, which I put last, though they are by tion perhaps of L'Enigme,' by M. Paul
'
precocious, hysterical little being, withbright, no means least in merit. First, there is a Hervieu. This piece, which adds yet another
nervous eyes. The young author Edith beautiful collection by Valdemar Eurdam, to the number of great successes at the
Nebelong in her Maja Engell' has also
' 'Dansk Tunge' ('The Danish Tongue'), Comudie Fran9aise, has only two acts, but
portrayed a young girl in the stage which is exquisite in melody and beauty. they are the work of a master. If the
which makes experiments, who begins The author strengthens his claim to classic art of all ages be that which con-
life with a firm resolution to keep herself be the richest of younger Danish poets. centrates the most emotion and thought
straight, and who succeeds in doing so, though Then there is a collection, Eoserne' (' The '
in the fewest words with the greatest clear-
she is very often tempted to give way. Eoses '), by Aage Matthison - Hansen, ness, then M. Hervieu in L'Enigme' proves'
There is much excellent study of the ever- which is a little below his usual level. himself a pure classic. He regenerates in
changing moods of such a young mind in Peculiar in its rigidness and disbelief in all it French and in his own way draws near
art,
this book. human hopes and things is Viggo Stucken- to the art of an iEgchylus or a Sophocles.
A book of a jovial and national character berg's Sne (' Snow '). Olaf Hansen pub-
' '
While rendering the justice which is its due
isJacobKnudsen's'Gsoring'C Dawn of Life'), lished a little collection of poems, Under- '
to M. Paul Hervieu's play, I do not mean
in which the author, cleverly enough, has pro- vejs (' On the Eoad'), in which are found
'
to suggest that the other pieces produced
duced a picture of life in aGrundtvigian circle some beautiful verses called In the Town '
since last July are without merit. Several
(Grundtvig wa?, as is perhaps known, the of Euins' (Visby, in Gotland), and
the are interesting. M. Gustavo Guiches's '
Le
popular prophet of Danmark, in certain a few songs to Iceland, which is seldom Nuage obtained
' a moderate success at the
respects offering a parallel to Pusey). In thought of in Danish poetry. But the author Comedie Fran^aise. It is a daintily written
many points, however, the description de- is a connoisseur of its literature and a play, somewhat uncertain in its purpose,
generates into parody, but there are bright lover of its scenery. In Blaumiiller's but relieved by brilliant touches. Le *
demoralized, men and women throwing them- they point out how that same admiration played at our second national theatre, may
selves away in empty flirtation. On being carries it from one extreme to the other, be mentioned in company with M. Henri
put to the test before the truthful mirror how it tries to reconcile the admiration Lavedan's play. It is not a masterpiece,
every one is shown in his true shape only of symbolism with that of the Parnassians, nor even a very powerful work, but it con-
Gawain and the queen's maid, Gwendolen, and how it becomes infatuated by turns tains both a representation of manners and
remain as they are. Between them a warmer with Tolstoy, Ibsen, D'Annunzio, and a sequence of comedy and melodrama in
feeling springs up. At last they are Fogazzaro. Certainly, since last July no other words, all the elements essential to
banished from the Court, till in the final new school has arisen to replace the old, the theatre. "Masterpiece" is too strong
scene of the drama Gwendolen reveals her- but is that sufficient reason for the use a word to apply to M. Abel Hermant's
self as Florine, who has followed him in an of such a term as " literary anarchy " ? L'Archiduc Paul,' though it is only right
altered shape on his earthly meanderings, What so styled is, as we shall see in the
is to say that this author, who has achieved
and now that he has proved himself true course of this literary sketch, nothing more great success in the past, has not failed to
draws him home (through death) to her than a great variety of works and of talent. keep up his reputation. L'Archiduc Paul
'
heavenly country. The whole is a free com- When we have reviewed the dramatic, is a very pretty comedy, marred by its
position, based on the geaeral features of old poetic, philosophic, historic, and sociological ending en vaudeville. It is at one and
tradition. The drama has not yet been put works, the fiction and books of criticism, the same time a picture of manners, a social
on the stage, and perhaps it would present which have been published since our last satire, and a study of character. It is, be-
some difficulties, such a scene as that with review, and which have made their mark neath its light surface, a serious play and a
the truthful mirror always being a little among the successes of the year, we shall work of remarkable skill and ability. One
dubious in its effect on the stage. arrive, I think, at the following conclusion must not, however, seek in it what the
Books in a different line are Sven Lange's that there is something better to do than to author has never meant to give us a serious
'HjertetsGerninger' ('Deeds of the Heart'), depreciate and reject all that is not fashioned picture of the duties and sufferings of kings ;
a modern neurotic novel of new times that dis- after one particular model, and that is to but only what he has intended to depict
solve old homes, and two big novels of very receive with equal eagerness, from what- a criticism somewhat overdone of
young men Eace,' by Frederic Poulsen, and
' ever quarter they come, by whatever ideal their petty vexations. The robust talent of
' Hallingerne (a family name), by Theodor
'
they are inspired, those works which ofi^er M. Francois de Curel attacks more serious
Ewald. The first of these is rather an an original interpretation of beauty one problems. In La Fille Sauvage he
' '
' '
has sketched the symbolic legend ot' evokes the mystic charm of uight. Whether must record the fact that wo are uot ou the
Humanity. The idea beautiful,
is lofty and Albert Samain views Love us the brother eve of seeing the death of the novel one ;
though, unfortunately, the incident chosen to of Death, or whether he sketches a land- is even tempted to complain that it is too
I represent it is improbable and out of place. scape and endows it with a strange life by full of life, and that it unduly absorbs the
The author has attempted to crowd into the some subtle sympathy, he never forces the energy of our writers. There is a pretty
play, the action of which takes place in a note. He was one of the most fascinating general opinion in the world of letters that of
" few years," the immense psychical evolu- poets of our time. all the classes of literature that which pro-
tion of humanity throughout the ages. This Two poets who were the promoters of duces the fewest really fine works is fiction.
compression brings about effects which are symbolism have added to their already I cannot now discuss this opinion, but I must
abrupt and uot always sublime. La Fille '
considerable output
M. Jean Moroas admit that several productions this year seem
Sauvage is the unequal work of a master,
' has published his Stances and M. Emile
'
' to make it credible. M. Paul Bourget is the
which leaves us, in spite of its power, Verhaeren Petites Logendes.'
' If com- author of many novels, inimitable by reason
with a feeling of incompleteness. Our ex- parisons were still in fashion it would, per- of his powers of psychological analysis,
perience was much the same when we saw haps, be interesting to show in what way but apparently just now the author of Le '
which MM. Hugot and de Saint-Arroman Suffice it to say that the art of M. Jean has published no book which is likely to
have adapted from M. Zola's novel. To Moreas is inspired by Grroco-Latin traditions, add to his reputation, already, of course,
adapt a novel to the stage is by no means and that it is well balanced and har- great and unquestioned. M. Bourget has
an easy task. A novel is a work of analysis moniously proportioned, while that of M. put all the pathos of which he is capable
and description intended to be read at Verhaeren is ready - witted, wild, and into his latest work, '
Monique.' It is at
leisure ;a play is a work of action and rugged, the outcome of an impetuous firstsomewhat strange to find the author of
synthesis meant to be seen and heard by and semi-barbaric temperament. M. Ver- '
Crime d'Amour and of Cosmopolis de-
' ' '
with the *' social" plays, and it is not the melodies. His volume contains a number more vigorous qualities. It is a novel
only production of the year that could be so of musical and plastic verses, embellished of high moral scope, in which the in-
defined. Indeed, the "social" phase has with beautiful imagery and expressing noble comparable analyst of Le Disciple *
been depicted on the stage in several works. emotions in language always clear and pure. once more shows his great talent. M.
Madame Marni in Manoune studies the' '
Whether he marvels at the ever - varying Paul Adam has but a distant relation-
relations between servants and masters M. ; spectacle of the seasons, or whether he ship to M. Paul Bourget, though his last
Jean Jullien in L'Ecoliere the status of the
' '
mourns in contemplation of the mystery book, L'Enfant d'Austerlitz,' discloses also a
'
stricted during the present year. A quantity breezy stanzas. An inspiration from Arcadia, what loses in brilliancy and cohesion
it
His book is full of reflection on the past, which irresistible. The school which they repre- 'Le Ferment' could never pass unnoticed.
to his conception was less vulgar and less sent marks a phase in poetic evolution, but They proclaim a deeply observant writer,
grossly positive than the present age. He no single man seems to have talent great a scorner of theory and master of style,
sings of death in flowing stanzas. Gabriel enough to distinguish that phase by his who goes straight to the point and depicts
Vicaire sounded in contemporary art a joy- own name. Symbolism remains apparently life in all its simplicity. has not Why
ful note, exuberant and full of robust health. something more or less anonymous. We M. Estaunir given us a real work? His
latest production, L'Kpave,' is indeed but
'
Albert Samain's talent contrasts strongly owe it much, because, partly by inspiration,
one might almost say a novel
with that of Gabriel Vicaire. In his post- partly by execution, it has given new life a novelette,
humous volume, Le Chariot d'( >r,' he
'
to a poetry long concealed by the brilliant
with a purpose, wliich proves very little.
remains as he revealed himself in his earliest But Parnassus has M. Estaunie'a pictures of life in small towiis
rhetoric of Parnassus.
verse, a personality extremely sensible to left behind it several definite performances, lack impartiality and often juhtico, but Imu.-t
sufrering, with a heart whose least emotion and the symbolists have, perhaps, only admit he has a conception of life, a tabto
of
wakens mournful echoes. He never lost paved the way for more vigorous spirits. for nature, and, abovo all, that gift
simplicity which, intonsified, made Guy de
his longing after ages long past and cities Of the various forms which go to make
Maupassant a master. The first
- named
whose glories have departed. His last work up our modern literature fiction is without
This yoarasrain I qualities cannot be imputed to M. lidouard
contains some weird verses in which he disnute the most prolific.
dispute orolific.
' ;
not permit me to review all the works of lectual and moral condition up to the time deeds of the allied armies are depicted.
MM. Lichtenberger, Bordeaux, Pravieux, of the siege of Toulon), revives the sub- M. Comte Fleury has published Les
le '
the life of the peasantry in Berri. Several His latest work, 'La Dernicre des Romano w, records are searched with indefatigable
chapters remind one of Pierre Loti
higher eulogy than is implied by this com-
Elisabeth I"^
thanks to the abund-
' sagacity. Taine has in France a few devoted
ance and variety of his documentary evi- disciples who have taken to his method, and
parison with the celebrated Academician dence, thanks also to his perfect knowledge divested it of the somewhat systematic cha-
could not be jiassed on the talent of M.
Louis Boule. It is not for me to criticize
of the milieu and the people
supplies a real racter which often distinguished the works of
and living picture of the country, something the author of Origines de la France ('ontem-
'
* Un Vieux
Celibataire,' by M. Jules Pra- altogether opposed to the conventional idea poraine,' and it can be said that many of
vieux. of Russia to which we have been accustomed the historical productions of the year have
Studies, researches, and the publication ever since the days of Voltaire. In a series not fallen far short of perfection. All our
N 3897, July 5, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 13
historians abstain from generalities, and MM.Fournicre and Bourdeau both do- might almost be said that he carries im-
leave philosophy to be dealt with by books vote a volume to social philosophy. ]\[. pressionism to too great a length. This
devoted to
it
what the}- endeavour Fourniere in his 'Essai sur I'Individualismo' remark could not well be applied to M.
to obtainand what they publish is fact, seeks to reply to the reproach often made Arthur Chuquet, who has steered a middle
documentary fact. If this zeal does not against Socialism that it absorbs the in- course in the important critical work which
abate, and there is ever}' reason to dividual in the State. To M. Fourniere it he devotes to Stendhal - Beyle.'
'
In it
believe that it the twentieth
will not, appears that Socialism lends itself more he depicts that curious man, and studies
century will, by its historical publications, favourably to the free expansion of the in detail a work which had a great
reform many current opinions. More individual than any other system, by foster- influence on the second half of the nine-
and more will the domain of the unknown ing the spirit of co-operation which alone teenth century. The author has brought
become restricted. A few historical figures sets personal activity going. No one has a scrupulous conscience to bear on this work,
are studied with such careful exactitude, employed science and sagacity to better a constant care for tho truth of his in-
such accuracy in research, that the future purpose in unravelling the tangled skein of formation and the justice of his conclu-
will find nothing to change. It is thus contemporary Socialisna than M. Jean Bour- sions. So much cannot be said for M. Paul
that Arvede Barine in La Jeunesse *
deau. His book, L'Evolution du Social-
'
Frauche, who has just written Le Pri'tre '
de la Grande Mademoiselle,' and M. Stry- isme,' is the most complete history of dans le Roman Fran(,ais.' M. Franche's
ienski in Marie Joseph de Saxe et la Cour
'
Socialism which has appeared during the foremost quality is not impartiality. Here
de Louis XY.,' have given us portraits of last thirty years. It is easy to see that in truly do we find "subjective" criticism in
their heroines which are definitive. M. France sociological studies are coming more all its A
large Parisian firm has
severit}'.
Pierre Calmettes in Choiseul et Yoltaire,
'
and more into favour, to the detriment of published La
Hic'rarchie Catholique,'
'
d'apres des Lettres Inedites,' has with a most works of pure philo.sophy. We move in which gives a description of all the great
expert hand raised the veil which covered an epoch of transformation from which living Roman Catholics, but does not dis-
the relations between minister and writer. the society of to-morrow is being evolved. play such an acrimonious spirit as the
He knows the value of a "document," and People are enamoured of those books which book just mentioned. The reproach of par-
he possesses critical acumen two qualities contain the theories and ideas on which some tiality cannot with any degree of fairness
which go to the making of history. say the city of the future will be founded. be applied to M. Eugene Veuillot, who has
Among the problems which exercise public Is it necessary to add that too often these published the second volume of his great
opinion just now there is one which is all works are filled with stillborn Utopias ? and vigorous study on '
Louis Veuillot.' M.
important as concerning life to-day, the '
La Formation du Eadicalisme Philoso- Eugene Veuillot has restored for us the life
reform of higher education. M. Alfred phique La
Jeunesse de Bentham,' by of his brother just as it was, not painting
Fouillt'e, whose watchful intellect looks ever M. Elie Halovy, is another social study. M. the past with the colours of the present, but
for an opportunity to make of philosoph}' a Halevy has gone through his scheme with judging it with independence and avoiding
living thing, has written La Reforme de '
scrupulous conscientiousness and minute the reproduction of bitter things, of occa-
I'Enseignement par la Philosophie,' which care, following from thinker to thinker sionally extravagant feeling.
is truth the question of the day.
in M. the development of each idea which ends Among works of travel the public has
Fouillee is, as all know, a staunch advocate in or apart from the Radicalism of Ben- accorded a peculiarly flattering reception
of classical education. While he in no tham. Works pure philosophy still
of to M. Foureau's D' Alger au Congo par
'
wise suggests banishing from our democratic retain their favour with a select circle. M. le Tchad ' and M. Georges Claretie's *
De
and industrial country modern practical Renouvier, in his Histoire et Solution des
' Syracuse a, Tripoli.' The latter, by the
teaching, at the same time he does not wish Problemes Metaphysiques,' appears to have wealth and picturesqueness of liis evi-
that the general educational level should, wished to recapitulate all his work in order dence, by his valuable studies on Tunisian
under pretence of equality, be lowered or to transmit to his juniors the reflections art, and by the vivacity of his narrative,
that a country like France should be de- suggested to him by the history of meta- has attracted the admiration of both artists
throned from its intellectual eminence. M. physics. M.
L. Bray in his Essai sur ' and men of letters.
Fouillee considers that teaching should be all rOrigine I'Evolution du Sens Esthetique
et
'
Fiction, thedrama, poetry, history, and
supplemented and quickened by philosophy interests himself in evolving the significa- criticism, all branches of French literature,
that philosophy should have a large part tion of primitive, natural, and organic mani- are passing through a period of expectancy.
in all education but the philosophy for
; festations of beauty. M. Queyrat in La * Among our writers are some who have ac-
which he asks is social philosophy, which Logique chez 1' Enfant studies the psycho- '
complished their task will the others, what-
;
concerns itself with the great problems of logy of a child's ideas and conclusions. ever talent they may show, resist the vigorous
morality and sociology. M. Oasip-Lourio's M. Dugas's book, '
Psychologie du Rire,' thrust of the rising generation? What
book on La Philosophie Sociale dans le
'
recapitulates the many theories regarding may we expect from that rising generation ?
Theatre d'Ibsen may be placed in the seems almost impossible that another
'
laughter, and discusses them with the object It
same category. Must we see a pessimist of showing that the laugh cannot be em- school should be formed after tho many of
in Henrik Ibsen? To his mind society is braced in any theory that it is, indeed, which the last half of the nineteenth century
in an ill state, it rests on hypocritical con- not a matter of science at all. saw the birth and death. Some formula
ventions, on lies, but he believes in the good- There are in France to day two groups of which has never been employed before would
ness of human nature
its goodness, that is critics. Some, pure impressionists, will pass be necessary. But all possible formulas
We
have been used by turns in our time.
to say, in so far that, if it is left to itself, no judgment and conform to no rule others, ;
its ills and vices will disappear. In this on the contrary, pride themselves on the shall always have coteries formed by the
Ibsen shows himself utopiau, forgetting affinity of temperaments and tastes. But
application of rules and the passing of judg-
the true conditions of human nature in his numbers a school should be founded
new
ment. The second group, though it tliat
dreams of an unattainable perfection. M. in its ranks some of the most brilliant writers, nowadays, able to impose rules and fixed
Ossip-Lourii', whole-hearted ia his admira- gains few adherents. Nearly all the critical forms on our literature, seems most improb-
tion, can only see in tlie plays of the Nor- works of the year bear the names of authors able. Furthermore, can we wish for the
wegian dramatist great and powerful lessons belonging to the first group, with the ex- coming of such a school ?
Jl-I.ES PUAVIEUX.
8et out with a courageous candour. lie ception, however, of M. Albalat, who, in his
has left Ibsen only to study other foreign book La Formation du Style par I'Assimi-
'
or organ fails another developes with double she has not, even though she loved another, victim to their hostility without ever having
vigour, in precisely the same way writers made him happy. Sudermann does not been truly guilty, and without having in his
hitherto overlooked or little known have appear to be conscious that this woman, own soul faced and met his destiny. It is
this year come forward with productions whom he represents as a loving wife and a melancholy accident not a tragic catas-
which engage deep and serious attention mother, has lived a life of falsehood all these trophe. So Halbe's drama likewise ends
and should give new impulses to literature. long years he is not conscious that sincerity
; in the idle display of a technique devoid of
It is a long pilgrimage through the book- must set limits even to the most extensive real substance.
market and the dramatic shows of the year. personal freedom. Es lebe das Leben is
* '
In the quest for effective situations other
Much of no real weight or interest presents not only a poor drama, it is also immoral at writers, too, have followed the tendency of
itselfand endeavours to attract notice, but the core, and it is interesting to observe how the time. Franz Adamus, for example, who,
we pass by indifferently with a shake of the Sudermann, the virtuoso what with the in his '
Familie Wawroch,' would fain have
head. We grow weary of contemplating confusion of his subject-matter and the per- given a picture of contemporary social life,,
the multitude of wares turned out by a functory character of his mental operations has stuck fast in the crude and violent
mechanical art. But at last, escaped from has also lost the great technical dexterity sensationalism of the penny dreadful, and
the bustle of business, we find some quiet which he has hitherto shown. becomes grotesque rather than tragic. So,
corner, where only a few things are ex- Technical excellence at present is in the too, with Otto Ernst, whose 'Die grosste
hibited, and these few make amends for all ascendant. Stage effects are sought by Siinde describes the struggles of an atheist
'
the rest and appeal to our hearts. And to means of a current and superficial realism of sincere and strong convictions against
appeal to the heart that is precisely what the writer does not search in his own heart
;
In art there is no such thing as standing of the clergyman's house, and their lives, too, Triumphans,' Puss,' and ' Volksaufkla- '
still. All merely technical excellence is are threatened by the waters. Face to face rung,' Max Dreyer has taken the tendency
spoilt by poverty of thought, and lack of with death, a fanatical young clergyman has less seriously, but in attempting to procuro
genuine matter reacts upon formal skill and enjoined on him the task of reclaiming a satirical effects has only succeeded in being
ends by destroying it altogether. Sudermann's girl and bringing her to repentance, but he didactic. Instead of treating his subject
new play, Es lebe das Leben,' shows with
'
refuses to do this, on the ground that her sin dramatically he has played the pedagogue.
terrible clearness how greatly abilities even is too execrable finally, however, he does
; In all these pieces there is one character
of a high order are crippled by the want of speak to her, and touches her conscience, who takes the affirmative position, set
constant spiritual development. The drama but he declares that repentance alone would against another who takes the negative, and
has adultery for its theme, adultery com- be ineffectual to expiate her offence. She the one who represents Dreyer's opinion
mitted years before, and in order to set the must seek death in the service of others. finally gets the best of it. Still, the ques-
stone a-rolling Sudermann has supplied a This she accordingly does for his sake. No tions discussed are of a rather delicate
profusion of forced and insufficient motives arguments are required to point out that such nature Are we to tell our children the
:
which necessarily hamper the ease and a minister of Christ as this is impossible story of the stork or let them have the
smoothness of the dialogue. The husband every child that has read the New Testa- truth? Is it wrong for people of small
and the friend who has betrayed him both ment knows that Jesus Himself has given means to bring a numerous family into the
belong to the same Conservative party in
the Eeichstag. In consequence of certain
the final and indisputable answer to this
" problem." The craving for sensational
world ? questions which have been asked
innumerable leading-
and answered in
electioneering intrigues the baron's former effect is no less apparent in the plot of articles. Ecclesia Triumphans
* goes a '
intimacy with the wife of his friend is made Felix Philippi's drama Das grosse Licht.'
* little deeper. father, A
whose daughter
a matter of publicity, but the case is of such Artistic envy and its tragic results supply has lately married, voluntarily puts an end
a nature that there is still a possibility of him with his theme; he repeats the Marlowe to himself his son-in-law, a doctor, yield-
;
giving the lie to the report. This the husband tragedy, and, spicing the agony with a dash ing to considerations of his own worldly
and his friend resolve to do, so as to avoid of ingratitude, works up the passion to an interest, determines to falsify his report of
a scandal and maintain the interest of their outburst of madness. He is untroubled by the post-mortem examination, and to declare
party, which is at this moment publicly up- the consideration that in his play it is an that suicidewas committed during a fit
holding the sanctity of marriage in Parlia- artistwho envies an architect, and that the of mental derangement; the young wife
ment. Atonement, however, must be made, envy, contemptible in itself, is thus degraded opposes the falsehood with great energy.
even though a duel seems to be out of the to nothing better than a wholly groundless Here is provided at least, superficially
question. Accordingly the friend determines grudging of another's success. dramatic situation, but at the very moment
to take his own life. Only he asks for a The conflict in Max Halbe's play, Haus * when it is to be decided the curtain falls.
respite, and the guilty wife takes advantage Rosenhagen,' has a more genuine ring. Technical excellence being, as I said, in
of this respite to poison herself and so pre- The theme here is desire for the acquisition the ascendant, some authors of the older
serve her friend's life by her own death, for
obviously only_ one of them must die if they
of land a desire which has been inherited generation trouble themselves very little
for generations by a family of wealthy pro- about the state of the world or the ques-
are to succeed in avoiding a scandal and keep- prietors, and which they have indulged at tionings of their own ego, and continue to
ing their transgression a secret. It does not the expense of their weaker neighbours. tread the paths in which they met with
here greatly concern me to point out how The son of the house is about to enter, successes many years ago, and which still
feeble the motives are upon which Suder- literallyand in spirit, upon the inheritance offer fruitful dividends to the dramatist.
mann has based his drama, nor how every- of his fathers the passion which possessed
; Thus Paul Lindau in his play Nacht und '
thing is directed towards the effect of two them is to blaze up in him the enmity Morgen supplies that peculiar combination
'
;
particular scenes which indulge in shallow which they have sown of the drama of adultery with the romance
bear him strange
is to
stage sensationalism a graver fault is the
;
fruit. Halbe, however, has not succeeded of the police-court which he has learnt frona
play's inherent lack of truth. In his heart in maintaining the situation consistently Sardou. Oscar Blumenthal writes his vapid
Sudermann has taken the side of the adul- to its conclusion. The hereditary passion comedy Fee Caprice this time in verse,
'
'
terers. They have repented of their error; scarcely grows to any strength in the son. which does not show him to greater advan-
more, they have, in his opinion, expiated it He becomes attached to a girl, who plays tage than before. Adolf L'Arronge contrives
;
'
a purely imaginary situation for his play himself about literary qualities, has uu- modern movement, has written a play with
~ Die Wohlthiiter '
a son-in-law refuses to (^uestionably chosen the better part. the title 'Der Bann.' In it he has drawn
accept money from his father-in-law because The modern movement has been of more the character of a woman who feels that
he has the ambition to support his wife advantage than to the elegant
to the useful she must escape from the husband she does
independently of others and out of it arts; it has, perhaps, favoured "light not love and lly to the friend she has found ;
extracts the usual affecting scenes of the reading " rather than letters. It has her husband tortures and torments her, her
worthy citizen type. It is a mere chance done away with much worthless bombast friend offers her happiness and freedom.
that I have to notice these pieces now and conventionally pleasing characteriza- But she is incapable of following the tempt-
they might have been written just as well, tion ;an aspiration after sincerity has been ing voice and of making herself free, for
or even better, a score of years ago. successfully realized. In this respect the her husband has gained the mastery over
Form and substance ai-e one, all empty work accomplished by Zobeltitz, Wolzogen, her soul, he holds her prisoner in spite of all
technique is bad technique, and the choice and Meyer-Fcirster is, from the standpoint resistance, she is under his ban, and the
of modern forms will not enhance the value of culture, worthj^of no small consideration. attempt to escape only entangles her more
of a work of art. But since naturalism has Meyer- Forster has recently taken up his firmly in the intangible toils in which she
had its day writers have been seeking their light romance 'Carl Heinrich,' in which he languishes. The drama is written by a man
salvation in an affected romanticism, and gave a spirited and humorous account of of infirm health, and the characters are
with this the fairy-drama has become the the brief period of study passed at Heidel- morbid to the core but just as in the ;
fashion. It is a fairy-drama that Georg berg by a German crown prince, and by delirium of fever the sight may become
Hirschfeld has given us in his Der Weg '
adapting it for the stage as Alt-Heidel- ' extraordinarily acute, so here the heavy
zum Licht.' An elf of darkness, who dwells berg has scored the greatest popular
'
and awkward dialogue now and then
in the mountain- depths and fashions won-
success of the year a success not unde- contains a sentence which throws a sin-
drous jewel- work the young poet has made served. The student life is freshly delineated, gular light on the inner life. A similar
him the mouthpiece of many personal con- one or two types are very happily hit off, attempt is made in Eainer Maria Rilke's
fessions concerning the artist's sufferings and the little piece closes with a note of play, '
Das tiigliche Leben,' except that
gains power and authority over a fair mortal pensive, perhaps too obviously emotional, here it is a youthful poet who is incapable
maiden. But in the moment when he could reminiscence. It is, however, not wholly of coping with the events of common life
exercise this power and seize upon her for devoid of personal and individual touches. and tries to discover vital ideas hidden
Lis wife, he renounces her, vanquished In this connexion I may also notice J. V. behind them. Erich Schlaikjer, in his
by the thought of her love for a noble Widmann's moderne Antike, Lysander's ' comedy Des Pastors Pieke,' likewise
'
youth ;the renunciation exalts him to a Miidchen.' It is nothing more than an airy strikes one or two subtle chords of feeling,
higher level of being he is transformed and elegant conversation in dramatic form, but he is unable to create living and con-
into an elf of light. If Hirschfeld had but the way in which the delicate threads vincing characters. He has had the droll
worked out the inner development of the of the piece are spun together and the bright idea of showing how a parson is taught the
piece, as here indicated, consistently and and easy play of character show the very philosophy of life by his cook, a blunt,
dramatically if he had represented the qualities of the gifted Swiss politician. plain-spoken woman but the parson is no
;
struggle in this elf's bosom between brutal I turn to another group of authors, in better than a shadow, and the philosophical
desire and the dawning of a loftier and strong contrast to those of whom I have cook is a bloodless abstraction a purely
spiritual conception of love
perhaps he spoken. I have hitherto been concerned theoretical conception. Frank Wedekind
might have succeeded in producing a work only with the more or less dexterous applica- has ventured a step further into the gay
of art. But he has failed to grasp the tion of technical gifts, with the progress of realm of romanticism in his '
Marquis von
problem definitely in his mind, and in the those who keep on long - trodden paths, Keith,' a play dealing with the fashionable
fairy tale, no less than in other forms of with writing merely for writing's sake or to swindler and adventurer. With a delight
art, a clear and tender vision is required. win success still, the striving after new
;
in the grotesque that recalls E. T. A.
He has filled the long acts of his drama forms of expression, the struggle for an art Hoffmann he has set his daring figures
with much that is not essential, he has made adequate to our needs, has not been extin- dancing like marionettes, has held the
the decisive transformation take place in guished. And the struggle is in itself a mirror of caricature up to life and death,
the course of a conversation, and so it is gain, even though no victory be vouchsafed, has treated tragedy gaily and comedy
impossible to take much interest in his especially in Germany, where literature has seriously but he has fared no otherwise
;
characters, whether of fair}' or mortal mould, almost always been guided by rules of than the rest of those who have sought
even though one cannot help feeling that theory. Lessing once declared that if the theirkingdom outside the limits of this
Hirschfeld has inspired one or the other with choice were offered to him between truth workaday world. The realities of life, at
something of his own personality. After all, and the striving for truth he would ask the which he scoffs, scoff at him in their turn,
it is a far cry from lyric to drama. Felix latter for himself. Well, the struggle for a for he does not recognize the riches they
Dormann also may well have felt this when new art which shall give expression to our hold, his laughter is that of ignorance
he saw his Der Herr von Abadessa on the
'
' inmost being has also its own glory, even rather than of genuine superiority.
stage. Dormann is a talented lyrist, but when not yet forthcoming, and in
success is Gerhart Hauptmann's new play, Der '
the effect of his play was like that of a rote Hahn,' links itself on to his earher
the sphere of drama that is almost universally
spoken opera. Marx Mciller's produc- the case. comedy, Der Biberpelz.'
' To a great
tion, Frau Anne,' likewise gave one the
'
If names and generalizations are held of extent it the old
is characters who once
more make their appearance, and as in the
impression of a very thin and feeble opera any account one might say that all the
former case, so here a crime is the subject
without any trace of music. In this piece plays in which this new aspiration is
the fields of heaven open to our view, a predominant show a leaning towards of the drama. Frau Wolff, the principal
mother finds her dead child again in a romanticism. But perhaps it is not so character in Der Biberpelz,' has married
'
dream, but all that the dead child and St. much their romantic tinge that gives them again after her husband's death, and her
choice has fallen upon the cobbler Fielitz
Peter have to tell her she might have their distinctive character as their endeavour
;
that the author, who has simply aimed at Johannes Schlaf, who, as a forerunner of
pelz,' and yet it is bo no longer with the
entertaining his audience without troubling Hauptmann, belongs to the leaders of the ;
the boy has thus been taken from him, have their roots in personal experience. One takes us down among the literati of the cafis.
gradually becomes conscious that he loves is reminded of Burton's confession : Two of these, man and woman, who have
him he does not believe in his guilt, and
; " I have no wife nor children, good nor bad, lived together on terms of intimacy, both
suspects those who have really done the to provide for
a mere spectator of other men's they have exchanged with
utilize the letters
deed. lie takes an ineffectual pleasure in fortunes and adventures, and how they play each other to furnish forth a novel. In con-
discovering fresh arguments to support his their parts which, methinks, are diversely
; sequence of a fresh intimacy which has been
view, and so alarming and tormenting Frau presented unto me, as from a common theatre formed in the meantime this leads to much
Wolfl". At last it happens that when he or scene." comical confusion; here, too, "art" and
enters her room yet once more with this What, then, is the attitude of the artist reality are merged the one in the other,
intention, another guest crosses the thresh-
towards life towards the realities by which though, to be sure, only for the purpose of
old along with him
Death. The guilty he is surrounded, and the destinies which burlesque. Schnitzler has proved two things
woman's last hour has come, and, though are linked with his own ? That of a spec- in these new one-act plays of his that h :
the two have no suspicion of this, yet the tator. And not merely of a spectator, but draws his creations from his own mental
consecration that audi an hour uncon- of one eager to extract matter for his art experience, and that he is, at the same time,
sciously brings with it deprives their out of the sufferings of his neighbours. capable of mastering his impressions and
enmity of its sting. Face to face with Every experience through which he passes regarding them objectively
both prime
Death, Frau Wolff looks back upon her life. must be put to the service of his art. Thus requisites, it seems to me, in all true art.
Littlegood has it brought her, little good in the first of these pieces, which gives its And perhaps the desire for objectivity is
has she done. And
yet the past spreads name to the whole cycle, a young poet hears at present of greater weight with us than
itself out before her in colours that soothe that his mother has committed suicide so as the need of making personal confessions.
and console. She wished to accomplish to spare him the sight of her sufferings. In the literature of the year lyric production
something that was the force by which
; He is, indeed, deeply affected by the an- is decidedly in the background. No doubt
she was impelled. It was impossible to nouncement, but, at the same time, he the volumes of verse yearly thrown upon the
gain her wish by just and lawful means, knows that in his art he has the means market are numerous enough, yet I cannot
and she therefore had recourse to evil ones. given him to overcome his sorrow. In name any author of striking talent who has
But to accomplish something that desire '
Die Frau mit dem Dolche the problem is '
recently won renown by means of lyric
was always strong in her, and in her pitiful deeper. A
Venetian lady has lent an ear poems. And after all it is only the very best
fashion she has after all triumphantly to the prayers of her lover during the that counts in this kind of poetry. I may
preserved through wretchedness of one
it absence of her husband, a famous painter. mention that Carl Busse has published a
kind and another, and so has given her life Yet she loves the latter only. On his return new volume of verse, in which a true poem
a lustre, very faint, indeed, yet nonetheless she confesses her fault to him, and, out of is here and there to be found along with
consoling. All this she feels dimly and the love she bears him, draws her dagger much flimsy rhyming while Rudolf Presber
;
uncertainly, as the consecration of the last and stabs her lover with it. In the in his collection Aus dem Lande der
'
hour comes upon her; then Death approaches moment when she does this her husband Liebe sings many fresh and sprightly
'
and lays his finger on her heart. The steps up to her unfinished portrait and strains animated with a charming humour.
thoughts which here strive forform and paints and paints away at it. All this, A deep appreciation of natural scenery is
expression are the same as in Hauptmann's however, is a mere vision, a reminiscence apparent in Willy Pastor's poems, Natur '
retical opinion and remains such even in artist appears as a vampire sucking the exhibit a connexion with the thought and
the drama. It has not been set forth with life-blood of those nearest to him in the feeling of the time. And perhaps our need
sufficient poetical power to carry conviction. interests of his art. Finely conceived as of lyric emotion and susceptibility to it are
In Der rote Hahn we cannot follow the
'
'
these two pieces are, yet their execution more characteristically shown by the fact
transition from Frau Wolff the criminal to shows traces of laboured thought and that popular editions and selections from the
Frau Wolff on her deathbed they affect ; theoretical design. In 'Die letzten Masken' poems of Liliencron, Falke, Bierbaum,
us as two different people, whose real this year and
Schnitaler has expressed the same thought and Dehmel have appeared
natures have nothing in common. Haupt- with great and convincing artistic power. secured a large circulation.
mann has failed to give adequate form to The scene is in a hospital. A wretched Lyric emotion, more or less objectively
the ideas which have taken possession of actor, on whom death has set his mark, treated, manifests itself at its purest and best
his soul. And as in all his plays, or rather makes a study of the dying patients with in the sphere of fiction. And, indeed, fiction
more markedly than before, his new
still
the object of imitating their expressions and has now become the power which deter-
work_ has suffered from his want of A writer who has come very
attitudes. mines our artistic aims and the develop-
technique. Important connecting links are low down in the world, and is now on the ment of our literature.
left out in the development of the drama,
point of death, is seized with an impulse to If it may be truly said that the modern
non-essential matter is introduced, and the
send for the companion of his youth, a German novel has been enriched by the
action advances by confusing leaps and celebrated author, whom he hates, and to lyric strain, which has, indeed, made it a
bounds. Thus ideas, for which the action proclaim this hatred to the other's face. medium for the expression of psychological
of the play has not at all prepared us, are
The celebrated author does, indeed, come to sentiment, yet it is, on the other hand,
engrafted on the main theme in a fashion his bedside, yet the dying man cannot cast threatened with a danger in its approxima-
that appears doubly arbitrary. As a work off this last mask they talk of indifferent
; tion to drama, which has now likewise been
of art Der rote Hahn can lay claim to
' '
matters, and so the hour slips past. consummated. Dramatic effects are aimed
The
no great merit. It is interesting because
it testifies to the inner development
famous author, however, found this peep at by a multitude of novelists
effects which
of a into the hospital, and this meeting with can never equal those of the stage, but to
serious and strenuous artist, upon whom
his dying friend, "extremely interesting." which nevertheless.the steady, inner develop-
,
Arthur Schnitzler also seems somewhat light is flashed upon the depths of the in one, who procures for his country a law
involved in the bonds of theory at least, in human heart. Eeality is turned to jest, protecting its manufactures and a museum of
the first two plays of his dramatic cycle, jest to reality; and the author has himself antiquities. Drama here is joined to drama ;
before ho has laid it aside. Ernst von and among them are some notable literary attract and repel him. Singular characters
Wildenbruch has also aimed more at dra- performances. First I mention Felix appear upon the scene in plenty, but
matic than at epic effects in his Untor der '
Hollander's '
Der Weg Truck,'
dos Thomas Ijife has mado them mean and common ; it
Geissel.' Spectres are summoned up, Satan because it has enjoyed
considerable a is as a coarse hand had passed heavily
if
plays his dreadful part, madness is stationed success, but, from the literary point of view, over a sheet covered with delicate drawings.
at the opening of the tale and at its close, this insincere and inllated production is These people have had to adapt themselves
I the colours are glaring and the figures of absolutely no consequence. Adolf to their surroundings, and so they have
theatrical, but from the psychological point Wilbrandt's novel, Ein Mecklenburger,'
' cast off the Sunday clothes of their moral
of view all this expenditure of energy comes however, is educational in a better sense. being and shuffle along in hideous rags.
to nothing. It is much the same with It represents work as the great teacher. Murders are committed, young girls seduced
Eugenie delle Grazie's volume of stories, Certainly the wind which Wilbrandt sets and abandoned the husband takes no care
;
*
Liebe.'Here, too, striking contrasts are a-blowing to drive his bark so surely to or thought for his wife, he gads about with
brought into dramatic opposition, the scene the desired haven is somewhat theoretical, other women and exposes his children to
of action is artificially harmonized with the certainly he has conjured into his characters misery. The book has no outward develop-
events, the atmosphere is skilfully suggested, too much of his own philosophy of life but ;
ment the Triumphgasse is and remains a
;
but the elaborate and affected style does not then he has given his hero a cheerful and place of wretchedness, and if some of the
touch the heart. Finally, the reader feels as manly humour, and if we do not actually actors in this pitiable drama leave the stage,
though he were set down in a green-room feel his experiences as our own, yet we listen others enter and take up their parts. But
full of lifeless models, upon which rich to them sympathetically. It is like leaving beneath the surface there runs a strange
draperies and fancy dresses are arranged. school for the realities oflife to turn from current of events. A vein of romanticism
Two other collections of short stories may Wilbrandt's Mecklenburger to Georg von
'
' descends upon the Triumphgasse and its
be taken as characteristic examples of what Ompteda's C'iicilie von Sarryn,' for here
'
inhabitants. The unreal is fulfilled. Wo
has been accomplished, in the good sense of the theoretical purpose is kept in the back- hear now how the murderer became a mur-
the word, in that department of literature ground ; life itself speaks and teaches. derer. He passed one night gallows on
Paul Heyse's 'Ninon und andere Erziih- Cilcilie von Sarryn is an old maid late in ; which a corpse hung, heard a whistling and
lungen and Use Frapan's Schreie.' And
' '
life she rejects the chance of happiness knew that it was the man upon the gallows
here it is evident how deeply
at once offered by marriage because other duties whistling to him felt how a stranger-soul
:
modern German narrative is penetrated by claim her. She has to take the place of took possession of his soul, and that very
the lyric element. In these tales of Heyse mother towards the orphan children of her night he perpetrated his first murder. Yet
we feel, as it were, the spirit and movement sister. And while she thus assumes the the last word is not spoken by romanticism
of a gentle rhythm. There is something in office of educator she begins herself to be either a new transformation sets in,
;
them that transports one to the realm of educated by life. The children entrusted to We begin to see the souls of these people
dreams, reality sinks out of sight, old her charge supply many experiences which as they originally came forth from the hand
memories awake, and the sound of the cannot easily be reconciled with her old- of God memories from some former state
;
narrator's voice is heard, hushed and low, maidish opinions, but she accommodates of existence stir and rise up within us we
as when one speaks among familiar friends herself to her situation. Necessity stands surmise dimly that they will return to the
drawn round about the hearth. The actual by her imperiously and compels her to con- hand of their Creator in pristine purity when
incidents of the stories are very seldom told quer self. And while she does so, her mental once the breath of life has left them. For
at first hand the narrative is almost always
; horizon expands her figure attains to
; the soul retains its majesty in all the degra-
put into the mouth of a subordinate greatness. From being a martyr to duty dations of life. And, indeed, this is the true
character, and almost always years have this old maid becomes a heroine of duty action of the book, that all masks and dis-
elapsed since the event occiirred thus the ; fulfilled. The meaning of life and death is guises are stripped off, and souls reveal
colouring is subdued and harmonized. In made plain to her soul, and she embodies themselves as souls. Behind the phantas-
one of these tales, Tantalus,' Heyse has
'
in herself a complete humanity. And magoria of life stand the eternal forms. So
treated precisely the same theme as Kipling though the woman thus grows to greatness the Triumphgasse, where poverty and misery
in his Light that Failed
'
but while in ' ; within the limits of ordinary everyday expe- have their homes, is turned into a place of
Kipling the main incident, the blinding of rience, Ompteda has yet preserved the triumph and festival for the soul. " Allea
the painter, takes hold of us and thrills us original lines of character with great art. Vergiingliche ist nur ein Gleichnis."
with absolute directness, it affects us here Ciicilie von Sarryn was at no time clever, nor I set foot upon the ground of reality
with a pensive sadness like that produced does she become so her intellect, as such,
; once more in Emil Strauss's novel Freund '
by a melody as it dies away in the distance. can gain no further growth. But life affords Hein.' It tells very simply the story of a
It is otherwise with Use Frapan. Her work her experience and bestows revelations upon school})Oy who takes his duties seriously,
is direct in its character these "cries" are
; her soul, and she thus gains more than yet cannot, with all his efforts, succeed in
wrung from her by the social sufferings of cleverness
she gains wisdom. Ompteda mastering the ordinary school tasks for ;
the time. Outwardly it might seem as if has painted the picture of this old maid in his soul lives wholly in music. And the
there were something dispassionate, strongly soft and subdued colours throughout; his growth of this soul under the influences of
objectivr', almost businesslike in the style portrait is objective. But it is precisely music is marvellously described how nature
of her narrative, and
in this respect, cer- when ho depicts the incidents of daily and begins to whisper music in his ear, how his
tainly, she may be compared to Heyse she familiar life that he can touch the heart earliest compositions struggle into shape
never raises her voice she preserves clear
; most surely. from out the depths of liis lieing, how life
transparency of form oven when she stirs And now for the throe books of the year appears to him unreal, music the one
the emotions most deeply. J3ut inwardly we the books whidi have in very truth given and only reality. Finally it comes, as it
feel how ardent lier sympathy is, how pas- our recent literature its individual stamp, were, to a rupture between him and the
sionate her interest we are swept into the
; and which afford something like repose after commonplace of life. It is no longer pos-
sible for him to live on his hapless soul is
thick of the struggles of our time, and wo a long pilgrimage through tlio book market. ;
perceive to what an extent personal experi- In those three books outward events and lost in the mazes of music. But just at the
9
'
18 ^1^
li K ATHEN^UM N^SSOr, July 5, 1902
moment when the dissonance between his power, instinct with design, manifests itself School there, D. iSarros. A good deal of
inner and the outer world has become
life in the dispensations of chance. attention has been attracted by a history
unendurable Friend liein (Death) appears Thinking of 'JiJrnUhl,' I see stretched of Greece from the Roman domination to
as his deliverer. He is seized with a sort before my eyes the broad and fruitful the present day, the first volume extend-
of home- sickness which fills his brain with lands of German soil, inhabited by a reso- ing to Justinian's time. The author, who
visions of all kinds, and at length conducts lute and vigorous race, and I say to myself writes as Argyris Epthaliotis, and was pre-
him to the world beyond he takes his own : that this soil will bear fruit in the future, viously known only as a writer of belles-
life. But it is, indeed, as a true friend that
even as it has in the past fruit of many lettresy has called his book ''lo-Topia tz/s
Death presents himself the craving of the ; kinds. Ernst Heilbokn. 'Vojfj.iiocrwii'i,' and written it in popular lan-
soul for repose has become all-powerful. guage. This title and a style unsuitable for
And so in this novel, too, the claims of history have been fairly subjected to com-
the spirit are higher than those of life, GEEECE. ment and have damaged an otherwise in-
and since the case stands thus, Death On this occasion I as well begin my
may teresting book. The custom of the Byzan-
loses all his terrors. yearly summary of Greek
literature with tines, who generally called themselves
The author of Jorn Uhl,' the third novel
'
two works of special philological value, but Romans, does not commend itself to the
deserving special attention, is Gustav also of some general interest. I refer to people of Greece, as smacking of their
Frenssen, the Protestant clergyman of a '
The Composita of the Greek Language,' conquerors. Greeks will be Greeks, cer-
country village in Holstein. And, as one a serious contribution to linguistic history tainly not Romans. Even in their bitterest
might expect, his novel is constructed in by G. Tzerepis, and the Glossarial Studies
' thraldom under Turkey the idea of Hellenism
strict accordance with the Christian concep- of Prof. G. Chatzidakis, a collection which was strongly impressed on them. This is
tion of life, yet at the same time it takes on contains, besides other papers, his writings shown by Prof. Politis in his Greeks or
'
a strongly personal and individual stamp. on the etymology of the name Moreas, on the Romans ? The attempt to introduce into
'
It is not merely that his love is greater for Greek origin of the ancient Macedonians, historical description popular idiom only
the sinner than for the narrow-minded and the derivation of the names Messarea and tolerated in poetry is not in accordance with
rigidly righteous, but there is also an almost Mistras, and the linguistic question in the desire of the nation on ethnic grounds
;
sensual joy in it. He does not look on Greece. To bibliography belongs my own the Greeks wish to be purists. So the experi-
nature as opposed to God he cannot blame ; '
Athenian Book Writers and Book Owners ment of translating the Gospel into popular
the lovers who on a fair night of May have in the MiddleAges and during the Turkish dialect by Alexander Pallis was regarded as
given themselves up to each other body Domination,' which supplies accounts alto- anti-national and anti-religious, and led last
and soul, before the priest has bestowed his gether of fifty-four " scribae " instead of the November to a rising of the students and
blessing what is according to nature is
;
three or four previously known. Prof. Politis people of Athens which ended in fatal scenes
also, in his eyes, a revelation of the Divine has published the second and third volumes and the resignation of the Government.
Being. In this case, too, the course of the of his notable collection of proverbs. This year, finally, the fifth volume of Lam-
novel is purely psychological. Jurn Uhl, Of equal interest are various pieces of bros's great History of Greece has con-
' '
growing up on a farm which has fallen into historical writing within the last twelve cluded the work.
neglect and decay, sets himself at an early months. To this category belong first the With the political events of the last
age to a life of toil and labour. But his publications of material concerning the Tur- ten years are concerned the AVorks *
soul pines and languishes in such toil. He kish domination and the war of liberation. of Alexander Byzantioe,' a well - known
struggles hard to keep the property of his Johann Vlachojannis has in his Athenian ' publicist, which have been collected into
fathers in his own possession, but just as he is Archives supplied important original docu-
'
a volume by his brother after his death.
on the point of succeeding fate strikes him ments. His Athenian Analecta may be
'
Here, too, I must mention the publication
a heavy blow the farm premises are burnt regarded as a pendant to this book, in which
'
vincing figures. All of them, perfectly the newspapers of the island up to 1900. meda and Perseus,' Comnenus and
*
distinct from each other as they are, have Demetrius Paschalis has made an interest- Theodora.' The last deals with the taking
yet one striking attribute in common they
are all children of the same plot of German
ing monograph out of the life and works of of Thessalonica by the Turks in 1430.
one of the most active patriarchs of Alex- Nicholas Lascaris has produced various one-
ground. And a singularly defiuite impres- andria (1746-67), known as Matthew of act comedies. A. Nicolaras has written a
sion of natural scenery and its influence is
Andros. The battle of Salamis has been beautiful play on Ariadne. The best pub-
produced by this particular portion of Hol- newly discussed, with technical knowledge, lication of the dramatic year is the Aristo- '
bo revealed at present. The poem itself in poems as well as criticisms, left them haps be traced in Maurits Wagonvoort.
is not without merit, but has nothing of after Yerburgh had proclaimed his low He
also writes novels when travelling
Ossian's swing about it. The first place in views of poetry, and characterized this pre- allover the world, and he, too, is
helles-lettrcs this year belongs to an old tended evolution of the art of 1880 as carried on by the stream of modern
laureate of the nation, Dionysius Solomos, no better than a defective imitation of it. time.
But and here their ways part
whose poems have appeared in the Indeed, art for its own sake will always Wagenvoort in his Ploorten ('Snobs') '
'
Maraslis Library in a new critical edition, win the game. As MarcoUus Emants has leaves the standpoint of a dispassionate
with a thorough introduction by Kostis it, "Not until the reading public require observer to write a satire on the agents of
Palamas. This issue contains unpublished from the artist a broader and deeper impres- wars and oppression. The author must
Italian poems, as Solomos, a friend of sion of life than they are able to get by have felt this defect, and he has atoned for
Foscolo, also wrote in that language. The their own senses, and ask him to leave to it to a great extent by not excepting oven
native place of the poet, Zante, celebrated the preacher and the teacher what is theirs his hero from the general snobbishness.
this June his centenary and unveiled a not until then will the stream of flippant After all that was said of Styn Streu-
statue in his honour. A Zante committee stories dry up." To this principle Emants vels in the review of Dutch literature
have in preparation a new edition of his rigorously adheres in his own novelistic last year, it suffices to state that his new
works, which will contain unpublished works, of which a new one, Inwyding,' *
volume of stories, 'Doodendans,' is up to his
matter. Srvii. P. Lambros. has been published. It has been very well mark. It bristles with life, strange as this
received, the more so because a certain cool- may seem in view of the title (Doodendans
ness and immovability, which have been means Dance of the Dead). Death appears
HOLLAND. hitherto characteristic of Emants's manner to be rather an animating subject. Thus
WiLLEM Kloos, in his preface to the poems of writing, are here giving way to warmer Na Scheiding en Dood' ('After Parting
'
of Jacques Perk
which have been published feelings, and Death '), by M. Antink, is so vigorously
in a most artistic edition
pointedly shows A healthy endeavour toput away all and manfully written that it came as a sur-
how versatile a literary critic should be if undue elaboration and only for
to strive prise to the critical world when the author
he is to be just. A
botanist who, finding a pure expression of thoughts and feel- revealed herself as a lady. Again, Droeve '
some exotic plant which was not registered in ings worth uttering is characteristic of Uren,' by Hora Adema, in which men
his books, threw it away instead of joyously the works ofCyriel Buysse ('Van Arme fall like flies, is a strong and forcibly
recording his happy discovery, would, he Menschen'), Yan Hulzen (' Zwervers '), written book
too strong, perhaps, for
says, scarcely make himself more ridiculous Brandt van Doorne ('Yerweghe en zijn ordinary nerves, and at least too murderous
than a critic who condemns a work of art Yrouw '), G. van Eckeren (' Donkere Mach- for my taste. We
are in a quieter sphere in
which he is unable to classify at once. ten '), and, of course, of Louis Couperus, Deemoed,' by J. de Meester, another collec-
'
Still, it becomes increasingly difiicult to whose prolific pen this year produced no tion of stories, of which that giving its title
classify and value all the strange new fewer than three solid works. They are all to the book is by far the best. It is a
plants which border the paths of literature, marked by a singular richness and brilliancy touching tale of a Creole girl, dying of
and the botanist of the old type often of form, and show, if anything, that a writer consumption far from her country, without
stands perplexed. The book which must may be thoroughly imbued with the spirit having been able to finish the letter which
puzzle the critic of Holland most this of his time without writing for any special she was writing to her parents. The
year is, undoubtedly, Jan Apol's Phaeton '
purpose. Babel,' the first one, dwells on
' character of the unselfish nurse Clementine
en de Dwaas' ('Phaethon and the Fool'). the extreme pains the world of our times is ably drawn, though the book is not free
It is no more than a common tale of youth- takes to produce monstrous superfluities. from sentimentality.
ful experiences and feelings, but told in a The theme is a huge scheme for rebuilding If I add to the four works just men-
sort of poetic ecstasy. Men and things in the Tower of Babel. It is resolved that this tioned C, H, Priem's De Doode and ' *
it take extraordinary dimensions. live We time the tower shall reach the throne of Herman Heyermans's 'Schotsen' good
in a world of demigods men students
: Baal. Thus it becomes a work of years and light newspaper work I have noticed
who can be thoroughly human, terribly years, which costs the lives and happiness of the principal collections of short stories,
human, but who, the storm over, lift them- thousands. But the self-seeking pride of the a genre popular everywhere.
selves above their weakness, strong, smiling master-builders, who suffer others to do the Eigenhuis has produced rather a weak
J.
over their aberrations. hard work, is kept back neither by floods or the book, De Jonge Dominee,' indefinite in
'
To what school or "movement" does fire of heaven, which threaten to destroy the purpose, though marked by the same talent
Apol's work belong? This question can building, nor by any reasons of sentiment. for descriptions of village life which dis-
be of interest only to those who believe The impossibility of reaching heaven by a tinguished his earlier work, Jan Feith's
in a new movement in literature succeed- tower built on the blood of slaves is at Zondeval shows less taste than audacity,
*
'
ing that of 1880. The " new generation " length acknowledged by Cyrus, a shepherd's and less patience than taste. If the young
of 1890, who ventilated their ideas in a son of royal descent who had joined the author had spent more care over his
periodical, De Arheid {Labour), would cer- builders. He leaves them when it dawns on tlieme the result might have been better.
tainly not think of hailing Apol, notwith- him that their labour leads to no other TJiis might be said also of Querido's
standing his youth, as one of them. They goal than the unreasonable glorification of Levensgang,' different as it may bo from
'
denied the competency of the Nieuwe Gids ; a few and when he communicates this dis-
;
the last-named book. It is a social novel,
they rejected the idea of V art pour Vart the covery to the enslaved multitude, a flower, the style and diction of which have lost so
searching after the beautiful for its own sake, the flower of mercy, springs up from the much of their grace on account of the
independently of ideas of morality. Their hard granite of the tower, a miracle which author's tendency to scold men and things
prophets were not Potgieter and Huet, surpasses the dazzling enterprise of man. that the book has been described as "an
whose reputation the revolutionists of 1880 '
De Booken dor Kleine Ziolen is a tetra- '
indigestion of language."
had left untouched, but Nicolaas Beets and logy, two volumes of which have now The learned Smelfungus, according to
C'arel Yosmaer, whose influence, apart from appeared. Here Couperus docs not dwell Sterne, returned from his travels without
their merits, will remain far inferior to thatof on the mechanism of the world, but on the one pleasant anecdote to toll. In a similar
the former two. The editor of De Arheid, Ed. mechanism of the soul, especially of base way the much admired Mrs. Kloos, who
Verburgh, would fain make one believe that and weak characters. The title definog the writes under her maiden name of Jeanne
the Nieuwe (lidH movement had perished of author's aim very well. In the second volume, Jioynoke van Stuwo, has travelled through
inanition that the standard of beauty it had
;
which is called 'Hot Late Leven' ('Delayed life without finding one notable thing to
set up had been lo.st
nay, that nothing liad Life '), are exhibited .some of thoso incom- say, or one single interesting experience
been left but technical inefficiency. The plete characters working thomsolves up to to talk of. Her books, 'Hot Kind,'
evidence brought forward was not very an existence which may bo called life, or '
De Hoor van and Eon
de State,' '
convincing ; nor did these young writers wliich at least comes near it, thougli it Tiiefdosgoschiodenis,' never go l)eyond
sulliciently prove the inevitable connexion comes late. Wo must wait for Book 111. the mere outside of things, and the
is ready to forgive many faults as to form written that in reading them one has no volume of short stories, resembles iSzivos's
and plan, and even as to the exposition of difficulty in forgetting their doubtful dra- book inasmuch as it deals with strange
character, if only the author is thoroughly matic merit. His latest work, Ora et '
people in curious situations and does not
in earnest, and the spirit of his work is sym- Labora,' is little more than a melodrama move on well-beaten paths but the milieu ;
pathetic. (which probably accounts for its success on and manner are totally different. In at-
Thus these essays may be viewed as a the stage), but the dialogue is very clever. tractiveness it equals Istvan Biirsony's
sequel to the literary and psychological Heyermans meets life with a laugh and '
Living Pictures,' which are as full of
criticisms of Busken Huet. However, Mr. a sneer, but he renders it with a sigh and a intimate charm as anything Barsony has
van Deventer no doubt must have felt the tear, to please the "pit." Brandt van published.
charm of the work of those who have suc- Doorne's 'Kritiek' and Werkstaking' areas'
The best volume of poetry this year is
ceeded Huet and felt the influence of the
;
good-humoured and witty as W. A. Paap's Lajos Bartok's Hope and Remembrance,'
'
obsolete and his name already belongs to Holtrop van Gelder this winter by reciting dering Clouds I noticed a year or two ago,
'
history. Potgieter's 'Brieven' ('Letters') the best poems of our literature, old and knows how to find the best equivalents for
to Busken Huet have been received by the new, they have been obliged to do so the rendering of the celebrated German's
present generation chiefly as an historical on account of the limited financial means varying moods, melancholy as well as
curiosity. This, of course, does not in any of that institution. This may be far from exultant, tender as well as fiery. This col-
way diminish their value. They take us an ideal state of things, but it is to be lection is doubly interesting as Lenau was
straight into Potgieter's much admired hoped that on their tours Mrs. Holtrop, born in Hungary and sang of many
Amsterdam they excite our admiration
; Mr. Royaards, and others will win so wide Magyar matters.
for his many-sided literary and linguistic a sympathy for their profession that the On
the stage no play of literary value has
knowledge ; they give a curious insight evil will work for good in the end. had a lasting success still, several really
;
into his editorship of Be Gids, and his H. S. M. VAN WlCKETOORT CrOMMELIN. good dramas and tragedies have been pro-
part in the Dutch politics of those days. duced. Jeno Rakosi, one of our most
But their special worth is that they tell the renowned playwrights, broke his ten years'
tale of his most intimate friendship with the HUNGARY. silence
caused by the editorship of a pro-
witty and gifted Busken Huet, of whose Fiction has been at an extraordinarily
minent dail}- with Queen Tagma,' a half-
'
private literary life too little is known. low ebb during the past twelve months so historic, half-legendary and fanciful tragedy,
When, in 1925, the other part of the corre- much so that only two novels and three strongly influenced by Shakspeare and the
spondence, Huet's letters to Potgieter, is volumes of short stories deserve mention. Greek classics a romantic and powerful
:
allowed to appear the public curiosity Our leading " drawing - room " novelist, piece of work. Full of thrilling incidents
in this respect will be satisfied to a large Ferencz Herczeg, who usually writes about is Lajos Palagyi's Roman drama in verse,
extent. dashing lieutenants and charming ladies, The Slaves.' The verse is very fine, and
'
An exceptional publication is 'Beatrys,' a has made a thorough change with his the pictures of the times of Nero are
Flemish legend of the fourteenth century, Heathens,' a ripe and rich romance with
'
vigorous. This play gained one of the
illustrated by Ch. Doudelet. That a repro- an historical background. Here all the faults prizes of the Hungarian Academy of Science.
duction of an old manuscript (the original of his former manner are gone, and all its Gyiirgy Vero's "dramatic poem," entitled
is in the Royal Library at The Hague) should excellences are retained, with the addition Cain,' treats a Biblical theme which has
'
appear in Holland is almost as great a of new artistic qualities. It created a enticed many playwrights. Vero's play is
miracle as that on which the legend dwells. sensation to see Herczeg's name coupled distinguished by its substitution for envy of
Not more than 250 copies have been printed with a very vigorous and thorough romance ill-fated love for a woman as Gain's motive
in a style highly commendable, only to be of the eleventh century. Its success was for slaying Abel
the love of both brothers
compared with the excellent work of the general and well deserved. The only other for one sister. 'Cain' marks its author's
Kelmscott Press. novel worth noticing is Dezso Malonyay's transition from the writing of light operettas
In poetry, after some years of consider- The Tartod Bear-hunting,' the scene of
'
and sueh like to the construction of serious
able dearth, new life is evident. There is which, like that of nearly all his novels, plays. He has not as yet overcome all the
Dr. van Eeden's Passielooze Lelie,' poems
'
is laid in Transylvania. It must be pro- obstacles usually encountered in transitions
which are notable for their sweetness and nounced one of his best productions the of this conspicuous sort, but already shows
thoughtfulness. This new book has greatly more so as in it he successfully tries to rid qualities of high promise for the future.
added to Van Eeden's popularity as well as himself of the imitation of the French In the field of festhetics, biography,
to his fame. Less popular, though not less manner which was manifest in most of his literary and art history, &c., nothing note-
in craftsmanship, is Dr. J. B. Schepers's former books. The heroine is a beautiful worthy has been published. As for history,
a '
grand illustrations, among the rest reproduc- ment' (contending that flogging is utterly came the sport of the brazen - faced and
tions of some famous foreign pictures and a useless, nay, harmful, in modern pedagogics), the novice in search of applause. This is
fine drawing contributed by Walter Crane, '
On Presence of Mind from Anthropo- why in Italy to-day conferences have be-
who made a prolonged stay in Budapest last logical and Educational Points of View come like the bicycle. People of good
year and met with a most cordial reception. (aiming at teaching teachers to lay stress tastego on horseback or in motor cars.
I cannot help thinking that political on independence of mind in the education of same might be said of the theatre,
Tlio
economy has given us, with two or three pupils), and The Will,' in which he main-
'
the decadence of which is universally
exceptions, the most excellent books of the tains and proves that in reality there is no lamented. The famous " realism " or
year. Jenii Kunz's masterly work on free will, and that it is wrong for educators " naturalism " which was one of the most
'
Labour has created a sensation among
' theoretically to support a fictitious free will fatal fosthetic illusions of the past century
our scholars, for it contains much that is and, at the same time, act virtually as if has caused comedy to fall headlong into the
new, and presents the theory of work in all there were none. He considers the ques- mire of " pochade." Now
the theatres are
its many bearings
economic, legal, historic, tion from all sides
ethical, pedagogic, full translations from the French of
of
&c. in the clearest and best possible way. anthropological, &c.
and puts forward comedies the subjects of which are generally
This treatise, which has been proposed for much that is new, the result of his lewd, with improbable plots, in which are
an Academy prize, would make a good show own mature thinking and fifty years of jumbled incidents of dubious humour and
in any language. Prof. Bela Fiildes, whose educational practice in eminent positions. scenes grotesquely salacious. Passion is
great work on Social Economy '
I had ' A model of local history is Zsigmond not the subject of these productions, but
the pleasure of mentioning nine or ten Kulinyi's big work, The New Age of '
rather sensual caprice. Woman is no longer
years ago, has issued two stout volumes of Szeged' the
great Hungarian city which the pi'otagonist, rather the harlot who
meritorious Essays on Political Economy,'
'
was entirely destroyed by an enormous sells smiles and love. And the scene is
in which he reaches the standard of modern inundation of the Tisza river in 1879, and always in the centre of all the refinements
research and shows anew his well-known has since become the finest provincial centre and all the corruptions. Poetry has deserted
encycloptedic versatility. Bela Ambrozovics in the whole country. I conclude by the theatre, and with it moral elevation.
has just published a most interesting mentioning Henrik Korosi's useful collec- From time to time some nobler voice attempts
pamphlet on The Consumer's Pent
' '
tion of the Selected Speeches ' of Count
'
the resurrection of ideals that seemed to have
designation proposed by Marshall a few Albert Apponyi, the well - known and disappeared for ever, and the public, at
decades ago for Dupuit's discovery of 1854. popular Hungarian politician and present first incredulous and scei)tical, little by little
Ambrozovics had already in 1884 pro- Speaker of our Diet. allows itself to be won over to that new and
pounded an important thesis to the effect Leopold Katscher. marvelloiis language to which it is unaccus-
that the progress of consumption depends tomed, and finally comprehends the value
on cheapness in his present booklet he
; and worth of the true art that is disclosed.
completes and rectifies Dupuit's and Mar- ITALY. This has been the fate of the Francesca da
'
shall's statements, and then uses them to Were productiveness in literature, as Rimini of Gabriele d'Annunzio, which
'
prove the correctness of his own thesis, in agriculture, subject to meteorological at first suffered from excessive adver-
which he compares to a frame within which influences, it would not be a matter for tisement. There was too much talk in
evolves the whole world of economics. wonder that the past two half years have with the newspapers of the mise en seme, of the
Particular importance must be assigned us been periods of little fecundity. Yet it theatrical apparatus of the new drama. In
to Eustem Vambery's latest and biggest is a fact that in Italy the atmospheric Italy one was not accustomed to such
work ; it is entitled '
The Protection of depression has accompanied the intellectual, opulence, to so faithful a reproduction of
Marriage in Criminal Law.' In two volumes pari passu. We
have experienced a period the surroundings of mediajval history. Even
he reviews the penal marriage laws of all of lassitude, of languor that shows no sign in the brilliant period of our tragic theatre,
ages and countries concerning adultery and of passing away. Last year also I had to when Ristori and Salvini trod the stage,
kindred subjects. His list of sources com- utter the same lament and draw attention when, for the centenary of Dante in 186"),
prises no fewer than four hundred and to an identical phenomenon. At that time, they appeared with Ernesto Rossi in the
fifty works in a great many languages. It however, if bibliographical productiveness '
Francesca of Silvio Pellico, the costumes
'
is destined to become a first-rate standard was deficient, there were various other forms were poor and conventional, the scenic
work. Legal history, comparative juris- of literature which showed a certain vitality, decoration wretched. The scene-painter
prudence, ethnography, and social economy a certain interest and sense of alertness. did not then make use of the means avail-
are brought to bear on the subject in a This year, on the other hand, those mani- able to-day, a wise and new distribution of
most conscientious and many-sided manner. festations have either diminished or lost all lights and colours. The trap was either in
As remarkable in its way is the Dic- '
importance. We
are witnessing a fatal the shade or was boldly lit up with jets of
tionary of the the Magyar
Revival of decadence in various branches of literature, gas. The scone was not closed at the sides ;
Language,' by Kalman Szily, the learned and the public is getting rapidly disgusted the side-scenes to the right and left of the
secretary- general of the Academy of Science. by a sense of satiety and nausea. Lectures spectator were in the form of curtains, and
The language in question, being extremely or conferences, for instance, have become a remained fixed even when the scone repre-
rich in suffixes and affixes, lends itself veritable nuisance, a public calamity. No sented a garden or the open country. As in
more than almost any other to modelling one any longer desires to listen to them, the modiipval mystery plays, the imagination
and remodelling. The nineteenth century whether he be invited or (as Leopardi pro- of the spectator supplied the rest, and the
was especially active in this respect, nearly posed) paid something to lend his ears and skill of the actors made up for all de-
every writer and savant forming new words; patience. ficiencies.
and since the era of renewed national And was natural that this should
it In his 'Francesca' D'Annunzio wished
independence i.e., for the last thirty- five happen. At first lectures and conferences to prove that a work of art, as rogardfs the
years there has been a vigorous and suc- were the work of men of good taste and public, the subject, and poetry itself, should
cessful endeavour to substitute new Hun- groat and varied knowledge, who under- be represented with the aid of whatever
garian words for the numerous foreign ones stood the attractions required to entertain may serve to make its value and purpose
more particularly Latin, (rorman, and the public and instruct it unawares. After- best understood. What in done elsowliero
French which had crept into the lan- wards there arose, not, indeed, emulation, when the plays of
done
Sliakaponro are acted,
hy gruiKliose
I'Vanco
guage. The results of these purifying but mad competition the methods, or, in
;
what is in
dramatic roproKcntation, might at least bo
movements Herr Szily treats in a most mercantile phraseology, the fenns, were
attractive way. He increases the value of falsified. And then the public began to attempted for an Italian drama. Ami the
22 THE ATHENiEUM N3897, July 5, 1902
jioot, witli tho tasto of an artist and tlie of life and of history." Marradi is now young and industrious Livornese writer,
patience ol' a scholar, dotorminod to aoarcli recognized as a poet of evoryduy life, as wlio has a wide knowledge of foroigu
out and study every minute detail of he is acknowledged on all hands to be a literature, has also chosen to collect,
costume, furniture, and scenery, in order to marvellous artificer of verso, a vigorous under the title of '
Da Ronsard a Ros-
supply correspondingly faithful pictures of word -painter. To read his songs is to tand,' some excellent specimens of French
the troublous life which he evoked by the enjoy sweet and strong music, to hear once literature. In like manner, also, a
breath of his poetry. The novelty of the more all the beauties of classic art express famous professor, Bonaventura Zumbini,
thing, the uncertainties of the first repre- our deepest feelings, the Olympic illusions is publishing his valuable '
Studj Leopar-
sentation at the Costanzi in Eome, in the which atone for what he calls " the pallid diani.' Well worth mention
is the volume
battle scene, the dense and malodorous melancholy of the world." So long as Italy of Giacinto Stiavelli, entitled Garibaldi '
fumes of the Greek fire, made with resin, has such artists, we need not despair of her nella Letteratura Italiana.' Dante litera-
filled the theatre with smoke, and rendered future. ture,which grows in importance yearly, has
the actors speechless militated against the In the field of romance there is nothing been enriched by the seventh volume of the
success of the drama. The literary and of extraordinary value. The best writers '
Poesie di 1000 Autori intorno a Dante
political enemies of the author, tho envious, are either resting or have gone to sleep. Alighieri,' edited by Carlo del Balzo, a
whose name is ever legion, had made There are not wanting novelists, graceful, Radical deputy who is fond of more serious
common cause to decry both the piece and witty, interesting. Orazio Grandi, a Tuscan study, and who, like Alfredo Baccelli, now
the poet but they were not successful. For
; writer, has published a volume entitled Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs, and
the drama, after these initial uncertainties, '
Silvano e altre Novelle.' Matilde Serao the recent editor of a fine critical study on
received a steadily increasing applause, has also brought out a volume of Lettere ' the Candelajo of Giordano Bruno, shows
' '
which was confirmed at Florence, at d' Amore,' full of passion and ardour. that literature and politics may go together.
Bologna, at Turin, at Milan, and at Trieste, Federico de Eoberto, an acute psychologist, It gives me pleasure to mention that the
where success became a triumph. The has chosen to study Come si Ama in '
' Hon. William Warren Yemen's Readings '
audience felt that they were in the presence of essays concerning Mile, de Lespinasse, on the Paradise of Dante are highly '
received by graver critics. Isidoro del Giuseppe de Rossi. gener- Among volumes legari, and the Storia del Risorgimento
'
Lungo, one of the most learned and pro- ally readable I may mention the Novelle ' Italiano' of Raffaello Giovagnoli. Francesco
found authorities on the period, which was e Paesi Valdostani of G. Giacosa II Ritorno ' ; ' Guardione has made a notable contribution
that of Dante, was constrained to write in dell' Aretusa,' by that graceful and whole- to our knowledge of more recent events by
the Mwva Antologia pages full of admira- some writer Enrico Castelnuovo and Scari- ;
' his study II Dominio dei Borboni in
'
tion for the drama of the poet of Abruzzo. calasino,' a humorous volume by Alberto Sicilia dal 1830 al 1861.' Domenico Orano,
The judgment of Del Lungo is still more Cantoni, the original and trenchant wit of a young man of ability and of some promise,
strongly confirmed by the reading of the which deserves praise. has collected con amore essays and docu-
tragedy, which was published at the end of The theatre, to continue in the field of ments on the famous Sacco di Roma del '
last March with a studied and beautiful fiction, has seen two successes in the plays 1522,' and has published 'I Ricordi di Mar-
elegance of type, accompanied by a dedication '
Romanticismo,' by Girolamo Rovetta, the cello Alberini.' Carlo Errera displays much
and an " envoy " in verse which are among well - known novelist, and Sperduti nel * diligence and learning in his L' Epoca delle '
the most exquisite inspirations of the poet. Bujo,' by Roberto Bracco. Grandi Scoperte Geografiche.' Ermanno
I continue to speak of poetry, before Passing on to examine critical writing, I Loevinson, of the Royal State Archives in
undertaking the usual bibliographical may mention several works that are full Rome, has applied to more recent history
ramble through the field (somewhat arid of vigour. The literary history of Italy now the scholarly severity of research, and
this year) of Italian literature. Of original numbers many brave devotees who labour produced a valuable study on 'Garibaldi
works we can boast of nothing besides the methodically with a love of research. e la sua Legione nell' Agro Romano.' A
* Francesca,' the artistic importance of which Francesco d'Ovidio, one of the masters of very promising young man has revealed
transcends the bounds of this modest review. criticism, has published his Studj sulla ' himself in two essays that have been awarded
We have, indeed, seen published during the Divina Commedia,' which constitute one of prizes, I Trattati Commerciali della Re-
'
year two collections of poems of the highest the most valuable contributions to modern pubblica Fiorentina and the Istituzioni '
*
value. The first, in a brief volume, offers Dante literature. This book of D'Ovidio's Giuridiche Medioevali nella Divina Com-
an abridgment of the whole of the works has been widely studied and discussed by media 'these have immediately made the
;
of Giosue Carducci, one of the best of living the most competent authorities, and is name of Dr. Gino Arias well known,
Italian poets, certainly the most powerful recognized generally here as a work of I must now mention in passing several
poetic voice of which Italy can boast since the first importance. Another book of other important volumes, such as the
Foscolo and Leopardi
fifty years of in- singular value, which proves how study is '
Episodi del Risorgimento Italiano of '
spiration, through so many battles of the carried on in a uniform scientific style, is General Giacomo Durando, whose name has
sword and of the pen, through so many the Raccolta di Studj Oritici dedicati ad
' shone in the annals of this country: the
diverse events, in which there ever shines, Alessandro d'Ancona,' by his scholars, in '
Scritti Politici e V Epistolario di Carlo
like a star, the religion of the fatherland, of honour his jubilee as teacher at the
of Cattaneo,' edited by Jessie W. Mario and
that Italy which arose like a radiant vision University of Pisa. This uniformity and Gabriele Rosa the studies on Judaism,
;
of poets and martyrs, and has since be- seriousness of aim also appear in the Paganism, and the Roman Empire by
come grosser through an excess of material *Storia Letteraria d' Italia scritta da una Raffaele Mariano a useful selection of
;
things. A
worthy alumnus of the old bard, Societa di Professori,' in which collection '
Pensieri, Sentenze e Ricordi di Uomini
Giovanni Marradi, presents in a handsome there has now appeared a volume on the Parlamentari,' compiled by Edoardo Arbib;
volume the best of his songs and works of Settecento of Tullo Concari.
' '
and the important monograph of Prof.
imagination. Of Marradi, a Livornese, his Besides works of greater weight one Alessandro Paoli on La Scuola di Galileo '
master had already written that he had must not forget collections of various nella Storia della Filosofia.' This essay
" the gift of full-throated song, the inspira- writings and monographs. reminds me of the national edition of the
Isidoro del
tion of melody," and it was great praise; Lungo has brought together in one volume '
Opere di Galileo,' which has now reached
but he has, especially by his Rapsodia'
his Oonferenze Florentine,' and
fine ' the eleventh volume by the publication of the
Garibaldina,' shown that he is able to sing, Annibale Gabbrielli, a sturdy Roman critic, '
Epistolario.' Talking of letters, I record
and sing well, of " the profound intuitions his Scritti Letterari.'
*
Guido Menasci, a with pleasure those of our great historical
:'
her archoeological writings under the title of was to have been held the International light *
and Mrs. Jula.' The former de-
'
'Attraverso il Mondo Antico'; and to an- Historical Congress at Eome, which is put scribes the social and racial conditions of
nounce the Corpus Nummorum Italice
'
off till April, 1903. Of commemorations I our own country ; in the latter (which tells
which King Victor Emmanuel is preparing, may mention two of importance the cen- : of a woman who
betrays her husband) the
and which will comprise ten volumes, tenary of Victor Hugo, and the tributes to scene is laid in Paris, but the characters
describing 60,000 coins, of which at least the famous artist Adelaide Eistori on her are Poles. The Art Worshippers,' by K.
'
50,000 are in the possession of the august eightieth birthday. And I write just before Eojan, is, to speak strictly, merely a story
numismatist. I must notice also the learned another artistic celebration in Florence the : of two architects, one of whom renounces
reproduction in collotype of the Pan- '
unveiling of the monument to Giovacchino the woman he loves and the fame he might
dette Florentine,' made under the auspices Eossini in Santa Croce. It is the first time win in favour of his friend, to whom he
of the Commissione Ministeriale and the that the Pantheon of Italian glory has makes over his plan for an art-building. In
Biblioteca Mediceo-Laurenziana, in which opened to a musician. Guido Biacu. M. Gawalewicz's book of short stories, On '
Despotti Mospignotti, who is an authority happiness is sacrificed to them. The hero has women three may be mentioned In the '
on the subject of ancient architecture. I no better success in his affaire i.e., in his Toils,' by W.
Korotynska 'Soulless,' by ;
may notice in the last place the monograph bold projects for laying down a network of C. Walewska and the collection of short
;
finally,
the essay of Ettore Zoccoli on I '
The new novel by the gifted author K. of folk-song are to be found among them,
Gruppi Anarchici degli Stati Uniti e Przerwa-Tetmajer, 'Miss Mary,' is hardly and tho writer charms one by the freshness of
r Opera di Max Stirner.' a successful compound of imagination and his inspiration, the simjilicity of his images,
Of books of travel there is great abund- realism. A millionaire's daughter, of Jewish and the truth of his sentiment. Master '
ance. Arturo Galanti and Ugo Ojetti have descent, has fallen in lo/e with a musician, Twardowski,' a poem in terta rima, by L.
described Albania' in two lively volumes. but on the failure of his opera she refuses Staff, dealing with a legendary wizard of
Francesco Cerone, a Neapolitan authority to be his wife and marries a ruined count the sixtoentli century who has much in
on Chinese matters, deals with that astute instead. Her passion is roused once more common with the German l^xust, seems, on
politician Li - Hung - 'hang and (
Politica '
when the composer, who has meanwhile account of its subject, to bo rather beyond
Cinese in the second half of the nine-
' passed through the torments of hell, at last tho powers of this still very youthful author.
teenth century. Gaetano Prinetti publishes makes himself renowned on both sides of Apart from numerous rominisconcos of
in French a curious little book of reve- the globe but now lie, in his turn, scorn-
;
older and contemporary poets, tho work
lations on Monte Carlo and the famous fully rejects her love. A. Krochowiocki, suffers from prolixity and from an excess of
gambling saloon. Gemma Ferruggia whoso name has long l)cen familiar in tlio nalveti'. Among the most recent productions
describes a journey of our lyric poets are also Orfun.' by
field of historical romance, has in his two
'
made by her in the
Amazon district in the picturesfiuo pages now novels, ' Fame and ' '
Fiat Lux,' related C. Jelleuta; 'Dreams of Youth,' by K.
stylo, reach the level of true poetry, and S. upon them, and opinions are uttered with a against his own ideals. The book is written
Przybyszowski's Poems in Prose,' in which
'
freedom rare in Russia. Ecclesiastics take in an unusual form
poetical prose like that
we find, as is generally the case with this part with laymen, who are chiefly authors. of the Bible.
author, tho strangest contradictions morbid Vestments alternate with overcoats, and Leonid Andreev has had the greatest
fancies side by side with passages of genuine many ladies come. For the first time, after a success mhellts-lettres, strictly so called. His
beauty, pearls of price among worthless rupture of two centuries, the literature of first volume of tales was sold off in a few
rubbish. A. Niemojewski has similarly the layman has stretched out a hand to weeks. He has remained in the funda-
employed a pootical prose in his Legends,' '
spiritual thought. For the first time mental form of his productions true to
a series of pictures from the life of Christ, problems have made their appearance, and tradition i.e., he is completely accessible to
chiefly of an idyllic nature, but coloured by questions have been discussed equally the ordinary reader, but at the same time, in
a naturalistic scepticism. The author was important to both. some of his methods and moods, he is near
ill advised when he presumed to set his own Among authors the most active part in to the "new poetry." He possesses tho
purely fanciful conjectures, formulated in a the assemblies is taken by D. Merezhkovski, talents of a raconteur, and may be expected
poem of mediocre merit, against the words a conspicuous writer of poems and novels in the future to find out an independent
of the Gospel and the deeply rooted ideas of and a critic. He has stated his views in a path. Tho best story by L. Andreev is the
his countrymen. A literary scandal and lengthy critical study of Tolstoy and Dos- '
Abyss.'
the confiscation of the book by law are the toievski, entitled *
Christ and Antichrist in With the success of the book of L.
result. Russian Literature.' The first part, which Andreev can alone be compared that of the
Dramatic literature is, on the whole, not deals with Tolstoy and Dostoievaki as writers, books of Maxim Gorky, which are now sold
80 richly represented as last year. Madame appeared last year; the second, on the re- by tens of thousands. He has published
G-.Zapolska has produced two new pieces ligion of the same two writers, was issued the fifth volume of. his works, and in this
for the stage. The Man is very well
* '
from the press only in March last. have appeared the conclusion of his novel
constructed and interesting, but the The influence of the ideas of Merezhkovski '
The Trio and his drama The Bourgeois,'
' '
cynicism of its subject-matter becomes is seen in the new collection of stories by which was played at Petersburg with great
in parts almost nauseating. The Disci- *
Zenaida Gippius, which makes the third success. In this play a bourgeois family in
plined Souls is one of the less valuable
'
volume of the Transactions of the new society. easy circumstances is living in a little town.
productions of this able author. S. Krzy- The chief strength of Madame Gippius lies The children have been educated the son is
woszewski has in his first play, The '
in her verses. Her creations are always a student, the daughter a teacher and mis- ;
Gardener's Daughter,' shown that the bright and sharply outlined. Her stories understandings arise between the parents
requisities of the stage are not unfamiliar are less significant. They are planned in and the children. The subject is not new,
to him, and that he understands his busi- an interesting way, and contain original and was a little while ago employed by
ness well. Mr. Pdsek,' by A. Belcikowski,
*
thoughts and images, but she is lacking in Hauptmann in 'The Solitary People.' In
performed on the celebration of the author's that special gift which alone makes the true its methods '
The Bourgeois resembles ' the
fortieth year as a writer, was criticized by writer of tales. plays of his
Hauptmann for example,
the press as an excellent comedy, full of In connexion with the religious and
close '
Festival of Reconciliation and also those '
humour and moral depth, and as an ad- Ehilosophical assemblies is N. Minski, who of Chekhov. The great talent of Gorky, his
mirable picture of the social life of the old as published the beginning of his Philo- '
power to draw strong characters, has
Polish nobility. Mention must also be made sophic Dialogues in the magazine the IVorld
'
hardly found any realization in his drama.
of T. Konczynski's drama, Kajetan Orug,' '
of Art. Between philosophy and religion, Gorky has succeeded in representing an
Madame Meller's Widow of Ephesus,' and '
according to his definition, the connexion is honest drunkard, who has preserved in the
the farces Oar Sempstresses' and 'The
*
as close as between stalk and flower. While depths of his degradation the divine spark.
Chimney-Sweeper,' by Z. Przybylski and F. speaking of the new religious movement, But this is the customary type in Russian
Domnik respectively. To the two admirable I must not forget V. Rozanov. Besides literature, drawn excellently by Ostrovski
histories of Polish literature, by P. Chmie- frequent feuilletons in Novoe Vremya, he in Liubim Tortsov, and by Dostoievski in
lowski and by Count S. Tarnowski, which occasionally ventures into the world of Marmeladov. Gorky has embodied him in
recently appeared, there has lately been added belles-lettres. In the story The Troubled
'
the character of Perchikhin. He is an old
yet a third, by A. Briickner, professor in Night,' in the almanac Northern Flowers'
'
man, continually drunk, who sells singing-
the University of Berlin, a Pole by birth. for 1902, we have a curious account of two birds and is devoted heart and soul to his
Valuable results of research and truly dreams. trade.
scholarly and acute observations are com- The last novel of P. Boborykin is also In the current year the tales of
mended in this book by a lively and inter- devoted to the artistic representation and Gorbunov, who died recently, have been col-
esting style. The work, written as it is in new religious movement. It
criticism of the lected. Gorbunov was very popular during
German, will unquestionably do much to is The Confessors.' The author
entitled '
his life as a raconteur. He possessed great
extend a knowledge of Polish literature in styles the movement the aesthetic inquiry powers of mimicry and a wonderful skill in
other countries it is shortly to appear in
; after God. " Do you not notice," he says, by hitting off the peculiarities of the person
Polish also, revised and enlarged by the the mouth of one of his characters, "that he wished to represent. His stories were
author. I can make only a passing refer- for some years a crusade has been directed living paintings of various phases of
ence to -T. Swiencicki's History of Indian '
against knowledge, and at the same time, Russian life. But in print they lost a con-
Literature' and to I. Matuszewski's ad- both in the West and among ourselves, siderable part of their charm. They _
between Romanticism and the modern move- bankruptcy of science?" In this novel, Koni, the Academician, who added a
ment. Adam Belcikqwski. besides the highest circles of society, the preface, and as Echoes of Tales,'
'
Moscow Old Believers are represented, village under the editorship of Count Sheremetiev.
RUSSIA.
sectarians, Stundists, &c., with their religious The type of General Ditiatin created by
services. Unfortunately, some of the per- Gorbunov made a great sensation. He is
In Russian society and Russian literature sons introduced are not types, but easily an official who has imbibed into his
there has been observed for some time a recognized portraits of living people. system the conditions of Russia before
mystic and religious movement. During From a point of view altogether diflferent the reforms of Alexander II. Under the
the last year it exhibited itself with Andrei Biely laughs at the new tendency in form of the old man's grumblings Gorbunov
special force. A new society has been a little book which he has entitled Sym- '
loved to introduce speeches on various fes-
formed in Petersburg for religious and philo- phony.' It is the first attempt of a young tive occasions, and, by reducing to an
sophic meetings. Anthony, the Metropolitan writer, but produces the impression of the absurdity the ideas of people like Ditiatin,
of Petersburg, and K. Pobiedonostsev, work of a man who has lived through a good he contrived to turn them into ridicule.
;
I need particularize only a very few of the late P. Schumacher have been collected for As regards history, the jubiloo was cele-
long series of stories. A writer who hides tho first time. lie was the author of a brated of the literary activity of P. Bar-
himself under the }ioin de guerre of tho series of witty jests and parodies. Ho had teniev, the editor of the historical magazine
" Stroller " has issued a first collection of made himself complete master of the speech Russian Arcltives, which
has been issued
verses and tales which is not wanting in of tho Ivussian common man, although he fur forty years. Tho Russian Archives is a
individuality and power. D. Merezhkovski was not a Eussian bj' birth. A. Meisner, treasury of all sorts of memoirs, letters of
has printed the stories which he wrote a D. Eatgaua, and Prince Tsortelev have pub- prominent persons, and odiiaal documents ;
long time ago on Italian life, under the lished volumes of poems. These writers no one occupying himself with Ixussian his-
general title Love stronger than Death.'
'
have long been before the public. They tory or tho history of Eussian litoniture can
Collections of tales have been issued by are not without talent, but lack an individual dispense with the information contained in
I. Bunin, N. Teleshov, V. Mikheev, and note. this maga-zine. P. Barteniev is as much a
T. Tistchenko. On the stage the following A. Kursinski and E. Yarzhenevskaya are publisher of historical materials by vocation
pieces have been successful The (liildren
:
'
somewhat more independent and also as menare journalists by vocation or born
of Yaniontin,' by S. Naidenov Under the ;
'
younger. Each has published a volume of poets. Ho
has a special gift for selecting
Wheel,' by L. Zhdanov Deprived of
;
'
poetry. S. Eafailovski has made his drhut from a heap of private letters, from thick
Eights,' by I. Potapenko and Mis-
;
'
with some poems there is talent in his
; pauiphlets of notes taken by individuals,
fortune,' by riaton. They are all common- book. The followers of the "new art" everything valuable and curious. Barteniev
place productions. have also collected their verses in the second introduces his own
personality into his
I must give the first place in poetry to part of Northern Flowers,' in which C.
'
magazine. By little prefaces, frequently of
Songs from the Nook,' by K. Sluchevski.
'
Balmont, Z. Gippius, M. Lokhvitskaya, only a few lines, by two or three words added
He is one of the most remarkable Russian Th, Sologub, Y. Baltrushaitis, and others at the end, and a network of apparently in-
poets. He has now been writing for almost take part. significant interlinear remarks, he illustrates
half a century, but till lately he had not In the department of translations no great the documents published by him from his
secured the fame he deserves. The great works have been undertaken. C. Balmont point of view. Possessing as he does an
public knows Sluchevski by name only, but has published the second volume of his astonishing knowledge of Eussian social life
he is surrounded with the aSectionate regard renderings from the Spanish of Oalderon, at the end of the eighteenth and beginning
of his friends and all poets. If in Russia a with full introductory essays and notes. of the nineteenth centuries, he supplies what
plebiscite were taken among poets, as it is in The work of Balmont furnishes the first is not altogether told in the memoirs, cor-
France, Sluchevski would certainly receive artistic translation of Calderon in Eussia. rects mistakes, and furnishes new and valu-
"
the greatest number
*'
of votes. The Nook Under his editorship has also appeared a able details. As he considers that he has to
is the name where he
of the poet's estate, collection of the dramas of Sudermann. D. publish a great deal prematurely, Barteniev
spends his summer holidays. The verses Merezhkovski has issued, in separate parts, often is contented with an allusion, which
collected under the title Songs from the
'
his translation of Greek tragedies. In these will be intelligible to the coming investi-
Nook are written for the most part on the
' there is poetry, and the verse is harmonious, gator of the question.
trivial things of life, on subjects of every- but they are far from literal, and some- Not one of the historical works which
day discussion, domestic occurrences and times completely dis6gure the meaning of have appeared in the year under review
meetings. But Sluchevski understands how the original they are in iambics of five
; can be called especially prominent, but
to approach every question from an un- feet. Such translations of Greek tragedies some curious and useful publications have
expected side he can make every subject
; are not able enough to satisfy the wants of appeared. Under the editorship of Y. Bil-
new, and illuminate it with the glow of Eussian literature. A poet, who is con- basov have been published two volumes of the
poetry. His poems are full of thought. cealed under the initials K. E., has pub- '
Archives of the Counts Mordvinov.' They
Unfortunately, his versification is not always lished the second and third volumes of his contain many important documents on naval
beautiful; the singer sometimes is careless, translation of Hamlet,' which includes essays
' affairs and the person of Count N. S. Mord-
and even lacks form. In each of his verses there on Hamlet and the actors who have played vinov, one of the most original character^ ui
is the seed of a poetical flower, but it does the part the book shows the great learning
; the time of Alexander I. In the words of
not always blossom. But the shapelessness of the translator. Some versions from the Pushkin, Mordvinov contained in himself
of the verses of Sluchevski is like that of a Polish writer Przibyezewski have appeared ;
the whole Eussian opposition. He pos-
cactus, it is individual and completely dif- Y. Sablin has investigated the novelties of sessed a quick wit and bold views, and
ferent from the commonplace. Western literature (especially in the drama) did not fear to express them to the emperor
The admirers of S. Nadson, a poet who very carefully in his edition of The ' himself. The General Staff has published the
died very young fifteen years ago, have Eed Cock of Hauptmann, Es lebe das
' ' second volume of its collection of documents
published a collection of the rough drafts Leben by Sudermann, and the works of
' relating to the war of 1812 ('The War of
of his verses and his unfinished poems, G. Tetmayer. The translation of the Un- ' the Fatherland,' edited by Mishlaevski).
'
Songs not Sung to the End.' The divine Comedy of Z. Krasinski made some
' The papers now published refer to tho year
poetry of Nadson continues up to the pre- noise. The version was made by the con- 1811, and show how carefully Eussia pre-
sent time to have a noisy success, and sent of the Eussian censorship from the pared herself for the inevitable war. In
thousands of copies of his volume have been original printed in Eussia another transla- ;
the Russian Antiquanj have been printed
sold. This success has caused perplexity tion of the same drama was printed earlier curious details of the fall of Speranski, the
in many, and even dissatisfaction, inasmuch in tho Russian Messenger. The drama itself well-known minister of Alexander I. many ;
as the talent of Nadson, although genuine, was directed against the Polish revolution- persons of the time appear here in a com-
was not profound, and he is far behind a aries. In spite of this fact the new trans- pletely unexpected light. There is a great
whole series of poetical rivals who have lation was confiscated and destroyed by deal that is new in the Eecollections of
' '
remained almost unnoticed. One critic order of the late minister Sipiaguin, and S. Yolkonski, who shared in tho insurrection
wittily compared this success with that of the censor who allowed its publication very of the Dekabrists in the year 1825, in which
the novels of Jules Verne and Llayne Eeid. nearly lost his post. all the young men of tho highest society
J Nadson is a writer for a certain period of As a preface to a translated novel of F. wore mixed up. Volkonski had relations
% life. His ideas are primitive, his moods are Polonz a new essay by Tolstoy has appeared. with all the prominent people of his time,
simple and interpenetrated with a sorrow He complains of the deterioration in taste even with the emperor himself. The '
which is infectious. He grieves that evil is and common sense among readers. "In liecoUections of the
' historian K. N.
too powerful, and invites you to sympathize Eussian poetry," writes Tolstoy, "after Bestuzhev-Eiumin relate to tho recent past
with all unhappy people. His new book Pushkin, Lermontov, and Tiutchev, fame they are carried down to tho year IHIIO.
adds nothing to these motifs. V. Weinberg went first to tho very dubious poets, Bestuzhev - Eiumin, who was altornatoly
has published a volume of his poems on tho Maikov,Polon8ki,andFot; then toNekrasov, considered a Zapadnik (Western) and a
jubilee of his literary career. Hi.s verses who was absolutely wanting in poetic talent; Slavophile, was well ac(|uaintnd witli those
I are neither original nor interesting. Ho is then to tho tastoless and prosaic poet, Alo.xis two tondoncios, whi( h, at that time, <lividod
rather a translator and a humourist, having Tolsto}' tlinn to tho monotonous and weak
;
all Ivussian society. IVincoss Trubetskaya
written under the vulgar nom de guerre of a Nadson, and after him to the completely has ])ubli8hnd matorialH for tho biography
" Heine from Tambov." The verses of tho talentless Apukhtin." of Princo Y. ( 'horkasski, a oonspicuous
:
labourer for the emancipation of tlio serfs. extensive biography of the historian M. changes have occurred. A new paper has
The bicentenary of the foundation of Peters- Pogodin, which has reached already the been founded at Kharkov, Peaceful Labour,
burg did not produce any valuable works sixteenth volume in it a whole series of
: but it has not as yet assumed any definite
on the history of the third capital of Russia. documents are printed for the first time. character. The Russian Ilessenger, one of
The compilation of N. Bozherianov, The '
As a contribution to the history of Russian the oldest Russian magazines, has had a
Nevski Prospekt,' alone appeared it was
; art there has appeared the publication of temporary period put to its career, but
more interesting on account of its engrav- S. Diaguilov on 1). Levitzki (' Russian Paint- will probably come out under new editor-
ings than the text. ing in the Eighteenth Century,' vol. i.). ship. M. Menshikov has begun to publish
Russia celebrated in the current year the This, besides an essay on the works of his organ, Letters to Neighbours, and occu-
jubilees of two of her classical authors, N. Levitzki and his biography, includes copies pies the whole journal with his own essays.
Gogol and V. Zhukovski. Fifty years had of his pictures exactly reproduced. D. S. Sharapov edits a similar journal under
passed since their deaths (thoy both died in Treniev has published copies of the newly the form of periodical miscellanies. Such
1852), This period is very important in found ikons of Simon Ushakov, the Russian publications as these are significant only
Russia, since only after fifty years the right Raphael of the seventeenth century. when the publishers have altogether ex-
to literary property ceases ; up to that time Russian literature has experienced in the ceptional vigour and talents, as was the
the works of a decased author are published current year some considerable losses. Gleb case with Dostoievski, who published An
only by his heirs, for the most part very Uspenski has died. In a literary sense he Author'' s Diary, but in the present instance
incompletely, and at a very high price. When died some time ago, as during the last years this talent cannot be said to exist. The
a half-century has elapsed after his death of his life he suffered from a mental disease. coarse squib of M. Amfiteatrov, in which
the writer's work in Russia becomes the
Gleb Uspenski was a narodnik i.e., he took he attacked the imperial family, made a
property of his nation. The works of Gogol, for his subjects the common people, the great deal of noise. The author was
however, constitute in this respect an excep- muzhiks. He was the most talented sent to Siberia, and the gazette which
tion. These were published at an earlier of the group of authors to which he published his fexdlleton, Russia, the most
period with a care and fulness rare in belonged, and had a great success in widely circulated after the Novoe Vremya,
Russia, and with a supervision of all the his time. But his aim at being tcndenzids, was brought abruptly to an end.
variants by N. Tikhonravov and V. 8henrok as the Germans say, and his wish to propa- Yalerii Britjsov.
(tenth edition of Gogol). The new editors gate certain ideas, impeded the freedom of
have been able to rival their predecessors his creative power. He subordinated his
only in cheapness. As regards Zhukovski, talent to abstract principles, and stifled the SPAIN.
the first complete and really scholarly artist to become the citizen. At the same The period covered by the last twelve
edition of his works has only just been time as Uspenski another narodnik died, of months has been marked by a visible
begun by Prof. A. Arkhangelsk! in connexion much less significance, F. Nefedov. Among decline, in comparison with preceding years,
with the journal Niva. the writers of belles-lettres has also died in the number of literary and historical
At the jubilee there appeared also a new G. Machtet, highly esteemed in some works produced, more especially of the
edition of the letters of Gogol, superintended circles. Machtet had many readers, but his latter. Perhaps the political and social
by V. Shenrok. This is a very valuable tales produce a disagreeable impression by questions which deeply occupy our educated
production. The editor has again compared their excessively methodical and artificial and distract their attention may be
classes
almost all the letters with the originals, style. Thebest of them are his frank the cause of this; and possibly the death
filled in several gaps, and printed many descriptions of Siberian life, with which he or exhaustion of many of our veteran and
letters for the first time. Letters of Gogol made his literary debut. most eminent writers, whose places have
and Zhukovski which had never been pub- Of historians, N. Shilder is dead. He is not yet been supplied in all respects by the
lished before have appeared in the Russian especially known by his history of Alex- younger generation, may also have contri-
Antiquary and the Russian Archives. In ander I., in four huge volumes. But this buted to it. Besides, the great number of
the Russian Antiquanj, also for the first vast work was only a small portion of the magazines and reviews may have some-
time, the diary of Zhukovski has been pub- labour planned by Shilder for the premium thing to do with it, as their contributors are
lished in its entirety. In the Historical Mes- given by Arakcheev. Arakcheev was the drawn off from other undertakings in order
senger some unpublished things by Gogol favourite of Alexander I., and he left a fund to fill their pages. At any rate, the fact is
have been printed, found on pieces of which in 1925, when it will have increased certain, and is coincident with the appear-
manuscript which he had torn up. The to 1,000,000 roubles, is to be given to the ance of a great number of translations,
same magazine has had the recollections of author of the best History of Alexander not always good, and mostly of novels.
'
Gogol by Liubich-Romanovich, his fellow- I.' The work of Shilder shows great In the field of history there are few
pupil at the Lyceum. The author repre- familiarity with the material contained in novelties of importance, although these are
sents Gogol the schoolboy in the most the archives. Shilder, contrary to the con- of real value. But I must notice the con-
unattractive light; his comrades used to temporary tendencies of historical scholar- tinuation of some works of great extent,
make fun of him and disliked him. Gogol ship, assigns in his history too much import- the first volumes of which have been men-
proudly retired into himself and said ance to persons. All his works are of a bio- tioned in my previous articles. For example,
"You cannot insult me, but if I insult any graphical character, but for all that he has in the matter of sources, the basis of all
one of you, you will feel it." One most not a true power of psychological analysis, history, I may call attention to two volumes
curious book on Gogol is that by G. Man- which is especially felt in the biography of of Cortes de los Antiguos Reinos de
'
delshtam, a professor of the University of such an enigmatical person as the Emperor Aragon y Valencia y Principado de Cata-
Helsingfors, On the Style of Gogol.' Man- Alexander I., who was with some reason luna,' brought out by the Academy of
'
delshtam was a pupil of Potebnya, the clever called by Pushkin a harlequin. Besides History. They form vols. iv. and v. of the
philologist. He surveys the productions of the history of Alexander I., Shilder wrote a series and comprehend the acts of the Catalan
Gogol not from the general view, which sketch of the reign of Paul and began a Cortes for the years 1377 to 1410, a period
yields very varying results, but by sketch of that of Nicholas I. The educa- of great interest in the legislation and par-
studying the very elements of his com- tional authority and publicist, S. Rachinski, liamentary history of that region. On the
positions, epithets, and the arrangement of has also died ;he was very popular in other hand, of the collection of Actas
*
sentences. Russia. His last essay, Absit Omen,' was de las Cortes de Castilla' the twentieth
'
The jubilees of Gogol and Zhukovski directed against the changes in the system volume has been published, formed of
engrossed almost all the available strength of classical education in Russia. For documents of the years 1602 to 1604,
of the historians of literature, and very few myself, a much more grievous loss has an epoch in which the signal decay of
works have appeared which had to do with been the death of the young poet Ivan that institution as a factor in politics
other periods and other writers. V. Zavitne- Konevski, of which, however, little notice imparts greater value to its documents,
vich undertook a large biography of A. S. was taken. He was drowned in the summer in view of the vague way in which it is
Khomiakov, the most prominent and the of last year in Livonia. He was still a usual to speak of its existence and functions
most gifted of the Slavophiles, poet, philo- student at the university his name first in the years that preceded its total extinc-
;
sopher, divine, philologist, and mechanician. appeared in print in 1899. tion by the queen- guardian of Charles II.
N. Bareukov has continued his even more As regards Russian journalists no notable The documents relating to the Company of
N3897, July 5, 1902 THE ATHEN^U I\I 27
Jesus will always possess for historians a which contains the Infortunios do Alonso
*
regional and local liistory continue to
special attraction, alike for the defenders of Ramirez,' described by Sigiienza, and the enrich this branch of literature by pub-
the work of Ignatius Loyola and for those '
Ivelacinn do la America Septentrional of ' lishing monographs whicli continue slowly
who attack it. therefore, right to
It is, Father Hennepin, and the other a Historia '
to increase. Among these 1 may enumerate,
draw attention to the continuation of the de las Misionos de la Compania do Jesus en because of its bearing on 'atalonia, the (
'
Monumenta Societatis Josu with Epis- ' '
el Maranon Espanol' (1G37-1767), written ninth volume of the CoUeccio do Docu- '
the celebrated 'Espaua Sagrada,' relating Seiior Navarrete condenses discreetly, and de Buenas Letras,' in which are to be found
to the churches which in ancient times were on a good plan, the results of modern in- four excellent studies one by Senor Bofarull,
:
sutfragans of Seville. It is well known that vestigations as well as of the classical upon the Antigua Marina Catalana,' an
'
in the most useful collection of P. Florez authorities on the subject Navarrete, for amplification of the well-known work of
there are some other volumes out of print, instance, Capmany, and others by an and Capmany a second on Don Jaime de
; '
lication belong the twelfth volume of the by the moderation and gracefulness with from the pen of Senor Maspons, supplies
'
Guerra dela Independencia,' by Senor Gomez which some of the memoirs of well-known an interesting picture of arbitrary signorial
Arteche the third of the Historia Genea-
;
'
men are put together. The two volumes of conduct in the Middle Ages and an essay ;
Espanola,' by Senor Bethencourt the fourth ; Conte has brought out are interesting, by the same Senor Bofarull whom I have
of the Historia de la S. A. M. Iglesia de
'
although they are slight and contain no im- just mentioned. In all respects more re-
Santiago de Compostela,' by Senor Lopez portant revelations. Finally, in competition
markable alike for the novelty f its facts,
Ferreiro and the seventh of the Armada '
for a prize offered by the Academy of Moral the weightiness of its theme, and the his-
;
Espanola' (1759 to 1788) of Senor Fer- and Political Sciences there have appeared torical importance of its conclusions is
nandez Duro. To the respective merits of two biographies of Don Antonio C';inovas the academic dissertation in which Seiior
all of these I have drawn the attention of del Castillo the one, which obtained the
: Hinojosa traces the history of the villeins
your readers on previous occasions. award, by Senor Pons, and the other, which of Catalonia, styled Origen y Vicisitudes
'
New books belonging to general history gained a proxime accessit, by Senor do la pagesi'a de remensa en Cataluna.'
are far from numerous. In the first line Lara. Tho character of C;inovas del The subject had been previously handled
should figure the excellent monograph by Castillo is certainly most interesting to an by Prof. Piskorski, of the Univer-
Senor Yivcs on La Moneda 'astellana,' as
' (
historian. He was a genuine representative sity of Kieff, who consulted many
it not only rectifies errors made with respect of the Bourbon restoration, and also of the Catalan documents ; but Senor Hinojosa
to our numismatic and economic annals, but strange and deplorable pessimism which, by surpasses all his predecessors in knowledge
supplies as well numerous notices hitherto paralyzing the arms of many men of ability, of the sources, and so far as his theme has
unpublished, the results of his personal was the cause of almost all our disasters to do with history may be said to have
research. Senor Blazc^uez in a brief essay during the closing years of the nineteenth exhausted the subject. Thanks to his
Via Eomana de Tanger But the time has not yet come for investigations, the legal condition of the
'
on the '
;i Cartage century.
furnishes data for the solution of the panegyrists, even of the utmost honesty of pagesos is definitely ascertained, as well as
question of the Eoman mile, which, in his purpose, to extol his career in eulogistic the import of the celebrated sentence of
judgment, was not a uniform measure, and phrases. Guadalupe and the value of the disputed
Several causes contribute to make the " jus primaj noctis," the legal existence of
the results of his study appear to confirm
this view of the matter. The epoch of the number of books devoted to local and which in Catalonia was maintained by
Austrias which has been closely examined provincial history relatively large, and at Pujades, Schmidt, Ciirdenae, and other
by various writers, yet still presents a times superior to the writings concerned authorities. The theory of Senor Hinojosa,
few obscure points or questions that have with general history. In the first place, whoso paper was read before the Academia
not been elucidated has been the topic of the former is loss known, and tempts in- de Buenas Letras, was confirmed by the
three books of very different character. One vestigators with many discoveries and learned Senor Carreras y Candi, who
of them is from the pen of Senor Barado, novelties in the second, the love of what
; supplies many curious facts relating to
a specialist in military history and more we Spaniards call " patria chica," or the the servile classes and tho " males usos."
especially in all that concerns our ware in native place, incites not a few it must be In the same department of juridical history
the Low Countries, and is styled Don Juan '
confessed not always those equipped for the the monograph of Senor Chabiis, Genesis '
de Austria en Fiandes.' The second fills two study and stirs up popular historical del derecho foral de Valencia,' is especially
volumes, and is a treatise by Seiior Boronat societies tobear the cost of books of more remarkable, as for tiie first time it settles
on Los Moriscos Espanoles y su Expulsion.'
'
or less importance. In short, the political critically the question of the origin and
It has been praised, whether justly or not movement in favour of " regionalismo,"' frignificance of the /"k'-^';o< of Valencia, which
I cannot say, as I have not had the oppor- which for some years has been growing in have hitherto been talked of with consider-
tunity of reading it. The third is an address importance, also contributes to the increase able vagueness.
delivered before the Academy by Senor of this literature, although not so much so In regard to the Balearic Islands there
Francisco Silvela upon the Matrimonios de '
as might be supposed. Certainly attention are two volumes of merit La com^uista do
:
'
Espana y Francia en 1G15,' a dissertation should be directed to the fact that the Menorca en 1287,' by Senor Parpal, who
rather political than historical, in which the strongest of the local movements, ''ElCata- has sifted the matter thoroughly, and
writer, as his habit is, takes facts already lauismo," posse.ssing in a largo measure
Mallorca durante la I'rimera lievolucioa
known as the foundation of an explanation, an historical basis, has not provoked (1808-14),' by Senor Oliver, who adopts
from his pomt of view, of the course of among its adversaries historical study the methods of Taine, and describes witli
Spanish politics. More value attaches to the sullicient to dissipate tho pretensions and signal ability tlie international ]ii.story of
mono;,^raph of Senor Danvila upon Luisa '
complaints put forward in support of tho capital of tho Balearos during those
de Orleans y Luis I.' The author is not tho separatist policy. The superficial years, bringing to bear most curious facts
merely fortunate as an investigator, but also essays which for years past the J^apana that throw light up(m tho struggle of ideas,
is an excellent writer in whom arc combined Regional has published, and tho books of upon tho celebrated episode of tho Fren( h
some of the qualities that usually make sucli Senores Torras and liomaui', do not suflico prisoners in tho i.slancl of Cabrera, and tho
pleasant reading of the works of Freucli for the purpose, uud tho gonerul public social inodillcations introduced at tho
historians. continues to Jiear a number of proofs beginning of tho nineteenth century.
The annals of America are represented vaguely alleged, many of which certainly Tho juridical luHtory of (luipiizcoa can
only by two works one a volume of the
: seem to bo not too securely founded. boast of a fuiidaincntal work which lills up
collection of Libros liaros y Curiosos,'
' However this may be, the devotees of many gaps and settles several points
; :
, ;
Echogaray forms an appendix, and furnishes Vida on Madrid,' and to that of politics the by Marquina, En la Sierra by Benages, '
'
ture, the drama, and manners, besides a Calderon, one of the purest and most intelli- Maohado, Castellanas by Gabriel and
' '
sketch of provincial administration since gent writers of Castillian prose. Galan, El Pais del Sol by Eueda, and
*
'
the passing of the laws of IHfiH. To tho Considerable contributions have been '
Aires del Montseny by the illustrious '
same province are devoted the two volumes made to the literature of art in the fol- Catalan master, Verdaguer. Of an historical
of tho Nobiliario do los Palacios, (Jasas,
'
lowing publications Estudios Historicos
:
'
character are the Florilegio de Poesias '
Solares y Linajea nobles dc Guipuzcoa,' by Artisticos principalmente rolativos a Val- Castellanas del Siglo XIX.,' put together by
Lizaso, and a collection of short studies, ladolid,' by Senor Marti, a large volume Don Juan Valera, and the Cancionero do '
'De mi Pais,' by the above - mentioned with many illustrations two volumes upon ; Juan Alvarez Gato,' published by Senor
Senor Echogaray. 'Hierros Artisticos,' containing two hundred Cotarelo. Popular poetry is represented by
Omitting various other monographs, for plates, by Seiior Labarta a most important ; the Cancionero Popular Turolense
'
of '
lack of space to notice thorn in detail, I may M'ork by the Conde de Valencia de San Juan Doporto.
draw the attention of your readers to the devoted to Armas y Tapicos de la Corona
'
The stage,
in which a regeneration appears
address read before tho Academy by Senor de Espana'; a treatise by Seiior Herrera on to have begun, offers some undeniable
Lopez de Ayala regarding Toledo en la ' *
Medallas de los Gobernadores de los Paises successes, and others which, without having
cpoca de las Comunidades,' a discourse full Bajos en el Eeinado de Felipe II.' Escul- ;
*
been much before the public, ought to be
of notices of economic and artistic history a ; tura Eomanica en Espana,' and Instru- '
considered by the critics. In my opinion
*
Diario Turolense de la primera mitad del mentos Miisicos en las miniaturas de los the most noteworthy productions have been
Siglo XVI.,' published by Senor Llabres Codices Espailoles,' by Senor Serrano Fatigati; '
Las Flores,' by the brothers Alvarez Quin-
a description, historical and picturesque, of a monograph upon the Monasterio de San '
tero, a delicious play, full of intense and
Asturias, by Seiiores Canella and Bellmunt, Llorens del Munt,' by Seiior Eogent and an ; original poetry; 'Los Encarrilados,' a
remarkable for its many excellent illustra- excellent manual of Organografia musical '
Catalan drama by a new author, Torrendell,
tions and especially the conscientious study
; antigua espanola,' by Seiior Pedrell. who combines great gifts for the task
by Senor Torres Campos of the Caracter '
In belles-lettres two facts are observable '
Alma y Vida,' a symbolist drama by Perez
de la Conquista y Colonizacion de las Islas the return of our authors to the cultivation of Galdos, in which there are some admirable
Canarias,' which vindicates the Spaniards the story, from which they have been inclined scenes Llibertat,' by Eusinol, a witty
;
'
from the imputations of cruelty which par- to hold aloof of recent years, and the invasion criticism of pseudo-liberalism written after
tially instructed authors have introduced of Castillian poetry by "Modernity," The the fashion of the Enemy of the People,' by '
into their writings, and which have hitherto complete list of tales published, even of those Ibsen and La Gobernadora and Amor
;
' ' '
passed for eorrect. that are not devoid of merit, would be very long. de Amar,' by Benavente, a writer already
The literary history of my country has I shall consequently limit myself to enume- well known. Echegaray has not produced
been enriched by various reprints of old rating those which are of conspicuous merit. any new work of merit.
works a copious bibliography relating to
; Apart from the collections of tales already To the
history of the drama belong the
Jovellanos, Inventario de un Jovellanista,'
'
familiar by Alas ('El gallo de Socrates'), eleventh volume of the Obras de Lope de '
by Seiior Somoza and various works relat- ; E milia Pardo ( Ouentos de Navidad y Eey es )
'
'
Vega,' which Senor Menendez y Pelayo is
ing to our ancient drama, especially three and other masters of recognized celebrity, I editing, and the Coleccion de Autos, Farsas, '
important volumes from the pen of Senor may put first the works of a new author, y Coloquios del Siglo XVI.,' a manuscrij)t
Cotarelo upon Juan del Encina,' Lope de
' '
Seiior Baroja, entitled Aventuras, Inventos '
of the Biblioteca Nacional which has been
Eueda,' and the 'Teatro anterior a Lope y Mistificaciones de Silvestre Paradox and ' printed, thanks to the exertions of Senor
de Vega,' besides one compiled by Senor '
Camino de perfeccion,' which are recom- Eouanet, who enriches it with interesting
Perez Pastor, 'Nuevos Datos acerca del mendable in every sense, and reveal an notes. Eafael Altamira.
Histrionismo Espanol en los Siglos XVI. y original writer, ingenious, cultivated, and
XVII.' Senor Cotarelo has also brought possessed by a deep feeling for poetry.
out a collection of articles under the Another young writer possessed of artistic
LITERATURE
title of Estudios de Historia Literaria,'
'
talent, although repellent to many readers,
of which the most noteworthy is that devoted owing to the scabrous nature of the subjects
James Chalmers : his Autoliography and
to the celebrated but apocryphal 'Querellas' he has selected, is Seiior Valle Inclan. He Letters. By Eichard Lovett. (Eeligious
of Alfonso X. The literature that gathers has given us a new story of love in his Tract Society.)
round Cervantes has been augmented by a '
Sonata de Otono.' Senor Blasco Ibanez, James Chalmers of New Guinea. By Cuthbert
volume from the pen of Senor Asensio, whose stories of Valencian manners have Lennox. (Edinburgh, Melrose.)
already well known in this branch of letters, been justly praised, has now attempted an More than ten years ago the great Tamate,
'
Cervantes y sus Obras,' and an inquiry historical story in Sonnica la Cortesana,' a
' to give Chalmers the name which his natives
regarding *E1 Loaysa de "El Celoso Extre- tale noteworthy for its description of the invented for him, was all-powerful in New
meiio," in which Senor Eodriguez Marin
'
Saguntine country. Senor Villegas, better Guinea, recognized by politicians, traders,
endeavours to identify with a real personage known as a critic, has published a new men white and dark in skin and soul, as the
the character presented by Cervantes in his collection of historiettes under the name dominant voice. Yet such is the ignorance
tale. of La Novela de la Vida.' Another
' or indifference of those who sit at home and
Although far from large, the group of young writer, Seiior Danvila, who begins pretend to discern our great men that books
books relating to the history of philosophy with a great display of energy, has of reference usually trustworthy include no
deserves some notice, because there figure sketched in La Conquista de la Ele-
' single word concerning Tamate. Now that
in the writings of Eamon Lull, printed
it gancia' the habits of the aristocracy and he is dead he may, perhaps, get more
in conformity with the original texts, and middle classes in Madrid. In his Cartas ' recognition. Missionaries often seem unwise,
accompanied by notes and variants by Sen or de mujeres Seiior Benavente displays the
' cautious in the wrong place, fatally blind to
Eosello, and a translation into Castillian of gifts of a delicate observer in a class of the racial and climatic differences which put
'La Fuente de la Vida' of Aben-Cebrol, as work which Prevost has made celebrated in their dress and demeanour out of court. It
well as a reprint of the philosophical works France. I ought further to mention the is painful, for instance, to read Sir Harry
of Campoamor, which form the first volume tales 'Androminas of Gutierrez Gamero,
'
Johnston's severe criticism of a man like
of his Obras Completas.' I have also to
'
La Hija de Don Quijote,' by Menendez
'
Bishop Hannington. So one turns with
mention an admirable study of Senor Asin Agusty, *E1 Einon de la montaiia' of pleasure to a missionary with such creden-
upon Algazel.' His object has been to
'
Delfin Fernandez, and the printing by Senor tials as Tamate. Mr. Lovett has written
explore thoroughly the doctrines of the Arab Eubii'i of an unpublished Catalan story of (for his own share in the book is much more
philosopher, and prove his marked influence the fifteenth century, Curial y Giielfa.' '
than his modesty allows) the authoritative
on the writings of Ramon Lull, Eamon Volumes of verse abound, notwithstand- record of a singularly attractive man.
Marti', and St. Thomas Aquinas. To the ing the indifference of the public. I may He has enjoyed full access to Chalmers's
n
of an impossible saint, a glorided failure came ten years ago, is a great lover of his pipe. It was only in April of last year that th&
deficient in humanity. Chalmers was very I have told him sometimes that tobacco was no
tragedy of Dopima, at the mouth of th
human, very earnest, very successful in good, but he always looks grave and earnest,
and says, Misi, if I had no tobacco I should
Omati river, cut short tlie vigorous career of
more ways than one. '
preacher, no master of pastoral perseverance one or two converts good, but strike for the
ture in New Guinea' (1885), which he wrote-
;
"The Sabbath services are well attended by churches, the work all done by themselves. Armt/s or Duke of Jiataillis. Edited by
all. The Rarotongans
are truly a church- They build or repair their own schools and .J. II. Stevenson.
going people. Our services are short, not churches, and pay their own pastors." Cdtholic Tractates of the Sixteenth Ccnturij
exceeding an hour and ten minutes. I dislike It is impossible to have everything, espe- (l.')73-l()0()). Selections edited by Thomas
long services anywhere, and in this climate I cially in the case of so full a life as that of Graves Law, LL.D.
find, should they exceed the time above stated,
Tamate, but we wish that there were more Tlie New Testament in Scots: he iufi Purvey'
the interest Hags and we all get drowsy." Itcvision of Wijrliffe's ]'ersion, turned into
of such glimpses as these for the anthro-
An interesting tribute printed from Scots t)ii Murdocli Nisliet, c. l.jl'O. Eiliteil
is
pologist concerning the great annual festival l)yThomas Graves Law, LL.D. Vol. I.
Mr. Lawes, a companion of Chalmers in his of initiation for young men at the Fly Eiver Livij's llislorij of Rome: the First Fire Jiooka,
work, concerning the use of tobacco, a in New Guinea: Scots John Jicllrnden,.
translated into bij
burning question in 1880-2. Tobacco, he " For the dances they dress very elaborately. \:>:i:\. Edited by W. A. Craigic. \'ol. \.
says, them twelve feet high
The head-dresH, some of 1)11) the Gude and (ioillic Ballatis,' faintly
'
"is really the currency here; houses and and three feet broad, is one mass of feathers, expurgated, and the 'Works of Sir William-
churches are built with it, boats are pulled by it, chiefly the bird of paradise. on the It rests Mure break tho heart of the Scottish Text
'
gardens and fences are made with it it is our ; head, and has a piece of wood running down the Society for further prcsccution of Scottish
wood and water, our fruit, vegetables, fish it ; back which is fastened with a string round verse'.-' Or is it simply a coinriclenco that
is the sign of peace and friendship, the key the middle. There are also long streamers of since tlio.so pious and edifying volumes her I
wliich opens the door for better things, and (as white feathers attached, and the whole is so tasto of the Society has been for prose? Pit-
I so often stated in England) the shortest way springy that every movement of head and body scottio's 'Cronlclcs' made a good boginning,
to a New Guinean's heart is through his tobacco- makes the liead dress move gracefully. There now followed by tho four books cnmncratcd
pipe. Vou will perhaps regret that so much is also a very finely wrought hand of various above, and bridging ovor a century and a half.
tobacco is used, and so do we, but you must not colours round the waist, and l)eautiful garters Equally in point of vigoiir of diction and in
think of the short black pipes which adorn (or with tassels and dried nuts to make a noise, and respect of priority in time, .Mr. Stevenson'*
otherwise) the corners of so many EInglihh anklets like a ruff of fine silk, also with dried prosontment of Sir (Jilbcrt Ilayo deserved the
mouths, nor associate it with its accompanyini,' nuts attached. Men, women, and children attt^idJon now paid to it. H.ayc had scon
English vices. dance and sing and beat drums, and continun service in I'^ranco, and, priest though ho was,
" in virtue of lii.-*.
" have no predilections in favour of llie
I the whole niglit through. The women wear new he raidis among thi" " niakaris
weed. I am a non-smoker, I have never had a petticoats made from the yung frond of the sago conscienlioiis verso rendering of the K'oiii.-inco '
cigar or pipe in iny mouth, and until I came palm, and dyed various colours. The young men of Alexander.' Mr. Stevenson is tho first to edit
in 145(5, after the translator's return to his reserved for the concluding volume. although we differ from them and think
inative land. The treatise discusses the laws Bellenden's 'Livy' is one of those per- them based upon insuflicient information, are
of arms under very various aspects legal, formances which arc due to the command of probably those of a majority of politicians in
canonical, and ethical, as well as military royalty. Of course, its theme was too remote this country at the present time. In his pre-
glancing the while at many slde-themcs of to invest it with much Scottish attraction, face Mr. Butler-Johnstone says that federation
history, morals, and jurisprudence. For in- beyond its diction and vocabulary, as transla- between the United Kingdom and the colonies
stance, among its problems is that of account- tion. Mr. Craigie, in a brief and businesslike has in the last six years become a question of
ing for the fact that God gives the sun " na introduction, mentions that his text has Ijeen practical politics. He attacks opponents as
vertu to schyno better apon a Cristyn drawn from an exact transcript made for the timid, and thinks it possible to bring about
mannis corne na apon a Sarrazenis." And purpose from the Advocates' Library copy by federation on equal terms and on a democratic
with a like readiness to face the actual it dis- the Rev. Walter MacLeod, and that the value basis, with the abolition of the House of
poses of the issue " Quhethir rychwis men or of the work is mainly philological. A some- Lords, the creation of an elective Senate, and
synnaris are starkarc in bataill ? " starting what marked observation by Mr. Stevenson in the representation in that Senate of those
with the odds strongly in favour of the greater his prefatory note to Haye's MS. suggests the colonies which choose to join, admitting as he
starkncss of the sinners. Editorially such a desirability, for philological purposes, of edi- does that only a few might come in at first,
work could not have been in better hands torial collation, doubtless impossible in this and that "some might refuse to join at all."
than Mr. Stevenson's. He has compiled an particular example in view of Mr. Craigie's India is to be excluded, and it is supposed
4idequate and informing preface, in which is residence in Oxford. Specially interesting is that such a scheme would consolidate the em-
collected all necessary matter concerning both the account of the characteristics of the MS. pire! Now the objections have been pointed
the French author's book and its Scottish belonging to Mr. Ogilvic Forbes, of Boyndlie, out by no one more forcibly than by Mr.
translator. The text appears to be very and collated by Mr. Craigie. Written in Chamberlain in his speech on Mr. Hedder-
correct, though perhaps " lovable," pp. 84, 87, several dilTerent hands, believed to be the
it is wick's motion, and Mr. Chamberlain cannot
might be better understood as lowihle (praise- production of no fewer than eleven scribes, who be described as " timid." Moreover, why
worthy), and" Vingang," p.5G, meaning circuit, presumably worked simultaneously, taking should an arbitrary line be drawn, as is here
should certainly be umriami. separate sections as their respective shares drawn, between what the author describes as
To the Tractates Dr. Law has prefixed a
'
' of the copy. Livy speaks Scots as if to the " dependencies " and "colonies," the arrange-
compact and excellent sketch of the contro- manner born. Mr. Craigie gives us only one ment proposed being exclusively for the
versial literature of post-Keformation Catho- regret he might have been able to ascertain
: United Kingdom and the colonies ? He does
licism, including brief biographies of James whether Bellenden in 1533 used a printed or a not tell us what are " colonies." If he means
Tyrie, John Hamilton, Nicol Burne, Adam manuscript version of the original author.
only the self-governing colonies that is, the
King, Patrick Anderson, and Alexander Perhaps he is reserving his plums of comment Commonwealth, the Dominion, the future
Baillie, whose careers demonstrate the high for the notes in the second and final volume. South African Confederation, N'ew Zealand,
zeal and devotion with which they upreared
and Newfoundland then we must confess that
against every hazard the fallen standard. it seems to us grotesque to hand over the
Often printed in France under conditions OUR LIBRARY TABLE. government India and that of the Crown
of
little favourable to typographic accuracy, Maxim Gorky: his Life and Writings. By colonies in the most important questions
these booklets of religious debate, now E. J. Dillon. (Isbister & Co.) Dr. E. J. namely, those relating to the Imperial budget,
made the subject of judicious selection, Dillon has in previous works shown his inti-
the army, the navy, and foreign affairs to a
are perhaps more noteworthy for historical mate knowledge of Russian life and Russian new Senate in which there would be repre-
curiosity than for their claims as contributions character. In the present book he gives a sented only the overwhelmingly large popula-
to the tale of the old Scots tongue. John sketch of the career of Maxim Gorky, to em-
tion of the United Kingdom Home Rule being
Knox is handled with a polemic freedom which ploy that writer's nom de guerre, and makes given to Ireland and the comparatively
is refreshing to consider. The subject of the use of the short autobiography which Gorky infinitesimal ten million people of the self-
apostolic succession in laying on of hands has given us, illustrating it with extracts governing colonies. But South Africa is not
being under treatment, we get the following from his tales. The criticisms of Dr. Dillon in a condition to come in at all at present, and
gem of anecdote and commentary: are sober. AVhile admiring Gorky's power of there is every reason to supjiose that Aus-
"Johann Kmnox ansuerit maist resolutlie, '
Baf, drawing character and introducing picturesque tralia would not come in. Mr. Butler-John-
man, we are anes entered lat se quha dar put us
baf, incidents, Dr. Dillon does not fail to find fault stone would, therefore, ask us to treat as prac-
out agane'; mening that thair was not sa monie with him for idealizing the criminals he tical a scheme for destroying the House of
gunnis and pistollis in the cuntrej- to put him out introduces, because tlieg are criminals. He Lords, giving Home Rule to Ireland, and
as was to intrud him with violence. Sua Johann
Kmnox be his auin confession entered not in the gives us the rudest pictures of life they are
; governing the emiiire in the most important
kirk be ordinar vocatione or impositione of handis powerfully drawn, no doubt, but are they not questions by a new Senate in which five
botbe impositione of bullatisand poulder in culringis often extra artem ? We cannot see why the million colonists would be invited to take a
and lang gunnis." autobiography of Gorky makes Dr. Dillon large share in disposing of the future of the
So said Nicol Burne in 1581. think of that of Gibbon. Surely they are at hundreds of millions of British subjects who
Also committed to Dr. Law's practised care the opposite poles of writing. We have already would go wholly unrepresented. Such schemes
as the deeply interesting New Testament in
' alluded to the main features of the life of are crude ; and the great knowledge and
Scots,' from Lord Amherst's uniciue MS. In Gorky, and the educational influence which ability of Mr. Butler- Johnstone are more
some thirty pages of preface there is com- the lawyer Lanin and the novelist Korolenko worthily employed upon the other portions of
(prised an amount of recondite information had over him. He seems to be a man his work, in which he deals with China, Persia,
regarding the manuscript texts of the Vulgate who would not be contented in any circum- Turkey, India, and Japan.
and the early translations such as only the stances. He is ijervaded with the spirit of In the second volume of the History of the
most laborious and extended collation could rebellion. From the time of Lomonosov, in Clan Gregor (Edinburgh, Brown), compiled by
iiave made available. Incidentally there is a the first half of the eighteenth century, to Miss Amelia Murray Macgregor, one of the
smart passage at arms with Father Gasquet Drozhzhin, who is living in our time, Russia vice-presidents of the Clan Society, there is a
regarding his argument that all existing MSS. has had a series of writers who have started great deal of "fine confused feeding," but
commonly ascribed to Wycliffe or Purvey were from a very humble station in life. The talents from the point of view of lucidity of arrange-
in reality Catholic versions sanctioned or of Gorky are great, and there seems now every ment or expression we fear we cannot I'ate it
tolerated by ecclesiastical authority. The chance of their being adequately recognized. more highly than the previous volume. No
tproposition seems to come to pieces in Dr. The present book is well written and in an doubt the task was most difficult, owing to the
Law's grasp, but we do not wish to put our- appreciative spirit, and will no doubt do a multitude of parallel lines, most of which at
selves between "the pass and fell incensed great deal to make Gorky better understood one time or another produced persons of
points" of clerical debate. Scotland has but in England. high vigour and notoriety, who for the time
a sort of second-rate credit by this sole Mr. H. M. Butler-Johnstone, formerly, we being loomed in the offended eye of the law as
example of Scriptural text of home inanu- think, a well-known member of Parliament, representatives of that " wickit bike of law-
tfacture, for this New Testament is rather publishes through Mr. George Allen Imperial- less limmars," the Clan Gregor. As the
to be called an edition or recension than ism, Federation, and Policij, a reprint of chieftains of most of these lines had failed to
a translation. Murdoch Nisbet, who wrote articles contributed to an English paper pub- register their titles by the time the practice
it, closely following his English model, was a lished in Belgium in 1896. The author writes had become well established on the Highland
native of the parish of Loudon, in Ayrshire, in the same fashion of his main subject as side of the line, the genealogist had for the
and one of those Lollards of Kyle of whom so do several gentlemen whose works we have most part to work without the assistance, so
little is known. Holograph of the original recently reviewed. His insight into foreign invaluable in the case of most Scottish families,
scribe, the text now so carefully furnished with affairs is considerable, and he pointed out in which the Register House affords. Never-
the accompaniment of continuous collation 1896 with much power the arguments in favour theless the book is so voluminous, so con-
with the Vulgate and with the early English of a treaty alliance with Japan which have scientiously exhaustive, that no doubt its
; .
conclusions will be accepted in the main by wanting in his present volume because, based .Vcienec.
The lines of Glen- Alt)ert (B.), The Diagnosis of Surgical Diseases, 8vo, 18/net.
all loyal sons ol' Alpine. as largely upon British experience as to
it is
Baillli^re's Popular Miuinikin, edited l)y W. S. Furiieaux,
stray, extinct with Archibald of Kilmanan the necessity of diversity in colonial adminis- olp|i>ng fiillo, iHmrda. :>/ net.
of Lados-ach, or Glenearnock, from whom the tration, it is specially addressed (o his own lliorns (A. II ), .Mfliillography, cr. Svo, 6/
l.endon (A. A.), Clinical Lectures on Ilyuatld Disease of the
present chiefs are descended of Koro, of ; countrymen. It is worth notice that in one Lungs, Svo, .>/ net.
whom Balhaldies, so well known to investigators passage he names Morocco as a future colony Marsh (H.), Clinical lls.says ami Leitiireg, Svo, 7/6
of the history of Jacobitism, was the senior ol France, but in another admits tiiat the Genernl Literature.
cadet; of Dougal Ciar or Glongyle, the INloorish question can only bo dealt with by All the Worlds Fighting Ships, l'.'ii2, edited by F. T. Jane,.
olilong folio, 1.)/ net.
eponymous chief of which seems to have been a combination of three Powers. We wonder Hak>'r (11. n.), Hobert Miner, Anaiehlst. cr. h\o. ,'t,rt
maligned somewhat by Sir Walter Scott in the which three. France and Great Britain and Directory of Americans iii London an<t Great Britain, May,
matter of Glenfrnin, though tiie " Wizard " did Spain are neighbours. Germany, however, l'.K)2, cr. Svo, .')/
asks for his pipes. Miss Macgregor is glad Classics" (Grant Richards) remarkably Fagniez (Q.), Le Due de Broglie, 2fr. 50.
Haslan (H.), Legendes et Veritas: la Guerre Franco-
that Mr. Lang should have succeeded in cheap books, as we have said before. The Allemande, 3fr. 50.
Pfister (C), Histoire de Nancy, Vol. 1, 25fr.
exonerating James Mor from the guilt of volumes seem to appear in various colours ;
Wilmotte (M.), La Belgique, Morale et Politique, 1830-
"Pickle," but, like most Highlanders, is not we do not know if they can all be had in 1900, 3fr. 60.
blue, say, or green. Geography and Travel.
exactly grateful for the condemnation of Glen-
Birt (T.), Qriechische Erinneruigcn e. Reisenden, 3m. 60.
garry. The election of Balhaldies as chief by "We have on our table Famotis Encjlishmeny Reiss (W.)u. Sliibel (A.), Reisen in Siid-Amerika II. Ost- :
certain leading families in 1714 is a proof of by J. Finnemore, Vol. II. (Black), Burke's Cordillere, Part 2, 20m.
Suess (E.), La Face de la Terre, Vol. 3, 15fr.
the confused state of the succession at the Tlioucjhts on the Cause of the Present Discon-
and Pastimes.
i^'potts
time the opinion upon it by Dundas is
; tents, edited by F. G. Selby (Macmillan),
Traits Pratique de la Chasse et du Gibler,
Testart (L.),
remarkable as showing that so late as in 1799 JMrj Log Book (R. B. Johnson), Of Gardens, bfr. 50.
it was considered that a matter of clanship an Essay by Francis Bacon, with an Introduc- Science.
might be discussed and decided, on advoca- tion by H. Milman (Lane), Hoic to Reason, Kayser (H.), Handbuch der Spectroscopic, Vol. 2, 40m.
Philology.
tion_ from the Lyon Office, by the Court of by the Rev. R. C. Bodkin (Dublin, Browne and
Corpus Inscriptionum Ktruscarum, Parts 9 Id, 2'^m.
Session. To most people the quaint Jacobite & Xolan), Worth Church, Sussex, by the Rev. Meyer (L ), Handbuch der griechischen Etymologic, Vol. 4,
and other letters, and such ballads as A. Bridge (F. Sherlock), A Skeleton German 14m.
Siitterlin (L.), Das Wesen der sprachlichen Gebilde, 4m.
'
Gilderoy and Mary Macgregor's Lament,'
' '
Grammar, by H. G. Atkins (Blackie), Torp (A Etniskische BeitrJige, Part 1, Cm.
),
with their tragic suggestions, will be the most Anahjtical Psijchologu, JSIental Analnsis, by L. Ulrich (J.), Italienifclie Volksromanzeii, 4m.
readable parts of the book. To the clan it Witmer (Ginn), Easij Mathematical Problem General Literature.
must ever be a valuable work of reference. Papers, by C. Davison (Blackie), One World Beaumont (C), Vert-de-Gris, :ifr. 50.
The next volume will complete the loving at a Time, by T. R. Slicer (Putnam), .! Dhastre (R.), Le Raiser de la Vie, 3fr. 50.
Eriande (A.), La Tendresse, aSr. 50.
labours of the distinguished editor. Course in Invertebrate Zoi'dogij, by H. S. Pratt Hopital (J. 1'), Le Fits de M. Pommier, 3fr. 50.
consent and instinctive good feeling left at could possibly have been achieved by the most He was a handsome and serious man, who
home. Even the great Eastern magnates dis- lavish outlay of regal magnificence. These and had an air of diligence and of thought about hie
<:arded for the time all bright array and jewelled other lessons to be gathered from the dramatic lofty forehead, which struck even casual
splendour every one seemed desirous not to
;
upset of the plans of King and people were observers. In the Athenteum Club, which he
vaunt himself above his fellows, and the quietest nobly set forth in the stirring sermon of the frequented, he seemed always so absorbed in
.garb of ordinary dress was adopted save by those Bishop of Stepney, delivered at St. Paul's on work that one hesitated to interrupt him, even
who took part in the procession. The choir and Sunday, June 29th, when the intercessory ser- to put an important question. Yet nothing
clergy, the bishops and archbishops, as the con- vice of Thursday was repeated. could exceed his courtesy when thus inter-
ductors of the service, were perforce in the pellated. He seemed at once to acknowledge
vestments of their respective offices, and follow- the right of a literary man to profit by his
ing them came the Lord Mayor's procession in LORD ACTON. intellectual wealth. Nor was he wanting in
all its quiint array of brilliant civic magnificence. Last week Lord Acton was chiefly considered sympathy with the ordinary things of life. He
It was assuredly the feeling of many of that as a teacher at Cambridge. I add a few notes used often to speak with admiration of the week
exceedingly earnest congregation that it would of a more general kind. If there was a unique he spent in Dublin at the Tercentenary Feast of
have been better and more in consonance with figure in Europe, it was Lord Acton. To com- the University, and say that it was the most
the changed circumstances had the City Fathers bine the country squire, the peer of the realm, splendid affair he had ever witnessed. But he
on this one occasion been content to appear as the lord in waiting to the Queen, the Professor was himself one of the glories of the occasion,
ordinary citizens. This unneeded civic pomp of History at Cambridge, the profound lay for there was hardly a foreign delegate who did
was the one jarring note. theologian^ was, indeed, a record to which there not seek an introduction to the famous peer-
The third great Christian church erected on is no parallel. Descended from an old Shrop- professor, the lusus natures which England had
this commanding site in the centre of England's shire family of baronets, he was made a peer by produced. It is earnestly to be hoped that his
capital, opened for worship in 1697, twenty-two Gladstone, because he could best represent vast but orderly catalogues of materials upon
years after the laying of its foundation, has wit- learned Roman Catholic opinion in the House the historical problems he studied may be
nessed many a national gathering. In 1702 the of Lords. The University of Cambridge gladly deposited where scholars can consult them.
first of eight great acts of thanksgiving for accepted him as their professor because he was This would be the best and the most lasting
victories of Anne's reign occurred, at seven of well known to be the most erudite historian in memorial of his noble and laborious life.
which the Queen was present in person, all of England. We have no doubt the late Queen M.
them held in the then new Cathedral Church of found him equally efficient as a lord in waiting,
St. Paul. The whole of the church was declared whatever the duties of that high situation may A CASE OF PLAGIARISM.
for the occasion to be the Queen's Chapel be. Years ago, when the discussions in Rome It is, I think, a duty to literature to call
Royal, and the seats were disposed of and all concerning the limits of the Papal authority attention to clear cases of plagiarism when de-
arrangements made by the Lord Chamberlain. agitated the Catholics of Europe, Lord Acton tected. The Daily Chronicle of June 26th did
The two Houses of Parliament attended was understood to be the leader, and his house me the honour of summarizing at the foot of its
en masse, the House of Commons being the meeting-ground, of the Old Catholic party, Honours List, with full and handsome acknow-
accommodated on the south side of the choir, or at least of those who desired to maintain such ledgment, an article of mine on Coronation
'
with the Speaker in the bishop's throne. The religious liberty as is consistent with Catholic Peerages' in the Monthly Bee iev: of last Feb-
dean and prebendaries were hustled out of their dogma. The pupil and friend of Dollinger had ruary. The tit. James's Ga::ette of July 1st has,
rightful places and had to be content with many special gifts for such a position, most of on the contrary, utilized my article, without any
chairs within the altar rails. In the same all that of modesty and urbanity, for nothing acknowledgment whatever, for four out of five
reign, and subsequently, there were various could have persuaded him to be an insurgent of the notes in its " Obiter Scripta " column.
formal services of humiliation and prayer or a heretic to his traditional faith. His long Even my quotations are "lifted " by the writer,
before the beginning of military or naval residences abroad and his marriage into the who unconsciously betrays the extent of his own
enterprises, the recent Boer war being the Bavarian house of Arco gave him somewhat of a knowledge of the subject by introducing on his
only one on record which has had no prelude of foreign air. He thought in German and in French own account two grotesque errors. Confusing
national fast and humiliation. In 1789 poor as easily as in English, and spoke these languages the earldom of Manchester (1626) with the
George III., with his innate sense of religion, as perfectly as any man in the world can speak dukedom (1719), he writes : The Dukedom of
'
'
on recovering from his mental affliction, himself three languages, but, as is always the case, not Manchester has the distinction of having been
suggested and carried out a service of personal without some slight detriment to his English. born at the coronation of Charles Stuart." And,
thanksgiving beneath the roof of this Cathedral. His writing was not so attractive as his con- similarly confusing the Dudley earldom of
lb will, too, be well within the memory of many versation, owing partly to its cosmopolitan Warwick (1547) with the Greville one (1759), he
how solemn a service was here held in February, flavour, partly, also, to the overcrowding of informs us that "The earl of Warwick" is
1872, when E.iward VII., then Prince of Wales, materials which congested the flow of his expo among the " Coronation lords." To this extent
knelt by the side of his widowed mother under sition. The
extraordinary introduction to he may claim the credit of originality.
Wren's great dome, to return thanks for his Machiavelli's Principe will serve as the best
'
' J. Horace Round.
recovery from an alarming attack of typhoid illustration of this criticism. It so bristles with
fever. Moreover, only eighteen days had quotations and references that we are diverted
elapsed since Edward VII. and his Queen had from the argument to wonder at the learning of SALE OF AMERICANA.
attended at St. Paul's to make an Act of the writer. His Cambridge lectures are said to Messes. Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge sold
Thanksgiving for the blessings of peace. have laboured under the same defect. They last month the following rare American books
Going back in memory and history to all the were so packed full of matter as to be obscure from the library of Mr. Marshall C. Lefi"erts, of
known gatherings of national import in the and difficult to follow. To the same cause we New York Beverley's Virginia, 1705, lOL 2.s. 6(/.
:
great church of the metropolis, we surmise that may attribute the scantiness of his publications. John Eliot's Indian Translation of the Bible,
the assembly of notables on June 26th exceeded, He knew far too much to write books, for on 1663, 370/. Bishop's New England Judged,
notwithstanding the complete absence of pomp, every topic a thousand authorities would suggest 1661-7, 171. John Bonoeil, On Virginia, 1622,
both in number and importance, all other themselves, and consequently the drag of hun- 67L Thos. Budd, Good Order established in
congregations that have ever worshipped in the dreds of problems. He had been collecting for Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 1685, 1251.
same place. In addition to accredited repre- years materials for a general history of civil and Wm. Bullock, Virginia Impartially Examined,
sentatives of the United States and at least ten religious liberty in Europe. His references to 1649, 271. R. Calef, More Wonders of the
of the chief European Powers, there was a host books were indexed on cards, and when the Invisible World, 1700, 29L Brief Description of
of our Indian and African dependent magnates, present writer saw them, years ago at his hotel the Province of Carolina, 1666, 42L Two Charters
as well as the Premiers of all our great colonies. in Cannes, this index would in itself have filled granted by King Charles II. to the Proprietors of
In various parts of the choir and beneath the volumes. But though it was easy enough to predict Carolina, 1704, Las Casas, The Spanish
261.
dome there were blended, in happy confusion, that such an amassing of stores was unpractical Colonie, in English by M. M. S., 1583, 301.
royal dukes and every grade of the peerage ;
for an author, it was inestimable in its worth to W. Castell, Petition for the Propagation of the
Martyr's Decades of the New World, 1555, Queen's death. It contains, in an appendix, in a dictionary. Read zclal'ia zelatina --
36/. General Laws and Liberties of the copies of a large number of documents, many gelatine." The meaning is that which Mr.
Massachusetts Colony, 1672, 105/. N. Morton, unpublished, some of importance. I have made
New England's Memorial, 1669, 87/. New Bromby suggests.
considerable use of this MS. for a history of
England's Ensigne, 1659, 33/. A Boston Naples between the years 1805 and 1821 on Messrs. William Clowes & Sox.s inform
Revolutionary Broadside, December 1st, 1773 which I am engaged. To any especially in- us that after Monday next their permanent
{against tea), 28/. G. Scot, Model of the terested in the subject I shall be pleased to address will be 23, Cockspur Street, instead
Government of East New Jersey, Edin., give further information." of 34, Southampton Street.
1685, 56/. Capt. John Smith, A Map of
The vet.
Mr. William Le Queux has been appointed A coRREsroxDENT Writes :
Virginia, 1G12, 120/. A. The
Newfound World or Antarctick, 1568, 40/. Consul for the Republic of San Marino. Mr. " What has become, can you
tell me, of the
Gab. Thomas, Account of Pennsylvania, Le Queux was secretary of the British diplo- long-promised catalogue of the London Library ?
1698, 109/. Columbus Letter, a translation, matic mission which visited the Republic The advertisements of the Library inform
1494, 50/. Nova Britannia (Virginia). 1609, last year to make an extradition treaty. intending subscribers that among the advantages
35/. The New Life of Virginia, 1612, 40/. He has for some time been engaged in they will enjoy is that of purchasing the old
Whitbourne's Newfoundland, both parts, 1620- writing a history of this ancient republic, catalogue but most people would prefer the
;
1622, 33/. Roger Williams, The Bloudy privilege of buying the new one, which, by all
which has existed as an independent state
Tenent yet more Bloudy, 1652, 52/. accounts, is to be a nearly perfect work."
for over fifteen hundred years. The book,
which will be profusely illustrated, will be Messrs. Sotiiebv, Wilkixsox & Hodge's
issued in the autumn. three days' sale of books and manuscripts
ILttErarB Jossfp.
Mr. D. G. Hogarth writes concerning on July 28th and two following days will
Mr. Fishek Untv^ix will publish before include a good many important and rare
'The Nearer East : '
long a volume entitled 'The Teacher and books, notably a beautiful copy of the
the Ciiild,' by Mr. H. Thiselton Mark,
"More than one reviewer of my 'Nearer
East,' and yours among them, has ascribed to unique first edition of Dr. Isaac Watts's
Master of Method at the Owens College, me ignorance of Mr. H. B. Lynch's 'Armenia,' '
Divine Songs,' 1715, and a very fine and
Manchester. The book is written in plain, because I speak of it in a note as about to perfect copy of 'The Ryall (or Royall)
untechnical language, and is primarily appear. Your critic charitably supposes absence Book,' printed by Caxton at Westminster
designed as a manual on the theory and from England to account for this. I have not, 1487-8, of which only about five perfect
practice of education for teachers in Sunday however, been out of the country since Mr. examples are recorded by Blades. There
and night schools. All its suggestions are Lynch's work was published but my Nearer '
The
is also a copy of the 1818 edition of
; '
based on the author's personal experience East,' although it did not appear till March,
Knave and Queen of Hearts,' attributed to
1902, was not only written, but printed off
in schools and training colleges. The reli- Charles Lamb but one of the principal
many months earlier some time, in fact, before ;
gious standpoint is unsectarian. attractions in the sale will be a very good copy
Mr. Lynch's book saw the light. I would plead
Mr. Fisher Uxwix has also nearly ready that I reviewed the latter last autumn, did I of the Second Folio Shakspeare, with John
a new volume in his shilling series which think such a statement in the least likely to Smethwick's title-page, of which not more
convince a brother reviewer that I had read it than three or four copies have been dis-
'
Englishwoman's Love Letters.' The title is Mr. C. Doxalu Rohertsox, whose success covered up to the present, the ordinary
* Hookey and the author is Mr. A. Neil
'
at Cambridge we noted last week, should issue having the name of Robert Allot, of
Lyons. The heroine is a London slum-girl, have been styled the grandson, not the son whose edition there is also a copy in this
and the story brings out the darker aspects of Robertson of Brighton. sale.
of the life of the London poor. At the Imperial Coronation Bazaar TiiEheirsof the famous historian Muratori,
which is to be held July 10th, 11th, and the author of the Scriptores Rerum Itali-
'
the present Italian Minister of Education ductions, and the customs of its people. wished to seesmaller subdivisions than
any such catastrophe has been averted. A And certainly its intrinsic importance would degrees in order to bring them more in
grant of 45,000 lire has been made to the not have justified its reproduction by the agreement with the index of geographical
city of Modena for the purchase of the Hakluyt Society had it not been utilized by names, whose position is given in degrees
archives, on condition that they are placed Mr. Ravenstein as an occasion for furnish- and tenths of degrees. We also think that
in the Biblioteca Estense and made acces- ing, in addition to copious notes with the this geographical index might with advan-
sible to scholars. The city is to repay the text, two valuable appendixes, in which he tage have been separated from the general
State in ten yearly instalments. gives the early history of the Empire of index and glossary with which it has been
A corv of the Bill to enable the Trustees Kongo from its foundation in the middle of incorporated.
of the British Museum to remove certain the fifteenth century until the end of the The translations of the six original Spanish
newspapers and other printed matter from seventeenth century, and a similar account manuscripts describing the voyage of Alvaro
the present British Museum buildings is of the territory now known as Angola, de Mendana and the discovery of the Solomork
before us. This is the sequel of the want whose chiefs had owned allegiance to the Islands form by far the most attractive and
of room which we noticed some time ago at kings of Kongo until about the middle of important work which has been published
the British Museum. It provides for a the sixteenth century. by the Hakluyt Society for many years and ;
" Hen don Building" to be erected, for the Mr. Ravenstein illustrates his historical Lord Amherst of Hackney who acquired
purpose of storing " newspapers and other notices of these vast regions in West Africa the most valuable of these MSS. from
printed matter" which appear to be by a map, on a scale of 1 3,000,000, which Quaritch thirty years ago with Mr. Basil
:
" rarely required for public use," but may exhibits the alleged extreme limits of the Thomson and other assistants has spared
be consulted at Bloomsbury " on due notice Empire of Kongo anterior to the arrival of no pains in carrying out the arduous task of
being given." the Portuguese discoverers and conquis- editing them with scholarlike completeness.
The following are among the Parlia-
tadores towards the end of the fifteenth The narrative of the chief pilot, Hernan
century, as well as the approximate extent Gallego, gives such fully detailed nautical
mentary Papers which have been recently
of the Portuguese dominions at the close of observations that Admiral Milne and other
issued Model Schools, Ireland, Return
:
the seventeenth century. The battlefields, experts have been able to work out and lay
showing Numbers of Teachers, &c. (Id.)',
the routes of the Portuguese expeditions, and down a track chart of the voyage, and to
Historical Manuscripts Commission, Report
those of the Jesuit, Franciscan, Capuchin, identify, with tolerable certainty, every har-
on the MSS. of Col. David Milne-Home,
Vol. 1 (l.s. 4(1); Annual Report of the
and Carmelite missionaries are also traced, bour, islet, and creek which the Spaniard8
together with the travels of Andrew Battell. touched or passed in 1568, over three
Deputy- Keeper of the Public Records {Id.);
Curiously enough, although the Jesuits hundred years ago. To the general reader,.
National Portrait Gallery, Annual Report
were the earliest missionaries in Angola, however, the most interesting document is
{2d.) ;Board of Education, Revised Instruc-
they do not seem to have furnished any that of Gomez Qatoira (or Zatoria), the
tions applicable to the Code of 1902 {-id.)
geographical or historical information re- chief purser and ofiicial chronicler of the
Draft Order in Council for further transfer
garding the country and the people, having expedition, which furnishes a romantic story
of powers to Board of Education from the
Charity Commissioners {\d.)
confined their activity to the seat of govern- of adventure, with good descriptions of the
Statistics of;
Elementary Day Schools, &c. {6d.) Educa- ment and its vicinity and it is to the good customs, and habits of the natives, and natu-
;
;
Magdalen College and New College, Oxford, knowledge of these regions. In fact, one being his full general report, unfortu-
and by Christ's College, Cambridge {^d. although there was a board of missions nately somewhat mutilated, and the other a
each).
richly endowed by the Portuguese Govern- shorter but independent account with some
ment, the work of the Christian missions, additions not in the former. The person-
owing to the corruption of the clergy and ality of the author of the fifth MS., Pedro
SCIENCE the evil effects of the slave trade, proved an Sarmiento de Gamboa, one of the most cele-
entire failure. brated navigators of the fifteenth century,
The Strange Adventures of Andreiv Battell of " Father Jose Antonio de Souza, who resided adds greatly to its interest. He it was who
Leigh in Angola and the Adjoining Regions. Peru from this expedition
at S. Salvador from 1881-1887, and was subse- on his return to
Reprinted from Purchas his Pilgrimes.'
'
quently created Bishop of Mozambique, virtu- under Mendana, in 1569, captured the last
Edited, with Notes and a Concise History ally admits this, for he says Christianity did
'
own hand. He was
:
of the Incas with his
of Kongo and Angola, by E. G. Raven- not penetrate deeply it passed over the subsequently captured by one of Sir Richard
;
stein. (Hakluyt Society.) country like a heavy rain, which scarcely wetted
Grenville's ships, in 1586, and presented by
The Discovery of the Solomon Islands hj the surface of the land, and left the subsoil
absolutely dry and sterile.' He adds signi- Sir Walter Raleigh to Queen Elizabeth.
Alvaro de Mendana in 1568. Translated
from the Original Spanish Manuscripts. ficantly : By the side of the missionary stood He may well have been the prototype after
'
Lord Amherst of Hackney and Basil Portuguese, but shared in by Dutch, French Ho.' An account of his voyage to the
Thomson. 2 vols. (Hakluyt Society.) and English, which undermined the prosperity Strait of Magellan to intercept Sir Francis
Andrew Battell was one of several seamen of the country, and decimated its population. Drake in 1579 was published by the Hakluyt
captured by the Portuguese on the island And the missionaries never raised a protest Society some eight years since. The sixth
of St. Sebastian, taken thence to Rio against this traffic, although it was against the
is an anonymous MS. from the Bibliotheque
Janeiro, and sent across the Atlantic to be tenets of their Church, for they profited by it.
which a French version
The only thing which they did for the wretched Nationale in Paris, of
imprisoned in Suo Paulo de Luandu, the has appeared in the well-known Voyageurs '
slaves was to endeavour to secure, as far as
capital of Angola, in .June, 1590. He possible, that they should not fall into the Anciens et Modernes.' It will be remem-
returned to his native village, Leigh, in hands of heretics so that at least their souls bered that extracts from Gallego's narrative
;
Essex, in 1610, and confided his adventures might be saved, whatever became of their were published in Dr. Guppy's book on the
to Samuel Purchas, then vicar of the neigh- bodies." Solomon Islands whilst the MSS. of both
;
bouring parish of Eastwood, who first The identification of the old native names Sarmiento and Mendana have been printed
incorporated his information in Purchas '
of places, mentioned by Duarte Lopez (1591), in the Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos
'
^
his Pilgrimage' (l(il3); whilst Battell's own Pigafetta's 'Report of the Kingdom of (tom. v.), 1862. The difficulty of deciphering
papers after his death were published in Congo,' and others, referred to by Cavazzi some of these manuscripts can be judged
1625 in Hakluytus Posthumus, or Purchas
'
(1687), and found in Paiva Manso's col- from inspection of the photographic fac-
his Pilgrimes.' lection of documents (1492-1722), has been similes.
Although Battell appears to have resided carried out with all the accuracy which we The Solomon group includes the recently
in Angola and Kongo for " near eighteen might expect from such an expert carto- acquired British possession of six important
years," his narrative is comparatively
meagre, not occupying more than seventy
grapher as Mr. Ravenstein. In regard to islands San Christoval, Malayta, Guadal-
both the map above mentioned and the canar, Ysabel, New Georgia, and Choiseul
pages of text, apart from his notes on the separate chart of Ndongo (Angola) on a continued to the north-west by Bougain-
ville and Bouka, belonging to German}', We have only to add that the illustrations MlcitosconcAl,. Juni' IS. Dr. H. Woodward,
with several minor ones, such as Florida, are numerous and effective, whilst the chart Pri'i^idenf, in the chair. Thi- Secretary read a note
from Mr. Ntdsoii on some high-i)ower photomicro-
and numerous small islets, the whole of the outward and return voyages of Men- graphs of I'lciiniaigma aiiffuldtiD/i, Siirin-l/ii yt rn'na,
series extending over a length of some daua's squadron, and a more detailed chart and Concinodiscits ash rumjilialiix, taken by Mr. r*". K.
Ive*i, and thongii tlie ilhmiir)ating cone v.'as only
six hundred miles. Of these Mendana's of the islands, showing how well the locali-
Mil.") of theaperturi' of the objective used, the plmto-
ships explored the coast line and circum- ties visited by the Spaniards have been graphs were exceedingly good. Mr. A. llilger
navigated Ysabel, over one hundred miles identified, are everything that could be exhibited a new photo-measuring micrometer
in length, touched at some of the Florida attached to a microscope designed speeiiilly for
wished. As in all the Hakluyt volumes, the
accurately measuring the distances between the
islets, surveyed most of the north side of index is irreproachable. lines of the spectrum, but it could also be used for
Guadalcanar for about seventy miles, and various laboratory juirposes. The microscope was
reconnoitred a small south-west portion of made to travel along the spectrum by means of a
screw, aud the readings were taken from tlie gradu-
Malayta, with the whole of the southern SOCIKTIBS. ations on the j>eriphery of the large bead by which
shores of San Christoval for about eighty Astronomical. J(/<' Kl Dr. J. W. L. Glaisher, the screw was rotated. Messrs. Watson ^v Sons
President, in the chair. M. BiKourdan eave an exhibited and described a new two-speed tine-adjust-
miles, in addition to visiting San Juan, Las
Tres Marias, and Ulawa :
account of his observations of nebula' at the Paris
Observatorj', liis aim being to obtain accurate
ment for microscopes. They also exhibited a micro-
scope fitted with a new holder by which metallur-
niicrometric measures of a large number of uebulju. gical specimens could be held in any position while
"It is difficult for any one unacquainted with
the ocean miscalled the Pacific to realize the He presented to the Society two volumes of bis under examination Messrs. Carl Zeiss exhibited
observations, and also a volume containing I'ingru's their Epidiascoiie, a projection a|)paratus liy means
reckless daring of the enterprise. Leaving in the of which large brilliantly illuminated pictures of
'Aunales Celestes,' which had been left in MS. by
month of November with the hurricane season the author, and which Rl. Bigourdan had edited and objects cm be shown on the screen. Objects such as
just approaching crossing an ocean more than
; published.
Dr. Downing read a paper on the ordinary lantern-slides and transparencies up to nine
inches stjuare, opaciue objects, such as photographs,
7,000 miles in width, beset with unknown coral distribution of the stars contained in the Cape
Photographic Durchmusterung. The author had drawings, prints, bones, medals, butterflies in their
reefs, in crazy vessels unprotected from the natural colours. ^:c.. were shown in illustration of its
investigated the relation between stellar distri-
teredo, and almost incapable of beating to wind- ca()abilities. The Epidiascope was utilized to show
bution in the southern hemisphere aud the Milky
ward with the prevailing wind behind them
; Way lie concluded that the visible universe is
;
upon the screen the photo-micrographs by Mr. Ives
and a ' dead beat all the way homeward
' ellipsoidal in form. Mr. Thackeray read a paper on previously referred to, and also the drawings illus-
;
a comparison of Groombridge's and Struve's riglit trating the papers read by Mr. Rousselet and Mr.
depending on provisions that no master, in the
ascensions of close circumpolar stars. The paper Weschc. A simi)lilied form of microscope was
worst days of our merchant marine, would have afterwards attached to the instrument and micro-
was preceded by an account of the life of Stephen
dared to put to sea with, the adventurers had Groombridge and a description of his modes of slides were projected on the screen, giving pictures
a thousand chances to one against ever observation. Mr. Filon read a paper on the re- about six feet diameter with great brilliancy and
finding their way home again. And yet, duction of measures of positions of Swift's comet sharpness of definition. Prof. Marcus Ha'tog gave
though they parted company for a time, (a, 1899) from photographs taken with a portrait a short account of the structure ofacinetines from
lens. He concluded that such photographs can give observations on a species (Choanoplinja infiindi'
in nineteen months both vessels were safe buliftra) epizoic on Cyclops. He demonstrated that
star-places accurate to about ()'83 second of arc.
at anchor again in Callao, with the loss of the spiral marking of the tentacles was due to a
Mr. Hinks read a paper on the determination of the
less than one-third of their ships' companies." solar parallax from photographs of the minor planet double-threa'led constriction that in protrusion
;
" It says much for the courage of the Spaniards Eros, with a comparison of the results obtained at and retraction there was no torsion, l)ut only au
that no man has climbed the dividing range of Mount Hamilton, Minneapolis, and Cambridge. opening and closing of the spiral and that the ten-
;
Other papers were taken as read. tacles were continued deep into the endosarc of the
Tsabel Island since their day indeed, in the
;
creature. Ml-. C. F. Rousselet read his paper on
various punitive expeditions that have been 'Tin Genus Synchajfa,' with a description of five
undertaken by English ships of war, marines GKOLOGICA-L.Jiinp 18. Prof. C. Lapworth, Pre- new species. The subject was illustrated by a series
and blue-jackets, armed with modern rifles, have sident, and afterwards Mr. E. T. Newton, in the of drawings pi'ojected on the screen and by numer-
seldom been permitted to advance a furlong chair. Mr. G. M. Edwards was elected a Fellow. ous living and preserved specimens under about
from the coast, where they are covered by the
The following communications were read :
'
The
twenty microscopes. Mr. Walter Wesclie gave a
Great Saint-Lawrence-Champlain-Appalachian Fault brief regime oi his paper on Undescribed Palpi on
'
ship's guns. That thirty men, ignorant of the of America, and some of the Geological Problems the Proboscis of some Dipterous Flies, with Remarks
country, subjected to incessant attacks from a connected with It,' by Dr. H. M. Ami, 'The Point- on the Mouth-parts in Several Families.' Drawings
native population four times more numerous de-Galle Group, Ceylon Wollastonite-Scapolite-
: in illustration were shown upon the screen. Speci-
than it is at present, should have pushed a four Gneisses,' by Mr. Ananda K. Coomiiraswfimy, aud mens of the palpi in several species, and in a more
'On the .Jurassic Strata cut through by the South rudimentary stage in other species, were exhibited
days' journey into the interior, armed with no
under microscopes. It was announced that the
Wales Direct Line between Filton and Woottoti
more deadly weapon than the arquebus, goes Bassett,' by Prof. S. H. Reynolds and Mr. A. next meeting would take place on October l.")th.
far towards explaining the extraordinary success Vaughau.
of the handful of adventurers who conquered HiSTOUlCAL. June 19.
Dr. G. W. Prothero.
the New World under Cortes and Pizarro." LiNNEAK. J^//;(c 1!).- Mr. W.
Carruthers. V.P., President, in the chair.
Messrs. J. A. Doyle ar,(I
in the chair. The following gentlemen were elected G. M. Trevelyan were elected Fellows. A jiaper
Mendana's hopes of planting a colony in Fellows Mr. P. W. Mackinnon, Mr. T. G. Hill, and
:
was read b}' Jlrs. S. C. Lomas on 'The Slate Papers
his new discoveries were destined never to Mr. Eric Drabble. Dr. W. G. Ridewood described of the Early Stuart Period,' and a discussion fol-
a new genus of Copepoda occurring parasiticaliy in lowed, in which the President, the Director, aud
be fulfilled and, in fact, the Solomon
;
the suprabranchial cavity of the lamellibranch Mr. R. G. Marsden took part.
Islands, which had been delineated in their Lyonsiella, for which, on account of the great infla-
approximate position in 1587, were not again tion of the thorax, he {)roposed the name Obesiella.
He showed that the systematic position of Obesiella Hellenic- ./(/iy 1. Annual Mrcting.'A'w R.
sighted by European navigators until seen, was next to Ascomyzon, in the family Ascomv- Jebb, President, in the chair. In moving the adoj)-
but not recognized, by Carteret in 1766, by zoutidffi. A conversational (iiscussion ensued, in tion of the Council's Report the President referred
Bougainville two years later, and in 1769 which the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, Prof. Hartog.and to the satisfactory increase in the number of
ested by the information afforded in these culty of culture in the matter of parasitic bi)ecie8, a regret was expressed tliat such a lamentably inade-
difiiculty which might in the future be overcome, quate response had been made to the appeal for
Spanish manuscripts of the habits, customs, subscriptions to the Cretan Exploration Fund,
cultures hitherto having necessarily been confined
and language of the population of these to saprophytic species capable of growth in nutrient wliich might render the completion of the work
islands, which seems to have changed but
media. Dr. D. H. Scott and Prof. Hsirtog offered impossible. The newly founded P.ritisli School at
Rome, to which the Society has jiromised a
little since their discovery three centuries some remarks, wliich were replied to by the autlior.
Mr. W. P. Pycraft read the second i)art of jiis grant of '2'>I. for three years, was also com-
ago. In consequence principally of head- 'Contribution towards our Knowledge of tlie mended to the attention of members. It was
hunting, many districts which were found Morphology of the Owls.' This dealt with the announce(l that satisfactory progress had been
osteology. After drawing attention to the close made with the facsimile of the Codfx N'eii'tus of
teeming with inhabitants by Mendai'a are Arist<iphanes and with the piiblienlion of the
resemblances between the skeleton of the Striges
now desolate, but the people themselves and that of the .Aeeipitres among the Falconiformes, Briti>li School excavations at l'li> iiiKo.'i. It wa<aleo
and their habits are extraordinarily un- and pointing out the homoplastic character of these announci'd that the Hon. Scerclar^' (.Mr. (ieorge
resemblances, he proceeded to discuss briefly the .Maciiiillan) would represent In' Society at the ter-
I
changed, whilst even their language seems centenary of the Bodleian Library in October next.
more imp(trrant eliiiracters of the sevend genera and
to have remained unaltered. of the nestling tkull. The reports on the library and photographic collec-
and thirty-seven lost by death or resignation, giving palace itself a series of finds illustrated the "I confess myself to have been gratified by this-
a net gain of twelve on the total, which now amounts cult of the Double Axe and its associated distinction, that is, from the manner and time in
to with 2") honorary members.
7.">'.t, Profs. F. divinities. A gem showed a female ligure which it has been conferred. The intended batch
Halbherr and A. Wilhelm liad been added to the ai)parently a goddess
bearing this sacred
consisted of Herschel, Babbage, Leslie, Ivory, and
latter list. The total of subscribing libraries is now emblem. But more important still was the dis- Brewster, the object being to show respect from
143. The adoption of the Report was seconded by covery of an actual shrine belonging to the latest (lovernment for men of science, and it was deter-
M. Bikelas, and the motion was unanimously car- JMycenrean period of the palace, with the tripod and
mined that the Guelphic Order should become
ried. Jlr. Arthur Evans then made a statement on other vessels of offering still in position before a
the mark of distinction for scientific men. We shall
the results of his work at Cnossus during the i>ast base, upon which rested the actual cult objects, in-
soon see what comes of this " !
season, illustrated by diagrams and lantern-slides. cluding a small double axe of steatite, sacred horns
The season's work in the Palace of Cnossus, which of stucco with sockets between them for the wooden The last sentence is still of significance.
began on February 12th and was continued to June, shafts of other axes, terra-cotta figures of a goddess, Mr. Stanley William.s, of Hove, Brighton,
was fertile beyond all anticipation. Besides the cylindrical below, and in one case with a dove announces {Ast. Nach., No. 3796) a new variable
chambers that remained to be explored immedi- perched on her head, and of a male votary offering a
star in the constellation Lyra, to be designated
ately contiguous to the Hall of the Double Axes and dove. Of great interest also was the discovery in
that of the Colonnades, excavated last year, the an eastern corridor of the palace of a decorative Var. 11, 1902, Lyrre. The range of photographic
whole building was found to have a considerably wall-painting, consisting of a series of labyrinths, magnitude is from a little below the eleventh to
larger extension on the eastern side than had been more elaborate than those of the later coins of below the twelfth, and the period is probably
expected. The building was thus seen to have Cnossus. Owing to the constant need of supporting almost exactly a year, though one of half that
climbed down the slope in descending terraces to the upper story, much of the work has been of a
a point some 'JO metres east of the northern en-
duration is not precluded a maximum of
difficult and at times dangerous nature, entailing ;
trance. Considerable remains were uncovered of much work from carpenters and masons. Vast brightness will be due some time next month.
the eastern boundary wall, or rather of four separate masses of earth had also to be removed from parts Dr. K. Graff, of the Urania Observatory, Berlin,
walls in immediate contiguity to each other. The of the site, and nearly 250 workmen were constantly has detected variability in a star in Pegasus, to
new rooms adjoining the principal halls of the employed. Throughout the whole Mr. Evans had be called Var. 12, 1902, Pegasi. Its magnitude
central part of the eastern quarter i)roved of great the devoted assistance of Dr. Mackenzie in super-
interest. South of the Hall of the Double Axes was intending the excavation, and of Mr. Fyfe on the
on April 24th, was estimated to be 8 7, which
a chamber flanked on two sides by colonnades and architectural side. There still remained a certain gradually diminished until on May 28th it had
light areas, and provided with a small bathroom and amount of delimitation and further exploration of the become 9 4 the period cannot yet be assigned.
;
a private staircase leading to the upper rooms. strata below the later palace to be carried out next The announcement of a new small planet having
Throughout all this region it has been possible
season. Mr.R.Carr-Bosanquet,Director of the British been discovered by Dr. Camera at Heidelberg
to support a large part of the upper story, and a School, also gave an account of his excavations at
most elaborate system of drainage has been Paljeo-Kastro, in Crete, illustrated by diagrams.
on the 3rd ult. must be cancelled.
found, including latrines and drain pipes of Interesting remains of Mycenrean houses had been The Report of Proceedings under the Dis-
advanced construction. Further fine remains of discovered, and numerous tombs investigated, with eases of Animals Acts for the Year 1901 (4i(?.),
fresco had come to light
naturalistic foliage
some very interesting results in painted vases. The and Report on the Sight Tests used in the
and lilies, an aquarium of fish, and a lady in a former President and Vice - Presidents were re-
jacket and diaphanous chemise. It has also been elected, and Messrs. George Macdonald and E. E.
Mercantile Marine (3c?.), may interest our
possible to reconstitute an important panel of Sikes were elected to vacancies on the Council. readers.
wall painting from a room excavated last year, giving
a complete and highly sensational scene from the
bull ring, in which girl toreadors took part. Large FINE ARTS
fresh deposits of inscribed tablets had come to light
with ideographic signs, such as swords and granaries archeology.
and those indicating persons of both sexes. The Prof. Camillk Jullian, of the University of
largest deposit referred to percentages some with Outlines of ihe History of Design in Mural
the throne and sceptre sign before the amount, Bordeaux, has communicated to the last number Painting. By N. H. S. Westlake. Vol. I.
apparently recording the king's portion. A piece of Lehmann's Beitriige zur alien Geschichte a From Egyptian Period {Seti I.) until the
the
of a Mycenreau painted vase with linear characters proposal for the publication of a Corpus Topo- '
Time of Constantine. (Parker & Co.) This,
and two cups with inscriptions written within them graphicum Orbis Antiqui.' He proposes that
in a kind of ink supplied wholly new classes of
volume seems to be a reimpression of the instal-
it shall follow alphabetical order, and contain ment, under a slightly different title, that we
written documents. Great numbers of clay seal im-
pressions were brought out, including a fragment of every geographical name which is found in reviewed in the Athenaum of January 18th
one stamped by a late Babylonian cylinder. In
ancient literature. He suggests that theexecution last, with chapters added on art in the Cam-
magazines below the later palace level, and belong- of the work should be international, and that it pagna and Southern Italy, the Republic and
ing therefore to an earlier building, occurred seal could scarcely be confided to better hands than
impressions with pictographic signs, together with
Roman Empire, and among the early Chris-
those of the International Association of Aca- tians. The first of these is extremely interest-
an abundance of painted pottery of the "Kamaros "
or "Early Minoan' class, including specimens demies. His idea is that each nation should ing, and gives us
it is said, for the first time in
which for egg shell-like fineness of fabric and beauty employ its own scholars upon the topographical English many examples of " Samnite " or
of form and hue have never certainly been sur- description of the remains of antiquity in its Lucanian tomb-paintings containing scenes from
passed. Among the finds of smaller objects two own lands, and that these should then be con- the life of the dead. We should ourselves say
stood out respectively as of first-rate importance in
fided to the oversight of a general editorial body. that these were more indebted to the influence
the history of architecture and sculpture. One of
these was the discovery of parts of a large mosaic The plan of the French scholar looks excellent, of Greek models than Mr. Westlake seems
consistmg of porcelain plaques, a series of which though there is little expectation of its being inclined to admit but as he founds his view
;
represent the fronts of houses of two or three .stories. undertaken for a long while to come, for all the upon the accounts of archreologists like Miner-
Fragmentary as most of these were, it was possible academies seem to be overburdened at present
vini and Helbig, he may be perfectly right.
to reconstitute a fair number with absolute certainty
with their tasks. The sivastika or fylfot which he depicts as
and thus to recover an almost perfect picture of a
street of Minoan Cnossus in the middle of the second About ten years ago Dr. Zambaco, a Breton figuring on the breast of a supposed " Oscan
millennium before our era. The different parts of physician and archjeologist, asserted his belief priest " in one of these paintings has mightily
the construction masonry, woodwork, and plaster that "le malde Saint-Lazare," a leprous ailment the air of having been added by a later hand,
were clearly reproduced, and the houses, some of of frequent occurrence in
them semi-detached, with windows of four and Brittany, was of and it is evident that all the paintings are
six panes oiled parchment being possibly used for Phfenician origin. A
lively controversy was not of the same age, and may even belong to
glass were astonishingly modern in theirappearance. waged at the time over the theory, and it different stages of civilization. They deserve,
Other plaques found with them show warriors, and seemed to have fallen into oblivion. At the last however, to be carefully studied, and the same
various animals, a tree, a vine, and flowing water, so session of the Paris Academy of Medicine, how- may be said of the monuments of later Roman
that the whole seems to have been i)art of a large
design analogous to that of Achilles's shield. The
ever, the assertions made by Dr. Zambaco were art here reproduced, including the Aldobrandini
other find made towards the close of the excava- revived by Dr. Rogals (of Folkestone), with the '
Marriage and the Tusculan head which Mr.
'
tionwhich threw a new light on the art of addition of a mass of carefully ordered proofs. Westlake, we think rightly, considers the most
Da?dalus, is the discovery of remains of ivory The Phoenician navigators who visited the coasts beautiful example of ancient painting to be seen
figurines. These are carved in the round, the limbs of Gaul and Britain during a great part of the first in the Louvre. He is abundantly justified, too,
being jointed together, and. to judge by the most
perfectly preserved, they seem to have represented
thousand years before Christ (Dr. Rogals says in pointing out the apparent influence of what
youths in the act of springing, like the cowboys of from about the seventh to the fourth century he calls " Egypto- Hellenic " or Alexandrian art
tlie frescoes. Ihe life and balance of the whole, B.C.), to settle trading relations with the in- in much Roman architectural work, of which
the modelling of the limbs, and the exquisite ren- habitants, brought the disease into the land. he f^ives a curious example in the treatment
dering of details, such as the muscles and even the Many local names in Brittany, even at the of certain columns in the house in the Farnesina
veins, rai.'e these ivory statuettes beyond the level
of any known sculpture of the kind of the period
present day, show traces of a Phcenician settle- gardens discovered in 1879. The influence of
to which they belong. The hair was curiously indi-
ment. Dr. Rogals not only drew his " proofs " Egypt upon Mediterranean countries in general
cated by means of spiral bronze wires, and the from archiX'ology, but also from numismatics, has hitherto been underrated, and Mr. West-
amount of gold foil found with them suggests that and from not a few of the still extant legends lake does good service in drawing attention to
they had been originally, in part at least, coated and superstitions of the inhabitants. The sub- it. In his treatment of early Christian art
with gold, in which case they would have been ject aroused so much interest at the recent he is, perhaps, less satisfying. He does not
N3897, July 5, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 37
approach the subject with the same absence spacious effect, and the details are ren- endeavour and the severest te.sl of his powers,
of prejudice, for it is evident that he is despe- dered with great skill and care. The figure both of thoughtful invention and strenuous
rately anxious to prove that the catacomb paintings also are above the average, though by execution. It has, accordingly, been left to a
painters had an art of their own, and he relies no means free from the defects commonly found private patron to conmiission one of the few
uuch upon the Roma Sotterranea of Dr. North-
'
' in Pompeian art the author lets his enthu-
; series of such monumental paintings that have
cote and Bishop Brownlow. Yet the examples siasm carry him too far when he says that one been executed of late years, and these, with all
that he brings forward are unconvincing, and of the figures might have suggested to Michael their faults, are surely a sutlicient refutation of
it is difficult to imagine that the early tomb- Angelo the motive of his 'Giuliano de' Medici,' those who excuse our national distaste for
paintings which can be definitely assigned and compares her arm to the arm of the same monumental painting on the ground that
to Christian authors are anything but poor master's David.' The plan of the villa offers a
'
we have no artists who are capable
and mean copies of the pa<]^an art current at good illustration of Vitruvius's statement that of undertaking it. It is quite true
the time. Throughout, moreover, he shows too in pseudo-urban houses the peristyle often that such an art requires unusual gifts.
great a straining after symbolical interpretations, opened directly on the vestibule. This fact First and foremost of these is the capacity
as when he tells us that " the Deer is used as an makes some of Signor Barnabei's nomenclature for substantial architectural disposition of the
emblem of innocence and gentleness," and that doubtful for example, it would seem more
; main lines and masses of the composition,
he is " under the impression " that the peacock probable that we ought to give the name for it is by this general dis{)osition that the
"indicates worldly dignity." This may be, but tahli)i}tm to the large chamber beside the artist makes his chief attack. In a small oil
there is certainly no proof of it, and the trouble fduces, opening both on the outer portico and on painting we may be so far gratified by extjuisite
into which this mysticism gets him may be seen the peristyle, than to the chamber at the back qualities of colour or luminosity as to accept
from the instance of the " palmette " ornament of the peristyle. But there can be no doubt without question a design which lacks these
which in his former part he derived from the that he is right in his estimate of the extreme architectural (jualities of balance and proportion,
Assyrian sun-disc. He now has to tell us that importance and interest of this villa and its a design which on the scale of monumental art
in Roman times this is " in nearly every case decoration, and of the desirability of its being would instantly betray its weakness.
drawn without the segment of the disc of the preserved as carefully as possible by the Italian Now Mr. Strang has always been remarkable,
sun, the origin of its existence and symbolism, and Government. even in his etched work, for the solid simplicity
which [!] I have taken to mean the immortality of his composition he has always relied chiefly
;
of the soul." Of this kind of interpretation THE WOLVERHAMl'TON EXHIBITION. on this not only for his decorative unity, but also
there can be no end, and we much prefer his II. for the expression of his poetical ideas. He has
contention in the last pages of the present Nowthat the London picture season has always excelled in this quality, often to the ex-
volume that the art of imperial Rome really begun to relax we may turn once more to the clusion of any interest in refinement, exquisite
had an individual character of its own, and that Exhibition at Wolverhampton, where, as we elaboration of surface, or the delicate render-
"
the stiflfand hard style that we call " Byzantine previously remarked, there is offered an unusual ing of particulars. It is, therefore, not to
did not affect it until after the shiftins; of the opportunity of estimating what English art of be wondered at that when he attempts a
seat of empire to the East. On this subject we the last century has accomplished and of re- large decorative scheme the design has, as a
are promised more in the next volume, and vising one's opinion of modern artists. What rule, that imposing simplicity and that obvious
confess that we look forward to it with much particularly conduces to this end is the method co-ordination of parts which are the first
interest. Mr. Westlake has taken the oppor- of grouping the pictures of each artist. This essentials of success. But it is necessary, if
tunity to correct some of the verbal faults of has long been the practice of the Socie'te such painting as this is to arouse more than a
which we complained in our former notice, but Nationale in Paris, both at the Champ de Mars sense of agreeable pattern, that the masses
he has not yet succeeded in making his proof- and in their new quarters, and we cannot help should be significant as well as harmonious.
sheets perfectly "clean." In the new matter hoping that the Wolverhampton venture will To design successfully it is necessary that the
supplied we notice Signor Lanciano as the set the fashion in some London galleries. It is, artist should think at once in terms of geome-
author of an article in these columns, and such indeed, the only way by which an artist, par- trical form and of the human figure. For this a
spellings as " Preneste," while he talks more ticularly if he isof secondary power, gets the fertile invention is necessary, and a great fami-
than once about the " Isidian " worship and chance of a fair appeal the spectator has time liarity with the possible gestures of the human
;
"the Htemorrhoid." By the last named he and space in which become accustomed to
to body a power of selecting in the figure those
seems to refer to the woman with the issue of the artist's vision, to adjust his own to that, lines which are amenable to such a geometrical
blood mentioned in the Gospels, who is some- and to enter into his mood without being in- scheme.
times described in French ecclesiastical writings stantly distracted by another
perhaps and And here again Mr. Strang is fortunately
as the " Hemorroisse." It is a word better contrary assertion. When they are arranged placed his immense productivity as an etcher
;
left alone in English. thus the works of artists of very diverse has given him an assurance in his treatment of
La Villa Pompeiana di P. Fannio Sinistore, methods do not conflict or mutually detract the figure which no other of our younger artists
scoperta presso Boscoreale. Relazione a S.E. il from each other. We pass, for instance, possesses. He can therefore express the com-
Miniatro dell' Istruzione Pubblica, con una Me- from Mr, C. Shannon's enclave to the wall plexity of the figure, its undulations and
moria di Felice Barnabei. (Rome, Accademia devoted to Mr. Steer without being conscious infinitely varied planes, in lines which diverge
dei Lincei).
The villa described in this report of any incongruity. We can recognize that both almost imperceptibly from the simplest, most
Take, for instance,
is in many ways the most perfect and most are aiming by very different means at a pictorial easily apprehended curves.
interesting that has yet been excavated. It unity which is based on the same fundamental the admirably drawn figure of Eve in the pic-
was far more sumptuous in its arrangement principles, and both show to more advantage ture oi Adam Delving (^o.2Si). Here the whole
and richer in its decoration than the other villa than when their works are dispersed. But of figure is kept within the limits of a triangle ;
found at Bosco Re^le, famous for the beautiful both these artists we have had occasion to speak even the strongly foreshorter.ed arm is
silver table-service found in its cellar it is,; lately ; we will turn, therefore, to the work of adequately realized in lines which nowhere
indeed, more in keeping with the richness another artist who is unusually well represented break the continuity of the geometrical mould.
of that find, which was in all probability at Wolverhampton. Or take, again, the JJeath of A bd (235). >iie has
(
stolen from some house like this by a band If it were for nothing else this Exhibition to think, to consider how fertilean invention and
of robbers, who took refuge in the comparatively would be noteworthy for the disjilay of how well stored a memory were needed toconccive
unpretentious farm where they were over- Mr. Strang's decorative designs representing the two figures of Adam and Eve in sucli expres-
whelmed by the shower of ashes with their the life of Adam. Few things are to be more sive poses and jet contained within a single
deadly fumes. The new villa has indeed a farm lamented in the condition of modern art line, which embraces the forms in such an easy
attached to it, but the rooms of the house are than the absence of any demand for monu- sweep and with such gentle, unaccented modu-
separate. Its pUn has been completely re- mental painting. In England especially we lations. Mr. Strang, indeed, distinguishes
covered, and the paintings of its walls, which have consistently checked the endeavours of himself among our younger artists most de-
attain a very high degree of excellence, are for our artists in this direction. What might cisively in thin, that he can draw ai.d model
the most part exceptionally well preserved. not Mr. Watts have accomplished if wo continuously. For the most part, even the more
They belong to the second or architectural had handed over to him the wall spaces tasteful of modern draughtsmen have accepted
style of I'ompeian wall decoration, and show, of London as freely as the Venetians yielded only too readily the WhistliTian concejjtion of
as Signor Barnabei points out, a good deal of theirs to Tintoretto or as the French provincial drawing by accents, of realizing form only at
resemVjlance to the paintings in the "House t'lwna threw their municipal buildings open to certain points and lea\ ing the n st indefinite.
of Livia " on the Palatine. The lower limit of Pavis de Chavanne.s For some reason the
!
They seem incapable of the effort of a continuous
English, whose proverbial sericjusness of cha- steady grasp of the form throughout. Mr.
date is fixed by a graffito on a column, recording
Strang has derived, through M. Legros, some-
a sale by auction probably of the house itself racter might, one would think, have fitted them
in 12 A.iJ. Signor Barnabei describes the singularly to appreciate such an aspect of the thing of Ingres's feeling for the continuously
expressive and unaccented line. Such a method
decoration with an enthusiasm that is fully war- art, have persisted that painting should confine
ranted by the photographs and drawings that itself to mf)re trivial ends that it should, like of drawing demands, we believe, n liiglier effort
accompany his report. The vistas opening a certain class of lawsuits, be kept strictly in of visual imagination, and is certainly a fint
out on every side, with colonnades and courts cnm< III. And thus tlie English artist has necessity of the monnmontal painting wo are
and other buildings, give a wonderfully mis.sed at once the keencat atimulus to high discussing.
;; ;
rounded forms, the suavity and idyllic charm In the Italian room there are one or two ten by Alfred Stevens, including Le Bain,
of the landscape. In his imaginative attitude to objects of extreme rarity. We noticed a painted 4,200 fr., and Dans I'Atelier, 4,000 fr.; Van
the story of Adam and Eve Mr. Strang is, as a terra-cotta by Antonio Rosellino, which has Marcke, Rentre'e a la Ferme, 36,500 fr. The
rule, singularly happy. He seems strangely at had the unusual good fortune to retain its pastels and water-colour drawings included :
home in this primeval world, and he is able to original carved frame, of a free and almost J. C. Cazin, Les Chaumieres, pastel, ll,600fr.
realize clearly types which fit their environment. florid Gothic design, ornamented with Jules Dupre, Le Pecheur, pastel, 17,000 fr. ;
we praise the Eve of the 'Paradise,' where the Spanish chest; of thirteenth-century design are Cooper, Five Cows in a Pasture, o7l. A Group ;
type belongs to a sophisticated and distracted among the more remarkable objects. of Seven Sheep in the Snow, 521. H. Gastineau,
civilization she certainly becomes' ennobled
; A View on Lago Maggiore, oil. A Collection
and simplified by having tasted of the fruit of Drawings of Costumes, Manners, and
of the forbidden tree. The Temptation is '
'
SALES. Customs, by Rowlandson and others, 8 vols.,
admirable alike in design and in its psychology. The Humbert "affaire" has recently been 2901. J. Ruskin, Head of a Lady, in blue dress,
Perhaps the finest of the series is the ' Expul- passing through its artistic phase. The first 131L Sir T. Lawrence's picture of Mrs. Hig-
sion,' the two figures filling and dominating the sale in Paris of the pictures on Friday and ginson, in white dress with yellow robe, fetched
wide, barren landscape by the heavy solemnity Saturday, June 20th and 21st, produced a total 131L
of their reluctant gestures. The colour of the of 1,187,000 francs, which will go a little way
whole series can scarcely be said to reach the towards making up the huge deficit which these
same level as the design, but it must be clever swindlers have left as a legacy to their
remembered that it is here exhibited in creditors. Their taste in the way of fine art was At the Fine-Art Society's rooms there is an
a stronger light than that which falls at least irreproachable, and it is not surprising exhibition of drawings by Sir Noel Paton.
on the high frieze of a library, for which it that the Galerie Georges Petit was crowded Mr. George R. Halkett has opened for the
was designed. It is possible that in the duller, both at the private view and on the days of the month of July a show of his political cartoons and
warmer light of their proper setting the cold sale. Many of the pictures realized, as is caricatures which have been published in the Pall
and somewhat sharp colouring may have its always the case at a " sensational " sale, far Mall Gazette, Pall Mall Maga:ine, and Punch.
proper effect. more than they are worth, more especially those At the Woodbury Gallery during July Miss-
A few other works in the black-and-white of second or third rate importance. The fol- Maud Beddington is exhibiting pictures.
room must be mentioned. William Morris's lowing list includes the principal lots Paul :
Last Tuesday was the private view at Messrs.
designs for tapestry, lent by the Corporation of Baudry, L'Amour et Psychi^, 25,000 fr., and New Bond Street of a col-
Obach's Galleries in
Birmingham, show how his feeling for pure La Fortune et I'Amour, 26,000 fr. Rosa ; lection of portraits by Prince Pierre and
decoration availed to give purpose and character Bonheur, Les Bceufs au Labour, 7,600 fr. ; bronzes by Prince Paul Troubetzkoy, which will
even to a figure subject. Boudin, L'Avant-port, 16,200 Jules
fr. ; be open for a month.
Among the works of the Pre-Raphaelite fol- Breton, Le Retour desMoissonneuses, 25,200 fr.
lowing are two fine cartoons of a hare and a fox, To-day Mr. Montague Fordham,at9, Maddox
Cazin, Maisons au Bord d'un Canal,
lent by Mr. William Hodson. Street, has a private view of paintings by Mr.
They are by 15,100 fr. four by Corot, Le Pecheur, 49,000 fr.,
Mr. Philip Webb, whose work as a draughts-
;
W. Dawes Adama, and jewellery, silver-workj,
LaFert^-sousJouarre, 26,100 fr., LePont Neuf,
man has never been either seen or appreciated and enamels by various artists.
12,600 fr., and Les Chenes, 2,350 fr.; two by
as it deserves. The forms both of animals and Daubigny, Les Laveuses, 50,500 fr., and Lea Mr. Augustus Hare's Italian drawings, ta
plants are rendered here with that frank and Barques h, Mare'e Basse, 10,600 fr. Descamps which we hare already referred, will be open to-
;
naive curiosity that we find occasionally in the et Meissonier, Le Temple de I'Amour, 5,000 fr. private view on Monday next at the Leicester
drawings for early herbals, a curiosity which is five by Diaz, including La Clairiere, 17,300fr., Gallery, Leicester Square.
devoid of any imrti pris. He seems to have taken Femme Turque et son Enfant, 13,100fr., and The press were invited to view last Wednes-
an equal pleasure in every detail of the natural Les Dernieres Larmes, 4,600 fr. seven by Jules ; day portraits of the Rossetti family by D. G.
form, and yet in some way this careful and Dupre, including La Rue du Village, 12,300 fr., Rossetti and others at Leighton House.
minute fidelity results in a surprising beauty of Foreten Automne, 5,000 fr., Le Chene, 4.700 fr., At Mr. McLean's Galleries a picture of the
design. La Riviere, 7,000 fr., and Coucher de Soleil, First Court of the King and Queen is on view.
We have been obliged to omit the greater 5,500 fr. four by Eugene Fromentin, Le Pas-
number of exhibits in this remarkably well-
;
Mr. Gutekunst has on view at 16, King
sage du Gu(i, 30,000 fr., Caravane, 12,300 fr.,
selected gallery such, for instance, as the Street, July 31st, a series of etchings by A.
till
;
and Cavalier Arabe, 9,800 fr. four by Isabey,
original drawings by Hokusai, the specimens of
;
Ostade and Claude Gellee.
including La Benediction, 47,000 f r. , Le Marchand
Egyptian art, the Diirer woodcuts and Rem- d'i&toff'es, 23,000 fr., and Le Cabestan, 12,500 fr. At the Continental Gallery Mr. Tatton Winter
brandt etchings but in the choice of examples is showing pictures entitled Twilight and Dawn
'
;
five by Ch. Jacque, including L'Abreuvoir,
of the most diverse styles and periods there is 34,000 fr., Moutons, 20,200 fr., and La Pavane, and a Few Streets.' The private view took place
evident the directing influence and the dis- 16,600 fr. eight by Meissonier, including Son yesterday.
;
criminating intelligence of a genuine lover of art. Portrait, 10,100 fr., Interieur de I'Egliso Saint- Three important examples ofthe work of the
Marc, 7,500 fr., L'Attente, 11,100 fr., and Rem- late Benjamin- Constant become public
have
brandt, 10,300 fr. two by Gustave Moreau,
; property. The State has purchased, for the
MR. LOWENGARD's GALLERY. Le Roi David, 51,000 fr., and Saint Sebastien, Luxembourg Museum, La Justice du Cherif,'
'
We have rarely seen a more interesting 39,500 fr. two by J. F. Millet, La Porte
; which was exhibited at the Salon some yeara
collection of objets d'art than that at Mr. de Barbizon, 26,500 fr., and Les Falaises, ago, and which the artist always refused to sell.
Lowengard's gallery. It is rich in French 12,200 fr. Ribot, ;Petite Fille et Chien, Madame Benjamin-Constant has given to the
tapestries, some of them dating back to the 6,800 fr. Th. Rousseau, Le Soir, 15,100 fr.
;
;
Louvre the * Portrait de Tintana 'an aunt of
; '
;;
and the Prix Desprez goes to M. Sudre for his encore which he accepted. And in calling presided at the organ.
group in sculpture of Helena, also in this year's attention to this undramatic proceeding we Of recent vocal recitals we would mention
Salon. ought also to say that M. Salignac, at the the one given at St. James's Hall on June 19th
The city of Venice is organizing a fifth inter- end of the first act of Pagliacci,' fell into
' by Signorina Giulia Ravogli, whose artistic sing-
national exhibition of the tine arts, to be open the same artistic sin. Encores, and even ing met with due recognition. Her programme
from October 22nd to October 31st, 1903. A included Che faro,' which served as a
'
purchase of pictures by modern artists, and Signor Mancinelli were the respective con-
probably a similar amount will be spent in other Mr. Santley also sang, and joined Signorina
ductors. Ravogli in a lively duet from 11 Borgomastro '
to take his children, when they were nauc^hty, and veracious type of the seventeenth-century
to hear 'Faust.' Thomas Chappell will be Gascon, the Capitan Matamoros, drawn in part
from Plautus, and reaching France by way of
MESSRS. BELL'S
remembered as the co-founder, with his brother
Arthur, of St. James's Hall and the Monday Italy and Spain. Cyrano is, of course, a genuine LIST.
Popular Concerts. hero, and not a boaster like Rodomont, whom
an application of the stick proves to be a coward. New List post free on application.
A MONUMENT to Rossini was recently unveiled
M. Coquelin is always welcome,but his next week's
at the Pantheon of Santa Croce, Florence. In programme, exacting and varied as it is, offers
connexion with that event there appeared a NOW READY, royal 8vo, 21s. net.
his admirers a better chance of enjoying what is
pamphlet La Famigliadi Giovacchino Rossini,'
'
Second Prix by M. Ducasse, pupil of M. Faur^ With a Biographical Introiluction by the Right Hon,
;
ham, Mr. Tree, Mr. Hare, Mr. Forbes Robert- W. E. H. LECKY, P. M
and the Second Prix by M. Bertelin, pupil of
2'
son, Mr. Cyril Maude, and Mr. Alexander had To be completed in 11 vols, crown 8vo, :!. 6rf. each.
MM. Ch. M. Widor and Theodore Dubois.
been mentioned as destined recipients of the [I'ols. 1, 2, .f, 4, .">, 8, and 'J ready.
We read in the Nene Mtisik-Zcitung that coveted honour. Mr. Charles Wyndham has Vol. CONTRIBUTIONS to the TATLEU, the
IX.
EXAMINER, the UPECrATOU, and the INIELLI-
Tschaiikowsky was in the habit of saying : carried oS" the prize, and the award seems to GENCEli.
" My past causes me i-egret, my present gives be generally popular.
me no pleasure. I count on the future that is Soimmensely superior to other forms of
Crown 8vo, .3s. (xi.
through paralysis, and no longer recognizes any Parker supplied Her Majesty's with The Seats '
four Lieder, and some part-songs. tion being The Turn of the Tide,' given at the
'
Queen's Theatre, May 29th, 1869. SECOND EDITION, REVISED. Rnyal 8vo, 1.5s. net.
For Saturday afternoon next Mr. Tree pro- The PRINT-COLLECTOR'S HAND-
PEKFOKMA.NCBS NEXT WEEK. BOOK. By ALFRED WHITMAN, Department of the
mises a revival of The Red Lamp and The
' ' '
of Prints and Drawings, British Museum, Author of
Mox. Ml- David Bispham's Keeital, James's Hall.
3, St.
'MasteiS of Mezzotint.' With 80 Illustrations.
Dr. Ludwig Winter's Concert, 3, Kechstein Hall, Ballad-Monger.' In his forthcoming produc-
Royal Italian Opera, Covent Garden.
tion of The Eternal City Mr. Tree will, it is
'
'
Ti.ES. Miss Alios Hollander's Concert, 3. St. James's Hall.
Koyal Italian Cpera, Covent Garden. said, be Bonelli Mr. Lewis Waller, David
;
SECOND EDITION, REVISED.
Wed. roldesy 'Cello Keeital. 3, .St. James's Hall. 2 vols, large post 8vo,
M.J WoIH and J. Hoilman's Coneert. 3.50, Bechstein Hall. Rossi and Miss Constance Collier, Roma. 18,. net.
;
Koyal Italian Opera, Covent Garden.
Tbubs. Miss W. Robinson's Concert. 8. Hechstein Hall.
Koyal Italian Opera, Covent Garden. Souvenirs of Ben-Hur were presented on
' '
The LIFE of NAPOLEON I., in-
Tri. M. Hegediis's Violin Kecilal, 3, Hechstein Hall.
eluding New Materials from the British Official Records.
Roval Italian Opera, Covent Garden, Tuesday afternoon to those present at the one By JOHN HOLLAND ROSE, M.A., late Scholar of
SiT, Patti Coneert, 3, AlbertHall. hundredth performance. It must be remem- Christ's College, Cambridge. With numerous Illustra-
Kubelik Recital, 3, St. James's Hall, tions, Maps, and Plans.
Rojal Italian Opera, Covent Garden. bered that one hundred performances in Drury
"It is, we think, Cfrtain that no one has hitherto suc-
Lane signify far more than a like number in a ceeded in accompliebiiig his task so well as Mr. Rose, whose
smaller house. work is, in many re>pects, a model of what a historic
DRAMA When, in the autumn, Mr. Arther Bourchier
biography ought to he."Edinhur(ih Heview.
reopens the Garrick under his own management Crown Svo, with o Portraits, 4s. 6rf. net.
it appears likely to be with 'My Lady Virtue,'
by Mr. H. V. Esmond, for which Miss Lily
A. W. KINGLAKE : a Biographical
and Literary Study. By the Rev.V/. TUCK WELL,
The season does not seem likely long to out- Hanbury has been engaged. Other parts will Author of Reminiscences of O.xford.'
'
last the Coronation period. It has, so far as be taken by Mr. Bourchier and Miss Violet " It is a very readable story Substantiallj- just and
right judging." Spectator.
regards English works, made but a sorry show, Vanbrugh. " In this brief but entertaining volume we get a striking
French performances will last a week or two picture of Kinglake's brilUant character." World.
longer, but signs are not wanting that these have
On
the production at the St. James's of Mr.
been overdone.
J. H. McCarthy's 'If I were King,' Mr. Alex-
Small Svo, Hand-made Paper, 4s. net.
ander will be Frangois Villon Mr. Alfred ;
On Saturday afternoon Sir Henry Irving Brydone, Tristran I'Hermite Mr. Lyall Swete, ; E T H E N. By A. W. Kinglake.
revived at the Lyceum Charles I.,' in which he
'
Thibaut d'Aussigny Miss Suzanne Sheldon, Reprinted from the First Edition, with an Introduction
l)y Rev. W. TUCKWELL, Copies of the Original Illus-
;
was seen once more at his best as the King, Huguetto du Hamel and Miss Julie Opp, ;
trations, and a Map.
Miss Ellen Terry reappearing as Henrietta Katharine de Vaucelles. " The value of the reprint is much enhanced by an excel-
Maria. On the evening of the same day he lent inttoAwctmn." Literature.
played Matthias in The Bells and Corporal
' '
Madame Wiehe has appeared during the
Gregory Brewster in 'A Story of Waterloo.' week at the St. George's Hall in both '
La SECOND IMPRESSION, crown Svo, 6s. net.
Main '
and 'L'Homme aux Poupees.'
With these impersonations, the merit and the The WORKS of CHARLES STUART
popularity of which are undiminished, the The Criterion Theatre will close on the CALVEKLEY. C<-niplete in 1 vol. With a Memoir by
promised programme of the Lyceum is fulfilled. 15th inst. and will then undergo structural Sir WALTER J. SENDALL, G.C.M.G., Governor of
Biitish Guiana, and Portrait.
alterations.
La.st but one of the quickly succeeding throne "None of the cheap reprints so prevalent of late haa
of French actors, M. Coquelin appeared at the Septemker 15th is fixed for the reopening of given us more unalloyed pleasure." Morning Post.
Garrick on Monday as the eponymous hero of the Vaudeville with 'Quality Street.'
'Cyrano de Bergerac,' by M. Edmond Rostand, Crown Svo, 6.-\
and has been seen in the same character during KING FRITZ'S A.D.C. By Frank
the week. The extravagant eulogy of M. HIRD.
Rostand's piece has given way to sounder To Correspondents. J. T. T. B. R. L.- J. H. M. J. D. " Mr. Hird's novel is lively reading." Times.
views, and the piece is seen to be clever rather
-O. J. received. " A thrilling little drama." Oiti/oo/,-.
E. F. W. W. You send too late for insertion.
than great. M. Coquelin remains as before H. H. "Will be discreet. London: GEORGE BELL &. SONS,
totally unlike the real Cyrano, but a whimsical York Street, Covent Garden,
No notice can be taken of anonymous communichticns.
N 3897, Julys, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 41
most important features in the biography and literary history of the poet,
the ninety-nine collotype facsimile prints of the original drawings in the British Museum.
"The thanks of all students of Florentine art are due to Mr. Colvin for having once and for all defined, not only the real nature of these drawings and
engravings, but also the character of Finiguerra as an artist, about whom has grown up so vast a mass of obsolete and erroneous literature. Not less admirable
are the facsimiles of the Chronicle,' than which nothing could be better done. Now charmirg, now naive, decorative or amusing, these drawings illustrate in
'
a hundred different ways the popular mind and the historical notions of the 'Mercato' of l"'lorence during the middle of the fifteenth century."
Saturday Revieiv,
AMHERST
ENGLAND.
(The
New
Hon.
Edition.
ALICIA).
Royal Svo, with G7 Illustrations
HISTORY
of
of GARDENING
Old English Gardens, and a Revised Text, cloth, price i^^ net.
in
189G.
'Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum' (vol. v.), 'The Birds of the .Japanese Empire,' &c. Edited by R BOWDLhll
SHARPE, LL.D. I'liblished at .i/. :3s. net; now offered at 1/. 1G. 1 vol. royal 8vo, with Portraits and GU Coloured Plates,
containing many hundred Figures.
nglish Verse by ELIZABETH CURTIS BRENTON. Small 4to, pj). xxiii and boards, price G*. net.
^<>, l'.'"2.
English
WM. BLACKWOOD & SONS' LIST. FROM IVIR, MURRAY'S LIST. ANNOUNCEMENTS.
BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE. NOW READY.
READY JULY 8.
No. Mil. JULY, 19U2. 2.v. 0(/.
THE MONTHLY REVIEW.
The
MY
END of the
LOllO the HfCIC.
TKTH Ell. I-l. By Joseph Conrad.
Hy Hufjh M. Wairand. Edited by HKNRY NBWBOLT. AN ENGLISH GIRL IN
ON the HEELS of IJE WET. MI. '
rotterln)?."
No. 22. JULY, 1902. 2s. M. net.
OOOS of a SUUT.
CONCERNING CHLESIIAL rilOTOORAPHY. EDITORIAL ARTICLES-
PARIS.
EPISODES in the ADVENTUUE.S of M. li'HAUICOT. Jiy J. Storer Trade and the New World.
Cloueton.
The One and the Many. Crown Svo, G*.
A DAY In CHIi'HAL. Hy Capt. K. L. Kennlon.
On the Line.
LORD HOWE'S VICIORY.
The CONQUEST of CHARLOTTE. Conclusion NEW ZEALAND and the EMPIRE. A. R. Atkinson,
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1. The DECLINE and FALL of the SECOND FRENCH 7. The ROYAL PALACES of LONDON.
SONGS FOR SAILORS. EMPIRE. 8. VICTOR HUGO.
Mornitig Po/ft." Spirited, melodious, and vigoroualj graphic."
Daily Xeiea
" Very spirited.
2. WAR and POETRY.
9. MODERN ENGLISH and FRENCH DRAMA.
Pall yfali Oaz^tU "Keally adiniraMe." .3. The ALBANIAN QUESTION.
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E<ho ' '\hf^ sonei are literally written for sailors, and they are
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the genuine ring,"
THE ENGLISH HISTORICAL REVIEW.
Leed^ Merrury "There is no one nowadays who can compete with Edited by REGINALD L. POOLK, M.A. Ph.D.
Dr henneit as a popular song-writer In his volume of sea songs we JULY, Royal Svo, .'j. [On Tuesday nert.
'find the qualities which must KHomre Us sacceti."
No. 67. 1'.'02.
Ltterfool Mu\l I>r. Uennett has devoted his lyrical powers to a noble
*
1. Arti':ks.
object in this comprehensive yet inexpeniive work. This gem deserves HIEHONYMUS BALBUS in PARIS. By P. S. Allen.
to be patronized not only by our entire Koyal Navy, but by all our
-feailors' Homes and all our Mercantile Marine Associations."
S(ot*n,an 'ViT liennett's heart is thorouKbly in his work. ...All
CKOMWKLL an.l the CROWN. By C. H. FIrtli. LL.D.
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them which ought to make them" popular with the class for whose use
and pleasure they are designed
The RAISING of the HlCiULAND REGIMENTS in 17.'>7. By Lleut.-CoL E. M. Lloyd, R.E.
Examiner- full of incident and strongly expressed sentiment, and 2. KoUl and Documents. 3. Heviewt of Bookt. i. A/oticet 0/ Periodical I'ufilicntioiu.
^.avinK a simple, dashing, musical roll and movement that retmndM us
of some songs that are favourable with all sailors, and the touches of
Aumoor he introduces are precisely of the kind that they will relish.''
Chatto A Windas, lU, St. ManiD's Lane. W.C.
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PAUL. \_Ecady shortly.
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that would be a pity An excellent view of some
of the more tremendous incidents of the Franco-
METHUEN'S POPULAR NOVELS.
PERSONAL IDEALISM. Philo- German War, not to mention many other materials
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sophical Essays by Eight Members of the
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NEW HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH CHURCH. passion remarkably well told Those smoul- JULIEN GORDON July 17.
THE ENGLISH CHURCH IN dering fires which were destined to convulse Europe JAIR THE APOSTATE.
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Aug.
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our cordial thanks."
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A BAYARD PROM BENGAL.
ANSTEY
F. Aug. 21.
;
;
nature to him. Commonwealth Exchequer papers, an undi-
PHIL030PHICAL Books And what then ? When he attains this gested mass of several hundreds of bundles
Sports axd Pastimes has he become a specialist ? In the sense of loose documents dealing with every side
The War axd the Frexch Official Accouxt that he works at a particular period he may of Commonwealth expenditure, and par-
Ol'R Library Taulk (The Bond of Empire Mr. ;
be styled a specialist. But in the ordinary ticularly, of course, with that side of it
Street's Essays; Westminster and Chelsea; Guide
Historical Novels
to Prof. Bury's History of ;
acceptance of the term he is not a specialist. relating to the army. From this source,
Greece; Reprints; Books for Children) ... 60- -61 Before everything else his professional train- in the main, ho has drawn up an account
List of New Books 61 ing will have brought him a sense of the of the internal organization of the Crom-
'
The Plowmax's Talk ; The Loxdox Liisrary '
continuity of human events, history, life. wellian army, its raising, recruiting, pay,
Catalogue The Firefly is Italy Chatham
; ;
AXD the Captiue OF Havaxa IX 1762: Joiix Nothing in human history is causeless, dis- commissariat, clothing, equipment, and its
Clabf.'s LIBK4RY Bkllkxdkx's Scots Traxs-; crete, isolated, unconnected, or resultless. provision for sick and wounded and for old
LATIOX OF LlVV ; BIHLIOGRAPIIV OF WaLTKR The historian looks before and after. The soldiers.
Savage Laxdor 6264
Literary Gossip 64
phenomenon which he selects for elucida- It may be safely and at once stated that
SciExcE Recext Publicatioxs ; Societies; Meet- tion can never be to him an isolated the whole of this part of Dr. Firth's work is
Next Week; Gossip
ings 6667 phenomenon, a single thing sharply de- absolutely new. But not only is it new, it
Fixe Arts Vax Dvck's Sketch-Book Pottery ;
limited on all sides. So, though he brings is absorbing interest in itself. The pay
of
AXP Porcelaix Egvptiax Axtiquities at Uxi-
;
VER3ITY College; Sales; Gossip 6769 to his task all the minute care and accuracy of the soldier was high a foot soldier
:
Music- Glasexapp's Life of Wagxer; Opi.ra at that come of long and microscopic toil, his received M. a day, a dragoon 1.?. Gd., a
Covext Gardex; Crystal Palace Peace Festi-
val Mr. Bisi'HAm's Recitatiox of
; Exoch '
mental view is not cramped to that little trooper 2s. equivalent, let us say, to 2s. 6d.,
Ardex'; Gossip; Perform axcks Next Week 7072 measure. His judgment is not merely that 53., and money.
7. of our
In times of
Drama Gos^sip 72 of the historian for its aloofness and pro- dearth, as in 1649, the pay was increased,
fessional accuracy it is at the same time
; an honest attempt towards making the pay
that of the philosopher for its wisdom, that of the soldier bear some relation to the
LITERATURE of the politician for its practical sense. cost of living. The pay of a colonel was
Take the book before us as a case in point. equivalent to 1,200/. a year of our money,
C'romwelVs Army : a History of the English It is a study of one side of the Great that of a captain to 480/., and of a lieu-
Soldier during the Civil Wars, the Comtnoti- Rebellion. Diflter as it may in time and tenant 240/.
icealth, and the Protectorate. By C. H. local circumstance from every other rebellion Severely as such high pay taxed the
Firth. (Methuen & Co.) in the world's history, it yet remains in its financial resources of the Commonwealth, it
This work furnishes the most signal justifi- essence a typical rebellion and the study of
;
had one inestimable effect on the composi-
cation of the modern methods of specializa- it has a reflex import. In viewing the Great tion the army.
of Privates and officers
tion which the English school of history Eebellion we see a typical instance of the alike were of the best that money could
has yet produced. AVe use the term in a hidden force of those impulses of discon- procure. The standard of elllciency and in-
deliberate sense. For Dr. Firth is not a tent religious or economic which have telligence represented the higher rather than
specialist in the narrow German way. He originated and will yet originate every the lower level of the civil efficiency and
has other interests than history, and other rebellion on the earth. A
rebellion needs a intelligence of the time. Accordingly, when
historical interests than that in the seven- military force. Tracing the history of the the soldiers found themselves driven to inter-
teenth century and in his seventeenth-
; army of the Great Eebellion, we learn a fere in political matters they acted with
century studies the story of the army is to significant lesson as to the creation of such a sobriety and sagacity that even at this
him only one amongst many factors of a a force. A
rebellion needs financing, and from distance of time seem wonderful. It was
most complicated problem. Why, then, the financial history of the years 1640-60 not merely Saxon phlegm that saved Eng-
should a man with a wide sweep of interest one may derive an even more signal and land from the bloody excesses of a revolu-
and purview such as this consent to become permanent lesson in political statecraft. tion era it was much more the fact that the
;
an historian in the true and proper sense histories of the English army loft many things accommodation either for meat or drink but
when the facts he handles are to liim as unexplained, and there were many parts of the what wo brouglit with us in our snapsacks."
"
and lodging were provided gratis, but only "They procured attendants and surgeons, This army had a religion and politics of
that payment therefor was deferred. A provided subsistence for patients, and found its own, sagacious, firm, and true as any
ticket was given to the civilian by the com- quarters in neighbouring villages for those whom institution has ever been that has g^own on
missary specifying the number of soldiers the hospital could not take in. They also saw British soil. But the account of these
to the burial of those who died of their wounds, matters is so condensed, so closely packed,
quartered on him, the time they were enter-
and provided those who recovered with money
tained, and the amount due for such enter- and of so absorbing an interest that it is
to take them to their colours. In a report
tainment. Hundreds of such tickets still sur- addressed to the Parliament they enlarged on
impossible to present it in abstract.
vive duly receipted as paid by the treasurer of the fortitude of the wounded, no less patient And when the army came to be disbanded
the army. From 1 649 this system was discon- in their sufiferings than they were courageous in at the Restoration it still showed the same
tinued, and a third step in the development their undertakings, and begged the House to majestic steadiness of discipline, sagacity,
was taken. An addition of a certain sum reach forth its arm of comfort to these poor and self-restraint. A homogeneous and com-
was granted to soldiers on active service as men, whose pay will be far short to defray their pact force, whose sword swayed the balance
charges and expenses in this their extremity." of the realm, simply demanded its arrears
billet money, and an Act passed for the
more certain and constant supply of the But these local hospitals at Bristol, North-
ampton, and elsewhere were only temporary
of pay and
quietly dissolved. Is there in
the history of any country an incident com-
soldiers with pay and the preventing of
any further oppression or damage to the establishments. Throughout the period the parable to this? And the marvel is the
people by free quarter or billet. Whatever London hospitals (St. Bartholomew's, Bride- greater when it is borne in mind that to all
provisions regiments in the field might well, St. Thomas's, and Bethlehem) supplied appearances the full tale of the arrears never
draw from the magazines of the garrisons the only permanent provision for the care was paid. Dr. Firth says something like
they had to pay for or replace. In the same of the sick and wounded soldiers. Dr. Firth 700,000/. was paid as arrears on the dis-
way the daily rations issued to the soldiers gives some very interesting figures as to the bandment at the Restoration. could We
of any particular regiment or company totals of the patients who passed through wish that he would re-examine the point,
were charged to its account, and deducted them. for the only official account that appears
from the pay due to it when the regimental Finally, what about the poor soldiers to have survived shows hardly half that
accounts were made up. The general result broke in the war, their widows, their chil- amount to have been paid. As this ac-
Dr. Firth sums up as follows : dren ? On this point Dr. Firth shows that count has never been printed, and as it
" On the whole, after making due allowance the Cromwellian age set an example which shows in brief the final form of this memor-
for their failures,
the administrators of the might put our own to the blush : able army, it may be reproduced. It is as
Commonwealth and Protectorate solved the " There was an effort made to provide some follows (Declared Accounts, Audit Office,
problem of feeding their forces with a fair support outside the hospitals both for disabled Bundle 47, RoU 8) :
amount of success. The army appears to have soldiers and for the widows and orphans of the
been better fed than the navy during the One fortnight's pay for the various regi-
same dead. On the 25th Oct., 1642, the day after ments of foot and horse in England ... 26,823 15 10
period; at all events complaints are fewer. The Moneys issued to the several regiments of
the battle of Edgehill, the two Houses published
commissariat department, it is evident, was far horse and foot and garrisons in satisfac-
a declaration promising such a provision. It tion of all their arrears in order to the dis-
better organized than it had been in the earlier banding of them
recited that whereas there were divers persons
part of the Civil War, and the system com- The Duke of Albemarle's
serving the Parliament in the present war who regiment 6,813 11 8
pared favourably with that existing in most had little or nothing to maintain themselves, The Duke of Buckingham's
foreign armies at the time." regiment ... 6,593 12
their wives and children, but by their own
The Earl of Northampton's
The same welcome light of closely detailed labours, the Lords and Commons would pro- regiment ... 7,460 12
fact is thrown upon all the other sides of the vide competent maintenance for such of The Earl of Peterborough's
regiment ... 9,859 2
organization of this memorable army its them as should be maimed and thereby dis-
abled, and in case such persons should be
Lord Belasyse's regiment
Lord Mordaunt's regiment
7,-354
7,609 7
clothing, arms, mounting, and tents, its Lord Herbert's regiment 7,093 15
slain they would make provision for the
drill and manoeuvres. In the matter of the Four companies of Lord Wid-
livelihood of their wives and children. drington's regiment 4,237 2 9
army medical organization, as in the com- Though these promises were imperfectly ful- Col. Sir Henry Cholmeley's
missariat, the whole structure had to be regiment 4,9.35 18 7
filled, owing
to the financial difficulties of succes- Col. Charles Fairfax's regiment 9,564 1 3
built up from its foundation. When at last sive governments, a serious attempt was made to Col. Thomas Read's regiment ... 7,885 15 10
order had been brought out of chaos there Col. Leonard Lytcot's regiment 10,352 15 1
carry them out. In November, 1643, a special
Col. John Hublethorne's regi-
was a properly organized medical staff, tax of about 4,000L a month was ordered to ment 10,046 19
consisting of two Physicians-General, a Sur- be levied on the counties for the next six months.
Total for 13 regiments of foot 99,806 16 8
geon-General, and an Apothecary- General. The allowance to the disabled or their families
was not to be more than 4^. a week. The funds The Duke of York's regiment ... 14,461 10 7
Each regiment had a regimental surgeon The Duke of Albemarle's regi-
raised were to be administered by four Trea-
'
with two companions, whilst outside civilian ment 15,285 2 9
surers for maimed soldiers,' who had their office The Earl of Sandwich's regi-
physicians were employed, being paid by ment 16,514 1 10
at Cordwainers' Hall in London. In August,
the job. Their biUs still exist in hundreds. The Earl of Oxford's regiment... 15,928 6 10
1644, after the expiration of this ordinance, 200L Lord Hawley's regiment 15,775 15 11
" One, George Blagrave, sends in an account a week was charged on the Excise and was Lord Howard's regiment 10,587 11 9
Sir John Cloberie's regiment ... 12,870 4
for the wounded soldiers cured by him, in which ordered to be paid to the Treasurers. Three Sir Hugh Bethel's regiment ... 14,801 14 4
each injury is charged for according to its years later the fines for non- payment of the Col. O'Neale's regiment 16,252 6 3
gravity. For curing a sore bruised leg he asked Excise duties were assigned to the same purpose, Col. Sir Kichard lugoldsby's regi-
ment 14,702 12 2
10s., for a cut over the eye and a sore
thrust in and other sums of money were from time to time Col. Sir Edward Rossiter's regi-
the arm 11. The highest charge was voted." ment 15,473 17
11. 10s.
Col. Sir Ralph Knight's regiment 17,3.36
1 15 3
for a certain John Bullock, who had a very
sore At the Restoration the whole of this
cut in the fore part of his head, which caused Total for 12 regiments of horse
56... 179,989 18
piece of his skull the breadth of a half-crown
a humane provision of hospitals and pensions
came to an end. The 140 soldiers still in Garrison of Sandown, Windsor,
piece to be taken forth. Calshot Castle, Hurst Castle
the hospitals in September, 1660, were and Plymouth 939 14 4
So, too, in the matter of hospitals. No Garrison of Jersey and Guernsey 5,044 3 4
field discharged. Some 1,500 widows and orphans
Garrison of Cardiff and Tenby... 1,.396 5 8
hospitals existed. The wounded in battle who had been in receipt of pensions and Garrison of Ludlow, Shrewsbury
were collected by the countrymen round or and Chester 1,739 7 8
1,700 maimed soldiers who were out-pen- Garrison of Isle of Wight 3,269 6 4
by their comrades; no movable hospitals sioners were given twelve weeks' pay apiece, Garrison of Clifford's Tower,
attended the army. But here again a de- Hull and Scarborough Castle... 445 16
and dismissed with letters of recommendation Garrison of Landguard Fort ... 980 10 2
termined effort at organization was made Garrison of Tilbury Fort 947 18
to the justices of their respective counties.
by the Parliament, and success more than So closed the history of the Long Parlia-
Garrison of Pendennis Castle ... 170 8
partially achieved. The sick and wounded Total for Garrisons 14,933 9 6
ment's effort to provide for its faithful and
were billeted out, and provision for their Payments to sundry officers soldiers not
soldiers. Seventeenth- century England was present at the general disbanding 20,083 6 IJ
cure and sustenance was made by the not rich indeed, it was financially distressed, Grand total 341,637 6 9
'; ;
series of isolated essays, it afforded no elements of Christianity, and to show that sober and impartial view of the evidence
general view of Christianity, and was, in- in the writers' view these essential elements, leads to the conviction that Jesus was the
deed, mainly notable on the negative side. so far from being opposed to reason and supreme revealer, teacher, and redeemer of
Some of the authors, such as Mark Pattison science, are in the fullest accord with them. mankind and (3) religion, so long as it
;
and Jowett, were men of brilliant intellec- How much outcry the book
arouse in may exists on earth, needs and normally obtains
tual gifts, and they wrote much that was "the religious world" not our busi-
it is expression in some form of church and
worthy of remembrance. But, as is now ness to inquire the real purpose of the
;
sacraments.
known from later publications, their hold writers is never destructive, but a critical It is clear that the modern Broad
on any positive creed was of the slightest restatement where needful of fundamental Church party (if we may use a name which
and thus, though the aim of the writers was truth. Ever since Paley's pre-eminence would probably be repudiated) owes much
to establish in the sphere of religion the was assailed it has been felt that something to the Tractarians, and has in it elements of
rights of the truth -lover, they offered no was at fault in the argument from miracles, leverage on general opinion which the old
real help to an age that was seriously per- even if they were shown to have happened. school of Jowett and Stanley indisputably
plexed as to its faith. The writers of this volume boldly declare lacked. Looking at evidence afforded by
'Lux Mundi,' on the other hand, was that the fault lay in putting them in the writings like those of Mr. Henson, who
avowedly written by "servants of the Catho- forefront of an argument for a spiritual is "popular" in a sense, and other indi-
lic creed and Church"; and so, while it interpretation of the universe. So far as we cations, into which we cannot here enter,
affected the old High Churchmen with horror can gather, their views would greatly vary we are inclined to share the belief of the
at the audacities of Dr. Grore, its help to the as to how far they could attach their own essayists
"distressed faith" which it professed to credence to any particular alleged miraculous "that they represent tendencies and points of
" succour " was too much that of advocacy to occurrence but they seem one and all
;
view which are far more common among the
be convincing. True, it was occupied with, agreed that physical miracles are a matter clergy of the Church of England than is com-
and to a certain extent succeeded in, setting monly supposed by persons whose impressions
of no more than secondary importance, and
out that faith in relation to modem philoso- about clerical opinion are derived from current
that it does not greatly concern us whether controversies, whether in the secular or the
phy, and some of the essays, like that of they happened as on the orthodox view or religious press."
Aubrey Moore, are permanently valuable. not. We
are not inquiring whether these
Anyhow, we welcome the book, and
In so far as it ministered as it undoubtedly notions are right, but pointing out that this
did to the growth of enlightenment and is the view that gives the book its signifi-
believe it
opportune moment.
to have appeared at a singularly
Such a collection of
impartiality among the High Church party cance, and will arrest attention from the
essays should be a valuable corrective of
it performed a service. But without in any wide public which abhors apologetics. The erroneous opinion as to the dominant ten-
way attributing motives to the authors, one ordinary person may be apt to inquire, If this
dencies of thinking minds in the Church of
could not but feel that some of their writing be admitted, what remains of Christianity ?
had too much of the impression of leading England.
The answer, in the view of the essayists, is.
up to a foregone conclusion to produce the
effect desired.
All that has even now any power to affect
IVords and their Ways in English Speech. By
the lives and thoughts of men. For, if we
The present book .1.Bradstreet Greenough and G. Lynan
is different from either consider the positive content of the religious
of its predecessors. authors claim that K^ittredge. (London, Macmillan & Co.
Its teaching of these writers, it will be found
" criticism must be wholly free," and there York, the Macmillan Company.)
New
to contain all that, to the view of many,
is little or no taint of a parti pris about their
Christianity has been meaning as vital TiiK inquiry how words have come to be
writing. Whatever the value of the con- religion, to the last generation at least, and what they are is a valuable element of
cltisions of the various writers, a question
much that seems the exclusive possession of general education, in proportion to the aid
into which we cannot enter here, there is it gives in comprehending the exact
mean-
High Churchmen.
no doubt of their being their own, adopted We have never seen the metaphysical ing and function of words and phrases, and
from a sense of their truth and reasonable- argument for idealism set forth with such in appreciating the dignity and marvel of
ness, and in no way held because incumbent lucidity and cogency to the non-philosophical language. Such educational value attaches
upon them as Churchmen or as clergymen. reader as in Dr. Rashdall's essay except, to these interesting chapters on
main
Words
purpose
'
Some may deny the right of men with such indeed, in the writings of the great neglected and their Ways,' though its
in which language can be properly said to itself, but it must once have so existed, or NoUlity. By J. S. Fleming, F.S.A.Scot.
signify anything." it could not have been used in making (Gardner.)
This is generally true, in spite of many compounds," in view of " au-spicium," A Scotch publisher was wont to speak of
cases in which the same set of words has " man-cipium " (p. 172). Nor is the analysis
old woodcut blocks as " cleeshies." There
one meaning for the speaker and sundry of Lat. " iteratio " into " i hti + ro + a + ti
other meanings for his hearers. No human + "
quite impregnable (p. 170). We
is a good deal of the "cleeshy" in Mr.
W. S. Crockett's book, The Scott Country.'
'
coQvention can secure complete reciprocity. have noted a few Americanisms, such as The illustrations are of divers kinds some :
Defective reciprocity between interlocutors is " puckery " =astringent (p. 20), "society
are photographs of no great merit others ;
one of the causes owing to which so many buds," and " adults not otherwise ticketed are "cleeshies," indeed, like Birket Foster's
words change their significations. Another as vulgar," where " ticketed" suggests the '
Harden (not a very good work) and a
'
maxims and generalizations and the happy are necessary factors in the development of a freshment." The " cleeshy " is not
choice of illustrative examples. The philo- cultivated tongue. Without the purist our lan- absent from what is invidiously called
logy is derived not merely from grammars guage would change with extravagant rapidity ;
"the letterpress." The old, old extracts
and dictionaries, but also from a service- our vocabulary, for example, would give daily hos-
pitality to hosts of new words which have nothing
from Lockhart are served up again this ;
between the old and the new." ing. His Confessions of a Justified Sinner
'
circumstance. On the other hand, the flag of the weavers. The Selkirk " coat about Callander House is not lucid, and
Mr. Crockett informs us that Johnnie Faa of arms " has no more to do with
Flodden than appears inconsistent with respect to the
was " the real lover of Ladie Jean Hamil- withColensojthe Madonna and Child are from science of arithmetic: "On January l.'Jth,
ton, daughter of the first Earl of Haddington the town seal, as Mr. Crockett thinks " more 15G(), she Mary Stuart] visited her friends,
I
and wife of the sixth Earl of Cassilis." If than likely." Mr. Crockett, probably by a with the royal infant, spending four days,
so, Lord Cassilis appears to have taken the slip of the pen calls The Souters of Selkirk
,
'
on the 21th of that month with them."
escapade of his lady with good humour. He of older date than Flodden, while adding It is not easy to
spend four days on any one
wedded her in 1621 in 1642 (December loth)
: that " the town rose into prominence during day, whether be the l;!th, the 21th. or
it
he invites Lord Eglinton to her funeral, and the eighteenth century for its manufacture (as Mr. Fleming apparently means) both.
speaks of her with affection, as the Eglinton '
of shoes," whence the inhabitants are called This stay of four days was interesting,
Papers' prove. So good a tale as the slaying "souters." Indeed, he also says that the though Mr. Fleming does not say so, be-
of Jamie Thomson's father by a ghost who ballad is of date subsequent to Flodden. cause the Queen was taking Darnley to Kirk
resented Presbyterian exorcism might have The legend about boiling Lord Soulis is as o' Field. Whether Lord Livingstone, the
been inserted. As for the Seasons,' we can '
apocryphal as "the fragmentary ballad of owner was mixed up with what
of Callander,
hardly say, with Mr. Crockett, that " arti- '
Barthram's Dirge,' " by Surtees of Mains- presently occurred at Kirk o' Field is un-
ficialism is entirely absent," though forth. Was Sir Alexander Gibson (Lord certain, but really "Rotherim" is an eccentric
Scotia, with exulting tear, Durie) kidnapped on Leith sands or on the way of spelling Rotlierham, where Lady
Proclaims that Thomson was her son, sands north of St. Andrews ? Both tales Livingstone " was left ill," says Mr. Fleming.
as Burns rapturously sang. " Jeddart are told. Mr. Crockett follows Scott, who He has produced such a pretty book, and
Justice" is, we think, correctly explained votes for Leith, and cites an authority of his drawings of old houses, with their
by Mr. Crockett as a reference to the 1714, very long after the event, if ever the gables, crow steps, turrets, doorways, and
summary justice of the Border commissioners event occurred. As to Traquair and the quaint nooks, are so pleasing, that we can
of James yi. and I. They themselves pitied Forty-five, Mr. Crockett might have con- but regret his lapses of knowledge and
their victims, but it is needless to pity sulted '
The Memorials of John Murray of vagaries in spelling.
Johnnie Armstrong, whose betrayal seems Broughton.' The earl assuredly did not Among his houses Mar's lodgings are
to rest on a ballad, filtered through the show well in that business. Mr. Crockett nearly the most interesting. The Mars were
fabulous Pitscottie. As to fair maiden Lil- is right, and Sir Walter was quite wrong, often keepers of Stirling Castle and cus-
liard, who fought at Ancrum Moor, her name in his identification of the Fair Dodhead todians of infant heirs to the crown. As
may be derived from a place, Liliot. But in the ballad of 'Jamie Telfer,' whence the party politics of Scotland were a mere
if Warden's days were held at "Liliot Cross," we may infer that Scott is not the author series of plots to kidnap princes, each Mar
the place must have been close on the of the ballad, though he, or Hogg, seems had a delicate task. In view of the age
actual marches, which Ancrum Moor is not. to have touched it up. The right Dod- and the country the Mars were men of
For the Border meetings at ''Liliot Cross" head is near Skelfhill and Teviot, not in honour. It was the Regent Mar, apparently,
we are vaguely referred to "very early Ettrick, as Scott strangely supposed. Mr. who began to build the "lodging," which
documents." That the Cavers gauntlets were Crockett also puts Sybil's Well (in Mar- '
is decorated with coroneted " ^'s," though
"taken from the proud Percy" seems a mion ') in its proper place a fictitious ; Erskine was more frequently spelt in the
tradition as doubtful as the famous Sybil's Well is shown to tourists. It may present way. Mr. Fleming also pictures
wedding of Harden to Muckle - Moued be added that if the Scots, from Flodden, the Mar house of Alloa Tower, where
Meg of Elibank, the lady being preferable saw the English cross Twizel bridge (as Queen Mary stayed soon after the birth of
to the gibbet. Mr. Crockett strongly in Marmion' they do), they must have had
'
James VI. 15uchanan represents her visit
;
doubts this tale, and we believe that a eyes like those of which Sam Weller dis- to Mar as a very disreputable jaunt. Ban-
variant occurs in G-ermany. If Hawick claimed the possession. Sir Walter treated nockburn House is a good example here ;
was, perhaps, "a settlement of the history and topography in his poems much Prince Charles and Clementina Walkin-
Gadeni," and if the Gadeni were Celts, as Turner treated landscape. There was shaw began their unhappy love affair.
as seems likely, they, at least, cannot have nothing photographic in his descriptions, as Airth, a remarkably fine old place, was the
called the place " Haga-wic, Hawick," the is proved by Mr. Crockett's photographs. home of the Rev. Robert Bruce, who had
fenced in habitation. A
local poet, un- The word "lodgings," in English, is such endless trouble with James VI. over the
named, sings, of Flodden : destitute of romance. But in Scots the Gowrie conspiracy. The House of Touch is
Round about their gallant king, town house of a prince or earl might be also a relic of many ages and orders, and
For countrie and for crown, called his "lodgings." Mr. Fleming has has its own Jacobite memories. In fact,
Stude the dauntless Border ring, designed, very agreeably, a number of old almost every one of the houses, whether
Till the last was hackit down.
"lodgings" in the town of Stirling, and many "lodgings" in town or chateau in the
Perhaps the people of Hawick did country houses of the sixteenth and seven- country, is rich in romantic memories.
make good teenth centuries yet extant in the shire. The The Elphinstone House, according to Mr.
Their dark impenetrable wood, Fleming, was the abode of a man who fell
handsome volume which contains Mr. Flem-
but the " Border ring " (as it is too appro- ing's drawings offers also brief accounts of at Flodden, while his father died at Pinkie-
priately styled) went for the loot. Far from these picturesque relics, of their builders, cleugh. He must have been a very aged
being " >.ackit down," the Borderers were and of their history. Probably the author veteran, still arms so many years after the
in
stillon the field next morning, with an is more at home with pencil than with pen, death of his son. Indeed, Mr. Fleming
eye, as was deemed, to the plunder, but a and he would have done well to get some ought to be more careful.
volley from the English guns prevailed on professed antiquary to correct his proof-
them to withdraw. However, these were sheets. Thus Sir Hugh Paterson may be
Berwickshire spears, Humes, Logans, Chirn- The Knights of A)i8topha7ies. Edited by
correctly described as mile/i, but not as
sides, and the rest. The yearly Common Robert Alexander Neil. (Cambridge,
militis. Of all people the antiquary needs
Riding of Hawick is a remarkable survival University Press.)
to know Latin, and, if he does not, he
in a place not apt to brood over the storied had better leave the language of an( ient The ComedieH of Aristophanes. By B. B.
past. Mr. Crockett believes that the Hawick Eome unquoted. It is full of pitfalls, as in Rogers. Frogs : Ecclesiaznsa:. (Bell &
Sons.)
chorus, "Teribus and Terioden," is "pro- the reference to " Sir Hugli, militis^ In
bably a relic of North Anglian heathendom the third line of chap. i. " dilapidated " is A attaches to the edition
r.vTiiEi KJ interest
part of a pious invocation to the Scandinavian printed " delapidated," which is not quite of the Knights before us
' the editor was
'
:
deities ThorandOdin." But are "Anglians" the same thing. Tympani hardly sounds snatched away in the fulness of his powers
Scandinavians y That "Terioden "' is only a correct, and the word "ascribe" ought not to last summer, and many will eclio the tribute
modern nonsense rhyme to "Flodden " has be used in place of " describe." In the Latin paid to him in the introductory pages by his
been averred by sceptics (who had better language there were propositions which had friends. He was, however, uhlo to leave
not say so at Hawick). We certainly never certain meanings disregarded by Mr. behind him in liis long-oxpected work a
heard that, at Selkirk, "an Englinh Fleming. He errs also in tliinking that memorial worthy of his powers.
standard " from Flodden was preserved and ;
the great Montrose was " Duke of Mont- The Knights of Aristophanes presents
' '
a local sceptic sees in this venerable relic rose" in l(i4.j. The following sentence few dilliculties of textual criticisni, but all
;
pi, is regular, though editors perversely give the 270 Ovi'voa-KOTTwv, 313 XdfSpa^, 361 x^ciXa-
; ;
; zuste' our Western ideas make translation
dual sometimes. Fr., 52, (SoiSapiiov (evyo';. (do), 385 Xi'irapo^,
; 536 fSpvd^oj, 602 ; ; particularly difficult. Each stumbling-block
Alcteus, Com., 14, ^evyo<s fSowv. Antiphanes, 205, trtrt^w, 715; i'avi(TKon', 731; xj-^pa, 806, as Mr. Rogers has surmounted with admirable
Tttwi' ^ivyos Andoc, Alcib., 26, (euyos LTnriov'
;
; instances in which the editor's knowledge tact and spirit, two qualities not often com-
and so Isocr., Vig.. 25, kvXlkojv (euyos. Ister both of languages and literatures has
ap^ Athen., xi. 478B. (Fr. Hist. Gr. i. 423),
bined. And Mr, Rogers knows his English
stood him in good stead. classics, too, from Milton to Mulvaney, the
^euyos (XTTvplSuiv. Anth. Pal., vi. 28, 5, (evyos
Special attention may be directed to the sure hall-mark of a good translator. His
Xrji'ioi' ib., 231, 4, ^evyo^ Sr^/xaywywi'.
; Plut.,
Agis, 2, {'tuyos SpaKovTWP. note on 130, where the true Greek distinc- rendering is, in fact, as good as any one
Ti. Gracch, 1,
(TTpocjjiyycji' ^vyo<;. C.I.A., ii. 834 b, (vyo<; tion between e^ts and crxecrts, with that could wish, whether scholar or reader in
o-KV(f>(op ib., iii. 60, opvideiMX' ^euyos, &c. Dio-
;
between e'^oj and dX'yj'^, is defined and the mere pursuit of enjoyment. The real
cletian's Tariff, 4, 23-51. The only case I know exceptions collected and explained to that ; poetry of some of the Aristophanic lyrics
of the dual is Ar., Fr., 344, 4, (evydpiov on 174, wherein is contained a most con- has been admirably preserved, while the
oiKexov fSooh; where there is special emphasis on vincing defence of the manuscript reading cut-and-thrust of the dialogue is as sharp
the ordinary farmer's two oxen and no more. In
l\apx>]^ovo. to the explanation of t</)' e^S^Ka
; and neat as English allows.
^-Esch., Agam., 44, there is more to be said for
KojTrats offered in the note on 546 and the Mr. Rogers's critical powers are also
Dindorf's ^eijyo? Arpe^Saip than for most such ;
twentieth century
speak of '-first-class Ho returned to England at the end of the picture of life in a small state somowhoro in
battle - ships " of the friend as "a
;
year, convinced that the German system Rajputuna. She does not bore the reader
master's mate on H.M.S. Monarch," or of would not suit Englishuien and dipgusted with too much instruction, but she makfB
''BUckwood just come on the Euryalus with German militarism, though recognizing one see, or believe that one can see (which
into Portsmouth." As he was under no the fine qualities of the Gorman officer. As is all one wants), how things appear and
;
army of martyrs," and if the martyrs were Another volume of translation coming to us of the philosopher's minor productions, while
good, unselfish people, sadly lacking in from the same quarter contains Dr. George of his chief performance only the first part
judgment and common sense, Margaret Montgomery's version of Leibniz's Discourse has attracted any very serious attention. Dr.
might well have joined their band. In a onAIetaplujsics, Correspondence iviiUArnauJd, Sakmann tries to introduce some sort of order
moment of quixotic exaltation, she makes and MonadoJogy (Chicago, Open Court Pub- into the ideas to which Mandeville, as he
herself responsible for her adopted sister's lishing Company). The translation has little maintains, gave careless and casual expression;
to recommend it. There is an absence of he tries, not without some degree of success^
crime, and forthwith proceeds to weave a
grip about it, and in some places an illiteracy, to reduce them to a definite scheme. Whether
tangled web by borrowing the identity of a or not the scheme which he exhibits is coherent
particularly in such matters as punctuation
lady with whose antecedents and upbring- another question. In the course of his
and the common use of language, which is not is
ing she is unfamiliar. Later, undeterred by favourable to philosophical equanimity. The critical observations he points out in an inte-
the path of deception which she is obliged attractive element in this venture is the resting fashion how many modern tendencies
to tread, Margaret feels curiously justified introduction by M. Paul Janet. What he has of thought are anticipated by the man whom
in marrying the rector of her parish to say, though brief, is very much to the point he calls at one moment the Hogarth of philo-
without confiding to him the intrigue in as was only to be expected of so distinguished sophy and at another the acutest of " t he-
a student of Leibniz, spirits that denied " in the Age of Enlighten-
which she is involved. The inevitable dis-
ment, He writes well, and as he avoids many
comfort to herself and her husband ensues, In Tlie Field of Ethics (Boston, Houghton, of the distinguishing qualities of German
considerably enhanced by the presence of Mifflin & Co.) we have yet another contribu- philosophical literature, what he has to say
her sister's child, of a gentleman who levies tion to philosophy from the United States. allows itself to be read.
blackmail, and of a jealous, prying sister-in- This little book reproduces half a dozen
lectures delivered at Harvard by Prof. George
A work of an entirely different character
law, who is, however, the most living character from any of the foregoing is the Rev. D.
in the book. The story will be found very Herbert Palmer. He himself describes them Nickerson's The Orinin of Thonrjht (KeganFaul).
as "an introduction to ethics of a somewhat
readable by those who enjoy mild domestic The author, who is an army chaplain, mentions-
noA'el kind." It is not, he says, a mere
for thoughtful young men and
'
fiction shrouded in criminal mystery. that he writes '
along the shore, tumbling over, and the like, With all of his conclusions it is, of course, extensive experience he says, " It is tolerably
can lead a flock of inquisitive duck nearer impossible to agree for example, when he
; certain that when a man is let in at ' '
and nearer to the concealed gunner, who states as "a curious but undeniable fact that billiards he generally has himself to blame,
then shoots them. This kind of dog has been very little more than thirty years have elapsed whether the letter in be amateur or pro-
'
'
known for centuries in England as a necessary since man first knew the real art of angling fessional." This we endorse, merely remark-
part of the working of a duck- decoy. for salmon," which have only recently been ing that the operation is generally more
" Grisle" is probably a misprint for " grilse," " educated to rise at flies the like of which
' '
scientifically performed, and perhaps with less
but the following sentence is unintelligible to never which never grew." At
flew, the size of painful results, by the professional than by
an Englishman : "He
had to let up on goose the same time, his sound common sense leads the amateur. It ought, however, to be added
lor that pudding." But it is only fair to him straight when treating of the question, that the supply of victims has diminished
quote a longer sentence, and then to compare Do salmon feed in fresh water ? He prefers in proportion to the extended knowledge of
it mentally with the writing of St. John, the testimony of his eyes during a rise of the game, and that professional players, at
Colquhoun, or Sir E. Grey. Some wild geese March Browns to the scientific conclusions any rate, have now so many legitimate ways
had been shot, and the author says : of the Scotch Fishery Board, and he thus of making a living, such as teaching and
" This was such wonderful luck that we had to
liberates his mind : playing exhibition games, that they arc less
holloa couldn't help it, such special luck was likely to yield to the temptation of plundering
" With what these painstaking gentlemen prove I
making us drunk with excitement. Neither of us had
ever even approached it. The ground all about was am in no way concerned. It is enough for me to the unwary.
dotted with dead and crippled geese, and the poor feel convinced that salmon do feed in fresh
old broken-winged chap hopped about when he saw water, and to know moreover that they will have WRITINGS ON THE WAK
the five geese coming so near him, as though able to some March Browns in preference to others, rei'ect-
ing the latter unconditionally. When they take a THE TRENCH OFFICIAL ACCOUNT.
get up and go along with them yet lie didn't."
Messrs. Horace Marsh.vll & Son publish
;
there is but little difference between the best its total inapplicability to our .^peciHl needs.
literature only so far back as half a century
amateur and professional form, whereas in the Mr. Lowry revives, unfortunately, in liis volume
has given way to a tender, humane, and
latter the distinction is wide. He is right the stories of " white llg treacliery." Ho lias
kindly method of shooting. He who shoots headings or side-notes such as " More treacliery
his hares in the back, or cuts off the long in placing .lohn Koberts, jun., at the head
of professional billiard plaj'ors, for certainly, and still more"; "Boer treacliery and the
tail-feathers of a cock pheasant, is looked on
though ho might be now, and must be soon, wliite flag." Under the heading "More Boer
with anything but approbation by his fellow-
passed by younger men, yet none of them slimness " lie relates at length, as a violation of
sportsmen. It is interesting to trace these
has approached his best performances, and all the recognized usages of war and an "out-
marks of pity and care in the sport of to-day
he was as great a showinan as a player. It rage," a case of carrying off an amijulancc, of
as compared with the past, and, while con-
will be seen that the scoi)0 of the book is which he saya that it was asserted that "some
templating them, Ml-. I'attillo will not
wide, and the extracts given convey an idea of our men had dcjiio them recent vvfiii; which
probably be astonisJied that we cannot com-
of how the subjects are treated a word of they [tlie Boors] wislicd to avenge." Now it is
mend either the tone or the matter of his ;
praise, however, should be added on behalf of the fact that in the second volume of \.\\o Tima
liook.
the excellent illustrations by Messrs. A.Thor- liistory of the war, as wo pointed out in our
" Lord Cranville fJordon's connection with review, Mr. .\niery has come to the conclusion
burn, J. (J. .Millais, and Harrington Bird, as
sport is so well known that his reminiscences well as the reproductions from photographs. tliat the one really serious incident of tlic kind
60 THE ATHEN^UM N-'SSQS, July 12,1902
was our own carrying off of the Boer ambulance Negrier for the use of all European armies is regard to State-assisted em igration He does not
.
at Belmont. Such things are inevitable in war that what will count in future war is energy seem to have read of the great agitation on this,
and moral force in the men. subject in 1870, and of its complete failure.
from time to time, and it is an injury to the
It is possible that the overwhelming objection
country to press them against our fellow-sub-
of the working classes to being taxed in the
jects after the conclusion of the war. So, too,
smallest degree for the emigration of the most
with the "treachery" here recorded at Bel- OUR LIBRARY TABLE. adventurous among them from this country
mont, when the arm of the correspondent of
The Bond of Empire belongs to a class has diminished in the last thirty years, but
the Morning Post was shattered. The incident,
which includes several volumes we have Australian opinion against assisted immigra-
though most regrettable, was on a far smaller
scale than the similar incident on our own side lately noticed. Written by Mr. Montague tion has enormously strengthened in that
at Spion Kop and in the case of Spion Jessett, and published by Messrs. Sampson time, and we are convinced that there would
;
Kop, as we have repeatedly pointed out, Low & Co., it deals with what are com- be as little prospect of the adoption of such
monly called Imperial Federation and measures now as there was in the days when they
and as is now admitted by all military authori-
Imperial trade and defence. AVe regret to were recommended to great meetings through-
ties, we were perfectly within our right in firing
on the white flag. There is in Mr. Lowry's be forced to add that it deals with the sub- out the country by Lord George Hamilton, Sir
book a most amazing story told by him of jects with the same disregard of dominant George Grey, Mr. Edward Jenkins, and Mr.
the whole brigade of Guards having been held Australian opinion, and the same neglect of Torrens. Mr. Jessett would create, we note,
back for four-and-twenty hours by a solitary the interests of the Indian Empire, which have a new Cabinet Minister of Emigration. This
invisible sniper, against whom the naval guns been exhibited in almost all the books to makes the seventh or eighth new Cabinet
and field guns and the Pom-Poms were each in which we refer. Mr. Jessett has made up Minister who has been proposed in the last
turn called to the rescue, and rained shot and his volume by quotations from high authori- six or eight weeks by different writers upon
shell for hours upon the one man, against whom ties mixed with a few from persons who such subjects. A
Cabinet of twenty or thirty
afterwards a whole battalion of Scots Guards have no title to be heard; and he seldom members does not appear to us calculated
writes in his own words. But we believe to advance the prosperity of the Empire.
fired volley after volley, the single Boer finally
retiring unhurt !
that he is stating his own opinion where he Mr. Jessett thinks that the British Govern-
says that the direct representation of the ment has triumphed over "the demand made
A more important contribution to the history
by the labour party for A White Australia.' "
colonies in an Imperial Parliament, although '
studies should never liavo lieen carried beyond think, materially advance tlio reputation of its readers or reviewers and that is the more
;
the magazine stage of their existence, others author. profitable sort of popularity from a busines*
again may find them deserving of a permanent Wk have received two little volumes of a point of view, no doubt. It is not a novel, and
niche upon their shelves. Thej' appeared scries called " The Fascination of London," it is not a book of short stories. It consists
originally in the pages of the Fortniiihllij, devised by the late Sir Walter Besant and of 197 pages of matter which roads like the
CoynhiU the y'dt ional and the Mouthhj Revicwx,
,
edited by Mr. G. E. Mitton. The volumes libretto of a comic opera, and some ninety odd
and the Londoner, which last publication Mr. which wo have are H'csf iii ji.sfcr and Clielsca, of pages of short sketches dealingwith the life of
Street hopes he did uot "help to kill." The which the former appears to be chiefly written by the principal character in tlie comic opera,
author's assumption of humility, by the way, Sir Walter Besant and the latter by Mr. Mitton. Jim Twelves, to wit, and brought so thoroughly
is here tolerably humoroiis, and therefore The publishers are Messrs. Adam & Charles up to date as to include reference to the last
agreeable. Elsewhere in the book, however, Black. There is, perhaps, always room for tournament at the Agricultural Hall. The
its prominence is less than pleasing :
histories of Westminster in any shape, and comic opera, or long-short story one really
we welcome that which we receive, but it is is puzzled to find a fitting name for the narra-
"The little differences in modes of addres?, the
existing point of view intellectually and morally, marred by an astounding blunder in the print- tive which forms the bulk of the book deals
ing, both in the text and in tlie index, of in a Gilbortian sj)irit with a campaign in East
the social values and distances of this or that dis-
tinction in class all this I love to ponder and the name of Mr. Thoms as Thome. Africa, conducted by some fifty man-o'-war's
carefully to compare with my memory of such com- Chelsea has a large literature of so excellent men under a siib-licutcnant. It is genuinely
monplace conversations conducted by the jiresent a nature that there is hardly room for anything amusing, though it lacks form and is sin-
representatives of the people in the book But the gularly inchoate. Jim Twelves, " A.B. and
broader and more bravely soaring minds of other new. We were forced to make the same state-
ment when we reviewed the larger book of Mr. trained man," will stand a very fair chance
people, impatient of trivialities, would not neces-
sarily waste their time in the same relaxation."' E. Blunt. Faulkner is excellent for the older of being compared by readers with Mulvanoy
part, and L'Estrange's Village of Palaces
' of the sister service; and if his history were
This surely to thrust forward one's modesty
is
is a most entertaining book. Tlio debt of Mr. rewritten and severely trimmed and shapen,
upon a suggestion implying the loutishness of Mitton to Faulkner and to L'Estrange is duly the comparison would not necessarily be very
"other people." But one hastens to add that acknowledged but L'Estrange is not indexed unfavourable to the sailor.
;
impoliteness is not at all characteristic of Mr. by Mr. Mitton, and the index is, indeed, in- Books for children are certainly made
Street's work in this or any other of his books. complete. The map, too, is not a good one. attractive nowadays. Little French Folk, by
On the contrary, the Essays,' and their pre-
'
We have no serious fault to find with the little C. T. Onions (Speight, the Norland Press,
decessor, A Book of Stories,' are both dis-
'
Chelsea volume. It is not very clear or Shaldon, South Devon), is capitally illustratccl
tinguished by an almost irritating degree of accurate to say that the West Bourne "empties and will form a good book for beginners. Tlie
suavity. And suavity is not a feature of the age itself into the Thames about 300 yards above First Book: Sony and Storu, by E. E. Speight
we live in, though the conceit of modesty is the bridge," without telling us what bridge is and Clara L. Thomson (same firm), is equally
perhaps. In its first sixty pages the present meant. The word "borough" is used for good, and seeks to introduce folk-lore and folk-
volume is concerned with various aspects of Lon- Chelsea in a slightly confusing fashion. For music English as well as American boys
don and London life, from London in General
'
instance, we are told that "an outlying piece and girls ought to like Tlic lloHon I'rivicr^
to Cockney Humour
*
and The Suburbs,'
' '
tion as a man, not as a poet. This defence than envy the compiler if he has read all his
(Masters), Moods and Onldoor Verses, by P.
seems somewhat unnecessary and not very exemplars, some of which are only on the Askham (Brimley Johnson), Principal James
judiciously managed. It contains several skirts of history. An introduction deals sen- Morison, by O. Sracaton (Edinburgh, Oliver &
sweeping statements regarding Byron's cha- sibly with the question what an historical Boyd), Aids to Pniclical PeVKjion from the
racter, and but little evidence or reasoning novel is, though the correlation of master- Writinqs of IF. Boijd Carpenter, D.D., edited
in support of them. "How could a man who pieces on which the author ventures rather by the" Rev. J. H. Burn (Cassell), and Tlie
died at thirty-six and left behind him such a surprises us by some of its inclusions. Reliqiovs Life and InfUtence of Queen Victoria,
mass of written work be a libertine steeped by W. Walsh (Sonnenschein). Among New-
Prof. Blry's admirable Histortj of (treecc Editions we have An Old Maid's Love, by
in vice and the rest of it? " The question is (Macmillan & Co.) reappears in two volumes,
put forward as an argument, and, as such, a Maarten Maartens(:\lacmillan), I'/ic Econonuj
an excellently printed "Library Edition," Human Life, translated from an Indian
moment's consideration of our records of great of
which all classical students will desire to Manuscript, written by an ancient Braniin,
artists of all sorts proves it worthless. Byron's
possess. The text, though carefully revised, edited by D. M. Gano (Luzac), A'o. 5, John
reputation will probably endure without white- is not materially altered. Attention has
washing, and in any case cannot be benefited Street, by R. Whitoing (Grnnt Richards),
been paid to the Cnossian discoveries of Mr. The Game and the Candle, by lilioda
by this sort of sophistry. Mr. Street calls
Anthony Trollope " by far our greatest realist
Evans, and the notes have been considerably
expanded. The references to literature, as a
Broughton (Macmillan),
Onhj a Drummer
since Fielding," and, considered as criticism, Boil, by Major Arthur Haggard (Treherno),
testimony to the liberalism of Athens, for AVii' China and Old, by Archdeacon Moulo
the comment is daring and emphatic, if nothing instance, in her flowering time, are so able
else. But is the author justified by fact in (Scelev), C'/no-c/i Folk-lore, by the Rev. J. E.
that one wishes Mr. Bury would enlarge them, Vaux '(Skeflington), and Seaside Watering-
accounting for a present-day lack of interest or consider this side of the subject in another
in Trollope by saying that "few people care Places (Upcott Gill).
book.
about accurate pictures of their fathers' sur-
roundings " ? This same note upon Trollope Two well-known historical novels. The Last
is one of the most sincere of the sketches Daijs of Pompeii and Tlic Cloister and the LIST OF NBW BOOKS.
Ilr'arlh, appear in a compact and decorative
in the volume, and good reading. 'The ENQLISH.
Paradox of the Jew,' too, is both sound and form in the " Turner House Classics " (Virtne neology.
readable. The author takes leave of his & Co.). The first has Lytton's own introduc- Brierlcv (J.), Ourselves nnrt flic Universe, cr. 8vo, 6/
readers in A Conversation between himself
' ' tion, the other Bosant's generous appreciation Snell (U. J.), Words to CliiMren. cr. 8vo, 2/
of to-day and himself of ten years ago, as of Keadc's masterpiece, which assuredly will Fine Art and Arehaology,
dreamt, after luncheon, in a hotel smoking- stand all that pedantry or petulance can urge Ancestor (The\ No. :', Imp. fvo. .'./ net. ^
ing than the average novel, but it will not, we unprofessional readers than among professed roy. Bvo, 1.'' net.
; ';
Butler-Johnstone (H. M.), Imperialism, Federation, and few that are found in the possibly edition the redactor may have ceased to be
Policy, cr. Svo, sewed, 2/6 genuine stanzas are quite unimportant, solicitous about the exact conformity of his
Gerard (D.), Holy Matrimony, cr. Svo, 6/ with one exception (1. 135), and in that instance
Gladden (W.), Social Salvation, cr. Svo, 4/ additions to the original pattern.
Shannon (W. F.), Jim Twelves, A.B. and Trained Man, 3/6 the style suggests that the resemblance is due As the late redaction may have included
Sladen's (D.) London and its Leaders, oblong Svo, 2/6 net to imitation. The conclusion that the '
Tale omissions and rewritings as well as additions,
boards, 1/ net.
Through Storm and Stress, by Mardale, cr. Svo, 3/6 was written by the author of the Creed there-
' '
the results of any attempt at critical analysis of
White (P.), The New Christians, cr. Svo, 6/ fore falls to the ground for lack of evidence. It the existing text must be very uncertain. The
FOREIGN. may be objected that perhaps the interpolated portions that seem to me to contain matter
Theology,
stanzas were inserted by the original author derived from the original poem are lines 53-60,
Gelzer (H.), Der Patriarchat v. Achrida, 7m. 20. himself at a later time, when he no longer cared 69-132, 181-204, 229-236, 1 301-308. These
Guttmann (J.), Die Scholastik des 13 Jahrh. in ihren to adhere to the form adopted in his earlier amount toabout fourteen stanzas of part i. in ;
Beziehungen zum Judenthum, 5m. work. But I think no competent scholar who parts ii. and iii. there is nothing that strongly
Lemoine (J.), Memoires des Eveques de France, 1698, lOfr.
Tilemann (H.), Speculum Perfectionis, 3m. will carefully read these stanzas apart from the suggests an early origin unless it be the author's
Law. rest will think it possible that they were written apology in the last stanza but one. I think it
Cuq (fi.), Les Institutions Juridiques des Romains, Vol. 2, in the fourteenth century. Although the inter- not unlikely that the fourteenth-century piece
lOfr.
Fine Art and Archaology.
polator borrows the phrases of the author of the was an attack on the friars only, not on the
Beylie (General L. de), L'Habitation Byzantine, 40fr.
'
Creed,' and expresses sentiments very similar Pope and Church dignitaries in general, and that
Juglar (L), Le Style dans les Arts, 3fr. 50. to his, the manner of the two writers is the appearance of the Griffon as an adversary
Omont (H.), Facsimiles des Miniatures des plus Anciens extremely different.
Manuscrits Grecs de la Bibliothfique Nationale, 60fr. of the Lollard Pelican is an addition to the
Schlumberger (G.), Le Tombeau d'une Imperatrice Assuming as proved that the seventy-two original scheme.
Byzantine, 2fr. 50.
stanzas without refrain did not form part of the One or two points of detail may be worth
History and Biography.
original poem, and that they belong to a period mentioning. Prof. Skeat may perhaps be right
Bire (E.), Les Dernieres Annees de Chateaubriand, 6fr.
Chuquet (A.), Etudes de Litterature AUemande, Series 2, much later than that of the author of the in thinking that 1. 434, "As lusty liveth as
3fr. 50. '
Creed,' we have to inquire whether the remain- Lamwall," refers to the King Lemuel {Lamuel,
Combes (L de). La Vraie Croix Perdue et Retrouvee, 6fr.
Lapauze (H.), Lettres Inedites de Mrae. de Genlis, 7fr. 50. ing stanzas are all by one writer, and what are Vulgate) of Prov. xxxi. Possibly, however, the
Laurie (A.), La Vie de College L'Oncle de Chicago, 3fr.
:
the dates of composition of the two or more allusion may be to the lavish use which Launfal
Molinier (A.), Les Sources de I'Histoire de France Part 1,
Section 2, Les Capetiens jusqu'en 1180, 5fr.
:
portions of which the piece as we have it (Lam well) made of the gold given him by his
Pougin (A.), La Comfidie Fran^aise et la Revolution, 4fr. consists. fairy bride. In 1. 1270, " And loked lovely as
Reynier (G.), La Vie Universitaire dans I'Ancienne Espagne,
f & an owle," perhaps "lovely" is altered from
3fr. 50. ,
It is, in the first place, clear (as Prof. Brandl
Schafer (B.), Beitrage zur Geschichte des spanischen Pro- lothdy. In 1. 1367 "wryteth" should surely
has already pointed out) that the prologue
testantismus, 3 vols. 30m. be uniteth; and the two preceding lines can
Tavernier (B.), Du Journalisme, 3fr. 50.
is a rather clumsy attempt to provide a quasi-
hardly have been intended to be part of the
Philology. Chaucerian framework for a piece that was cer-
Ludwich Pelican's speech in the preceding stanza.
(A.), Homeri Carmina, Part 1, Ilias, Vol. 1, 16m. tainly not originally written as a Canterbury
Weil (H.), Etudes de Litterature et de RythmiqueGrecques, He.vky Bradley.
6fr.
tale. The author, doubtless, did not intend it
Wessner (P.), Donati quod fertur Commentum Terenti, to be regarded as a portion of Chaucer's poem ;
Robin (A.), La Terre, 15fr. peared in your issue of last week, your readers
companions on a Canterbury pilgrimage. I
General Literature. may care to know the following facts. In
Hesitation Sentimentale, 3fr. 50. think there can be no doubt that the prologue
March, 1901, the committee issued a circular
Lavisse (Commandant), Sac au Dos, 12fr. belongs to the sixteenth century. It must, of
Poizat (A.), Le Pervers Sentimental, 3fr. 50. to the members of the library, stating that
course, be earlier than 1535, if the uncollated
Villeurs (J. de), Careme d'Amour, 3fr. 50. the catalogue was now "nearly ready," and
edition, of which a copy is said to be preserved
would be sent to press "before the summer
at Brit well, is correctly assigned to that year
'THE PLOWMAN'S TALK.' ;
vacation." In August, 1901, my cataloguer died,
in any case, it is not later than 1542, the date of
Oxford, Clarendon Press. leaving the catalogue unfinished. In spite of
the second edition of Thynne's Chaucer. Quite
In his edition of The Plowman's Tale (in
' this, the first pages of MS. were sent to the
possibly it may have been written by the person
'
'Chaucerian and other Pieces," 1897) Prof. printer in December, 1901. On February 1st,
who prepared the first edition for the press. have nowWe
Skeat maintained the view, already generally 1902, we were in working order.
Whether the interpolations above referred to press 560 pages (a large
accepted, that this piece was written by the printed and signed for
are by the author of the prologue is doubtful
same author as the alliterative Piers the ' octavo page in double columns). The catalogue
but, notwithstanding the writer's fairly suc-
Plowman's Creed,' which undoubtedly belongs will run to about 2,000 pages, and we are now
cessful endeavour after archaism, I do not see
to the last years of the fourteenth century. printing at the rate of eight pages per day,
I any difliculty in assigning them to the sixteenth
have recently become
convinced that the which we hope very shortly to increase to
century. Their tone is that of the beginnings
greater part of the poem should be assigned to twelve. C. Hagberg Wright,
of the Reformation movement it is not far
a much later date. I am not aware that the
;
Secretary and Librarian.
from the tone of the Lollard writings of the
correctness of the current hypothesis has fourteenth and the early fifteenth century, but
hitherto been publicly questioned. Prof, the evidence of language will not allow us to
Skeat, however, informs me that he has lonw date these stanzas so far back.
1
J
THE FIKBFLY IN ITALY. Egremont, brought it under the favourable relate exclusively to the fiutlior expedition
Oxford, July 1st, 1001'. notice of the Government in January, 1702.* against Martinitjue which had been planned in
Many readers of the Athena know their nm There are several inconsistencies and inaccu- February, 1761,
Italy well, and are familiar with one of the most racies discernible in this version of the matter, 'a most essential service wliicli if it succeeds it
charming and characteristic features of Southern and no trace of Knowles's correspondence with is not doubted will be followed with tlio immediate
summer nights I mean the hicciole, or, as they Chatham exists in the official or private collec- reduction of the neutr.vl islands of St. Lucia and
are fancifully called in Genoa, the chiare-belle tions in which it should have been noticed. It St. \incent and all the I'rencli islands of those
parts.""*
the myriads of fireflies whose pretty evolutions does not appear, however, that Knowles'.s repre-
one never tires ofwould be
watching. It sentations made much impression upon Chatham, But this is not the only evidence which
interesting to have from one of your scholarly whose own plan of campaign was probably exists for the solution of this interesting
contributors a confirmation, and if possible an drawn on a much larger scale. historical problem. The original instructions
explanation, of the curious fact that there is Next we have a class of contemporary evidence from Egremont to Amherst for the expedition
absolutely no mention of these fascinating little consisting of rumours and surmises. The con- to Havana, dated in January, 17<>2, support
creatures in all the writings of antiquity. No gratulations which were justly offered to the conclusion that the plan was conceived
insect, surely, could be more obvious to poetical Chatham on the Martinique and fall of its
subsequent to the declaration of war, and
notice so much so that one can hardly con- dependencies in the spring of 17G2 included therefore several months after Pitt's resigna-
in
ceive any poet omitting to speak of them yet ; most cases a reference to further successes in tion. From this document we learn that the
one searches in vain for any allusion to them in store for the English arms. This was doubtless king,
Theocritus and Anacreon, Ovid and Yirgil, and an expression of the general sentiment as to " having taken into his Koyal consideration the
(as far as I know) in every poetical writer alike the effect of an impulse which that "glorious most favourable and advisable schemes for making
of Greece and of Rome. an immediate and elfectual impression on the
administration had imparted to the whole
enemy, is of opinion that nothing can more essen-
have heard of two conjectures to account
I political machine, "t On the other hand, Sir tially contribute to that purpose than an attempt
for this silence one that the firefly has been
:
Richard Lyttelton observes that "Pitt's friends upon some of the Spanish colonies in the West
evolved from the greater heat of the soil of declare this [Martinique] is the last act of his Indies, and particularly a successful attack upon
modern Italy the other that it was an importa-
; administration that he is to derive any honour the Havana."!
tion into Europe from the New World, But from."; The same conclu.sion is indicated by an
in view of the well-known passage in the examination of the naval and military papers
Lord Chesterfield is a more important witness,
'
Inferno,' in which Dante makes his strange of the period. These, during the last months
for, as early as November, 1761, he records his
comparison of the fire-swathed spirits in the of Chatham's mini.stry, teem with minute
impression that "this war will be a great
eighth circle of hell to the Ivcciole, darting directions respecting the expeditions against
triumph to Mr. Pitt, and fully justify his plan of
hither and thither in a country valley, the latter Martinique and the Mauritius, without the
beginning with Spain first and having the first
hypothesis seems untenable. remotest reference to the plan of campaign
blow, which is often half the battle. " But this
A little more light on the matter would be is a solution which, though it finds favour with against the Spanish islands in their vicinity
appropriate to the subject and acceptable. which has been ascribed to the prescience
our authorities to this very day,|] is one that really
David O. Hixter-Blair. Again, the same official
begs the whole question. We know from many of that minister.
independent sources that Chatham and his archives clearly show that if any such
school did not take the Spanish power too seri- plan had been formed before October,
CHATHAM AND THE CAPTURE OF HAVANA ously, and that England's quarrel was with France 1761, its existence was unknown to Bute's
IN 17(52.
and not with the Due de Choiseul's puppets. ministry in December following. When
AMoyGST the many picturesque political tra- Indeed, speaking in Parliament at the very time war with Spain was at last declared, the
ditions of the eighteenth century few are more that Chesterfield was writing, defined Chatham Admiralty and War Office were hastily informed
familiar to us than that which has ascribed the his plan of campaign as pushing France every- that " the shortness of time makes it
inception of the successful expeditions against where, both in Europe and in the Plantations, impossible to point particularly which is the
Havana and Manila in the year 1762 to the and continuing these active operations unde- most effectual manner of annoying and dis-
genius of Chatham. This tradition has been terred by a war with Spain. [ It ia very evident tressing the enemy."! The Government, in fact,
accepted without question by the historians and that none of these gossips knew what Chatham's had got no further than to consider the chances
biographers of the period, yet, strange to say, plan of campaign against Spain really was, in favour of an attack on Cadi/., and the expe-
it has never been confirmed by any actual and in this very fact we have the key to the dition against Havana does not appear to have
evidence. It might, perhaps, be alleged that remarkable success which had attended the great been discussed before the month of January,
the fact was notorious at the time, and that, in minister's naval and military operations in other 1762.
any case, it may be reasonably inferred from quarters. It is true that this evidence is chiefly negative,
the character of Chatham's acknowledged plan of and not wholly exhaustive, but at least it
It is, indeed, difficult to avoid the conclusion
campaign for the preceding years. But this is suffices to support a prima facie case against
that the secret expedition which was prepared
not evidence. The only piece of direct evidence the prevailing historical tradition.
at the close of Chatham's ministry against the
which appears to be immediately available in The real importance of the point lies in the
French West India islands was connected in the
support of this tradition is found in a private departure from Chatham's colonial policy which
public mind with the minister's open denuncia-
letter from Temple to Chatham,* congratulating the expedition against Havana involved, and
tions of Spain, and that it has also to some
him on the capture of Havana. in its unfortunate results upon the already
extent been confused by modern writers with
Unfortunately, the value of this evidence ia overtaxed loyalty of the American colonies.
the operations of the following year against the
somewhat impaired by the fact that Temple That Chatham himself had entertained the
Spanish colonies. This, of course, is a complete
also congratulated Egremont on the same happy idea of an attack upon the western Spanish
misconception of the matter. The official records but there are
event, and that the latter complacently ac- colonies we can well belie\ e ;
is also responsible for a version of the matter which must be considered by the light of a
three years, and in the meantime England
which at least bears an air of probability. wholly distinct series of documentary sources.
found herself on the brink of war with Spain
According to this version Admiral Sir Charles This is a subject which also presents numerous
and Pitt was driven from power. find, We difficulties, but until some sort of case in
Knowles was the originator of the plan for the
however, that the minister's last instructions
capture of Havana. This plan he communicated support of the received tradition concerning
to Amherst at the end of September, 1761,
to Chatham, who is believed to have laid it the conquest of Havana has been made out, it
before the Council in September, 1701. Sub- may suffice to question Chatham's real responsi-
M.
bility for either of these ill - advised and
//,id., I. 36, rw, 87,
sequently Knowles's MS. is .stated to have come t Greiiville Corr., I. 487.
into the possession of the Duke of Cumberland, I Chatbnm Corr., 11. 17<. unfortunate adventures.
who, assisted by Lord Anson and the Earl of 5 Ibid., ii. 1.^7.
Duke . . ^ ..
o( Grafton,
,
I Anson, '
Memoirs of the p. xlv.
rhid.,n.
"
Chatham Corr., 169.il.
Pringle MSS., No. 61. Americnn HUtoricnl lievieu; v. 659, .7.
.3 Oct., 1762.
trench Colonial omce. A.W.F.. 77. A<lm. Sec. of SUte. Deom-
t Grenvllle Corr., i. 488. It An cxi.fdltion waa aIo planne<l against the I
This statement is inaccurate as to the books 21. The Courier, January 19th, 1814. A long Scene iv., Beatrice Cenci and Clement VIIL,'
'
letter signed Calvus. was also printed in the Keepmhe for 1851.
having been given by the widow to a local
literary institution. The facts are as follows. Landor here describes Buonaparte as "this 37. Fraser's Magazine, February, 1852. ' Dialogue
vulgar liar and coarse-featured hypocrite, whose between John Dryilen and Henry Purcell in the
On the death of Clare the late Mr. John Taylor, year 1691 on the subject of their forthcoming " Dra-
of Northampton a noted local antiquarian
flippancy of style betrays him, under all the
quotations from the poets and historians, with
,
accompanied by the late Mr. G. J. De Wilde, at Not reprinted. I am told that Landor was
that time editor of the Nortliampfon Mercnnj,
which Cambac^res and Le Brun have bolstered
the author of this dialogue by his great-nephew,
and myself, visited Mrs. Clare (the widow), and up his ignorance."
Not reprinted. Mr. Freke Guy Duke.
Mr. Taylor purchased from her all Clare's books, 38.Franer's Magazine, February, 185G. Letter,
bookcase, and other relics of the poet, and 22. The
Courier, April 21st, 1814. A letter signed
'On Orthography. To the Rev. Augustus Jessopp.'
Calvus, on Buonaparte's abdication.
removed them to his own residence at North- Not reprinted.
" The island of Caprea," Calvus writes, " was
ampton, where he had already collected many
.39. The Keepsake for 1853. ' Verses to Mdlle.
souvenirs of the poet. Some time afterwards a paradise of innocence to Tiberius, in com-
Luisina de Sodre (not composed, but imagined in
Mr. Taylor, wishing the books to be secured parison with what the island of Elba will be to
the Bath Rooms),' beginning :
in perpetuity for the town of North- the groveling and tortuous and restless Buona- A generation's faded skirts have swept.
ampton, offered to sell them to the museum parte." This letter is referred to by Southey. Mile, de Sodre was Linthe's granddaughter.
authorities, and a committee was appointed, See ' Selections from the Letters of R. Southey,' Reprinted 'Last Fruit,' 468.
of which I was honorary secretary, and I, ed. Warter, 1856, ii. 350.
40. Tribune (Newcastle, edited by
2'he JVorthern
by circular and personal solicitation, collected Not reprinted. W. Linton), June, 1854, p. 207.' To the Children
J.
a sum of money with which the books, &c., 2.3. Letter from Mr. Landor to Mr. Jervis.'
'
of Garibaldi,' verses beginning :
were purchased, and on behalf of the sub- Dated Bath, May 10th, 1814. Children be not too proud, altho the man.
1
scribers presented to the museum committee Quoted in Forster's * Landor, a Biography, Also printed in the Examiner, 6th, May
in trust to be preserved in the Northampton 1869, i. 401. There is a copy of the letter in the 1854, reprinted 'Dry Sticks,' 37, and
and
Museum for the benefit of the town and county Forster Library, South Kensington. '
Works,' 1876, viii. 297.
for ever. I find that the present library com- 24. ' Sponsalia Polyxenre,' Pistojii, 1819. 41. The English Republic, ed. by W. J. Linton,
mittee have decided to sell some of the most See Forster's '
Biography,' i. 456. Reprinted 1854, p. 380, verses on the capture of Sebastopol
beginning
valuable books and devote the money to pur- Poemata :
in '
et Inscriptiones, novis auxit
Sebastopol is won Deplore all 1
chasing books for the reference library. Savagius Landor,' 1847, p. 11. Inmates of Windsor and Balmoral.
To all bibliophiles it must be clear that the 25. In La Petite Chouannerie, ou Histoire d'un
'
Not reprinted.
most appropriate place for the books to be pre- College Breton sous PEmpire,' par A. P. Eio ;
42. London Review, August
The 11th, I860.
served is the museum in the principal town Londres Moxon, 1842, on p. 294 et se/j., a long poem
:
Letters to Kossuth and Garibaldi.
of the county in which the poet was born, and beginning :
Cities but rarely are the haunts of men. Not reprinted.
I am glad to know that energetic efforts are in
Not reprinted. 43. The London Rt'visw, September 22Qd, 18G0.
progress to prevent such a piece of vandalism Imaginary Conversation, Savonarola and the Prior '
and breach of trust being perpetrated efforts 2G. Hood's Magazine, March, 184.5. Imaginary of San Marco.'
Conversation, 'Dante and Beatrice.'
which, I hope, will be successful. The conversation, as here printed, differs
Wm. Warren. Reprinted' Works,' 1846, ii. 152, and' Works,'
slightly from the version given in ' Letters, &c.,
1876, v. 249.
of W. S. Landor,' 1897.
27. Hood's Magazine, Ai)v\\, 1845. Verses, 'The 44. Savonarola e 11 Priore di San Marco,'
BBLLBNDEN'S SCOTS TRANSLATION OF LIVY. Praj'er of the Bees for Alciphron,' beginning :
'
of a new edition by Mr. W. A. Oraigie of John 1876, viii. 82. A of Landor's contributions to
complete list
Bellenden's Scots translation of Livy, made for 28.Hood's Magazine, April, 1845. To Major- '
the Examiner and the Atlas, and of a few stray
James V. in 1533. Mr. Craigie and others may General William Napier,' verses beginning : pieces printed elsewhere, still remains to be
be interested to learn that some fragments of Napier! take up anew tliy pen. given. S. W.
the original MS. have recently been recovered Reprinted 'Works,' 1846, ii. 671; 'Works,'
in a curious way. Three months ago the well- 1876, viii. 148.
known Scots bibliophil Mr. George Reid 29. The People's Journal (ed. John Saunders), Hiterarg ossip.
brought to me some MS. leaves which had been Jan. 16th, 1847. 'The Descent of Orpheus,' verses
taken from the old binding of a book printed beginning :
Messrs. Longhan are publishing a new
at Edinburgh in 1537 and my colleague Mr.
;
The shell assuaged his sorrows thee he sang. ; book by Mr. Andrew Lang, entitled
Gilson, to whom I handed them over for exa- This translation from Virgil, 'Georg.' iv. 464, 'James VI. and the Gowrie Mystery,'
et seq., was written in 1794. Also printed in the
mination, speedily identified their contents as which considers, from contemporary manu-
belonging to Bellenden's work. They comprise Examiner, Oct. 16th, 1841, and reprinted
scripts hitherto unpublished, the unsolved
Book 'Works,' 1876, viii. 290.
i. ch. 5-14, 16-21, and Book iii. problem of the " Gowrie Conspiracy" and its
ch. 1-5, fragments of ch. 9-11 and 30. ? 1849. '
Statement of occurrences at Llanbedr.' Logan of Eestalrig in
By Walter Savage Landor. Printed by Meyler and
sequel in the affair of
ch. 15-18, a portion of ch. 5, 6, of Book i.,
partly filling a lacuna in the Advocates' Son, Herald oflioe, Bath. 1608-9. One factor inproblem is the
Library copy, from which Lord Dundrennan There is a copy in the Forster Library, South definitely settled, and the author trusts that
printed the text in 1822. They are corrected Kensington, he has demonstrated the innocence of the
drafts, and from the nature of the corrections Leigh Hunt's Journal, Feb. 15th, 1851.
31. king. Reproductions of handwriting, por-
and from other indications some portions are 'Poemetti Beginning of the Iliad.' i'our verses: various pictures of notable houses
:
traits, and
Sing thou the anger of Achilles, Muse, &c.
evidently in the translator's autograph, though are included.
we have none of his writing here with which to Not reprinted.
compare them. The discovery is not, perhaps, 32.Leigh Hunt's Journal, March 29th, 1851. They are also publishing The Principles '
In this estimate we cannot but think that he is canal without locks. For a canal with locks he
SCIENCE over-sanguine, though, no doubt, the improved admitted the Nicaragua route to have great
means of underground ventilation now in use advantages. As for the comparative merits of
RECENT rUBLIOATIONS. would enable engineers to cope with considerably the two routes, the author points out the advan-
The Deep-Level Mines of the Band and tfieir greater heat. Pumping will also receive tage of the Nicaragua route for vessels sailing
Future Development, considered from the Com- anxious attention, but excessive water troubles from the Atlantic ports of the United States to
mercial P(>i)it of Vicu\ By G. A. Denny. are fortunately exceptional in the deeper Rand every part of the Pacific except the west coast
(Crosby Lock wood & Son.) But a few years mines. In a mine such as that above con-
templated Mr. Denny alloM'S 107,200L for
of South America. This to an American
naturally a weighty recommendation. The author
ia
glomerates are in fact themselves the gold ore, over 5s. per ton, and will be due to reduction in the increasing size of modern ves.=els and the
and as they are thin and dip at high angles wages (both of white and native workmen) and consequent necessity of greater depth and
they occupy very narrow strips of the surface. in the price of materials and stores, dynamite, solidity of work through the entire length of
Workings situated on or close to the more and coal. The value of Mr. Denny's work the canal. The author disclaims for his book
valuable of these surface bands are styled the depends largely upon the simple way in which all literary merit, but his style is throughout
Outcrop Mines. The next group of claims will, all his propositions are stated, on the methodical clear and vigorous, neither bald nor redundant.
of course, contain no outcrop of the banket, and arrangement of his complicated facts, and on A couple of extracts, we think, will bear out
can only meet with it as it passes southward the excellently constructed tables, by means of this criticism. Here is an account of a night in
from the boundary of the first claims at a depth which most of the conclusions which he wishes the forest :
varying with the amount of the dip, but always to enforce are impressed upon his readers at a " We
cleared out the underbrush, leaving the large
considerable. Mines so situated belong to the glance. His book is sound and extremely sug- trees for shade, and the forest around us, always
gestive, and, at this critical moment in the rustling in the ever present breath of the trades,
"First Row of Deep-Level Mines "; those still A tiny thread
history of South African mining, deserves careful shut us in like a green wall.
further south constitute the " Second Row," of water, winding along the stony bed of the river's
and are deeper still; whilst the " Third Row study.
gorge and connecting clear, deep pools where one
of Deep-Levels " will consist of mines which Ocean to Ocean. By J. W. G. Walker, U.S.N. might bathe at will, furnished an abundant supply
of drinking water, and to it came all the beasts of
cannot hope to meet with the auriferous layers (Chicago, McClurg & Co.) Within the moderate the forest every night. Pumas crept with stealthy
at depths much short of 6,000 feet. Now the compass of 280 slight pages the reader of this steps to old familiar pools, and deer, which through
average cost of developing a mine in First Row volume will find not only a clear account, free the heat of the day had lain concealed in shady
is given as 590, 000^., the dearest and cheapest from engineering technicalities, of the various brakes, ventured forth as daylight died, to drink
being 813,000L and 459,000L respectively. schemes for an inter- oceanic Nicaraguan Canal, and browse till dawn. All through the night, while
The schedule of capital expenditure of one of the moon sailed by above us, we heard strange
with the alterations in detail suggested by suc-
the "Third Row," or deepest, mines affords an noises from the sombre depths of the woods, and
cessive Commissions he will also gain a clear
;
doubtless wild eyes glared at us, as their owners
excellent insight into the magnitude of such conception of the general features of the sur- wondered what strange beings had invaded the
undertakings. But assume the depth of the rounding region, while the pleasures and draw- privacy of their domains. It was not until the
stratum of conglomerate to be 6,000 feet, two backs of rough travelling in the Tropics are Southern Cross bad set and the cook's fire had
preliminary diamond drill holes would cost begun to crackle and throw dancing shadows on the
vividly compared, the author's sense of the
27,000L two vertical shafts would come to wall of green around us that the forest world was
;
beauties of nature and a certain cheery philo- still and then the eastern sky brightened to a pallid
;
nearly half a million (say, 480.000?.) ; two sophy outweighing the assaults of ticks, fleas gray, and we tumbled out to breakfast and another
shorter incline shafts would cost 5O,O0OL ;
and red-bugs, wasps and ants, and of a vegetable day's hard work."
160,000Z. would be needed to develope the mine
enemy besides :
Again :
of 997,000L which must be spent before the and hands, and even penetrated our clothing, burn- great banks of vapor rolled over the encircling hills,
mine can be brought to the producing stage, ing like fire and producing an almost uncontrollable filling the valley with a sea of mist from darkening
;
and it would take six or seven years to reach desire to scratch, than which nothing could be more clouds the lightning flashed and thunder roared ;
that stage that is, if all went well.
injurious." the giants of the forest groaned and creaked
It is a
before the rising blast, which bent young saplings
point in favour of enterprise entailing such an Drenched tents and beds are perhaps more almost to the earth and stripped them of their
enormous outlay that banket deposits such as easily borne when recourse can be had for leaves and then the rain began, the stinging drops
;
the "Main Reef" of the Rand are much more waterproofing to the nearest indiarubber tree. flying like missiles from an unseen sling to rattle in
constant as to the percentage of gold which they the foliage overhead or to rebound in spray from
The least interesting chapter, though adding to
contain than are ordinary quartz reefs of other the unsheltered surface of the trail. Thus Nature's
the completeness of the work, deals with the
varying moods became familiar to us, and, as we
regions. This constancy is, however, as Mr. history from the early Spanish days. The learned to know her better, discomforts dwindled
Denny very clearly shows, only relative. The writer's sympathies are somewhat anti-British, into nothingness, and isolation seemed no hardship."
banket may be divided into zones comparatively but as the Udaller in The Pirate has it, "There a few words which we
'
bottom, owing to conduction of heat from the technique Cours d'Astronomie Nauti(]ue
' ' '
interior of the lithosphere," or subterranean Physical. J^ii'ie 20. Prof. H. P. Thompson, '
;
of CkaiJes Viincin, by his son Francis Darwin, Mechanical Equivalent of Heat.' The Society then torial last winter.
which is prefaced by an admirable portrait. adjourned until October 24th. Du. PuLFRicH, of .Jena, whilst examining with
The reprint of these books at so moderate a the stereo-comparator (a contrivance which is
price is a great boon. We hope it may induce MKETINQS NEXT WEEK. applied to photographic plates in the manner of
other publishers who hold copyrights of general Wl.D. rolk-lore, 8.' The Origin ol Totemlsm,' Mr. A. Lanp. a stereoscope) some photographs taken by Prof.
importance to treat the public to cheaper issues Max Wolf, of Heidelberg, on .June 9th and 10th,
more generously. 1899, of a part of the sky in Ophiuchus, near
the position of Saturn at that time, noticed that
SOCIETIES. a small planet was registered on those plates
Jidy Mr. '
Response in the Living and Non-living,' which had hitherto been overlooked on account
Arch^ological Institute. 2.
Emauuel Green, V.P., iu the chair. Mr. F. Norniau by Prof. J. C. Bose, will be published immedi- of its great faintness, it being not much brighter
read a paper on 'Exchequer Annuit)' Tallies.' After ately by Me.s8rs. Longman. This volume than the thirteenth magnitude.
mentioning that the origin of tallies is a point of describes experimental investigations on animal,
extreme doubt, he suggested that they were intro- vegetable, and inorganic substances regarding
duced as a part of the system of the Exchequer
from Normandy soon after the Conquest. When
their response to stimulus. The author con- FINE ARTS
their use was established in this country tallies cludes that the phenomena of response in the
" living " have been foreshadowed in the "non-
became general in matters of account, not only in
the Exche(iuer, but among merchants and traders.
A Description of the Sketch - Book of Sir
living."
r>y the end of the fourteenth century they Aiithony Van Di/ck, used by him in Italy,
went out of fashion for ordinary mercantile
Owens College, Manchester,* which has 1621-1627, and preserved in the Collection
transactions, but Government, always conservative recently been recognized by a Parliamentary
of the Duke of Devonshire, K.G., at Chats-
in such matters, continued to employ them till Paper as the strongest of the provincial colleges,
17S2, when they were abolished by Act of Parlia- is starting courses in mining. Students are to
worth. By Lionel Gust, (Bell & Sons.)
ment. Their use, however, did not entirely cease
fill 182i;, on the death of the last Chamberlain of
be instructed at the various local centres for By the publication of Van Dyck's sketch-
the first two years, and for the last two at the book Mr. Lionel Cust has rendered a real
the E.Kchequer, and an attempt to get rid of the
great accumulation of them by burning them in the College, service to students of art. indeed, of It is,
stoves at Westminster caused the fire which destroyed Dr. J. G. Garson has succeeded the late
the Houses of Parliament in 1834. A description
unusual importance not only for the under-
Mr. Griffith as Assistant-Secretary of the British standing of Van Dyck, but also as a record
of the ordinary form and notches of a tally fol-
lowed, and an account was then given of a large Association. His special department of research
of Italian paintings of the Cinquecento, as
number of tallies found last year at Martin's Bank, is anthropometry. For many years he was
they appeared to a singularly appreciative
formerly the "Grasshopper," in Lombard Street, associated with the late Sir W, Flower in the
and of the documents associated with them, which connoisseur in the great galleries of
curatorship of the museum of the Royal College
showed that they recorded the transactions relating of Surgeons, and for a long time past has been Eome, Venice, and Genoa a century after
to certain terminable annuities granted under an
Act "for continuing an additional subsidy of ton- engaged by the Home Office to develope their production. As regards our under-
nage and poundage, and certain duties upon coals, a scientific system for the identification of standing of Van Dyck, the sketch-book
culm, and cinders, and additional duties of excise, criminals. emphasizes what is, of course, sufliciently
and for settling and establishing a fund thereby,
and by other ways and means, for payment of Mr. Henry Vignaud, first secretary of the evident from the study of his paintings,
annuities to be sold for raising a further supply to United States Embassy at Paris, intends shortly more especially his religious composi-
her Majesty for the service of the year one thousand
seven hundred and six." The annuities were for
to publish an enlarged English version of La '
tions
namely, the fact of his intense
Lettre et la Carte de Toscanelli' (Paris, Leroux). admiration for and deliberate assimilation
t*9 years, and were granted at the rate of l.j.">/. He promises additional documents and argu-
purchase money for each lOl. annuity, or at the of Titian's princij)le8 of composition. "Wo
ments in support of his contention that Tos-
rate of 15i years' purchase. The varying prices see in the pages of this sketch-book how
at which they were afterwards sold appeared to be canelli never wrote the famous letter in which
he proposed that the "East should be discovered deeply concerned he was with Titian's
of special interest. The complete set of tallies and
documents relating to one annuity of KV. was ex- by the West." These additions, the author art, to such an extent, indeed, that in
hibited. Other line specimens of tallies had been believes, will meet the very weighty reasons spite of the flowing contours of seven-
borrowed from friends for the occasion. Prof.
Bunnell Lewis read a paper on The Roman Arches
which have been put forward in refutation of teenth-century art
the essentials of his
at Aosta and Susa,' and, by way of introduc- this startling theory by such competent judges composition, the triangular building up
tion, gave some account of the circumstances that as M, Gallois, Prof, H. Wagner, and Prof. S. of masses, every gesture of his Madonnas,
led to their erection. Julius Ciesar rendered the Ruge. clearly recall the work of the ^'enetian
greatest service to his country by subjugating Trans-
Alpine Gaul. Augustus completed his work by
We note the appearance of the Report of the master. He carried over from his Flem-
subduing the Sub-Alpine tribes on the Italian Army Medical Department for the year 1900 ish training the use of a more liquid
frontier, and the arches permanently commemorate (l.s. 6'/.) and a Report of Proceedings under
;
medium, a tendency to draw in paint
his successful campaign. The one at Aosta consists the Diseases of Animals Acts, 1001, issued by
of a single vault with Corinthian columns at the rather than to model, as Titian did and
the Board of Agriculture and Technical In-
;
appear as Kubens under his transfiguring now obliterated by repainting but the
;
ever, impossible to speak so highly of the
hand. But Van Dyck, with his self- con- general position and design of this figure manner in which Mr. Huddilston has performed
the somewhat difhcult task which he has set
sciousness and his scholarly appreciation of can still be traced in the Dresden picture,
His object is to interest the classical
the older masters an appreciation undis- and they do not at all correspond with
himself.
student and the educated reader in Greek vases
turbed by the current of a strong original those of the sleeping cupids in this sketch. by showing how much light they throw on the
impulse reproduces precisely the character We must, therefore, conclude that it is a history, on the religion and mythology, on the
of his archetypes. Wherever we can test sketch from some lost picture either by life and the literature of the Greeks but ;
them these sketches discover a fidelity that Giorgione or the youthful Titian. in attempting to do this within the limits of
is positively marvellous. Being hurried On the other hand, Mr. Oust has not a hundred pages he is necessarily reduced to
memoranda done for his own personal use, identified the sketch of a recumbent Venus summaries which will not, it is to be feared,
they are not, of course, minutely or labor- (c) of plate xli. with Titian's Venus in the
leave much impression on the minds of those
not already familiar with Greek vases. A more
iously accurate the proportions, for instance, Uffizi, although here the many minute
satisfactory model for a popular work on Greek
;
forms of classical draughtsmanship, and his "monster like a basilisk ": it is, we think, proscenium and provenience, are misapplied.
outline sketch might almost be a tracing like the other drawings on the same page, The chronology, too, is somewhat erratic. Thus
from a Greek vase painting. When he a sketch of an ostrich, in this case sitting the vases found at Naucratis, which belong
treats Titian he follows so closely the down and seen from the front with the head mostly to the sixth century, are spoken of in
master he understood best, that we can tell and legs sharply foreshortened. one place as " antedating Homer by centuries,"
at a glance, even when the original is lost, An interesting point arises with regard to in another as "belonging to the eighth and
whether it was an early or a late work that seventh centuries B.C."; and the earliest use of
the sketch of Salome with the head of John
writing in Greece is variously assigned to the
he had before him. In cases where we the Baptist, plate xxxvi. Here the gesture seventh century B.C. and to a time not much
know the originals particularly in later of Salome is almost identical with that in before the eighth. In this last case one cannot
works such as the Education of Cupid
'
the well-known picture of the Doria Gallery say that either view is incorrect, but it is con-
of the Borghese Q-allery his
rough but the composition differs by the introduc-
;
caught with two hurried lines of the pen in the mosaic found there is to be dated not
reduced and modified replica ?
and a dab of bistre the peculiar feeling of 187-186 B.C., but 186-87 b.c, an interval not
It is remarkable how large a number of
of one year, but of a hundred. By far the most
Titian's later manner, as seen in the draw-
pictures by Titian some of them evidently
useful part of the book is the bibliography,
ing of an arm, the massive modelling of the
important ones which we find noted in this which occupies forty pages, and is likely to
upper part, the slightly indicated articula- book, remain unidentified. Not the least prove extremely convenient to students, A
tions, and the fineness of the tapering extremi- value of such a publication as the present selection from so vast a mass of literature must
ties. To this sketch he has added two lies in the hope that by its means some always be open to some difference of opinion,
legends which complete the impression of hitherto lost works of the master may be but little that is of real importance seems to
the original :the word " rosso " in the sky rediscovered. Erom this point of view, we have been overlooked, though a few of the older
and "quel admirabil petto" of Venus's publications quoted are of historical rather than
regret that Mr. Oust did not see his way to
foremost attendant. practical value. Mr. Huddilston has before
reproducing, if in a less sumptuous and contributions to our knowledge
In the explanatory notes Mr. Oust has made valuable
expensive manner, the remaining drawings of the relation of vases to literature.
traced the originals of a great number of of the sketch-book. Doubtless he has chosen
the sketches. In one case, that of a re- those of the greatest artistic merit, but, as A Hiatoni and Description of Chinese Porce-
clining nude with three cupids and a lain. By Cosmo Monkhouse, With Notes by
a record, every scrap of the book is of interest C.M.G. & Co.)The
landscape background, plate xlv., he has S. W. Bushell, (Cassell
to students. Monkhouse had the advantage of
suggested that we have a late Mr.
copy of In his preface Mr. Gust describes the possessing a genuine artistic perception that
Giorgione's Venus at Dresden, and that curious history of the sketch-book. It was, which is inborn and not to be acquired. But
this indicates the original composition. In a few years ago, purchased by Mr. H. E. he had also acquired the habit of mastering what
view of the astonishing accuracy, as regards Cook, but on its being recognized as identi- was known relating to his subject before he
essentials of movement and design, which cal with a sketch-book that had mysteriously attempted to expound its resthetic qualities.
distinguishes these sketches wherever we can disappeared from the Chatsworth collection Thus, while making no pretensions to infalli-
still test them, we think this suggestion bility, and without any tinge of professional
is about a century before, he courteously
inadmissible. We
believe that any artist dogmatism, he inspired a confidence in his taste
waived his claims to its possession.
would at once allow that we have here two and judgment which the reader felt were not
based on mere personal opinion. He had, as
distinct, though somewhat kindred motives
was only natural, his predilections for certain
in the treatment of the nude figure so those wherein refinement of
;
forms of art,
N''3898, July 12, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 69
execution was juined to high technical pro- are in colour and others in black and white. The racial names here given, if correctly dis-
ticiency being the kind which evidently claimed Many of the former, wherein one object alone tributed, will surprise many
ethnologists for. ;
hia most cherished regard. Hence the subject is displayed on the page and without a back- while daughter
the of the "heretic king"
of the volume before us was one on which he ground, are charming. The delicate tints of Khuenaten appears with the receding fore-
was ever ready to dilate. Mr. Monkhouse had the originals are rendered with a truth and head and blubber lips of a low negro tj'[)e, the
previously treated the theme of Chinese ceramic refinement which are not always found in illus- Semite has a high nose and prognathous develop-
art in journalistic notices(if we are not mistaken), trations of this class. Those in which several ment, and the Libyan a bridgele.ss noso and
and more fully in two gracefully written essays objects are combined in a group are not so Mongolian eyes. A charming set of Alexandrian
prefatory to the catalogues of the exhibitions of successful, the vases being cut out on a dark bronze coins, shown by IVIr. J. G. Milne, also
Chinese porcelain held a few years ago at the background, unpleasant in colour, and detri- attract attention by their excellent preservation
Burlington Fine-Arts Club. These articles, mental to the chromatic effect of the soft and artistic modelling.
evincing a wide acquaintance with the countless translucent glazes characteristic of Chinese
variations of the art of the Chinese potter, estab- porcelain. The selection of the objects illus-
lished their writer's reputation as a discriminating trated in black and white was, on the author's SALES.
critic of exceptionally acute perception. It decease, entrusted to Dr. Bushell needless
; The
sale of pictures at Messrs. Christie's last
certainly required a well-trained eye to appre- to say that the choice is from every point of Saturday was notable for the price fetched by
ciate the delicate chromatic effects arrived at by view judicious, but here also the examples Romney's portrait of Lady Morshead viz.,
ingenious combinations of technical procedure suffer from being, in the majority of instances, 4,305L while two portraits by Raeburn fetched
;
such as could only be conceived by the subtle sharply projected on opaque black grounds. over l,300^ each. Sir T. Lawrence, E. J.
Chinese brain and probably could only be mani- If any background is given, it should, for Blamire, 1521. Portraits of Two
; Young
pulated by the marvellous Chinese hand. It delicate objects of this kind, be of the palest Ladies, in white dresses and red cloaks, ll.jZ. ;
was on these niceties and refinements that Mr. possible tint ;as it is, both the work of art Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester, (J51L ;
Monkhouse loved to dwell indeed, his delight
; and the artistic appearance of the page have Mrs. Siddons as Diana, 13G/. Portrait of ;
in their intricate details would almost justify been sacrificed for the sake of vulgar realistic a Young Lady, in white dress, seated, 2731.
the conclusion that he had inherited something effect. It would have been more convenient J. Hoppner, Robert Southey, 105/. Dutch
of the faculty of Hsiang Yuan-p'ien, styled for the reader if the descriptions of the vases School, A Triptych, a gentleman and his
Tzu-ching, the sixteenth - century scribe and illustrated in black and white had been printed wife on either wing, 714^ G. Morland,
I painter whose catalogue of a collection of below their representations instead of being A Water -Mill, 241L Interior of a Stable, ;
Chinese porcelain has been translated by Dr. collected in a list at the end of the volume, the 1151. J. van Ravestein, Maria van Gogh,
Bushell. Thus it followed that when the official descriptions there nob giving the page where 357J. Sir H. Raeburn, Mary and Grace
career of Mr. Monkhouse closed, the first the illustration is to be found. It would like- Murray, oiGl. Portrait of a Lady (supposed
;
subject to which he devoted his attention was a wise have facilitated reference to the illustra- to be Lady Raeburn), seated under a tree,
history of the art which as collector and critic tions (which are all on separate pages) if, in 1,365L Portrait of a Child, with a basket of
;
he so well understood. It is touching to think place of being sprinkled about the book, they cherries, seated in a landscape, 1,312L J. F,
that, although the desire of his heart was in part had been bound together at the end, after the Herring, sen.. The Edinburgh Mail-Coach, lo7l.
accomplished, he died leaving his work still in ordinary manner of archjeological publications. F. Cotes, Mrs. Delme, 1201. J. B. Greuze,
manuscript. With characteristic modesty Mr. There is no index. It may be taken for cer- Head of a Young Girl, in white drapery, 2101.
Monkhouse referred in his Introduction to the tain that these and other shortcomings would Halle', Cupids Sporting (a pair), 202/. Van
"compilation of this little handbook," and have been corrected had Mr. Monkhouse him- Orley, A
Triptych, with the Adoration of the
in using the term he was strictly accurate, self seen the volume through the press. On Magi, 189/. Hans Memling, The Virgin, in
since the historical section of the book is its merits it should reach a second edition, in crimson cloak, holding the Saviour in her
tiken from already published sources. But which event these lapses, probably due to hasty arms, 1,134/. Romney, Chief Justice James
the historic notice of the art here set forth is publication, may be remedied. Mingay, 231/. Portrait of a Young (rentleman,
;
more than mere compilation. It is a carefully in dark dress and white stock, 325/. F. Bol,
arranged abstract of the various native accounts Portrait of a Gentleman, in black, holding his
of the manufacture of Chinese porcelain which EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES AT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. gloves, 105/. J. van Goyen, The Mouth of a
have been translated into European languages, The yearly exhibition of the results of the Dutch River, 115/.
giving also the corrections of the earlier texts past season's work of the Egypt Exploration Messrs. Christie sold on the 7th inst. the
made by later writers. The reader is thus pre- Fund and its associated bodies is now being following drawings W. Hunt, Purple Grapes,
:
sented with what is at present known of the held in Gower Street, and will remain open till Apricots, and Plums, 84/.; Apple Blossom and
history of the art in compendious form, in- the 26th inst. The objects found by Prof. Birds' Nest, 115/. P. De Wint, The Barley
teresting in itself, and indispensable to the Petrie at Abydos hold, of course, an important Harvest, 1G2/. T. Rowlandson, Going in to
collector desirous of comprehending the aims place there, but either because he has surfeited Church, 51/. S. Read, Milan Cathedral, 781.
and intentions of generations of ingenious and us with marvels in former years or because the Constable's picture, A Landscape, with wood-
inventive ceramic artists who were inspired by Gizeh Museum has annexed the best of his dis- man, fetched 105/.
ideals so widely differing from those of our coveries, we find his exhibit less interesting On the same day Messrs. Christie sold a
Western civilization. Having traced the history than usual. It contains, however, two undis- Limoges enamel deep plate, painted by Susanna
of porcelain during successive dynasties down to turbed graves, here roughly but sufficiently Court to illustrate Genesis xxvi. , fur 75G/.
recent years, the author proceeds, in the second reproduced in woodwork, each containing a
and larger portion of the work, to describe the skeleton in a sleeping position, and surrounded
different wares, so far as is possible, in their by jars and vases once filled with the food con-
chronological sequence. Herein he displays the sidered necessary for the dead. The attitude is to view
Last Monday the press were invited
same faculty of clear definition of which he had that shown by the Neolithic mummy in the First at Messrs. Henry Graves Co.'s gallery por-
vt
iven proof in his earlier studies on the subject. Egyptian Room of the British Museum, but the traits and ideal heads by Mr. Carl J. Blenner,
The artistic qualities of the many and diverse hands and feet are wanting in both the present They are also showing portraits
of New York.
classes of the art receive due recognition. None examples. This is curious, in view of the fact of the Prince and Princess of Wales, by Mr.
of their special beauties is missed, nor do we that these are the parts most esteemed by Horace van Ruith, destined for the Government
nd that unmeasured eulogy in which the modern cannibals, but Prof. Petrie considers House, IMauritius.
enthusiastic collector of blue and white or that both graves are to be dated during the
crackled celadon sometimes indulges. Mr Monk- Some interesting statistics have been published
.
earlier reigns of the first dynasty, and that this
respecting the two French Salons which have just
house did not, however, confine his attention to and other facts show no break to have occurred The Society des Artistes Franvais the
closed.
the artistic quality of the wares alone he had; between the prehistoric and historic settlements
original Salon has taken 328,000 francs at the
also studied the technical methods of the Chinese at Abydos. Other interesting objects in this
turnstiles, as against the 2(il,801 francs received
potters, and was thus able to afford his readers exhibit are some pottery fireplaces in the shape
much useful information which is particularly last year. The rival Salon, the SociuU' Nationalo
of a coiled serpent, and some worked flints with
des Beaux-Arts, of which the complete statistics
necessary in forming a just estimate of the age serrated edges which seem to have been used as
are not yet issued, has been visited by 138,487
and authenticity of wares purporting to have combs. Among Dr. Grenfell and Dr. Hunt's
paying visitors, and the receiiits are said to be
been produced during a famous dynasty, but exhibits from the Fayfim are some portrait
appreciably higher than in the previous years.
which are too frequently impudent modern mummy-cases of Roman or Byzantine times
On varnishingday over <;,(KX) persons pa.ssed the
forgeries. The book will, therefore, have a which are well worth notice. They are evidently
turnstiles, and on Sunday, April 27th, the num-
substantial value both as a work of reference lifelike likenesses, yet the dark-complexioned,
ber of visitors reached 12,000.
and as a trusted guide to the collector, to wh(jm curly-haired heads of Jewish-looking men they
it offers sound advice and practical hints which exhibit are as far removed as possible from the The sale of the remaining works in London
may assist his judgment in determining the ethnic type of the Greek soldiers who first of a distinguished and essentially French artist
will be
is a very pleasant innovation, and
it
quality or genuineness of pieces he may think colonized the Fayum. In the same connexion
interesting to note the result of the exneriment
of acquiring. we may mention some drawings from Tell el-
A word as Amarna, exhibited by the Archftjoh.gical Survey. at Messrs. Christie's rooms on Saturday ricxt,
to the illustrations, of which some
: " ^:
late M.
BenJAinin ConstAnt will l>e sold. - sented to the same museum a remark.<ible tAble never have known the full power of his
There are 110 lots in all, and these comprise of sculptured wood, dating from the first half of genius.
finished pictures, portraits, studies, sketches, the sixteenth century. Simil.^r tAbles of this
In 1843 Spohr produced 'The Flying
and design''. They are mostly of OrientAl }vrit->d are extremely rare, and this is the
only example of the kind in the museum. In
Dutchman' at Tassel, and. indeed, wrote to
subjects, hut a few are of English orisjin, such
as 'The Pier at Brighton' (lot 11), 'St. Paul's addition, M. Saglio, the consermUur of the Wagner to express the great pleasure it
frtMn the Tlianies (14), 'Warehouses on the
'
Musee Cluny. expects to receive shortly the him to light upon a young artist
afiorded
Thames" \ 'The Houses of Parliament and
("21 ben^uost of M. Rochard, which includes tapestry, who "meant seriously by his art.'' There
Westminster (27\ and the study for the j>or-
' furniture, and manuscripts of the fifteenth and soon followed a brilliant success with the
trait Lord Dufferin i77). None
of of them sixteenth centuries. same opera at Riga, and there seemed pro-
*pi>ears to have been exhibited. The Austrian excavations in Ephesus, after spects of performances in other towns. In
Theinnocence of the average " ex^vrt " is Wing stopi>ed for some time, are shortly to be fact, the close of the year, when at
at
often as ams.''.ing as his knowledge. The cata- recommenced. Dr. Heberdey, who is to pre- work on Tannhiiuser," Wagner was in the
*
logue of the present interesting exhibition side over the work, willemploy about & hundred best of spirits, looking, to quote from a
of mezzotint portraits at the Burlington Fine- labourers in the harbour quarter of the Hellenic letter written at that pericxi. * calmly for-
Arts Club is a case in jxiint. In twelve entries city, upon the site which was bought for the
George Romney deiscril>ed as "R. A.,"" ward to the spread of my operas." Little
is purpose few ye^rs ago by Prof. 0. Benndor^
.*\
whereas exhibited
he at the Royal never did he then think that in a few years his
the explorer of S.4mothrace, Lycia,
.<irch;v^ologic3d
Academy. The portrait of the Rev. .Tohn Wesley " honourable appointment for life " would
and Caria, The Vienna Arch^ological Seminaiy
(No. 4v>), eiigraved by J. (lainer, is ni-t after has in preparation a vork upon tbe great be at an end, and he himself an exile from
Romney to this, indeed, the compiler adds a ? tbeatte of the Lysimadiian period, wbicb his native land.
Roraney"> portrait was engraved by Sraisboiy, underwent extensive alterations during the Wagner was not the first to propose that
and is descnbed in Chaloner Smith, xbe lw>- Roman period. Weber's remains should be transferred from
graphicAl notice of Lady Hamilton under No.
St. Mary's Chapel, Moorfields, to Dresden,
24 is teeming with blunders. There is not a
shred of evidence to prove that she was ever MUSIC but he entered heart and soul into the idea
connected with Graham or his goddess Hygeta ; and had it not been for his energy and enthu-
the evidence is quite to the contxary, and siasm the scheme might never have been
Zffe tif Biehiri Wkgn^fr. Authorized Zng-
Angelo in his reminiscences distinctly con- carried out. In this, as in other matters,
lish Version, by "Win. Ashton Ellis, of
tradicts the rumour. She first sat to Roiuaey he was thoroughly in earnest. After diffi-
when living with Greville. Indeed, tbe wbole C. F. Glasenapp's 'Das Leben Itichard
eolties and delays Weber's remains were
"note"" should be rigorously suppressed. The Wagners.' Vol. H. (Kegaa Paul & Oo.)
committed to a vault in the Friedrichstadt
second portion of the foot - note to No. 10
Te drst volume ended with the appoint- graveyard, on which occasion Wagner de-
should also be deleted Hayley did nci
ment Irveied a noble yet " simple " speech.
:
1776, as is expressly stated in Hay ley's with an account of the two men who for six many foolish and hostile notices.
resulted in
' Memoirs of himself " (vol. i. p. 160,\ or long yeais were the troablers of the c-c~- Herr Glasenapp. or. :: 17 ilr. FTlia r
about four years after Romney 's retam Itom poeers artistic spirit Von Liittiehs :ir : .:. hims^, desctibf 5 :"z .- :i -.'zi ' ZiHiehrifi .
Rome. The joumey with Carwaidine and Intendant of the theatre, and Eeif^i^r.-. :.s the " spitefnies:.
'
\.: 1 11. :-.z. .yjeiiiix is
Hayley was to Paris, and did not take place 8em(H> Gapellmeister ; also of VTj^^-fr 5 ed a lon^ ex.fr: : ::::_ :: "^ ^~ : :he
until 17^"> moreover, Ozias Hmnpbij was
;
friends Heine. Fischer, and A^lg".l^: 7. ^ y.
not one of the party. "Ibe identity" erf
the " Musikdirekior " wh? :r. ^ -.. rl .
Mrs. Davenport (No. ol is not ''open to
doubt '": the original portrait was exbibibed at a brief and unsuccessful .n :l.f ~^.~~ ..- .'
the Old Masters" in 1S7S by & desooidant. tion. Wagner's ditnculrles ;:.'.-.^ irvr^.-vr.: :usic tne wnter
Mr, WiLFRir Bali gradually ::: fir?: :hr "::^":^
: i ? :r^-^ : ; . :
writes :
*"
A
circular has beeia issued bj i ztieial Inter- "Hienzi^ an.i :; }Z: ....-^ier ;.-.v- ;,.-^ '
Enjwpe and America to cKwtribDte to tbeir Bxbibi- Ihrraden and eonductei hi? 1. .5 ^- .
taon in Melbourne Dexi XoreiabeT. As the name of
the Rr^s" A r c\v Australian of Artists has
s>i)ciciv
this was the GewaniLi:.? ..L.i : r :
been :. . into the circular, ai>d partaoolarsof whom, seven years previously. W5.c_:r:
tbe r.-,,:;; . : its jiast exhibiticais ^[QOted, it bas had hnmUy handed Iris tti z^ :?r-
Batnraljy cs-Dsed soiae aitasts to ioH^ine ***^t tbe
Exhibition is to be beM jmder tOie naspie^ of tbiis phony in c, begging 1 . * ii '
:.
:
" : .i
- -
paid for tbea beai^ 17^,000 fraaes, a pnee f &: v ivi:
_".-..
:""-../":'
. -
i
.
-
- . .
,
_
and * La Ronde,' vbk& is deembed as c - :.
.' -
." ~ _" . . .
- i^t^stir^ r^ -- '
.
'-
7 '?
It bas jnsit reeeired a qjaih^ywt^fe j^^ -iiij
&Ma Aeifteeatb ee^ny, of a r. :- 1 ^Bier:
bair and bbck beaid, pnbabty *
. * " "^ "
^ ^ "*^ -' ' -
etood aloof from Wagner, we see how hero- There was an excellent performance of Mr. Henry Bird must not be forgotten his ;
must have led him to do and say many viata period, had little chance of natural
'
the most favourable light there are signs of ask, was not Sullivan's last finished work, Op. 118, for four voices and accompaniment
over-zeal. the Te
'
Deum,' selected the one which of strings. On the whole, however, the pro-
There is an excellent index to the volume. he intended for performance at the close gramme offered an uncomfortable mixture of
Let us hope that Mr. Ellis will soon be able of the war in South Africa ? The Handel ancient and modern music. The other members
to complete this interesting and valuable Choir sang admirably. It was of the quartet party were Madame de la Mare
Festival
biography of the greatest musician of the National Anthem, music and Messieurs .J. David and Albert Gebelin.
heard in the tlie
They .sang with taste and enthusiasm. Mile, de
second half of the nineteenth century. just mentioned, the chorus in the contralto
la Rouvi^re, who was heard, among other thing.s,
song Land of Hope and Glory by Dr.
' '
in 'Le Songe d'Iphigi-nie,' by (iluck, has a
THE WEEK. Elgar, based on the trio of his March powerful voice and disijjay.s marked intelligence.
CovEST Gardk.s. 'Manon,' 'La Traviata.' in I), the American National Hymn, The instrumentalists were Messrs. .1. Ivimey,
Crystal Palack. Peace Festival. Handel's Conquering ' Hero,' and Rule, '
H. Britt (from Paris), and F. Bohr. Should
St. James's Hau, Mr. Bispham's Hecitation of 'Knoch
Arden.' Britannia.' Our two national songs Mlle. de la Uouviere give another concert a pro-
Massexet's Manon,' performed at Covent
*
formed, of course, the natural and neces- gramme-book with a few analytical and historical
notes would certainly bo welcome.
Garden last Thursday week, is a work in sary opening and closing numljors. It was
which we recognize both skill and charm, a pity that so fine a body of singers had not Mlss Alice Holla.ndeu, the new contralto,
yet the story does not possess the marked more to do. The two instrumental pieces who gave her second concert on Tuesday at
.St. James's Hall, has a voice of excellent
human interest which distinguishes 'Faust' were Dr. Cowen's bright Coronation '
mann, for his instrument. He was born at Sir Charles Wyndham entertained at the Hyde
Entomology. By L. C. MI ALL, F.R.S., Professor of
Elgersburg (Thuringia) in 1846. Another pro- Park Court Hotel the same much-feted guests.
Biology in the Yorkshire College.
of the pianoforte for nearly thirty years. season Mr. Alexander stated that the St. James's LINE and FORM. By Walter Crane.
would reopen on August 30th with the promised With 1.57 Illustrations.
passes from the part of Vatel, a cook, to that of County Council, A Country Mouse,' the success
' "It is, we think, certain that no one has hitherto suc-
ceeded in accomplishing his task so well as Mr. Rose, whose
M. Poirier, which as a species of modernization of which is almost unparalleled, will be retrans- work is, in many respects, a model of what a historic
of Georges Dandin comes to him by right and ferred on Monday to its original home, the biography ought to be.'" Edinburgh Beview.
;
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BY MAURICE MAETERLINCK.
THREE LITTLE DRAMAS.
INTERIOR. Translated by William Archer.
The DEATH
TINTAGILES. of ]
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'
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.. .
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i
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Wreck of the Grosvenor Gunpowder Plot Sons of Harold " Leaps and bounds "
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Malone and Shakespeare's Bust Cardinal Manning's Birth Angels as Supporters Anomalies in Heraldry Arms bequeathed
by Will Label in Heraldry Shamrock in National Arms
Marlowe's Death. Cabot's Ship the Matthew Mohammed's
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Supporters of English Sovereigns Heralds' Visitations Herons'
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'Gammer Gurton's Garland' 'Garden of the Soul' Gaule's
' Mag-astro-mancer
'Gentleman's Magazine' Motto Gibbon's
'
Grinling Gibbons's Carvings
Portraits of Warren Hastings
Stained Glass in England
B. R. Haydon
Hoare of Bath
Neglected Books
Goldsmith's " Padoreen " Mare Grand '
Hogarth Holbein's 'Ambassadors'
Holman Hunt's 'Scape-
Magazine of Magazines' Gray's 'Elegy'
Poem by A. H. goat' Angelica Kauflfmann
Portraits of Keats Needlework
Hallam Author of Imitatio Christi Original of Bracebridge
' '
Pictures
H. J. H, JMartin Masons' Marks Miserere Carvings.
Hall Junius's Letters
Keble's 'Christian Year' Lyly's
* Euphues School and College Magazines
'
llattlin the '
ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS.
Reefer George Meredith's Poems
'
Million of Facts
Moliere '
Golden Rose Greenstead Church Haliwell Priory, Shoreditch
and Shakespeare.
'
Hanwell
Church Our Lady of Hate Early Headstones
First Burning for Heresy in England High Ercall Church
^POPULAR ANTIQUITIES and FOLK-LORE.
Garlands
Horse Skulls in Churches Host eaten by Mice Church near
Games in Churchyards Personal Adornment for
Royal Exchange Martin's Abbey, Somerset Miracle Plays in
Garlic to falsify the Compass Ghost Miners Best Ghost Story
Fifteenth Century
Miraculous Statues Mitre and Cope.
Gloves and Kisses Good Friday Graal Legends Hanging TOPOGRAPHY.
in Chains Herring Pie for the King The Horkey King's Evil
Wedding Knife Latter Lammas Luck Money Stone that Gosford Isle of Wight, its Governor or Governess Haddon
Loveth Iron
Mandragora Marriage Customs May Day Hall Haggerston Icknield Way Leper Hospitals in Kent
Customs Moon Lore. Lincoln's Inn Fields Vanishing London.
'
American War of Independence
Animals as Thieves and
theQueen 'Green- Room Handel and the Harmonious Black-
'
Rain at Cherra Poongee Curious Christian Names Twenty-
Malebolge Author of the Marseillaise.' '
four-hour Clocks
Dead Body arrested for Debt Lady Duellists
^CLASSICAL SUBJECTS. Artificial Eyes
Extraordinary Fields Fire put out by the
Greek Anthology " Jud^eus Apella "-Pronunciation
"Huic" of
Sun First Giraffe in England Post Office Grammar Gretna
"Humpty Dumpty" Latin Macaronic Latin " Maligna
in
" " Hie
Green Marriages The Guillotine Hats worn in the House of
lux" "Fiat voluntas Dei et alubris."
Commons Lemon Sole Invention of Lucifer Matches.
The AT//t:X.1-WM said of the First Volume ; " Their plan seems to us an excellent one, and should produce a kind
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NKW VOUME JUST PUBLISHED.
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Special Articles on Natural History and Sport by well-known Authorities on the District.
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With Ten
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admirable book. It is astonishing how good it is Tliere is no exaggeration in saying that it is Literature of the Continent durinc;
the best book in the language ou the town and church of which it deals. Everything is here."
the last Tivelve Months.
The Story of CAIRO. By Stanley Lane-Poole. Illustrated by
J. A. Symington. Cloth, 44-. 6rf. net ; leather, ."is. M. net.
SPECTATOR. A good guide-book to Cairo. The long period
'
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THE ATHEN^UM
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: i"-*
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RKOISTKltKI) AS A MvW.SPAPHH
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Grace the .Archbishop of Canterbury, as Visitor, will make the appoint-
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:.'.
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CONTENTS. over the Altri Plains, up the Rift Valley, and
PACE
over the green downs of Njoro."
among the Escjuimaux aro aware, but, for
Sir Habky Johnston ox the Uganda Puotectoratk 81
good or evil, the sober fact at the present
The Varietiks of Religious Experience 82 To those, again, who are concerned with day is that among the Kavirondo only a very
TuE HovsE of Percy 83 religious propaganda this country is of
North America
few chiefs and railway employes are wear-
Early History of the French in 84
special interest. They will remember how
The Holyhf_4D Hoad 86
ingtrousersand sweaters. Piers and wharves
Sir Henry Stanley spoke with Mutesa and
New Novkl? (The Couqueror; The Eveshams The at Port Florence may be springing up, but
;
decided to send his famous and fateful tele- they have not sprung and as to hotels, the
Searchers The La^e Keturning My Lady Peggy
; ; ;
States an Anthology)
;
92-93 The seed is to be found in a passage where he speaks
List of New Books 93 sown has borne marvellous fruit. of the suburbs of Mengo, the capital of the
The DisiiANDiNG of the Cromwkllian Army The ; To the zoologist the discovery and classi- kingdom of Uganda, extending almost as
Firefly in Italy of Facts
; A Question ;
fication of the okapi ( Okapia johtistotii) by far from the centre as the suburbs of London.
I RoiiERT Cromwell The " Housel or Earth "
;
Sir Harry Johnston have provided one of By the way, we do not understand why Sir
Mothkrin-Law The Marriage and Burial
; the most startling of recent surprises. The Harry Johnston wishes to call this place
Ceremonies of the Old Persians; Bales 9496
skin and skull of this new quadruped, Mengo. That is, indeed, the name of the
Literary Gossip 96
which the author obtained from Mr. Karl king's quarter in this town of Seven Hills.
SciESCE Nailral History; Anthropological
Notes; Gossip 97-98 Eriksson, a Swedish officer in the service But the capital is now known to all Euro-
Fine Arts Art History and Biography Greek ;
of the Congo Free State, have been set up peans, officials and traders alike, as Kam-
Coins Miss Williams's Copies of Velasquez for the British Museum by Mr. Rowland pala, after the name of the hill which was
; ;
to write down Cairo, Cape Town, Victoria the horse, which has been domesticated convey very little whereas, to any but the
;
Nyanza, and half a dozen other names, and throughout the period of history, run latest arrival, Kampala would be a familiar
the rest he might call Sahara. It is a wild, but it was proved before the Zoo- name.
different matter now. In every quarter of logical Society to be a real new (or old) AVith reference to the establishment of an
the great continent explorers, sportsmen, species. "Ex Africa semper aliquid novi." administrative centre, some Simla of British
missionaries, traders, and administrators Now that Africa has produced the okapi we East Africa, the author's suggestion of a
have been busy. In East Africa the explo- need not give up all hope of some other new capital to be founded at some suitable spot
rations of Burton and Speke were succeeded beast or bird. Perhaps some day that sea- on the railway on the Nandi Plateau seems
by the surveys of Stanley and Thomson and serpent which nearly capsized Sir Clement to be a good idea in itself, but somewhat
the exploits of Capt. Lugard. When the Hill on the Nyanza may be brought to land premature. Our knowledge of this side of
East Africa Company gave notice of with- and justify the persistent tradition of the the country is too recent and partial to
drawal a British Protectorate was pro- natives that a monster inhabits the waters of ensure the best site being chosen. Places
claimed over Uganda, and in 1899 Sir Harry the great inland sea. which in a dry season seem ideal become
Johnston started as Special Commissioner to On these and all other matters our author swamps in a very wet year. Probably it
set in order the administration of the Pro- has written in elaborate detail, and he has would be better to wait for some time until
tectorate. The changes, indeed, which he relieved the Blue-book aspect of his work by the lines on which the country is going to
did introduce were neither radical nor far- admirable pictures from his camera or brush. be developed are more clearly seen. A pre-
reaching, and, in our opinion, were con- But just as truisms are not always true, ference shown by European colonists for
ceived in that spirit of petty economy which so Blue-books are not always trustworthy. any particular district, or the discovery of
is apt to appeal to the Foreign Office rather In the hands of a writer so gifted with an precious metals in any given locality, may
than that of a wiser generosity. On his appreciation of the picturesque as Sir Harry alter the centre of gravity of the whole
return he has provided, in two splendidly Johnston's paintings prove him to be, facts territory. At present the position and
illustrated volumes, an account of the flora occasionally tend to become somewhat importance of Mombasa, as virtually the
and fauna, the history and prospects of distorted and to justify the reputation which only port of entry for both Protectorates, aro
this new land. His studies in colour of travellers have earned by their tales. Thus, such that inconvenience would certainly be
animal life are of extraordinary merit in describing the changes which are
; caused by transferring the centre of the
the coloured landscapes strike us as hard taking place in the Eastern Province, he East African Protectorate adniinistratiou
and less successful. remarks :
from that place. It will be time enough to
A country opened so rapidly to Western "The Kavirondo, alas are wearing trousers
! fix on a site for the now capital when tho
civilization teems with interest and offers and 'sweaters'; the sacred Ibises have left Nilo rcuito has lieen further opened and
Kisumu, for its swamps are drained. Piers and can
many a problem. Uganda to the average the tendencies of trade and colonization
traveller suggests the place where the best wharves, hotels and residences in corrugated bo more definitely predicted. For in nioro
iron are springing up in Port Florence,
destined inconvenience
shooting in the world is to be had, where tlian one instance expense and
even no doubt to be a great emporium of trade on the whicli might easily have been
avoided have
Victoria Nyanza. The dirty brown waters of and ill conBidcred
"the railway has come to the fore as a means of now daily navigated by sail- boon caused l)y a hasty
Kavirondo Bay are unsuitable
game preservation, so that from the windows of erection of station buildings at
ing boats and steamers."
his carriage the traveller may see positive virtue in the places.
zoological gardens let loo.se. Rhinoceroses, Now there is very little
with Swahilisand Indian traders and coolies adversary may exclaim, in his own private tion to be coercive in his arguments."
in the Nairobi Bazar. neuropathy. As to the moral fruits of the He looks for a " mediating term " for the
But it is easy to pick a hole or two in a spiritual experiences of men of genius, we "something more" apprehended in reli-
work which covers a vast and varied field. value them as Mr. James values them but gious experiences, and suggests that " the
;
It is a more grateful office to acknowledge the adversary merely murmurs: " Tantum subconscious self" will serve the turn:
the energy and skill with which Sir Harry relligio potuit suadere malorum." "The suhco7iscious self is nowadays a well-
Johnston has amassed and edited informa- The method of the distinguished lec- accredited psychological entity, and I
tion. If the book seems as a whole too turer he himself describes thus :
believe that in it we have exactly
much a series of disjointed chapters which the mediating term required." " There
do not hang together on any thread of "These lectures which I am giving are
is actually and literally more life in our
a laborious attempt to extract from the pri-
plot or plan, it must be due chiefly to the total soul than we are at any time aware
vacies of religious experience some general facts
very thoroughness with which the Special
which can be defined in formulas upon which of." The lecturer, if we please, will not use
Commissioner has treated the botany, everybody may agree." the term "subliminal," if reck(med offensive,
zoology, anthropology, and all the other " as smelling too much of psychical research
ologies of his province. In collecting his Again: or other aberrations." He will speak of
facts he appears to have been verv ably "The religious phenomenon, studied as an " the B. region, obviously the larger part of
seconded by his subordinates, several of inner fact, and apart from ecclesiastical or theo- each of us, for it is the abode of everything
whom will, we hope, sooner or later, publish logical complications, lias shown itself to consist that is latent, and the reservoir of every-
the results of their studies in the ways and everywhere, and at all its stages, in the con- thing that passes unrecorded or unobserved."
lore of the natives of the Uganda Protec- sciousness which individuals have of an inter-
But science will answer that the B. region
torate. Any book, for example, from the course between themselves and higher powers is only a store of undeveloped negatives in
with which they feel themselves to be related."
pen of Mr. F. J. Jackson, now Deputy Com- the convolutions of the brain. How can
missioner of the E.A.P. would be of great But are these experiences real ? Mr. James the development of these negatives imply
,
value and interest. replies (p. 498), " As soon as we deal with "union" with "the more"? Mr. James
private and personal phenomena as such, we adds that the B. region is the source of
deal with realities in the completest sense of " our supra-normal cognitions, if we have
The Varieties of Religious Experience. the term."
Edinburgh Gifford Lectures, 1901-2. By
Now a private and personal any, and if we are telepathic subjects."
phenomenon occurred to the Eev. Robert Among the deeply religious, whose expe-
"William James, LL.D. (Longmans & Co.)
Bruce, of Kinnaird, in 1581. He con- riences Mr. James has been narrating, "the
"The Jehovist says Oh dear, how tire- ducted a dialogue with the devil, a door into this region seems unusually
some this is ! Do look at that woman's " higher power," and detected the enemy open." But what is it that comes in at
bonnet on the left." This is an extract in the act of lying. Mr. Bruce then con- the open door? It is, apparently, " a wider
;
self through which saving experiences books for the anecdotes, like a character of he goes mobt astray, altliough liia uthor
come," and a note cites Mr. Brownell :
George Eliot's, will find the volume much errors are historically more serious. The
"Theinriuence of the Holy Spirit, exquisitely to their taste. first line of Percy was founded, as is gene-
called the Comforter, is a matter of actual rally known, by a follower of the Norman
experience, as solid a reality as that of electro- Duke, who received at his hands a groat
magnetism." A History of tlw Uouse of Percy. By Gerald fief inYorkshire and Lincolnshire, but not,
Mr. James himself writes :
Brenan. '1 vols. (Freeman tie.) as Mr. Brenan adds, in Essex. While re-
" That which produces efl'ects within another This work the second in a series of his-
is jecting the absurd pedigree which derived
reality must be termed a reality itself, so tories of our great houses, of which Sir this Percy from Mainfred, a contemporary
I feel as if we had no philosophic excuse Herbert Maxwell's House of Douglas was
' '
of Polio, the author actually believes that
for calling the unseen or mystical world the first. Like its predecessor, it is the Norman lord of Percy was " Count of
unreal." "edited" by Mr. W. A. Lindsay (Windsor Caux and Poictiers" (!), and treats it as a
Then he styles " this higher part of the Herald), whose introductory notice leaves us " fact " that the Duke's follower "married a
universe by the name of God" : in considerable doubt as to how far he is Saxon lady, called by the chronicles '
Emma
" What the more characteristically divine facts responsible for any of the statements it con- de Porte,' probably because she inherited
are, apart from the actual inflow of energy in tains. He has had, we read, "no oppor- Semer, near Scarborough, then a notable
the faith-state, and the prayer- state, I know not. tunity of conferring with the author, with seaport." She was, on the contrary, a
But the over-belief in which I am ready to many of whose opinions and remarks " he daughter of Hugh de Port, a Norman baron
make my personal venture is that they exist." " cannot altogether agree"; and he disclaims in Hampshire. His son, again, did not
Mr. James goes on : all responsibility " for certain references to make " a powerful and illustrious alliance,"
" I can, of course, put myself into the the supposed plebeian origin of great states- for his wife was not the " granddaughter
sectarian scientist's attitude, and imagine vividly men." Wehave observed no reference of of Count Baldwin of Flanders"; and the
that the world of sensations and of scientific laws the kind open to question, save the state- fourth of the line did not acquire the great
and objects may be all. But whenever I do ment that Cecil, whom Mr. Brenan de- Petworth estate in Sussex, which was first
this, I hear that inner monitor of which W, K. tests, was " the son of Saxon peasants," acquired by the founder of the second line
Cliflbrd once wrote, whispering the word whatever that may mean. Can it be that
" of Percy, as, indeed, we read a few pages
'
bosh :
'
Windsor Herald has the fear of the Cecils further on and this founder, Joscelin of
;
"Whither have we come ? To a matter of before his eyes ? Louvain, although here exalted as " indu-
personal bias Mr. Clifford's inner monitor
!
Mr. Brenan' s own preface is somewhat bitably " descended from Charlemagne, was
would have "whispered the word 'bosh'" apologetic, excusing " sundry discrepancies " of doubtfully legitimate birth. The old
as he read Mr. James's lectures. What by the fact that the whole plan of the work exploded story that when he married the
the inner monitor said is not evidence to ; was changed while it was passing through Percy heiress he insisted on retaining his
be sure, our author is not adducing evi- the press. He failed also, we learn, to paternal arms, which became those of the
dence, but making his personal confession. obtain access to the MSS. at Alnwick and Northumbrian house, is of course here
And there is the end of the matter. The Syon House, and was dependent therefore, repeated and, while on heraldry, we may
;
"sectarian scientist" sees neurotic condi- for manuscript sources, on those preserved mention, without unnecessary comment,
tions where Mr. James sees the presence at the Public Record Office. Another that, according to Mr. Brenan, " the ancient
of the " something more." result of this faQure was that he has been
arms of Percy Azure, five fusils in fesse or
It appears to us that he is impeded compelled to make extensive use of lost none of their prestige while " the
by the fear of introducing psychical re- De Fonblanque's History of the Percys,'
*
Percy who died in 1120 " bore them upon
search meat too strong for the babes of a rather unsafe guide. As the two volumes his shield." The "friar" who figures on
Edinburgh. He probably holds that " supra- extend to some 900 pages, one would have the next page as a " forest priest " in York-
normal " phenomena, not as yet to be been glad of a summary of the salient shire involves no worse anachronism.
accounted for by the "sectarian scientist," points of the story, which either Mr. Brenan, It was not till 1309 that Alnwick came to
are matters of demonstrated fact capable of with his spirited style, or Mr. Lindsay, who the Percys, and then only by purchase.
proof by external evidence. If so there is writes with dignity and grace, could, no With its acquisition they entered into the
really a "something more," whatever it doubt, have produced. But the former con- fulness of their power. The first (died
may be. That was Mr. Myers's line of fines himself to alluding to the change in 1314) and second (died 1352) Percys of
argument, and, we think, he did not pre- the character of the Percys after they Alnwick were great fighting men. The
tend to go further, and to speak of God abandoned " their native borders " for life illustration of the former, from his seal,
he was only beginning to try to understand on "city soil"; and the latter makes his charging sword in hand, is followed by one
human personality. brief introduction the vehicle of some ohiter which purports to represent the second lord,
It is not to be supposed that Mr. James dicta on the subject of Catholics and Protes- but which is obviously taken from a seal of
is unaware of such arguments as may be tants, which historians will receive with the middle of the twelfth century, and is not
urged against his method and his conclu- some surprise, and to which we shall have even, we think, that of a Percy at all. Surely
sions. He avers that the utmost which occasion to recur. it might have been possible to secure some
mystics can ask of us is to admit that their The task of writing tho history of expert revision which would have at least
experiences " establish a presumption." He a family, and even of a great his- averted such a blunder as this, the persistent
admits that such mystical experiences as toric house, is one which presents repetition of " Ingelgram,"and the insertion
Mr. Bruce's dialogue with the Accuser of much difficulty. The writer must possess of a " de " before such names as Basset, Bri-
the Brethren come from the same regions a sufficient knowledge of many periods were, or Tesson. The story of the Percys is
of our nature as the nobler mysticisms. and subjects, and must further be able, by a stirring tale from the days of the second
"To come from thence is no infallible the merits of his style, to carry the reader lord ;it is illumined by the names of Nevill's
credential. What comes must be sifted with him, for the history of a family has Cross, Otterbourne, Nesbitt Moor, Homil-
and tested," and "the higher mystical its longueurs, is at times extremely dull. down Hill, and Shrewsbury. In tho mean-
flights" may be "inroads from the sub- Mr. Lindsay holds that these volumes "are while a freak of fortune had brought tliem
conscious life, of the cerebral activity well arranged, well written, and of great the Egremont inheritance by bo(iue8t. For-
correlative to which we as yet know interest" and we may say at once that a
;
feited in I'lOH and again in IIOI, liio
notliing. . . . . The supernaturalism
^supra- talo which is well worth the telling has lost honours of the great Nortliern liouso wore
normalism ? to which they would per- nothing of its interest or its fire at Afr. twice rohtored to its heirs, but lost again by
suade us may, interpreted in one way or Bronan's hands. But, as Froude has shown, the sliare of Sir Tlioinas in tho luckloss
the other, be after all the truest of insights the skilled narrator may be anything but an " I'ilgrimago of Grace." Tho earldom was
into the meaning of this life." And Mr. accurate historian and Mr. Brenan, whoso created anew for liis son in l.').')7, and Aln-
;
James thinks that " possibility and per- sympathies, thougli opposed to Froudo's, wick once more recovorod, but tho leading
mission of this sort are all that the religious appear to be at least as strong, can be quite part taken by tho earl in thogrfat Northern
consciousness requires to live on." Tlio as inaccurate and as careless. Strangely Rising led to liis downfall and doatli.
book is entertaining, unlike most Gifford enough, it is on points of genealogy, Wofool it a duty tu protont against the
Lectures, and persons who read spiritual heraldry, sphragistics, and peerage law that treatment of this episode by Mr. Brenan
;
reached Sussex at York without delay, and Douglas '; but the illustrations are far lees
to have been forwarded by him to the earls the more accurate pages of Parkman. The
attractive, though Mr. Eailton's sketches achievements of the hardy fishermen of
at once. On the next page we read :
are graceful and pleasing. Britanny and Normandy, who were catch-
"On the night of November 13, North-
ing cod on the banks of Newfoundland
umberland retired to rest
TopclifFe
at
Shortly before dawn word came
that the castle
within less than a decade after Columbus
had discovered America the wonderful
;
was surrounded by the troops of Sussex, and
that several retainers had been wounded and voyage of Cartier the exploits
;
of the chival-
taken prisoners. Lady Northumberland rous ('hamplain and the adventurous La
Salle, who first traced tlie course of the expedition to the Benin coast. When he had been stripped toLiUy naked on enter-
Mississippi, furnished ample material to the was safely at sea he opened his mind to his ing the village, and had been unable to
experienced journalist for Charlevoix was followers in a stirring speech, which breathes obtain
self.
the least thing to cover
One night, while lying as usual in a
her-
the editor of the best of French periodicals some of that fervour which one " Spanish
cabin, bound hand and foot with cords which
in the first half of the eighteenth century, fury" after another roused in the breasts of
were made fast to as many stakes, and sur-
the Journal de Trivoux. In his pages, for our own Elizabethan adventurers. "This, rounded by Indians who lay on the cords, she
instance, we find the fullest account of the comrades," he said, after depicting the fate perceived that they were all sound asleep. She
romantic exploit of the Chevalier Dominic of the French colonists, immediately endeavoured to extricate one hand,
de Gourgues, which still has power to stir "is the crime of our enemies. And what will and succeeding in this, without much ditticulty
the blood " as with the sound of a trumpet." ours be, if we defer longer to avenge the insult unbound herself completely. On this, she rose,
The first French settlement in North Ame- offered to the French nation ? This induced me went softly to the cabin door, took a hatchet,
rica roused the jealousy of the Spaniards, to to sell all my property this opened the purses
:
and brained the one who lay readiest to her
of my friends. I have counted upon you hand. She then sprang to a hollow tree, large
whom the Pope had solemnly granted the : I
enough to conceal her entirely, and which she
have deemed you sufliciently jealous of the
best half of the New World. The French had already observed quite near the cabin. The
glory of your country to sacrifice life itself on
settlershappened to be Hugiienots, flying an occasion of this importance. Am I deceived ? noise made by the dying man soon roused the
from the wrath of Catherine de Medicis and I hope to set you an example to be ever at ;
whole village and as no doubt was entertained
;
the Guises to the sunny coasts of Florida. your head to take on myself the greatest
;
of their prisoner's flight, all the young men
" All this she marked from
As Huguenots they could not be expected dangers. Will you refuse to follow me ? started in pursuit.
to recognize the validity of the Pope's her shelter, and she perceived that her pursuers
This spirited allocution raised the spirits all took one direction, and that the rest had
grant, but they also fell within the ban of
of Gourgues's followers to his own pitch. returned to their cabins, leaving no one near
the "Holy War" which was everywhere The Spaniards had continued to occupy the her tree. She immediately stole out, and taking
declared on Lutherans in the devout six- French settlement, in numbers considerably just the opposite direction from that of the
teenth century, and most of all in Spain. greater than those of the little French band. braves, she reached the woods undiscovered.
France and Spain were then at peace, but Descending silently on the Florida coast, No one thought of taking that direction all that
the Spanish Adelantado astutely combined
Ealeigh's later doctrine of " no peace beyond
and enlisting enough natives who had night but when day came, her trail was dis-
;
" had all his prisoners brought to the same spot the neighbourhood of the River Sorel, for fear
master and these orders are so formal, that I
of being surprised by some Iroquois war-party,
;
am not at liberty to spare any one. I shall wliere the French had been massacred, and
where Menendez had engraved on a stone these she hastily made a sort of raft to cross the river.
accordingly fulfil them to the letter but when ;
to Lutherans.' He reproached them with their knowing where she was, she discovered a canoe,
I shall treat them kindly : as for the heretics,
cruelty, their perfidy, their violation of oaths and fearing lest it might be an Iroquois, she
all shall die." :
Hurons and Iroquois. " Some have been similar examples occurred subsequently, that at
label thus inscribed "These are not treated
:
met," he says, last nothing of the kind any longer excited .sur-
thus as Frenchmen, but as heretics and
" who had no doubt loft as to the most incom- prise. Men comprehended, at last, that fear of
enemies of God." When the news of this death or torture can make the feeblest under-
prehensible articles of our faith, and who pub-
massacre readied France the miserable take and accomplish what the most hardy would
licly avowed it, but would not listen to any
government of Charles IX. and his detest- suggestion of their conversion As an Iroquois not, under other circumstances, think of attempt-
able mother took no notice of the affront lay on his death-bed, some fire fell on the robe ing."
offered to their flag and honour. which covered him. As he saw them endeavour- Hist-oh !-Hist herself could not have sur-
ing to extinguish it, ho said It is not worth
passed the exploits of this dusky heroine.
'
in Florida at the hands of the Spaniard.s, were while. I know that I shall burn for all Charlevoix's book is full of such tales, as
eternity whether it begins a little sooner or a
regarded by most of those then in power, less well as of gruesome descriptions of Indian
;
in a pleasant manner, though blended here There had long been discussions as to the expedition took place in the summer
and there with statements of opinion on out- improving the Western road. It was a when the roads were dry. The expenses
side subjects, some of which were out of scandal to England that her communication when they reached the coast amounted to
place. The present volumes are the best of with Ireland was so slow and attended with so 77^. 1. 3f/., and crossing St. George's Chan-
the series, though they, too, are flecked with much danger, but for a long time nothing was nel caused a further outlay of 37/. 2.s. \d.
extraneous matter with which we would done. The first practical idea was to compel No wonder that in those days few English-
willingly dispense. Mr. Harper evidently the various parishes to mend their several men visited the sister isle.
holds strong opinions on certain debatable highways. Twenty-one parishes between The work which Telford accomplished
questions. Hereditary legislation, peers Shrewsbury and Holyhead were thereupon was well done, and, in view of the times
who have lent their names and influence indicted. The law was clear enough, but it in which he lived and the necessity to
to company promoters, enclosures, and the was found virtually impossible to put it in avoid delay, he seems to have carried it out
mineral rights of landowners and loi-ds of force. The penalties nominally incurred without needless expense. He had, too,
manors all of these are subjects worthy of would, enforced, have brought ruin on the
if if we do not mistake him, a certain appre-
serious consideration, but we do not wish to tenants and the landlords alike. Whatever ciation of scenery which has been absent
devote ourselves to them when occupied by the law might be, there was a manifest in some of his successors.
the humours and terrors of the road. With injustice in compelling the few parishes We wish we had space to follow Mr.
these exceptions, and that of an attack on through which the road passed to provide Harper from one inn to another along the
the Welsh people, which is in such bad taste for a national concern. The local people route, for each one has a history. Few of
as to be comparable with the things said were satisfied with the tracks that had our institutions have changed more in the
by French and English people of each been good enough for their forefathers. If last century than the country inn. Now our
other during the fury of the great war, we the great men in London wanted to intro- hostelries are mostly the property of com-
have little but praise to give. duce a different order of things it was they, panies or of large breweries, and the landlord
Few people who use any part of the not the people who were unfortunate enough is but a tenant-at-will, often of a very migra-
Holyhead road, now fallen from its high to dwell near the roads that led to Ireland, tory kind formerly he was, in many cases,
;
estate, know the causes which brought it who must find the money. Years might the owner of the house he occupied, which
into being. It was not until 1780 that probably have passed without anything had come down to him from his forefathers.
stage coaches ran between London and Holy- effective being done had not the union When not in that happy position he was
head. They followed nearly the present between England and Ireland become an frequently regarded as a fixture, as much as
road, which was so well known before it accomplished fact. Then was developed a the squire or the parson. In the small
was in a great measure superseded by the very real Irish grievance. The members no towns and villages he had a well-ascertained
railway, but the track was about as bad as longer met in their own land on St. Stephen's status. He knew all the people, gentle and
can be imagined, and in not a few places so Green, but had to journey to Westminster. simple, for several miles round, and it was no
dangerous as to be the cause of frequent This they found so tedious and hazardous uncommon thing for the great men of the
catastrophes, many of which were fatal. that they at once raised the question of the place to drop in and have a chat with him
Before the coaches were put on the road improvement of communication. We do and with the strangers who had a temporary
men and women found their way as best not call to mind that any Irish member was abode under his roof, for he was the channel
they could, so that an expedition into these killed or even robbed in his passage from through which the news of the neighbour-
western parts must have been as formidable one country to the other, but there cannot hood circulated, and he had a daily stock of
in anticipation, and often in reality, as a be a doubt that the journey was often dan- facts and fictions such as could be supplied
journey through the Highlands of Scotland gerous. The Government were aroused to by no one else. (Sometimes he was even so
before the days of General Wade. Eobert the necessity of doing something, so, without extravagant as to take a daily newspaper,
Laurence, an energetic Shrewsbury inn- an unreasonable delay, Telford, who was which afforded a constant excuse for paying
keeper, was the author of the innovation. regarded as the greatest engineer of his day, him a visit. He went regularly to church
When his coaches were on the road the was employed to plan the needful changes. with his wife and family, and even some-
journey of nearly 280 miles took three days What was the state of the road before Tel- times rose to the rank of churchwarden,
if all went well, but time indefinite if acci- the highest social dignity which could be
ford's improvements may be gathered from a
dents took place or the roads were more than Parliamentary Blue-book from which Mr. aspired to by those who were not distinctly
usually foul. Laurence was, however, not Harper gives some interesting quotations. among the gentry. He was occasionally,
the first to endeavour to provide regular " From Llangollen to Corwen," we are told, though not by any means always, a model
coach accommodation. One ran at intervals " the road is very narrow, long, and steep has ;
of sobriety. When this happened he gave
in that direction as early as 1657. Mr. no side fence, except about a foot and a half of a tone to his surroundings which it is not
Harper is not able to discover much regard- mould or dirt, thrown up to prevent carriages easy for us to realize. It was of such a
ing it. was probably soon discontinued,
It falling down three or four hundred feet into the man as this that the epitaph-maker wrote
and those among the more affluent who were river Dee. Stage coaches have been frequently
But still, dear friends, do not lament
compelled to travel there was little going overturned and broken down from the badness
of the road, and the mails have been overturned.
Your publican is gone,
to and fro for pleasure in those days rode The New Jerusalem hath no inns
on horseback. " Thickly wrapped in riding At Dinas Hill the width of the road is not Or Robinson had held one.
cloaks, and with jack boots up to their hips,
more than twelve feet at the steepest part of the
hill, and with a deep precipice on one side two Railways have changed all this except in
they splashed through mud and mire," doing ;
We
carriages cannot pass without the greatest a few very secluded places. are possibly
the journey in about six days when, as danger." more prosperous, certainly less picturesque.
Mr. Harper says, "they were both active The report assuredly does not exaggerate A hundred years ago almost every inn had
and fortunate." Those who were not bent
on going over sea probably for the most
the precipices are there still, and where its pictorial sign
sometimes two if it had
the new road does not follow the track a double entrance now such ornaments are
;
part rode their own horses, but when the of what it superseded the old highway nearly all gone their places stand empty, or
:
Channel had to be crossed the steeds were may, in many are disfigured by some vulgar advertisement.
places, still bo traced.
" ;
Henham.
the Story of a Feud.
(Burleigh.)
By Ernest G. various towns and settlements in this pleasant
valley land, from Henry Hudson's discovery in
shape of one of his suits, and, passing herself 1609 of the river that now bears his name to
off as her lover's rival, goes through a This is a capital story of the rough.
life in
1780, and he has been aided by a competent
variety of exciting adventures, in the course The plot is skilful and intricate altogether ;
photographer in illustrating his story and show-
of which she barely escapes hanging as a three feuds, and not merely one, as the sub- ing the native beauties of the country. He has
highwayman, and saves the life of that title suggests, run their course in these pages. not, however, furnished a map of the district,
peerless gallant Sir Percy de Bohun. Were The characters are at once picturesque and which would have been of great assistance to
it not that Beau Brummell is introduced as natural, a combination only possible where the reader in following a rather discursive nar-
the scene is laid in some corner of the earth rative. The author writes in an attractive style,
a leading personage, we should be inclined
to put the story back at least to the days of which the advancing tide of civilization has and has produced an entertaining and instructive
work. In the district in question remains are
Queen Anne but even at that comparatively not reached and the central conception, the
;
;
occasionally found of the ancient Indian forts,
remote period we doubt if assassination was terrible end of the destroyer of " Formic
yielding flint implements and pottery of uncer-
as rife in England as the author would have City," is not unworthy of Victor Hugo's tain date. Hudson sold to the Dutch his rights,
us believe. To her, however. Macaronis grandiose imagination. That it is impossible such as they were, over the lands he had dis-
and Mohocks, Wills's and White's are all any one familiar with Lord Avebury's book covered, but the country along the Mohawk
one. The duels, moreover, smack rather of about ants will be very chary of asserting. River was left to its Indian owners for long
modern France than of the days of English The quaintly-named gambling quartet add afterwards. The first European to visit it was
highwaymen. On the whole, we prefer a touch of genuine humour, and a soi-disant Arent van Curler, who, with two white com-
Indian maiden, who proves to be the panions and five native guides, penetrated into
Lady Peggy when she is in the country,
the Mohawks' territory in 1634, and appears to
and are disinclined to accept her statement daughter of a Scotch adventurer, the neces-
have made a good impression upon them. In
that she always loathed a hoiden. sary feminine element. Our only complaints 1642 Isaac Jogues, a Jesuit missionary, was
against Mr. Henham are on account of his proceeding along the St. Lawrence River under
meaningless monosyllabic title, the absence the care of a party of Huron Indians, in twelve
The Diamond of Evil. By Fred Whishaw. of a map, and a style occasionally forced to boats, when the party was attacked by Mohawks,
(Long.) the point of obscurity. and Jogues was taken to one of their " castles."
" There is nothing new under the sun," and Van Curler (or Corlear), hearing of the capture,
the ramifications of this very ordinary story went with a companion and interpreter to the
do nothing to modify the dictum. It deals ANTHROPOLOGY AND FOLK-LORE. spot and sought to obtain the release of Jogues
with extravagant adventures by flood and Fables and Folk- Tales from an Eastern Forest. and his lay colleague Goupil. Goupil was shortly
Collected and translated by Walter Skeat. afterwards killed, but Jogues remained in the
field, which concern a diamond of fabulous
worth, torn from the head of an Indian
(Cambridge, University Press.) ^During the pro- custody of the Indians for ten months, when he
gress of the Cambridge expedition of 1899 escaped to Canada. In 1645 he was sent by the
idol. Placed for security in the drum of through the remoter states of the Malay Penin- French Government of Canada to the Mohawks
a revolver, it becomes, through a strange sula, Mr. Walter Skeat found time to take on a mission of peace. He returned to their
mischance, the instrument of death to one down from the lips of some of the peasantry a castle and was tortured and murdered.
of its ravishers, and is recovered, after a number of good and, from a folk-lore point of When Van Curler arrived at Albany after
lapse of twenty years, from the remains view, interesting little stories. Their interest, his unsuccessful attempt to obtain the release
of its unfortunate victim, only to find a perhaps, does not consist in the fact that there of the missionaries he reported that the Mohawk
final resting - place in the depths of the is anything very new in them so much as in country was the most beautiful that the eye of
ocean. the fact that there is not. Puss in Boots and
' ' man had beheld, and in 1661 he succeeded in
Insufficient advantage is taken of
the wily fox of our fairy and folk tales are repre- purchasing a considerable quantity of land from
the romantic glamour which Oriental colour-
sented, as Mr. Skeat informs us, in the Ma- the natives, where in 1662 he established the
ing lends even to the most sordid surround- settlement of Schenectady. It was successful
layan by
ings, and errors are prevalent in details "a small chevrotain which is to be found in almost from the beginning, and by 1670 formed a
which ought not to have escaped the ob- every part of tbe jungles of Malaya. It is commonly township sixteen miles long and eight miles
servance of the most casual globe-trotter. called the Malayan mouse-deer; but in spite of its wide. It was divided into farms or fiats, and
As a whole the narrative is wanting in deli- name it belongs rather to the antelope tribe, the the descendants of the original owners may be
heel-bone (os calcis) of its hinder leg projecting in
cacy of treatment, is bizarre, crude, and a way which, I believe, is never seen" in the true
found in nearly every town in the valley.
sketchy, and might with advantage be very deer. Its eye-teeth, too, are curiously long and pro- Meanwhile, in 1663-4, the Dutch rights
jecting, and its hoofs are cloven to an extent which passed to the English, and the country reaching
materially condensed.
in so small a creature is really remarkable. At the from Canada to the town of Albany ultimately
same time it is a most beautiful little animal, wifh became Albany County inthecolony of New York.
big dark pleading eyes and all the grace and elegance
Prophet Peter. By Mayne Lindsay. (Ward, of a gazelle. It is a favourite character in Malayan
The infant settlement lived in continual alarm
Lock & Co.) folk-tales, in which it is credited with such inex- from the aggressions of the French of Canada
This is an unconventional and somewhat
haustible powers of resource and mother-wit that it upon their Indian neighbours, and at times from
is often given the name of Ment' ri B'lukar,' the
'
the warlike attitude of those neighbours them-
ambitious story, containing much that is Vizier of the Underwood (or Brush)." selves. They intrenched their settlement in a
comnaendable, but of far too morbid and No difficulties, indeed, are too great for it to stockade, and built a blockhouse similar to the
imaginative a tendency to convince. The overcome. It baffled the shark, which, instead Indian castles but, what was more important,
;
hero is a child of the soil who from early of dining on it, furnished it with the same meal. they gradually acquired the friendship of the
youth has dwelt in a world apart, peopled It baffled even King Solomon, and it overcame Mohawks. By degrees other townships were
by the creations of a disordered organiza- the tiger by subtlety. Mr. Skeat is anxious to settled along the course of the river, and the
tion. ascertain to what extent the native " Soother- village of Rotterdam still has in its near neigh-
Gifted, apparently, with sec )nd sight,
_
resided for twenty years, now called Fort turtle. Many of the stories load to explana- valuable writings of both these authorities are
Johnson, is within a mile of the city of Amster- tions of the reason why animals have assumed (juoted at some length.
dam. He was made superintendent of the their present shapes and parted with the ele- The dress or clothing of the Maori called for
Indians, and gained great influence over them ments of supernatural dignity and power which a dirterent style of ornament. Its principal
by just and honourable treatment, so that he they are supposed once to have possessed, and material was the native fiax. On this subject
was invested by them with the rank of a Mohawk which earned them the reverence in which they also ]\Ir. Best's testimony is important, as he
chief. Of him and other early colonists, French are still held. has gathered the particulars of the arts of
and English, Mr. Reid has many romantic Major Powell's introduction is well meant, weaving, preparing, and dyeing various fibres
stories to tell. but we are bound to confess that it does not add from the last home of that industry in the
ZuFii Folk- Tides. Recorded and translated much to the knowledge of the subject which Urewera country. The principal colours used
by Frank Hamilton Gushing. With an Intro- the stories themselves aftbrd. The publishers, in dyeing are red-brown, old gold, and yellow.
duction by J. NV. Powell. (Putnam.) In indeed, claim for the stories.that they open for A black dye also is used. These colours are
1878 Mr. Gushing accompanied the Steven- the writer of fiction a new and fantastic field of mingled and contrasted with good taste. The
son expedition to New Mexico and found his inspiration. We think that, to avail himself of mats, cloaks, and other garments thus made
life's work. The expedition returned, but he it, he would require some infusion of the Zuni were worn in graceful folds. Gloaks were also
remained among the Zufiis, won their afl'ection, genius, which is not very apparent in writers of formed of dogskin, and cloaks of sealskin are
learned their language, was initiated into their modern fiction. We can commend the work mentioned in Maori history. For a headdress,
secret societies, and studied them at his leisure. not merely to the specialist, who will find in feathers and the beaks of birds were used.
The result has been shown in several valuable it ample material for the comparative study of Women's girdles were in some cases made of
papers published by the Bureau of Ethnography myths and traditions, but to the general reader, strands of scented grass. A feather cloak, of
and in other works, and the record is now com- who, if he takes up one of these stories, will black and white feathers arranged in squares, is
pleted by this delightful series of folk - tales, hardly lay the book down till he has seen the figured from the .\uckland Museum. Some fine
which is, alas a posthumous publication.
! denoiiment of it, and till he has read a few more specimens of ornamental weaving and plaiting
Mr. Gushing afterwards entered upon other of them. It is not often that a book which is are figured from the British Museum.
successful explorations,but his study of the scientific, and mainly valuable for tracing the The Maori taste for ornament and personal
was enough to establish his reputa-
-Zuiii tribe origin of savage customs and beliefs, aft'ords so decoration was very pronounced. He painted
tion. We gather from an observation made by much romantic incident and imaginative charm. himself with ochre or red earth, he dressed his
him in the Journal of American Folk-lore that Maori Art. By A. Hamilton. Parts 3, 4, hair in elaborate plaits, he hung heavy pend-
it was his intention to add to the work intro- and 5. (Wellington, N.Z., the New Zealand ants to the lobes of his ears, he garnished his
ductory as well as supplementary chapters Institute.)
These three parts complete the neck with beautifully carved pendants of green-
essential to the proper understanding of the work commenced five years ago by the stone, and, above all, he had himself tattooed
many distinctively Zuni meanings and concep- Registrar of the University of Otago, who in the most elaborate fashion. This is a sub-
tions involved in the various allusions with desired to create a permanent record of ject which has been treated by Major-General
which these stories are teeming. No doubt the native art workmanship of the Maori Robley in his book on Moko or Maori Tattoo-
'
such an addition would have been of great value, race. It has been produced under the super- ing (Athenmim, No. 3003), and he contributes
'
but the tales speak for themselves, and the vision of a committee appointed by the New to the present work a drawing of four of the
other writings of Mr. Gushing supply so excel- Zealand Institute, consisting of Sir James tattooed heads in his collection. They confirm
lent a general view of Zuni myths that we may Hector, Mr. Percy Smith, and Mr. Edward his conclusion that "the native artist in moko
accept with profit and with gratitude what he Tregear, all well - known authorities on the must be entitled to the credit of great origin-
has been able to leave us. subject. Part 1 related to canoes part 2 to ality and taste in his patterns, and his skill was
;
The stories are full of evidence as to the primi- habitations. The three parts now before us such as to class him among the world's artists."
tive customs, traditions, and beliefs of these relate respectively to weapons, tools, and agri- The social life of the Maori is not treated at
people, who have occupied for so long the same cultural implements ;to dress and personal great length. The arts of pleasure, the games,
territory and handed down their lore for so decoration and to social life. The work in its
;
the toys, the " bull roarer," the war dances, the
many generations. There is one, however, entirety forms an encyclop;cdia of Maori art, athletic amusements, are passed under review.
which brings into high relief the invention and and the Institute, acting as publisher, declares It is interesting to observe among the games
poetic faculty of the people. Mr. Gushing was it to be the finest book yet published in New
one similar to that of " knuckle - bones,"
in the company of three Zuuis (among them Zealand. The author has been occupied for played with five round pebbles, a game the
old Piilowahtiwa and Waihusiwa, accomplished twenty years in gathering together the almost universal distribution of which has been
story-tellers, whose portraits adorn this book), materials. lately studied by Mr. E. Lovett. The art of
and was called upon in his turn to tell a story. The weapons of the Maori, in shape and music was greatly in favour with the Maori.
He responded with the familiar Italian accumu- substance, take kindly to their characteristic The songs of the operator soothed and encouraged
lative tale of the cock and the mouse. A year forms of decoration. The broad tongue of the the patient, man or girl, who was undergoing
after Mr. Gushing was present at a similar taiaha, rising out of a shaft crowned with a the torture of the moko. As Mr. W. B, Baker
gathering, when Waihusiwa was called on for conventionalized head, is covered with spiral showed in his paper read many years ago before
a story, and gave a Zuni version of the same ornaments carved in the hard wood. The the Ethnological Society, the songs of the Maori
Italian tale: "In the town of the Floods ordinary narrow fighting spear had similar are humorous, pathetic, warlike, and mytho-
Abounding (Venice) long ago there lived an old conventional carvings on the shaft, and some- logical. They have their jokes, tlieir love-songs,
vroman, of the Italy people, who, in the land times a chevron ornament leading up to the their laments, their dirges and find a poetic
;
of their nativity, are the parental brothers of point. The tewha-tewha, a weapon with a element in allthe circumstances of life. Among
the Mexicans, it is said" and he proceeded to
; broad axe-like blade, was adorned on the blade their musical instruments are the gong and the
" pakuru," which, though it is played by merely
develope the story with infinite poetical detail, with the characteristic spirals. A spear with
and to derive from it moral lessons, with two points in the British Museum, though not striking one .short stick against another, appears
theories of the origin of the appearance of the so highly ornamented as some other speci- to produce an excellent effect, if the following
cock's comb and of the mouse's tail, that threw mens, is believed to be uni(iue. The clubs of pretty little song is to be believed :
floods of light upon the genesis of similar myths polished greenstone assume a variety of elegant Listen now, my lady love,
and the genius of the races that have produced To my Kweet-souiiilliiK pukuru,
forms, but are from the nature of the material Setidiii({ forth its melody.
them. not 80 elaborately decorated as those made of UesouiKliiiK far 'tween eclioinjf clifft.
The Ureal liiiiK lorlli my love to you,
incident of the supernatural birth, which wood. Several forms of weapon made of bone As soft, fts dew on lenvee,
is 80 common an element of religious belief are also carved. Sounding from hill and dnle,
appears in many of their stories. The sun is For agricultural purposes the principal ArousiiiK from sweet sleep
usually the agent, and the result is twin boys, fjhc who lUls my nlKlitly dreams.
implement is the digger, from (> to 10 ft. long,
who engage in a number of adventures, usually Various kinds of pipes or flutes are also used.
with its ornamentally carved step or foot-rest
with a good object, as to rescue the innocent, attached about 12 or 18 in. from the point. Trumpets are made of shell, of wood, and of the
to circumvent the cunning, or to punish the' Mr. Hamilton classifies the tools used for general calabash. The jew's-harp appears to have been
violent. They live with their grandmother, who purposes into cutting tools, rasping tools, striking a favourite instrument.
seeks ineffectually to restrain them from their and crushing tools, and perforating tools. A very An excellent feature of the work is the
rash undertakings, and whom they always evade. glossary of words provided. In some cases the
effective cutting or sawing tool is formed by
The relation of grandmother, indeed, appears to inserting a row of shark's teeth in a richly definitions sui>i>licd arc full and complete,
' " '
that suporHuous matter which often highly ing by way of Mamtawe and Unyamanga, which
interesting in itself only serves to em- lie between Nyasa- and Tanganyika, and so
" Those men who were
"boys"] at the hotel [Europa, at St. Petersburg]
waiters [mahoi, i.e.,
barrass the beginner. We should question north-eastward to Ugogo, and through the
are not at all of the tribe of the Russians, they are
the statement on p. 6 that "the difference desert of Marenga Mkali back to the coast. Germans [watu iva kid/-utschi] or Tartars. And
between the two sounds of hi and dhl is much We have had some little difficulty in checking these Tartars are Moslems. The boys who waited
like the difference between the th in the Eng- Sleman's progress on the maps at our disposal, at our table were all Moslems. When I asked them
lish words 'thigh' and thy " a distinct
' '
which is probably not so much his fault, tliough for my food and for that which I wished to drink,,
element, absent in the former, being intro- some lapses of memory would be excusable they were astonished [and said] ' do you not Why
eat pork nor drink wine I answered, I do not .'
' '
duced into the latter. But nothing is so diffi- after a two years' interval (the account was drink wine nor eat pork because I am a Moslem.'
cult as to give an account of sounds in print, dictated in 1893), as that of the maps. Even were And they answered that they too were Moslems. I
even if one has recourse to the whole array of all the minor details more than approximately thought they were making game of me, and eaid..
Lepsius's diacritical marks. We have never correct when first laid down, they could not '
How is it that you are Moslems in this country ?
heard ama-ha for graves (p. 30), but always long remain so African villages in those
;
They said, Our tribe is called [that of] the Tartars,,
'
guage. It is an interesting phenomenon philo- On the whole, the narrator has some excuse following sentences will show that the reader
logically,as lately pointed out by Prof. Hessel- for his pessimistic conclusion that " if a man is in no danger of being demoralized by toO'
ing; but it never was, as some imaginative has not yet travelled on the Barra (the main- '
' much assistance from his "crib" (p. 46):
writers have asserted, the official language of land) " he does not know the troubles of this " Tukenda zetu hatta kwa Mawala.
the late Transvaal Government, whicli used a world." At the same time, the narrative And we went our [way] as far as to Mawala's.
perfectly correct (from the grammatical purist's itself is not without indications that the ver- Tukapanga, tukapeleka inahongo.
point of view), but somewhat antiquated, Dutch sions of the sultans might have been worth And we pitched our camp, aad sent tribute, and
in fact, the Dutch of Van Eiebeek and the hearing. akakataa. Tukamwambia, Unafanya ugorofi '
the Taal proper is, besides being a curiosity, panied Major von Wissmann, in 1891, on the ex-
pedition undertaken to place a German steamer
wa nini tena
bad luck of what, again ?
Akatwambia. Nataka
And he said to us, I
.'
' '
'
Suahelisprache). Von Dr. C. Velten, Lehrer of his former patrons, Dr. Bumiller, through finished all.'
des Suaheli am Seminar fiir orientalische Russia and Siberia. We Tuheyula, of course, is for tit-lca-enda. Between
quote a short passage
Sprachen. (Gottingen, Vandenhoeck & from each, translating as literally as possible, this and the following there should surely be
Ruprecht.) ReiseschiUleriDificii der Suaheli. in order to preserve the quaint charm of the room for an accurate and yet not uncouth
Herausgegeben und iibersetzt von Dr. C. original :
rendering :
Velten. (Same publishers.) Dr. Velten has "Near Naples-it takes two hours going there is "AufunseremWeitermarschekamenwirzum Sultan
already published a collection of Swahili tales, a mountain of fire, which is called Vesuv. And Mawala. Nachdem wir uns gelagert batten, schick-
the fruit of his leisure hours as Govern- that fire came out of the ground, eighteen hundred ten wir ihm seinen hongo, aber er weigerte sich
ment interpreter at Dar-es-Salaam, and he and twenty years ago, as people have told me, and ihn zu nehmen. Wir sagten zu ihm, ]Va.ssoH deim '
now presents us with seven texts which will now it is always burning. And it destroyed two das hemen ? Er'erwiderte, Ich wiinsche dass ihr
'
And when the day that I am talking of vincial words she is not always happy, e.y.,
{cliechema docs not appear in the vocabulary),
(Which God forfeiid :) is come, it will be cold. The wind dropped dead at the forest edges
and we should be disposed to i-ender tiic But if there is another place than this. Asa bird from the stone that a slinger lledges ;
passage thus :
Where all the men will greet nie as " Old Man," and the second line of the following couplet,
"We remained there because the leader of the And all the women wrap me in a smile,
Where money is more useless than a kiss. The reaper thinks of harvest, and the children think of
caravan was ill. We stayed seven days, and on the And good wine not put beneath the ban,
is nutting,
eighth be grew a little better [akapata hajaniho 1 will go there and stay a little while. And the bramble feels her hip3 growing red and growing
kidogo]. We started him on the road [tulamtia strong,
njiani]. and [=though] he still vall.ed a little lame.'' But Mr. Carman no blatant and incurable
is
argues a certain insensibility to the ludicrous.
optimist. He sees life in no monotonous bath
The word, too. which is repeatedly translated
of sunshine, but as it is, with its shifting and
We lay no stress on these shortcomings, which
by List, really means " violence." These are amply redeemed. As a characteristic
observations may seem hypercritical but it ;
varied lights and shadows. In particular, the example of the author's verse we may quote
is important, when so few Swahili texts are
interrogation marks with which it begins and THE Sl.MLOWLR.
available, that those few should be edited ends are not hidden from him. Using a The Sunflower bows upon her breast
with tlie most scrupulous care. We welcome metaphor of which he is fond, he compares Her golden head, and goes to rest,
Forgetting all the days that were
the publication of such documents as these, himself to the vagrant bee, trying the When she was young and proud and fair ;
and trust that they maybe followed by others, uncharted flowers :
And in the glowing August air
From gorgeous // to dark Perhaps Bees came and sought and found her sweet.
and particularly that the unpublished mate- I blunder down the dusk of years.
Now earth is cold about her feet,
rials believed to exist in considerable quan- And wasps forsake her, and the sun
tities especially ancient poems may one day Many of his verses have their origin in No longer seeks her for the one
moods extremely conscious of the pathetic Flower in his splendid image made.
see the light. Her beauty 's done, her farewell said,
sidcof things, of the dcsiderium, rendered more Her large leaves fold in weary wise,
acute by the remorseless fidelity of memory, And heavy are her great brown eyes.
EECENT VERSE. Such, for instance, is The living rubies that would run
of a vanished mistress. Across her discs that mocked the sun
Bcdlads and Ltjrics. By Bliss Carman. 'Low Tide on Grand Pre,' a poem which, Tlie ladybirds sleep, every one.
(Bullen.)
It is to be hoped that this rather markedly for one who is on the whole so The fjreat stalk stoops towards the earth
Where all dreams end, whence all have birth.
little selection of pieces, old and new, may original and self-sufficient a writer, betrays the The hive-bee has forgotten quite
serve to enlarge the borders of Mr. Carman's influence of Mr. Swinburne. Such also are How once he loved her, for the night
'The Last Room,' a fine bit of symbolism, Has come wherein no bee can spy
audience. It is put together with a sparing Sweets in this sunflower, dead and dry.
hand, and with some unaccountable omissions. 'At Columbine's Grave,' with its exquisite
Mrs. Chesson writes charmingly of fairyland.
Nevertheless it contains a fair sample of the self-critieismof the optimist, and The Northern '
Even Saxons may enjoy the play entitled
qualitj- of a writer from whose work the Vigil,' a powerful vision of the lover waiting '
INIuirgeis,' which is to be produced as the
authentic note of poetry is rarely altogether in the empty house for the woman who comes
libretto of an Irish opera and is full of the
absent. Mr. Carman should appeal to an age no more :
That strain in us, which still must fare, event celebrated, but we think that vicLssi-
but to bear a bluebird sing. tudinary gloom " is too much of a mouthfuL
Is and hails all artists as
He has the "wander-biddings" upon him, You whom the haunted vision drives, The gift of using such Latinisms is a very
driving him to far travel over sea and land, Incredulous of home and ease. delicate thing. Milton and Shakspeaie had it.
and he returns to chant the song of " the open
Perfection's lovers all your lives.
Wordsworth had it sometimes. We do uot
road": He not himself an impeccable or finished
is like some of the metaphors. Thus we are
Now tlie joys of the road are chielly these artist, but he is a genuine one. By methods told that Victoria's virtue
A crimson touch on the hard-wood trees ; of his own, direct, slangy, legardlcss of the damac<-ne
A vagrant's morninf; wide and blue. conventions of language, and often of tlie Our g'nive of empcry with diviner gold
Than any our uloryhig steel guarded <! O.d.
In early fall, when the wind walks, too decencies of rhyme, ho succeeds in making his
A shadowy highway cool and brown. In the house of Idiedaily, he The first part of the poem is somewhat too
impression.
Alluring up and enticing down catechetical in form on the other hand,
;
tells us,
From rippleil water to dappled swamp, Not a night but some brown maiden vocatives throughout aro fortunately absent.
From purple glory to scarlet pomp ; Bettered all the <lu8k she strayed in.
The Ode closes with a really fine prayer,
The outward eye, the quiet will.
And the striding heart from hill to hill;
While the roses In her hair
Baukrujited oblivion there.
breathing the elevated spirit of Mr. Kipling's
and her captains, the same scale placed over the Palestine vegeta- 1728 " H. David Nieto disappeared," when, in
the flinty iibta of doom. tion map. An index covering fourteen octavo fact, he at that date died a natural and orderly
That smote the Don, and made the sea a tomb
For England's foes for ever, pages contains all the names shown on the map, death. But the language lacks dignity and con-
and of Canada : which according to a statement on the title-page ciseness all through the book. The facsimile*
Tall Canada, whose lakes are shining shields,
number about 3,180. We
hope that both and illustrations are not all equally well repro-
Brandishes her bright river like a spear. students and travellers will make full use of the duced, though the want of clearness may in
There docs not seem to be any reason why publication, which can be had in different forms some cases be due to the bad condition of the
the last line of the first stanza should be left to suit the diverse purposes of the lecture-room, originals. Several of the portraits, including
ixnrhymed, nor can "heir" be considered a the study, and the traveller's bag. Dr. Gaster's own, are, however, finely done.
legitimate rhyme to "her."
Hehreni Illustrated Bibles of the Ninth and
And what the interest of this performance,
is
Tenth Centuries and a Samaritan Scroll of the
which, by the way, includes some bold metrical OUR LIBRARY TABLE.
experiments ? It is that Mr. Douglas has style
Law of the Eleventh Century, together vnth Eight
Plates of Eacsimiles, tt'C. Published for the First Recreations and Reflections (Dent & Co.), a
and originality, and that, while he shows traces
Time by M. Gaster. (Printed by Harrison & collection of "middles" from the Halnrdaij
of what he has read and stored in his memory,
he is no slave to any one master or school of
Sons.) The facsimiles are excellently executed. Review, contains papers by some thirty different
Plates i. and ii. contain texts of the Pentateuch authors upon half a hundred difi'erent topics,
poetry, and should go further. Some of our
better established craftsmen construct un-
and the Psalms of about the same date. On introduced by a characteristic .sonnet of Mr.
assailable mosaics from the best sources they
plates iii. - v. are collected a number of Swinburne's. Wo find Mr. George Dewar dis-
;
assuredly stir us, and his experiments will lead does it seem to us that the Samaritan scrolls of Arthur Symons three acute dramatic studies
;
to a higher rank than the classic safety or the Pentateuch shown on plates vii. and viii. by Mr. Max Beerbohm a temperate paper,
;
austerity of too many poets to-day. are so old as Dr. Gaster thinks them to be. 'In Honour of Chaucer,' by Mr. Churton.
It would, indeed, have been safer to date Collins; two judicious essays on Savonarola
most of the fragments a century later than the and Zwinglius, by Canon Henson and a ;
PALESTINE AND THE JEWS. dates given on the title-page. The two essays slighter one, on Quotability,' by Mr. Stephen
'
Elements of the Jewish and Mnhammadan preceding the facsimiles are reprinted from the Gwynn. These are perhaps the best-knowri
Calendars, with Rules and Tables, and Explana- Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archjeo- names in our contemporary's collection but ;
tory Notes On the Julian and Gregorian Calen- logy. They are written in Dr. Gaster's usual we are far from implying that their essays
dars. By the Rev. S. B. Burnaby. (Bell style, showing much learning and a certain eclipse the rest in point of merit. Indeed, it
& Sons.)
Mr. Burnaby possesses the gift amount of sprightly cleverness, but deficient in is remarkable that all the papers reach much
the same level of excellence though, on
required for the compilation of a work of this critical consistency and conciseness of expres- :
kind. He also has the power of making things sion. The essays will, however, be found use- second thoughts, not so remarkable, when
plain to those who may be disposed to follow ful, and may lead others to institute further we consider that the book is an anthology
him in his course of intricate calculation. But investigations on both Hebrew illuminations culled from an extensive field. We would
even those who may not have the necessary and Samaritan scrolls of the law. The volume direct particular attention to a subtle criti-
patience or leisure at their command can derive as a whole is certainly worth possessing. cism of Ruskin by Mr. D. S. MacColL
much profit from the book by consulting the But what is perhaps more instructive is ta
History of the Ancient Synagogue of the observe the effect of the genre itself upon the-
elaborate tables embodied in it. The Table '
were concerned, but seems, on the whole, to The main value of this interesting and hand- general it strikes us that those subjects in-
have made the most of his opportunities. It is, some volume lies in the publication of a number which the impression counts for most, rather
however, difficult to see why he should have of deeds and documents which had hitherto than reasoning or erudition, are the most suc-
volunteered the remark that " Marheshwan is lain secreted in the repository of the Bevis cessfully treated. In a class of writing in
Hebrew, and indicates a month in which rainy Marks Synagogue. The earliest and most im- which brevity is imperative we look for com-
weather prevails," the fact being that the word portant of these contains the first petition of pression, for telling and suggestive observa-
is not Hebrew, and that rainy weather
the Jews addressed to Charles II., together tions, for the epigrammatic turn which carries
has in
all probability nothing to do with with the king's reply, granting them royal pro- the reader's thought beyond the actual words.
it. Mr. tection and guaranteeing their safety. This, however, is not the note of the book. Its
Burnaby may have consulted Buxtorf, who does "The list
mention such an opinion, but philology does not of members belonging to the Spanish and note is rather one of grace and delicate
now stand where Buxtorf left it. Slips of this Portuguese congregation in London at the handling. But gracefulness and delicacy are-
kind do not, however, detract from the value present time, given at the end, maybe regarded apt to require all the room and atmosphere for
of the calendar proper, and we hope that as a copy of the latest document in possession themselves, and consequently, if we get the
Mr. of the Synagogue. fine flavour of any subject, we are necessarily
Burnaby will continue his studies of the "other The history of the congre-
Calendars and Eras " to which he has already gation is peculiar. In its beginnings it consisted compelled to forgo most of the body of it.
devoted much attention. largely of families of crypto- Jews who had The result is that many of these studies are
deterniined to shake off the external observances somewhat on the surface, somewhat gadabout,
Topographic xl and Physical Map of Palestine.
of Christianity originally imposed on them by and coquette a little too much with their
Compiled from the Palestine Exploration Fund
the persecutions in Spain. The zeal displayed themes. The butterfly which is engraved as
Surveys and other Authorities, under the
by these men for the religion which for a long a headpiece to the volume is the best index to
Direction of J. G. Bartholomew, and edited
time they could only cherish in private was its contents, and perhaps, after tliis frank
by George Adam Smith, D.D. (Edinburgh,
truly remarkable and their activity is eloquently premonition, we ought not to demand more.
T. & T. Clark.) A more excellent map than ;
described by their present chief, the editor of For any one who cares to sip at the Pierian
the one before us could hardly be devised.
this volume. Among the points of more general spring, instead of drinking deep, this volume
It embodies a complete survey of the country
interest is the gratitude expressed by Lord will prove a pleasant companion.
as it exists in the present day, and there
are Beaconsfield in a letter to Sir Joseph Sebag
also inscribed on it all the Biblical
names of Mk. Henry Elliot Malden has written for
Montefiore for restoring the grave of his
places, rivers, and mountains. On the side of the series "University of Cambridge College
grandfather Benjamin Disraeli. We are bound
the big map are two smaller ones, respectively Histories" the account of Trinity Hall, the
to say that in some respects the book has
showing the environs of Jerusalem and the modern name of that most ancient body " the
been hastily compiled. A chapter on the
vegetation of Palestine. The portions fit for College of the Scholars of the Holy Trinity of
relation of Cromwell to the Jews would
cultivation,which are distinguished by deeper Norwich," and the volume is published by
have been a suitable addition to a work of
green colouring, appear small in comparison to Messrs. F. E. Robinson & Co. The book is
this kind but Dr. Gaster would have none of
the whole area; but the limestone hill-lands. ;
modest and good. In the preface as well as
it, and he appears to speak slightingly of the in the text there is full acknowledgment of
the opinion of many of its grathiates, hold from his first ship can scarcely bo expected Earl of Manchester they may be new to' ;
views not sound was, curiously enough, the to throw any new light on the history of the many readers.
very point upon which he has contributed war, though they tell pleasantly enough what Wr. have on our table Splendid Mourniuij,.
to the work namely, the connexion of the he saw and what he heard. Mrs. Kelly sup- by Cranstoun Metcalfe (Ward & Lock), A
college with the study of the civil law. plies a fair abstract of the story of the cam- Life at Stake, by J'ercy Andrcae (Ward dt
When a particular body in a university paign, and adds an interesting chapter on the
'Charge of the Light Brigade,' by one who
Lock), ,1 Strauije Flopenienl, by \V. Clarlc
has the unique advantage of a special con- Pussell (Macmillan), 7'((p(i, by C.N.William-
nexion, such as that which from the time of
rode in it, and describes it we believe accu- son (Mcthuen),
The Miikiua of the Empire,
its fomider. Bishop Batemau, the College of
rately as not a "charge" at all, but an by Arthur Temple (Melrose),^2'/ic U'esse.v of
the Holy Trinity of Norwich had with the advance at the trot. Naturally ]\Ir. Stothert Jiomance, by W. Sherren (Chapman & Hall),
civil law, with Church law, and with the diplo- did not give a roseate picture of camp life Kinij Lear, by D. N. Smith (Blackie & Son),
matic profession, it should surely bo retained during that terrible Crimean winter; but after Faslors and Teachers, by the Pight Rev. E.
at all hazards. The first edition of the re- six weeks of it, and before the worst came, Arbuthnott Knox, D.D., Bishop of Coventry,
vised statutes under the University Commission his own health broke down and he was sent to with an Introduction by the Right Rev.
made wholly insufficient provision for the pecu- Constantinople. When fit for duty he rejoined Charles Gore, D.D., Bishop of Worcester
liar nature of the college, and Mr. Latham his ship, and his account of what was going on (Longmans),
Distiuiiuishcd Clnirchmeti, by
was not friendly to the widening which the on shore is mainly hearsay. Perhaps the most Chas. 11. Dant (Trcherne),--Foi(r Old Greeks,.
draft afterwards underwent. Moreover, it is truly interesting pages of the volume are those by Jennie Hall (New York, Rand, McNally &
a well-known fact that he preferred to attract, of the short preface, in which Vice-Admiral Co.), Science of JSIechanics, by Dr. E. Mach
from time to time, mathematical and classical Powlett comments on our shortcomings then (Chicago, the Open Court Publishing Co.),
scholars bj' exhibitions and fellowships rather and at other times. " The dictum Si vis pacem. 'The Steam Turbine, by R. M. Neilson (Long-
than attempt to raise the standard of legal para helium," he says, " meets with but scant mans), Siudirs in the Lives of the Saints, hy
studies. Bishop Bateman, the founder, was respect. '
In time of danger, not before,' is E. Hutton (Constable), G' rent Mottoes xoith
a most remarkable ecclesiastic and diplo- our way," as, indeed, it always has been and ; Great Lessons: Addresses to Children, by
matist, and, although somewhat old-fashioned though at present we hear a great deal of the G. C. Martin (Allenson), Quaker Pioneers in
as a theologian and inclined to support national determination to be thoroughly pre- liussia, by Jane Benson (Headley Bros.),
the extreme pretensions of the Avignon pared next time, there are, as Admiral Powlett Tij])es British Plants, by G. S. Colman
of
Popes, displayed in the foundation of the remarks, many who can remember similar good (Sands),
Ora Maritinia, a Latin Sionj for-
college an enlightened patriotism and a regard resolutions made at the time of the Russian Beijinncrs, by Prof. E. A. Sonnenschein,
for the diplomatic equipment of his country war, and also the result. D.Litt. (Sonnenschein), Is there a i?e/iVyio?i
which place him almost by himself among of Nature^ by P. N. Waggett (S.P.C.K.),
The Collefje Student and his Problems. By
Englishmen. It is a pity that Trinity Hall, (New York, the Joseph Joint Gurnen, a Study for Younij Men,
James Hulme Canfleld.
in enormously increasing the number of its
Macmillan Company.) " Non cuivis homini by J. B. Braithwaite (Headley Bros.), .Sfotf-s-
undergraduates and in becoming famous in the tical Studies in ihe Neiu York Monry Market,
contingit adire Corinthum." But there does
world of sport, should have undergone decline
not seem any reason why every American
by John P. Norton, Ph.D. (Macmillan), Our
in its position as the home of a peculiar branch Kinq and Queen: the Story of their Life, by
young man should not go to college if he
of learning at least as necessary in modern as in his expenses, including W. H. Wilkins, F.S.A. (Hutchinson), ^cifJi-
pleases, seeing that
medireval times. Although the canon law is a metic and Algebra, by John Davidson and John
board, and room, need not exceed tlie
little out of date, and Doctors' Commons
long
fees,
modest sum of 21?. a year. All the more so
Adams, B.Sc. (Hodder & Stoughton), Hiy/icc
an appendix of the college shorn of its ancient
as Mr. Canfteld, the author of The College
'
Mathematics for Students of Chemistry and
glory, yet the civil law has attained to fresh Physics, l)y J. W\ Mellor, D.Sc. (Longmans),
Student and his Problems,' counsels him to
importance as the basis of many of the codes flic First Latin Book, by H. W. Atkinson
borrow, if he cannot otherwise obtain the
of the Empire, and the college ought to have and J. W. E. Pearce {Dent),lieli(jion,A(inos-
means advice which will sound strangely in
been the great training-ground in the present ticism, and Fducation, by J. L. Spalding
the ears of English parents, accustomed as
day both of administrators for South Africa (Chicago, McClurg & Co.), and Instructions
they are to consider ignorance a lesser evil
and of judges for the Judicial Committee of the on Preachinfj, by the Rev. P. Boyle (Dublin,.
than debt. There is no doubt that the eft'orts
Privy Council. Our author, by the way, adojots
of the universities in the United States to
Gill & Son).
the modern phrase, "thellall." Halfacentury
adapt themselves to the needs of a rapidly
ago, and, indeed, up to a much later date, the LIST OF HEW BOOKS.
expanding civilization have been rewarded
use of this phrase for the college was looked
not only by the increased respect of their ENGLISH.
upon as the sign of the unredeemed and un- alumni, but by the growth of a feeling in the Theology.
mitigated cad. In recent years the appella-
business world as to the commercial value of Dictionary of tlie Bible, edited by J. Hastings, i vol*.
tion has been proudly adopted from the lower
men who have received a higher education imp. 8vo. fiiU gilt, 144,/
Sabatier (A.), OutUnee of a Pliilosoi.hy of Hcligion based on
classes of the townof Cambridge by the most dis-
very different from that which prevailed fifty Psychology and History, extra cr. 8vo, 7/6
tinguished members of the college. Mr. Latham Watkinson (W. L.), The Bane and the Antidote, and other
years ago, and in this country prevails still in
himself as Vice-Master used always to protest Serraojif, cr. 8vo, 3/6
many quarters. The wide range of choice, not
against the use of a name which in his last Fine Art and Archaohgv.
only of institutions, but of curricula and of
years, like everybody else, he acknowledged. D'Esterre -Keeling (E.), Sir Joshua Keynolds, P.R.A..
subjects, open to the American student is 8vo, 3 6 net.
The change of usage with regard to the cr.
well illustrated by the present volume. At the Jennings (A. S.), Paint and Colour Mixing, 8vo, 5/ net.
word "Christian" was not more complete
same time it is pleasant to find its author Poetry and Drama.
than the alteration in sentiment with regard Shal<espeare, Marina, a Dramatic Romance, edited by S.
insisting so strongly on the educational value
to the name " the Hall." We should be inclined Wellwood, 8vo, 3/ net.
of " the somewhat old-fashioned, but very
to question our author's statement that " in Philosophy.
desirable course containing Latin and Greek," PeronaI Idealism Essays by Members of the University
of
any case the Hall would have remained a :
and more broadly of what he calls " general O.xford, edited by H. Sturt, 8vo, 10/ net.
Hall," for, according to what we think the
culture courses," as indispensable prelimi- Hiatory and Biography.
better view, it never was a Hall, though called
naries to the highly specialized technical and Fowler (H. N.), A History of Ancient Greek Literature,
by its founder "the College or Hall of the Armed with 8vo, 6' net.
professional courses to follow. cr.
Holy Trinity of Norwich." It always was a Goodall (F.).U<-mini8cence8 of, 8vo, 12/
this manual the American student should be Lesplnasse (Mile, de). Letters, translated by
P. Wormeley.
college in the points in which an Oxford
able to give a good account of the faith that Last Will and Testament, edited ty
college differed from an Oxford hall, and it "Plentitude" is doubtless a Ilhod'e^' (c"'j.)! "the
is in him. W. T. Stead, 8vo. 2,6
was indeed more of a college than other col-
printer's error. Geography and Travel.
leges, because the scholars were associated
Dutt (W. A.t, Norfolk, 13mo, 3/; leather. 3/6 net.
with the Master and fellows as nominal We note a pleasing addition to Messrs.
Science.
members of the governing body. Even now Methuen's " Little Library " in .1 Litllr nook imp. Hvo, Ii; nf;t-
and arranged by Ellis (O ). Modern Practical Joinery,
the form of admission of a scholar of of Life and Death, selected SuLmarlnc Warfare. Past, Present, and i uture.
Fyfe (H. C.).
Trinity Hall recognizes this distinction. Elizabeth Waterhouse. It consists of short
Woodhull (J. F.). Element, of
So far as is possible, accuracy seems to have extracts in prose and verse from a variety of Hende"'s<;n'"(a"H.) and
been attained in the volume, and the only authors, ranging from Solomon and I'lato (who, J,.kv'ilTo.T;nd'M'aw(e";\E.). Ko.e. for
English Gardens.
positive mistake that we have noticed is the by the way, is rather oddly confused with 8vo, U'/ 'K't- o
8vo, -J.X .,.f
net.
(G.), Birds in the Garden, cr.
./fl
familiar one of the misspelling of the Christian Socrates) to Mr. Kudyard Kipling and Mr. Sharp
General Literature.
name of Lord Edniond Fitzmaurice. Stephen Phillips. A fastidious reader will H
Banks (N. H.). Oldd.-M, cr "vo.
UxoEii the title of From tlic Fled in Ihe probably feel that a good many weak and Hurfln (d K in A Wilful Wumtin. cr. 8vo. 6/
the Stock Kxrhange. </
Fifties: a IlisLoru of the Crimean War (Hurst insignificant poems require his indulgence, C i^vl"!! ( "; iv-.V to . 1,.. Hul... of
Scot. cr. 8o. 5/
consideration of Cropland (T. W. H.), The Unspeakable
& Blackett), Mrs. Tom Kelly publishes the but he will readily give it in
; :
Jiiiglieh Girl in Paris (An), cr. 8vo, 6/ " absfjlutely no mention" of fireflies "in all our still companion of the dew, the glowworm
Hales (A. Q.), McOltislty, extra cr. 8vo, 6/ with her drop of moonlight." Isidorus, as cited
Jessett (M. G.), The Boiui of Empire, cr. 8vo, (i/
the writings of antiquity," I can at once refer
MatliewB (F. A.), My
Lady Peguy goes to Town, cr. Svo, 6/ him to the following passages in Aristotle and by Forcellini, also confounds the two insects :
Vol. 5, 3fr.
Philology.
ripening of barley and for the sowing of millets latet," The influence of metrical quantity upon
Berneker (E.), Slaviscbe Cbrestomatbie m. Glossaren, 12m. is one, the shining of the cicinduke,' so the '
ancient poetry would be an interesting subject
.Eicbboff (T.), Der Weg zu Sbakespeare, 3m. 60. rustics call them, but the Greeks lampyrides.' '
for examination. R. Gaknett.
Langkavel (M.), Die franzosiscben Ubertragungen v.
Goetbes Faust, 4m. How boundless is the bounty of Nature " Both I
Middendorff (H.), Altengliscbes Flurnamenbuch, 3m. these passages undoubtedly refer to Lampijris A QUESTION OF FACTS.
Scienct. italica, the lucciole of the modern Italians. July 13tb, 1902.
Brunbes L'Irrigation, 15fr.
(J.),
The fireflies or glowworms of Southern Asia
Oautier(E. F.), Madagascar: Essai de
I too much appreciation of the value of
HAVE
Geographic Pbysique,
25fr. and South America are species of Fulgora. All your space to trouble you with the endless
General Literature. the same, it is remarkable that there should question of what is plagiarism and what is not ;
Bfirard (A.), Marcella, 3fr. 50.
BlaizeXJ.), Bonheur en Germe, 3fr. 50.
be no allusion in the poetical writings of the but I am sorry that 1 have not been able to
Dorys (G), La Femme Turque, 3fr. 50. Greeks and Romans to the firefly, for the protest before against the charge of literary
Ilanotaux (G.), Du Cboix d'une Carrifire, 3fr. 50. phenomenon of their periodic appearance, how- theft which appeared in your issue of last week
M6rouvel (C), Martba, 3fr. 50.
Kabden (Baronne de), Le Koman de l'euy5re, 3fr. 50.
ever familiar, is always striking, and always over the name of Mr. J. Horace Round, who
Saus8ine(H. de>, Le Vqile de Tanit, 3fr. 50. suggestive of poetical imagery. complains that " four out of five " notes which
George Bird wood. appeared in the Obiter Scripta '
column of '
THE DISBANDING OF THE CROMWELLIAN ARMY" the St. James's Gazette were stolen from an
33, Norbam Koad, Oxford. Hampstead, July 14th, 1902. article by him in the Monthly Review.
On
re-examining, as your reviewer suggests, The firefly was undoubtedly known to the Mr. Round has given us a daring definition
the question of the amount of arrears paid the Greeks and Romans of the classic age. After indeed of plagiarism. Let me state frankly at
Cromwellian army on disbandment, I per-
its reading Sir David Hunter-Blair's letter in your once that his article was one of several sources
ceive that I did over-estimate the sum paid, but last number I turned to Forcellini under cicin- to which I referred when writing the column
not to the extent which the reviewer supposes. dela, and found him citing Pliny, lib. xviii. cap. on 'Coronation Titles.' It happened that the
He quotes a very interesting account proving 66 " Lucentes vespere per arve cicindelpe ita
:
; Monthly Review was the most accessible of the
that the sum of 341,000L was paid, but this appellant rustici stellantes volatus, Grseci vero many books and magazines which might have
account is evidently incomplete. The report lampyridas." Referring to the pa.ssage to ascer- helped me in my search for facts. But does
which the Commissioners for Disbanding pre- tain whether Pliny had said anything further, I Mr. Round imagine that his writing an article
sented to the House of Commons on November was rewarded by encountering a fine burst of on Coronation peerages in February precludes
Cth, 1660, states that the number of regiments rhetoric, even though the point of view be any other person from touching upon so natural
to be disbanded in England and Scotland rather that of utility than of beauty :
a topic in June ?
amounted to twenty-four regiments of foot and " Bxtremo autem hoc tempore [that of the first Mr. Round is surely not asserting his claim
fifteen regiments of horse, besides the lifeguard. visible rising of the Pleiades about the second week to a copyright in facts ? One of the facts, I
On the other hand, the account quoted by the in May] panicimiliiquesatioest. Incredibilibenigni- think, which I " stole " from his article was
reviewer includes only twelve regiments of tate naturjE ! Jam Vergilias in ccolo notabiles that Queen Victoria created eleven Coronation
catervas fecerat non tamen his contenta, terrestres
horse, and thirteen, or rather twelve and a half,
fecit alias,
;
veluti vociferans, Cur ccelum intuearis, peers in 1838. Has Mr. Round copyrighted
regiments of foot. It is certain that the regi- agricola ? Ecce tibi inter herbas tuas spargo this historic fact Was it unknown before he
I
ments not mentioned therein did receive their peculiares easque vespere et ab opere
_
Stellas, world last February ? If not,
declared it to the
arrears, for the sura paid to many of them is
disjungenti ostendo, ac ne possisprjcterire, miraculo where did he obtain his information ? and by
given in Mermrius Puhlicus and other news- solicito. Habes ante pedes tuos ecce Vergilias." what moral law is his transference of the fact
papers. The omission is perhaps due to the It would be interesting to know whether from the Annual Register less heinous than
'
'
fact that they were paid from some different Tennyson's beautiful couplet in Locksley '
the act of a busy journalist who jogged his
source. Hall is to be reckoned among his happy bor-
'
memory with the aid of the Monthly Eevieio for
As to the total sum expended in this way, the rowings :
last February I
Heport of November 6th ('Commons' Journals,' Many a night I saw the Pleiads, rising through the mellow I am not concerned by Mr. Round's sugges-
shade,
viii. 176) states that 250,000L had been already
Glitter ILke a swarm of firejlies tangled in a silver braid. tion that I know very the peerage.
little of
It
paid away, and that 435,000?. more was still is true. It unfortunately, that the
is true,
In another place (lib, xi. cap. 34) Pliny
required to complete the business. This gives a journalist must write hurriedly of many sub-
total of 685,000Z., which was the basis of my state- speaks of fireflies under the name lampyrides
" Lucent ignium modo noctu, laterum et.clunium jects of which he knows little, and the secret
ment that about 700,OOOL was spent in this way. of the successful journalist of to-day lies surely
However, I made the mistake of not deducting colore, [candore ?] lampyrides, nunc pennarum
in the maxim that next to knowing a thing
from this sum the amount spent, or to be spent*, hiatu refulgentes, nunc vero compressu obum-
himself, the best thing is to know where to
bratffi non ante matura pabulaaut post desecta
in paying off ships viz., 161,0002. The sum' ;
IN ITALY. research.
July 12tb, "Their bright light evanescent, and alternates
WITH
1902. is
with the darkness, as if the swift wheeling of the
The Writer of '
Obitek Scripta.'
reference to the note in the Athenceum
of to-day by Sir David Hunter-Blair, I have earth struck fire out of the black atmosphere as if
;
the winds were being set upon this planetary grind- ROBERT CROMWELL.
never made a study of the animals known to
stone, and gave out such momentary sparks from
the ancients beyond that of their portraiture in their edges,"
Nearly fifty years ago Mr. John Forster
5)ainting and sculpture and on coins ; but made the interesting discovery that the parish
as isconstrained by regard for truth to add, " Their register of Felsted, in Essex, contained the
regards Sir David's statement that there is
light is not nearly so beautiful and poetical as
entry of the burial of Oliver Cromwell's eldest
' "
well, filius honorandi viri M''*01iveris Cromwell Permit me to mention two further instances Shangliiil, Mny.'.tb, Uh>2.
of the peculiar mediiuval custom of the "housol Having with the object of throwing:
lately,
et Elizabeth;^; uxoris ejus, aepultus fuit 31" die
of earth," in addition to Mr. W. P. Ker's light on the ethnology of Central Asia, beer*
Maii. Et Robertus fuit eximie pius juvenis, making a study of the old Chinese historical
deum timens supra niultos." In a foot-note interesting note on this subject (Athenieum,
June 7th). writing.s, I lighted in the 'Wei Shu,' a work-
Mr. Forster stated that written towards the close of the sixth century,
" this curious entry has been more than once care- The Middle High German 'Lay of the Battle
of Ravenna' ('Die Rabenschlacht '), composed on a most interesting description of Persia
fully examined, and it is here printed rerhafim et
in Austria by a popular singer towards the close under the Sassanians, which does not appear
literatim as it stauds in tlie register. The word
denoted by the contraction W" is militi.i, in the of the thirteenth century, gives the following to have been previously translated. I have,
sense of es'iuire or arm-bearing gentleman, and tliere account of the death of Diether, brother of King therefore, given a rendering of the descrip-
are some rare examples of its use with tliis meaning Theodoric. After having received a deadly tion so far as it throws light on the marriage
before a proper name. Hitter and miles,' gays
'
and burial customs, for our knowledge of
Selden ('Titles of Honour,' Ivi.), 'often signify, in
blow in single combat, the young hero falls,
grasps the earth with both hands, and raises a which we have been hitherto dependent on the-
the old feudal law of the Empire, a gentleman, as
the word gentleman is signified in 7iobilti, and not particle of it to his lips, as if it were the holy Greek writers.
a dubbed knight as with us in England the word
; sacrament, imploring the Lord's mercy (st. 457, Especially has doubt been thrown on the
milite.i denotes gentlemen or great free-holders of
Martin's edition, Deutsches Heldenbuch,' ii.,
' marriage of brothers and sisters. It will be
the country also.'" seen that the practice was largely prevalent,
18G6).
Carlyle gave the entry in the later editions The M.H. German dictionary by Benecke- according to the Chinese author, amongst all
of his Letters and Speeches of Oliver Crom-
'
Miiller - Zarncke quotes, under the heading classes. Neither it nor the custom of exposing,
well,' taking it from the Edinbitrgh lievieic, but '
Opfer,' besides the above-mentioned instance, the dead was universal, nor do they seem
inserting the year date after the day of the month. the following passage from the .sermons of the to have been in ;iny way compulsory. So also
In 1893 an attempt was made by a writer in celebrated Franciscan friar Berthold von Regens- the position occupied by the magi with respect
the Essex llcvieiv (vol. ii. p. 124) to prove that burg (d. 1272): "There are some men who to the proceedings of the courts of justice is-
this Robert was the son of Sir Oliver, the Pro- under condemnation to death believe that they interesting when compared with the statements-
tector's uncle. The argument was originally receive the .sacrament by taking a crumb or a of Ammianus. The names, clearly old Persian,
founded upon a mistaken idea (derived from a particle of earth in their mouth before execu- of the functionaries about the Court of the
statement in the Essex Notebook for 1885) that tion." Otto Jiriczek, Sassanian Shahs and the titles of address are
the entry occurred amongst those for the year likewise noteworthy.
1623 but even after the writer had discovered
; The family name of the Shah, we are told,,
and acknowledged this, he inclined to believe was Posz' (Fars) his personal name Sz'-dso-
THE LIVRB D'HEURES OF THE DUKE OF ;
Protector's uncle than himself, on account of the in Greek, which apparently more closely than
Munich, Bavaria.
difficulty presented by the word militis (ibid., modern Persian represented the old form,
iii. 209). As the sons of Sir Oliver by Eliza- To the most interesting note of Mr. Bromby Is-de-k-ar-d.
beth, his first wife, were in 1639 middle-aged on the family of the Visconti, 'The Marriage of
'WEI SHU,' CHAP. CII.
the Duke of Clarence with Violante Visconti
men, and as the name of his second wife was "The king of this country lias under him ten
not Elizabeth, but Anne, this theory (in addition {Athemeum, June 14th, No. 3894, p. 755 seq., ministers small teeth J to whom he commits the
[lit.,
to other objections) would involve the necessity and 3896, p. 818 seq.), I can add a valuable government when lie desires to retire for a time.
document, which the last month only has Each year in the fourth month he withdraws to
of giving Sir Oliver a third and quite unknown
brought out. country quarters, returning in the tenth. On his-
wife as a mother for the equally unknown boy. accession the king inscribes secretly in a book kept
In vol. V. of the Essex Review (p. 225) Mr. The great Munich Library (the Hof- und at his treasury the name of that oue of his sons-
John French, in defending the view that Staatsbibliothek) possesses the Livre d'Heures whom he considers most capable and this entry is-;
"Oliver" was the future Protector, gave an of Bianca Visconti, daughter of Aymone of kept concealed from his most intimate ministers-
interesting description of the Felsted registers, Savoy, wife of Galeazzo II., Lord of Milan, and On his death the book is opened in the presence of
all, and he whose name is therein entered succeeds-
and suggested that the vicar must have fallen so mother of Violante. who was married to the
to the throne. In order to prevent plots, the other
into the error of supposing Oliver Cromwell to Duke of Clarence. This prayer-book, wonder- brothers are provided with governments in the more
be a knight. To none of these writers, however, fully rich in miniatures and initials, is the work distant provinces.
excepting perhaps to Mr. Forster, does it seem of Johannes de Cumis, and has also a singular " His subjects address the king with I-cha [t]-fi *
interest, showing resemblances to the frescoes of [apparently gome such form aslvhordiid bavi, with
to have occurred that the position of the word
the Campo Santo in Pisa. Till recently it had which we may compare A.-S. 'Wajshrel 'J or Fang-
offers as great difiiculty as the word itself. pu-lu [this latter isi, of course, the Facfur of Marco
As a matter of fact, we are neither called upon passed for the Livre d'Heures of Bianca Maria
Polo (book ii. chap. Ixv.). which Yule correctly
to credit the good vicar with deriving his prece- Visconti, wife of Francesco Sforza (1441) but ;
identifies with old Persian 13aga-putraJ. The king's-
dents from the old feudal laws of the Empire and in the Centralblatt fiir Bibliothehsu-esen, May, sons are addressed as SIialt]-ye Takwan Shali-
1902, p. 239, Dr. Franz Boll, the scholarly zade. The Mo-hu-dan [the Moghudan, the Maube-
the great free-holders of the English realm, nor,
Keeper the Manuscripts at the Munich
of dan Mausedof Darmesteter(Mihir Yasht, 11.5, note)]
on the other hand, need we suppose him to be superintends litigation. The Ni-fa[t]-lian [^Zend
ignorant of the true style of a man whom, as published his discovery that the
Library,
Nidhutan] has the superintendency ot the lioyal
Sir John Bourchier's son-in-law, he probably mother of Violante was the owner of the book. Treasury. The Khal-kam-sa-tso has the superintend-
knew well. By the courtesy of the Rev. C. T. He thinks that it was a wedding present (1350) ency of letters and books, and all things apper-
for Blanche of Savoy. It is possible, although, taining thereto. After these are the A-lo-ho-di,
Eland, the present vicar of Felsted, I have
having studied the Livre d'Heures in con- having charge of the king's private aiFairs, and
been allowed to inspect the register, and found, the Bi[k]-po-pu[t] [Zend Vicpo-paiti Gr. Pa-
M"% M" sequence of the note of Mr. Bromby, I have ;
added after the death of Galeazzo "pro anima nary bows and arrows. In war they use elephant
annoyance with the captain of Nottingham, who, carriages, attached to each of which is a squadron
though he could not be reckoned amongst the famuli tui et consortis olim mei," and after the of a liundred men.
gentry, " was called by the name of Mr." death of the two daughters (Maria, 1362; "Grave crimes are punished by the perpetrator
There were two or three other errors in Mr. Violante, 1386), " concede peccatrici famulic being suspended from a post and killed by shoot-
tuje BlancJie, &c., ut sint in laudem et honorem ing arrows secondarily, by being cast bound into-
;
Forster's copy of the entry, which, correctly in the latter case it is customary to grant
gloriosi nominis tui et mihi et unico nato meo prison ;
transcribed, runs as follows: "Robertus Crom- a release on the accession of a new king. Lighter
well filius honorandi viri M'' Oliveris Cromwell Galea~:o, comite [sic] virtutum." Almost on crimes are punished by cutting off the nose, or
et Elizabethe uxoris ejus sepultus fuit 31'"" die every page of the manuscript the allied arms perhaps only the hair. Sometimes one half of the
Maii. Iste (?) Robertus fuit eximie spei juvenis of the houses of Savoy and Visconti (the dragon) scalp is shaved and a tablet affixed to the neck, so
are to be seen. intlicting disgrace on the offender. Itobbers antl
deumque timens supra multos." The only thieves are bound and left to die. Illicit inter-
I should add that photographs of the minia-
doubtful word is ist^, but it is difficult to make course with the wives of distinguished men or
it into anything else (it does not at all resemble
tures of this memorable Livre d'Heures (Cod. with boys, and adultery, are punished by cutting,
et as written by the vicar), and the word iste
Lat. 23,215, Cod. C. pict. 42, signature of the off the nose and ears, and by fine, according to the
occurs, clearly written, in a like sense in other Munich Library) are to be purchased of Mr. gravity of the case.
entries in the same register. Carl Teufel, Court photographer of Munich, and
Irhatfu. Tills is partly tranalatlon, partly translltem-
that they are numbers 1783-1800 of the series " heal," and
SOI'HIE C. LOIMAS. lion. The Chi liineee word used here for / meaiiB
'
Photographische Einzel. aufnahmen aus den is actually connected with Sans, inrin-j. whole,
the /.end
Schiitzen der K. Hof- und Staatsbibliothek in haurvn, whence haunatat, Hlntc of wlioleneee, on wlilcl*
Ch. icliait), essence of healinK. Is a play. Cf. th<> similar
Miinchen' (see Veidralbluli fiir Bibliotlteksvesen, salutation In Bal.ylon mentioned l>y Uaukl king, live
: "O
I.e., p. 229 ff.). Dr. Max Maas. for ever :
;
"The taxes on (he land are assessed in silver or 28 vols., 1895-8, 3.5/. Boswell's Life of Johnson, The volume contains the correspondence of
copper. The custom of the land is to worship the extra illustrated with 330 portraits, &c., 1820, the second Earl of Albemarle, who succeeded
Spiritof Fire [A huraniazdao.'j and Heaven [Mi tlira/j. 17/. 10s. Ackermann's University of Cambridge,
The written characters are similar to those of the
Cumberland as Commander-in-chief in Scot-
Many,* indill'erently rich or mean, 2 vols., 18L5, 13/. 15s.; College.s of Winchester, land in July, 174G. The circumstances
liu books.
^select their wives or concubines from amongst their Ac, 1816, 19/. Microcosm of London, 3 vols.,
;
attending the Prince's escape on September
own eisters or female relations. Truly the con- 1811, 20/. Shelley's Works, Kelmscott Press,
nexions of these barbarians are stinking and filthy Morris's Earthly Paradise,
20th, hitherto somewhat obscure, are
I
3 vols., 1895, 23/.
Amongst the people the women are already well described in considerable detail, and the
8 vols., ibid., 1897,19/. 10s. Chaucer, Kelmscott,
<ieveloped in outer appearance at the age of twelve vexed question as to the name of the French
1896, 89/.
years or upwards. For the education of the kings
inen of merit at high salaries are engaged. Messrs. Puttick &
Simpson sold on Wednes- ship which carried him from Scotland is
" With regard to the dead, many leave their corpses day an interesting collection of books, including determined. The volume will be illus-
on the hills, where they lie exposed for a month. several volumes from the library of John Clare. trated by portraits of the second and third
Living apart from the others outside the towns are We hardly expected that they would be offered
men whose sole occupation is to perform the rites Earls of Albemarle, and by reproductions of
after what had been said but they were allowed
;
Jacobite prints from the British Museum
of sepulture, and who are esteemed so unclean that
when they enter a town they have bells suspended to go for sale and realized high prices. The fol-
collection.
from their garments to warn off their fellows. When lowing are some of the more important items :
tix months have elapsed from the time of death a Lamb's Works, 2 vols., 1818, uncut, with auto- Mr. BENJA:\rix Kilid leaving England
is
ttrange rite is performeii, which is repeated on the graph inscription of the author, 09/. Elia, 1823, ; for South Africa in connexion with economic
seventh day of the seventh month, and on the first
similarly inscribed, 88/. Prince Dorus, 62/. studies on which he is engaged. Since the
day of the twelfth month i on those days each ;
f the survivors sends out an invitation to a festive Coleridge's Poems, 1797, 7/. 15s. Egan's Life publication of Principles
'
of Western
mooting where they have music and general jollity. in London, 1822, uncut, 15/. FitzGerald's Civilization' he has been occupied with
Ou the 20th of the first month of each year sacrifices Six Dramas of Calderon, 1853, 8/. 5s. Keats's articles of some length for the Encyclopeedia '
are offered to the departed. Poems, 1817, 25/. Endymion, 1818, 14/.;
"In the year 518 a mission arrived from Persia
;
same Turks, the result of which was the de- day in its political, social, and moral aspects, character study, by Miss Emma Brooke
struction of the Ephthalite kingdom of the and the causes which have led to the for- '
Vashti,' an episode in the life of a London
Indo - Scyths, a nation whose history is lost, mation of the British character are discussed. The End
beauty, by Mrs. Stella M. Diiring ;
'
Sir R. Hamilton Lang recounts the pro- Trowbridge sketches the romantic history
:
that the practices described are universal. the collection of Col. H. W. Feilden, C.B. 13 vols., uncut; Eowlandson's *
Comforts of
; ;
both in the original boards and uncut, being has arranged to bring out English and
Plates. (Lovell Reeve & Co.) How the
humble little plants to the elucidation of
among them. A well-authenticated portrait American editions. The first one to be which the present volumes are devoted can
of Alexander Pope, by Jonathan Eichard- translated will be 'Kraft-Mayr' ('Muscle- be "figures and descriptions" some students
son, on canvas, 24 in. by 19 in., forms one Mayr'), in which the composer Liszt will wonder. It requires an eft'ort of the ima-
of the lots. Of the two lots of early Paris figures among the characters. It will gination even to think of them as the probable
newspapers special mention may be made appear before the end of the year. pi'ogenitors of the highly developed (lowering
of a comparatively long run of the Ju/'nial plants which now bedeck so much of the earth's
The death is announced from Budapest
surface. Nevertheless, those students who
de Paris (July-September, 1789), the first
of Dr. Schwicker, Professor of the German think themselves justified in indulging in
French daily newspaper. Language and Literature, and author of a genealogical speculations recognize in these
The present number of the Edinlurcjli number of works, among them Die '
liverworts very early representatives of the
Review concludes the hundredth year of its letzten Eegierungsjahre der Kaiserin Maria " phanerogams " of the present epoch. A still
publication. The October issue will con- Theresa '
Die Zigeuner in Ungarn.'
and ' earlier phase of development is seen in the
tain an article dealing with the whole history green Alg;e, for which a watery environment is
Dr.KarlWessely, the Austrian papyrus
of the Eevieu-, together with some portraits. mostly essential. Some of the.se simple plants
expert, has found in a Vienna papyrus some
somehow or other proved their capability of
The Committee of the City of Lincoln new sayings of Diogenes the cynic. Although living under other conditions and of becoming
Public Library are endeavouring to form as the papyrus as a whole is in a wretched terrestrial in their habits. Be this as it may,
complete a collection as their means will condition, several columns are still legible. there is still great gap between the rela-
a
permit of literature connected with the city It contains, besides the proverbs, a number tively simple reproductive apparatus of the
"
and Lincolnshire. They have already of tales about the philosopher, as Diogenes Algte and the " antheridia " and "archogonia
acquired 602 volumes of this character, and and the watchmen, Diogenes in the barber's of the Hepaticte, whilst the alternation of
also a large number of engravings, prints, shop, and Diogenes and his stick. Dr. generations so conspicuous in them is hardly
existent among the Algfe. The comparative
and maps. We are glad to see this interest Wessely thinks that the roll must have
investigation of the peculiarities of these plants
in local history, and hope it will meet with formerly contained about 300 of these
is, therefore, a matter of supreme importance
proper support. The Committee propose stories. It is hoped that his interesting to the botanist, whether from the point of view of
shortly to publish a special catalogue relat- " find" will soon be edited and published. the determination and classification of the species
ing to this department. Eecent Parliamentary Papers include a or the standpoint of the genealogist. Mr.
The August Zd'^iMre Ilour includes accounts Eeport of the Historical MSS. Commission Pearson's elaborate monograph is mainly devoted
to the description and arrangement of the
of 'A Bee Farm in New Zealand,' 'The on Manuscripts in the Welsh Language,
species but the facts he has got together and
Statute made by
;
Eegalia of Scotland,' by Mr. George Thow, Vol. II. Part I. (Is. 9f/.) ;
marshalled will also he serviceable to those
and Tokyo, the Capital of Japan,' by Mr.
'
Wadham College with regard to the Pension concerned with broader generalizations. It is
Douglas Sladen. 'The Present State of to be assigned to a retired Warden (if/.) difficult to say too much in praise of the way
Milton's Cottage is discussed in an illus-
' Education, Scotland, Eeport by the Ac- in which this monograph has been compiled.
trated article by Tighe Hopkins; the cus- countant - General (6f/.) Eeport of the
; Experts alone can test the value and accuracy
toms of fifty years ago are described in a Proceedings of the Charity Commissioners of the book as to details, but every naturalist
paper entitled When I was Young'; while
' for England and Wales under the Endowed can admire the patient labour and skilful
Mr. Edward Porritt writes on the Indian ' Schools Acts for the Year 1901 {\d.) Board ;
method which have been applied to its arrange-
ment. The descriptive matter occupies some
Reservations of the United States.' of Education, Draft Order in Council modi-
five hundred pages, to which are added a com-
A C0ERESP0>'LEXT writes :
fying regulations contained in the (Jrder of
plete bibliography and a copious index. The
" In reference to that branch of letters which March 6th, 1902 (If/.) Supplementary ;
228 lithographed plates which constitute the
has generally been esteemed the higliest, it Eegulations for Secondary Day Schools and second volume furnisli an even greater testimony
appears that some forty favounible reviews can for Evening Schools (4r/.) and a Blue- ; to the skill and patience of the author. By
no longer sell a dozen copies of a Itook. Such at book containing Lists of Associations con- "systematic" students such a book was greatly
least is the experience drawn from two recent stituted under the Voluntary Schools Act, wanted.
volumes. Criticism may err, but if any interest 1897, Associated Schools and Amounts of Natrire Stndij and Life. By Clifton F. Hodge.
in the higher departments of literary art (Ginn.) Prof. Hodge's new book on "nature
Aid Grant paid, and Unassociated Schools
remained, surely a consensus of approbation study " goes to show that proper methods of
would, at least, arouse some curio-sity.
and Amounts of Aid Grant paid (8^f/.).
In education are proceeding on their way towards
England, at all events, serious art seems general recognition. Many of the ideas and
daily more despised. Instead we have per- suggestions, be they original or taken from other
sonaUties and popular cMches, snippets which sources, cannot fail to be of value to those who
debauch the memory, and stories which degrade wi.sh for the advancement of the subject under
the taste." consideration. Systems of nature study are
primitive and fundamental, and must furnish the be ample, and that he and his gang may escape
larger future interests of mankind in nature. detection. Two other tatu designs are explained
So
completely does this side monopolize our college as embodying the folk-tale of King Haris-
and even university courses in biology that our Chandra and his wife, who reduced themselves SicitttU (^OMljl,
teachers know nothing else to teach. However
much value this may be for adult thought, when we topenury by their largesse in charity. Messrs. Crosby Lockwood & Son have ready
attempt to teach little children we must moult Major Powell also contributes to Man a for publication a volume entitled ' Aerial
it
paper on an American view of totemism but ; Navigation,' by Mr. Frederick Walker, dealing
Noteworthy as a furtherdiscussion of the question is with the construction of dirigible balloons and
in this connexion is the story of the
toad, with the excellent illustrations accompany- promised for the August number it may be other flying - machines ; and another on the
ing it. A
great deal of the work suggested, well to postpone any observations upon it. 'Elements of Agricultural Geology,' by Mr.
apart from the study of ' Household '
The same subject is touched upon by Mr. Primrose McConnell, who describes the work as
Insects Andrew Lang in a communication in answer
could be done out of doors ; and when a
calendar a "scientific aid to practical farming," and aims
to Mr. McDougall on the ' Supreme Being and
showing the times at which plants come into at expounding the relation of geological forma-
flower is mentioned the benefits of Totems in Sarawak,' in which he justly depre- tions not only to the production of crops, but to
rambles are cates dogmatism on the question.
characterized. This side of the subject is not the evolution of live stock.
however, made very much of, and in the chapters Dr. Beddoe contributes an instructive review
of Mr. Mackinder's book on the regions of the The Report of the Committee on Modern
on elementary forestry opportunities for making
observations in the fields and woods are world and Mr. Hartland a notice of Mr.
;
Types of Boilers for Naval Purposes has just
Many of the illustrations are very good some
lost! Bryce's lectures on the relations of the advanced been issued at the price of lid. ; and the Annual
Report of the Inspectors of Fisheries, England
are decidedly out of place as, for instance, and backward races of mankind.
the Upon the occasion of the exhibition by M. and Wales (lli<?.).
picture of the child leading the lion .
culture Prof. Hodge thus explains the of the head of a wild goat should be subjected Franz on a new method of helio-
economic Prof. Julius
to chemical analysis.
scheme
side of his :
It was objected that all metric lunar measurement and on the topo-
traces of the composition burnt in the lamp
"With many, the financial motive is the strongest graphy of the west limb of the moon, and one
we can bnng to bear to induce them to study or must long since have disappeared, but M. by Prof, Paul Neugebauer giving opposition-
allow their children to study nature. After Riviere acted upon the suggestion and sub- ephemerides of fourteen small planets discovered
a begin-
ning has been made, others, and so-called mitted scrapings from the lamp to M. Berthelot.
higher at Diisseldorf, a work which had been com-
motives may develope. There is the greater He found that the substance was similar to the
need menced under the superintendence of Dr.
ot enlarging upon the economic motive
because it residue left by burning oil in a lamp, and that
Galle. All will remember that he was the first to
N3899, July 19, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 99
see Neptune with a knowledge of its planetary will was proved for 200,000/.) had not burst wliat it \yiis ne\er meant to hear, and by the addition
character. He resides now at Potsdam. long ago. Nevertheless, with all these deduc- of his skill forced it to lielie its own nature."
Two new small planets were discovered at tions, the book is by no means a bad one. The Mr. Moore then proceeds to speak of the
the Konigstuhl Observatory, Heidelberg, on the reader who is interested in painters' gossip of singular appropriateness of Altdorfer's designs
2Gth ult., the first by Prof. Max Wolf, and the early part of the last century will find in it to the processes of wood engraving, a subject
the second by his assistant, Dr. Camera. plenty of anecdotes of the late Queen and the on which his own practice in the art gives him
No. 475, which was discovered by Dr. Stewart Prince Consort, of Samuel Rogers, the Duke of special authority.
from a photograph taken with the Bruce tele- Wellington, Count D'Orsay, and many others, In his view of Altdorfer's powers of imagina-
scope at Arequipa, Peru, on August 14th, 1901, which serve to make the volume light reading. tion we are less entirely at one with him. We
has been named by him Ocllo, traditionally said The account of Landseer's work is careful and think he claims for him rather too much. He
to have been the first Inca empress of Peru, and conscientious, while the author's estimate of is not content that ho should be regarded as
daughter of the sun. Landseer as a man is singularly impartial. It a master of fantastic charm and the creator of
The observations of double stars made by is only in dealing with Landseer as a painter the most surprising and poetical conceits. Ho
the late Dr. J. Jedrzejewicz at hia private
that Mr. Manson fails. He does not seem to insists on his dramatic power, comparing him in
The
'
ART HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY. this series of reproductions is as admirable and ignoble. Or, if we compare the extravagance and
original as anything that has come from the bravura of the Noli Me Tangere of the same
' '
catalogues on the Continent, so that its merit might well perpend. latest discoveries at Olympia, Cnossus,Cyprus,
needs " no bush." But the utility of the volumes Crreek Coiiis and their FaretU Cities. By John and even in Egypt, where so much of late has
has been greatly increased by the adoption of Ward, F.S.A. Accompanied by a Catalogue been done by Prof. Flinders Petrie and others,
photographic methods for the illustrations, of the Author's Collection by G. F. Hill. not excepting the remarkable find of papyri at
which at first were mere outlines. It is a (Murray.) In the introduction to this extremely Oxyrynchus by Mr. Grenfell and Mr. Hunt,
pity, however, that the sizes and weights of the interesting Mr. Ward tells us of its
work under the auspices of the Egypt Exploration
coins were not given in the decimal system as origin and how
developed. Fascinated with
it Fund. We only take exception as regards
well as in inches and grains. Tables are the beauty of Hellenic coins, of which he had the illustrations when the author introduces
appended, it is true, for conversion, but it is ac(|uired a few specimens as works of art, he modern pictures by Poynter, and such por-
convenient to have the thing done to hand was induced to see the lands which had pro- traits as thf^se of "The Maid of Athens" and
without wasting the student's time. Useful duced such delightful objects. With that view Byron, which seem a incongruous in a
little
additions to the book are a map of Lydia, he visited Southern Italy and Sicily, but, though work of this nature. We fully endorse Mr.
where cities which issued coins are marked he found the pilgrimage pleasant and instruc- Ward's remarks when he criticizes the pro-
in red, and lists of magistrates and titles. tive, he was disappointed when he realized that ductions of the present age and suggests that
For these the researches of Ramsay and other Greek coins could more easily be obtained at the Master of the Mint should encourage de-
travellers have been used in the map, and home than in the lands of their origin. This signers to turn their attention to the study of
the work of Babelon and Imhoof-Blumer in the disappointment did not prove a deterrent, and ancient coins, which would soon reveal to them
lists. The coins of Lydia are especially interest- after some years of patient waiting he has been how far they are behind the times of ancient
ing from the early date of their beginnings, able to bring together, if not a very extensive Greece, and we might add even of Rome. This
which go back to the eighth century. There collection, yet a charmingly select one from an defect becomes more apparent every day, anc^
ia much doubt, however, about the early series artistic point of view and one in a high state stares us in the face when we handle the latest
of electrum coins, some which the editor himself of preservation, as can be judged from a glance productions of the Royal Mint.
was once inclined to assign to Lydia being now at the numerous plates illustrating the coins,
given to Miletus whilst the general resem-
; Mr. Ward's book is divided into two sections,
blance of electrum series of neighbouring MISS WILLIA:\ISS copies of VELASQUEZ.
the first giving a description and illustrations of
states sometimes makes it impossible to decide his collection of Greek coins, the second an At Pembroke Studios, Kensington, Miss
where a particular series should be placed. One "imaginary" itinerary through the various Williams has a small exhibition of copies from
early series alone is to be found in this book, countries in which the pieces were struck and works in the Prado and the Louvre. These are
here placed because of the lion type which in which they were current. We should have noteworthy for their indications of a serious
closely resembles the gold and silver coins preferred a change in the order, and that the attempt to render the actual quality of the-
of Crcesus, the same reverse being found in itinerary should have preceded the description originals. The fashion of having copies of
both cases. They are now reproduced side by of the coins. Though numbering under 1,000 celebrated old masters has largely declined, and
side with the issue of Crcesus on one plate, and pieces, the collection contains good repre- the art of the copyist, as seen in our public
the resemblance ia sufficiently obvious. A few sentative specimens from all the Greek coin- galleries, has sunk to its lowest ebb. The
of the early coins show the lion's head in out- striking world, stretching from Italy to Greece, majority of copyists make no effort to produce
line only, not in relief and the editor makes
; Asia, Africa, and even to Northern India, and their eflfects in the same way as they are pro-
the interesting suggestion that these may come Bactria, where the successors of Alexander the duced in the original. They are content if a
from the Cimmerian barbarians who overran Great founded a kingdom which remained positive opaque blue answers to a blue in the
Lydia in the eighth and seventh centuries. Mr. Greek for over two centuries, and which pro- same place in the original, regardless of the
Head also points out the extraordinary varia- duced coins remarkable not only for their fact that there it may be produced by the subtlest
tions in the proportions of gold, which made it artistic merit, but also as bearing the finest superposition of many different tints. In fact,
impossible, without some test, to estimate the series ofroyal portraits ever issued. The they render the old masters in the haphazard
value of a given weight and this was doubt-
;
description of his coins was entrusted by and sticky quality of modern oil paint, and if
less the reason why a bimetallic currency took Mr. Ward to Mr. G. F. Hill, of the they are skilful they usually overlay their work
the place of the electrum. After Crcesus the Coin Department in the British Museum, with as much sentimentality of expression as
Lydian coins become more and more local, and whose intimate acquaintance with ancient numis- they can introduce without departing too far
consequently the history of each coining city matics is a guarantee for the accuracy of this from their originals. It is like translating the
has to be discussed by itself. This is done in portion of the work. Mr. Ward was fortunate classics into "journalese." There is, however,
the introduction, the cities being arranged alpha- in finding so able a coadjutor. So perfect is the we believe, a real use for translation into a
betically for convenience' sake. There is a large general condition of the collection that over style as nearly approaching the dignity of the
gap during which the issue of coins ceases two-thirds of it were found capable of illustra- original as is possible, a style based on a close
altogether but from the time of Trajan it
;
tion either by the autotype process or by half- study of the methods of the masters in question.
quickly increases, chiefly in the northern parts tone blocks dispersed throughout the text. This clearly has been Miss Williams's inten-
of the country. The information to be deduced Those who know the difficulty in getting fine tion, and her copies have in consequence real
from coinage as to magistrates' titles, even as to Greek coins will appreciate the discretion which beauty. We would especially commend her ver-
their terms of office, is summarized. Sometimes Mr. Ward has exercised in his selection. The sion of Velasquez's Don Juan of Austria for
'
'
the magistrate seems to have issued coins at his plates illustrating the coins are the best, we its deep and luminous colouring. It is evident
own expense, when he stamped them with the believe, we have ever seen. So uniform through- that Miss Williams has inquired closely into the
word dvidi]K in the imperial age this word had
;
out is the collection that it would be difficult to technique of the masters she imitates. The
lost its original religious meaning, and was con- say in which section it particularly excels. Natu- transparency and elusiveness of Velasquez's
stantly applied to gifts of public munificence, so rally the Italian and Sicilian coins are the most paint are here quite distinct from Goya's harsher
that it is possible that we have here a public attractive ; but those of Greece proper and Asia and more insensitive treatment. In the copy of
largesse. Among interesting types we may men- are so full of character that to the experienced the Villa Lemmi fresco by Botticelli in the
tion the horse and palm branch, which suggest eye they are equally charming. Mr. Hill has Louvre Miss Williams has had to transpose her
connexion with Thessaly (Aninetus) river-gods ;
limited his labours to a simple description of work into another medium, but it is surprising
at several places the axe-bearing hero in several
;
each individual specimen, with its size and how much of the spirit of the original work ia
places, sometimes led by Hermes, suggestive of weight; and it is therefore with all the more retained, though the surface of "mat" oil colour
the worship of the dead scenes from the Perseus
;
interest that we turn to Mr. Ward's descrip- is of necessity much less atmospheric than that of
. legend (Daldis) head of a Persian magus in
;
tive itinerai-y. Though he
calls it an "imagi- fresco. Tempera would, perhaps, have repre-
tiara (Hieracome) a scene implying that
;
nary " tour, it very evident that he is per-
is sented more nearly the efifect. In two ways, we
Anaitis had an oracle at Hyppepa a river-god
;
sonally acquainted with most of the places of believe, Miss Williams might approach yet closer
leaning against a shield (Hyrcanis) six lads ;
which an account is supplied. This mode of to the quality of her originals first, by the
carrying a bull for sacrifice (Nysa) the serpent better selection of canvas, and, secondly, by the
;
illustrating a coin catalogue is a novel one ;
of Asclepius coiled on the back of a horse, ex- use of a more liquid medium. In the copies of
and though the author excuses himself when
plained by Mr. Head as issued for a celebration he says that what he has written ia more Velasquez she uses a canvas of a kind much in
of Asclepian games (Philadelphia) Tylus re- vogue in France, the grain of which has strongly
;
for the use of the general public than for
ceiving the herb of life as related by Nonnus projecting rounded points this produces an
scholars, we do not admit any need for excuse, ;
(Sardes) scenes from the story of lo (Tralles) almost opposite eflect on the paint to the flat
;
:
as we have before us a most readable and
and a large number of local deities. The axe, instructive volume. Following the order of the and scjuare grain which the artists of the six-
which has lately become interesting through coins themselves that is, beginning with Italy teenth and seventeenth centuries generally
Mr. Evans's fanciful identification of the Laby-
rinth, occurs on many Lydian coins, and, so far
and proceeding eastwards we have not only ex- used. It is, of course, very difficult now to get
but some hand-woven canvases of
cellent views of the districts and cities described, such canvas,
from being confined to Zeus, is "the character- but also illustrations of the principal objects loose texture approach it very nearly. With
istic symbol both of the hero Tyrimnos and of
which have been found on the various sites, reward to the second point, we noticed that
the sun-god Tyrimnrean Apollo" (p. cxxviii). together with authentic portraits of philosophers,
wherever the paint was loaded as, for instance,
Mr. Head probably means attribute, but the poets, warriors, and physicians. The work is in the doorway of the Meninas
' '
it had the
N^SSQO, July 19, 1902 THE ATHENiEUM 101
believe, used a suthciently liquid medium to Wednesday next, and will be open to the (.Vhonncur for his 'Spinoza Mourant at the
'
enable them to draw each brush-stroke with a public from July 24th to September 3rd, Sun- Universal Exhibition of 1878, and a Grand Pri.c
free gesture the idea of pushing a thick clay
;
days included. A special feature of the Exhibi- at the Exhibition of two years ago. In 1888 he
into the required position is a recent invention. tion will be an exceptionally fine collection of was elected a corresponding member of the Paris
Japanese paintings and colour-prints, which Mr, Academie des Beaux-arts. His greatest achieve-
Arthur Morrison is arranging. Mr. Alfred ments include his 'Derniers Moments de Socrate,'
OXFORD TOPOGRAPHY. Parsons, Mr. Frank Dillon, and other English '
Pierre-le-Grand,' Christ devant le Peuple,' and
'
with the exception of one drawn from a photo- followed with signal benefit to the buildings in-
by Sir Walter Armstrong, a bibliography relating
graph, all those in the volume) was made on the volved. It is, however, characteristic of Mr.
to his works, a catalogue of prints by or after
spot, and that all are substantially accurate, as T. G. Jackson that he has declined to allow the
Hogarth, and also of his pictures, is announced
your reviewer would discover were he to visit Society to see his plans for dealing with Com^jton
by Mr. Heinemann. Of this large imperial
the spots and place himself in my position. Martin Church, Somerset. Since the days of
quarto, which will be highly desirable, but
In the particular instance quoted, Tom Tower Wyatt the restoring architect has detested criti-
beyond ordinary purses, only a limited number
will be found to dominate the street in a very cism, and it was scarcely to be expected that
will be available.
unexpected way from the point of view chosen, Mr. Jackson would treat the matter as one not
and in the clear afternoon sunshine. It is The Louvre possesses about 40,000 draw-
of professional etiquette, but of importance to
possible, however, that heavy printing may ings which cannot be exhibited owing to lack
the nation whose heritage the parish churches are.
have exaggerated the effect. of space. The variety and interest of this
enormous collection cannot be fully realized There is no truth in the report that Sir
I may add that the cover was not designed by
until a complete descriptive catalogue is pub-
Thomas More's mulberry tree has perished in
me, nor am I in any way responsible for it. the general levelling of houses that is taking
Edmund H. New. lished, and this the authorities of the Louvre
will shortly provide. If the Louvre catalogue
place in Beaufort Street, Chelsea. The garden
in which the tree stands was acquired at con-
is as thorough as that which Mr. Binyon has
SALES. compiled of the drawings by British artists in siderable cost by Mgr. Vaughan some years ago,
and the house attached to it has since been
Messrs. Christie, Mansox & Woods sold on the British Museum its value will be great.
occupied by French nuns.
the 8th inst. the following engravings. After The death of the distinguished genre, land-
Hoppner Mrs. Parkyns, by C. Knight,
: 391. ; scape, and flower painter Ignaz Seelos took
The annual report of the Deputy-Master and
Hon. Mrs. Bouverie, by J. R. Smith, d4d. place recently in Vienna in his seventy-fifth
Comptroller of the Mint, for 1901, has just
;
Frances Kemble, by J. Jones, 34/. donia and the Ptolemies and Grpeco-Roman
Meyer as Hebe, by J. Jacobe', 291. Lady C.
Miss
;
;
price being 12,000 francs. The Municipal times (3) over 1,000 Greek and Roman coins ;
Council of Paris has ratified the purchase of ;
Pelham-Clinton, by J. R. Smith, 49J. Lady (4) about 500 Prankish and Venetian coins and
;
M. Boilly's picture Distribution de Vin aux
'
Betty Delme and Children, by V. Green, 84/. medals, including the issue of Nauplia and
Champs- Elyse'es '
for 33,000 francs. The same
After Peters The Gamesters, and The Fortune-
: other towns which employed Venetian handi-
authorities have accepted the design for the
Teller, by J. R. Smith, 03/. After Wheatley work (5) bronze and copper statuettes of
Cries of London Oranges, by L. Schiavonetti,
:
;
Egyptian gods, several scarab^ei, and other
this will be erected in the Place Saint-Georges.
-35/. ;Scarlet Strawberries, by Vendramini, 42/.; small Egyptian antiquities (G) 200 red terra-
;
Turnips and Carrots, by T. Gaugain, 115/. M. de Nolhac, Conservateur of the Musde cotta statuettes and vases, itc, of diflerent
After Lawrence Miss Croker, by S. Cousins, of Versailles, is preparing in the upper part of Greek sources and dates (7) a recently dis-
07/. ;
:
*
La Princesse Osra,' was produced at that we feel that Mr. Bunning's taste and not deliberately, but because they could nofc
Covent Garden on Monday evening. The sympathy lie in the direction of light French escape his powerful influence. Also, in the case
book is written in French. The story of opera. There are many pages in La Prin- '
of Mendelssohn, his Elijah has stood its '
'
Anthony Hope on which M. Maurice cesse Osra ' which seem to bear out this ground because there has been no rival oratorio
Berenger has based his libretto, like other opinion. The work ought to prove a of equal merit. Mr. Maitland complains,
stepping-stone to something more satis- too, that the superiority of this work to
well-known poems and romances adapted
'St. Paul is "not obvious enough to account
'
for operatic purposes, naturally loses much factory and more likely to catch the public
ear.
for the difTerence between the two in
of its character and charm for what ;
popularity." There are fine numbers in
in such cases has to be sacriBced the As regards the performance, Madame '
St. Paul,' yet surely there are finer in the
composer, according to his emotional Mary Garden (Osra) sang well, yet did not later work ; anyhow, the dramatic story of
strength and individuality, has to make strengthen the good impression which she Elijah far outweighs the one in which interest
amends. In the first act the key-note of created in Manon.'
'
To M. Marechal, who is divided between Stephen and Paul. The
the story is not clearly sounded, but at impersonated the silversmith, much praise "Leaders of the Renaissance" are named
is due, while M. Gilibert (the king's fool) according to order of dates of birth, and they
the close of the second act the con-
made the very best of his small part. are men whose influence has, undoubtedly, been
fession by Stephen the silversmith of
Madame Maubourg and M. Seveilhac, as
most prominent. Our author touches upon
his passion for the Princess offers a " exquisite grace " of
their several merits: the
strong moment, and one of which the Countess Hilda and Prince Henri, sang
Goring Thomas, the "poetry and imagination"
composer takes advantage. The effect, well, but, as already stated, they had not of Sir A. Mackenzie, and the " charming fancy
however, weakened by the conduct of
is very thankful roles. M. Messager conducted, and romantic feeling " of Dr. Cowen. The large
the Princess, who halts between respect for but the orchestral playing was frequently space, however, devoted to Sir Hubert Parry
or fear of her father and love for the silver- much loud.
too The work was well re- and Mr. Charles V. Stanford, and the language
smith. The end of the third act, the scene ceived, and the composer was summoned of high praise, show clearly that Mr. Maitland
before the curtain after the second act and regards them as the most important of the
in which Stephen dies, happy in offering
again at the group of five singled out by him. And just
his life who did not refuse him
for her close.
because his view may be the right one we
thrice, is again strong in that it engages should have preferred eulogy couched in more
the sympathy of the audience, and once STUDIES IN MUSIC. guarded language it should, indeed, have been
;
more the composer appears to advantage. English Music in the Nineteenth Century. By in inverse ratio to his admiration for the art-
The other pair of lovers, the Prince and the J. A. Fuller Maitland. (Grant Richards.) work of these able men. The candid remarks,
Countess, are mere lay figures there is no ; This is the first of a series of volumes, edited by however, of our author at the opening of his
real life and passion in the music of their Mr. Robin H. Legge, on the progress of music
'
Renaissance chapter almost disarm criticism,
'
love duet. King Henri is altogether un- and of musical knowledge in various countries for he seems to be aware of the temptation intO'
during the nineteenth century, and it is, of which he has fallen. His wise words are worth
interesting, and that excellent artist M.
course, quite natural that England should take quoting :
into two parts, one 'Before the Renaissance,' even those that are based on the widest knowledge,
laugh.
the other dealing with The Renaissance
'
the deepest sympathj', or tlie most generous
Mr. Bunning has written an opera, The *
itself ;and the latter being the more important, enthusiasm, must be conditioned by the personal
Last Days of Pompeii,' which, we believe, two-thirds of the volume are devoted to it. element and by the natural affiuity that one in-
has never been performed. La Princesse '
Compression is a good thing, and, since
dividual has for another. Even if it were the
smallest use or interest, it would be obviously diffi-
Osra is, then, virtually his maiden effort,
' the history of musical art every day grows cult to record the conviction that such a one was the
for until a composer actually sees his work longer, more and more of a necessity. It, how- greatest man of his time. With the passage of years,
on the stage he lacks that experience which ever, requires great care to present men and the group of composers will fall into truer and truer
movements in their proper proportions, and in perspective and it needs no special proof that we
;
makes for progress. His declamatory music stand far too near them now to make a profitable
this matter our author is not altogether free
often lacks point he keeps the voice too
; comparison between them, even if the work of their
from reproach. At times, it seems to us, he lives was in every case complete."
much on one level the words proceed ;
might have said more, at others less. The
from the lips of the actors, but they do Studies in Music. By Various Authors. Edited
importance of the Crystal Palace concerts is
not carry conviction. That Mr. Bunning by Robin Grey. (Simpkin, Marshall & Co.)
duly recognized, and the zealous enterprise of
These 'Studies' are reprinted from the M^isician^
should adopt the system of representative the late Sir George Grove and Mr. Manns ;
a periodical which started under favourable
themes was inevitable. It is a white also that of the Popular Concerts but, con-
;
auspices in 1897, but which came to an untimely
elephant which Wagner has bequeathed to sidering how long those institutions have
end before that year closed. By publishing in
posterity. It seems natural to connect flourished, and what powerful factors they have
book-form some of the many interesting articles
certain themes with certain personages, yet proved in the musical education of the public,
which appeared therein Mr. Grey has wisely
and how the former, by the encouragement of
there is always the danger of method marring rescued them from practical oblivion. Among
native art, was instrumental in bringing about
spontaneity and then, again, much depends them we note one on Brahms, by Philipp Spitta,
;
the "renaissance," we should have devoted
upon the character of the themes themselves. translated from the German by Mrs. Bell one ;
more pages to their history and fewer to The '
The greatness of Bach's fugues lies not so on Cdsar Franck, by M. Guy de Ropartz, trans-
Palmy Days of Opera.' With regard to the latter,
lated from the French by Miss Milman, written
much in the wonderful skill displayed for instance, mention of the financial success
with full knowledge of the subject, and not
therein as in their sterling subject-matter, of two concerts given by Rossini and his wife
unwelcome enthusiasm one entitled Purcell's ;
'
not only capable of bearing such treatment, serves at any rate to explain the position of " King Arthur," by Mr. J. A. Fuller Maitland,
'
but strengthened and enhanced thereby. Benelli, the manager of the opera-house but ;
from which readers will learn something of the
Wagner, the modern Bach, also invented was it necessary to add, "At the second of these
difficulties and responsibilities connected with
[concerts] the composer sang a new
'
ottavino
'
Walter Pater
themes which
gave life, character, and the editing of old music two, ;
'
< haracteristic, yet neither is really convincing. and Mendelssohn in retarding the progress of
Indeed, we cannot helpthinkingthat the com- music through the earlier part of the nineteenth
superficial. ^^^^^^^^^^^
X)oser would do well to free himself as much as century for this, however, he fully exonerates
;
Beethoven written by Muzio Clementi, from with few scruples, and the relations between Likeness of the Night.' This seems due rather
Vienna, in the year 1807. A facsimile will be the sexes are almost purely animal. The scene to the intractability of the subject than to
given of a page of one of these letters. opens in a flower shop, the girls in which defective treatment. Of the characters intro-
discuss the possibilities of acquiring at a duced few are at once interesting and sym-
TheSchola Cantorum of Paris will hold a
pathetic, and the central figure is not far from
Maisons de la Gilde des M^triers,
festival at the cheap rate a furnished hotel and a pair of
being a failure. Henri Carbouche is a dis-
Bruges, from August 7th to 10th. On the first chestnut horses. " Will you accept from the
tinguished French painter whom the falsehood
day, Thursday, there will be an historical con- comer," asks the thoughtful Clemence
first
of a woman has converted into a misogynist.
cert and " Entretiens gr^goriens,'' under the of the sprightly and ambitious Josephine, While still a rainn he has been jilted by a girl
presidentship of Dom Pothier on Friday,
" Conferences avec audition de chant gre'gorien ";
;
"the jewels, dresses, and general luxury who has forsaken him for a rich and titled lover.
for which you pine?" To this the shrewd Taking refuge in his art, he has become the
on Saturday, " Conferences " under M. E. Tinel
and M. C. Bordes (the founder of the Schola demoiselle replies " Un homme capable
: greatest painter of his day, but remains morose,
d'offrir un hotel a une femme n'est jamais solitary, and inaccessible to all except one or
Cantorum) and on Sunday a performance of
;
Prince Regent Theatre, Munich, on August 9th, the exhibition by French writers of domesti- association. In time it developes into pique.
and end on September 12th. From September cities in which they see little or nothing Grimly Carbouche accepts her proposals.
loth to the end of that month a Mozart cycle reprehensible. Charlotte Lanier proves to During the sittings that follow he resists her
willbe given in the Residenztheater, including be the mascotte of her lover, and in the end blandishments, repressing with restrained and
'
Cosi fan tutte,' Die Entfiihrung aus
Figaro,' ' '
is promoted to be his wife. The least satis- formal courtesy her efforts to resume former
demSerail,' and 'Don Giovanni.' modes of address. When enough of the por-
factory part of the work consists of a tem-
trait has been painted to enable her U< inspect
O.v the occasion of the fifty years' jubilee porary quarrel and a reconciliation, due to
it Lady Harlekston perceives that it shows her
festival of the Germanic Museum at Nuremberg, the incapacity of the heroine to connive at a old, hard, and rouged. Even now she is not
the Prince Res^ent of Bavaria presented to that projected infidelity of her future spouse, dismayed. Trying him yet more deeply, she
institution Wagner's original score of ' Die
who makes love to another woman, partly finds him yielding, and at length induces him
Meistersinger,' a truly royal gift.
through admiration for her and partly in by her charms to paint out tlie Bturner and
The death is announced of .Joseph Brambach, the hope that she will push his fortunes. more repellent features and to substitute some-
noted as a composer of choral works. He was
During the short departure of Charlotte, thing of the woman of former days. When she
born at Bonn in 1833, and studied at the sees that the portrait is that of a girl beautiful
Cologne Conservatorium. For mixed chorus and
la veine is arrested. With her return the
and young, Lady Harlekstt)n contrives to liave
orchestra he wrote Die Macht des Gesanges,' luck revisits him, and in the end Julien is on
'
it conveyed into her carriage aud to have placed
'Alkestis,' S:c., and fnr male chorus, soli, and the road to the highest ollicial honours. The in the painter's hands the covenanted price. In
orchestra, 'Prometheus,' which gained a prize chief defect is that the second portion of the the course of these proceedings the old lovers
at the Rhenish " Siingerverein " in 1880; also play is but lightly attached to the first, and have got near each other, and endearments
part-songs ('Das Lied vom Rhein '), a piano- is inherently conventional. of speech have passed. At this point, how-
forte concerto, and a considerable quantity of A singularly bright interpretation com- ever. Lady Harlekston changes iiur lino, and
chamber music. mended the whole to the public. Madame with real yielding, but Himulatcd scorn,
Jeanne Granier, best known as the in- complains of his previous hardness, thanks liim
PBKFOUMANCBa NEXT WB&K. for his amends, and declaims, " Revenge is sweet,
heritor of the rolen of Madame Schneider
Mox. Royal Italian Opera. ' oyent GarJen. as sweet as love, and sometimes it lias even more
Tils. Koyal Academy ot MuKlc Musical and Dramatic Pertorraance
3. St Gtordiri) Hall.
and as an ideal representative of La strength given to it." Brought to his senses,
WiD.
Kyal Ita lan <)pra, Corent Garden.
Knyal lullan 'ip^ra. ('ovent Garden.
Petite Mariee, Le Petit Due, and a Carbouche commands his servant to futcli back
Thir
Kk;.
. Itnjal Italian Ojt'Ma, covent (iarJen.
Jtojal Italian Opera, (Jov nt Garden.
store of other parts in the works tlie portrait, and, restoring tlie iiionty paid for
6>r. Koyal Italian Opera, Covent Garden. of Offenbach and Ilerve, has shown it, throws it on the fire and consumes it. The
choked, but imperious, Lady Harlekston faces appeals to the dramatist, who, however, will be Jienet (apart). Of the black arts !
that follows, for Lady Harlekston humbles her- a taste in advance of her years and station, and Paul Demetrius in ' The Red Lamp.' The
self, and is penitent, if not more logical than treasures it in her memory. Marlowe's civilities character lastnamed is noteworthy as that in
before. "But I am a worldling," she pleads. to her rouse the jealousy of Richard Bame, a which at the Comedy Mr. Tree was first seen
" Just as you are a painter and belong to Art, youth who has fallen desperately in love with under his own management. Mrs. Tree re-
so am I a worldling belonging to the world, her. To him and to the treachery of Her Lady- appeared as the heroine, and Miss Lily Brayton
loving ease and luxury, jewels and flattery, and ship, discontented with Marlowe's cavalier played Olga.
not able to do without them." The closing fashions and his independent spirit, are due For the first three nights of the week Sir
scene is masterly in treatment, but fails to the arraignment of the poet for atheism and Henry Irving appeared at the Lyceum for the
impress or convince us as it should. his ultimate death in a tavern brawl. Before first time this season as Louis XL On Thurs-
With the story is linked another story, which he is slain, however, Marlowe has been down to day and Friday he was seen in A Story of '
is to some extent its echo. Once more a Waterloo and The Bells,' and this afternoon
Canterbury, his native place, and has had an ' '
penniless young student loves a maiden, and interview with Alison, now happily married, the season concludes with The Merchant of '
once more wealth and rank pose as his which has converted him to better ways. His- Venice.'
rivals. Interested in spite of himself in the torically, the play is accurate enough, and it is The three closing nights of M. Coquelin's
youth, in whom he detects genius, and who is written with much spirit. We are not greatly season at the Garrick were occupied respec-
in some respects his former self, Carbouche edified, however, by hearing Marlowe recite his tively with Tartuffe and 'Les Precieuses Ridi-
' '
takes part in the struggle. Cynic as he is, and own poems or indulge in soliloquies from Faust.' ' cules,' L'Avare,' and *Le Ddpit Amoureux,'
'
convinced of feminine weakness and treachery, The conversations of the dramatists his com- and a revival of Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme,'' '
he urges Gabrielle Berton to espouse the Vicomte panions show familiarity with the speech of with monologues by MM. Coquelin aine and
de Courville and to dismiss Gaston Viguet. Tudor times, but are not wholly satisfactory. cadet. The selection of pieces has been judi-
To the student, meanwhile, he promises, in Among the characters heard of, but not seen, cious, and the performances of the elder Coquelin
place of the woman, fame and fortune. He are Dekker, Ben [Jonson], Lyly, Henslowe, and have been admirable. M. Coquelin cadet has
will himself provide for the youth, will accept
Will, who not strengthened his reputation.
him as his only pupil, furnish him with oppor- is come to print of late
Thf. compulsory closing, by order of the
tunities for foreign travel, and in fact treat With a sometime poem, '
Venus and Adonis.'
County Council, of the Criterion Theatre, with
him as a son. Greatly to his surprise, both What is best in the play is the manner in which a view to its reconstruction, has led to the
refuse his offers, preferring love to aught else the atmosphere of the epoch is caught, though
transference from that house to the Prince
this is more manifest in the comic characters
in the world. In the end, of course, Car-
bouche relents in this as in other matters, and than in the sentimental, Gabriel Andrew, the
of Wales's
its original home of A Country '
makes the young people happy without exacting worthy yeoman, as he becomes, inspires us with
removal from the Prince of Wales's to the
from them the proposed sacrifice. but little conviction, and Alison herself, though
Shaftesbury of 'There and Back by Mr. George '
Those will not be wanting who will fit the a sweet slip of a girl, is a trifle too sentimental.
Arliss. No change of cast is to be noted in either
character of Carbouche to a living exemplar Marlowe is smitten by her ingenuousness and
instance.
who is credited in the art world with some virginal charm, but his mind at the outset is
of his peculiarities. With this we have, of wholly occupied with his courtly mistress. It is
At the end of the season of Mile. Jeanne
Granier on Saturday next the Garrick Theatre
course, nothing to do, having but to deal with concerning Her Ladyship that he rhapsodizes :
vant of years' standingis,foradmittinga stranger, Yields up tier robes of vermeil and of snow,
dismissed without appeal. Yet the place is less VioIet-vein6d beautiful as wings, and the Duchess.
And Woman comes
so the I
Friday evening witnessed at Drury Lane the
a studio than a corridor through which people
Our author in her lighter vein is best seen in
last performance of Ben-Hur ' and the close of
pass almost ad libitum. We are aware that this
'
Marlowe's description of his associates as he the season. Having been judged too unman-
cannot easily be avoided if a plot is to be
presents them to the embarrassed Alison :
ageable a piece for the contemplated country
evolved yet it can be carried out, teste Timon
;
'
Marloive. Dear Mistress Alison, have I your leave
of Athens.' Carbouche we are disposed to To do my fellows honor ? For they crave tour, Ben-Hur will be sent back to America.
' '
regard as a faux ma^ivais homme. We can- To wear their names before you. They have heard Before returning to America in January
Of Canterbury days. (Here, Tom, here, Tom.)
not accept him as he presents himself, or fancy This is my fellow-student, Thomas Nashe ;
next Mrs. Langtry contemplates producing in
him mingling in the crowd with which in the The gentlest soul that ever spitted man October another new play at the Imperial.
Upon an adder-tongue, the scourge of vice.
last act he is associated. This is the chief defect
Sleepless protector of all Puritans. During their autumn tour Mr. Frederick
in a play which we are prepared to accept as [Presenting Lodge. Terry and Miss Julia Neilson will produce in
Step hither, Tom. Here is another Tom,
considerable accomplishment. It is founded, Tom Lodge, the Second Son of our Lord-Mayor ; Newcastle For Sword or Song,' a poetical play
'
Mrs. Clifford tells us, upon a short story written Our nobly born. This is our Sunday Tom. by Mr. R. G. Legge, arranged for the stage by
by her in 1892. It has, if we are not mis- A poet, too. And smile upon him, mistress ; Mr. Louis Calvert.
Trust me, that smile of yours shall never die
taken, previously appeared in print, and has also Out of the world My good friend, Thomas Lodge-
been given at a solitary performance, presum- Entreat him kindly, for my sake. T'l CoRRKSPOMiKNTS. W. M. H. W. reccived.
LoJye {aside). O. Faustus
ably in order to protect stage rights.
Miirlowc. And Master Peele, of whom the woild relates
!
''
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The Eighth Seriejs of NOTES AND QUERIES, complete in 12 vols, price IO5. 6c7. each Volume, contains, in addition to a great
variety of similar Notes and Replies, Articles of Interest on the following Subjects.
FIRST SELECTION.
ENGLISH, IRISH, and SCOTTISH HISTORY. POPULAR and PROVERBIAL SAYINGS.
King Alfred's
Statue in London Queen Anne's Fifty New
Churches Child Commissions in the Army Beckford's Speech
pie Bed
Abraham's Bosom Adam's Ale "All alive and kicking" Apple-
Baling out the Atlantic Babies in the Eyes " Beak "
to George III.
Curfew Bell Queen Anne Boleyn Greater for Magistrate
Beanfeast Born Days
Hang out the Broom
Britain Genuine Relics of Charles I. Siege of Derry Slave
Three Estates of the Realm Feer and Flet " He 's an honest
Market at Dover The Emerald Isle French Prisoners of War man and eats no fish" "Let us walk down Fleet Street"
" Man of Ghent."
Fathers of the House of Commons George III.'s Title, Fool's paradise
1751-60 Charles I. at Little Gidding. PHILOLOGY.
SIOGRAPHY. Abif Abigail Lady's-maid Adam's
for Name Wonderful
Dr. Abernethy and Hunter
Addison and Shakspeare Age of Arabic Word Ale-dagger Alternative, Misuse " Animal- its
Alexander the Great Major Andre Matthew Arnold's Burial- culae "Incorrect Derivation of Argon " At that Betterment "
FINE ARTS.
'Rattlin the Reefer' Juvenile Authors Beaconsfie
" ghosts Blocks by Bewick
Id Biblio-
graphyLeap-frog Bible Bibles Books
Raffling by
for sold
Free Societies of Artists Artists' "
the Ton The 'Ship of Fools '* Eikon Basilike 'Gladstone First Illustrations to Hudibras Portraits of Beau Brummel
' '
CLASSICAL SUBJECTS.
salutant " Beati possidentes
Ram at Eton Evil Eye Recovering Drowned Bodies German " Ave, Caesar, morituri " "
Bands and Rain Washing on Holy Thursday Peacock Feathers
te
"Bos locutus est" "Cane Decane, canis" " Civis Romanus
Cures for Rheumatism Sneezing -Breeding Stones Wheat sum " De mortuis
" bonum Delphin
nil nisi
"
Classics
quod vis" Echo Latin Lines "Erubuit;
thrown at Weddings Shower of Frogs. " Dilige, et fac in
S'OETRY, BALLADS, and DRAMA. salva res " Exceptio
est " probat regulam " Fiat experi- "
a Mummy
National Anthems
'
Portraits of Spranger Barry TOPOGRAPHY.
Francis Beaumont's Baptism
Booking Places at Theatres Abbotsford Ainsty of YorkAvalon Bevis Marks Birdcage
Colley Gibber's Death Davenant's ' Siege of Rhodes 'Drama
Walk Original Bracebridge Hall Bream's Buildings Bunhill
during the Commonwealth " Gods " at Drury Lane Miss Fields Burial-ground Caorsa Cassiter Bodmin Street,
Fairbrother
Gay's Beggar's Opera.''
Celliwig Drayton's Residence in Fleet Street Old Reeky.
By DAVID S. M E L D R U M, THE
Author of '
The Story of Margredel.'
Rubies Margaret.
;
Cockade of George I. Old Wooden Chest Westminster City HAVANA JOHN CLARE'S LIBRARY: BELLENDEN'S
in 1702;
SCOTS "TRANSLAriON of LIVY; BIBLIOGRAPHY of WAL'TER
Motto " Meresteads " Lovel De Hautville
Tedula Almanac
;
LITERARY GOSSIP.
Also BELGIUM.
FREDERICQ.
'
Wilcocks
"Babies in the eyes " Londres Ainsworth Mrs. SCIENCE : Recent Publications; Societies; Meetings Next AVeek By Prof.
'rhrale's Streatham House "Flowering Sunday "Yarrow Vn- Gossip.
visited Follett King's Champion Gladstone an Italian Address :
FINE ARTS : Van Dyck's Sketch-Book; Pottery and Porcelain
Arms of Continental Cities Trentham and Gower Families.
NOTES ON BOOKS :Arrowsmith's 'Registers of Wigan 'Cata-
logue of Deeds in the Record Office,' Vol. III. 'Folk-lore.
Egyptian Antiquities at University College Sales; Gossip.
MUSIC: Glasenapp's Life of Wagner; Opera at Covent Garden
;
BOHEMIA.
Crystal Palace Peace Festival Mr. Bisphani's Recitation of ; By Dr. TILLE.
Notices to Correspondents. Enoch Arden Gossip Performances Next Week.
'
; ;
DRAMA Gossip.
rie XZTMBER for JVLY 12 contains : TTie ATHEN^UM for July 5 contains Articles on DENMARK.
NOTES: De Lad Family Birmingham " Bmmagem Mr. Thorns
Wyk'and " Wick "Jacob Verses Effigy in rettenhall Church-
:
"
CONTINENTAL LITERATURE. By Dr. A. IPSEN.
'
CHALMERS of NEW GUINEA.
yard " Reliable " Psendo-Scientiflc Novel A Travelled Goat SCOTTISH TEXT SOCIETY'S PUBLICATIONS.
" Elucubration Wearing Hats in Church Serjeants-at-Law under
'
By M. PRAYIEUX.
QVERIES :-Lamb's 'Satan in Search of a Wife' Halley Family-
Admiral Gordon in Russian Navy Baronets of Nova Scotia INTERCESSORY SERVICES at ST. P.VULS; LORD ACTON; A
"Muffineer" Barbadian Registers Elizabeth Percy Greek and CASE of PLAGIARISM SALE of AMERICANA.
GERMANY.
;
ward VII. -National Flag Dead Sea Level C. Babington Arms MUSIC Opera at Covent Garden;
of Knights Rossetti 3 Rugglero Royal Standard Henrv IV 's
'
GREECE.
'"Keep your hair on Ai.x la-Chapelle "Lupo-mannaro
" "
ANNUITIES. HUNGARY.
Vtt XtrjtlBER for JULYS contains: LIFE DEPARTMENT. By M. KATSCHER.
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HYMN ON BIRTH OF EDWARD VII.
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VERSES FOR A PRINCE OF WALES.
NOTESr Cowley Living Memory of Coronation of George IV. TWO FULL YEARS" BONUS ITALY.
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'
Quinquennium ending next
By Dr. GUIDO BIAGL
I'iy Met'- Took's Court " Autocrat in Russian Scot<li
' "
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1, 7,
By Dr. BELCIKOWSKL
the night' "Pec Sictna "Lovel De Hautville May Cats.
REPLIP.S "Meres'eads " " Hopeful "
:
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Ornithology" Hop the twig "' Aviwin Latin Verses West
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SATURDAY, JULY 26, 1902. struck o\\ for Kerman, to the description of Desert phenomena like the I^ut are treated
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the better part of three chapters, not only de cause. Tracts such as the Sarhad, the
CONTENTS.
P\OE interesting as narrative, but also indicating Helmand Lagoon, and Bashakird are just
Mii.es ix Persia 113
Tex Thousasd much research. They close with a state- those on which we seek to obtain still
Hkxry VIII m ment of his arrival at Bushire, from which needed enlightenment. That Major Sykes
The New Excii.isH Dictionary liri place he turns eastward to Simla, taking is the holder of the gold medal of the Royal
Scottish PiiiLosorHY llt> occasion to say something of the Baluch Geographical Society and its Back grant,
Mb. BooKKB Washisgton's Autobiography IK fishing ports passed on the way, and not as also of the silver medal of the Society of
Theological Litkbatvrk 118 omitting Maskat, on the opposite side of Arts, is a natural consequence of well-per-
Short Stories 120 the Gulf. At Simla a further mission of formed services, which not infrequently
State Papers and Calexpars 121 travel awaited him, and he set out de novo meet with public recognition in non-official
Hecent Work on Plato .. 122 on that kind of roving career which, backed quarters, while the powers that be are less
125128
might be, we are able to gather from his made a more essential feature in our modern
Firefly ix Italy; Sales
sister's bright narrative (of which a second school teaching. Apart from their historical
Literary Gossip 128
edition was published in 1901) that in the value, the bare retrospect of the geography
Science Millais ox Surface - feeding Ducks;
History OF Geology; Gossip 129131 summer of 1891 he returned from his second involved should render them a worthy study.
Fine Arts Mr. Goodall's Reminiscences Two ; Persian journey, and that in November of As it is, it appears even doubtful whether
Catalogues; The" LAnYRiNTH"AND the Palace the same year he started for Marseilles on the mention of Alexander's name in the first
ofKxossos; Sales; Gossip 131- 133
his third journey in the same direction, chapter of the Book of Maccabees gives
Music 'Dox Giovanni'; Productiox of Der '
Wald'; Royal Academy*, Students' Perform- with Miss Sykes as a companion. From it warrant to demand attention from the
ance; Beethovex and Clementi; Gossip 134- 1.35 this expedition we learn that the travellers most advanced of Bible classes. Of late
Drama 'Le< Dfux ficoLES'; Gossip 136 did not return till after an absence ex- years there have been many learned, if
ceeding two years, during which time scarcely popular, treatises on the theme of
the British Consulate at Kerman had Alexander's Indian exploits and the labours
LITERATURE become a significant fact. It is perhaps of his admirals and generals, and now we
equally significant that in the autumn of have to thank Major Sykes for introducing
Ten Thousand Jliles in Persia ; or, Eight Years 1895 a Russian Vice-Consul was appointed into his newly published volume on Persia
in Iran. By Major Percy Molesworth in Sistan. In any case Major Sykes a chapter relating to Alexander's march from
Sykes, H.M. Consul, Kerman and makes it apparent that the founding or the Indus to the Karun. Nor may we pass
Persian Baluchistan. (Murray.) shall we say "counterfounding" ?
of con- over without notice the curious illustration
The Sir George Chesney, when lec-
late sulates was a matter which accounted for (p. 152) of the same warrior's consultation
turing some ten or twelve years ago to the his presence in the locality aSected. By the of the speaking tree.
members of the United Service Institution way, it may be assumed, from the mode in As regards the voyage of Nearchus, of
of India, on the invasion of that country which a chapter of local history is here whose geography of the Makran coast Dean
by Alexander the Great, gave it as his alluded to, that the retrospect of the original Vincent has shown himself to have made
opinion that " an army which had been in Sistan arbitration has still a certain attrac- very practical use, it seems probable that the
the field for eight years, and had marched tiveness for Eastern politicians and that in
; pigeon-holed reports of the Bombay Govern-
from the heats of the Nile to the snows of spite of the fulness of detail with which the ment might with advantage have been more
the Hindu Kush, always victorious, was a original question was treated, neither the closely examined. The correspondence in
perfect military engine." By a like pro- true position nor the inevitable embarrass- 18G2-;5 on the subject of the Indo-European
cess of reasoning, we may accept the recent ment of the mission itself has been quite overland telegraph might well have afforded
experiences of Major Sykes as constituting appreciated or understood up to the present some helpful contributions to the narrative
him a recognized authority on the matter of moment. This is not, however, the time of the difficulties experienced in turning the
up-to-date Persia. His claim to actual or place for the revival of controversy on Malan range referred to by Major Sykes.
" mileage "
a term familiar to the Indian incidents concerning a past generation That officer writes :
Pay Department may be readily conceded of governors or agents. We
will content " About a hundred miles from the Arabios,
by the initiated reader without inquiry about ourselves, therefore, with a brief recurrence the Miilan range, which abuts on the coast, forced
the particular quadrupeds employed, or even to the subject of Sistan, so far as that the army to turn inland up tlie Hingol river ;
any chance transport by rail or steamer, province remains now aSected by old the hills are indeed practically impassable, and,
should such have been included in the international arbitration, when bringing in recent times constituted the cru.c of the
account. In other words, the instructive our notice to a conclusion. The book, we difliculties which confronted the telegraph line
and richly illustrated volume we are about may safely affirm, is replete with interest in Makrdn. In fact. Sir Thomas Holdicli proves
to notice may be considered to be the out- and information for those who regard Persia beyond doubt that the horrors sufiered by the army
were concentrated into this section, a di.stance
come of just as many years of toil and travel as a country worthy to take part in the
of more than l.")0 miles. The de.scription given
as sufficed for Alexander of Macedon to council- chamber of nations, and not as a
might have been written by a modern traveller,
stay his hand from Persia and so-called mere field for the discovery of new Hajji and powerfully appeals to every one familiar with
Central Asia and proceed to his still greater Babas. Makiiin. For they met with lofty ridges of deep
'
project, the invasion of India. From the author's fourth journey up to sand, not hard and compact, but so loose that
Leaving London in January, 1893, Major the time that he makes his bow before those who stopped on it sunk down as into mud
Sykes set forth with intent to enter Persia the footlights of home criticism there or rather into untrodden snow The great
at the south-east corner of the Caspian, and is no occasion to continue the record of
di.sUnces also between the st.iges were most dis-
tressing to the army, compelled, as it was at
after visiting Odessa, Tiflis, and Baku, actual exploration comprised within the
times by the irregularity of the water supply,
made for the Uzun Ada, or Long Island, 10,000 miles of his title-page. A glance at
to make marches above the ordinary length.
the starting - point of the Transcaspian the contents of his goodly volume will .show When they traversed the whole of an allotted
railway. Here he penetrated the Turkoman liow strong are claims to compre-
its
stage by night and camo to water in the
country, opened out by Vambt'ry some years hensiveness and versatility. Its geography morning, their distress was almost entirely
before, and more or less fully described by is of a useful and popular description. The relieved ; but if, as the day advanced, they were
Baker, Napier, and others. Thence making knowledge whicli it diffuses on Eastern cHUght still marching, owing to the great length
for Meshed (more accurately Mash-had), he Persia is especially sound and practical. of t^ho stage, then they were bound to suffer,
:
information on the wanderings of his of the period when he was not yet tired of
Venetian hero. Travellers in the oast of Testimony of the same gratifying kind his first wife and hoped still that she might
Persia have been until lately few and far bearing upon the once disturbed region of bless him with a male child and, further, an
;
between, and not to all of them has been Persian Baluchistan has been given by Sir interesting example of the very confidential
given that spirit of research which keeps Edward Ross, for many years our political relations which existed between him and
officer on the Makran coast and resident at Cardinal Wolsey. The other facsimile is of
a man alive to the recognition of
routes traversed by a mediaeval explorer, Bushire, an officer thoroughly acquainted one of the notorious love-letters to Anne
liowever celebrated, nor the faculty of with the geography and politics of the whole Boleyn, which, somehow or other, got into
identifying the remains of ancient cities or coast from the Shattu'larab to Karachi. the Vatican Library and are there to this
the sites of an arctic sea or other marvel of This peaceful state of things and the im- day. It is written in French and presses
the period. Here is a passage in which provement of our relations with Kelat, Bela, for a declaration of reciprocal affection, as
Major Sykes ventures to differ from the and countries more immediately bordering the writer protests that he has been smitten
distinguished critic, but how rejoiced would upon India proper, furnish a remarkable con- with the dart of love for more than a year.
that critic have been to argue the disputed trast to the picture presented in the forties Of the pictorial illustrations there are
question with him, for the mere sake of of the nineteenth century, and will be readily many which are of high interest besides
adding to his stock of information, even credited to the statesmanship of our Vice- the portraits of the king. There is one of
though his theory suffered defeat At roys and their advisers since the disastrous Wolsey from a miniature belonging to
the
!
p. 262-3 we read :
period of the Mutiny. Duke of Buccleuch, which is of the type
'
' Sir Henry Yule in his introduction makes well known
a side-faced half-length with
them [i.e., the brothers Nicolo and Maffeo] the right hand projecting and two fingers
travel via Siviis to Mosul and Baghdad, and Kenry VIII. By A. F. Pollard. (Goupil raised. Less familiar is the portrait of
thence by sea to Hormuz, which is the itinerary &Oo.) Prince Arthur from the Royal Collection at
shown on his sketch map. This view I am un-
willing to accept for more than one reason. In
This magnificent volume as we remarked Windsor. But the portraits really include
of its predecessor, Creighton's Queen Eliza- ' nearly every important historical character of
the first place, if we suppose, with Sir Henry
Yule, that Ser Marco visited Baghdad, is it not
beth'
naturally invites attention first from the period every one of Henry's queens, his
unlikely that he should term the river Volga
an artistic point of view. And no reign sisters Margaret and Mary, his son Edward
the Tigris, and yet leave the river of Baghdad deserves better to have its art memorials as prince, his daughters Mary and Eliza-
nameless ? It may be urged that Marco believed reproduced with that admirable fidelity and beth, his natural son the Duke of Rich-
the legend of the re-appearance of the Volga in finish on which Messrs. Groupil have be- mond, Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk,
Kurdistdn, but yet, if the text be read with care, stowed so much attention than the reign of Sir Thomas More, Cranmer, Thomas Crom-
and the character of the traveller be taken into the eighth King Harry. We are all familiar, well, and various others. Altogether they
account, this error is scarcely explicable in any from various portraits, some of them Hol- form a gallery of rare interest and value.
other way than that he was never there. Again,
bein's masterpieces, with his robust and Nor are the pictorial illustrations confined to
he gives no description of the striking buildings
portly figure and it is due mainly to the portraits, for they include two well-known
;
of Baudas, as he terms it, but this is nothing to
the inaccuracy of his supposed onward journey. high state of art in his reign that the general paintings at Hampton Court of the king's
To quote the text, ' A
very great river flows impression of his personality is so much departure from Dover to meet Francis, and
through the city,....and merchants descend some more vivid than that of all earlier and of the actual meeting on the Field of the
eighteen days from Baudas, and then come to a nearly all later sovereigns. Portraits, Cloth of Gold. There is also a representa-
certain city called Kisi, where they enter the sea indeed, we have (apparently painted from tion of the latter event from a bas-relief on
of India.' Surely Marco, had he travelled down the life with trustworthy care) of several of the Hotel Bourgtheroulde at Rouen.
the Persian Gulf, would never have given this
description of the route, which is so inaccurate
his predecessors. We
can form a pretty Here, then, is a wealth of artistic material
as to point to the conclusion that it was vague
fair idea of the youthful face of Richard II., from which alone some valuable ideas might
information obtained from some merchant whom of the bland looks of Edward IV., of the be formed touching the character of the
he met in the course of his wanderings." 8inister,uncomfortable aspect of Richard III., reign and its chief actors. How far does
and of the careworn, anxious countenance the letterpress go to supplement these
In conclusion, we may add a parting
of Henry VII. But of no earlier sovereign notions ? Mr. Pollard has done much good
word on Sistan, bearing chiefly on its
present state and circumstances. More
have we any portrait even where the art work in the Dictionary of National Bio-
*
procure acceptance for views like these. " oint," preserved in "ointment," which adjective is more than two centuries later,
Neither, we fancy, will the general reader, should etymologically be " oinment," as and is perhaps, as Dr. Murray avers, taken
however unversed in diplomatic history, take "archaic." In the ecclesiastical "obley" directly from Latin. It is strange that
Mr. Pollard's word for it that Cardinal the modern instances are not enclosed in "official insolence " is not found among the
Wolsey was a blunderer in statesmanship, brackets, though there is no apparent quotations. To " offer," again, was at first,
whose policy was " an anachronism." reason why it should not be treated exactly from the ninth century, ecclesiastical, "to
Eeally, a writer who talks in this way will like " oflete." But for a clerical oversight present to deity or saint as a sacrifice or
hardly be listened to with respect when he an extremely rare occurrence in this exem- oblation," and the substantives " offer,"
avers that there ' never was a flimsier plar of care and industry Dr. Johnson's "offerer," and "offering" followed the
theory than that the divorce of Catherine "Olympionic" would doubtless have been verb in this respect.
was the sole cause of the break with pronounced "rare." In spite of Johnson's The reckless way in which specialists coin
Pome." On this matter, however, we are added /, we should hesitate to follow Dr. technical terms is shown by Hamilton's " ob-
told that Henry had really convinced him- Murray in placing the stress on the penulti- jectify " for the earlier "objectize," and the
self " that to continue to live with his mate. The second and fifth syllables ought newer synonyms "objectivate" and " objec-
brother's wife was sin." How sincere to receive stress, but it is to be hoped the tivize." Our columns appear to have intro-
Henry's convictions were we may judge word will not be used again. It does not duced the adjective "observatory" (1804)
from what Mr. Pollard himself tells us in come under the prescribed definition of as an alternative to the somewhat earlier
another place : " alien," but it certainly falls short of being "observational." The attempt to revive
" He told the Papal Nuncio in England that, "now current English." It is clear, then, " obstinance " for "obstinacy," which must
although he had studied the question of the that the estimate of current English must be have been applied to disease since 1808, is
Pope's authority, and retracted his defence of taken cum grano salts. Lexicographers must to be reprobated. Our " oceanographic
the Holy See, yet possibly Clement might give content themselves with a broad and simple has been lengthened to " oceanographicul."
him occasion to probe the matter further still, classification. Students of the English lan- Under " ombre " a recent suggestion that
and to reconfirm what he had originally guage can multiply for themselves dis- the game and its name came from Portugal
written."
tinctions between words according to origin, with Charles II. 's bride is disposed of, and
No doubt of it. If the Holy Father only form, and degree of familiarity. They see at it is shown that they arrived with or soon
voidd have granted Henry his divorce, how once that "Olympus" is not English in the after the king on his restoration. Caxton is
"
zealously would not Henry have recalled his same sense as "heaven" is, and so, too, credited with the introduction of " obfusk
words, and maintained once more the Holy even as regards " odium " and "hate" or (vb.), " obmiss "=^omit, "obscurity," " ob-
Father's authority There never was a
1 " unpopularity." scurous," " ob temper," " offensable," " ok-
mind soopen to conviction when good Noteworth)' among a number of interest- selle " (armpit, Middle Dutch oeknele), and
inducements were held out to him for a ing and instructive articles are those on " ongle." Browning perpetrated " ombri-
change of view. "oar," "object" (sb. and vb.), "observe," fugo " in 1808, but it was, perhaps, an
Mr. Pollard's summing up is that Henry "occupy," "offer," "office," "official" error for " inibrifuge." In the sense "to
" directed the storm of a revolution, which (sb.), "old," "one," "only," and on the render universal " " oranify " is quoted only
was doomed to come, and which was certain prepositions "of," " off," and "on." The from Coleridge and, per sal/io/i, the
to break those who refused to bend " word "of" furnishes a very valuable
little Chicago Advance, in which the mt^uning is
;
that without him that storm "might have grammatical study, presenting sixty-three not so clear as is dtsirable. The instances
been far more terrible"; that he "dis- sections, treating of as many varieties of of " odiousnoss " jump from Burnet, about
cerned more clearly than Wolsey the nature usage or meaning, and taking up eighteen 1715, to tho ]\[(nuhfHtt'r Kiai/iiutr, 1HH4,
of the ground on which he stood " and ; columns, in which there are nearly a thou- partly, perhaps, because " odium," used in
finally that sand illustrative quotations. And yet we the same sense, makes the older word super-
" ' "
fluoua, as also is tho innovation " obtainal." "obtain," "occasion," "olfend," "odour," Hutcheson to Ferrier. By " Scottish philo-
Milton should have been quoted for " odo-
" oil," and their numerous derivatives and sophy " is here meant the whole national
riferous " and " only omniscient." He is the congeners. The adequate treatment of a development, and not, as sometimes, merely
earliest authority given for " obstriction," large proportion of this multitude of familiar the common-sense school definitely founded
"obtrusive," aud"omnific." There should be words has demanded and obtained the by Eeid. The national philosophy is thus
a cross-reference from " oneliness " to " onli- exercise of all the high qualities which are conceived as dating from the beginning of
ness," which, according to the examples, making the New English Dictionary by
' '
the eighteenth century all that went before
;
means "oneness," as well as "singleness, far the fullest, the most scientific, the most belonging in effect to the non-national
singularity, uniqueness," and "solitariness, accurate, and altogether the best and most scholastic philosophy which, as is usually
solitude." Undoubtedly " olla podrida useful dictionary yet planned or published forgotten, had continued to be dominant in
ought to be marked as alien, as much in and for any language. Though not pro- the universities of Europe, Protestant as
as "odium theologicum." In the senses fessedly regulative, it cannot fail to exercise well as Catholic, long after it had ceased to
"petty," " shabby," the colloquial Ameri- a beneficent influence on the future of our make any appeal to independent thinkers.
canism "one-horse" is now common, though language and this at a time when English
;
Hutcheson, as Prof. Laurie notes, was taught
it may not have got into print much. 0. W. seriously threatened with rapid de-
is at school (in the north of Ireland), "in
Holmes's figurative " one- story intellect" terioration, partly due to the embarrassing addition to classics, the outlioes of the
should be noticed under " one," 32. It richness of its vocabulary and the ever- scholastic philosophy" and at Glasgow, as
;
should have been mentioned under the expanding vastness of its scope. A cursory professor, he at first lectured in Latin. There
electrical "ohm" that the last quotation survey of any portion of this great work is no doubt, however, about the distinctively
gives the scientific definition of the word, and quickly makes the best-read person feel modern character of his own thought; which,
the Board of Trade definition should have how small a percentage of his own mother- while following that of Shaftesbury in its
been added. In the article on the letter tongue he has at command, and how much argument for the native endowment of man
"0" Dr. Murray separates "moth" in there is to be learnt and remembered even with benevolent affections, is here, as in many
pronunciation from "rob," "got," and about the most familiar words. Many other points, at one with the whole ethical
classes it with "soft" with the o of medial persons who are supposed to be educated drift of the eighteenth century. The hard-
length, which is heard in "cloth," but not hear and use words and phrases with only ness which had characterized the political
in " moth," in educated English as spoken a vague or partial conception of their exact and especially the religious struggles of the
without a perceptible mixture of dialect. signification. The 'New English Dic- sixteenth and seventeenth centuries had by
The etymology of the Latin "omen" is tionary '
is the best possible aid to such now given way and, a more settled life
;
hardly wanted in an English dictionary, weaklings, as the wealth of illustration im- having come in, philosophy could return to
and " perh. for ausmen, f. root of audire to presses the explanations and distinctions of the old humanitarianism developed by the
hear," is quite as doubtful as the connexion usage on the memory. This branch of Stoics in an earlier time of comparative
of " obscenus " with Greek o-Katos, which etymology, which originally gave its name quiet.
is Later instances are wanted
not noticed. to the science, is an element of incalculable The sketches of minor thinkers are par-
for "emitter" (1661, Fuller), which is very importance to popular education of a whole- ticularly interesting as contributing to fill
properly not marked as obsolete, for " ob- some and elevating type, and is, therefore, up gaps in the knowledge of most readers,
testation " (1850),"omnifarious" (1839), of higher practical value than the morpho- few of whom, it may be suspected, have
" omniform " (1816), "omnipotently" logy, phonology, and ulterior history of read anything of Andrew Baxter, who tried
(1819), "emissive" (1832), "oil-colour" words, which can only be properly appre- to prove from the fact of motion that the
(1821) used in the definition of "oleo- ciated by students of linguistic science, on going on of the world must be due to
graph," and for "odium" 1, e.g., "expose whom the constant use of this dictionary is an immaterial cause, since matter itself is
me to odium" (1829). The phrase "obex imperative. The journalist who was so passive. "The world, according to his
or bar " occurs in all three quotations for tired of writing about rowing "eights" view, is a mechanism which has had motion
" obex," so it is left doubtful whether the that he solaced himself by pressing octette
'
'
'
originally impressed upon it, but which is
Latin word is ever used by itself. Con- into aquatic service will find from the ever tending to run down, and therefore
sistency seems to require notice of the pages before us that he may maintain requires the artificial intervention of the
" October Club." variety with equal justification by utilizing prime mover." This theory, though Prof.
The most conspicuous example of fresh " octad," " octave," " octonary," and Laurie does not note the fact, has reappeared
etymology is the account of " odd " and its "ogdoad," not to mention the misuse of in some famous developments of modern
separation from " odds," which in the six- " octoreme " suggested by another jour- physics.
teenth century was regularly singular, nalist. If we must have nonsensical novel- The greatest of the thinkers brought
" apparently pi. of odd a. taken subst." The ties, a multitude of alternatives is a matter under review is of course Hume, against
old Teutonic form of the cognate " ord "= of indifference. But the general effect of whose scepticism the philosophy of common
tip, point, beginning, is given as " ozdoz " the dictionary on journalism of the better sense was a reaction. Between Eeid and
instead of Tick's "uzdoz" from a root vas, class is likely to be a salutary check on the Hume there was perfect good feeling. Hume
" cut." Thus the possibility of a connexion production of journalese, if only writers use saw Reid's Inquiry in manuscript, and,
' '
with Lat. "ordior" (= begin) is implicitly it as they ought. while declining criticism, congratulated the
suggested. The sixteenth and seventeenth The forthcoming issue of a portion begin- author both on the matter and the manner
century phrase " make odds even " is com-
pared with a phrase quoted under " odd,"
ning vol. viii. Q S, edited by Mr. Craigie, of his book. Eeid, on his part, in a letter
is announced, presumably for October Ist, written in 1763,
7 b: "We sail evin that is od " (1450- when it is to be hoped that a double section
"conveys to Hume the compliments of his
1470). The Middle English element is of vol. vi., from " Lief " onward, will also
'friendly adversaries,' Campbell, Gerard, and
exceptionally obtrusive in the portion before appear. If each of the three editors issued Gregory, and adds '
Your company would,
:
us owing to the number of early compounds 256 pages per annum, which ought to be although we are all good Christians, be more
beginning with the prepositions "of," feasible, the end would be reached within acceptable than that of St. Athanasius and
;
" on," such as " ofask," " ofclepe," the first decade of this century. since we cannot have you on the bench, you are
"ofdrede," "ofearn," " off ear," " of go " brought oftener than any other man to the bar,
"ofhold," "ofreach," " ofsee," " of slay]" accused and defended with great zeal, but with-
"ofsting," "oftake," " ofthink," " onbid," Scottish Philosophy in its National Develop- out bitterness.
"onbows," "onfang," "onfast," "ongin," ment, By Henry Laurie, LL.D. (Glas-
" onheave," in addition to " ocker "=usury,
By Prof. Laurie Reid is treated liberally,
gow, MacLehose & Sons). but with no exaggerated " patriotic bias."
" oeps"=use, "oflete" from Latin "oblata,'' Peof. Laurie's agreeably written volume, The philosopher of common sense is entitled,
" ofold " =
onefold, " olfend " =camel, while it ought to be of service, as he hopes, he says, " to the credit of having grappled,
"onde"^ spite, envy, longing, emotion, to many who, without any pretence of being though in a rough and ready way, with one
breath, " ondful " =
spiteful, " one " or specialists in philosophy, take an intelligent of the leading problems of modern philo-
y onne "=on. But there are hundreds of interest in the history of thought, provides sophy." He showed the necessity and
important words in regular use such as what will be to the student a useful outline importance of distinguishing between sen-
"obey," "oblige," "oblique," "observe," of the course of Scottish philosophy from sation and perception. Yet, as Prof. Laurie
;
nate in his attempts to make facts support to learn any particulars about his mother's
" I was one of the happiest souls on earth.
his theories. family and his father. All he can say with
The sweeping of that room was my college
The detailed studies are brought to a certainty is that he was born a slave on a examination, and never did any youth pass an
close with excellent chapters on Sir William plantation in Franklin County, Virginia, and examination for entrance into Harvard or Yale
Hamilton and James Frederick Ferrier. that, Lincoln issued his proclamation
till that gave him more genuine satisfaction. I
Summing up his criticism of Hamilton, the abolishing slavery, he lived in a log cabin have passed several examinations since then,
author remarks that the logical end of his fourteen by sixteen feet square, with his but I have always felt that this waa the best
philosophy, as shown historically, was phe- mother, a brother, and a sister. The slaves one I ever passed,"
nomenalism pure and simple :
were well fed, otherwise they could not General Armstrong, who presided over
do their work but their children were
; the Hampton Institute, mentioned in
is
"Here, then, the wheel of speculation has treated, the author says, like dumb animals, enthusiastic terms, and Mr, Washington
come full circle. The philosophy Common but one of many
of getting " a piece of bread here and a scrap of says that he was
Sen.se, devisedby Reid as a safeguard against
meat there," sometimes a cup of milk and Northerners who laboured to elevate the
Scepticism and Idealism, was so transmuted by
Hamilton as to lead back again to the conclusion sometimes a few potatoes. When he had grown negro race and never uttered a bitter
that nothing can be known, and conscfjuently sufficiently, he was employed at the "big word about the Southerners against whom
that nothing can be affirmed or denied, beyond house " to turn paper fans to keep the flies he had fought. Life at Hampton Institute
the fleeting phenomena of consciousness." off the table. iJuring the Civil War he and was a constant revelation to this poor negro
his fellow-slaves sull'ered fewer privations boy. Nearly everything was new to him,
The traditional "Scottish philosophy " was
than their masters and mistresses, as they and he was specially impressed with his
not, of course, turned in this direction with-
could subsist on the corn bread and pork, of meals at regular hours, which were served
out influence from the deeper thought of on a table covered with a cloth, with a table
which there was abundance, while the whites
Kant, though Hamilton's philosophy is not napkin also with his toothbrush, bath, and
felt the deprivation of coffee, tea, and other ;
itself Kantianism. In opposition on the things which the slaves never tasted. When the sheets upon his bed.
whole to Hamilton, Ferrier, his personal Some years after his course of education
the men were in the field, the slaves were
friend and ardent admirer, developed a had ended he was called upon to return to
left in charge of their wives, daughters,
remarkable and too little known system of and children, and Mr. Washington main- Hampton as the teacher of seventy-five
idealism. Ferrier himself claimed to be Indian youths who had been admitted
tains that they were true to their trust,
purely Scottish as regards his intellectual He the responsibility, but he
accounting it both a privilege and a duty there. felt
antecedents, but after him, as Prof. Laurie determined to succeed, and he thinks he
to protect the ''young mistress or the old
notes in a concluding chapter, English and may nllirm that ho gained not only their
mistress." lie states that few instances can
Scottish philosopliy tend to merge into one, " complete confidence," but also their
be found, " either in slavery or freedom, in
and now " the stream of the national which a member of my race has been known " love and respect." They were continually
philosophy has mingled with the fuller planning to add to his comfort. They
to betray a specific trust."
tide of European thought." disliked beyond measure having their
The account of his struggles to obtain the
:
A Critical and Historical Enqidry into the birth of those from Antioch." The phrase
darky am called to preach." Origin of the Third Gospel. By P. "C. Sense. probably indicates that Eusebius knew that he
The students increased in numbers, and (Williams & Norgate.) Every one knows that was not born at Antioch. In no early writing
the school grew in size. But the toil and the stream of Christian literature flows but is there any statement regarding the year of the
responsibility pressed heavily on Mr. scantily from the close of the Apostolic age to birth. Dr. Clapton refers to the statement of
Booker Washington, who says that he the middle of the second century, and that it is Nicephorus that Luke was martyred at the age
spent sleepless nights during the first years only after the latter period that clear and unam- of eighty, and to that of .lerome that the age
in planning how to meet increasing ex- biguous testimonies abound as to the Canoni- was eighty-four. He himself says that " he met
cal Scriptures of the Church. Hence the per- his death about the year 07, at the age of
penditure. He felt that he was trying an plexities of the Biblical criticism of the New eighty-two." This statement is a conclusion
experiment which, if it failed, would be
Testament, hence the recurrence from time to from many conjectures, some of which may be
detrimental to his race that of testing time of the assertion that the sacred litera- noted. Luke had some Herodian name which
whether "negroes could build up and con- ture, or some considerable part of it, came into was changed to Luke, "perhaps by our Lord
trol the affairs of a large educational insti- existence a century or more after the period himself." " He had some Israelite blood in
tution." When he succeeded in acquiring to which the Church assigns it. Mr. Sense, his veins, and, if so, it would be of the tribe
land he resolved that the students should who appears to be a lawyer, and who claims to of Ephraim." Luke as "the goodman of the
cultivate it for the benefit of the school, be perfectly unbiassed doctrinally, is the author house " was an eye-witness and the faithful
and when new houses were required of such a theory. With regard to the Pauline recorder of the events of the Last Supper.
Epistles he does not follow the Dutch school, Cleopas was one of the two men who journeyed
that they should build them. As many who place them about 150 a.d., but is, on the to Emmaus, " and the other has been identified
as thirty-six buildings have been put up
whole, afollower of Baur. The Gospels, however, with St. Luke himself." Luke joined Christ
during nineteen years, and hundreds of he places in the second century. The Synoptic and His disciples at the time of the incident
negroes, now scattered throughout the Gospels were based, he considers, on the Gospel recorded in Luke ix. 18. The feeding of the
South, received a knowledge of mechanics of Marcion, of which Tertullian and Irena^us tell five thousand took place on Tuesday, April 12th ;
while being taught to erect them. Some- us, on the Gospel according to the Hebrews, on Wednesday, June 22nd, Luke rejoined our
times, he says, a new student may begin to the Protevangelium of James, and other narra- Lord at Csesarea Philippi. Luke was Antipas,
disfigure one of them with his pencil tives of the second century, which were written the martyr of Revelation and there is some
;
or
knife, when an old one will exclaim by the inferior Apostles of that age and were corroboration of this statement since by tradi-
" Don't do that. That is our building. very plentiful. The Apostles and others after tion Antipas was put to death by being shut
I whom the Gospels are supposed to be named up in a heated brazen bull, and the bull or
helped put it up," He states that
were not those of the first century, but men of ox was the distinctive symbol of St. Luke, of
'skill and knowledge are now handed
down the second not otherwise known. Of these the tribe of Ephraim. St. Luke's " tomb has
from one set of students to another, until at there was a Peter who had a son called Mark, recently been discovered at Ephesus by Mr.
the
present time a building of any description and a wife well known to the Church; there was Wood." Could there not have been some
or
size can be constructed wholly by our a Lucianus or Luke, a Matthias or Matthew. conjectures about the bull as htcas bos and Mr.
instructors
and students, from the drawing of the plans to The Gospels written by these persons and Wood's name and Incus ? Dr. Clapton ha s
the putting in of the electric fixtures, bearing their names existed first in an earlier worked without authorities, or, at least, has
without
going oflF the grounds for a single workman." form than the present one the editor who not given his readers an opportunity of testing
;
One of his trials was brickmaking. He made them the books we know was Pantfenus, his authorities, since he very rarely names
had brick- earth, but neither money nor first head of the Catechetical School
at Alex- them. As might have been expected, he deals
experience.
andria. Once put in this shape, they were with the medical characteristics of the third
Burning the moulded bricks imposed on the Church by the authority of its Gospel. He believes in the existence of the
was the hardest task, the one that required leading men, such as Clement, Irenasus, Origen, evil spirits in connexion with the diseases
the most skill and knowledge. and Tertullian. This is the theory to prove
Three named in the Gospel narrative and he tells us
;
attempts failed. To make a fourth, he which Mr. Sense has written his book of six that theologians "cannot deny the existence of
pawned his watch, and this time success hundred pages. The reader will find it often evilagents." Anintimate acquaintance with theo-
was achieved. Now brickmaking has be- very entertaining, but will be constantly sur- logical literature might prevent him from putting
come so great an industry at the school prised at the abuse Mr. Sense showers on theo- any limit to the theologian's powers of denial.
that last year the students " manufactured logians and ecclesiastics, both those of the second A Johannine Document in the First Cliapter of
and those of the nineteenth century. They are St. Lukes Gospvl. By J. R. Wilkinson. (Luzac
twelve hundred thousand first-class bricks,
all, he considers, with the exception
of Clement & Co.) The document of which Mr. Wilkinson
Gospel to have been directed against them. correct. As to the teaching, St. John's account not t3 say that He was the Son because of His
What proves the document in question to be by of it, while different in texture from that of the knowing the Father, but that He knew the
a ditierent author from the rest of Luke i. is, in synoptists, and not to be considered as repro- Father because He was the Son. While we
our author's view, that its idea of the Messianic ducing the words of Jesus verbally, is in essen- cannot agree with many of the conclusions of
kingdom is a different one, not the Davidic but tials accurate. It is spiritual in character, does the writer, we can most heartily recommend
that of Malachi, and that its connexion with the not insist on miracles, but on the " works " of his book to that class of readers for whom it is
other parts of the chapter is not substantial, Jesus, a phrase denoting His message and His intended as that of a very comi^etent, well-
but loose and artificial : whole activity. This work of St. John is pre- informed, and fair-minded writer.
"An earlv tradition concerning the bh'th of the served for us in the fourth Gospel, which prin- TJie Credibility of the Book of the Acts of the
Baptist, curreut among his followers, was combined cipally on that account is to be regarded with Apostles: bcinq the Hidsean Lect'nres for 1900-
by a Jewisli Christian compiler with a Uhristiau much gratitude but many disparate elements
; I'JOl. By JFrederic Henry Chase, D.D.
tradition concerning the birth of Jesus of Nazareth,
in such a fashion as to make it evident that from
are added to it by the later writer, who had (Macmillan.) This book deserves a welcome.
the very first St. John's inferiority to our Lord was other views to bring forward. This theory, Prof. Chase enters little into the antiquarian
made manifest." designed to save for the fourth Gospel at least and historical features of the narrative in Acts ;
And Elizabeth and Zachariah are both made to a partial authorship of the Apostle John, has what he tries to do is to trace the clue, which he
attest the Messiahship of Jesus. This compila- been, as the author tells us in his preface, believes is to be found in this book alone, from
tion took place, in our writer's view, very early rejected by its critics in Germany. It will the simple beliefs of the primitive Church to the
;
indeed, about the time when Aquila and probably fare better in this country, for a theology of St. Paul. On the linguistic side
Priscilla were brought into contact with ApoUos. time. The difficulties it has to meet will, how- of the problem he is well equipped, as every
Mr. Wilkinson had the misfortune to find after ever, prove too strong for it. The historical one who has any acquaintance with textual
he finished his work that his main conclusions accuracy of the fourth Gospel can only be main- studies knows his discussion of the question
;
had been published some years ago in the Theo- tained at the expense of the synoptists and ; in what language St. Peter spoke at Pentecost
lor/iscli Tijdsdirift, in a paper by Dr. Volters.
many find it hard to believe that the discourses and on other occasions is a very suggestive one.
This obliged him to give his paper the form of in John are derived in any degree from one who In many passages in Acts he gives new render-
an independent publication. His work, while had heard the Saviour and who repeated them ings, and points out fresh meanings in the
thoroughly well informed and critical, has a more from memory. words. His defence of the Lucan authorship,
sober spirit than that of his anticipator, and however, and his indications how St. Luke came
The fourth edition of The Epistles of St. John ;
many of his points will stand examination. to write Acts and what advantages he possessed
the Greek Text xoith Notes and Essays, by the late
for doing so, are not convincing. It was St.
The Gospel according to St. John an Lupiiry Bishop Westcott, is a reprint (Macmillan) of
:
Paul, we are told, who suggested to his com-
into its and Historical Value By Dr.
Genesis the last issue, with some little additions from
panion the writing of the book. St. Luke knew,
Hans Heinrich Wendt. Translated by Edward the late Bishop's notes on his own copy. All
of course, all about St. Paul, with whom he had
Lummis. (Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark.) Dr. that careful and accurate scholarship can do for
travelled and sojourned so much. True, he was
Wendt's hypothesis that the fourth Gospel the sacred text in the hands of one very con-
a Gentile and did not understand the inward-
embodies a primitive work consisting of scious of the doctrinal system of his Church
ness of Paul's contendings with the Jewish
discourses of the Lord as reproduced by is here fully and finely set forth.
Christians true, also, he did not write Acts till
;
the Apostle John was stated in his great iJtudes snr les JEvaiigiles. Par le Pere V. Rose, long after the events it records. But he had,
book on the Teaching of Jesus (188G), and
' '
O.P., Professeur a I'Universit^ de Fribourg. on the other hand, heard some of Paul's
has thus been some time before the public
both in Germany and in this country, where
(Paris, Welter.)
Father Rose is Professor of speeches, and even taken shorthand notes of
Exegesis at the little Swiss university of Fri- them, and he had heard Paul tell the story
that work was translated soon after its bourg, and has been led by the inquiry of a of his conversion in the different ways in which
production. The present volume contains the friend, as well as by what he knows of the mental it is told in Acts. On the earlier parts of the
detailed proof of the hypothesis, and we are experiences of his students, to consider the history St. Luke had information from St. Philip,
glad to say that the translation is a good one. question whether a Roman Catholic theologian St. James, St. Mark, and others, whom he had
A new solution of the perennially interest- is free to study the life and doctrine of our Lord consulted, according to his statement in the pro-
ing problem of the fourth Gospel thus lies logue to the Gospel, which is taken as applying
in the style prevailing in the Protestant schools
before the English reader. The evidence of the St. Peter's speeches, though not
of Germany and Switzerland i.e., restricting to Acts also.
new theory is drawn from the observation oneself to the Synoptic Gospels. He has devoted spoken originally in Greek, but in a mixture of
which may be made in every part of the fourth two years, he tells us, to the examination of Greek and Aramaic, and perhaps in a con-
Ciospel that the account of the teaching of the versational and exclamatory rather than a con-
the problem, and he publishes the results of his
Lord which it presents is not homogeneous, but inquiries in a volume of essays, the subjects of nected fashion, were preserved in the Church at
contains various views of the subject, which The 2. The
fourfold Gospel Jerusalem by the Hellenistic converts in a Greek
which are : 1. ;
often lie close together. Their co-existence The kingdom of version and he himself had looked over the copy
miraculous conception ; 3. ;
in the same work, and even in the same of his speeches in Greek which St. Luke used.
God ;4. The Father in heaven 5. The ;
passage, makes the understanding of the book St. Luke edited the speeches he reports, as he also
Son of Man 6. The Son of God
; 7. Re- ;
part of the book is taken up with tracing this sun's rays which, streaming through the colon-
and we notice that he has been included in the
dualism of view in detailthroughout the Gospel nades and arches of the Temple, rested on the
; assault lately delivered on Pore Loisy, of Paris ;
and the result which is reached is that as the Apostles, and the phenomenon received a
but we cannot see that the teaching of this book
first and third Gospels contain as one of their The casting of lots in
leads to any heresy. On the miraculous con- mystical interpretation.
constituents the login of Matthew, so the fourth chap. i. is said to be a sign of the spiritual im-
ception it is held that the fact was known to
Gospel contains the lofjia of St. .John, a work maturity of the Church before the Spirit came
the Apostle Paul, though he is silent with regard
which it is not beyond the power of criticism to The The discussion of the speeches of
to it, since it was treated as a mystery. to her.
disentangle from its setting. A table is given kingdom Jesus spoke of was not national or Acts is, however, the main part of the book ;
the Gospel Apocalypse Mark xiii., is vigour and humour will amply protect him from
the growing opinion of scholars. That the speeches tion of
deserving of attention his identifications of the the charge of'dulness and insipidity.
of St. I'eter and that of St. Paul at Antioch ;
"
contain a true record of very early Christian man of lawlessness and of the agent who "lets The Dame of the Fine Green Kirtle. By Torquil
to'iching may be regarded as made out. And or restrains the first being the Emperor, who MacLeod. (Long.) The story that gives its
that much of the other .speeches of St. Paul corre- claims divine honours, the second Claudius, who title to volume is the first,
this little green
sponds to teaching to be found in the Epistles opposed that claim can scarcely, we fear, both though by no means the best, of seventeen,
is also undeniable. But from these facts to the stand at once. The second Epistle is recognized all of which are concerned with life in the
conclusion that Luke's whole narrative is trust- as being formed on the first and wanting in Scottish Highlands. There is here none of the
worthy is a long stop, and Dr. Cliase does not originality, but the position to which it is rather wearisome dialect which pertains to what
relegated by the recogniti<jn that it copies the is called the " kailyard The spell-
The " in fiction.
really help us much to make this step.
evidence he relies on is chiefly in detail, and it first is scarcely realized. "A poor thing, but ing is comfortably familiar and sound, and
must be said that he does not tell us (juite enough St. Paul's own," must be the verdict, if Mr. the peculiarities of diction which occur are
of the history of doctrine in the New Testa- Askwith 's reasoning, which agrees with that of suggestively quaint, and have a pleasing
ment, especially of the genesis and bearing of the most modern critics, is accepted. effect. Occasionally the author forgets the
Pauline gospel as gathered from the Epistles. key in which his composition is set, as
When an idea in the Pauline speeches in Acts on pp. 91 and 92 but upon the whole his
;
is found also in the Epistles, this is pointed out ; little book is harmonious and consistent and ;
SHORT STOKIES.
when expressions occur in them which are not in several stories, such as ' The Mermaid's
in the Epistles we are told that they prove the A Dissertation upon Second Fiddles. By Death Grip,' ' How Hector of Mamore became a
speech not to have been made up from the Vincent O'Sullivan. (Grant Richards.) It is Silent Man,' 'The Phantom Piper,' and some
Epistles. The evidence may please those easy to discern who has been Mr. O'Sullivan's others, we have genuine glimpses of really
already of Dr. Chase's way of thinking, but it exemplar in the composition of this work. In interesting Highland folklore.
will scarcely convert any who think other- a loose sort of way it may be said to consist of and other Stories of Early
Petronilla,
wise. The fact remains, in spite of all that four short stories but the racy style, the liberty
;
Christian Times, by S. N.Sedgwick (Xewnes),
is said here, that in Acts St. Peter and St. Paul of digression, the familiar nudging of the reader
are "founded upon ancient legends of the
preach the same doctrine, and that it is not in the ribs, the play that is made with the
Christian Church, contained in the writings
St. Paul's doctrine, for Acts xiii. 39 and Gal. ii. 16 mechanical part of writing, abrupt beginning
of the Fathers, or in apocryphal acts and
are plainly opposite to each other. The fact and termination of chapters and the like all gospels," and they are meant to furnish
also remains that while St. Paul represents this bespeaks the presiding influence of the Rev.
examples of " the strenuous earnestness and
himself as independent of and apart from the Laurence Sterne. To point out this overt resem- zeal of the early Church." The author's idea
Jerusalem Apostles, Acts makes him their blance, however, is almost tantamount to imply- of new-modelling these legendary fragments
dependent and subordinate. St. Paul, in Romans ing a deep dissimilarity of efl'ect upon the into tales suited to modern taste has much to
i. 14, recognizes no duty on his part to preach reader for it is one thing to write like Sterne
;
recommend it, and his purpose is undoubtedly
to the Jews, a fact our author overlooks in the age of Sterne, and another thing to praise^vorthy. Unfortunately, something more
even when quoting this verse (p. 171) but in ; write like Sterne with the limitations of the than good intentions, or even good material,
Acts he always goes to them first. While we present day. The result is a daring, even a is required to produce anything like good
recognize in these Hulsean Lectures much that is defiant, book a result which, in this decorous literature, and with the best will in the world
good and useful in detail, and look forward with age, the employment of certain forcible ex- to read these stories sympathetically, we are
pleasure to the commentary on Acts which the pressions permitted to our forefathers does not irritated and repelled by their artistic defects.
author is preparing, we cannot think that he has tend to mitigate. Besides, there is evidently a Fiction of this type has recently enjoyed con-
made out his case on the main question Pauline. more militant tone in Mr. O'Sullivan's railing siderable favour, and there are many who
thought was a peculiar growth, called forth by against the foibles of humanity than is to be think that its influence is good if that be so,
;
the exigencies of the Gentile mission, and ceasing found in the author of Tristram Shandy.' What
*
'Petronilla may deserve well of its readers,
'
afterwards to be held in its sharpness. It is are foibles to the humourist assume the rank of but as a work of art its claims to admiration
natural that a writer about the end of the first vices to the moralist, and it is the moral pur- are certainly slender.
century should not insist on it. But that one who pose which is uppermost in these pages. Not
Norse Stories. By Hamilton Wright Mabie.
had been St. Paul's intimate companion on his that the book is deficient in humour, either; but
Edited by Katharine Lee Bates. (Chicago,
journeys and had been with him at the time when
the great Epistles were coming into existence
inasmuch as the author regards life with a some-
what serious eye, his humour has seldom the
Rand, McNally & Co.)
The Scandinavian
el.iiuld show no more interest in the doctrine
mythology, though it lacks the artistic grace
kindly twinkle of Sterne. Nor has it the bitter
of the Cross than Acts does, nor any deeper
and refinement of the Greek, has qualities
irony of Swift. It rather resembles the harsh
understanding of the controversies that doctrine which must always make it appeal most forcibly
mockery of a Juvenal, and, as with Juvenal, it It is splendidly direct,
to the natural man.
aroused, is a thing which Dr. Chase cannot be often gives place to mere denunciation and in-
strong in interest and imagination, and uni-
held to have shown to be likely. vective. We proceed to notice two bad faults. formly brave and wholesome. The right -
All Introduction to the TJiessah^iian Epistles, The first is that the author, who has a large therefore, can hardly fail to
minded child,
containing a Vindication of the Paxdine Atithor- command of language, does not back it up with it, and it is principally to him that
appreciate
ship of both Epistles, and an Interpretation of an equal amount of new and striking reflection,
this littlevolume of Norse stories, taken from
the Eschatological Section of :2 Thess. ii., by E. H. so that the eflect is often one of fierce volubility
the Elder and the Younger Edda, is addressed.
Askwith, B.D. (Macmillan), supplies an account and nothing else. The second fault is in the
Mr. Mabie writes with vigour and sympathy,
of the founding of the Church at Thessalonica, manner, which is at times decidedly antiquated
and his versions of these old tales are suc-
in which the apparent discrepancies between and unreal. " For a legitimate prince, till he
cessful, and commendably free from the im-
Acts and the Epistles are fairly considered has reigned a number of years, it must depend
pertinent additions and interpolations which so
with a discussion of the question of genuineness, on his predecessor whether his subjects are
often disfigure work of this kind. The book, as
the objections of Schrader and Baur, which are favourable, or hostile, or indifferent since it is
we have said, is written mainly for young
;
now of the nature of antiquities, being carefully a truth much neglected that princes inherit a
readers, but the editorial portion of it is meant
gone over. In matters of history and of exegesis kingdom the temper of which has been created it includes certain
for those of maturer years ;
Mr. Askwith is a competent student in New by the preceding monarch." This solemn sort
more or less elementary notes and explanations,
;
Testament thought and doctrine, however, his of commonplace (if it is meant to be taken
a somewhat entertaining address to teachers on
step is less firm. On p. 124 we read that it is seriously) belongs to the seventeenth rather
unnecessary to suppose that St. Paul's gospel the right way of reading these stories in the
than to the twentieth century. Indeed, it is not
class-room, and a pronouncing and defining
diflered from that of the other Apostles, a state- until the third section of his work, entitled ' Of
index of the proper names. We may warn
ment which is certainly at variance with many Friends,' that the author seems to write con- that several of the etymo-
readers of the last
of his own expressions. We also read that there sistently as his own nature directs until then
;
they will find in it are erroneous and
logies
is no evidence that St. Paul expected the scene he is always more or less imaginatively putting
of the consummation of the kingdom to be on
require revision. We cannot think that Mr.
on some other character than his own, and
Wright's illustrations add to the value of the
earth, on which see Rom. viii. 21. We read of writing accordingly. The result is a departure
elders having been ordained by the Apostles book.
from the normal mode of expression, which
wherever they went this is according to the
; strikes us as afl'ected instead of individual. At A King and Campaigners, by Verner von
his
representations in Acts, but in the Pauline the same time we recognize considerable merit Heidenstam, which forms part of "The Green-
Epistles no act of the kind is mentioned. The in the stories, which these out-of-date digressions back Library " (Duckworth & Co.), has been
absence of the distinctive Pauline doctrines in constantly interrupt. The characters are all translated from the Swedish by Axel Tegnier,
these Epistles is not explained, which is an firmly drawn, though somewhat overcharged. and despite a few grammatical slips in the
omission. Mr. Askwith gives a new interpreta- Mr. O'Sullivan will take it in good part if we English, well translated. But, judging by
tion of the prophetic passage in chap. ii. of the advise him to moderate his rather forced this single specimen a rash
method- one would
second Epistle, which be found very inter-
will abnormality, which, after all, is but a poor kind not be "inclined to prophesy any considerable
esting and plausible. His view that St. Paul is of literary antics, and to be himself instead of measure of popularity in England for this "great
here giving not a new prophecy, but an exposi- the shadow of somebody else. His undeniable Little Master's" work. The stories in this
volume
Governor-General, whose decree she bad broken. defence of Berwick - on - Tweed. In this
ever, make the suggestion that the public
The stick shook in his hand, and fell on the (lagging volume are given full details of the levy, from
his lips moved apart. Dip the colours,' said he.'
'
which it appears that there were six companies money now spent unprofitably on the un-
necessary translation page by page of these
And so the siege was ended. of twenty men and a "vintainer" each,
Year - Books should be saved by simply
'
'
armed with "aketons," " bacinets," and
Mr. Samuel Minturn Peck in his Alabama " colerettes " of iron. The men received four- discontinuing the bad old tradition of pro-
Metches (Chicago, McClurg) does not seem to viding a gratis "crib" for poor scholars in
pence a day and the vintainers sixpence, and
have the peculiar gift of being able to give old French, the saving thus made being
three carts were provided to carry their arms.
general interest to details of life that may be appropriated to carrying out Mr. Pike's
Though the City itself was free from strife, it
interesting to those who are acquainted with it. wishes ?
was constantly kept in an anxious state by the
;Negro humour, local politics, religious denomi-
struggle between the barons on the one hand, Calendar of State Papers, Foreign, 1577-8,
national squabbles, and such like matters are
no doubt easy to write abjut, but it is difficult
and the king and his favourite on the other. By A. J.Butler. (Eyre& Spottiswoode.) This
At the king's request the mayor is found volume of the Calendar ought to be of con-
to make them interesting. Even in America it making stringent ordinances for keeping the siderable service to those who desire to know
seems they have begun to pall, and they have City on the king's behalf early in 1312 the ; intimately the diplomatic methods of Queen
hardly ever proved attractive to English readers.
gates were chained, the walls strengthened, Elizabeth. It is needless to praise the care
the ditch deepened, and the wharves guarded. and accuracy of Mr. Butler or the interesting
But the barons actually met in London the lireface which gives the main gist of the
STATE PAPERS AND CALEND.VKS.
following month, and though Edward visited the documents. They are chiefly concerned with
Calendar of Letter-Books of the Citij of City in July the citizens seem to have averted the Low Countries and Elizabeth's relations
London: Letter-Book D. (Privatelyprinted.) the roj'al displeasure. This volume, like its with the Prince of Orange and Don John of
Dr. Sharpe, the Eeeords Clerk of the City, predecessors, is elaborately indexed, and the Austria. As may be supposed, they exhibit
who is editing these volumes for the Corpora- series, when complete, will be a welcome con- the queen in the light of a subtle oppor-
tion, explains in his opening remarks that tribution to the history of London, and, tunist, anxious to be on good terms with
Letter-Book D is mainly concerned with indeed, of English municipal institutions. Philip while at the same time keeping
the years i:J09-14, although it contains The Calendar of the Patent Rolls, open the festering sore which eventually
some entries of later date. In his detailed Edward III., 1343-5 (Eyre & Spottiswoode), rotted the Spanish power. For in spite
introduction he draws attention to the makes the fifth volume of the Edward III. of all her protestations it is clear that a
chief subjects of interest in its pages, the Calendar. We owe all five to the industry good deal was said with a view to assuring the
foremost place being occupied by the record and energy of Mr. R. F. Isaacson, whose first States-General of the untrustworthiness of
of admissions to the freedom by "redemp- volume appeared in 1893 and fourth in 1900. Don John and his brother, and the hopeless-
tion," and of the binding and discharge of Thus we may look forward to another of these ness of coming to any permanent arrangement
apprentices. The ways in which the freedom huge and useful tomes every two years until with the king. At the beginning of the
was obtained and the substantial privileges the reign is completed. There is no need to period there was some apparent danger that,
it conferred are discussed by Dr. Sharpe
at characterize this fresh instalment at length. trusting to the Pacification of Glieut and to
some length, and deserve careful study. The The index steadily improves in quality as the the aristocratic jealousy of the prince, the
discovery in the freedom of a possible "link experience and knowledge of the compiler Catholics of Flanders would desert the cause of
with ancient Rome" is, we think, to be grow. If it were anj' use to make suggestions liberty, and that the breach which was after-
deprecated, in view of the now exploded we should like to ask for a special dated list wards effected between the two main divisions
derivation of "many of the characteristics of the ispc.vimi(s charters and exemplifications of the Netherlands would come about, to the
of London municipal organization" from ruin of the jirince and of "the religion."
of older documents that are scattered about
Roman sources and St. Paul's allusion to his
;
the volume. An interesting example of the It is impossible here to follow in detail the
free birth, "with a sly suggestion, perhaps, tortuous course of the diplomacy the sum-
strange way in which these crop up is to be :
that he at least was no punenu," is somewhat moning of the Archduke Matthias, the in-
seen in the very im|)ortant list of those who
out of place. In other re-spects Dr. Sharpo's did fealty to Edward of Carnarvon as Prince trigues with Alen(;on-Anjou, the arrest of the
remarks on the freedom are instructive. The of Wales in 1301, inserted in the roll of 1311 Duke of Aerschot, and the dispatch of Duke
privilege, we learn, under Edward JI. was Casimir with the help of Fnglish money to
by way of exemplification of a certificate by
bought by a payment of from five to one the treasurer and barons of the Exchequer, no the aid of the oppressed Dutcli. It is
hundred shillings, unless obtained by influ- doubt as a guide as to what was to befall the clear, however, that the queen saw further
ence. A point to which attention might have than her ministers, for there was no real
Black Prince, who was now in the same posi-
been drawn is that the apprentices who are tion in which his grandfather had ])een more danger of any serious alliance between France
named in this volume seem to have come from than forty years earlier. It is hard tluit the and Spain so long as Catiierine dci Medici
the counties nearest to London, especially historian of the earlier i-eign should have no could hold her own against the Guises. In
north of the Thames, and most of all from other means than the general index of dis- this connexion it is amusing to note the claim
Essex. The i<laccs from which they came covering a document so useful for iiis purpose made on behalf of the quecn-motluT that she
are here occasionally identified, but "Golden- in so unsuspected a place. The dillicnlty is always dealt " jilainiy and roundly with her
could serve him, unless i-'he liked hiui in smnma "he beganne to defend his speeches, pretendinge
are clearly set forth, the grounds upon which
;
that she would be present at the pulling off his that by the lawes of the realrae no subject ought to they are based receive A-ery insufficient dis-
boots to spy who in that office served him." be commaunded to goe out of the realme in her cussion. These are the faults of his condi-
Majesty's service, and therefore he seemed to con- tions, for which we cannot hold the author
The letters of Sturmius are among the most clude for his defence that he might lawfullie advise
valuable in the volume, of which a good deal responsible. On the contrary, we may say at
the people not to goe in service out of the realme,"
of the other contents have been previously once that, in sijite of his conditions. Prof.
published. The account of Beale's mis- and, indeed, even spoke of two " great law- Ritchie has produced a good book^ a sur-
sion to prevent a Lutheran assembly meeting yers " as having given him their opinions that prisingly good book. He has shown himself
to condemn other Eeformed communions is English sovereigns " could not compell their to be an expert Hellenist and an expert
worth noting : subjectes to serve in the warres out of the philosopher; and, what is more, a judicious
''Another yet more grievous and far-reaching realme." The Council, quick to scent a student of Plato and his commentators. We
evil will arise, namely, that as we say in the conspiracy, sent the knight to the Tower and haA'e seldom seen a better short account
Creed
that the Church of Christ is universal, so it
will ordered his papers to be searched, and the two of the genesis of Plato's theory than
universally touch all the Churches which great lawyers to be discovered and brought that here given, or a clearer and more
dissent
froDQ this new formula; that is, the
Churches of before them. But the State Papers have fuller suggestive exposition of its significance and
England Ireland, France, Scotland, Poland, Switzer-
land, will be condemned unheard. This information on the whole incident. Ireland development. It is agreeable to find that
is to dis-
solve the unity of the Church and to proved, as ever, a cause of anxiety to the Prof. Ritchie assents to the ordering of the
put a
StumbliDg-block in its way."' Council, the queen expressing through them dialogues as laid down, with substantial
her vexation " to see that lande so chargeable unanimity, by the best English Platonists of
Actsof the Privy Council. Vol. XXV. (Eyre
beyond all former tymes and the state thereof to-day, and that he rejects accordingly the
& Spottiswoode.)
The period covered by so dangerous," though reinforcements were hypothesis of a Megarian period prior to
this volume is October, 1595 June,
1596, the grudgingly dispatched. The titles to great the 'Republic,' of which Zeller was so strong
register of the Acts from August,
1593, to estates also were still frequently in dispute. an advocate. In the chapter on 'Plato and
October, 1595, being now missing. The
editor, Scotland is, in this volume, represented chiefly his Contemporaries ' we find some useful
however, has printed in an appendix of a few
by the English ambassador's demand for remarks on the Sophists and Antisthenes but ;
pages, from Additional MS. 11,402
British Museum, a brief abstract
in the redress "of an outragious fact doone by Sir we should have wished to see more attention
which appears to liave been compiled
thereof, Walter Scott of Brenkesholme and his com- paid to Democritus. On the other hand,
by an plices at the Castle of Carlisle." It appears Prof. Ritchie has rightly emphasized the
officer of the Privy Council and
used by Bishop that Sir Walter had forcibly released Willie influence of the Pythagorean school, which it
Burnet. Military and naval affairs
continue Armstrong of Kinmont out of the castle, the seems to have been rather the fashion of late
in the volume before us to assert
their growing knight calmly assuring his sovereign that he to ignore unduly. Plato himself and Aristotle
importance. Special attention was now
bein- had "onlie" invaded the queen's realm for the should suffice to prove that the disciples of
paid to the trained bands, whose
change o1 purpose "with 80 horsemen and under sylence Pythagoras were an intellectual power. Irs
armament is seen in an entry which shows that
of night, without anie othere deede of hos- the chapters on Plato's ethics and politics,
Buckinghamshire alone retained bowmen
tilitie." The famous Grahames were suspected and on his psychology, there is much that is
among its trained forces, and had already
of complicity in the outrage, and the queen good in the way of general characterization,
begun to substitute muskets and " callivers "
thought it needful to have them punished in spite of the irksome limitations of space ;
(or bows, and pikes for bills.
A general in- "and the pride and insolencie of that QYQX feut the kernel of the book is undoubtedly to
; ; :
dialectical exposition of an amended theory. which has been proposed ingeniously by very unsatisfactory. The arrangement of the
The "later Platonism " thus indicated in the Richards. Of the new corrections originated book is good, particularly the clear separation
' Parmenides ' is then furtlicr elaborated in by the editor himself, the most striking is of legendary matter. Those who wish to read
the succeeding dialogues, Sophist/ 'Philebus,'
' that in 533 E, Sj/Aoi ttw? Tyv e^iv aacjitjve^L more of As'oka (and we hope they will be
and Timneus,' which all teach substantially
'
kkyeiv ki' ("P^'etret
i/t'X// Nat). 'ApKfirei ovv,
; many) may continue their studies in a new and
"
the same doctrine. But the " later Platonism K.T.A., which clever and not imlikoly to be
is attractively issued German work by Dr. E.
which Prof. Ritchie discovers in these dia- correct. Minor novelties are introduced into Hardy, of Wiirzburg, called Konig As'oka,
'
logues differs in certain important particulars the text in 437 B {dp' av ovv), 444 B (tio Indiens Kultur in der Bliitezeit des Bud-
from that associated with the names of Dr. 5' ov SovXeveiv), 530 B {kv to irapoi'Ti n), dhismus.'
Jackson and Mr. Archer Hind it is not a theory
; and a few other places while several;
chapters of his little book forces us to protest nation soon suggested an appendix to that
OUR LIBRARY TABLE. work dealing with the evidence of these in-
once more that when a competent scholar is
dealing with a subject of deep interest and Messrs. Methuex &
Co. publish Lord teresting accounts. Finally it was resolved to
importance it is nothing short of a positive Strathcona, the Story of his Life, by Mr. publish these or extracts thereof, in a separate
misfortune that he should become enslaved to Beckles Willson, an able and well-known writer volume. This volume has now "grown into
the tyranny of a machine-made " series," and who has already dealt with similar subjects. three," a fact, we may at once remark, for
have his paper measured out to him by the The book is to be commended, and the life of which antiquaries have every reason to be
inch and his ink by the scruple. It is owing Lord Strathcona is one which it was natural to thankful. At the same time, the circumstance
to this tyranny that Prof. Ritchie's book cuts write, but it will perhaps possess more interest that, but for Canon Fowler's initiative and
but a poor figure as a book on Plato for Canadians than general attraction for the the generosity of the Dean and Chapter of
yet, none the less, we have no hesitation in ordinary reader. There is no more sympathetic Durham, these important local records might
saying that it contains the truest and most figure in the Empire than that of " Sir Donald have remained unavailable to students for an
lucid exposition, in a popular way, of the Smith," as the distinguished Canadian peer still indefinite period must not obscure the fact
central features of Plato's metaphysics which prefers to call himself ; and while the term that the present edition cannot be regarded
has yet been published in this country. "modesty" is generally out of place when as definitive. The extracts printed here
Platonis Res Publica. Recognovit J. Burnet. applied to leading "Empire-Builders," as it is differ widely in this respect from the select
(Oxford, Clarendon Press.) This is a handy by Mr. Beckles Willson to Lord Strathcona, in texts published by the Selden and some other
edition of the complete text of the Republic,'
'
this particular case it is not undeserved. societies. They are, indeed, for the most
furnished with a short preface and concise part abstracts, skilfully prepared with the
Mr. Sydney Galvayne, who has served in
object of setting out the material entries con-
critical foot-notes. In his preface the editor South Africa as an honorary lieutenant in the
maintains, with apparent reason, that the MS. tained in successive accounts, but insuflicient
Remount Department, is responsible for a little for purely statistical purposes. Moreover,
known as ^'ind. F should be regarded as volume, War Horses Freseat and Future, pub-
having the value of an independent source. the Latin text is not uniformly extended, and,
lished by Messrs. Everett & Co. We are able in places, would probably be found unintel-
The revision of the text dis.jjlays care and highly to commend it as worthy of the considera-
judgment and excellent use, on the whole, ligible to readers unversed in the elements of
;
tion of all those who are interested in the
palaiOgraphy. Even those who are more
has been made of the material available. remount question. The author will not be
Many of the most plausible conjectures, new expert might well bepuzzled by such an entry
more popular with the Remount Department as the following, which is typical of a formula
as well as old, receive mention in the notes
than is Mr. Burdett-Coutts with the Army covering nearly fifty pages of the text. The
when not adopted in the text, and among the Medical Department, but there is, we are con-
names which figui'e most prominentlj' are those figures are references to editorial foot-notes
vinced, equal ground for the strictures in each
of Hartman, Richards, and Adam. Among the "D' Joh'eTeddi j (o)^ bz (p^- bras g' (bo)-j
case, and in the present instance it cannot be no 061 po ii^ q" uln bo Iz si mag."
(no)- q'T (iio)-
conjectural emendations which are given a
pretended that there is any attack on persons.
place in the text are Richards's aTroc/jai'roi'res It is true that many of the early rolls are
(430 E), Bywater's SaKTvXioi' !')VTa (359 E), The inclusion in the already popular series of badly mutilated, and others may have ap-
Van Leeuwen's k\ov(TL (408 A), and Adam's "Rulers of India" (Oxford, Clarendon Press) peared to the editor as comparatively un-
</>,/rrt (501 D), 8t' o 7/ (502 B), and 8c t(5 (580 D). of an account of As'oka, tlie Buddhist Emperor of important. It may also be conceded that the
In.553B/i}Aa;rTo/>ii'oi'is rejected with Cobet. No India, was an excellent thought. There are pos- question of extending a contracted document
mention, however, is madeof several interesting sibly but few Oriental scholars (in the strict sense is still decided by the individual
taste of
suggestions by well-known scholars, sucii as of the term) who have leisure or ability to write English editors. At least no reader of the
Badham's k\a.vvo\>.k\'n (577 E), Tucker's d otl in a thoroughly popular style on a subject like work before us will be likely to attribute the
xal (337 E), Madvig's dioiaTepov? for aTrAov- this, and, failing the services of one of these, method employed in the present instance to
<r-(povs (547 E)
where, however, the true read- it would be hard to find a man better qualified, the indifference or inexperience of tiie editor.
ing probably is u.jj.ov<TOTkpov<;. Wo also miss by a long and fruitful course of archieological Canon Fowler has proved himself once more
a note to ras aTrAds (131 C) and kv avrois research in India, for the work before us than equal to the elucidation of the most difficult
(507 D) ; and the report of Adam's restora- Mr. Vincent Arthur Smith. The edicts of passages in the text, and his media'val glossary
is a model of sound and conscientious
scholar-
tion at 511 C, as given in the foot-note, As'oka, the Constantine of Buddhism, graven
appears to be incomplete. Among the places on rocks and pillars through the length and ship. On the other hand, tiie system of pre-
where Prof. Burnet seems to suffer from breadth of India, are surpassed in interest, senting a contracted text, represented by such
an excess of caution we may notice 411 E whether human or religious, by no similar typographical devices as are feasible, for
iind 585 C. In the latter passage the vulgate series of documents in the world, ancient or the information of tlie unlearned reader has
r>/ ovv ail o/xoiov, c.T.A.,can hardly be tortured modern. From them we learn what Indian involved the preparation of an exhaustive
into anything like sense, and it is unfair to internal administration was like three centuries index and glossary, without which the text
would be of little value.
practical
the author to credit him with nonsense. In before our era (here Mr. Smith's experience itself
Here the material words wliich frequently
the former passage it is hard to believe tliat as an administrator helps him to realize and
figure in the text in an abbreviated
and
Plato wrote u'xrmp dqpiov izjio'i Travra oiaTTfiaT- effectively to fill in the i)icture outlined by the
unintclligililo form will be found
Teraias it stands, and 7rpo9(7rav'rrxs)n-ai'Ta might documents) we catch glimpses of the relations
;
oFten
\je suggested in addition to the alternatives of India towards Cireek and other frontier states ;
correctly extended and exi)ouiule(l with con-
The result, therefore, is
mentioned in tlienote. We are also disappointed and, above all, we realize the vigorous mis- summate learning.
at finding no fresh solution offered of (lie sionary spirit, more gentle and reasonable than eminently satisfactory, but in the hands of a
less accomplished editor it might
have been
textual puzzles in 387 C and 581 E. The '
that of islam, UK^re judicious and effec ivoly
far otliorwiso,and the precedent can scarcely us, and not sutticiently with the tropical colonies embrace the Roman or High Church view of
be regarded as a prudent one. Even Canon which are now in the minds of all the rest of marriage if it were presented to him. It is,
Fowler hiinseU' has occasionally failed to pre- mankind, and especially of the Americans them- indeed, a curious revelation of the slight extent
sent the correct reading of the MHS. owing to selves ;but the latter are by no means excluded of the knowledge of the outer world possessed
the failure of a typographical imitation of the from the volume. The writer is sensible, by highly educated Hindoos that our author
original. Thus, the marginal note (p. 89), and apjjears to see the difficulties in the should evidently be unaware of what is the
" Mem. do una olla data per patrem j Itycu'," way of modern short cuts to national unity. general Christian view of marriage. The style
is obviously meaningless, and is queried He, however, hardly realizes the difference of in which the book is written is not open to the
accordingly by the editor. But a compulsory opinion between the Dominion and the Common- ridicule which is often expended upon theEnglish
extension would doubtless have resulted in wealth, and the fact that every proposal for productions of Hindoo pens. Our author's style,
the figure i of the MS. being copied as the change must be tested at the weakest point and indeed, occasionally is excellent, as, for example,
letter .1. Possibly the pious donor may be thecjuestion asked how the Australian Common- in the passage, "One is called meddlesome' by
'
identified with the father of John Kyton, a wealth will receive it. He tells us that the a muddle-headed muckworm." On the other
former bursar of the abbey, unless, indeed, admission of the Agents-General into Parlia- hand, there are a few Hindoo-English catch
the reading should bo"fratrem." The intro- ment is not open to such serious objections as phrases which annoy us and in one sentence
:
duction to the subject-matter of these three are proposals for an Imperial legislature. His we imagine that the gentler sex is alluded to as
volumes has been placed at the end of the words suggest that the admission of the Agents- "softer specimens." The book is not entirely
whole work, and deserves the careful study of General to Parliament is possible but then we
; suited for general reading, as the warmth of the
all who would make themselves acquainted know, on the declaration of both parties in love passages exceeds that of the Song of Solo-
with the economy of a tyi^ical religious house Australia, that it is not possible. Prof. Reinsch mon, and there are some bits which suggest
in the north of England. A noticeable and describes the aid offered by the self-governing wilful naughtiness. Asa "document " on India
valuable adjunct is found in the shape of a colonies in the South African war as a result of it is, we think, to be highly praised.
'
List of Subjects tabulated under appropriate
'
the movement for Imperial Federation. But a All English Girl in, Paris (Lane) is by an
headings. Further reference to these inter- professor in a university of the United States anonymous writer who has a considerable power
esting accounts is promised in the learned ought to keep in mind the enormous extent to of amusing readers. The author's art lies in
editor's forthcoming edition of the Durham '
which colonial assistance was volunteered in French idioms into funny
literal translation of
Rites in the same series.
'
English wars of the seventeenth and eighteenth English with a certain notion of humour, which
Messrs. Bell's admirable edition of The centuries. may be found entertaining by many.
Prose Worlds of Jonathan Swift has reached The English Publishing House at Mylapore, We have a little volume on Western Aristralia
vol. ix., though vols. vi. and vii., comprising Madras, issues Kamala'n Letters taker Hunband,
which we are unable to praise. It is from the
the Irish Tracts, are not yet issued. The ninth a little volume which throws a good deal of
pen of Mr. J. G. Davies, and is published by
volume contains the contributions to the Tatlcr, light on the married society of the Hindoo
Mr. Evans, of Nantymoel. We should not have
Examine)-, Spectator, and Intelligencer. Com- middle-class world. The writer is evidently one
thought that there was room for such a book, as
pared with other works of Swift these pajjers of those who are attached to the Presidency
the publications of the colonial Government and
cannot be said to hold the highest rank yet ;
High Courts, and the society with which he is other easily available works seem to cover the
they are of great importance politically, and acquainted is that of the Hindoo employes of
ground.
supplement in a most valuable manner the Government, who are in touch neither with
more famous political tracts, sucli as those the aristocracy on the one side nor with the We have on our table Histonj of WicJcen,
on the * Conduct of the Allies or the Public
'
'
peasantry on the other, and who live in a little by M. Knowles (Stock), Bell's Miniature
Spirit of the Whigs.' Swift's Examiners, world of their own, to some extent affected by Series of Painters : Sir Joslnia Peijnolds, P.R.A.,
indeed, rendered incalculable service to the English literature and by English ideas, but not by Rowley Cleeve Frederic, Lord Leighton,
;
Harley ministry :they spoke to the whole as a rule venturing to break with native tra-
by George C. Williamson, Litt.D.; and Hans
kingdom, as Mr. Churton Collins has well said, Holhein, by A. B. Chamberlain (Bell), The
ditions. The object of the writer probably is
and not to the political oliques of the metro- to recommend, in an indirect and moderate
Lower Sonth in American History, by W. G.
polis, and in spite of their frequent sophistry fashion, what is known in India as "social
Brown (Macmillan Company), The Coronatioii
they are so plausible that they must have Regalia, by W. H. Staepoole, LL.D. (Mac-
reform " ; it is clear, from the letters of his
carried conviction. Mr. Temple Scott, in queen), The English Coronation Service: its
imaginary lady to her husband, that he does not
his preface, disputes Swift's title to be styled Histonj and Teaching, by F. C. Eeles (Mow-
approve of what he regards as the excesses of
" The Prince of Journalists," because in his the new school. He makes his heroine see bray), London: a Guide for the Visitor,
SiJortsman, and Naturalist, revised ancl
view the journalist does not form and lead much that is good in their ideas, but refuse to
public opinion, but merely expresses it. We enlarged by J. W. Cundall (Greening), T/ic
make herself a "shocking example" to her
are not at all sure that this definition holds Great Atmlcening, by E. Phillips Oppenheim.
neighbours. There is much in the volume
good even for modern journalism, and it cer- (Ward & Lock), T//e Mill of Silence, by
which will strengthen the views of those who
tainly was not Swift's idea of a journalist's Bernard Capes (Long), At the Change of the
think that infant marriages should gradually be
dutj'. Biit whether we call him journalist or Moon, by B. C. Blake (Greening), A Woman
prohibited bylaw, because, although it is pointed
political publicist, the fact remains that he of Wiles,by A. Munro (Ward & Lock),
out that even bigotry does not defend the abuses
guided public opinion in supportof the ministry, The White Witch of Magfair, by G. Griffith
and that is what some modern journalists still
of the system, yet it is clear that it may live,
(White),
Indiscretions, by C. Hamilton
aim at. The volume is carefully edited, like
with all its terrible consequences, for hundreds
(Treherne), A
Flging Post, by Treshara
its predecessors, though Mr. Scott has dele-
of years unless some gradual action by the State,
in support of the better customs which are
Quaines (Ward & Lock), Tlie Words of
gated most of the work to Mr. W. Spencer Jesns, by G. Dalman (Edinburgh, T. & T.
Jackson, who " collated the texts, revised the
approved by the majority of Hindoos, should
come to the aid of slowly improving ideals.
Clark),
Shidies in the GreeTc and Latin
proofs, and supplied most of the notes." The Versions of the BooTc of Amos, by the Rev.
The author clearly shows that he understands W. O. E. Oesterley (Cambridge, University-
notes on historical, bibliographical, and
literary subjects are ample and accurate, but
the beauty of the inherent principle of Hindoo
mai'riage, but he appears to be less well
Press),
Tlie Apostles' Creed, by A. C.
there might have been more explanations of McGiffert (Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark),
acquainted with the corresponding ideal of Chris- Addresses in Holy Weelc, by the Right Rev.
obscurities in the text e.g. on " tribes painted
,
us from the Macmillan Company, the author soluble, while a Christian marriage can be dis-
being Prof. Paul Reinsch. We have praised on solved a statement which cannot be accepted
:
LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
previous occasions many of the volumes of this as entirely true, the greater part of the Church
ENGLISH,
series. That before us has nothing that is dis- rejecting the dissolubility of Christian marriage
Theologi/.
tinctively American, and the examination of and many Christian states refusing to admit it. The Books of the Bible their Contents and
Campbell (A.). :
colonial problems is in fact conducted through- He goes on to say that he is puzzled to know Characteristics, 8vo, 3/6 , _
^ in *v
, t^
Every Day the
out its pages almost entirely from the British how a contract entered into before a priest after Power (M.). Anglo-Jewish Calendar for
Gospels, cr. 8vo, 2/6
point of view. We might, indeed, suggest as a invocation to God can be revoked without refer-
Fine Art and Arehaologv.
weak point that the book deals too largely with ence to God and without the intervention of a
Hurrell (J. W.), Measured Drawings of Old Oak
English
the great white colonies, which are peculiar to priest, and it is clear that he would avidly Furniture, folio, 42/ net.
N3900, JuLY*26, 1902 THE ATHENE. UM 13.1
Longfellow ^w. P. P.), Applied Perspective for Architects, Here a health unto His Majesty
's the time of his withdrawal from active life,
4to, i;V6 net. From his luen in hunting pink,
Thomson (D. C), The Barbizon School of Painters, -Ito, 42' influenced, probably, by his misfortuiits as well
Who proudly- chant his sportsmanship as by the miracles at Lourdes, he joined the^
Poetry and Drama.
As glass to glass they chink ; Roman Communion, for which he had long hatl
Carman (Bliss). Ode on the Coronation of King Edward VII., " He rode no easy featherweight,
or. Svo, 5/ net.
Yet never looked for gap or gate,
a hankering. He amu.sed his leisure by trans-
Sargaunt (\V. D.), Poems, 12mo, 3/ net.
lating Huysmans's novel ' En Route and by '
History and Biography. But ever like a king rode straight " !
Griitzmacher ^R. H.),Wort u. Geist, 5m. 50. Holy Orders, becoming curate of Great Tew. reign of George II., should naturally present
Fine Art and Archaology. In 1853 he went to Eton to look after the col- many points of interest touching matters-
Helbing (H.), Handzeichnungen alter Meister, Series 1, legers, and in 18G2 the college presented him ecclesiastical, social, and political. And
Part ],.55m. to the vicarage of Sturminster in Dorsetshire. although the author describes his news a*
Kurth (J.), Die Mosaiken der christlichen Aera Part 1, Die :
" writing the lye of one day," declaring his
Wandmrsaiken v. Ravenna, 20m. W^hile he was there his opinions gradually
Spiegelberg (W.), Demotische Papyrus aus den kiinigl. veered round to Positivism, and in 1874 he epi-stles to be "hardly worth reading and cer-
Museen zu Berlin, liXim.
threw up his living, came to London, and was tainly not worth keeping," it will appear from,
History and Biography.
Cordier (H.), Histoire des Relations de la Chine avec les engaged by the late Mr. H. S. King as "reader" the following cursory glance over a portion
Puissances Oceidentales, 1S60-1902, Vol. 3, Part 2, lOfr. to his firm. At this time he published his best only of a correspondence now for the first time
Schiemann (T ), Die Ermordung Pauls u. die Thronbe- work, his 'Life of Godwin,' for which Lady brought to light, that it forms a valuable
steigung Nikolaus I., lOm.
Troltsch (E.V.), Die Pfahlbauten des Bodenseegebietes, Sm. Shelley supplied the chief part of his materials. complement to the history of the time.
Geography and Travel. Shortly afterwards Mr. King grew weary of The author in question was the eldest sou
SuarC-s (A.), Le Li\Te de I'Emeraude En Bretagne, ; 3fr. .50. publishing, and handed over his business to of Thomas Pyle, an impetuous and somewhat
Philology. Mr. Paul, who thus unexpectedly found him- heterodox divine, who took a conspicuous part
Barth (J.), Wurzeluntersuchungen zum hebraischen u. self one of the chief publishers in London. He in the Bangorian controversy. Edmund Pyle
aramaisehen Lexicon, 4m.
Gerber (A.) et Greet (A.), Lexicon Tacifeum, Part put into the enterprise all the capital he could was admitted of Bcne't College, Cambridge, in
15,
3m. 60. command, and took Mr. Trench, a son of the 1720, and became a Fellow of Clare Hall nine
Mez (A), Muhammad ibn ahmad abulmutabbar alazdi,
archbishop, into partnership. He carried on years later. In 1732 he succeeded his father
12m.
Scierice. his business with much energy, issuing, besides at the church of St. Nicholas, Lynn, and wa*
Berillon (Dr.) et Farez (P.), Deuxifime CongrJs Inter- "The International Scientific Series" begun an active agent a few years later against the
national del'Hypnotisme: Comptes Rendus, lOfr.
by his predecessor, "The Parchment Library'" Quakers. Writing from St. James's on
Tartarin (A. C.i.Tuberculose et Sanatoriums, 3fr. .50.
(in which he edited an i.ssue of Shakspeare), April 1st, 1742, when he had been five years,
General Literature.
Gyp, Les Araoureux. 3fr. .50. 'The Egoist' of Mr. Meredith, Dr. Badger's chaplain to the king, he speaks of the "fiery
Pascal CF.), Le BaptC-raede Marie-Radf, 3fr. ,50. '
English-Arabic Lexicon,' the poems of Tenny- tryal of an Inquisition " which Walpolc is to
son, Stevenson's early work.s, Mr. Hake's Life ' undergo. The result is well known. Two day.s
of Gordon, and many other books of importance. later Pyle is
HERE'S A HEALTH UNTO HIS MAJESTY. '
He also launched the Nineteenth Century on the "just going up Stairs to see your old Friend tlie
Xr\V VKRSIO.V. Prick
I'.p. of Bangor kiss the King's hand for the .\ 15
world. To young authors he seemed at first a
{The Musical liights Reserved.) of York, whicli prize in the Lottery of the Church
special instrument of Providence raised up for has, as every thing else lias done, fallen into his Lap.
Hebe's a health unto Hi.s Majesty,
their benefit but, although a fire on his pre- He has against all rules of Gravity, and exi)erienci-,
With our hands all round and round I
;
Conversion to his enemies, mises enabled some of them to print a second risen by the Weight of his Character."
And may his friends abound I
edition, they gradually discovered that the pub- In 1713 the king allowed Dr. Pyle to take the
And he who will not fill liis glass lisher who talked so pleasantly about literature rich livings of Tydd St. Mary and Gcdney in
And bid the foaming bottle pass was no more able than his less accomplished Lincolnshire, on the resignation of his father.
Is just a rebel rogue or ass. brethren to secure them a wide sale and huge Many stories are told of that episcopal
Not to join our hii., hip, hurrali, hurrah, hurrah profits, and after a time he was less frequetitly oddity and excellent man Matliias Maw.son,
Not to join our hip, hip, hip, hurrah I seen at the Savilo Club. Unfortunately for successively Bishop of LlandalT, C'liichcstcr,.
Here a health unto His Jlajesty
's
himself, he was induced to become a director of and Kly, and for twenty years Master of Benc't.
Fromus farmers one and all I
the Hansard Printing and Publishing Company In the summer of 1713 lie travelled from
If you VI touch the top of farmery. and other cognate enterprises, through which Chichester to Yorkshire to lielp his friend
At Sandringham you 'II call, he lost much money and had to make more Arch])ishop Herring in clearing olT the twelve
And learn a lesson from your King than one ajjpearance in the Law Cf)urts. Tluse years' arrears of confirmation left by the neg-
In cote and byre and everything mishaps necessarily crijjpled his activity, and Iiis lect of Lancelot Blackbnrne. The two prelate*
That stock and flock to best doth bring. own firm was converted into a limited company, were niagnincentiy entertained, in the absence
With a hip, hip, hip, liurrah, hurrah, hurrah '.
of which he continued for some years to be of the Duke of Kingston, at his beautiful seat,
With a hip, hip, hip, hurrah !
manager, and then retired on a pension. About the French mistress being ordered "to abscona
;
staid 'till near 10 at night, and was overturned at 1 in relation to the favour of God. An unparalleled Servants,' written
the morning, not reaching hie i)lace of Lodging 'till excitement was caused, a bewildering mass of "at the Desire of a person unknown: who pre-
past 2. He was very angry with his Coachman, and pamphlets issued, and, by the action of the ferred his request to the Author on meeting him in
told him he was an Idle B'ellow, and had got a Cup the Street thanked him, afterwards, in the Street
in his crown, and he 'd turn him off at Cambridge
Crown, the power of Convocation was reduced ;
all over the Bottom of a Great Chair." English preferment was offered to one of the Pre-
"I have been an Inhabitant of this sweet place bendaries of Winchester if the said Prebendary
Such are but moderate extracts. They suffi- five weeks, and better, and know as much of the would resign his Stall to me. He consented and :
ciently signalize the coarseness of the age. manner of Life in such a family as this as I can we thought the thing as good as done But Lo the : 1
The writer himself uses strange expressions. know in as many years. And all I shall, or need, whoreson Lowth will not be an Irish Bishop at any
He will give his flock an old sermon "some say of it is, that, (having 8 hours in each day to rate ;and has got leave to exchange Limerick for a
myself, for exercise or study, and the privilege of
rusty divinity, and how do I not know but it Deanery in England, so he keeps what he has besides
going to London, for a Day or two, as oft as I please) and there 's an end of Pill Garlick for this Bout,"
may be good for them as a Chalybeat." He could I make mj'^ Lord's Life and my own commen-
Jan, 11th, 1755. " TheArch Bishop of York's eldest
puts "an old Alderman into Abrahams surate, I wou'd not leave this house for any prefer- daughter has been upon the Brink of Matrimony,
Bosom " prays for rain "might and main" ment in England. Such easiness, such plenty, and twice, to one Dr. Cotton of the Peak of Derbyshire
;
Dumpty of Divinity," &c. and if God gives me health, you cant think of a Estate and demands a great Fortune in Cash with
;
happier Man, The Danger I apprehend most is the Lady and will not reckon his Chance for pre-
In 1745 smallpox and ague raged in East from the Table, which is both plentiful and elegant.
:
Anglia, and fear of the rebels and of the ferment from his Grace at any price. So, Mrs.
But, I think, I shall by Use, not be in more peril Hutton has, a second time, thrown the thing off the
French distracted even those distant parts. from my Lord's ten dishes than I was formerly Hooks and I don't know whether an Acquaintance
The Duke of Kingston and other " Rake- from my own tvro, for I begin already to find that of yours is not likely to have his Ears boxed, for a
shanes " are at Buxton, and rejoicings " such a fine Dinner, every day, is not such a perpetual joke, that Cotton is pleased with, and has pro-
temptation as I tho't it would be." pagated, viz. That Mrs. Hutton (who was once a
as were never seen in London before" take
place for "the Illustrious Duke's victory." Hither frequently came the Primate in the chambermaid at the old Duke of Somerset's) has
forenoon for long private conversation with swept him with the Beezom of Destruction."
" My Lord of Canterbury (John Potter) is no more.
You know how much the deceased Prelate has been Hoadly in his study, while Pyle "bore him We know from the picture-board dummies of
at odds with the Court, for a good while and how
;
company" afterwards to walk in Kensington ladies depicted as housemaids, such as the
warmly he has fallen in with the Prince's distress- Gardens. examples at Ledes Castle, Winchester, &c.,
ing (and distressed) measures. The unforseen Dis-
"There is no Bp. of Durham appointed. It is that the household implement of earlier times
solution of the late Parliament (a Thought of Bp.
Sherlocks for which he has been rewarded with believed Bp. Trevor of St. David's will be the Man, took the ancient besom form. Matthew
the Deanery of York, for his nephew, aged 30
Tho' the K. is for the Bp, of Norwich, But his Hutton, successively Bishop of Bangor and
Majesty has not always the Best Interest at Court,"
years) defeated all their Hopes and the poor-
; Archbishop of York, was translated to Canter-
spirited old Man of Lambeth, was coming about As his Majesty himself said more than once. bury in 1757, and died in the same year. "He
again he had twice asked Audience of his Sovereign Trevor was appointed. Similarly, when Dr. left 50,0001. which he had saved out of the
and been twice refused admittance. At length Ellis was proposed to the king for St. David's,
be obtained it, but had better been without it for church in 12 years, and not one penny to
=the interview was closed with the King's telling
;
he declared " that there were persons enough any good use or public charity." The deli-
him He was a Man of a little dirty Heart. What- that he had heard of that might better have berate suicide of Lord Montford is commented
ever the Heart was this saying is thought to have been named than a stranger." Ellis was upon: " It is a pity but he had done this 25
broken it and the warmth of it is generally excused
: appointed. This was in 1752. In the same years ago for he has made all the young
and forgiven to the indignation that is justly due to year Dr. Johnson, second master at West-
aBehaviour,in a person of that Station and Character Nobility mad after Gaming." An account is
minster, was nominated to the see of Glou- also given of the apostate Lord Gage's queer
tending to weaken his Prince's hands in a Season so
critically Dangerous as the present is. London and cester :
deathbed penance.
Sarum will have the offer of the Primacy, but 'tis "He rises by the Interest of Mr. Stone, sub- In the letter of January 11th, 1755, after
taken for granted will decline the acceptance of it. governor to the P. of W., and brother to the infamous speaking generally of literary news, Pyle con-
I see not but it may come, as everything else has primate of Ireland who is contemned by all good
done, to my Lord of York's Door." tinues :
(& bad) men in that Country, and treated as such a
It did, and "the Red Herring" sat fellow deserves who rose from poverty bro't on by
;
" Now I am upon Men of Letters, I '11 tell you of
for a Debauchery, to the highest station of the Church, a thing done but not yet published i.e. Old Maw-
decade in the seat of Augustine. In 1748, faster than a mushroom does in a hot-bed at Batter- son has married a Couple of his own servants in Ely
Hoadly having ordained a "broken" brewer, sea." House Chapel and is actually liable to Transporta-
the chancellor refused a licence. This caused tion, I believe the Folks were married over again
a great stir, the Bishop of Norwich, Sir
We turn from this unpleasant character,
at St. Andrews Holbouru and the thing is hushed
who was buried in Henry VII.'s Chapel in up. I have heard it twice from a Member of the
Thomas Gooch, remarking: 1765, to Mr. Warburton, who "has a volume House of Commons that you know very well. If
" By this time all scoundrels knew that there was of sermons in the press," and to Mens. Vol- the Story gets wind, I intend to tell it that he read
a Door open for them at Winchester. Bugden was taire, who "has published 2 vols, called the Burial Office over the Couple, and so the Law
the Door a while ago. Now Winchester has taken can't touch Him. This Right Rev^ Blunderer was
up the Scandalous Trade." the Age of Louis XIV. that are very enter- at the Meetings of Convocation, and tho' he is
taining, being written in the same spirit and peculiarly the Cambridge Bishop, had in the par-
The following gives an idea of the whited
(for what I know) with the same approaches ticular Habit of Ceremony used by Bishops on those
and beraddled appearance of the ladies of the
to the Romance as the Life of Charles XII. occasions, every Mark of his being an Oxford
time :
of Sweden " : Graduate I have seen here lately a daughter of
" I had like to have lost my Heart at Dr. Grey's of Northamptonshire, with Mrs. Hoadly's
York. It is " I shallmatch you for sauntering and not reading
a terrible thing to have such a place in that Church which God forgive me I do very little of
last,
:
sister. Miss Grey astonishes the World of Painters
as I have Nothing but Ladies by dozens (and very
1
first bound to an Attorney in order to make become very expensive, and learning both in
the school and at New College had sunk to in the Fifties,' may I be permitted to quote
the bestof his Learning when he has got any."
the lowest ebb of scholarship. the evidence of Lord George Paget (who was
Authors of the present day may perhaps lay
In September, 1758, the delight of the old second in command of the Light Brigade at
this to heart.
king over the twenty-one brass cannons cap- Balaclava) with regard to the pace at which we
On the advancement in 1750 of "the Old advanced against the Russian battery in position
Catiff Old British Horace" Walpole to the tured from the French is spoken of. They
were exposed in Hyde Park, and the king was at the bottom of the North Valley .'
Dock, Hockley- Hole, ..tc. There is come out I am them and the boys sitting across them. Each we rode at a fast trot nearly two miles without
told a very roguish Print of which there are very of these pieces of ordnance bore the royal arms support, flanked by a murderous fire from the
few Copies, and the Plate destroy 'd. It represents of France, the name of some puissant woman hills on each side."
H. W. contriving with an Old Tailor to make parlia- Lord Tredegar, who is still living, and was
of history, and " the unprincipled motto Ratio
ment Piobes out of a decay'd Red Cloak and his then known as Capt. Morgan, 17th Lancers,
;
wife skinning a Cat by way of Fur for the Borders. ultima regitm." Presently we are told : "My
The Tailor shakes his head, to signify that there is
old Master the King is not well very far from some three or four years back in an account of
not enough of the Cloak for the purpose and the
;
to help out. The title of the Print is Lord Subsidies with an extract from an unpublished letter
year a shocking story is related of a bishop of
Robes."'
an Irish see, who shall be nameless here, who written by Lieut, -General Seager, C.B. (who
Is the scarcity of this production now recog-
had certainly under grievous provocation rode into the Valley of Death as adjutant of the
nized, or its clumsy point understood? " been so indiscrete as to treat his wife once 8th Hussars), and who unconsciously bears incon-
Afamous old London house comes in for
and again with stripes, and both are now testable witness to the fact that Lord Cardigan
notice through his Grace of Canterbury pay- was quite alive to the importance of keeping
suing for a Divorce." This gives rise to much
ing evening visits to Ely House, Holborn, and his brigade " well in hand." He says
discourse amongst the bishops, and occasions :
catching cold "in passing thro' that raw old "Weadvanced at a trot; and soon came within
the prelate of Ely to deliver a characteristic
Hall." In consequence the cross fire from both hills of cannon and rifles.
opinion " in but not to the House of Lords."
" my Lord of Ely has caused a Gieat Fire to be kept The fire was tremendous shells bursting among
The continuous revelations concerning the ;
daily in the 'fore-said hall. This Fire makes a third us, cannon-balls tearing the ground up, and Minie
sordid manoeuvrings of Churchmen and poli- balls coming like hail. Still on we went, never
singularity (if j-ou can pardon such an E.xpression)
in that P>ishop's QCconomy : no Bp. of Elv, before ticians regardingprefermentare really astound- altering our pace, or breaking up in the least, except
His Lordship, having had' a Fire in the Hall, or a ing. Pyle, from his pleasant retreat at Win- that our men and horses were gradually knocked,
French Valet de Chambre, or Metal Buttons in the chester, comjilacently remarks " These are
: over. Our men behaved well," &c.
Front of his Breeches." the Hinges upon which the affairs of this The letter is dated October 26th, 1854.
In 1756 the long-looked-for promotion to world turn. God be praised I have nothing
!
My own recollection is perfectly clear, and I
a prebend at Winchester took place. This to do with 'em." am in most respectful accord with these gallant
gave Pyle an excellent house hard by the His connexion with Winchester results in a ofiicers, whose good faith is unquestionable.
enclosure of Charles II. 's unfinished palace. great deal of information of much interest "The Light Brigade advance Walk, March,
will
He spent large sums upon his garden, and laid relative to clerical and social matters in the Trot"; the Light Brigade never increasing their
himself out to enjoy life more than ever. He city. The dean and chapter are freely dis- pace after the verbal order to trot had been given.
will still endeavour to get further preferment cussed, the conditions of preferment set down, W. H. Pennington,
for his long services at Court, but declares and the life of a prebendary described. A
that any scheme of higher promotion after full account is given of the 8,000 Hessians
" the approved way of Church-men's rising viz. by encamped here and their striking religious THE FIREFLY IN ITALY.
;
July 19th, 190:;.
becoming of kin to those who can give or procure services and discipline. On the death of Dr.
Dignities Ecclesiastical:will not be gone into by Lynch, Dean of Canterbury, in 1759, for The suggestion by the learned Dr. Garnetk
me." thirty-three years master of the Hospital of of the reason why the Latin poets omit to
The year was now comfortably partitioned out St. Cross, where "he lived like a Prince," celebrate the " cicindela " is subtle and most
into residences in London, at his Lincolnshire this preferment was ofl'ered to Dr. Pyle, but interesting, while his apposition of the
livings, at York, and at Winchester in succes- declined on account of Lynch's " cryingly opening lines of Pliny xviii. 27 [67],
sion, the bishop dispensing with his attend- shameful neglect" of the fabric of that beau- Elzevir ed. of 1735, and the lines he quotea
ance in London for two months out of the tiful church and the buildings. from Tennyson, must have taken the readers
three demanded by the duties of his prebend. He writes of Atterl)ury's successor, Brad- of the Atliennnm of this morning with a
Political events occupy considerable space ford, Bishop of Rochester and Dean of West- sudden delight, and the two passages will in
throughout the correspondence, but can minster, on January 28th, 1701 : future always be indissolubly associated. Which
hardly be touched upon now. It is difficult leads me to suggest, by the way, that Thomas
" Bradford was indeed super-anuated when he
to reconcile the conduct here set down of Lovell Beddoes may have been insfiired in hi.s
became Dean. He was so weak in Body 2 or '.\
many of the Lords with the noble figures and years after he was Dean aa not to be able to walk, phrase for the glowworm, "companion of the
countenances shown later on in Copley's pic- as he should do. at the Late King's Coronation. He dew," by Pliny xi. 32 [37], where we are told
ture of the death of Chatham. In November, by his Office was to carry the Crown on a Cushion, that "many insects are engendered from the
17.50, it is casually mentioned that "a sly in the Procession. And lie totter'd so, that had dew," and the apparent engendering of the
Scotchman his name is Lord Bute, has got the not two persons voluntarily supported him as lie "cabbage-buttertly " from dew is described with
went along, he could not have reached ye Abbey. But why should Dr.
length of the Princess Mother's foot and will all but scientific accuracy.
And who. of all mankind, should these two be but
soon Out all he don't like." The minute and Wilks and Cibber ye Comedians who had got within Garnett go out of his way, (juite unnecessarily
accurate information that Is given must have the rails and marched along with those who walked in any suchcase, and in tliis particular ca.se
been a godsend to Samuel Kerrich, oast away in Procession. At the Sacrenient he had like to altogether unjustifiably, to stigmati/,o .Vristotle
on the sandy dunes of Dersingham. have pour'd the wine in the Cup into the King's andPliny as having "confused the finlly with
In March, 1757, died the Primate Herring. Bosom."
the glowworm"? The in.sects are specifically
Two days before this event ho shut himself in In 1701 Pyle took part in the procession at identical. In Lampyrin nodiluca, while the
his room, and after spending some hours in the coronation, "as a king's chaplain jiro- male is winged, the female is wingless, and the
" (grub, or maggot), "bambino"
burning papers was found speechless, and so moted to a dignity." In tliis year died the egg, " spectre
continued to the end. " This Good Prelate "two old Antagonist Prelates," Hoadly of (chrysalis, "puppet," or grub), and 'appiri-
lived 'till he was reduced to the resemblance Winchester and Sherlock of London, and Pylc tion" (both the developed, or malo i.e., the
of a skeleton covered with Bladder or Parch- settled in his prebendal house. It remains to ")ly"_and the undeveloped, or female -i.e., the
ment, and was, really, a sad sight." In tliis add that he long sulTered from gout, and sur- " worm "), are more or less luminous, according
year the Bishop of Winchester put an end to vived his old friend Samuel Kerrich vicar to the situation, woalhur, and climate generally,
the practice of the fellows of New College of Dersingham, and rector of Wolferton and '
in which lliuy arc found. In Devonshire the
;
Tlie ({low worm allows the matin to l>e near, (only fifty printed), IIL Vallance's Art of Vachell, and 'Foreshore Fictions,' by Mrs.
And 'gins to pale his uueft'ectual iire. William Morris, 101. 5.s. Loutherbourg's Byron, are short stories. Seasonable topics
In Cowper's translation of Vincent Bourne's Scenery of England and
Wales, IXl. 10s. are considered in The Cricketers' Classic,'
'
'
Glowworm it is also the male insect to which
'
Viollet-le-Duc, Dictionnaire de I'Architecture by Mr. E. H. Lacon Watson Lapland in ;
'
reference is made :
Fran^aise, 10 vols., 12L Voragine, Legenda Summer,' by the Eev. G. S. Davies and ;
'Tia power Almighty bids him shine, Aurea, 148G, 201. 10s.
Nor bids him shine in vain.
'
The True Ordering of Gardens,' by Mr.
Messrs. Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge sold
But in his originalpoem, The Nightingale and E. Kay Robinson. Four Tarpauling '
'
week the following
in their three days' sale last
the Glowworm,' he obviously describes the books :Ben Jonson's Every Man out of his Captains,' by Mr. W. J. Fletcher, gives an
female. Erasmus Darwin also expressly refers Humour, first edition, 1600, 1221. Manning account of the self-made admirals who were
to the female :
and Bray's Surrey, 1804-14, 18. Whitaker's the life of the navy in the latter half of the
You
Guard from cold dews her love-illumined form, History of Richmondshire, large paper, 1823, seventeenth century. Miss Ina M. White
From leaf to leaf conduct the virgin light.
Star of the earth and diamond of the night.
15L Summula Raimundi, Paris, 1527, 101. contributes '
A
Page from the Past,' based
Ruskin's Modern Painters, 5 vols., 1855-60, on a diary of the enthusiastic Miss Jane
Of course Shakspeare and Vincent Bourne (or 13L 10s. Stones of Venice, first edition, 3 vols.,
;
Porter, the author of The Scottish Chiefs
' '
Cowper) may not have rightly discriminated 1851-3, 9L 17s. Oil. Naval and Martial Achieve-
between the male and female insect. while in a Provincial Letter
'
Urbanus '
physical research have been much more rapidly 1769, 8L 15s. Nuremberg Chronicle (imper- extracts from the speeches of famous men
accumulated in modern times than was possible fect), 1493, 101. Frankau's Eighteenth-Century illustrating the subject. Mr. E. E. Vernede
in antiquity without the aid of printing, steam, Colour Prints, 1900, 101. lOs. Cartwright's writes on 'The Poetry of Courts and
and electricity. But our natural aptitudes for Admonitions to the Parliament, &c., 1572, Coronations,' and Mr. William Potts on
scientific observation have never been shown to 31L Bacon's Essayes, 1625, 24L 10s. S. T.
be superior and in my
to those of the Greeks,
'
What was the Renaissance ? * The Mad-
'
world of insects, I have found them incredibly Picturesque Views of the River Thames, 1818, are intimately described and Mr. Will H. ;
dull and depressing, whereas nothing can be 17^. 5s. Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, first edition, Ogilvie contributes a full-page poem ou
snore fascinating, or in every way more stimula- second part, second edition, with the Serious '
The Flame-Flower.'
ting, than the eleventh book of Pliny's Natural *
Reflexions, 1719, 245L Voltaire's Works, trans-
History,' entirely devoted as it is to the history, The third volume of Mr. Fisher Unwin's
lated by Smollett, &c. 36 vols., 1770, presenta-
"First Novel Library "will be A Lady's
,
'
folk-lore, fable, and economics of insects. It is tion copy from Garrick to Kitty Clive, 221. Mrs.
the very first book that should be put into the Anne Killigrew, Poems, first edition, portrait, Honour,' by Bass Blake. The book is a
hands of any youth with a strong natural 1686, 40L Dallaway and Cartwright's Sussex, romance of the eighteenth century the ;
bias toward entomological studies, and the 3 vols., 1815, 1819, 1830, 26^ Boydell's River action takes place in Norfolk, then in
*' modern side " of
every public school ought to Thames, 2 vols., 1794-6, 121. 2s. Od. Lawes London, then the Low Countries, before and
be based on a searching entrance examination and Statutes of the Stannarie of Devon, 1600, after the battle of Oudenarde. The Duke of
in such Greek and Latin writers as Aristotle, &c., 101. 5s. Marlborough figures prominently in the
Theophrastus and Aratus, Lucretius and Pliny.
earlier part of the work.
George Bird wood.
In September Messrs. Chatto & Windus
Hiterarg ffiosgfp.
July 21st, 1902. will publish a new historical romance by
.
It is possible that Sir David Hunter-Blair Messrs. Chapman & Hall will commence Mr. H. A. Hinkson, entitled Silk and '
may have had the following passage in mind in September the publication of their new Steel.' The story, which is running serially,
when he wrote his letter. I quote from Leigh "Biographical Edition" of the 'Works of deals with the Great Rebellion as it affected
Hunt's Autobiography,' chap. xxi.
'
: Charles Dickens,' which is intended to be and was aSected by Ireland.
"There is no mention of [fireflies] iu the ancient a library edition at a popular price. It will
poets.. .They make their appearance neither in Greek Mr. G. B. Burgin will have another
nor Latin verse, neither in Homer, nor Virgil, nor be complete in eighteen volumes, containing novel ready during the autumn season. It
-Ovid.norAnacreon, nor Theocritus. The earliest men- all the original illustrations, which have The Shutters of Silence,'
is to be entitled '
St. Paul's. A portrait of Mr. Smith has the labour leader's orthodox opinions on Fio.xA Mac'I.euI) intends to publish ia
also been presented " to Mrs. Smith for
' this subject when a similar matter was being due course a volume entitled The Magic '
her life, on condition that it should ulti- discussed by two or three friends in a London Kingdoms,' upon which she has been inter-
mately be offered to the National Portrait club. On the Monday evening there was a mittently at work for two or three years
Gallery. big meeting of laboui-ers at Wimborne, and past. A few pages of it, indeed, were
Messrs. Macmillax's autumn novels in- Mr. Paul took the chair. The chair had to quoted in the volume of spiritual studies of
clude Cecilia the Last Vestal,' by Mr.
' be placed in a waggon in the market-place, the Gael entitled The Divine Adventure,'
'
spectus promises a fine variety of mis- the Avenir National and the Revue Pulitique,
Affair of the Clasps,' and Waiting for the '
and Bubsequently attain the full beauty of vernacular names. In the chapters devoted cases the author seems to have viewed birds
their nuptial plumage towards early spring. to the wigeon and the shoveler it is with eyes which differ from those of other
These allusions to seasons must be taken mentioned as exceptional that the males people, and an exaggeration of the con-
approximately, for climatic and other con- of these species find mates while still cavity of the upper mandible of the duck's
ditions exercise considerable influence, and in immature plumage but the exceptions
; bill sometimes conveys the impression of a
moulting generally takes place later in to what Mr. Millais speaks of as the " strict hinge which can have no existence. But these
Scotland than in England but, to speak
; rule " among birds in general are more fre- are trifling mannerisms, and the author is
broadly, the drake of the common mallard quent than he seems to imagine, and if it to be congratulated on the completion of
begins to show appreciable signs of moulting were not that the older and stronger males a labour of love which has extended over
towards the end of June, and drops his drive away the adolescents before the assump- many of the best years of his life.
flight- feathers almost simultaneously in tion of the toga virilts, such instances would be If he will now undertake the diving
August, when for about a fortnight he seeks better known. Where males preponderate ducks we shall have the very best of mono-
safety by skulking among the reeds with it is common to see a female shoveler graphs on the British Anatideo, and by the
which his ''eclipse" colour assimilates. with two drakes in constant attendance, and time that this is completed we have little
To these sequences of plumage and all their on Loch. Spynie Mr. Millais noticed that in doubt that he will have modified some
intermediate grades, as well as to the life- nearly every case one of the drakes was in of the views he has enunciated on the
history and natural economy of the ducks, immature plumage, reminding those who subject of the genera which are usually
Mr. Millais has devoted his attention for have not forgotten their Byron of an allusion accepted by modern systematists. But
many years, not only in association with to Southern customs in Beppo.' The author
'
whatever may be his conclusions upon these
sport in Scotland and elsewhere, but also on suggests that this association may be attri- subsidiary matters, we may certainly count
undisturbed lakes, such as those in the butable to the fact that " the male shoveler upon life-histories of the birds themselves
Duke of Bedford's park at Woburn Abbey, has more regard to the welfare of his family written from wide personal acquaintance.
unrivalled for its assemblage of waterfowl, than any of the surf ace- feeders," and is
wild as well as pinioned. The result is a therefore devoid of the jealousy shown
truly magnificent work, but the profusion by the mallard drake under similar con- History of Geology and Pakeontology to the
of illustrations renders it too costly an ditions. Eeverting for a moment to the End of the Nineteenth Century. By Karl Alfred
affair for many students of ornitho- garganey, Mr. Millais emphasizes its affini- von Zittel. Translated by Maria M. Ogilvie-
logy. This is much to be regretted, because, ties in habits with the shoveler but its
;
Gordon, D.Sc, Ph.D. (Walter Scott.) If thia
apart from these pictorial embellishments, flesh, is inferior, and is even coarse at work had been confined, as was originally in-
tended, to a history of geology and palseontology
the letterpress is in itself so valuable times when other surface-feeding ducks are
in Germany, it is not likely that it would have
that it deserves to be widely known, good. This may be owing to the food,
attracted an English translator. The Historical
and although the work without the which, consists of small fishes and aquatic Commission of the Royal Academy of Sciences
expensive coloured and full-page plates beetles, with little of the vegetable matter of Bavaria, wishing to include a volume on
would be shorn of half its beauty and which conduces to the excellence of many geology in their Geschichte der Wissenschaften
'
part of its utility, yet even so a cheaper ducks, as in the case of the celebrated in Deutschland,' entrusted the work many years
issue would supply the proverbial half-loaf " canvas-back " of America but, be this as
;
ago to the late Prof. Julius Ewald, of Berlin,
to many a worthy lover of nature. For the itmay, the garganey was not found estim- Declining health, however, caused the prepara-
descriptive powers of Mr. Millais are com- able for the pot-au-feu even at Fashoda. tion of the volume to be delayed, and on Ewald's
mensurate with his draughtsmanship, and As regards the teal a very superior bird
death his unfinished manuscript was destroyed.
even veteran ornithologists as well as sports- the usual coloured illustrations of its
The Commission then turned, naturally enough,
to the brilliant occupant of the Chair of Geo-
men may derive much benefit from the phases of plumage are followed by a beau- logy and Palfeontology in the University of
experiences of this practical observer. tiful full-page plate in which the brown- Munich. Prof, von Zittel, notwithstanding his
Naturally the first place in the work is headed gulls shown in the act
are of varied activities in many directions, was induced
given to the mallard, for this is not only the destroying the young of this smallest of to undertake the task, and determined to treat
best-known species of duck in the British. British ducks. It asserted that this is
is his subject in a more liberal way than had
Islands, but has also been fostered of late the work of only a few individuals, but been at first suggested. Instead, there-
years in some suitable localities in the north there is ample evidence that these de- fore, of an isolated history, he has given
now breed on a well-known estate in Norfolk space than can be accorded, and would, of the " Heroic Age " is sketched and finally
;
where far more were to be found nesting moreover, be very technical. Mr. Millais the newer development of the science is touched
only a few years since. That the number holds some views about the actual change upon. The heroic age embraces the periodi
of the garganey or "summer - teal" of colour in the feather which are not from 1790 to 1820 the age of Werner and
said to breed in that county has been accepted by American ornithologists, and Hutton and William Smith. By far the greater
exaggerated we are willing to believe the Atik will probably have a few words part of the volume is occupied not with the
general historical sequence, but with the story
but it is a remarkable fact that persons who on this vexed question. We
will content
of the development of the several branches of
are well acquainted with the birds of the ourselves with thanking him for a valuable
geology, each treated separately six chapters
;
two species are liable to make a slip of the work, illustrated by Mr. Thorburn and him- dealing successively with the progress of science
tongue or the pen with regard to their self, and provided with a good index. In a few in its cosmical, physical, dynamical, petro-
;
graphical, palfeontological, and stratigraphical illustrated manuscript of Ptolemreus, with a contract which left him liable for the expense
phases. In the original work there is a long hitherto unknown Greenland map by Donnus of the whole undertaking, a risk which he
section on topographical geology, in which the Nikolaus Germanus (146t)). His other important was wholly unable to face. The only way
professor deals rather fully with the growth of discovery at Schloss Wolfegg was a work known
out of the difficulty was to persuade Turner,
our knowledge of the geology of Germany, and to all geographical scholars by repute, but
who, we suppose, had not yet contracted with
touches but lightly on that of other lands. This hitherto sought in vain, the twenty-four folio-
section has been wisely omitted in the transla- paged world-and-sea map of the cosmographer the publisher, not to execute the drawings.
tion, and some other parts have been, with the Martin Waldseemiiller (of the years 1507 and Turner, who was to liave received 7()() guineas,
author's approval, judiciously abridged. The 1516), which contains not only the name at first objected, but, seeing the distress of
original has no illustrations, but the translation " Amerika," introduced by Waldseemiiller, but the Goodall family, finally agreed to this
contains, as a frontispiece, an excellent por- also a representation of the discoveries of somewhat strange compact.
trait of the author, whilst a dozen other Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci. Both these Of Wilkie, Mr. Goodall has the highest
portraits of scientific men are distributed discoveries open out an entirely new per- opinion, and perhaps the two best stories in
through its pages. spective. A facsimile reproduction of this the book relate to him. Wilkie was attend-
cartographic treasure (of which a thousand
ing on the Duke of Wellington to receive
copies were originally printed, and all of them
assumed to be utterly lost) is shortly to be pre- payment for his Chelsea Pensioners.'
'
The
pared by Prof. Fischer and Franz Ritter von Duke began carefully counting out notes to
The Report of His Majesty's Astronomer at
the Cape of Good Hope (Sir David Gill) for Wieser in Innsbruck. make up the 1,200 guineas, when Wilkie
1901 has been received, its date being Janu- We note the publication of the Report on suggested that a cheque would save his
ary 31st, 1902. The 24-inch object-glass of the Admiralty Surveys for the Year 1901, by the Grace much trouble, " What " exclaimed !
telescope presented by Mr. Frank McClean, Hydrographer (price 2d.). the Duke. "Let Coutts's clerks know what
which had been returned to Sir Howard Grubb a damned fool I have been to spend 1,200
for correction on October 31st, 1899, was FINE ARTS guineas on a picture." The other is that
received on February 16th, 1901, and after a when Clarkson 8tanfield once asked Wilkie
series of experimental tests definitely accepted.
The Renwiiscences of Frederick Goodall, R.A, on varnishing day what one of his pictures
The instrument is, therefore, now complete and
(Walter Scott Publisliing Company.) wanted, he replied " Weel, it wants dirrt
:
in use it was originally hoped that this would
;
1897, took a kindly interest in him. Rogers must Mr. Goodall often visited, the influence of
The Victoria Telescope. have had a wider understanding of art and Landseer was paramount. With him, and
The Gift of Frank McClean, with such artists asMaclise, Stanfield, Faed,
of Kusthall, Kent. a more cultivated taste than most of the
David Gill, H.M. Astronomer. patrons Mr, Goodall discusses, and we could and with Millais when once he had got rid of
The work connected with the erection and have wished for more anecdotes concerning any serious purpose, Mr. Goodall felt himself
adjustment of the new transit circle has been him. The most amusing is that of his in easy sympathy. His taste was formed in
considerable, but is now approaching comple- advice to young men to marry, " because," the forties of the last century, and his mental
tion; there are several novel points in the he said, " if God sends children, I know the attitude throughout is precisely that against
manner in which it is housed and fixed. Some Devil sends nephews for I have got which the Pre-Raphaelite movement rose
; a
improvements have been effected in the helio-
damned lot always prowling about to see up in vehement protest. From these remi-
raeter, which (originally erected in 1887) had to
be dismounted to be cleaned and thoroughly whether I am breaking yet." niscences one would not suspect that any
overhauled. Meridian observations were con- Of Pugin, who was a great friend of his such upheaval had ever disturbed the even
tinued with the old transit circle ; the equa- father, there is an amusing story. In flow of academic complacency. Dante
torial have been in constant use, and steady order to make drawings of some build- Rossetti is never once mentioned, and for
progress has been made with the Cape portion ings at Oxford he hired a horseless Mr. Goodall Millais is the painter of Chill '
of the astrographic survey of the heavens, the carriage to stand in the street, but while October,' 'Cinderella,' and 'Cherry Ripe,'
completion of which seems likely to occupy a he was engaged on his work a crowd while Ruskin is reproved for not having so
much longer time than was originallyanticipated, broad a view of art as Rosa Bonheur
of undergraduates wheeled him some !
Waldl)urg-\Volfegg at Schloss Wolf.-f/f,. Hi Turner to Campbell's poems. lie had, how- oven in the burning of the Royal Exchange,
first discovery was a new (the
third known) ever, signed without realizing its import a which be witnessed, since it brought about
intellectual effort, of feeling for poetry, art, appreciation. As he does not fail to tell the pottery bowl has, besides the head of the
or music, he gives us no hint, though we reader, the truly beautiful things
in every Saviour, portraits of Constantine the Great and
learn that he has always been a devoted respect worthy of the Museum
which have been his unfortunate wife Fausta. It is altogether a
"first-nighter" and is an admirer of the left us by Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild are very interesting, though, of course, not complete
the two superb Greek heads which formed the collection, and Mr. Dalton's description of the
scenic effects of the modern stage, particularly
handles of a funeral litter, 280 B.C. These are plates leaves nothing to be desired on the ground
in the matter of varied illumination. But one indeed so fine that they militate against our of accuracy. We wish, however, he had provided
leaves the perusal of these reminiscences enjoyment of the jewels and the plate, in the a little more information on such subjects as,
with a feeling of admiration for the equable selection of which the late owner was not always for instance, "marriage rings," which are here
good temper which has enabled this veteran guided by a fine taste. so styled without anything to tell the unin-
artist who used once to read the Times news- Catalogue of Early Christian Antiquities in structed how it is known they were used in
paper by moonlight in the Egyptian desert the Departuient of British and Mediceval Anti- marriage ceremonies, or how to recognize them
and listen to Mr. Carl Haag playing " Meet quities of the British Museum. By O. M. in future. We notice, too, that there is omitted
me by moonlight alone " on a zither under Dalton. (Printed by order of the Trustees.) from this catalogue the curious alabaster (?) box
As Mr. Dalton reminds us in his introduction, decorated with figures like those given in Von
the shadow of the Sphinx to write so cheer-
the so-called Christian antiquities of the British Hammer's 'Baphomet,' and there said to illus-
fully of all that he has seen and experienced.
Museum are widely scattered, the fine col- trate the secret mysteries of the Templars. It
One rejoices that his industry was rewarded lection of Gnostic gems which illustrates one was formerly in the Blacas collection, and used
so promptly and constantly by popular of the most curious phases of early Christianity to have a place in the Nuseum galleries near the
appreciation, and that his geniality has being in the Egyptian Department, while "an silver figures of cities mentioned above. We
never been warped by the anxieties of extensive collection of Byzantine leaden seals" should have been glad to hear Mr. Dalton's
thought, or his complacency disturbed by is kept among the MSS, Those which belong opinion about it.
the ambition for imaginative creation. to the department in which Mr. Dalton is an
assistant are, however, important enough to
merit a catalogue to themselves, and the pre-
THE "labyrinth" AND THE PALACE OF
KNOSSOS.
sent handsome and well - illustrated volume
TAVO CATALOGUES, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, July 20th, 1902.
seems admirably fitted for its purpose. Among Catalogue of
Cataloque of the WorJ:s of Art bequeathed to the objects here depicted one notices the carved
The reviewer of Dr. Head's '
itself. gold plating, were also found, and near them vent des Capucins ji Athenes, and Chenonceau,
The "double axe," a? I ventured to suggest part of a fresco painting showing a border of by the same, 521. The Engraved Work of Van
in the monograph referred to, was itself an small medallions with small double axes within Dyck, 08L The Engraved Work of Van Ever-
object of worship, as the " b;\3tylic" form of the them. dingen, 150/. The Etched Work of A. van
divinity with which it was associated. On a But the crowning discovery was the shrine Ostade, 621.
Myceniuan gem impression from East Crete, itself,with the idols, cult objects, tripod, and The remaining works of the late Benjamin
found by Mr. Hogarth, votaries are actually seen vases of offering in position as they were left at Constant were sold by the same firm on the
in the act of adoration before it. In the same the time of the final destruction of this part of 19th inst. Study for the Portrait of Lord
:
way among the Alans a naked sword stuck in the palace in the late Mycentean period. On a Dufterin, 147/. Judith, 105/.
; Portia, 147/. ; ;
the ground stood as the visible impersonation raised base at the end of this small sanctuary The Funeral of the Emir, 105/.
of the God of War. It is thus probable that
stood two pairs of sacred horns ritual objects
names like Labranda are to be taken in the most known already from representations of Mycen;ean
literal sense, as indicating the place of the shrines on gems and frescoes, but never hitherto
" Labrys " or sacred double axe, rather than as found in their place. These were formed (jf Mr. Harry Furniss is holding an exhibition
derivatives from the epithet of the local "Zeus." painted stucco, and between the horns of each of cartoons at the Woodbury Gallery, New Bond
In excavating the great " Minoan " Palace of was a socket for the wooden handle of a double Street. The show has a special interest at the
Knossos I was struck by the prominent position axe, such as is seen rising between a pair of present time, as most of the drawings have
occupied by the double axe among the signs similar sacred horns on a painted sarcophagus reference to Lord Salisbury and his lengthy
upon its blocks. It is much more frequent than found in Eastern Crete, and again on a Parliamentary career.
any other sign. It occurs in several cases by Mycenjean vase from Old Salamis in Cyprus. The sale of water-colours has been good this
openings of entrances and passages. It is the Against one of the horns a small votive double
year. Out of 254 drawings the Royal Water-
distinguishing mark of the largest existing hall. axe of steatite was leaning. Beside the horns Colour Society, which closed last Saturday, sold
It is constantly repeated on the blocks of two
were painted terra-cotta idols of semi-anthropo-
!)5, while the Academy have so far succeeded
jjillars in two small adjoining chambers on the
morphic type, cylindrical below. They were in selling 73 out of 252 drawings. As the Aca-
west side of the palace, which, as we now know, of the female aex, but there were also male
demy have only sold 17G out of a total of 1,726
formed the supports of the two columns of the figures, apparently votaries, one offering a dove.
exhibits, the water-colour sales are out of all
principal raegaron of this quarter. Several of The whole result of the excavations at proportion to the rest. This comparison is
the other signs found on the palace blocks, such Knossos has been to bring out in a remark- interesting, if only from the fact that for several
aa the spray, the star, the cross, and the trident, able way the underlying element of truth in
years the opinion has been held that bad times
are of kinds which in later times appear as ancient tradition. In the exquisite works of
are in store for water-colour artists.
religious symbols, and it is possible that all painting and sculpture which in certain lines
carry the art of prehistoric Crete beyond any- The death of Gustave Vanaise, the well-
these marks, like the dedications on the bricks known Flemish artist, is announced.
thing that was achieved till the days of the was He
of Babylonian buildings, may have fulfilled the
Italian Renaissance we have now true know- born at Ghent in 1854, and, after travelling in
function of consecrating the material. That in
ledge of what was dimly associated with the various parts of Europe, lived in Paris for some
m iny cases they were afterwards covered with
years, sharing a studio with Jan van Beers,
plaster does not affect this argument. Con- name of "Dtedalus." On the clay documents,
which carry back the knowledge of writing a Lambeaux, and other Belgian artists. He
sidering the exceptional sanctity of the double
thousand years, we may possess perhaps actual exhibited at the Salon regularly for some years.
axe in Myceniem Crete, as evidenced by such He eventually returned to his native country,
finds as the hoards of votive axes brought to excerpts from the laws of "Minos." To see in
the great building itself the actual prototype of where he achieved great success, and had been
light in the axe sanctuary of Zeus and Rhea on
the legendary Labyrinth is, in itself, little more one of the leading artists for many years past.
M:)unt Dicta, its pre-eminent position on the
pilace blocks might well suggest a religious than a corollary from these results. Such an The " Salon des Gobelins " will be one of the
identification, indeed, has been described in chief artistic attractions of Paris this .summer
motive.
Was there here, then, an archjeological con- print within the last few days as a piece of and autumn. The exhibition, which opens on
firmation of the identification, already made on "fantastic childishness." But "the proof of August Ist and closes on November 1st, will
philological grounds, of Labraundos and Laby- the pudding is in the eating." When step by illustrate the history and progress of Gobelins
step the theory of the palace cult of the double tapestry during the last 300 years. It will
rinthos ? Was it possible that this vast building,
with its tortuous passages, not only represented axe has been fully established by the discoveries occupy the Grand Palais, and some very fine
theLabyrinthof local tradition, but also explained made, and the derivation of the name put for- specimens will be hung. Those of the Louis XIV.
ward by competent philologists has been thus period will include ' L'Histoire du Roi,' ' L'His-
the origin of the name ? Have we before us, in
fact, a palace not only specially marked by the
confirmed in a remarkable way by arch;ological toire d'Alexandre,'Le Triomphe de.s Dieux,'
'
*'
Labrys " symbol, but which had once actually methods, the identification of palace and Laby- by Lebrun 'L'Histoire de Constantin,' by
;
rinth must at least cease to be regarded as Poussin and Lebrun and L'Histoire de '
associated divinities ? a "vain imagining." The vast edifice itself, Moise,' after Mignard.
The affirmative conclusion already suggested extending over five acres of ground, with its Mr. William Fo.ster's Descriptive Cata- '
intricate succession of chambers, its winding logue of the Paintings, Statues, &c., in the India
to me by the results of the first year's explora-
passages, and complete network of subter- Office,' is the beat "official" catalogue that we
tion at Knossos was confirmed by the discovery,
during the second year's campaign, within the ranean ducts, fits in well with the grim tradi- remember to have seen. It describes fully the
palace, of Mycenfean vases with painted figures
tions of the spot. The huge figures of bulls on various objects of art with which the student
of double axes of a specially votive character.
the walls in particular the circus scenes, in is most concerned, in addition to giving bio-
The fresh discoveries, moreover, confirmed the which girls as well as youths are seen grappling graphical details. Mr. Foster's foot- notes are
view that though a male divinity was also repre- with the charging monsters may well have both thorough and interesting. The things
supplied a dramatic touch to the story of the to be seen are various, some clearly of a very
sented, at times in warrior guise, on the signets
and seal impressions of the palace, the most Athenian captives. On gems and seal impres- high artistic order, whilst others would perhaps
sions from the site of Knossos figures of the be best described as antifjuities. The first entry
prominent place was taken by a goddess, who,
from her lion-guardians, might be regarded as a Minotaur himself, bovine in his upper limbs, in the catalogue is oi a full-length life-size por-
prototype of the later RheaCybele, though in
have come to light. But in this connexion one trait of Warren Hastings, painted late in life ;
of the latest discoveries made is not the least the name of the artist is unknown. It is prob-
other aspects of her personality she seems to
interesting. In a corridor on the east side of ably the whole-length painted by Romney in
approach the Cretan Aphrodite, Ariadne.
the palace was found a decorative wall-painting 1795 (see the Rev. John Romney's 'Memoirs'
It may interest your readers to learn that the
consisting of a series of mazes or complicated and was bequeathed to
most recent result of my this year's Knossian of his father, p. 237),
campaign a result in its completeness, indeed, meanders, and supplying in a fuller form the
prototype of the Labyrinth on the later coins of
the East India Company by William Larkins in
only brought out by the last day's work was thn
Knossos. Artuuk J. Evans.
1800.
discovery of a palace shrine, the character of We are glad to hear that the 40,000/. neces-
which must set at rest for ever any doubts as to sary for the complete repair of tlie famous
the existence of the cult of the double axe and SALES. mosque of Sultan Hassan at Cairo will bo
its as.sociated divinities within the "House of The collection of engravings belonging to the provided by the Caisse do la Dette, and that
Minos." Due d'ArenV)erg was sold by Messrs. Christie the first instalment for immediate use has
Alreadj' in the central chambers at the from the 14th to the 17th inst. The following already been paid to the, Coimnittee for the Pro-
eastern side of the building there had come to were the principal prices : The Fruit Barrow, sersalion of the Monuments, whose architect,
' ; ;
at the end of the season, but after hearing a quarter in performance. The gradual ten- Anton Schindler, published at Miinster in 1840^
Italian opera, ancient and modern, and even dency to increase the length of operas dates mentions the agreement between Beethoven and
Wagner, its greatness becomes more and from the days of Eoesini and Meyerbeer, and Muzio Clementi, dated April 20th, 1807, a copy
of which was found among Beethoven's papers..
more manifest. And yet, though Mozart's Wagner followed suit. With the new Italian Ludwig van Beethovens Leben,'
In Thayer's '
dramatic instinct was strong, the conventions school there came a Anyhow, for
reaction.
vol. iii. pp. 10-11, are to be found the full con-
of his day were, unfortunately, still stronger ;
composers who are comparatively new to the tentsof this agreement. The worksfor which Beet-
had he lived after Wagner he would have stage, brevity is an advantage. Even in hoven was to receive the sum of 200L were the
written differently, and not given the artists '
Der Wald,' short as it is, the appearance of three Rasoumofi'sky Quartets, Op. 59, the Fourth
and the public those convenient opportuni- Count Eudolf near the close offers a moment Symphony, the Coriolan Overture, the Violin
' '
ties for interrupting the drama by applause of weakness. His song is undramatic Concerto, and the same arranged for pianoforte.
and encores. The performance was excep- interest centres in Heinrich, not in the man The sum was not large, but four months after
Mesdames Litvinne and they had been sent to England Beethoven was-
tionally good. whom lolanthe ceases to love the latter
at liberty to negotiate with French and German
;
Suzanne Adams were excellent as the is a mere figure, and excites no sympathy.
With regard to this agreement with
publishers.
donne Anna and Elvira, while Friiulein Had the work been longer, that small, Clementi, who was acting for the Collard tirnx
Scheff succeeded fairly well as Zerlina. M. weak spot might have grown and seriously in London, there is nothing actually new in the
Renaud, one of the best Dons on the stage, marred the picture. 'Der Wald we '
letter, of which a facsimile of the first page is-
was well supported by Signor Pini Corsi as give it its German title seeing that the given, but the exceedingly graphic account of
Leporello Signor Caruso, the Don Ottavio,
; book was written and the work performed the interview with Beethoven, written only two
was not quite in his element. M. Gilibert's in that language
was received with great days after the signing of the contract, will b&
read with no little interest. Clementi appears
Mazetto is always amusing, though per- enthusiasm. Miss Smyth well deserves her
haps he makes just a trifle too much of the to have first made the acquaintance of Beethoven
success, and we feel sure that she is too
Vienna in the year 1804. We are told by
at
part. Signor Mancinelli conducted. intelligent to imagine that she has produced
Ries (' Biographische Notizen,' p. 101) that
Last week, in noticing Mr. Bunning's an epoch-making opera good and clever ; Beethoven, hearing of his arrival in Vienna,
'La Princesse Osra,' we expressed the as it is, we regard it only as a stepping- wished at once to call on him, but was dissuaded
opinion that the composer would do well to stone to higher things. We
must not omit therefrom by his brothers some time, in fact, ;
free himself from the Wagnerian methods. to mention the orchestration, which shows elapsed before they actually spoke to each other.
Yesterday week Miss Smyth's Der Wald '
something more than skill in it there is Clementi died five years later than Beethoven,,
;
was produced at Covent Garden, and in it fancy, romantic colouring, and a strong yet as composer he was really a predecessor.
the influence of the Bayreuth master is sense of contrast without any patchiness. The Italian master wrote his famous three
Op. 2, in the very year in which Beet-
strongly felt, both in the letter and the The performance was excellent. Mile. sonatas,
hoven was born, and before the latter pub-
spirit of the music. Yet we would not Fremstad, who through illness has scarcely lished his Op. 1, in 1795, Clementi had won
proffer the same advice. There is a marked been heard this season, gave a dramatic European fame both as composer and pianist :,
difference between the two composers the : impersonation of lolanthe she has a fine the letter, therefore, is doubly interesting. Cora-
;
one seems to have adopted that method, the voice and uses it effectively. Frau Lohse posers as a rule do not properly appreciate their
other to have been brought up on it to the ; and Herr Pennarini represented the lovers great contemporaries. Weber's remarks con-
one it is a fashion, to the other a necessity. Herr Blass, a Pedlar and Mr. David cerning Beethoven himself offer apt illustra-
;
Miss Smyth's music is homogeneous through- Bispham, as Eudolf, made the most of his tion. Clementi, who no doubt was conscious-
out there are no traces of the old Adam in of his own merits, seems, however, to have been-
; somewhat thankless part. The piece was
The composer's fully aware of the greatness of Beethoven.
it. individuality, it is true, admirably mounted. Herr Lohse conducted.
The letter of which the first page is given
is now hidden, but in time, as snow which A
musical and dramatic performance of here forms one of a set of eight which have
has kept the ground warm melts away and considerable interest was given by the most kindly been placed at our disposal by
exposes to view the growing spring flowers, students of the Eoyal Academy of Music at Sir Cecil Clementi-Smith, a grandson of Muzio-
the influence of Wagner should disappear St. George's Hall on Tuesday afternoon. Clementi. They are all written, and in excel-
and the real character and strength of the First came an operetta, in one act, by the lent English, to his partner, F. W. Collard the ;
composer's gifts be revealed. sister and brother, Eleanor and Harry earliest bears the date August 17th, 1803, and
Vienna, is merely marked
Miss Smyth has been her own librettist, Farjeon,two former studentsof the Academy. the latest, written from
and her simple story is of two peasants, September, but from internal evidence the year
They are both talented. Two years ago their
Eoschen and Heinrich, who love each other. was 1809. This last letter also refers to the
Eegistry Office was successfully produced. Beethoven- Clementi document, and from it we
'
'
English.
a:^ ^ X:-
^ <_ ^^--_ .{<^ :--2iU, In the course of a long life Clementi probably
had a large correspondence. The Collard
house no doubt possessed many letters, but
through a disastrous fire some fifty or
sixty years ago all the books and papers
belonging to the firm were destroyed the ;
future.
-*v'.-
von Tharau,' 1878 Wilhelm von Oranien,"
;
'
part-songs, &c.
T)iE death is also announced of Benjamin
Bilse, the once famous conductor, born at
Liegnilz in 1810. In 1884 he withdrew from
.
Jictive life. The Emperor bestowed on him the awarded his heroine is no more than County Council. It is doubtful whether these
title of Hofmusikdirector. a woman may bear. Having caught her can be made or whether the Lyceum will con-
husband almost in flagrant dclit, Henriette, tinue to be numbered among London theatres.
The Allgcmcine Mnsik-Zeituiui of July 4th
It would add greatly to public comfort if the
gives an account of an interview with Richard who worships him and knows him to be one
Council when dealing with theatres would extend
Strauss by a member of the stafl' of the Nene of the best fellows in the world, makes so
its attention to the auditorium, and insist upon
Freie Presse. The composer had much to say much fuss that in the end she obtains a the means of access to the seats being sufficiently
about his manner of composing and about new divorce. At the time when the action enlarged to be reconcilable with decency. This
compositions (two symphonic poems and a set-
virtually begins she has got rid of him, is not written a propos of the Lyceum alone,
ting for soli, chorus, and orchestra of Uhland's
ballade Taillefer ') at which he is working, or
'
and even receiving the attention of a
is though that house is an ofi'ender as regards the
rather on which he is meditating. He spoke gi-ave and distinguished magistrate who space between the rows of stalls.
of Dr. Elgar as follows: "An Englishman, aspires to be his successor. All the penalty The jubilee of Mr. J. L. Toole's appearance
Edward the Lower Rhenish
Elgar, came to enforced is that the heroine shall have to on the stage unfortunately finds that popular
Festival and gained a hearing for his oratorio win her husband over again, an easy task, comedian in a state prohibiting the hope of
'The Dream of Gerontius.' With that work since Edouard Maubrun worships the ex- further delight from his performances. In
England for the first time became one of the wife whom he has wronged through inability his retirement in Brighton Mr. Toole was the
modern musical states. Up to now England to say no. Not too convincing is the manner
recipient of many compliments and honours,
has always received German music without including a vi.sit from his attached and faithful
in which the recapture is brought about.
giving us anything in return. Now for the first friend Sir Henry Irving.
time an Englishman has come to the Continent
At a restaurant husband and wife occupy
Betsy,' the adaptation by Sir Frank Cowley
'
who deserves to be heard." The praise awarded neighbouring tables. The latter is flanked
Burnand of Beb^,' has been once more revived
'
to Dr. Elgar is well deserved, yet he is not the by her parents and the new candidate for at Wyndham's, with Mr. James Welch as Mr.
only English composer who deserves a hearing her hand the former is accompanied by the
;
Dawson and Miss Kittie Loftus as Betsy. The
in Germany. To speak only of the past, there mistress with whom, since his wife's depar- best piece of acting was the Birkett of Mr.
were the great English masters of the sixteenth ture, he has sought consolation. Not the Alfred Bishop.
and seventeenth centuries, whose works will happiest conditions these, it might be
bear comparison with anything then produced At the Borough Theatre, Stratford, Mr. Dan
thought, to bring about a reunion. They Leno appeared on Monday in Mr. Wix of '
in Germany.
suffice, however, and when on the arm of Wickham,' a comedy written especially for hira
of .July 13th states that a new
Le Menestfd
the magisterial lover Henriette leaves the by Mr. Herbert Darnley.
(a third) opera by Siegfried Wagner will be
produced at Leipzig next season also that an
room, like Alexander she Mr. Robert Loraixe takes this evening at
;
Carl Goldmark, the distinguished composer, the audience. With M. Capus movement Mr. G. D. Day's '
A Woman of Impulse.'
according to Le Menestrel of July 20th, objects and vivacity do duty for wit, a respect in
The next novelty in which Miss Annie
to the representation of Beethoven with naked which he stands to the dramatists of the day Hughes be seen in London
will likely to be is
figure, and asks in what way this can add to the much as Colley Cibber stood to those of 'Mrs. Willoughby's Kiss,' by Mr. Frank
personification of the great master. the Eestoration. His characters are well Stayton, a piece new to London, though it was
drawn, moreover, with just the suggestion given on May 2nd, 1901, in Brighton. After
PERF0HMANCE8 NEXT WEEK. of caricature that adds humour to portrai- that she will appear as Cigarette in a rendering
MON. Royal Italian Opera, C'ovent Garden. ture. Les Deux Ecoles proved accord-
'
'
of Ouida's Under Two Flags.'
'
ingly the sprightliest and the most popular Two plays are being written for Sir Charles
of the entertainments that the season now Wyndham's management by Mr. Henry Arthur
DRAMA moribund has witnessed, and was received Jones. One is intended for Sir Charles himself,
with shouts of applause. the second for Miss Lena Ashwell.
THE WEEK. For this result an admirable interpreta- Mr. Lewis Waller is said to be negotiating
Garrick. Les Deux '
Slcoles,' Comedie en Quatre Actes.
Par Alfred Capus. tion was largely responsible. As the wife for temporary possession of the Imperial, at
undertaking the reconquest of her husband which he seeks to produce the new rendering of
The
lesson, if such it can be called, that
Mile. Granier showed once more her
'
Ruy Bias by Mr. John Davidson.
'
Helion to her husband in 'Eosine,' "je Lord Quex.' The M. Le Hautois, conseiller Felling-on-Tyne.
sais que vous m'avez trompee, vous'ayant ffHat, of M. Guy was a masterly presenta-
fait suivre a Paris. Je n'ai rien dit je tion of pompousness and assumption. M. To CoBRESPONDENTS. C. K. J. C. M. W. B. received^
;
vous ai laisse tranquille. Mais j'entends Brasseur was comic and debonair as the W. T. Thanks.
qu'il ne se passe rien ici offending husband, and M. Numes, whose W. L. Q. Already published'
;
je ne veux pas
etre ridicule." In 'Les name as it appeared on the programme was No notice can be taken of anonymous communications.
Deux Ecoles'
Madame scarcely to be recognized, was superb as the
Joulin, the
says to her daughter Henriette
mother of the heroine,
:
heroine's father. q^HB ATHEN^UM.
"y a deux ecoles, celle des 'yeux ouverts
II
SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.
'
seconde avec ton pere, je m'en suis bien 5 Lines of Pearl 036
73 (Half-Colnmn) 1 16
trouvde car il s'imagine que j'ai eu des illu-
.,
A Column 330
In his address on Saturday afternoon last, APage 9 9
sions et n'ai pas vu ses frasques." when the Lyceum closed with a representation Auctions and Public Institutions, Five Lines 43., and 8d. per line of
Pearl type beyond.
In consequence of neglecting this maternal
of the Merchant of Venice,' Sir Henry Irving
'
announced as the principal feature in next IN THE MEASUREMENT OF ADVERTISEMENTS. CARE SHOULD-
counsel Henriette Maubrun all but comes BE TAKEN TO MEASURE FROM RULE TO RULE.
year's season M. Sardou's drama on the subject Adyertisements across Two Columns, one-third extra beyond the-
to grief. No very stern moralist is, how- space occupied, the first charge being 30s.
of Dante. Very important structural changes
ever, M. Capus, and the punishment JOHN C. FRANCIS,
in the Lyceum have been insisted upon by the The Atheneetun Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, E.C.
:
By MEREJKOWSKI. The PASTON LETTERS, revived interest in genealogy and family history."
1422-1509. Edited by JAMES GAIRDNER,
C.B. 4 vols, crown Svo, 21s. net. The STANDARD says:
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Wreck of the Grosvenor
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" Let us walk down Fleet Street " " Lungs of
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Abp. Juxon and Charles I. Battle
of Killiecrankie Lord Salis-
PHILOLOGY.
bury on Small Maps Pre-Reformation Markets on Sunday
English Royal Marriages Mary, Queen of Scots Member of Gemmace " Geology First Used Ghost Names Gingham
"
Grinling
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Warren Hastings
Carvings
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B.
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Goldsmith's "Padoreen" Mare 'Grand Hogarth Holbein's 'Ambassadors' Holman Hunt's 'Scape-
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Original of Bracebridge'
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Hall Junius's Letters
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Queen ' Green-Room Handel and the Harmonious Black-
'
American War of Independence
Animals as Thieves and
the
'
Rain at Cherra Poongee Curious Christian Names Twenty-
four-hour Clocks
Dead Body arrested for Debt Lady Duellists
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Extraordinary Fields Fire put out by the
Greek Anthology " Judaeus Apella "Pronunciation of "Huic"
Sun First Giraffe in England Post Office Grammar Gretna
"Humpty Dumpty" Latin Macaronic Latin " Maligna
in
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Commons Lemon Sole Invention of Lucifer Matches.
;
THE FOLLOWING ARE STILL IN
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worl Peasley. Beesley. &c.-C"apt Morris's Wife Spearing
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i :
PALESTINE and the JEWS.
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Coronation year of King Edward YII.
PLANNED BY THE
London: CHAPMAN & HALL, Limited,
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EDITED BY
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SATURDAY, AUGUST 2, i90S. upon us. For Germany is beating us in tho bation. But do not the critics of this rigid
commercial race. We shall doubtless, there- systematization agree that it may be ad-
CONTENTS. demand much more coUectivist organi-
fore, mirable for tho production of a public
PICS
KnrCATION AND Emmre zation iu education.
Ho It seems to bo gene- servant? and do they not also insist that such
Welsh axp Iri-^h Mfi>i.eval RoAfAXCE rally agreed that some such process is both
U6 a system qualifies for intelligent routine, but
BURLKY-ON-THE-HlLL 147 desirable and inevitable. But we must not for that more aggressive individualism
O REOOROVIUS'S IIISTOKV OF UOME 148 remember that both Germany and France which national success often demands?
A Story of Sovth Africa 150 are looking to England for educational It is interesting to an Englishman to hear
A New Life of Houespikrri: 150 models, and the trend of reform in these Scotland blamed for its water-tight educa-
Ni;w Novels (A Double-barrelled Detective Story; countries is towards elasticity. think, We tional compartments. The elementary
Tlie New Christians; Holy Matrimony McGluskj'; ;
at least, that Geist might not be actively teachers of Scotland are aloof from tho
Time and Chance Hesitation Sentimentale)
; 152153
promoted by a rigidly bound and uniform national life, and "the universities stand
Local History 153
still more aloof from the national life than
Oriental Literati-re IM educational system. It is, doubtless, right
Books for Tourists 155
to press for system and uniformity here the body of elementary teachers." We
Classical Litkraturk 15(5
we need, however, to hold the correlated had the idea that the lack of educa-
Our Library Tahle (Studies in Irish History and disadvantages fully in view. There can be tional interpenetration was especially an
Biography ;Great Frei.ch Preachers Writers' no question that, in the higher branches of
; English characteristic, and it is with some
Year-Book Prince EugJne and Murat Mr. Pass-
; ;
technical research, and in the opportunities relief that we find Scotland included in this
mote Edwards; French Parliamentary Poets;
Beprints; The Examiner' 'Gossip')
'
; ... 157158 which we hold out for able students to make category. Again, we think it necessary to
List of New Books 15S additions to knowledge, we are far behind argue that universities have a task which is
'A Friexd of Nelson'; Eiohth Interxational Germany, We
are reminded both of State something other than technical preparation
Coxgress of the Press; Bdmuxd Pyle, D.D. activity in this direction and of the voluntary
; and though we do not think this would be
Sales 159
co-operative undertakings of large employers denied, it needs to be emphasized as well
Literary Gossip 160
to obtain the best expert training and know- as recognized. In America, a very " go-
Sciexci: Motors axd Motor Drivixg; Gossip 161162
ledge. There are 9,000,000 pupils now in ahead " country, tho schools suspend their
FixH Arts Cathedral Handbooks; Rugs axd
Lacks; The Whitechapel Art Gallery Etch- the German
;
primary schools. " Secondary work in hot weather, but the " teachers fill
ings AT Mr. Gutekuxst's Gallery; The Ad- education not directly compulsory, but
is up their time " in summer training classes.
MIXISTRATIOX OF THE NaTIOXAL GaLLERY; THE indirectly is made difficult to dispense
it We are not sure that this is wholly beneficial
Royal Archaeological Institute at Southamp- with." How difficult is seen by the fact either to teachers or children.
ton; Sales; Gossip 163-167 that there are 375,000 pupils in these " Both the House of Commons and the
Music Gossip 167
schools. elementary teachers in Scotland and Eng-
Drama Plays; Gossip 167168
"A pupil may go into a secondary school as land seem to be wanting in a largeness of
young as ten or eleven. He remains there conception." To change this we need some
LITERATURE about six years, during which he studies, if he " impetus from the public." For linguistic
is in a Bealsclmle, German, English, French, teaching we are advised to look into a con-
mathematics (including such higher subjects as tinental school, where "the children are not
Education and JEmpire
Addresses on Certain
logarithms, trigonometry, &c.), physics, chemis-
Topics of the Day. By Richard Burdon taught grammar and a whole string of dry
try, and certain other sciences, and freehand
Haldane, M.P., LL.D., K.C. (Murray.) drawing." things." The teacher must usually be of
"The addresses which this little volume We
are not surprised that the cry of over-
the " same nationality as the children." We
contains were delivered under varying cir- cordially agree with the latter suggestion,
pressure is very strong in Germany to-day,
cumstances." and are an incitement, in the but we have before us a French official
and we cannot refrain from quoting in this
main, to educational effort, "to be sought connexion a few words from Mr. Sadler's
Emploi du Temps and a series of exercise
in clear views, and activity of the kind that conclusion in Education in Germany ' ' :
books from French schools. We
have no
hesitation in saying that the time and energy
is at once unhasting and unresting." We "It is undesirable that any one pupil should
propose mainly to survey those sections of be set to learn a little of a great many subjects. expended on grammatical teaching, at least
the book which are specially directed to the Far better results are obtained by the more with reference to French, are greatly in
object above indicated, dealing in conclu- thorough study of a few subjects. Our motto excess of anything attempted in corre-
sion with two points concerning empire. should be multum, non multa." sponding English schools.
We must not, of course, look for a con- On one point we are in hearty agreement The university, says the author, is the
nected and reasoned treatise in what pur- with the German system its primary : proper training - ground for all teachers.
ports to be a series of essays connected only schools do not specialize. This may be so, but much more attention
by a general idea. The first essay makes We
have begun in England to establish needs to be paid to pedagogics and practical
some comparisons between Great Britain that sort of university which is largely work before the training it affords for
and Germany from an educational stand- technical, and which will " help the student teachers can be thoroughly successful.
point. We are reminded of Matthew to a position in life." But the danger is Tho last essay deals with science and
(and we think that Mr. Haldane is fully religion. It had to be shown that science
Arnold's criticism of English treatment of
We alive to it) that we may overlook the need and religion could be reconciled. The
Ireland. are to transform ourselves so
as to be attractive to Irishmen the reverse for culture, which is, in one way, the English mantle of Luther descended upon Kant,
;
process is not suggested. " must trans- We equivalent for Geist. If this stimulating who bore on the torch in the Critique of'
form our middle class and its social civilisa- essay succeed in sending its readers to Mr. Pure Eeason.' Though it is always unsafe
to summarize Kant, we should have sup-
tion"; though in the illustrative passage Sadler's report on German education it will
which follow.s, referring to the influence of have fulfilled a valuable purpose. posed that his work tended to sliow that
Salem House, probably a secondary school, The second lecture deals with the relation one cannot arrive at certainty by means of
we find that between school and university in Scotland. pure reason, much less at morality. Science
" we are so prolific, so enterprising, so world " Educate your people, and you have reduced has attacked theology with vast armies it ;
covering, and our middle class and its civilisa- to comparatively insignificant dimensions used to be full of gaps whicli the weapons of
tion so entirely take the lead wherever we go, the problems of temperance, of housing, theology easily penetrated. We
ask, Is it
that there is now, one may say, a kind of colour and of raising the condition of your masses," not so now ? Some of us who have studied
of Salem House all round the globe." says Mr. Haldane to his Scotch audience. Prof. Ward's Naturalism and Agnosticism,'
'
intended. What our middle class lack and difficult school training which the remains a power, as great and as living, as
at any time in tho world's history. That
is Geiat, and this seems to be more espe- German must undergo if he wishes to be a
cially a German possession. One circum- member of tho learned professions, a civil power is of the heart rather than of
stance, however, according to the author, servant, and in many cases even a foreman tho head." But we agree with tho author,
wo understand him rightly, that this
is likely to force this desirable possession of a factory is again alluded to with appro- if
146 THE ATHEN^UM N3901, Aug. 2, 1902
position is uustable and, above ; all, we follow report in a late volume of State trials. It so twice, taking them both as a preface and
modern philosophy in its critical endeavour was heard before a special committee of the a postscript. These notes form the chief
to test the presuppositions of natural science Privy Council in 1894. Mr. Haldane does addition which the editor has made to
by rigorous criticism. It may turn out after not go so far in the volume before us as he the work, while his alterations mainly
all that the ultimate premises of science probably found it necessary to go in the consist in giving a better order to the tales,
are also of the heart rather than of the head. and he here suggests
interests of his clients, and making a few minor changes in the
A valuable plea is put forward for the right that the monarchy has changed in the text, sufficiently small and useful to preclude
of independent cultivation of its own definite Channel Islands "from an absolute to a any charge of wanton tampering with the
territory by religion, science, and philo- limited one." But in another passage he original translation. The glossing of Welsh
sophy. But there can be no unified know- suggests that the eighteenth- century docu- proper names is one addition which might
ledge without interrelation, and the upshot ments relied upon were not the foundation, with some advantage have been carried a
is encroachment by the dominant school. but only a comparatively modern expression little further. It has chiefly been done
No doubt Mr. Spencer finds an ultimate of the constitutional liberties of Jersey. The with the names of Arthur's household
harmony which religion and science will
in case argued by Mr. Haldane was heard by (pp. 104-14), but the probability is that
join hands in the worship of the unknowable, an illustrious tribunal, consisting of the the reader who has no special taste for
but we are sceptical as to this. The author's Prime Minister, the Lord Chancellor, two Celtic legend will skip these pages alto-
final view of metaphysics seems to be ex-Chancellors, four law lords, a bishop, and gether. On the other hand, he might
" not that things produce mind, but that two lay Privy Councillors and they advised
; naturally wish to know why " that commot
mind produces things," and that " the know- the Queen to quash her own Order in Council was called Talebolion " he may certainly
;
ledge that creates is at one with what it which was in question, on the curious ground guess that it has something to do with the
knows." We are very doubtful as to any that it was a breach of an understanding " colts " in the previous clause, but it would
wide acceptance for these propositions, but come to between the Government of Lord have been a simple matter to explain the
we heartily concur in the exhortation to dig Melbourne and the authorities of the two elements in the name. So also with
for deeper foundations of belief, to see island, and the tribunal hinted that it was " Mynnweir and Mynord " on p. 57, " Moch-
"whether there be no escape from the unwise for the law officers to press them to drev" on p. 61, " Hyddwn," " Hychdwn,"
burden of a materialism that denies the decide the constitutional question whether and " Bleiddwn " on pp. Go-66, "Gwalstawt
reality of what seems best in life." the monarchy in the Channel Islands was or leithoedd " on p. 116; in all these cases
Mr. Haldane writes with prudence with was not alimited monarchy. Ourown opinion the full significance of the tale cannot be
regard to Imperial Federation, a phrase is that, while the course taken may have grasped unless the meaning of the Welsh
which, by the way, he dislikes. He con- been prudent, it was hardly historically name is known. A
few notes on Welsh
siders that the ideal will have to be attained sound. The States of Brittany were a more topography would also, we imagine, have
by other means than legal federation, and highly organized body than the States of been welcome to many readers. Even the
he is not, we think, dissatisfied with the Jersey, but we believe that the fashion in opening sentence of the book, " Pwyll,
existing situation, in which the Imperial which Louis XIV. dealt with them was Prince of Dyved, was lord of the seven
Parliament recognizes that it is constitution- legal, and that the position of the King of Cantrevs of Dyved," leads at once into an
ally bound by close limitations so far as the England as Duke of Normandy is historic- unknown region and an unfamiliar division
self-governing colonies are concerned. Mr. ally as good as that of Louis XIV. We of territory, in which the barest guidepost
Haldane in this matter is far more nearly should admit frankly that not historical, but would be useful. No one unacquainted with
in accord with Australian opinion than are political, considerations have induced us to Welsh can be expected to identify Gwynedd,
the less-instructed writers on the subject. adopt milder measures in the case of the Powys, and Deheubarth with North, Central,
He is clear that the first necessity is to Channel Islands. The important case, and South Wales yet withcmt this know-
;
make our colonies " realise that there is curiously enough, appears not to have ledge much in the tales must leave a very
no desire to interfere with their absolute been mentioned in the newspapers of 1894, vague impression, so far as localities are con-
right of autonomy in their own concerns." a fact which makes Mr. Haldane's account cerned. If the editor, however, has not done
He tells us that of it the more necessary for preservation. all that might very easily have been done to
"it very well to use the word 'federa-
is all He thinks that Channel Island laws in popularize the Mahinogion, he has supplied
'
'
make this volume necessary to the student translated by Lady Charlotte Guest; legend, while the style of Kilhwch and
we would point to the manner in which the with Notes by Alfred Nutt. (Nutt.) Ehonabwy's dream is so similar to that of
facts as to Jersey are set forth in two essays Cuchulain of Muirthemne : the Story of the Irish story-telling that it must be regarded
as being both novel and important. Mr. Men of the Red Branch of Ulster. Arranged as a deliberate imitation of it. The fact
Haldane has, we believe, become a popular and put into English by Lady Gregory. that Arthurian legend is only one branch of
hero in Jersey on account of his defence With a Preface by W. B. Yeats. (Murray.) Welsh tradition is also made clear, and some
of the States of Jersey before the Privy The simultaneous appearance of these two of the leading features of this popular cycle,
Council. A
French woman-subject of easy books is of good promise, it may be hoped, as developed in Wales and elsewhere, are
virtue was condemned to death by Jersey for that wider knowledge of Celtic literature briefly but satisfactorily considered. These
law, and being claimed by France, and which has been slow in coming to the " notes," which are really a preface placed
the island refusing to part with her, she English-speaking race, but now seems to be where it may not scare off the shy reader,
seems to have been abducted by the British appreciably nearer at hand. The attractive extend to only forty pages, but in that space
Government and handed over forcibly to form in which Mr. Nutt has reissued Lady the subject is and it
excellently handled ;
France. Mr. Haldane in his allusions to Charlotte Guest's translation of the Mahi-
* would be add
difficult toanything without
this case considers that, in its subsequent nogion and other Welsh tales ought to
'
trespassing on the province of the '' adequate
form and result, the people of the Channel rouse even the greatest Gallio in things Celtic commentary" which the editor elsewhere
Islands have succeeded in establishing the from his indifference, at least until he has hints at.
right of constitutional government, although read to the end of the tales. Mr. Nutt seems The features in which Lady Gregory's
it was nominally left open in the case, of to doubt whether he will read the notes as book differs from Lady Charlotte Guest's
which hitherto there has only been a meagre well; but the wise reader will certainly do signify the differences between Welsh and
a great extent been eliminated from the become very undignified and even comic. really bad and frequent, it becomes neces-
Welsh tales, so that even the most faithful Lady Gregory has not solved this difficulty, sary to expose them as a warning to others.
translation of these contains little that the and admits that she has followed no fixed The author acknowledges in the preface her
English reader cannot appreciate or enjoy. rule. By way of amends she has indicated the indebtedness to a local rector for his kind-
On the other hand, the work of rejection modern Irish pronunciation of some names, ness in revising the volume. It is passing
and refinement is one that naturally suggests but the reader will still find many thorns strange that any beneficed clergyman could
itself to any translator who wishes Irish in his path. The matter is one of prime have allowed such a sentence as this, with
tales to gain popular favour. Lady Gregory importance for the popularizing of the older which the account of the parish church
has undertaken this task for one of the Irish literature, and deserves careful atten- opens, to pass :
great cycles of Irish legend, and has gone tion in all books of this kind. " Robert Molent, Earl of Leicester, founded
far to succeed in it. Taking the chief tales Whether even this version of these tales in the reign of Stephen (1140) of Foulelevrond
which centre round the Red Branch of will succeed in bringing them into favour (J^ormaiidy), a Benediction House his wife
;
Ulster, she has so arranged them as to give with the general public remains to be seen. Amice became an inmate of it, died and was
a kind of connected story of the life of The obstacles are many, and even the most buried there."
Cuchullin, to herself the liberty dexterous of translators or adapters cannot It is difficult to extract any meaning
to deal with the material as might seem best altogether remove them. To attempt to do from this sentence. The facts are that the
for the artistic qualities of the whole. The so would be to tread perilously close in the abbey of Fontevraud, Anjou,
celebrated
result has distinct merits of its own. and steps of James Macpherson. Many of the reformed Benedictines, was founded in
of
will doubtless be read with pleasure and details must be tedious to any one who has 1100 by Robert de Arbriscelle that ;
interest by many ; but those who know the not some special reason for being interested Robert, Earl of Leicester, and his wife
subject at first hand will scarcely be pre- in them, and it is no doubt with reason that Avice founded, circa 1155, a priory at
pared to endorse all the laudation which Mr. Yeats anticipates objections to the Nuneaton for nuns of the order of Fonte-
Mr. Yeats here bestows. His praise is at number of " lyrical outbursts." These vraud, and that the advowson of the
times so excessive that there is danger of are certainly a great difficulty. All Gaelic church of Burley, Rutland, was one of the
its exciting in the reader expectations which verse suffers in translation, in a way not early gifts to Nuneaton. But the jumble
may not be realized. What he calls " a easily explained and whatever merits the of the letterpress fails to convey any idea
;
speech beautiful as that of Morris, and a laments of Deirdre, or Cuchullin, or Evir of the facts named. Further on a list is
living speech into the bargain," proves to be may have in their original metrical form given of institutions to the church of Burley ;
no more than a specimen of suitable English can barely survive a rendering into English it begins with this bit of nonsense " 1275. :
style, coloured by a few Irish idioms, some of prose. Yet between a literal prose version Abraham de Sacristor by Prioress and
;
which tend to become tedious by frequent and a very free metrical imitation there is convent of Eaton, i.e. Nuneaton or diocese
repetition. Nothing of value is gained by little choice, and the latter may easily be of Geoffry." And these are but examples
saying " the way that " instead of " so that," even more misleading than the former. of what is to be found in the earlier
or " it is what they said" for " what they That Lady Gregory has completely chapters.
said was." One also misses in some of triumphed over these difficulties, and When, however, the account of the house
the tales the reckless fluency often charac- given the tales of the Red Branch their and its owners begins, which comprises by
teristic of Irish prose, and excellently re- final English form, is probably too much far the greater part of the book, safer ground
produced at times by O'Grady but this
; to say but she has at least produced a is reached, and there is much less flounder-
;
is no doubt due to a deliberate preference book which ought to be welcome to lovers ing. The house of ])urley-on-the-IIill
for a quieter style. of early literatures, and may win for the stands, as its name implies, on a high
The selection and arrangement of the old heroes of Ulster a wider fame than plateau which dominates the little county
tales are, on the whole, satisfactory but ; they have yet enjoyed. of Rutland, and forms the chief landmark
the reader who does not quite realize the for a considerable circuit of the adjacent
force of the sub-title may wonder why there country. In the days of Edward VI. this
is no Cuchullin in the five tales covering Jlistory of Burley-on-the-Hill, Rutland. By estate came by purchase to the Harring-
pp. 82-174. As to the versions adopted Pearl Finch. 2 vols. (Bale, Sons & tons of Exton, and here that great
and the method of dealing with them, there Danielsson.) mansion - builder, John Thorpe, in the
is so much scope for differences of taste that These handsome, well- illustrated volumes days of Elizabeth, built for them a
a definite verdict is not easy to pronounce. are in one sense exceptionally welcome, and house on an imposing scale. The
The two most open to objections are the form a valuable contribution to the com- ground- plan is among Thorpe's collections
stories of the sons of Usnach and the paratively recent history of distinguished at the Soane Museum, a fact of which the
battle of Rosnaree. The latter is severely people and of more than one distinguished writer of these volumes is apparently
curtailed, while in the former Lady Gregory family. They also supply building details, ignorant. Sir John Harrington was a
has abandoned the usual Irish accounts at plans, and many excellent illustrations of favourite of .Tames I., who visited him at
several important points in favour of the a great house of palatial size that has Burley, and created him Lord Harrington.
Scottish ballads and oral versions. It is hitherto escaped any specific description. But shortly afterwards Lord Harrington
certainly true that in these particulars the Nevertheless, any praise that may be sold Burley to George Villier.s, the notorious
Scottish versions are artistically superior to awarded is bound in hone.sty to be mingled Duke of Buckingham, who enriched and
the Irish, but they are undoubtedly less with not a little blame. adorned the house at a great cost, and
original, and have no claim to preference in Perhaps it will be best to bestow the blame entertained here Charles 1. and his queen.
a work of this kind. The modifications first. It is a great pity that the author Wo are told that Ben Jonson's Masque of '
which Lady Gregory has made in the other was not content to give a description of the Gypsies was here first performed, and
'
tales are of less importance, although in the house and its contents, with some that "Bishop Andrews preached several of
some respects they tend to efface the real account of the more recent owners, and his sermons before the king during this
characteristics of Irish story-telling. In extracts from their correspondence ;but a visit." This is a strange double blunder.
some things, perhaps, there might have mistaken ambition led Miss Finch to choose Launcelot AndrowoH died in 102(i; he was
been more excision without serious loss. as a preliminary title '
Burley-on-the-IIill never at Burley in Charles I.'h time, though
Such lists of names, for example, as occur from Saxon Times to the Present Day.' there are records of lii.s having preached at
on pp. 24, 47, 52, &c., are as likely to be The brief account of the early days Burley before King James lioth in 1014 and
skipped as not and a good reason for
; is absurdly meagre, and inadequate for KHG. Bon .lonson's popular 'Mancjue of
omitting them altogether is that proper even a "parish magazine" sort of paro- the Gyjjsios' was performed at Burley in
names are perhaps the greatest obstacle to chial history. Coming at the bpginning, 1G21. It is, however, correct to stato that
a general appreciation of Irish legend. If it forms a most di.stasteful prelude to a it was on this occasion that the famous
the Irish spelling, ancient or modern, is work that has distinct merits in its later dwarf Jeffrey Hudson, " the smallest man
?
of the smallost county ia England," was graceful great iron gates were allowed to what puzzling. On December 29th, 1702,
served up in a pie at tal)le, and presented remain, though rendered somewhat mean- three doctors were called up at 2 o'clock
by the iJucliess of Buckingham to the (iueen. ingless by being deprived of their original in the morning, as the baby was oppressed
Good copies of the two pictures of Jeffrey, adjuncts. with a cold and cough. They ordered him
Among the numerous good plates is a " Rhubarbe and Squills," and on the fol-
one at Hampton Court and the other at
Exton Park, are appropriately given as charming one of the grand or painted stair- lowing day, though they found him better,
case, which is one of the particular features " determined to put him on a blister." In
illustrations.
On assassination of Buckingham, in
tlie of the interior of Burley-on-the-Hill. Full May, 1760, the Prince of Wales and his
H)28, Burley passed to the hands of his son details are included of the grand series of brother Frederick both had the small-
" the witty duke," who served on the royal- tapestries specially woven for Lord Notting- pox nevertheless, later in the same year,
;
ist side during the civil war until after the ham. The thin second volume consists they were both inoculated. In October
battle of Worcester, when he escaped into entirely of " a catalogue of pictures, objects, " the Prince of Wales having a fever he has
exile, and Burloy, captured by the Kound- china, manuscripts, miniatures, &c.," ar- been blooded in the foot since which he bore
heads, was held by them for some time as a ranged according to rooms. It will doubt- very well, though he cried a little at the time.
garrison. Fearing, however, an attack, the less be of value and assistance to the family Prince Frederick was blooded to day, he was
and visitors, but is of little worth otherwise, to have been bled in the foot but it was so fat
occupants set the house and furniture on
they could not feel a vein, so they bled him in
fire, and the Parliamentary forces were as the descriptions are insufficient, and the
the arm."
Avithdrawn. Of this fine house nothing but references to the manuscripts and letters
Fuller simply tantalizing. The royal family, especially the daughters,
the grand range of stables remains.
remarks of Burley that " it was inferior to For the second half of the first volume, had the greatest affection for their governess,
giving a history of the owners of Burley-on- and there are many charming letters from
few for the House, Superior to all for the
Stable, where horses (if their pabulum the-Hill from the time when it left the them to Lady Charlotte in later days. A
hands of the Villiers, we have nothing but joint letter from the Princesses Augusta,
were so plenty as their Stabulum stately)
Every page is of interest, and far Elizabeth, Mary, and Amelia, written from
were the best accommodated in England." praise.
Buckingham's wild extravagance forced the larger portion has not previously been Windsor Castle in October, 1808, expresses
in touching terms " the veneration attach-
him to sell the Burley property, the pur- published, but is gleaned from private
chaser being Daniel, the second Earl of Not- letters and memoranda. The accounts of ment and respect which we feel for you
Heneage Finch, Lord Chancellor, and dearest Lady Cha."
tingham. The present great house, which
was in course of building from 1694 to 1702, Daniel Finch, second Earl of Nottingham, On the death of George, ninth Earl of
cost Lord Nottingham, with the adjuncts are admirably done, and contain a good Winchilsea and Nottingham, the Rutland
and gardens, the then enormous sum of deal that is of historic importance. The house and estates passed to Mr. George
Full and most interesting par- narratives relative to the sons and daughters Finch, the father of Mr. George Henry
80,000/.
ticulars are included of the labour em- of Lord Nottingham yield graphic pictures Finch, M.P., the present owner.
ployed, and the amount of material used, of the social life of families of high standing
together with various plans and memoranda, in the days of Queen Anne and the first
and letters that passed between Lord Georges. History of the City of Rome in the Middle
Nottingham and the agents and contractors. It is much
to be hoped that the diary
Ages. By Ferdinand Gregorovius. Trans-
It is not a little remarkable that among all and letters of Lady Charlotte Finch, daughter lated by Annie Hamilton. Yol. VIII.
the numerous papers and bills connected of the Earl of Pomfret, who was governess to (Bell & Sons.)
with this extensive building no mention is the children of GeorgellL, will some day see The admirers of Gregorovius will find in
made of the architect or designer. The the light in their entirety. Lady Charlotte this, the concluding volume of his magnum
house is built in what is vaguely described was appointed governess to the infant opus, passages of brilliant description and
as " the Italian style of that period." We Prince of Wales in 1762, immediately on sustained eloquence nowise below those
cannot agree with the idea that "Burley his birth, at a salary of 600/. ;the under- which they have been accustomed to read
might reasonably be attributed to Van- governess received 300/., the wet-nurse with keen relish in its predecessors. Never-
brugh, " or to his immediate pupils. There 200/., and the dry-nurse 160/. There was theless, it may be difficult to escape the
is a lack of stateliness and symmetrical considerable state in connexion with the conviction that in extending the history to
grandeur about the house, for which the infant prince. When he was but a month the pontificate of Clement VII. it has been
noble situation cries out it is but a solid
; old Lady Charlotte "went with the Prince unduly prolonged. Remembering that a
and somewhat heavy example of the Anglo- of Wales to take the air with Mrs. Scott, tj^pical humanist like Nicholas V. occupied
Classic school. There is, however, this his nurse, attended by a party of Light the Papal chair in the first half of the fif-
compensation namely, that Burley is far Horse and two grooms and two footmen, teenth century, one must admit that the
more of a substantial dwelling-house than as far as Parson's Green." The diary Middle Ages, even at Eome, had terminated
the ambitious pile of Blenheim or Castle abounds with the description of the little before the end of the first third of the six-
Howard. Pope could never, in fairness, princeling's gorgeous apparel, of which teenth century. In a sense it might be
have written of this great mansion : one example will suffice :
maintained that they were protracted at the
'Tis very fine, " Dec'' 1762. went dressed by 10. in ye seat of the Papacy up to the year 1870, or,
But where d'ye sleep, or where d' ye dine Morning to S' James', to carry the Prince of indeed, that at the Vatican they still exist.
I find from all ye have been telling
Wales to Leinster House, to congratulate the Eome, as known to Gregorovius when he
That 'tis a house, but not a dwelling.
Princess. The Prince was dressed in a pink resided there whilst writing his history,
It must, too, be borne in mind, with, sattin Coat, the petticoat trini'd with a Net of was essentially a mediceval city. It was
regard to the somewhat disappointing silver, on ye Body a fine Brussels Lace Bib,
media3val in its mouldering monuments, its
eSect of this great mass of building, that Tucker, and cuffs. His cap of ye same, and
dilapidated monasteries, and its villas em-
his Coral Thing Pea Green, a Ruby and diamond
the lay-out of the principal front, on bedded in vineyards and neglected gardens.
Rose in his cap, and another on the knob of ye
which much of the dignity depended, was It was mediasval also in its government of
corral thing, his Cloak was Pink Sattin, trim'd
completely ruined by Lord Winchilsea per- as before with Ermin and silver Loops, and his priests and shirri. Perhaps never before
mitting Henry Kepton, the arch-spoiler of cap Pink Sattin covr'd with Silver Net, and a had the world witnessed a state of society
Guch places, to sweep away, in 1795-6, Pea Green Feather fasten'd with four Roses gf in which phantasm and reality were so
terraces, walls,and lodges, to suit his own Rubies and Diamonds." strangely blended. For the dreamer and
notions of what he thought was picturesque. The marvellous dressing of this royal the dilettante nothing could be more delight-
Fortunately, Eepton was notpermittedtohave baby and child affords occasion for many ful than its outward repose, when the
entirely his own way,
for he was of opinion subsequent entries possibly this good lady
;
mornings could be devoted to the galleries
that " there no ingenuity in planting long
is was unwittingly planting the seeds of that and the afternoons spent in rambles amongst
rows of trees and cutting straight lines extravagant love of many-coloured raiment the ruins. But Gregorovius, however strong
through a long wood," and desired to that was so characteristic of the future may have been for him the attractions of
destroy the avenues, making winding rows George IV. down to the time of his death. the outward aspects of Eome, was more
and dotting trees about in imitation of How the prince managed to live through than a dreamer and a dilettante. He was a
nature. Fortunately, too, the beautiful and the medical treatment of the day is some- hater of misgovernment and injustice, and
originators of this system. It would have gained because, in taking Author's Farewell,' at the conclusion of the
The deepest sympathies of Gregorovius up a new work, the author would have history, is a profoundly pathetic document.
were, however, unquestionably centred in been compelled to change his point of view. Writing after 1870, when Germany had
the Middle Ages. It was there he found His censure of the Machiavellian policy of the emerged victorious from her death struggle
his true sources of inspiration. The mystery, Renaissance Popes, their nepotism and cor- with France, he was naturally elated at the
the poetry, the very dogmas evolved in that ruption, might have been equally severe; but fulfilment of all that he had hoped and
nebulous period exercised a strange fascina- if it may be assumed that he would have striven for. The German Empire had been
tion over his imagination. For the intrinsic acquired a clearer knowledge of their springs re-established, and if by Protestant Prussia,
qualities of its art he had a rare and genuine of action, the analysis would have been more so much the more enduring would it stand.
perception, and thus was enabled to com- subtle, the portraits vivified by those strokes The Papacy had fallen, never, as he
prehend the aims and intentions of which make for precision, and definition believed, to rise again; he himself had heard
medifcval artists, so as rightly to appre- would thus have been more lifelike and con- its funeral knell. Italy, which he loved
ciate the merits as well as the limita- vincing. It might have been the same with with genuine devotion, was at last united
tions of their practice. He likewise spared the chapters devoted to the description of and freed from the yoke of the foreigner.
no pains in the endeavour to discover all the Renaissance monuments. These have Here, indeed, was matter for congratulation,
pertaining to the remains of their work. for more than three centuries been dis- yet for rejoicing not unmingled with awe
As he had these gifts and qualifications, cussed by writers who have devoted their and trembling. Possibly this overpowering
it might have been expected that at lives to the study of the subject. Gregorovius good fortune may have brought to his mind
least in his principal undertaking he would had made himself acquainted with all they the legend of Polycrates, and, as an his-
have confined his work within the logical had written, and his artistic perception per- torian, none knew better than he the muta-
limits of its subject. The story of the pon- mitted him to comprehend and assimilate bility of human affairs. He sought refuge
tificates of Alexander VI., Julius II., and their ideas. At the same time, it is evident in the region of ideas, finding solace in
Leo X. naturally afforded material for the that the appealed to his imagination
art itself speculations perhaps too hazy and unsub-
picturesque description in which he emi- in only a modified degree. It did not evoke stantial for many of his readers to care to
nently excelled. Yet there was nothing in in him the same enthusiasm as the more follow. But they will all unite in admira-
the modes of thought or principles of action primitive productions of a less cultivated tion of the unswerving nobility of his aims.
of these imposing figures which was in any age. His description of the masterwork of The most strikingly dramatic event
waymediasval. They were as free from super- Renaissance art appears perfunctory, because recorded in the present volume is, of
stition as the sage of Ferney. Their culture he had not thoroughly realized what were course, the sack of Rome. The consciousness
was that of the Renaissance. They possessed its aims and intentions. He had accepted of his mastery as an historical painter, and
a familiarity with the works of antique art too confidingly the doctrine that the arts the desire to attack a subject requiring
that would have fitted at least one of them reached their highest perfection at periods a canvas of the largest dimensions, may
for the post of director of the richest when the moral and political life of nations perhaps have been among the reasons
museum in Europe. The art they com- was in a decaying state, citing the instances which induced Gregorovius to bring his
missioned and encouraged was the negation of Greece and Rome for antiquity and of work down to a date affording him the
of that of the Middle Ages. Bramante, the Italy and France in modern times, adding, opportunity of displaying his special talent
greatest architect of the period, was the with unconscious irony, " the theory does to the best advantage. No more tremendous
apostle of the classic revival. The artists not hold to an equal degree in the case of catastrophe has occurred in the history of
of the Sistine Chapel, the Appartamento Germany." Europe, none in which the elements of
Borgia, the Loggia of the Vatican, and the In view of the claims to sovereignty the appalling and the grotesque were so
Farnesina Villa prided themselves on over Italy put forth by the German Empire, horribly intermixed. In vivid language the
their emancipation from the thraldom of and the frequent expeditions of the em- historian proclaims that
media) valism. perors into Italian territory, it was perfectly " the sack of Rome in the barbarous times of
All this was, of course, well known to natural that references to Germany should Alaric and Genseric was humane in compariKon
Gregorovius why, then, did he include
;
often occur in the history, and it cannot be to the horrors inflicted by the army of Charles V.
the lives and times of these emphatically said they are obtruded in the narrative
We may recall the triumphal procession of the
Renaissance Popes in his history of Rome it is rather to the prevailing appreciation
Christian religion m the midst of the city
during the Middle Ages plundered by the Goths, but wo can discover
The reason he
':'
from the German point of view that ex-
himself
no such act of piety in the year 1527. Here
assigns is that the Roman ception may be taken. It is in such refer- nothing meets the eye but Bacchanalian troops
ecclesiastical system of the Middle Ages ences as this that Gregorovius betrays his of landsknechts, accompanied by half-naked
continued in existence until it was destroyed chief limitation as an historian namely, his courtesans, riding to the Vatican to drink to
by the German Reformation. But it was want of detachment. He could never forget the Pope's death or imprisonment."
not shattered in Italy by the German Refor- that he was a high priest of the Teutonic quote passages from this tragic
But to
mation, nor, indeed, over large portions of cult, and it is this which occasionally gives chapter would be to convey a faint impres-
Germany itself, and it displayed remarkable his history the air of a colossal political sion of its general effect. To be properly
signs of vitality in Spain and other countries pamphlet. For his own public the appreciated it must be read in its entirety.
in Europe even to our own time. The author might not have
vehement partisanship It only remains to say that Mrs. Annie
admitted that the Middle Ages at Rome scutcheon, and while
been a blot in his Hamilton's rendering of the text is a master-
closed a century before the events recorded
volume
the attitude detracts from the historic value
piece of translation a translation which it
in the present then, he felt called
; if, of the relation, it has much to do with its
is safe to assert would have received
tho
upon to deal with this particular phase of picturesque quality. Gregorovius was at his highest commendation of the illustrious
the history of the Papacy it ought surely to best when describing some highly dramatic author. No loss pleased would ho have
have been in a separate work. His history situation, but he never assisted at it as an been with the handsome presentation of tho
would then have stood forth as a completed impartial spectator. At the same time he volumes, which are in tho good form of
whole, a monument of vast research, of never forgot his position as a literary artist, solid British typography.
steadfast labour, and of profound insight and was ever staunch in upholding the
into a little known, but deeply interesting dignity of his calling. Ho would liave been
period, wherein, if the signs of growth were no boisterous preacher of the gospel of
"
himself by stories of South Africa, which, if The preternatural features in this recital e and i. But sibonga for isibongo can scarcely
they have not had the vogue of ' Allan the oracle given by the dead Lalusini, be allowed to pass, as Ngungundhlovu is, to
''
Mr. Mitford's latest story is a sequel to the native style of narration, are not without before us. For Mr. Belloc is intensely
'
The King's Assegai,' which we remember their charm), and will well repay the initial modern. So he performs the feat of revivi-
reading with great interest some seven effort. The war with the Zulus is now, in fication according to the latest scientific
years ago. Perhaps it suffers from the some respects, ancient history ;
yet, as it method, thereby moving- the spectator to
common weakness of sequels, for we cannot has become more important than ever that ask if any atoms of the original substance
help feeling that it drags a little and ;
we should in some measure endeavour to have survived the process, and, if so, to
this is all the more to be regretted because understand the character and point of wonder to what extent those few resuscitated
it not only, to our thinking, presents view of these and other of our South particles have undergone transformation by
in general a truer view of Zulu life and African fellow-subjects, it is as well to the spiritualizing of that which was natural
character than the books above referred to, revise the verdicts that have passed so long and the raising to glory of that which was
but also aims at doing justice to a man unquestioned, and to perpend such passages sown in dishonour. The sky-blue coat, the
who has been unfairly treated in litera- as these : silk stockings, and the powdered hair are
ture as in life Cetshwayo. The isibongo
"And now, Nkosi, you will remember that almost the only vestiges we can find of the
(quoted on p. 235) recounting among idol of the Commune. There is the excellent
when the King, after this, sent Mundula with
his praises that " he sits still
he is not the an armed force to build a military kraal, there, frontispiece " from a reputed portrait by
first to strike at any man," is a far truer
on that very ground, to keep order among such Greuze," which recalls Madame Poland's
description of him than the lurid accounts as these, your people looked upon it as a menace words : Eobespierre ricanant a son ordinaire
'
'
which persuaded the British public that he to themselves, and cried out that they should be et se mangeant les ongles"; the feline grin,
was a bloodthirsty tyrant, from whom the withdrawn If Cetywayo kept order in his the expression of self-satisfied cunning, agree
Zulus needed to be delivered. We
might own land, you white people cried out upon him with the popular conception of the Jacobin
for what you called his cruelty, and if he did
remai-k, in passing, that Mr. Mitford seems leader but Mr. Belloc charms away these cha-
;
not, then you held him responsible because his Those treacherous eyes to him
to us to have missed the point of this isibongo racteristics.
children molested yourselves."
by translating " he strikes at no man." "But we must return straight to our own bespeak " sincerity " the visage, which to us
;
Kaqali 'niufitu, literally " he does not begin land, and give him our word not to re-enter appears so heavy in its lower portion, dis-
a man," surely means "he is not the first that of the English while the war lasted, unless covers to him "an insufficient development
to strike." openly and under arms with the forces of our of jaw." Carlyle's " sea-green, tallow-green
The story is put into the mouth of King. Incorruptible" becomes conspicuous by
Untuswa, the hero of The King's Assegai.'
' "'And that will be never, O chief captain,' " the delicacy " of his skin, whilst the
In the prologue the narrator describes how I answered, for the " word " of that Black One
'
formation of his forehead
"promising
he meets the old veteran, with his stalwart has been, and always will be, to fight only in grasp and rapid reason, but ignoring the
son Masingana, on the Greytown Eoad. our own land.' and unacquainted with doubt "
mysteries
They formed part of a deputation (probably Cetshwayo's case against the missionaries was we now learn, identical with that " of
the " Great Deputation " of April,1882, is also very fairly stated on pp. 223-4. The all the Bourbons, of Diderot, of Voltaire,
which numbered in all some 2,000 Zulus, is truth about this and other things has long and of Mirabeau " (a craniological likeness
meant) travelling kwa' Rulumenti i.e., to been known to the few who cared to get at between Honore Gabriel Riquetti and Louis
Government House at Maritzburg in order the real facts, but, though stated over and Capet is, indeed, a discovery). Yet, in some
" He saw
to request that their king, then a prisoner over again in print, it has failed to gain a respects, Robespierre was unique.
at Capetown, should be released. " When hearing beyond a limited circle. That it God men of a
Personal, the soul immortal,
are you going to send him back to us ? has penetrated from polemical into general kind with men," words which sound like the
We are children without our father," says literature is something for the fair-minded echo of the homage paid by M. Hamel
the old warrior. to rejoice at. nearly fifty years ago to "the unfortunate and
The story proper is related by Untuswa, " ('Histoire de Robes-
Weown we are somewhat surprised at the illustrious personage
and goes back to the days of King Mpande, estimate of John Dunn put into the mouth of a pierre,' vol. i. p. xiv), to that "just
one
and the " War of the Princes " in 1856, when
native and a devoted follower of Cetshwayo the noblest of the martyrs of humanity,"
Cetshwayo defeated his brother Umbulazi
in a great battle near the Tugela.
while not a word is said about his treacherous distinguished " by deep and tender love of
" one of the greatest good
This, conduct to that chief after the outbreak of his kind," and
however, is only by way of prelude, in order the war, of which a Zulu could hardly fail men that have ever appeared on ea.vih.'^ibid.,
to bring in the death of Lalusini, Untuswa's to be aware. The feeling expressed for him vol. iii. pp. 806-7). Iq fact, this 'Study'
wife, murdered by order of Umbulazi is one of unqualified admiration. may be described as Hamel's elaborate work
in revenge for some of her predictions. Mr. Mitford adheres to the spelling Cetg- epitomized for English readers, and, some
The action is mainly concerned with ivago for which it does not seem possible may think, enlivened by those mixed
and
meta-
the Zulu war, and with some incidents nowadays to find a justification. With phors, those affected, illogical, often
which take placp in the hill-country regard to some other Zulu words, such as incomprehensible rhapsodies, which Mr.
on the Swaziland border during the Inkose, umfane, Amabuna, more usually heard Belloc' mistakes for inspiration.
" ;
noble origin. Mr. Belloc devotes more in March, 1789. In every nation the popu- man pure from any reproach of September
than two pages to the reflection that, lace, however debased, invest their idol that history must regard him." M. Taine
"coming from such a family, Robespierre should with fabulous virtues. In France the tra- thinks differently he shows him in the
;
have left some sequence of admini.stration to ditional object of their veneration had Commune on September 1st and 2nd doing
influence through his posterity or his collateral fallen. Robespierre, a phrase - making his utmost to get Brissot and the Girondins
descendants the new era... .But it is the note of charlatan, exhibited himself to them as the slaughtered.
his life and uf tlie subsequent chances of his incarnation of excellence they fell down and
: And now, as Condorcet has described,
house that his position and his legend were as worshipped him. Day after day his literary " Robespierre is a priest at his house, in the
;
uni(|ue and as exceptional as his character, "itc.
conceit inflicted on the Assembly carefully galleries of the Jacobins, and at the Convention
In he was a bachelor, which was not
short, written orations of "interminable and in- crowds of women hang round him, he gravely
such an exceptional position if, as Mr. flexible monotony." Occasionally he had a receives their adoration he thunders against
;
Alger declares, "the majority of the the rich and great this revolution of ours is a
good text, as when he spoke on behalf of the ;
French leaders were celibates or child- religion and Robespierre is leading a sect
aged and dispossessed priests, or declared therein."
less husbands" ('Glimpses of the French the king to be " le premier commis de la
Eevolution,' p. 170). The Incorruptible's His goal for the time was the destruction of
nation," or moved that ruinous self-denying
the Gironde and the death of the king.
legend grows still more unique when he ordinance which forbad the re-election of " He determined to be the Lector of the
is found to lack "the sudden powers that
the members of the Assembly, or, again,
belong to men whose fires have draught republican world," we are told, but it is
when he demanded the abolition of capital rather as the Lictor that he appears in
to them" when he is described as "errone-
;
punishment. Indeed, this last step was
ously identified" with the movement of those January days when he declared :
it was from the tribune of the Jacobins Gironde, Robespierre stood aloof from those
knowing well that every one around him
that Robespierre denounced the monarch hostile demonstrations to which the mis-
did the same." As for
as a deserter and a traitor, exclaiming management of the war exposed the Roland
"the problem of his career you can solve it courageously enough " This would be the
:
ministry in March, 179.'3. Nor did he assist
only by standing where his own soul stood,
most glorious day of the Revolution did you in the forging of "the Republic's most un-
looking out with his own pale eyes to see the
but know how to profit by it." But when republican instruments," the Revolutionary
bodiless world stretched on one unsupported
truth, and feeling in yourself, as you read, that a month later Lafayette stamped out the Tribunal and the Committee of Public
proximity of fixed conviction to organic weak- insurrection of the Champ de Mars and Safety. But we think that a more active
ness which he knew to be his compound and panic seized the redoubtable club Madame part than Mr. Belloc is inclined to allow
which determined the whole of his life." Roland records " Je ne connais pas d'effroi
:
was taken by Robespierre in those events of
Unfortunately Mr. Belloc does not tell us comparable a celui de Robespierre." It is June 2nd which placed him at the summit
what was that miraculous unsupported truth significant that, though M. Hamel and Mr. of his ambition (Hamel, vol. ii. p. 712).
perhaps he did not care to put himself in the Belloc impugn the lady's veracity, neither The following month Danton was succeeded
position necessary to discover it. For the of them cares to cite her statement. It is in the Committee by Robespierre, who, with
rest, "the thing in which Robespierre was also curious to find the latter gentleman his satellites Couthon and St. Just, hence-
wrapped up was an idea of fulfilling justice," ascribing the fall of the monarchy to the forth formed the Triumvirate. The Reign
and " he had in his mind an impregnable king's personal cowardice in presence of of Terror had begun. In view of "the
fortress wherein he preserved his convictions a mob :"he was more afraid of it than are little shrine" in which the Incorruptible
unalterable." These " convictions," or even landsmen of the sea." Now there are "kept his principles hard as diamonds,"
"principles," or "legend," or "ritual," or landsmen and landsmen, but the stolid the apology Mr. IBelloc now makes for his
" one formula of one department of enquiry" demeanour of Louis and his ravenous hero seems to us curious. A crisis, ho
was the creed promulgated by Rousseau, appetite on those occasions are traditional. remarks, had come; "the man who would
according to which On that April day, 1791, he and his family appear to govern" must yield to it. Danton,
" the whole community was to be manifestly remained in the carriage for hours beset by the stronger man, fled; Robespierre, the
and explicitly the Sovereign the executive was
;
a raging populace, though he might at once weaker man, yielded, because he feared to
to become openly and by definition its servant have stepped back into the Tuileries. lose the popularity which gave him the
the limits of individual liberty were to be "It is nearly always true of the great aspect of that complete power of which ho
enlarged till they met for boundary the general days of the Revolution that they leave was enamoured, but which he never
liberty of all." Robespierre behind." So it was when the possessed. " Pressed by the worst of licence,
By adherence to this dogma Robes-
strict disasters to the national arms brought forth for the moment an unwilling slave of
pierre evolved the Terror the argument the tumults of June 20th and July 1 1th, Herbert (?) and his madmen, he was yet
might bring Jean Jacques himself to life 1792. So w^as it also on August 10th when if he was to call himself the master bound
again. "the nation took the throne, the orb and to go with the flood." The blood of the
With his mediocre talent how did this the lilies, and in the lodge behind the queen and of the Gironde was demanded ;
dapper little lawj'er contrive, during the screen that veiled him, the face of the last he yielded :
height of the "Contrat Social" frenzy, to king was blotted out" (how about Louis "A call from the sunlight came up north-
reverse its decrees, to make himself " ex- XVIIL, Acy), for this "was a supreme ward to [the (iirondiiis] and glorified their end.
plicitly the Sovereign," and to use the action, and Robespierre was so much the It was already the time of the vintage. The
vineyards by the great river were full of
executive, the great committee, as his slave 'r" negation of action," &c., &c., that he
;
The Terror was not an anarchy, but a cannot dawn till we have all risen together, we
despotism adopted by ignorant rulers as the Mark Twain's new story makes an un- poor ones, we loving ones of the earth until ;
quickest way of obtaining the unification of comfortable impression on the reader. One we have struck out for our rights, until the
power necessary to defend the country from cannot help thinking that the great joke tyrannical, the poisonous luxury of our age is :
"
its foreign invaders. However, Mr. Belloc of the story lies in the fact that there is dead I
clearly proves that in spite of the Com- none. The book can be read pleasantly The book is distinctly interesting and full of
mune Kobespierre "by an alliance with enough as it passes from one absurdity thoughtful passages which show genuine
Danton would have been able at one moment to another, with its characteristic quips insight into the feminine mind "It was :
to [stay the scourge] and let France slip and racy turns of expression, but one no use keeping my attention to the good
back into the normal." His intimate friend feels at the end that one ought to study qualities he possessed nerves in revolt do
;
Camille Desmoulins asked him, in the J'ieux it all through again to find out what it
not recognise qualities, but only antipathies
Cordelier, "why the word Pity should have is driving at. To enjoy a comic story one and sympathies."
become a crime in the Republic," and likes to be on confidential terms with the
immediately "the Terror began to surround writer. One likes laughing, but hates being
Camille." Presently Danton sealed his fate laughed at. With such an old friend as McGlusky. By A. G. Hales. (Treherne
by inquiring of Robespierre why there were Mark Twain, however, it is pleasanter to & Co.)
still so many victims, " Royalists and con- assume one's own dulness than to imagine The person of the title of this delectable
spirators I can understand, but those who that one is being taken in. narrative was a " Scot - Australian,"
It is easy to be
are innocent ? " The destruction of the mildly amused at the introduction of Sher- whose habits were those of an ill-trained
Hebertists was achieved March 21th. Early lock Holmes in the character of a perfect bull-terrier, and whose manners were some-
in April Robespierre in like manner accom- fool, but in justice to Mark Twain's reputa- what disgusting. When he was sober his
plished the extermination of the Indulgents, tion it must be said he is not at his best conversation had the twang of the camp-
including his friends Danton, Desmoulins, even here. In the rest of the story the meeting revivalist or hedge-parson, compli-
and Lucille Desmoulins. hand of the master is not easy to recognize. cated by the dialect which novelists have
To sanctify further crime by religious invented for their Lowland Scotch heroes.
charlatanry, to pose as the Messiah of a new Why a native-born Australian should have
sect and to take the leading role in that The Neio By Percy White.
Christians. spoken in the accepted tongue of the " kail-
comic opera, the Feast of the Deity, was & Co.)
(Hutchinson yard" we cannot say but he does it in this
;
rendered easy to him by the folly and de- book, even when the author has carefully
The author may be congratulated on another explained that he was speaking in a mixture
votion of such fanatics as Catherine Theot and
very readable study of modern manners. of Dutch and the Basuto language, and
Dom Gerle. Two days later, moved by his The soft, self-pleasing high priest of the addressing naked savages. But Mr. Hales
ruling passion, "an idea of fulfilling justice,"
he decreed the negation of all justice by the
New Christians is no mere Sludge the would appear to be in far too great a hurry
medium, nor does the estimate of him as
law of the 22nd Prairial. His object, we to trouble about verisimilitude, or, for that
are told, was " to impose the pure Republic
"a curate with a turn for conjuring"
matter, any of the canons that rule litera-
upon the nation and
exactly meet his case. He is not always, ture. His practice of dragging his con-
to end the Terror."
nor altogether, a charlatan, though he con-
However, he failed because when he ob- temporaries into intimate relation with his
sciously fools such enthusiasts as Mrs.
tained this decree which was "to make characters in such narratives as that of
Galbraith (who, in spite of her mysticism,
the Committee as absolute as a con-
'
McGlusky is in very questionable taste.
'
(Putnam's Sons.)
general level of the dialogue. Some de-
a week." the story of John Brown,
scriptive passages, as that where the Mr. Hubbard tells
Animated, but lengthy and
confused, is not a good plan to
widowed Octavia Lee visits the country but forgets that it
is the author's description of the revolt Troy from Leda's eggs.
churchyard, are in a vein we have not begin the tale of
of the Convention against this " prin- wearied long before the point
hitherto reckoned among the author's The reader is
cipal opponent of the Terrorists," of his
endowments. is reached where the story ought to begin.
abject but vain appsal to the Mountain
Mr. Hubbard does not possess the art of
for protection amid the shouts of " Dawn
telling a story effectively. He is too apt to
;
be led away by jocularity that oae does not not to be confounded with "picturesque" released wo bolieve he went on with his
want, and by sententiousness that is merely writing. Mr. Ball is a little disposed to be improvements, but the treatment he had
commonplace. fiowery at times, and it is a tendency to be received was not likely to make him feel
severely repressed but he has shown great
; favourably towards the Protectoral Govern-
patience and industry in collecting his ment. Mrs. Ciiminson furnishes a pleasing
ni'sitation Sentlmentale. By I'Auteur de
nuxterials, and if ho can complete his parochial
Amitie Amoureuse.' sketch of Medmcnham Abbey, aiul Mr. H. H.
'
(Paris, Calmann- annals with a general historical outline his Ilarcourt Smith's paper on Hampden House is
Levy.) work will rank high among its follows. Such interesting.
TuE author of '
Amitie Amoureuse
puts
out his present novel as suitable for j'oung
' an introduction ought to take note of geo-
logical and other changes incarly times, which
A Histovii of Strclfonl. By H. T. Crofton. /
Vols. I. and H. (Chetham Society.) The first
ladies. We
do not, on the whole, approve arc here completely passed over. The illus-
of these volumes was issued by the Cliethani
trations are unequal in merit, but unquestion-
its tone, and it contains at least one passage
ably useful. Wo cannot say much for the Society in 1899 and the second in 1901. A
which well-brought-up girls would rightly third A'olume will eventually complete the
choice of type and format. The reproduction
think nasty. of the Ordnance map is inadequate. What w'ork. Mr. Crofton has shown considerable
pains in collecting material from a variety of
is wanted is a series of historical maps, show-
LOCAL HISTORY. \ ing divisions of lands and estates.
Nearly all the papers in Memorials of Old
sources, much of it being original. The first
volume opens with a sketch of the early history
of Stretford, the important township and
"^
A Histonj of tlic Coiiniij Dtihlin. Bj' Francis BiickuKjlicDnshiye, edited by P. II. Ditchficld
Elriugton Ball. Part I. (Dublin, Thorn.) chapelry of the great parish of Manchester.
(Bemrose & Sons), are too sketchy to be of
It was quite time that a new history of value, and some have been so carelessly com-
The account of tho waterways, from the
Mersey and Irwell navigation scheme of 17:^0,
Dublin county should be written. ]\Iaterials piled as to obscure rather than augment such
have been accumulating rapidly by the dis- and the Bridgewater Canal from Worslcy to
knowledge as the reader may already possess.
^^ery, indexing, or publieation'-of a large Manchester of 17G1, down to the Manchester
For example, in one place we are told that Ship Canal of 1891, is well and succinctly told.
dumber of historical documents, and although Thomas Scott, the Regicide, who was at one
the actual archaeological remains arc not very The village chapel of Stretford probably
time member of Parliament for Aylesbury,
numerous or striking, they have received more originated in a domestic oratory for the Traf-
retired into Buckinghamshire to end his days,
scientific notice of late years, and we probably ford family and their tenantry at an early date,
whereas nothing can well be more certain than though there is no definite record of a separate
know as mixch about them as is to be known. that he was among those hanged at Charing
Mr. Elrington Ball has contributed papers on chapel until the time of Henry IV. A chantry
Cross soon after the Restoration. In another
the history of the county to the Pvoceedincjs was founded in this chapel by Sir Ednuuid de
place Louis XVIII. is confounded with
of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Trafford in 1513, and there was curious litiga-
Charles X., for we are actually informed
and these, together with two articles by the tion about tho chantry lands in Elizabethan
that after his return as a consequence of
late Prof. Stokes, form the groundwork of the days. After the Reformation the fellows of
Waterloo, Louis was once more driven from
present volume. Mr. Ball is a careful and the Collegiate Church of Manchester were
the throne " by another of the many revolu-
laborious investigator, and has made full use supposed to serve the cure of Stretford, but
tions for which France is famous." There are,
of the rich collections in the Irish Public in 1573 the fellows so neglected their duties
however, a few favourable exceptions to the dull in this and the six other chapelries that the
Eecord Office, the Koyal Irish Academj', and mediocrity of the greater part of the volume.
the library of Trinity College, Dublin, besides queen's commissioners ordered them to keep
Lady Verney's paper on 'Claydon House and the residence and admonished them for remissness.
the manuscripts in the British Museum and Vcrncys is a very pleasant memoir of an old
'
Bodleian and, of course, he has the Rolls The transitional state of religion even twenty
;
and stately mansion, and gives information not years later in Lancashire, and the difficulty of
publications, cliartularics, fiants, calendars, to be found, so far as we can call to mind, in
and eradicating the old ideas from the minds of
incxuisitions at his fingers' ends. He has her Memoirs of the Verney Famil3\' There
'
also made a study of the Dublin newspapers of the people, are strikingly illustrated by a docu-
is a short account of some of the pictures at
the last two centuries and of a considerable ment issued in 1590, signed bj' seventeen
Claydon which is interesting among them is
;
preachers, and headed 'The Manifolde Enor-
range of literature bearing on his subject. one of Mrs. Turner, the introducer of the once
The result is a mass of valuable and accurate mities of the Ecclesiastical State in most partes
famous yellow starch, and another of Sir
information ou the history and archieology of of the Countie of Lancaster.' The second
Edmund Verney, the royal standard-bearer, signatory is Oliver Carter, the most earnest
the eastern or coast part of the county, extend- who fell at Edge Hill, both of them historical
ing from Blackrock to Killiney, and roughly of the Manchester fellows, who at this period
characters, but in all things else widely
divided from the western part bj' the Dublin sometimes preached at Stretford. The enor-
different. Sir Ralph, his successor, led an
and Wicklow railway line. This first instal- mities included such matters as the observance
unhappy life though in religion a Church of
;
of fasts and festivals, erecting crosses in the
ment of the new history thus includes Monks- England man, he was a political Puritan
town, with its castle and ruined church streets and highways garnished with candles,
during the early stages of the war, but his the use of beads and private praj'ors in church,
Kingstown or Dunleary, and Bullock Castle moderation soon caused him to fall under sus-
Kill o' the Grange, Killiney, andRochestown
;
the devout use of the " popish chrism," and
picion. He was for some time an exile on the
Dalkeyand its island church besides Carrick-
;
ridiculing and disturbing the authorized
;
Continent. When lie returned he had two church services. It was further stated that
mines, Leopardstown, and Stillorgan.
those who are resident in the county or
To
great objects in life to pay off his father's the churches were generally ruinous, unre-
debts and to make beautiful his home and its paired, and wanting in things decent and
familiar with it the abundant details col- surroundings. He laid out pleasure grounds,
ic-ted by Mr. Ball will be of the greatest necessary, because the parishioners would not
planted trees in great numbers, and we hear contribute and that the chapels of case,
interest. Of course, like all county histories, of many goodlj' English flowers and pot-herbs
;
the interest is necessarily somewhat local, and which were three times as numerous as tho
being supplied for the gardens. Claydon House parish churches, were destitute of curates,
we think Mr. Ball has unduly emphasized this when he came back to it had Ijecome A'ery " many of them supplied with leude men,
characteristic liy dividing his l;ook into dilapidated he restored it in a most effective
parishes and treating each parish separately.
;
and some bare readers." William Hodgkin-
manner, according to the taste of the time. son, curate of Stretford, seems to have
There is thus no attempt to give a collective The roofs and window casements were especially
view of the development of the county, but l)ecn one of those lewd men at all events, :
out of order. His desire evidently was to in 1381 he was presented at an episcopal
each fraction is taken in detail. We hope it lead the life of a free-handed country gentle-
is Mr. Ball's intention, when the whole work visitation for keeping an alehouse. A
man, but he was careful to avoid waste; he new church was built in 1812, but Stretford
is done, to prefix a general introduction possessed a most trustworthy housekeeper, only ceased tol)ea chai)elry (gaining promotion
which will gather together the salient features who suffered many things at the hands of the
of the parochial history and give a bold out- to parochial rank) in 1851. In the church are
workmen. She says that all of them " do so four silver-headed warden staves, two of which
line of the changes that have come over the
worry me for drinke that tho' I many times are marked "Stretford, 1719," and the other
county. From stray notices here and there it
anger them, and hourly vex myselfe, yet we two "St. Matthew's Church, Stretford, 1812."
is evident that he has a good grasp of
the con- spend a great dealc of beer 3 barrells the
ditions, whether in the pre-Dissolution days
;
One of the uses to which thcsestavcs were put
last weeke." Those were not the days of is thus described by an old gentleman who was
when most of the lands descril>ed belonged to contract work, and in the great houses down
the Cistercian Abbey of St. Mary's or to the warden w'lien the new church was built:
to the end of the eighteenth century it was a
Augustinian canons of tlie Holy Trinity (Christ "On most fine Sunday uaorniDgB we left our pew
custom to give beer to any one who asked for at the earliest moment consistent with decency, and
Church), or in the later times when theChureli While this happy work was going on a
it. leisurely i)eramliiiliite(l the vill;iKe, iiippecting tho
property was distributed among Court or great change came over Sir Ralph's fortunes. variouspublic-hoiisfs, ami satisfying ourselves that
Roundhead favourites. To make these phases In the summer of KJ.w he was arrested and there were no thirsty poultry at 'Tiie Cock,' and
of past history live before the readei-'s I'isliop Bla/.e had recovered from his week
London. Royalists were
'
carried away to
eyes tliftt
no doubt demands higher powers than those of revels. One*', witii my three co]lenKU(;s. we rapped
plotting all over the country, and he was sus-
at the door of 'Tiie lalliot' with our silver-headed
the investigator. It needs the proper and
restrained use of the historical imagination
pected unjustly, we believe of countenan- staves and demanded ndmiBsioi). When the door
cing tiieir designs. He was kept in prison so was at length fnitivdy opened, the maid, evidently
which has nothing to do with fiction and is long as seriously to injure his healtli. ^^|len new to l.er work, held uji both liandji in pious
was instructed "to keep his dogg either documents of Somersetshire begin in 1647 the ;
part of the first volume is taken tyed or mussilled and to begin to doe the earliest cited printed county paper in these
The greater
up with extracts from the Strotford registers, same in ten days time." At the same period volumes is dated 1817. Should an appendix
which begin in irj'.)8. Thoy are of no special George Kobinson fared worse, for he was ever be issued to these laborious volumes, it
or remarkable interest, save to genealogists ordered by the last "either to hang his would be well to overhaul the county muni-
or those in search of family details. To such dogg or otherwise to dispose him out of the ments.
extracts are only tantalizing. It would have Town."
been better cither to give the registers ver- BibliothecaSomersetensis. ByEinanuel Green, ORIENTAT^ LITERATURE.
batim or to condense their description F.S.A. 3 vols. (Taunton, Barnicott&Pearce.) The Lament of Bdbd Tuhir. The Persian
into a few pages. The second volume con- Mr. Green, a well-known Somersetshire Text edited, annotated, and translated by
sists of churchwardens' accounts, manorial antiquary, is to be congratulated on having Edward Heron - Allen, and rendered into
records, and vestry minutes. The earliest undoubtedly produced the best and most English Verse by Elizabeth Curtis Brenton.
book of the wardens of Stretford Chapel begins thorough county bibliography that has yet (Quaritch.)
Baba, Tfihir was a wandering
in 1717. A vote of the inhabitants was taken been issued. It should serve as a model for dervish, or, in Mrs. Brenton's phrase, a "Fanatic
in February, 1718, when it was decided "that others engaged in or contemplating like work Tramp," of whom virtually nothing is known
the chapel shall bo taken down and sufficiently
rebuilt." The actual money expended on
for other counties.
The arrangement is except and even this is uncertain that he
alphabetical, under author's name where lived about the middle of the eleventh century.
unroofing and pulling down the old building possible, otherwise under the first noun of His quatrains, some sixty in number, which
was only I'Js. id. The precise particulars of the title. A comprehensive index of about are written in the dialect misnamed Pehlevi-
the expenditure on the new chapel are some- one hundred pages, with three columns to the Musulman, and may be described as lyrie
what curious and worth giving in full but ; page, is also given, so that speedy reference epigrams of divine love, are still chanted all
we should have thought that various other to that which is required is rendered certain. over Persia to the accompaniment of the lute.
extracts and later details from the vestry The index has been severely tested without Notwithstanding their mystical tendency, they
minutes were scarcely of sufficient interest, detecting a single failure. The strict alpha- are distinguished by an artless naivete and
or of enough A-aluc to justify publication by betical arrangement has only been departed directness recalling the hymns of Novalis, and
the Chetham Society. Manorial records, if from in one instance. The books on Bath contrasting delightfully, in this respect, with
well edited or faithfully transcribed, are were found to be so very numerous that much that ranks higher in Persian poetry. It
always of value. Unfortunately those that they have received separate treatment, and seems unlikely that Omar Khayyam was in-
are preserved of Stretford are of no occupy nearly the whole of the first volume. fluenced by his vagabond predecessor. Both
particular age. The two volumes that Of printed sermons the compiler takes a men drew their ideas and symbolism from the
remain of the proceedings of the Stret- low estimate, and uses his opportunity to show Sfifi theosophy, and the form (though not the
ford Court Baron date from 1700 to 1733, and a considerable theological bias on matters metre) of their verse is the same. Here
from 1782 to 1872. A good many of the concerning which he is singularly ill informed. the resemblance ends. Omar had a penetrat-
later entries, which are mere repetitions as to The preacher at the consecration of Bishop ing intellect, Baba Tahir was a crazy saint.
opening ditches and repairing fences, seem Montague in 1608 "ventured boldly to defend The one loved passionately, the other indulged
scarcely worthy of the attention of a society the office and function of bishops, and claimed in a Platonic attachment. We do not find in
whose business it is to print the "historical further for them a divine right or origin." Baba Tahir audacious wit, mocking satire, and
and literary remains of the palatine counties Mr. Green actually adds to this, " So novel a carpe diou conclusions any more than we find in
of Lancaster and Cheshire," but there are doctrine caused a great commotion." He is Omar the childlike devotion and simple piety
many interesting gleanings as to the eighteenth also of opinion that the first nonconformity which utter themselves in this stanza :
century. In 1701 the court ordered "persons was produced by the Act of Uniformity, appa-
having doles in the Bradley Sixteen Butts Happy are they indeed whose Friend is God,
rently unaware of the continuous legislation Who, giving thanks, say ever, " He is God! "
and Mear to sett meare stones in their accus- for a century before that date against Happy are they who always are at prayer.
tomed places." Fines were frequent for such Recusants of various persuasions, a term Eternal Heaven is their just reward.
offences as "overcharging," that is, over- which was the equivalent of Nonconformists. It must not, however, be supposed that Baba
stocking the common lands for turning
; The introduction to so substantial a work Tahir was an illiterate who sang but as the
horses into the Eye before Michaelmas Day ; of reference ought not to be marred by the linnet sings. He was well versed in, and gave
for tiirning cattle into the Eye after March insertion of the author's individual and admirable expression to, the subtleties of
11th ; for turning out diseased cattle or somewhat crude views. It would have been Siiflism e.g., the paradox of the indwelling of
horses; for carrying "sprinklings" (horse- better if it had been exclusively of a typo- God in the soul could hardly be put better than
droppings) off the Lord's Lane and for
; graphical and historical character. As con- it is here :
ploughing up the byland between one dole siderable attention is given in these open- It my Sweetheart is my heart, how shall I name her ?
and another. When James Green is entered ing pages to the legislative curtailment of the And if my heart is my Sweetheart, whence is she named ?
as fined " for moving part of the Irons bank a freedom of the press, it is a pity that Mr. The two are so intimately interwoven that
I can no longer distinguish one from the other.
second time over, contrary to custom," it is Green did not study his subject a little more
to be supposed that "mowing" is intended. closely. It is stated that "the restrictions Mr. Heron-Allen, though greatly indebted, as
The jurisdiction of the court was wide and against the press were allowed to expire in he acknowledges, to M. Huart, who published
varied. In 1701 Samuel Johnson was fined 1695"; but nothing is said as to the re- the text and translation of these quatrains in
3s. 4(?. "for a bloodwipe on William Hatton," imposition of restrictions a little more than a the Journal Asiatique (1885), and to Mr. E. G.
that is, for a blow that drew blood. An entry century later, when certificates and licences Browne, has performed a useful service in sup-
of the following year shows that "an Assault were required by the owner of any printing plying an apparatiis o-iticus derived from
made in the highway and in the night-time, press, even if such a press did nothing more various sources. His prose rendering is toler-
contrary to the custom of this manner," was than print a few commercial labels. This ably exact, and we can affirm with confidence
subject to the double penalty of Gs. 8d. In action was a serious impediment to provincial that the notes on the language leave little to
the case of some stolen wood being found, and printing, especially of curious tracts and be desired the explanatory notes are few and
;
the owner unknown, the jury adjudged that it pamphlets. Notwithstanding, however, its not full enough, but a complete interpretation
belonged to the lord of the manor. Felling- blemishes and omissions, Mr. Green's intro- would have been out of place in a book which
trees without the consent of the lord was a duction is useful and valuable as giving a does not profess to be purely scientific. None
finable offence thus in 1705 the felling of two
;
general survey of the style and nature of local the less it is a creditable piece of work, and we
poplars without licence was amerced at 10s., literature, with a cursory notice of the fore- feel justified, therefore, in offering a few sug-
and of an ash at Is. The fines in this and other most Somerset authors. The Bibliotheca
' gestions for its improvement. Dilviin (iy. 2) is
'
cases were evidently apportioned according might surely be improved in one direction. from ddr, tree there is no tree called da.yvan\
;
to the circumstances of the offender. On the It is of rather particular interest to note the and navvan, which Mr. Heron-Allen seems to
other hand, the court had power of felling date or dates at which the quarter - session be thinking of, is against the metre. In viii.
in certain cases. On February 5th, 1705, authorities of different counties began to use the rhyme-word tmfin is probably dialectical
Thomas_ Moss was ordered to fell the poplar printing for their lists of prisoners, tables of for (hum. XI. is an exhortation to the soul
at the side of his house as a common nuisance
; fees, or balance sheets of the county treasurer. to cast off her "fleshly dresse " and return to
as the tree was still standing on May 23rd| In Derbyshire theprinting of oneclass of county God. The epithet in xxx. 1 is perhaps ndznhi,
he was fined lO.s. The Court Baron of Stret- documents began in 1760, and of another in lovely. We should translate xliv. 4, "Wilt "
ford objected to dogs, and frequently legis-
1783. Moreover, there are usually for every thou not tell me why my head is turning?
lated with regard to their lives or their county a large number of recognizance forms, i.e., why I am distraught. Mr. Heron- Allen
control. In 170i two Stretford men were flax and hemp papers, apprentice bonds, has mistaken the meaning of Iviii. The poet
ordered "to tye up or clogg every various curious licences and permits, as well is not asking for a longer life (the last thing a
hound they keep within this township." as militia balloting forms, all printed locally, Sufi would do in any circumstances), but for
In the following year James Gee was many of an unexpectedly early date. This his sins to be forgiven. M. Huart's explana-
ordered to keep his dog at home or make class of printed matter seems to have been tion of the fourth line is correct. The sense
away with him within a month under penalty ignored by Mr. Green, though of a uoteworthy is, " Forgive me. Thou hast seen my sins, but
,
we congratulate on his enterprise. one or two exceptions, to the left of the 148G and again in the Valor Ecclesiasticus of
Portsmouth Koad but, save for a chapter on
;
Henry VIII. it is Martyrhill" parish of" in
NoHvelles Rechevclies sur les Cliams. Par
the former year, in the later it is valued with
Antoine Cabaton. (Paris, Leroux.) The Farnham, and trips to Sutton and Newark,
that is all that artist and author have Newark Priory on Speed's map (IGIO) it is
;
power, wealth, and institutions of the Cham
people were celel)rated by Marco Polo. " At honoured with their attention. We must St. Martin's
a form of which there is at least
leave it to them to make their peace with one other instance in the Shipmoney assess-
;
the present time," says M. Cabaton,
Walton, Weybridge, Chertsey, Woking, Chob- ment of 1G;U it is again St. Martha. Lastly, in
~'scattered in Annam, at Cambodge, and in some ham, and the other districts they have or about 1780 Gough, supplementing Camden,
parts of Siam where the^- liave been carried as tells us it is " miscalled St. Martha instead of
neglected, merely pointing out that when
captives, tbe remnant of the Chams are in such a
state of decadence that their disappearance cannot they are on the prowl again they will find no Sanctorum Martyrum dedicated to St. Martha
;
be long delayed, whatever may be done to avert it." lack of material in these also for pen and et omnibus Martyribus." On the whole, then,
pencil. Surrey has, as was natural, been as it would seem as if St. Martha had tiie best
This forecast is fully borne out by the author's title after all, for Gough gives no authority
much written about as any county in England,
account of their religious ceremonies, which is for his statement, and St. Thomas has, as one
and more is on the way. But there seems to
not only /e//.v opportunitatr, but extremely may say, not so much as a look in.
be still room for critical investigation. A Verifica-
valuable in itself, as he has derived his infor- tion, we can assure Mr. Thompson, is the first
curious instance of the way in which one
mation from native sources. After giving a and last duty of the antiquarian writer. Even
writer is content to follow another, and of the
list of their divinities, male and female, whose in recent matters it is not out of place, for the
ease with which a conjecture will pass into
names are corruptions of Arabic and Indian most trustworthy guide may go astray. Thus
an accepted article of faith, is to be found in
titles or formula', he describes their priests
the talk about the so-called " Pilgrims' Way." Mr. Thompson makes use more than once of
and priestesses, the religious festivals, the the Dictionary of National Biography.' From
Every modei'u writer on Surrey, from Mr. '
funeral rites, and the principal nstcnsiJes dii that source, doubtless, ho has taken the infor-
^laldeu in the new volume of the great
culte. Some useful remarks on the language, a mation that Matthew Arnold "was buried in
*
Victorian County History to the compiler
'
motley jargon of which the foundation is Malay, the same grave with his son and the tomb-
of the last popular guide-book, has something
introduce a series of ritual texts accompanied stone bears the inscription, Awake thou Lute
to say on the subject. The one thing none '
by translations and native commentaries. and Harp, I myself will awake right early.' "
of them will tell us is how they know that
M. Cabaton observes that his researches there is any "Pilgrims' Way." Of course, in As he would have seen if he had gone to Lale-
" ne sont qu'un essai, et je me suis borne
:\ livrer one sense, every road in England by which ham, neither statement is correct. The graves
des documents sans avoir la pretention de resoudre any shrine could be reached was a "Pilgrims' are contiguous, and while the son's bears the
d'obscurs probl6mes. L'importance historique de inscription given, that on the father's is quite
ces documents, d'ailleurs tous inedits, n'est pas
Way"; but why a particular road or roads
(for the authorities do not seem sure whether different. The meaning of a statement that
douteuse."
it ran at the top or the bottom of the hill,
" Claremont is obviously the scene of Jane
All those who are interested in the languages or half-way up) near Guildford should bear Austen's 'Enmia'" wo cannot divine. The
and religions of the far East will thank M. this title no one, so far as we have ever seen,
" clericus hujus ecclesiie " who puzzles Mr.
Cabaton for the abundant material which he has yet explained. The road in question taps Thompson at Nutficld by being in laj' costiune,
has provided, and will appreciate his clear with a wife by his side, was, we should sug-
a thinly peopled district, with Salisbury Plain
and orderly method of presenting it. The and the New Forest close by to the west. gest, the parish clerk. We hope Mr. Thomp-
volume may be recommended also to students Mr. Maiden's "crowd of pilgrims from son will not think we have been unduly
of folk-lore and comparative religion, who will censorious. His book is as good as the
Winchester and Southampton" (why South-
find it
creased by a
suggestive. Its attractiveness is in- ampton ? Normandy and Brittany cannot average of popular illustrated topographical
number of photographs and have furnished many, and the rest of the books. But there is so much interest nowa-
drawings. Continent would surely have preferred a days in local history and the like, and so much
shorter sea passage, in days when there was material is now accessible, that it would seem
In the work entitled Fiinf neue ctvahische
no Chatham and Dover to deter) can hardly quite worth while for some one to go a little
Landschaftnumcn im Alien Testament {BcrUn,
have been very imposing. When, again, does beyond what has passed muster hitherto, and
Eeuther & Reichard) Prof. Kcinig discusses
the name first appear ? Here our authorities produce a work on the scale of the present
the identification of certain Biblical place and
are vague. " Tlie road to which the crowd of which should be at once pleasant to read, as
tri be names proposed by Hommel and Winckler this is, and trustworthy as a book of reference
whose somewhat revolutionary theories are pilgrims gave the name," says Mr. Maiden;
" the Pilgrims' Way, the name given later to for those whose -means will not reach to great
effectively criticized. He does not, we an ancient British track," is Mr. Thompson's books like the Victorian History.'
'
and important. Among the other names inquiry to the next Surrey topographer, in the Alpine chain lies in Swiss territory, or that
hope that he may be more convincing than his tiie Alps occupy little more tlian half the area
examined are Asshurim (Genesis xxv. 3)^
predecessors. Closely connected is another of Switzerland. Their knowledge of its con-
A'shur, a Xorth Arabian tribe, and Sihor
pious opinion which seems on the high road to stitution as a rule seldom exceeds tiiat of the
generally referred to the Nile or one of
its become a dogma. Most persons wlio know writer who, in an article which wo once read,
canals, but identified by Hommel with
Wadi anything of "picturesque Surrey" know tiie in a review that is notiiing if not well
Sirh;'in, in the Syrian desert. .\n excursus is
oliurch of St. Martha, near Guildford. Mr. informed, spoke of "the curious division of
devoted to the rivers of J'aradise mentioned
Thompson, as may be supposed, docs not over- the country into cantons "; asone miglit speak
in Genesis ii. 10-14. We liope that this book look it. We do not quite make out whetiier of the curious division of a liouse into bricks.
will be read liy many students of the
for it combines three qualities often
Bible, he considers that the pilgrims actually climlxid Of thceducational iire-eminonceof Switzerland
fountl up to it on their way from (Juiidfoi-d cast- tiiey have not an idea. On its military system,
apart erudition, brevity, and good temper.
ward if they did they were' less wise people
;
from wiiicii we in Krigland might take a useful
than we take them to have lieen, sup))Osing hint, tiicir mind is a blank ;
wliile as to
time and shocloather were any objects, though tlio social con<li(i<)ns of tlic country, their
for tlie Sunday tranq) desirous merely of a nice conception of these is probably babied on
;
morals) by seeding his children to the primary do not remember to have seen its importance
schools. He smiled. 'No,' said he, I have no fear
that he has missed nothing of importance, and
'
the facts appear to be accurate so far as we as a binding factor in the social system so well
of the kind. Nor has my wife. She even thinks
that the presence of the children of the rich in the have tested them. The chief omission is that set forth before. Mr. Keller sees in it the
schools tends to improve the manners of those who of any adequate account of the beautiful walks real bond amongst the contingents of the Trojan
"
are of poorer parentage.' over the Pentland Hills, which are so charac- exi^edition he says
;
:
No wonder that "a noted Englishman " whom teristic and unforgettable to those who have " The whole force of public opinion supported th&
the author once met characterized the Swiss once enjoyed them. The index, too, might be expedition in a manner which indicates a collective
as "educational cranks." The whole chapter fuller with advantage. The illustrations, aim to avenge an attack upon a collective posses-
in which Mr. Story deals with education is sion the integrity of guest-friendship was certainly
chiefly from photographs, are numerous and ;
With joy would I sacrifice mj'self to tbee, see why the story of Hyperion's oxen should
CL.^.SSICAL LITERATURE.
Even to the last droij of my blood, be held to imply "cult-selection and tabu"
as a "fairly literal" rendering of two lines In Homeric Society : a Sociological Study of (p. 170). The epithets
" cow-eyed " and "owl-
which really mean the Iliad and Odyssey (Longmans), Dr. Albert eyed " (which is not certainly the meaning of
I would defend thee valiantly, Galloway Keller has classified with great yAai'KWTTts) are a very weak foiindation for a
As the apple of my eyes. fulness and care all the passages of the two theory of animal-headed deities it is not out
;
but the artist must have been rather put to it the result of his examination is presented as a any case refer to the head. Nor, again, is the
to find so many good-looking young women as continuous narrative with exact references for use of the word "dog" as a term of abiise a
appear in one capacity or another. The best every statement. He appears to have over- proof that the dog was once a cult-victim
friends of the Swiss would hardly maintain looked little or nothing, and the picture is (p. 170). The principles of sacrifice among the
that feminine beauty is one of the prominent drawn with scrupulous fairness. There are, of Greeks have yet to be investigated. A great
features of their country. course, many passages which admit of more deal of nonsense is talked about it by scholars,
than one interpretation, and we shall by-and- especially those who incline to a sj'mbolical
Mr. C. G. Harper is indefatigable with the by indicate some of these; but the author interpretation of things. Mr. Keller is not
pen, but w'rites, we are glad to say, much shows as a rule very little prejudice, and is free from this prepossession, as will be seen
better than most of our constant producers. content to draw inferences from the text. from his explanation of the oath by the Styx.
His Cijcle Eidcs round London, Ridden, Now and then, however, he assumes a theory Again, he inclines to underestimate the com-
Written, and Illustrated (Chapman & Hall), which others have deduced from other evi- monness of writing in those days in view of :
should be very useful to many who hardly dence, not always with full reason. On the Cretan discoveries we must reconsider old
realize how near they are to historic and marriage, for example, he quotes Wester- theories. The relation of the Homeric Greek
beautiful places, and perJiaps keep to one marck with approval, although his theories to the earlier civilization of Mycense, when
or more main roads which are thick with have not been generally accepted, and are likely
dust and the dashing "scorcher." Starting-
we know more about it, will probably modify
to be replaced. We seem to see also a ten- many of Mr. Keller's deductions amongst ;
points and other practical details are judi- dency to lay too much stress on the theory masonry to a non-
them his ascription of fine
ciously explained, while the literary flavour of Animism as a factor in the genesis of reli- Greek people. One detail may further be
of the book, (hough occasionally irritating, is
agreeable on the whole. Lines of the route
gion. Further, the author assumes too much
corrected the time of the "ox-loosing" was
for the influence of the East, and leaves out of not evening, but midday, as the context
;
of crispness and effect, which makes him akin his parentage (ho was a Hcrvey).
fate of their writings, Propertius, we fancy,
Mr. Falkiner writes well and has a good
would turn oA-er these pages with equKl to BoswoU in more points than his biographical
genius. The spirit of compromise breathes not grasp of his subject. The only serious inaccu-
astonishment and gratitude. After so many
only through his philosophy and his theology, racy which wo have noticed in the book is
splendid eraondators ho must have despaired
but also through his whole life, and this spirit that Fox is at least once spoken of as Prime
of finding an editor who is frankly conserva-
does not lend itself to splendid literature. Minister, whereas he was never the nominal
tive ;who holds that copyists, if they some-
times mistake, are still men, not beasts The wonder is that the Lives have made' ' head of an administration.
and ;
who objects to the Roman Callimachus being their mark upon the world and not only that,
; We are very glad to find that Buckle's
treated as though he were a model of Attic but even upon the mind of Shakspeare, who Civilizalion in Eiirjiand is now to be had in
is content to follow Plutarch as a model with three volumes of the "Silver Library"
symmetry. Of late years Propertius has
been largely rewritten by various hands, and hardly an alteration. This being so, every (Longmans). Buckle's theories and scheme
the new recension was threatening to super- essay upon him must command interest, and seem rather obsolete nowadays, but his book
sede the traditional text. Prof. Phillimore's we can commend this account of Mr. Oak- is so full of erudition and so admirably sug-
edition is based upon a careful examination of smith as giving an excellent summary of tho gestive on points which have few capable
the Codex Xeapolitamis N, to the archetype work done by his predecessors in this field. exjiositors that it may be read with advantage
of which he assigns a date anterior to the He tells us that the edition of Bernardakis to-day. We wish that this edition was not
Keuaissance. A manuscript invested with was attacked by "Prof. Wilamowitz-Moellen- so heavy to hold.
supreme, or rather unique, authority is apt to dorff of Giittingen," a description which shows
that Mr. Oaksmith is not " in the swim " of The Rev. C. H. Brooke has done well itt
prove a hard master, and, without impugning making available in English a series of the
the pre-eminence which is claimed for X, we classical affairs and we would gladly have had
;
from him in foot-notes some of the passages best French sermons. His translation is ex-
think that too much respect has been shown to
its readings on the whole. which he translates from the emendations of cellent, and the little dumpy books are well
Certainly it makes
the poet more obscure and incoherent than Bernardakis. But the present essay is printed and produced. The two latest addi-
over. Xot a few lines in the text, apart from probably the forerunner of a larger and more tions to this library are Tlie Saint's Example:
a Memorial of Queen Victoria (W. Walker) and
those marked corrupt, set us wondering elaborate book, to which we look forward with
iS7u! Loved Aluch (Masters & Co.), which both
whether Propertius enjoj-s the privilege of satisfaction.
contain great discourses by Bourdalouc' and
Mahomet, whose blunders in the Koran have Bossuet. The effective use of the Vulgate
been canonized and have passed into the
classical language. At the same time, if the
\ OUR LIBRARY TABLE. Latin by these preachers can hardly, unfortu-
nately, be retained to-day, but their combina-
principle is sound, as wo believe it is, Prof. The Studies in Irish History and Biofjraphy,
Phillimore deserves credit for having carried by C. Litton Falkiner (Longmans), "mainly tion of lucidity and eloquence is as fresh as it
ever was. We heartily commend the " Great
it out thoroughly. He contributes about a of the eighteenth century," essay, not without
success, the too rarely undertaken task of
French Preacher Series."
dozen emendations, some of which are very
happy e.f/., fptod noUm: nostras te violasse considering Irish questions from a strictly
neutral standpoint. They are revised reissues
The Writers' Year-Boole, published by the
Writers' Year-Book Company, is more like a
deos ! (i. 7, IG) si piier est, miimo tvaiceimella
;
fHo/(ii. 12, 18); curautem (ii. 32, 5);oumi of articles in the two great quarterlies, to- pamphlet than a book, but is to be commondetJ
gether with two papers of a lighter nature. for sound practical information concerning all
est (ii. 34, S3); tiimcmit (iii. 17, 17); patria
The Grattan Parliament and Ulster and kinds of papers and the contributions which
metuar (iv. 4,55) citi iuvntos (iv. 11, 53). He
;
'
'
the relations of the Murats with Napoleon. I'nhlic (load. Not content with this venture T. Holme (Walter Scott), i'oeins, by C. H.
They contain a curious misprint in the passage he publislied the I'oeiic Comjyanion, the JMo- Pritchard (Sonncnschein), Tifphon, and other
where we are told that "la Cour de Naples (jvaphiail Magazine, and the I'eace Advocate. T'oems, by A. K. Sabin (Elliot Stock),
sera exclusivement occupee du soin de sa Then disaster came, anxiety broke down his Alfred the King, by R. Cornah (Elliot Stock),
conversation," the last word being obviously healtli,andhe was able to pay only five shillings An Eirenicon for Chiirchmen,hy 'W B. Brad- .
jiieant for consevvaiion. The new volumes con- in the pound. Nothing daunted, he again stock (Elliot Stock), Religion for the Time,
tain a good deal of fresh matter with regard made a start and obtained possession of those by the Rev. A. 13. Conger (Philadelphia,
to that remarkable man Prince Nugent, useful papers the English Mechanic and the Jacobs), r/ie Subtle Thing that 's Spirit, by G.
commonly called Count Nugent, who is Building News. Fromthattimefortunefavoured Hodgson (Treherne), The Higher induism in H
hero said to have l)cen born near Dublin, him, he paid all his creditors in full together relation to Christianity, by T.E. Slater (Elliot
who entered the Austrian service in 1794, with interest, and then, as wealth came to Stock), The Doctrine and Literature of the
and lived to be present at Solfcrino. him, devoted it to founding the many public Kahalah, by A. E. Waite (Theosophical Publish-
We are a little inclined to think that it libraries and institutions associated with his ing Society), The Pentateuch in the Light of
is a mistake to describe Nugent as a name. To-day, by A. Holborn (Edinburgh, T. & T.
Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He was, MM. DujARRic & CiE. publish at La Clark),
Her Memory, by M. Maartens
we believe, a Papal prince and an Austrian Librairie des Mathurins of Paris, now removed
(Macmillan), and Hygiene and Public Health,
count and the Holy Roman Empire is, of
;
from the street which formerly gave to it its by A. Newsholme (Gill & Sons). Among New
course, "the Empire," not the Pope. But if name. La Muse Parlementaire : Deputes et Editions are Arnold's Expedition to Quebec, by
our author is wrong upon this point he sins Senateurs, Poetes, by M. Potrus Durel. The J. Codman, 2nd (Macmillan), and The Ancient
in company with nearly all the books of refer- constituents of the authors of the verses Stone Crosses of Dartmoor and its Borderland,
ence. Another English figure is that of Lord quoted, and their Parliamentary friends, will by W. Crossing (Exeter, Commin).
William Bentinck, a failure as a Governor of find much to amuse them
in this volume, but
Madras, whose actions in the Peninsula and its interest is lost as the book comes across
much questioned, LIST OF NEW BOOKS.
ill Sicily were afterwards the Channel. We do not here, as a rule,
but who ended his life by being the first and know the authors quoted sufficiently well to ENGLISH.
one of the most successful of Governors- appreciate their verses, good or bad. The one Theologt/.
General of India. The life of Lord William exception for English readers will perhaps be Brooks The Law of Growtli, and other Sermsns, 6/
(P.).
in Commandant Weil's appendix is, by a prin- found in the humorous lines of M. Joseph Edwards (J.), Nineteenth-Century Preachero and their
ter's error, described as being drawn from the Methods, 8vo, 2/6
Reinach on General Boulanger.
Poetry and Drama.
^ Dictionary of National BiLih'ograiJhy.' The Wordsworth^s tSonnets, with a few of his Cryer(W.), Lays after Labour, cr. 8vo, 6/ net.
heroine of Commandant Weil's third volume
poems, is a recent addition to " The Bibelots " Florenz (K.) and Lloyd (A..). Poetical Greetings from the
is Eliza Bonaparte. The Grand Duchess of (Gay & Bird), a series which has justly secured
Far }?ast, Japanese Poems, imp. 16mo, in case, 6/ net.
Tuscany comes out admirably from the dis- Munton (G. K.), Echoes of an Everyday Life, Poems, 2/6
great favour. Hesidential Rhymes, oblong roy. 8vo, sewed, 3/6 net.
patches, and her State papers, especially those Western (E.), Creeds, Crosses, andCredencla, Poems, cr. 8vo,
of them which are for the first time published
A Child's Gardenof Verses has been prettily 2/6 net.
illustrated by Miss Mars and Miss Squire for Political Economy.
ill the present book, are excellent in their
Messrs, Rand, McNally & Co. (New York). Burton (T. B.), Financial Crises and Periods of Industrial
simple dignity. and Commercial Depression, cr. 8vo, 6/ net.
Commandant Weil's books have hitherto The small pictures seem to us to owe a great History and Biography.
deal to Mr. Robinson's illustrations in style. Knowles (M.), History of WicUen, cr. 8vo, 5/ net.
interested only students of military history,
but his present work, which we imagine is The full-page coloured pictures are not so Paul (H. W.), Matthew Arnold, cr. 8vo, 2/ net.
taking. The text is printed, as it should be, Tout (T. F,), A History of Great Britain to the Present
completed by the Peace of Paris at the end Day, cr. 8vo. 3/6
in a large, clear type. Van Warmelo (D.), On Commando, cr. 8vo, .3/6
of his fifth volume, is of permanent value,
on account of a few excellent pages of history We referred some months ago to the im- Geography and Travel.
Baring-Gould (S.), Brittany, 12mo, 3/
and also on account of the great mass of ma- minent appearance of a high-class political Durand An Autumn Tour in Western Persia, 8vo,
(E. R.),
terial whichcontains.
it It is, of course, and literary journal at Beaufort West, Cape 7/6 net.
possible that he may follow it up by a volume Colony, under the name of The Examiner. It Forder (A.), With the Arabs in Tent and Town, 3/6 net.
of non-military history describing the pro- has now come into existence, and the first four Education.
numbers have reached this country. Among Hooper (T. G.), Educational Studies and Addresses, 2/6 net
ceedings of the Congress of Vienna towards
Science.
Murat and Italy, and the attempt of Murat in the contributors are several well-known names,
Davison (C). Easy Mathematical Problem Papers, cr. 8vo, 2/6
1815 to recover the throne of Naples. There is and in the last number Dr. Garnett has an McConnell (P.), The Elements of Agricultural Geology,
this difficulty in his way, that we imagine that optimistic article on Is the Love of Reading
* roy. 8vo, 21/ net.
Increasing ? A special London letter is a Walker (F.), Aerial Navigation, cr. 8vo, 7, 6 net.
the facts relating to Vienna are all known. '
volume was born at Blackwater, Cornwall, in Modern (H.), Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, lom.
Medicine, 1849-99 (Good & Co.), Advanced Political Economy.
1824. His father was a carpenter by trade, Perspective, by L. R. Crosskey and J. Thaw Raffalovich (A), Le Marche Financier, lOfr.
but eventually became a small brewer he was
; (Blackie), Omoard and Uinvard : a Book for History and Biography.
the only man in the village who took in a Boys and Girls, by H. H. Quilter (Sonnen- eierc (Col.), Guerre d'Bspagne Capitulation de Baylen,
:
weekly journal, his choice being the Penny schein), Key to the Rules of tlie Stock Ex- 7fr. 50.
Philology.
Magazine ; his means were small, and he could change, by F. Chiswell (Effingham Wilson), Franz (W.), Die Grundzvige der Sprache Shakespeares, 3m.
only afford to devote twopence a week to his Coronation, by B. Hamilton (Ward & Lock), Rzach (A.),'Hesiodi Carmina, 18m.
son's education. About 1846 Mr. Passmore The Warrior Woman, by E. Vizetelly (Tre- Science.
Edwards came to London with but a few Bibliographie Scientifique Fran^aise, 'Vol. 1, 17fr.
herne), Uncle Joe's Legacy, by Guy Boothby Henael (K.) u. Landiberg (G.), Theorie der a'gebraischen
shillings in his pocket, and could not boast a (F. V. White), J?obe)-f M'incr, Anarchist, by Funktionen, 26m.
N3901, Aug. 2, 1902 THE ATHENE UM 150
Kronthal (P.), Von der ^'ervenzelle u. iler Zelle Jm'Allge- Hutchinsju seems to think our remarks hyper- But the practical (|uestion of change of pro-
nieinen, Itjm.
General Literature, and that we had nothing else to object to.
critical, prietorship stirred Mr. Hartley Aspden (London)
Corday (M.>, Les EmbrasC's, 3fr. 50. This is not correct, but space was limited, and to give a succinct account of what was customary
Gyp, La Fee, ;!fr. 'M). it did not appear necessary to point out that in such a case aniDUg Englishmen, and a further
Nion ^K. (1e), Les Passantes, 3fr. 10.
the friend is introduced to Nelson a year development of the subject may be expected
after he has been received into Nelson's from him for next year's consideration.
A FRIEND OF NKLSON.' favour, or that in 1805 nigger minstrels did The .sympathetic references of M. Jaunay
Will you allow me a brief space for comment not frequent English fairs. (Paris) to the late Mr. P. W. Cl.iyden were
on a rather remarkable review of my book A '
gratifying to the British Section, as conveying
Friend of Nelson that was in your issue of
'
the opinion of the Congress on their late leader.
July 12th M)' attention has only just been
.'
EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE M. Jaunay spoke of his friend and colleague as-
called to it. Your reviewer con6nes himself PlfKSS. one of the earliest promoters of the interna^
almost wholly to the historical points involved The International Congress movement has, tional mo\ement, and one who to his latest:
in the sttiry, and accuses me of having " traves- after seven congresses, entered on a new hour strove for its development with loyal, per-
tied " the battle of Copenhagen. He accuses stage of its development. After the work and severing, and afl'ectionate etibrts.
me of writing as if I supposed the guns on both growth of seven laborious years, chronicled An invitation from the press of St. Louis,
sides of the British ships were in action simul- annually in these pages, a position has been I'.S.A., to the Congress, ofiering free transport
taneously. I have to confess that I wrote loosely reached of strength and dignity which promises across the Atlantic for 300 members in the
in a manner that was capable of such a construc- well for the future usefulness of the movement. autumn of 1903, was, after some rather tumul-
tion, had not the whole account that I gave of The Congress of 1902, opened at Berne on tuous discussion, finally accepted, an invitation
the battle been sufficient, or so I should have July 21st, will be known in literary history as to Berlin having been courteously postponed till
thought, to show any fair-minded critic that this the Peaceable Congress. Is it possible that we 1904 in favour of the American proposal. Cer-
could not possibly have been my intention. My have really passed our Sturm unci Drang period, tain cautious members, including the Dutch
intention was to f;iy that all "available" guns and are entering on the reward of our labours group, and, I confes.s, the writer of this article,
(and I confess my error in not inserting that in orderly, reasonable, gentlemanly fashion ? would have been better satisfied if this invitation
qualifying word) on both sides (i.e., on British Perhaps we have been unconsciously infiuenced had been referred for decision to the Central
and on Danish) were engaged. In a diary by the stately surroundings of the new Committee considerations of time, distance,
;
written up from notes taken at the time Bundeshaus in which the meetings have been the advisability of carrying so large a body
I find the phrase, "The fire about one grew
held perhaps the earnest, serious character of of guests across the world at the expense
very slack on both sides " meaning, of course, on
;
our hosts has roused what is deepest and best of the host.s, .tc, might have been worth a
the part both of Danes and Britons. The second in our impressionable polyglot assembly. The little more thought than it was possible to give
point in which your critic accuses me of travesty- deliberations of Berne have been marked by them in a crowded and excited assembly but ;
ing the battle is in making the Monarch hotly a soberness of consideration and a unanimity the Congress was in a mood to accept Mr.
engaged with the Three Crowns Battery. In which were lacking at Paris two years ago. Williams's (St. Louis) invitation in the spirit in
a diary of an officer on board the Monarch Probably the real reason of noticeable which it was offered, and the American delega-
(which your critic may see if he cares to it is advance lies in the fact that the chief subjects tion could not but have been pleased by the
not the same diary as the one I spoke of just under discussion had been thoroughly thrashed enthusiasm evoked by their handsome proposal.
above) I read "At 20 past 10 a.m. came to our
:
out previously by competent hands, and pre- Space fails me to tell of the excellent arrange-
[i.e., the Monarch's] station and was closely en-
sented in the form of reports, advance copies ments made for the comfort and convenience of
gaged with a 64 and Hulks on each Quarter, and of which were supplied, so that members were members by the local committees in Berne.
received a heavy fire on our Larb'' Bow from the prepared for the main points, and had settled Our warmest thanks are due to them for the
Crown Battery." This seems conclusive. It their minds and their speeches. It is gratifying perfect smoothness with which all arrangements
also seems as if the Monarch actually was en- worked, and for the public liberality and
to those who have followed a question through
gaged with her guns on both sides. Moreover, its nebulous and chaotic stages to .see it emerge private hospitality which we met with on all
I read in the diary first quoted that after foul- sides. G. B. Stiart.
in such convincing form as M. Singer's report
ing the Ganges on her way out of the harbour,
on ' La Dignite Professionnelle dans les PoM-
the Monarch drifted towards the Crown Battery
and was again .subjected to a further heavy fire.
miques de la Presse,' advocating the institution EDMUND PYLB, D.D.
of a professional court of honour for the settle- July 26tb, 190?.
It is evident that your critic in boldly accusing ment of differences between journalists and Mr. Hart.shorne's extracts from the corre-
me of "travesty" from "love of change or employers. Such a tribunal is already fore- spondence of Edmund Pyle will arouse a
ignorance " is making a charge that must have shadowed in national form by courts of appeal peculiar feeling of gratitude among those who
some force of recoil, since he seems to be so in various professions, as pointed out by Mr. have hitherto treasured the few specimens of
little informed as to some of the details of the
S. S. Campion (Northampton), and an inter- his letters to be found in that amusing book,
fight.
national court of arbitration is a suitable ideal Richards's 'History of Lynn' (Lynn, 1812X
Your more objects to. the "journal-
critic still
for journalists. whence they got into Nichols's Literary Anec- '
istic dialect ofthe twentieth century " which he Madame Severine did not attempt to under- dotes.' In his directness, realism, powers of
says the narrator uses in speaking of "first-class description, and piquancy of phrase Pyle, as a
rate the difficulties of the undertaking. It is
battleships, "of "master's mate on the Monarch,"
obvious that any international arbitration would letter-writer, must have been surpassed only by
itc, but does not indicate the words which he Horace Walpole. The dangers of the excellent
find obstacles to overcome in the fact of differ-
conceives to be out of date. " Master's mate " table at Winchester House, referred to in one
ing national customs and usage, yet she and
hardly is of the twentieth century. Is it " first- of Mr. Hartshorne's extracts, were apparently
the main body of the Congress were convinced
class " or " battleship " that he objects to Is '.
of their moral obligation to attempt the task, real, for in 175G, after a sharp attack of the
it the "journalistic dialect of the
twentieth cen- and the Central Bureau was requested to elabo- gout, he wrote to a friend "I find that as my :
tury " to speak of " on " instead of " in " or " on constitution is, I must, now and then, sacrifice
rate the scheme in accordance with M. Singer's
board a ship
"'
'.
2l8t to25th ult. : Whitney's Choice of Emblems, paid to David's position in history as a Marcks of Heidelberg, and Prof.
Prof. Erich
Leyden, 158G, 48i. E. B. Browning, Prometheus military strategist. Paul Mantoux of Paris.
Unbound, first edition, 18153, Idl. 15s. The Mr. Stoi'I'oud A. Bkooke is occupying Mrs. George M. Smitji wishes to express
Oerm, tiie four original parts, 1848-50, 281.
himself during his stay at Bad Homburg her appreciation of the kindness of the
Dictionary of National Biography, 60 vols.,
Houghton Col. Cook on with the revision of his monograph on friends of her husband, by whom a
3dL (iallery, 271.
Fox Hunting,1826, 81. 2s. (id. Carey's Robert l>rowning. The work, which is memorial tablet has been placed in St.
Life in Paris, 1822, 151. 15.s. Ruskin's intended as a companion study to the Paul's Cathedral and a portrait, by the
Poems, 1850, 48L Alpine Journal, 18G4- author's Tennyson'
his Art and Relation
: Hon. John Collier, presented to her for her
1001, 2bl. Loddiges's Botanical Cabinet, to Modern Life,' follows very much the life. On her return from abroad in the
30 vols., 1818^33, 13^. Lord Lilford's same lines as its predecessor. The principal autumn Mrs. Smith hopes to convey her
British Birds, 3G parts, 1885-97, 62/. Col-
subjects dealt with are Browning and :
'
thanks to each subscriber, and meanwhile
lection of Works of Art of Alfred de Roths-
Tennyson,' Browning's '
Treatment of she begs them to accept this grateful acknow-
child, 1884, 36/. Propert's Miniature Art,
Whistler, Etchings and^ Dry- Nature,' Browning's Theory of Human
'
ledgment. The portrait may for the
1887, 22/. .J as.
Points, F.A.S., n.d., 49/. J. S. Haden, Etudes Life,' Browning as the Poet of Art,'
'
present be seen by any friend at the office
a I'Eau-forte, Paris, 1866, 77/. Hebrew Prayer 'Browning and Sordello,' 'The Dramas,' of Messrs. Smith, Elder & Co., 15, Waterloo
Book, MS. on vellum, fifteenth century, 66/. '
Poems of Love and of other Passions,' Place, S.W.
Boydell's River Thames, extra illustrated, '
The Ring and the Book,' Last Poems.' '
W. Partridge & Co. request
Messrs. S.
1794-6, 31/. 10a-. Milton's Paradise Lost, first The volume, which is to be published by us to state that they are in no way asso-
edition, second title, 1667, 49/. Pyne's Royal Messrs. Isbister & Co., will appear in ciated with any other firm of a similar
Residences, 3 vols. 1819, 17/. 5s Gray's Odes, first
,
September. name, and that during the fifty years they
edition. Strawberry Hill, 1757, 30/. Hutchins's
Dorset, extra illustrated, 1861-70, 23/. 5s. Repro-
Mr. Joseph Clayton has nearly completed have conducted business in Paternoster
ductions of Engravings and Woodcuts by Old a memoir of the late Mr. Dolling, in which Row they have never advertised for MSS.
Masters, 10 parts, 1889-90, 17/. Smith's Cata- he has been assisted by Mr. Dolling's There perhaps, nothing more certain
is,
Jogue Raisonn^ of Painters, 9 vols., 1829-42, 35/. sisters and friends. It will have a preface "
to turn up than a second copy of a " unique
Rogers's Italy and Poems, proofs before letters, by Canon Scott Holland, and will be pub- book. For over four centuries the now
2 vols., 1830-34, 30/. Lafontaine, Contes, lished shortly by Messrs. Wells Gardner,
Scott's Waverley, first edition,
famous 1493 edition of the Malermi Bible
1762, 13/. 10s. Darton & Co.
boards, uncut, 3 vols., 1814, 162/. Guy Man- ;
(Venice) was as completely lost as if it had
nering, first edition, 3 vols., boards, uncut,
In the second number of Animal Life and never existed. Within about a month of
1816, 86/. Shakespeare's Julius Ctesar, Hamlet, the World of Nature, Messrs. Hutchinson's each other two copies were discovered, one
Othello, &c., Dublin, Grierson, 1721, 15/. 5s. new monthly magazine, there will be by Mr. Voynich in Italy and the other by
Westall and Owen's Tour of the River Thames, articles by Sir Harry Johnston, Lord Ave- the Due de Rivoli in Vienna. Quite re-
1828, 10/. Lamb's Prince Dorus, 1818, 21/. 5s. bury. Sir Herbert Maxwell, Mr. Warde cently a third copy has been unearthed by
Swift's Tale of a Tub, first edition, 1704, Fowler, Prof. Hulme, Mr. C. S. Cornish, a continental bookseller, and doubtless
11/. 15s. Pentateuch in Hebrew, Usee. XV., and others. In this number Sir Harry other examples will be found in due
30/. Horte, on vellum, with miniatures, Sasc.
XV., Goldsmith's History of England,
46/.
Johnston begins the first of a series of course. A fine copy is worth at least 300/.
articles on the habits and ways of the wild The peculiarity of" the 1493 issue is that
4 vols., 1771, 26/. Huth Library,
first edition,
edited by Grosart, largest paper, 29 vols., 17/. beasts of Africa. There will also be an many of the woodcuts are quite different
Shakespeare Gallery, 2 vols., 17/. 10s. article on Natural History at the Seaside,'
*
from those in the 1490, 1492, and 1494
Messrs. Puttick & Simpson sold on Wednesday by Mr. Edward Step. editions ;four of these beautiful illustra-
a valuable collection of sporting books from the The movement started to commemorate tions are reproduced in facsimile in Mr.
library of an amateur, including many scarce Voynich's Second List of Books.'
Dr. Furnivall's services to English litera- '
29/. Repository of Arts, 40 vols., 47/. Aiken's including help from friends in the United 1715, may be unearthed, that which realized
National Sports, 1825, 20/. 10s. ditto, another ;
States and Germany. In accordance with the very high price of 155/. at Messrs.
edition, 4to, 34/. 10s. Life of a Racehorse, 20/. Dr. Furnivall's own desire, the greater part Sotheby's on Monday last will retain
Annals of Sporting, 13 vols., 95/. Apperley's of this has been devoted to helping the its unique character. It was not only
Life of Mytton, the first three editions, 32/. work of the Early English Text Society. a presentation copy, but was given by
Life of a Sportsman, 31/. Boccaccio's Decameron,
The balance has sufficed to provide a boat the author "To Mrs. Elizabeth Abney,"
coloured plates, 20/. 5s. An Excursion to
Brighthelmstone, plates by Rowlandson, 28/.
for Dr. Furnivall's river parties and to who is one of the three Mrs. Abneys to
Miss Burney's Evelina, coloured plates, 40/. 10s. obtain the portrait by Mr. Rothenstein now whom the little book is dedicated. A few
The Roadster's Album, 49/, Complete Peerage accepted by Trinity Hall. weeks ago a Holborn bookseller had a copy
of England, 8 vols., 29/. Confessions of an Last Tuesday occurred the death of the of the same edition (although possibly not
Oxonian, 22/. 10s. Egan's Life in London and Rev. Charles Edward Searle, who had been the example sold on Monday), which a well-
Finish to Life in London, 2 vols., uncut, 57/. Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge, known bibliophile saw and might have pur-
Carey's Life in Paris, uncut, 30/. Cruikshank's
since 1880. He was a scholar of the col- chased for a shilling. Taking no interest
Humourist, 4 vols., 25/. Sketches by Boz, both
lege, and after a period of pastoral work in this class of books, he did not buy it.
series, 26/. Grimm's Popular Stories, 2 vols.,
uncut, 44/. 2s. Rowlandson's Grotesque Borders, returned thither as tutor in 1870. Seconded On looking over Sotheby's catalogue he
42/. Ireland's Life of Napoleon, 4 vols., 21/. by able tutors like the late Mr. Prior and came to the entry of Watts's Divine Songs,'
'
Moore's Annals of Gallantry, 3 vols., 20/. Mr. Neil, Dr. Searle was able to see that and then realized the opportunity he had
Rowlandson's Comforts of Bath, 28/. Loyal advance in Pembroke, both in numbers and missed. He lost no time in making his
Volunteers, uncut, 40/. Scrope's Deer Stalking in reputation, which is one of the most way to Holborn, but some one of a more
and Salmon Fishing, 2 vols., 28/. Sterne's striking features of modern Cambridge. speculative character had in the interval
Sentimental Journey, coloured plates, 21/. 10s.
Without any particular brilliance, he looked been there, and the precious little volume
Jorrocks's Jaunts and Jollities, first edition,
45/. 15s. Thornton's Don Juan, 2 vols., coloured
after his undergraduates well perhaps too
was gone
plates, 20/. Westmacott's English Spy, 2 vols., well to please them and his conscientious The Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, will
281. service was of great value to the college. be closei during this month.
The book of the lectures to be delivered Jose Strada, who died last week at
HiteravB Joss(p.
at the Cambridge University Extension Passy at the age of eighty-one, came into
Summer Meeting this month exhibits a re- the world two or three centuries too late.
Mr. Fishee, Unwin has just arranged to markable collection of talent covering a '
L'Epopee Humaine,' a poem in forty
publish, a translation of a monograph on very wide range. In the historical section, volumes, and running into 500,000 verses,
King David by M. Marcel Auguste Dieula- inaugurated by the Vice- Chancellor, several might possibly have had a chance of being
foy, the well-known French Orientalist. The distinguished foreign professors will lecture read in the time of Edmund Spenser or even
book largely a critical vindication of
is on the politics and statesmen of their own of Sir Richard Blackmore, although even
David's character against the attacks of countries in the nineteenth century. Among this is doubtful. Yet Strada had his
Eenan and his school. Special attention is these will be Prof. Yinogradoff of Moscow, eminent admirers, among whom were
;
with historic and antiquarian subjects. we should have greatly helped to solve the by the Hon. J. Scott - Montagu, M.P.,
English students whose work led them to housing question so far as London is con- points to an admirable system of co-opera-
consult the collections and the Library of cerned. ]3ut if this is to be effected
as tion which has already been managed at
Bologna will alwaysretainpleasant memories Mr. Strachey, in the book before us, points Tunbridge Wells, whereby the farmers of
of the genial presence of the Director. Dr.
out we shall have to make radical altera- the district, " tired with the vagaries of the
Frati died on July 2;3rd, aged eighty-seven tions in the means of road approach to South-Eastern and Chatham Railway, havo
years. London and most of our great towns, with organized a motor service to take their
The Parliamentary Papers
a view to reducing instead of augmenting goods direct to Covent Garden and other
of the most general interest to our readers
likely to be the already seriously congested state of markets in London." Think for one moment
the main arteries of traffic. of the advantages gained. There is no
this week are General Reports on Ele- Tho dismissal of the horse by the use handling from the farmer's cart into the
mentary Schools and Training Colleges for the attendant delays and
of self-propelled carriages will count for trucks, with all
1901 (Iv.;; Intermediate Education Board Similarly there
nothing in the matter of space as compared risks to perishable articles.
for Ireland, liules and Programme of with the enormous increase in the road is no handling at the liOndon terminus, or
Examinations, 1903 (4|r/.) IJoyal L'ni-
;
traffic brought about if the general public chance of crushing in tho carrier's or rail-
versity of Ireland, Accounts {\d.) and tlie ;
use the road (in motors) instead of the way company's van. The motor car takes
Report of the Deputy - Keeper of Public
railway for short journeys from suburbs, the fruit or other produce direct to tho
Records and Keeper of the State Papers
&c. Similarly, the roads will require market, thus there are two handlings instead
in Ireland, which contains in an appendix
general alteration, somewhat on the lines of four. Moreover, the vehicle can return
a Report on certain Registers of Irregular
proposed by the Roads Improvement Asso- from London, or whatever town is the
Marriages, celebrated by unlicensed clergy-
ciation, and it will be a happy day for terminus, laden with nitrate of potash, bone-
men, known as Couple-beggars {2\d.). \ London (and for horses) when by tho meat, i&c., for consumption or distribution on
"
suggestive remarks in regard to the use of country." Mr. Harmsworth himself Dress for Motor- ;
'
" Why should there not be a late Motor-Mail vanced years do not appear to find the
and its Management,' by Sir David
Service from London, leaving about 2 am., use of a motor " trying," for besides the
Salomons ; Petrol
'
Engine
The the :
after all the Mainline Railway Services have Caprices of the Petrol Motor,' by the Hon.
favourable opinion expressed by Sir H.
ceased, to convey letters perhaps posted with
Thompson, Sir John Macdonald says :
C. S. Rolls special technical chapters by
;
a late fee stamp up to midnight for the Mr. Worby Beaumont on tyres, on steam
Country and deliverable in towns within a " Another fact which made a strong impres-
cars, on electric cars, on motor cycles, on
hundred miles of London by the first post next sion upon me was the small fatigue of long road
journeys, as compared with horse-drawn travel- motor driving and an important chapter
;
morning ?
ling. I suppose Colonel Magrath and I were on Points of Law affecting the Owners of
*
One of our hardest-worked judges. Sir the two oldest men who made the tour, and we Motor Vehicles,' by Mr. Eoger Wallace,
Francis Jeune, has found leisure perhaps rode on a motor having solid tyres. Yet I can- K.C., chairman of the Automobile Club.
on account of being an automobilist to not recall having felt any sensation of weariness, Mr. Wallace also gives a full draft of the
discourse on "the charm of driving in even after the longest run (125 miles per day) ; same in official form amongst the appendixes.
motors." He truly says : and we both came to the end as fit, if not more There is a further chapter on the existing
fit, than we started."
"The mere sense of motion is, in itself, a Automobile Clubs, withfullparticulars, which
delightful thing ; the gallop of a horse over One of the chief reasons for the opposi- should prove useful, as well as a list with
elastic turf, the rush of a bicycle downhill with tion shown to the introduction of motor particulars of the various journals dealing
a suspicion of favouring wind, the rhythmical traffic in this country has been that motor- with automobolism.
swing of an eight- oar, the trampling progress cars are liable to frighten horses, and Mr. Harmsworth and his publishers
of a four-in-hand, the striding swoop on skates when bicycles were introduced they were are to be congratulated on an admirable
across the frozen fens all these are things of opposed on the same grounds, many a production, and on having induced the very
which the reminiscences and the echo come
back to us with the dash and pulsation of the
cyclist having dismount on account of
to best authorities all busy men
to write on
restless horses and nervous drivers and their special subjects.
motor car."
riders. An excellent chapter on Motor *
It only remains to be said that the illus-
Dr. Johnson thought that nothing was so
Cars and Horses is provided in this volume
'
trations are excellent as well as generously
delightful as the rapid motion of the poet-
by Mr. Hercules Langrishe, Master of the bestowed, and that it would be difficult to
chaise. We may revive in these later days Kilkenny Fox Hounds. He rightly points
some of the spirit of the old coaches, which find fault with the very complete index.
out the folly of the law as it stands at The latest "Badminton" is, indeed, a gcod
were much more picturesque than any motor
present to avoid restive horses being example of a useful and interesting series.
is at present, and of the interest in old
frightened by motors. It would be far
country inns. Eeaders and writers, too, may
better if, instead of a motor - car driver
get to know something of the country life
being compelled to stop " dead," he reduced Sicimct (|g088{fif.
which is fashionable among the sciolists of
his speed to something low on a hand being
the gas lamps. The invasion of the rail swept The Zoologist for this month, published on
held up against him for it is just when the
the country of its traffic the result was
;
the 15th, will lead off with an article on
;
ordinary "petrol" motor is stationary that 'Erasmus as a Naturalist,' by Mr. G. W,
that the Eed Lion and the Blue Boar lan-
it makes the most noise. It is the noise Murdoch. This is the first time that the works
guished, the "boots" of the Boar and the
more than anything else which renders a of the great humanist have ever been considered
chambermaid of the Lion, reconciled by
motor-car so objectionable to a horse. This from that interesting point of view.
joint misfortune, agreeing for once in de-
nouncing the " igominy o' railroads." But
is probably an hereditary instinct handed We hear from Vienna that the Anthro-
down from the days when horses were wild, pological Society of that city intends to resume
now they can again return to their respective which can be modified by careful training. the excavations at Hallstadt, which have already
hostelries with some prospect of a busy life. proved so fertile in prehistoric remains.
Some interesting and amusing remini-
It might reasonably be thought and is,
scences are included. Col. Magrath The planet Mercury will be at superior con-
indeed, thought by many that "motor- responsible for the following :
is
junction with the sun on the 11th inst., but
ing" would, on the whole, be prejudicial to may become visible in the evening at the end
health on account of nerve strain. "In one my first drives I met an elderly
of
of the month, situated in the eastern part of the
Sir woman on a quiet road, proceeding to market.
Henry Thompson, who writes a chapter on constellation Leo. Venus rises about 2 o'clock
She got dreadfully startled on seeing the car,
* Motor Cars and Health,' tells us, however, in the morning, passes very near S Gemino-
and when she arrived at Wexford told every one
that the contrary is the case. rum on the 9th, and enters Cancer on the 16th.
that she met a carriage from the other world,
Mars is very near Venus in the early part of
"The easy jolting which occurs when a motor with a horribly ugly demon driving it, and she
the month (they were in conjunction on the
car is driven at a fair speed over the highway knew at once that the carriage was sent to take
morning of the 1st), but, following her more
conduces to a healthy agitation it acts on the her to hell, but, thank God she had sense slowly towards the east, he will be near S
' !
;
liver,' to use a popular phrase. enough to make the sign of the Cross, when
Horse-riding Geminorum on the 15th, and not enter Cancer
has, however, the advantage of necessitating carriage and ugly demon vanished. '
Herk Akexdt, of Posen, from observations altar and reredos. We must protest strongly in many a song of joy, many a dirge of woe and
both cases against publishing plans of cathedrals despair." Later we read that "the designs of
made last winter, chietly with the instruments of
without vaulting-lines. It is possible to insert Eastern rugs are often the spontaneous outcome
the Urania Observatory at Berlin, considers
these without in any way obscuring the draw- of the fancy of the weavers," then that the
that he has detected markings on Venus which
ing, and in several instances, as in the descrip- patterns are sometimes handed down from one
indicate the presence of great elevations on the
tion of the apse-vaulting on p. 12 of Amiens,'
'
generation to another, and, further on, that
planet, seen from time to time through the
clouds surrounding it, and, so far as the observa-
the text is rendered unintelligible by the want "among good antique Persian rugs there are
of them. in all about thirty designs," truly a very poor
tions go, pointing to a rapid rotation accom-
outcome from nature's great school of art.
plished in about twenty-four hours.
Actually the designs in Oriental carpets and
The biennial meeting of the Astronomische RIGS AND LACES. stuffs are no more the fancies or attempts to
Oesellschaft will take place at Gottingen, Bugs, Oriental and Occidental, Antiqne express ideas of the actual weavers than the
and
August 4th to 7th. A number of interesting Modern. By Rosa Belle Holt. (Chicago, plans and facades of our Gothic cathedrals were
papers are promised, and the programme
includes visits to the observatory at Gottingen
McClurg &
Co.)
Described as a handbook due to the skilful masons who wrought out the
for ready reference, this work attempts a tracery windows or carved the foliated capitals.
and to the astronomical museum of Cassel. sj'stem of classification which, although ad- The belief in intuition for the production of
mirably carried out, yet renders but slight designs which, good or bad, owe their perfec-
FINE ARTS assistance to those who seek sound information tion or failure to complex laws as positive as
respecting the original locality of manu- those governing the preparation of a set of
facture of any particular example taken working drawings for a locomotive, is a dan-
CATHEDRAL HANDBOOKS.
from the vast hoard of carpets and rugs gerous fallacy in these days, when universal art
Chichester : the Catltedral and See. By Hubert which the rapacity of dealers has caused to education is becoming the happy hunting-
C. Corlette. "Cathedral Series." (Bell ground of the faddist. He finds in works
be gleaned from Turkey, Syria, Persia, and
&Sons.)
Central Asia since the last Turco-Russian war. like this a corroboration of his inclination to
Amiens : Cathedral and Cliurches.
its By the The fault is not due to want of pains in com- neglect scientific study, and to replace it by fol-
Rev. T. Perkins. '' Handbooks to Con-
piling the enormous amount of information lowing the dictates of his inner consciousness
tinental Churches." (Same publishers.)
assiduously collected from " sundry publica- expressed in some far-fetched and often unsuit-
There is an interesting contrast in treatment tions," or " through correspondence with minis- able material through the aid of the latest
as in subject between these two volumes ters to Oriental countries and consuls residing passing fashion in " technique."
of Messrs. Bell &
Sons' excellent series therein.... interviews with rug dealers in various History of Lace. By Mrs. Bury Palliser.
of cathedral handbooks. Mr. Corlette's cities, and to certain learned Americans, Ar- Entirely revised, rewritten, and enlarged under
'Chichester is eminently an architect's study
'
menians, Greeks, Syrians, and Turks," but the editorship of M. Jourdain and Alice Dryden.
of architecture.
notice
Not a moulding escapes his
every fragment of earlier building
rather to the untrustworthy character of the
(Sampson Low.) The last edition of Mrs.
;
matter thus obtained and the want of discrimi- Palliser's book having appeared in 1875, it was
embedded in the present structure is discussed nation shown in dealing with it. We recognize doubtless desirable that the present revision
in detail, and its bearing on the history of the the great difficulty in assigning localities to should be made. Many developments in lace-
cathedral is made clear and the structural
;
various types of antique carpets, a work which making have taken place since that time, and
points are emphasized in a manner all too rare is engaging the best attention of the most the work had reached almost prohibitory prices.
in popular books on architecture. There is evi- eminent experts in the history of textile fabrics; We may thank the editors for the addition
dence also of careful study of documents in the but at least care should have been taken to of numerous photographs from portraits of
chapter on the diocese and see, which includes a eliminate from the examples illustrated in the distinguished men and women, showing the
summary account of all the bishops from Wilfrith book the modern imitations of old rugs which in dainty fabrics as they were actually worn, and
of York, first Bishop of Selsea, to the present two places are described as "antique" or "old," Miss Dryden in particular for her skilful use of
day. Mr. Perkins's 'Amiens,' on the other and also to avoid the reckless use of those terms the camera in reproducing examples of lace. It
hand, is by no means specialist's work. He is when appliedto the productionsof the eighteenth may here be recalled that in the early part of
an intelligent tourist, who sees the same things and early nineteenth centuries. Even the word the seventeenth century boot-tops were turned
as others of his kind, and writes about them " rug " is often misapplied, especially when used up or down for the protection or the exhibition
pleasantly enough. He knows his Raskin, and to describe the large Ardebil carpet in the respectively of the lace linings ; while in the
gives a full and interesting account of the sculp-
Victoria and Albert Museum, measuring 34 by latter part of it the reverse process was applied
tures. Amiens is not, indeed, a building with a
18 feet, and the great carpet in the Chehel to coat sleeves. Plate iii. is an admirable
complicated history like Chichester and many Sitoon Palace at Ispahan, which is over GO feet instance of needlepoint work on fine linen, in
other English cathedrals, but derives its splendid long by 30 feeb wide. The attempt to illustrate white and in gold thread. It was of such art
unity from the fact that it was begun and typical examples of the designs used in modern as this that it was lately stated in a Parisian
finished, to
all intents as we now see it, factories in the East also fails, owing to the court of law that "telle dentelle n'a pas de
within seventy years. At the same time, it is Plate xlvi. shows a vandyked ruff
constant change of patterns and colourings de- prix."
beyond dispute the central example of French manded by modern trade and to the tendency with its supportasses, from the Musce du
Gothic, and the most perfect exposition of of manufacturers to copy the work of any other Louvre " un ruff bon pynned sup' le
structural logic that the style has to show, and
we cannot but think that Mr. Perkins might
factory, modern or old, which is commanding a
wier " interesting enough, but certainly far
great sale in the European or American markets. inferior to the really surijrising examples in
have advantageously devoted a little more space the Bavarian National Museum at Munich.
The "Indian prayer rug" from Amritsar
to explaining the principles of that style. The (facing p. G4) is in no way an Indian design, but Plato lix. gives examples of French black silk
sectional view from Viollet-le-Duc given on We have taken
a fairly good copy of a Turkish rug, of the .Vna- guipure, capitally reproduced.
p. 6 has the gist of the whole matter, but is not tolian type, belonging to the early partof the last these instances (juito at hazard. Speaking gener-
enough for the unlearned. Mr. Perkins is not century, and it most probably owes its pattern ally as to the letterpress, wo find that additions
afraid to criticize, and we hear somewhat too
to an American order received since the Chicago rather than alterations have been the aim, the
much of the comparison between Salisbury sfnre Exhibition, where old Giordes rugs realized high excellent original material only giving way in
and the Amiens Heche, which are so different in accordance with the pressure of modern research.
prices. Seekers after truth should also be
design and intention that it is irritating to find
cautioned against a certain pernicious kind of Specially, however, the introductory chapter
them pitted against one another. The writing gush which, although worn threadbare, again '
Needlework '
appears an almost entirely new.
18 clear and simple, save for an alarmingly in-
does duty in this as well as in most of the pre- Similarly, the sections on the lace of .\lenyon
volved sentence on p. 11 concerning sexpartite
ceding works dealing with Eastern art crafts- and Argentan have been nearly redone while,
;
vaulting. On p. 50 Bishop Everard's epitaj)h is manship. Possibly excusable in the ordinary as regards Spain, the editors have brought the
surely mistranslated, and verbis .should be taken
traveller who rushes into print on the earliest subject down to the present day, though we find
no allusion to the picturesque and eminently perfect work of art out of a few pieces of lead by Hiroshige, the public would have a chance of
practical revolving laca pillow in common use or mothor-of-i)earl and a little dull lacquer has seeing that the modern artist's admiration for
in Andalusia and the south of Spain. Chief apparently vanished for ever. Nor does the the great landscapists of Japan is no mere empty
among the laces of France ia point d'Alen9on, national taste for colour seem to be in healthier craze. It would be unfair to insist on the
'the (luoen of lace." It is stated to be the condition. Once the Japanese could fairly claim point, however, in the case of an exhibition
only kind not made on the pillow. Like the to have the most delicate colour-sense of any which has to cater for many tastes, and has,
production of its rival, point d'Argentan, it is nation in the world. Now that sense is little on the whole, done its work admirably.
distinguished, as are also certain Venetian point better than that of the average European, so
laces, by its " bride " grounds. We
judge point that a recollection of the exquisite harmonies of
d'Alenfon to be particularly noteworthy Harunobu and Utamaro makes the "electric" ETCHINGS AT MR. GUTEKINST S GALLERY.
from the number of processes in its make, blues and pinksof the modern Japanese enameller A SMALL and very select collection of the
including the use of the "dent de loup " of seem even more painful than they really are. It etchings of Oatade and Claude is on view at
the old illuminators and bookbinders as is positively distressing that such specious Messrs. Gutekunst'a. Of the two certainly
the pirot or burnisher of the lace- "fancy goods" should be the most recent Ostade was the more accomplished etcher,
finisher. Tempting as it is to touch upon achievement of a country which has been though by no means the greater artist.
points in the fascinating general history, and supremely successful in more than one field of At his best Ostade approaches Rembrandt
to make excursions into the Low Countries art. for example, in the Feasant jrai/iu^ his Score
"
"for lace let Flanders bear away the belle Of that success the Whitechapel Exhibition (No. 24) and the Artist in his Studio (33),
we must forbear, merely saying that we are may not contain many remarkable examples. where a fine use of silhouette gives the design
somewhat disappointed, though not surprised, at Nevertheless the very absence of bad modern unusual solidity and completeness. But even
the lack of evidence in support of the contention work is a thing for which the curator and those in these he has almost nothing of Rembrandt's
that lace was made in the Low Countries in the who have assisted him deserve no little credit. sense of beauty, and where his types are ugly,
fourteenth century. We
are apt to think that By the inclusion of models of Japanese dwellings, which is the usual case, his ugliness is mean and
in the account of English lace the editors have pictures of Japanese life, and photographs of gross, uninspired by that feeling for significance
rescued several samples from oblivion. We must Japanese scenery, the promoters of the exhibi- which never deserted Rembrandt. Neverthe-
notice the newly written chapter on North- tion have made it attractive to the general less, in spite of its commonness, his nature was
amptonshire lace, as a good type of an improve- public, who may wish to form some idea of the not unsympathetic; hisobservation of the common
ment with which Bedfordshire and Buck- industries and customs of our allies. At the scenes of everyday life was not the result of a
inghamshire are naturally associated. In a same time there are one or two special features cold curiosity like that of some of his compeers.
more detailed notice the Devonshire section of the show which are of real interest to all His was not, however, a very independent or
might with justice be dwelt upon. But we have lovers of art. self-sufiiicient talent. In these etchings it is
sought in vain for allusion to " the maid" or The collection of paintings is not, on the whole, easy to see that as the influence of Rembrandt
to "the bow maid," within living memory as very strong or representative, though the three waned he took up with the newer fashions of
essential as chairs and tables in every cottage in works by the accomplished eclectic Yosai, and G. Dow and Van Mieris, to the great disad-
the lace-making Midlands. Its use ended, the the large landscape by his master, Hokusai, are vantage of his designs. The later ones have that
fire has devoured it, and its fame has perished. all in their several ways important. The col- peculiarly false air of prettiness, that way of
lection of lacquer is fairly good of its kind, but vignetting the composition, and that obvious
would have been more complete had at least artifice of over- emphasizing the unity of the
THE WHITECHAPEL AKT GALLERY. one or two pieces in the style of Korin been chiaroscuro which make much Dutch painting
In these days the lover of Japanese art can added to show what the culmination of the art of the period at once dull and pretentious. Such
hardly avoid being something of a pessimist. was like. The excellent and amusing earthen- realistic treatment of commonplace scenes is
The political and commercial progress of our ware of the country is also fairly well represented. only tolerable when it is perfectly sincere. Even
new ally is a matter of which she may well be Though masterly workers in iron as the in Rembrandt the germs of a factitious and
proud, yet the efl'ect of that progress upon her magnificenteagle by Miochin Muneharu at South theatrical taste are evident, and Ostade in his
national art seems to be little short of disastrous.
Kensington triumphantly proves the Japanese later work seems to have developed it, under
With the deaths of Hiroshige, Hokusai, and do not attain to equal success when working in the impression that he was giving to his work
Yosai there came a pause, as perhaps was bronze. As bronze founders they merely imi- the air of a finer style.
natural at the close of such a long epoch of tate their Chinese neighbours, losing in the When we turn from the insincere realism of
artistic activity. Then, before the genius of process of imitation the massiveness and square- Ostade's later etchings to the Claudes on the
the country had time to recuperate, came the ness from which Chinese bronzes derive so much opposite wall we realize how unfair to the latter
great upheaval which resulted in the overthrow of their dignity. Japanese bronze, as the very is the charge of coldness and want of feeling.
of the old aristocratic conservative spirit. The characteristic specimens at Whitechapel show, Artifice there is, no doubt, but it is artifice
influx of European ideas, impeded before, soon can be graceful and pretty both in form and employed consistently and harmoniously to
became an overwhelming flood. The Japanese patina, but is only a minor feminine art com- ennoble and simplify the impression of nature.
people were at once seized with a desire for a pared with that of the continent. In Ostade's later work the elaborate adjustment
closer intercourse and more equal rivalry with The committee have had the help of Mr. of light and shade, the vignetting and framing
the civilization of the West. Their wonderfully Arthur Morrison in arranging the room devoted round of the central point, serve only to bring
rapid assimilation of Western views upon to colour-printing, so that this unique product into relief a trivial minuteness of vision in ;
national policy, upon the art of war, and upon of the Japanese genius is remarkably well illus- Claude's etchings, in spite of a certain fussiness
the science of commerce excited new ambitions, trated. Passing over the interesting beginnings in the actual line, the artifice of elaborately
and with their coming the ancient, honourable, of the art, when the outline blocks of Kiyonobu planned composition is used to impose a mood
leisurely tradition of Japanese life passed away. and Masanobu were coloured by hand, we of singular suavity and elevation. Nevertheless,
The craftsman who was once content to live find attention arrested by Harunobu, who was fine as these etchings are in intention, we con-
easily,and work just as his fancy or necessity the first to the whole area of a print with
fill fess to a feeling that the etched line was not to
prompted him, in due course began to labour colour. This supreme master of design and Claude a congenial mode of expression. His
on strictly commercial lines and became a manu- colour is well represented, four of the prints practice was to compose by a succession of
facturer. (Nos. 13, 14, 17, and 18) being of marked silhouettes in his wash drawings these were
;
The effect of the change can be e-timated, to beauty. Hokusai's teacher Shunsho is repre- plotted by means of the pen line, and the masses
some extent, by comparing the Japanese objects sented not only by a plate from his famous were then laid in by broad washes skilfully
in the hall of the New Gallery with the exhibi- '
Mirror of Beautiful Women,' and by one or manipulated so as to suggest at the same time the
tionopened in Whitechapel last Wednesday week. two characteristic stage subjects, but also by silhouette and the modification of its edges by the
The modern enamels, carvings, and lacquer a fair- sized landscape, in which the figures cast enveloping atmosphere. In his etchings he found
at the New Gallery display no lack of ingenuity shadows, the first known instance of such a himself compelled to fill in his masses by lines ;
indeed, they are rather too ingenious. Every- departure from the usual practice of the this allowed the possibility of getting the masses
thing is a masterpiece of clever handiwork. Japanese colour printers. The series continues of dark by the repetition of an infinity of petty
Everything astounds one by the amount of with Yeishi and the great Utamaro, whose work detail, and the temptation to do this, which is
skilful and patient labour which must have been is not perhaps so completely illustrated as it apparent even in his oil paintings, proved irre-
expended on it by its maker. Everything is might be, though two or three of the prints are sistible. Finally, when even this failed to give
as " finished " and polished as it could be of the utmost delicacy. the required weight to his composition, he loaded
Nevertheless, among all these modern exhibits Hokusai as a landscape designer makes a the shadows with a number of minute strokes
it is hard to recall a single object which brave show indeed, it would be hard to see
; which half obliterated the elaborately drawn
is really fine which shows any sign of actual him to better advantage than in such prints as forms beneath, and left a troubled and worried
artistic invention, or which is clearly the No. 57, from The Bridges of Japan, and No. 59, surface. This is particularly noticeable in
outcome of perfect taste. The designs are from the Thirty-six Views of Fnji. If these the two states of A Shepherd and Shepherdess-
elaborate enough, and intricate enough, and prints could have been supplemented by one or Conoersing (47 and 48). In the first we have an
pretty enough, but never anything more. two of the charming landscapes of his pupil elaborate line drawing, in which the forms of
The noble audacity by which Korin created a Hokkei, and by a few of the best oblong designs the trees are rendered with great delicacy and
s
bid to worse at the National Gallery for many day, July 22nd. A t noon the members assembled even mentioned. A list of inscribed stones
years, but such a rule as this will definitely in the Council Chamber at the Audit House, found was included, the finds extending from
prevent any hope of our keeping pace with where they were welcomed by the Mayor. In Britain to Aries. The coins of Carausius found
German public and American private enter- a few words he referred to the ancient history at Clausentum, supposed to have been minted
. rise. Among the trustees are gentlemen with of the town. It was from Southampton port there, cannot be accepted. Tetricus and
. ery various and in some cases quite empirical that the armies left which fought at Crecy, Carausius favoured the place, and Agricola
. istes one favours the elegances of eighteenth- Agincourt, and Poictiers. landed there on his march to the Severn. The
oentury French art, another is all for the primi- Sir Henry Howorth, in returning thanks, questions of tin and lead mining and the ex-
tives. It is evident that in these circumstances mentioned the good work done by local anti- portations from Clausentum were particularly
the only common ground whereon all can unite quaries towards preserving the treasures of the noticed. The tin came chiefly from Devonshire,
will be that of mediocre work. Any work in district. not much from Cornwall. Clausentum .shows no
which the characteristics of its own period are Lord Montagu then took the chair and gave sign of a military character, not much even of a
strongly accentuated, any good work in short, his address. He referred to the many objects civilian residential occupation. It seems simply
will arouse the vehement opposition of those of interest in the neighbourhood and the local to have been a large and well protected de{)ot
trustees whose education in art has not work which was being done. Some of the old for the export of western produce. At Clau-
enabled them to appreciate that particular walls of the town might disappear, but he hoped sentum began the Ikeneld Street directly
period and style. It will only be iu the that any idea of removing Bargate had entirely enclosing the rich western district, a district
works of feeble and flaccid personalities that gone. A vote of sympathy with the people of in which peace and prosperity must have reigned
the opposition will be lessened to the point Venice and the Italian nation for the loss they for four hundred years.
where compromise becomes possible. Com- had sustained by the fall of the great Campanile Mr. R. W. Dale had in the room in cases a
promise, which is the deadly enemy of so of St. Mark's was passed. fine collection of pottery and flint and bronze
absolute and definitely willed an activity as art, After luncheon the members assembled for a implements, on which he commented. Some
will rule all the nation's acquisitions. We leave perambulation of the town, under the guidance notes were added by Dr. Munro.
out of account here the serious practical diffi- of Messrs. R. W. Dale, S. R. D. Lucas, and Mr. Hudd showed a curious drawing of what
culty that, while a considerable body of men are the Rev. G. W. Minns. The first stop was at he called a shrine. It was found at Caerwent
being brought together to see and discuss an St. Michael's, a twelfth century cross church, of during some diggings there. Unfortunately, as
important picture, and settle between their which Mr. Dale gave the history. Mr. Peers, there was no written paper, the remarks made
opposing views, the private purchaser from taking the architectural features, remarked on were not clear to the general. In the discussion
across the Atlantic will probably, if the picture the early central tower, but could see no mark it was considered by some to be early Christian,
is worth having, and no patrijtic motives on the of a transept. It was thought this must by others pagan. In the end judgment was
owner's part intervene, have written a cheque have been of wood, attached to the tower of suspended.
on the spot and gone off with the object in stone. A remarkable chalice was exhibited. It On Wednesday the party left for Winchester,
dispute. bears for date-mark the letter R, and is thought where the Castle, St. Cross, the College, and
We venture to think that any single man with to be Elizabethan. Next the Bargate, the i)rin- Wolvesey Castle were visited. At St. Cross
absolute power, however limited his tastes, cipal entrance to the town, was reached, where Mr. J. Bilson gave a general account of the
iiowever slight his special knowledge, would buy the Rev. G. W. Minns read a short paper. The hospital and its foundation, with architectural
Ijetter works than such a heterogeneous and structure was of various periods, some of it details and a general plan. The church has
disparate body as the Trustees of the National being Norman. There had been a great been already described, with the controversy
Gallery. We have often felt it neces.sary to struggle of late as to whether the Bar should be thereon, in the Inditute Journal. In the latter
criticize adversely recent purchases at the removed, but it was now decided to widen the half of the thirteenth century subscriptions
^National Gallery, but it is an o{)c;n secret that side arches and keep it. The Ijatt lenient were asked for furnishing the church, but there
'if Sir E. Poynter had had the power which the are unaltered, and in one embrasure hangs the seems to be no record of the response. There
-director of a German gallery possesses we should watch-bell, with the inscription, "God is my had been alterations in the choir and the
now have at Trafalgar Square several works of hope, R B 1G05." The upper part is known internal fittings about 11380-7.
"first-rate importance which he has been forced as the Guildhall. In it is a statue of tjueen After luncheon, some on their way to the
to pass over. Anne, removed from the outside, with the feet College saw the God Begot House. At the
The question ha-s a particular poignancy at cut oflf to make it fit its present jjosition. College Mr. W. F. Kirby described the cliaptl,
the pre.sent moment, when there is in the Between the windows are rude paintings of Sir and called attention to the brasses, one of these
market a work of rare artistic quality, the fight Bevis and his squire. On passing outside the being a full length, a reproduction of an early
of the Centaurs and Lapith.'e by Piero di Cosimo, heraldry, now nearly obliterated, was noted, original thrown away during the restoration.
which we noticed at length in a previous issue. and then an advance was made round the town The chantry chapel in the cloisters was for some
It is long since an Italian picture of the fifteenth walls, wliich were examined wliero possible. time a gi.i'u store, and in KiL'it was the College
century of such capital importance, both as a Some large twelfth century vaults were inspected library now it is the chapil for the younger
;
IGG THE ATHEN^UM N3901, Aug. 2,1902
boys. The window at the cast end is from the the canons that the king built the castle. Abbey, a Cistercian house founded in 1204.
larger chapel. Proceeding next to Wolvesey Repairs and payments are mentioned in the Mr. Brakspear, who is at present engaged in
Castle or Palace, the members were received by Pipe Rolls in 119.3. In 1217 the castle was to excavating the ground plan, became the guide,
the Mayor and the President of the Hampshire be demolished, but this was not done, and in and, standing in a sheltered corner of the
Arch;oologic!il Society. Mr. N. C. H. Nisbet, 1218 there were repairs. In the early four- cloisters, gave a good account. There is an old
who had made some excavations on the spot, teenth century much work was done, but this is plan already marked on the grass by chalk heaps,
exhibited his ground plan and gave the history nowhere visible. In the time of Edward III. but, unfortunately, it was not made from exact
of the castle, built by Henry de Blois, 1129-71, the gates were enlarged. The accounts of knowledge and so is not correct. The abbey
the great local builder of the transitional period. Richard II., 1396-99, show the building of the was one of the largest houses in England. Inside
The facing stones were sold in tlie seventeenth chapel and the kitchen, which thus dates these the door of the cloister, as entered from the
and eighteenth centuries for building purposes. buildings. The later works were Elizabethan. church, there were shelves for books, and another
The keep is like that of Taunton. The survey, tewp. James I., by Norden is worth book cupboard a little further on. Behind the
At the evening meeting, Mr. E. W. Brabrook reading as it contains much relating to the hall. latter was the vestry then came the chapter- ;
in the chair, Mr. St. .John Hope read a paper It is not easy to decide how the entrance was house, which was very small compared with that
on '
English Fortresses and Castles in the defended. The keep is exceedingly plain, and, of earlier monasteries. Next came the parlour
Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Centuries.' He as usual, divided by a cross wall. The Rev. and the entrance From the dor-
to the infirmary.
spoke of the forts built by the Danes during J. D. Henderson added some account of the mitory, instead of the stairs as usual leading
the second half of the ninth century, of those castle and of the prisoners of war at various direct into the church, they are in the wall.
of the English during the first quarter of the times secured there. The drive to Titchfield On the south side is the warming-room, and
tenth century, and those built by the Normans. Church followed, where the Rev. R. A. R. then the frater or refectory, now the parish
Those of the Danes dating back to a.d. 876 White acted as guide. The foundations of the church. It has been used as a church from
were only temporary defences. The Normans tower were Saxon or early Norman. His prede- the time of the suppression. The kitchen is
brought the castle to England. The moated cessor had carted away three Norman arches and entirely gone, but the service hatch remained,
mounds or burhs had as a chief characteristic pillars, but drawings of the church as it was a perfect example of its kind. The lavatories
a mound with a ditch outside. Then there remain. The chancel is Norman. Mr. Peers were very large with round basins of Purbeck
were double burhs, where there should be two thought it might be accepted that the base of stone. On the west side is a long lane, per-
mounds. This had been the view of Mr. G. T. the tower was Saxon. The tower was originally haps a cloister for the lay brothers. This day
Clarke ; but he doubted Mr. Clarke's conclu- not so high as now. The chalices were exhi- happened to be that fixed for the local Corona-
sions. A burh was, he considered, not a mound, bited and two large flagons. tion /t^e, and especially a great tea for the
but a fortified or stockaded town, somewhat At Place House, or Titchfield Abbey, the youngsters, so the visitors, on entering the
larger than a village. At Carisbrooke one ward Rev. G. W. Minns supplied information. It " warming-room," found a number of ladies
was never completed by masonry, and so that was a house of White Canons, some of whom it cutting bread and butter, of which there seemed
portion was now gone. By means of lantern- would seem were unruly. One was charged already to be a good cartload, and arranging
slides examples of the mounds and the castlfe with spending the night in drinking and brawl- sweets and cakes. visit to the frater or A
work, as shown on the Bayeux tapestry, ing ;another took the fish from the pond. refectory and to the dormitory of the lay
were exhibited. In consequence of the use There were fourteen brethren. It had been the brothers ended the perambulation. At the
of Latin and Anglo-Saxon words the argu- property of the Wriothesley family. The gate house Lord Montagu gave its history, described
ment was not clear to many. In the discus- was original and was the last that Charles I. the outer gate, and the site of the great barn
sion which followed the President dwelt on passed through as a free man. An exhibition and the mills and ponds. The great gate or
this, and was sceptical as to the proffered was kindly provided here of portraits, old draw- entrance is now incorporated as the front of the
arguments. ings, plans, and pedigrees. After a walk round house. On the drive homeward a stop was
On Thursday the programme included Port- the outside, carriages were taken for Fareham made to examine a tumulus, on which Dr.
chester castle and church, and Roman fort, and so home by train. Munro discoursed. Hythe was reached in good
and a drive to Titchfield. Mr. Hope, at the In the evening the members were the guests time, and the boat caught just as a storm from
gateway at Portchester, speaking of the Roman of the Mayor of Southampton and the Hamp- the south-west was working up. As usual, there
fort, said it was of late construction, perhaps of shire Archseological Society at a conversazione was no evening meeting.
the fourth century. It was doubtful whether in the Hartley Hall. The maces, the silver oar, On Monday, July 28th, the proceedings were
the towers were solid or hollow, probably and other regalia of the corporation were dis- confined to Winchester Cathedral, under the
hollow. Openings had been made in mediiseval played on the platform, and were in the course skilled guidance of Mr. St. John Hope. On
times, but the towers were original. Of the of the evening described by Mr. Hope. The Tuesday the ruins of the palace at Bishop's
inner buildings nothing was known what there
;
Black Book and Oak Book, two old records, Waltham and the church were inspected, also
may have been was probably cleared away when were discussed by Mr. Dale. There was also Wans ford.
the priory came. The site and the sweep of the an exhibition of rare books and prints of local
Roman defences could be seen. On passing interest. SALES.
round the outside a stop was made at the On Friday the first visit was to Netley Abbey, Messrs. Christie, Manson & Woods sold on
mediasval water-gate, and then the circle was where Mr. Micklethwaite took up the guidance. the 23rd ult. the following engravings. After
completed. Inside the towers were seen open, Returning to the hotel for luncheon in the after- Hoppner Mrs. Benwell, by W. Ward, 42L ;
:
but whether they were of the fourteenth century noon, the party went by rail to Romsey. At the Lady Louisa Manners, by C. Turner, 131?. ;
could not be determined. The Roman arch of Abbey Mr. Doran Webb discoursed. Next all Mrs. Whitbread, by S. W. Reynolds, 40L By
the water-gate was pointed out. In the church proceeded to Broadlands by invitation. The J. R. Smith The Promenade at Carlisle House,
:
the Rev. .J. D. Henderson gave its history. The return train was late, but in time home was 4t2l. After Reynolds Mrs. Musters, by J. R. :
Elizabethan work was probably due to Sir reached. Smith, 29?. Master Braddyll, by J. Grozer,
;
Thomas Cornwallis, who then resided in the At the evening meeting, Mr. Evelyn Ashley 37?.; Mrs. Billington as St. Cecilia, by J. Ward,
castle. The church fell into partial ruin about in the chair, Mr. J. C. Moens read a 65?. After Lawrence Miss Croker, by S. :
16G5, when, being used for prisoners of war, paper On the AflForestation of the New Forest
'
Cousins, 75?. ; Marchioness of Exeter, 50?.
it was set on fire. It was restored in 1710 by by the Norman Kings.' In the course of his After Greuze Le Baiser Envoye, by C.Turner,
:
Queen Anne, and the account sheet of expenses remarks he mentioned the disputes as to 136?. After Opie A Sleeping Nymph, by P. :
hangs in the vestry. One item is : "Paid for whether there was any devastation when the Simon, 34?. After Morland The Story of :
a hogshead of beer to drink the queen's forest was formed. One historian having said Letitia, by J. R. Smith (the set of six), 99?. ;
health, 3L 10s." One of the old bench-ends, this, others copied him. The New Forest was The Return from Market, by the same, 39?.
found placed with the carved side to the a forest before Domesday, and William was not By W. Ward Louisa Mildmay, 27?. After D,
:
wall, is now in the chancel. On the south the founder, but the enlarger, as he added Gardner Mrs. Gwynne and Mrs. Bunbury, by
:
side traces of the conventual buildings can 17,000 acres. There were rights to the honey and W. Dickinson, 75?. After Schroeder Countess :
wall. The foundations of the nave project on the Domestic Architecture of the Isle of Wight.' After Romney Mrs. Jordan as the Romp, by
:
inside about eighteen inches from the face of the Some views and ground plans were exhibited, After Wheatley Winter, by
J. Ogborne, 26?. :
wall, a fact which might point to the existence but the details of the lecture were architectural Bartolozzi, 50?.
of an earlier church. The south side shows rather than historical. The same firm sold on the 24th ult. various
two relieving arches, but it is difficult to say On Saturday a visit to Beaulieu Abbey, St. etchings and engravings. After Lawrence :
what these were for. Mr. Micklethwaite pointed Leonards, and Dibden formed the programme. Countess Gower and Child, by S. Cousins, 42?.
out that the eastern partis the most interesting, Hythe was duly reached, where carriages were After Meissonier Les Renseignements, by A.
:
as it has suffered less in restoration. In the ready. The first stop was at the Monks' Well, Partie Perdue, by F. Bracque-
Jacquet, 42?. ;
inner ward Mr. Hope took up the story. Early where Lord Montagu was waiting. His lordship mond, 42?. After Landseer The Stag at Bay, :
mention of this place is extremely rare. In gave a clear account or history of the well and by T. Landseer, 48?. By J. M. Whistler:
Domesday there is no castle, a hall only is men- the care he had taken to preserve it. All then Scenes on the Thames (set of sixteen), 63?.
tioned it must have been after the removal of
; again took carriage and proceeded to Beaulieu By A. H. Haig Mont St. Michel, 32?. :
'
leaning her head on her left hand, 34l)L Lancret, exact portraits of Luther, Calvin, and other H. Yicars, and H. Frewin. There will be a
Fetes Chanipotres (a pair), 525J. ; A Fete Cham- eminent Reformers among the "scribes" de- band of sixty-five, a chorus of ninety-two, and a
petre, with archers, 29-lZ. nouncing Christ before Pilate in the Passion- ballet of twenty members.
"
scenes in the garden of "Ad Sanctos Martyres
at Essen.
DRAMA
We referred to the possibility of a third Salon MUSIC PLAYS.
in this column some time ago {Athenaum, April
19th), and a "Salon d'Automne " has now been
We are Seven Ilalf-JIours on the Stage.
: By
detiaitely constituted, supported not only by
Hamilton Aide'. (Murray.) The plays on which
Mr. Hamilton Aidd has bestowed the (juaintly
artists, but also by art critics and collectors.
Theopera season, which opened with Wagner, Wordsworthian title of We are Seven have ' '
The committee is strong, including MM. Gustave closed on Monday evening withVerdi, whose 'Rigo enjoyed exceptional good fortune. More than
(leflFroy, Huysmans, Frantz Jourdain, Emile
letto was given with an excellent cast, including
'
half of them have seen the light in important
Verhaeren, Bourgeois, Paul and Ame'd^e Buft'et,
Madame Melba as Gilda and Signor Caruso as periodicals, such as the Nineteenth Century, the
Eugene Carriere, Dreyfus - Gonzales, P. A. Duca. The chief successes have, in fact, been
II Fortnvjlitly lievietv, and the Anglo - Sjxon
Laurens, Pierre Laurens, Camille Lefevre,
made in Italian and French opera. The ad- lievieiv, and three of them have been played by
Louis Morin, Willette, and many others. The
miration for Wagner is as strong, we believe, as leading artists. 'A Gleam in the Darkness,'
experiment of an autumn exhibition will be
ever, but the performances of his works, in spite which comes first, was presented in a transla-
watched with much interest in this country.
of many a good artist, have not, on the whole, tion by Madame Bernhardt in London and in
M. F. HiMKERT has been elected a member been satisfactory hence great singing has
; Paris. ' A
Lesson in Acting was interpreted '
of the Acadt^mie des Beaux-Arts, in place of carried the day. The revival of 'Elisird'Amore' by Mrs. Kendal and Mr. Gilbert Hare and ;
the late Benjamin Constant, by eighteen votes was an experiment which is scarcely likely to be All or Nothing was rendered, at some date
' '
against thirteen obtained for M. F. Flameng. repeated. The success of Miss Smyth's opera which must be remote, by Madame Modjeska
M. Humbert has been one of the leading artists '
Der Wald is gratifying.
'
It will probably and Mr. Johnstone Forbes-Robertson. Inter-
in Paris for many years ; his '
Femme Mau- induce her to make another and bolder venture, preters of this rank are not often obtained
resque at the Salon of 1869 created a sensation,
'
and it ought also to encourage other native in the case of plays which occupy no more
but he had exhibited at the Salon four years composers who are seeking after fame in this than half an hour in performance and are
previously. His Pro Patria,' 188G, is one of
'
high and difficult branch of art. obviously in their inception intended for
the most successful decorations at the Pantheon. amateurs. In the case of works of so
The preliminary prospectus of the twenty-
Of late years he has painted a large number of short breath almost impossible for
seventh Norfolk and Norwich Triennial Fes- it is
portraits, those of women suggesting English a dramatist to get into his stride. We find,
tival has been forwarded to us. The
rather than French influences. Perhaps his accordingly, few of the gifts that distinguished
performances from October 21st to 25th
two best-known portraits are those of M. J. 'Philip' and 'A Nine Days' Wonder.' Neat-
inclusive will be held in St. Andrew's Hall.
Lemaitre and of Marchand. ness of construction and lightness of touch are,
On Tuesday evening will be performed Sir
The death occurred a few days ago of M. Hubert Parry's '
Ode
to Music,' under his own however, generally apparent, and A Gleam '
Georges Jehan Yibert, a distinguished French direction, and Arthur Sullivan's Golden ' in the Darkness has power.
'
It describes a
artist, who also achieved success as a writer of brief episode in the life of a woman who, under
Legend on'
; Wednesday, Mendelssohn's
plays. He was born in Paris sixty-two years 'Elijah,' and in the evening Dr. Cowen's what may almost be called ade(juate provoca-
ago, and was a pupil of F. Barrias. Although new tion, has killed her husband, and while the
'
Coronation Ode '
(first time), a orchestral
almost unknown in this country, M. Yibert had suite,'London Day by Day,' by Sir A. C. officers of justice are almost at her door shows
many admirers who bought his work in America. Mackenzie, and a concert overture, ' Youth,' by hospitality to a young sailor whose years
He was at one time a constant exhibitor at the Mr. Arthur Hervey, both composed expressly nearly correspond to those of her dead son. In
Salon, but of late years had been only an occasional the hands of Madame Bernhardt the figure of
for the festival, all three novelties being given
contributor his last exhibit was in 1899, when this woman may well have been impressive. In
;
under the direction of the respective composers.
he sent a picture with the title L'Aigle et le '
Renard,' a game at piquet between Xapoleon ambitiously Miss Woffington Oldtield, and played
hoven's c minor Symphony and to Yerdi's
and Cardinal Fesch in the imperial chambers at 'Requiem,' while the evening programme will by Mrs. Kendal, teaches a rather cocksure
Fontainebleau. Star Song amateur how to rehearse the balcony scene in
include Dr. Horatio Parker's '
Mr. Johx Hassall is publishing through (Op. 54), Mr. Frederick Cliffe's scena for 'Romeo and Juliet.' 'The Brudenels,' the
Messrs. Dean & Son an 'ABC' book with contralto, 'Alcestis,' both written for the scene of which is an inn at Orvieto, depicts a
coloured designs. The work, which is in his festival, and Sir C. Yilliers Stanford's not very probable scene of explanation and
best style, consists of twenty-six humorous pic- 'Irish Rhapsody' (Op. 78, No, 1) and Mr. reconciliation between a wife and a husband,
tures of all sorts and conditions of people, Herbert Bedford's Romeo and Juliet Love
*
'
from whom she has withheld the explanation
whose eccentricities are hit off by alliterative Scene, both given for the first time, and all four that she was when she married him a divorcee.
adjectives. The 'ABC
will be Mr. Hassall's works conducted by their respective composers. 'All or Nothing is also a scene of reconciliation
'
sole Christmas book for this season, and will be On Friday morning will be given Gounod's between an English husband and an Italian
accompanied by clever verses by Mr. G. E, 'Redemption,' and in the evening a dramatic wife, each of whom has conceived an unreason-
Farrow, author of Wallypugs,' &c.'
cantata, Werther's Shadow,' by Mr. Alberto
' able jealousy of the other. Jealousy is likewise
Dr. G. C. Williamson is preparing an im- Randegger, jun., which will be heard for the the subject of ' Colourblind,' a comedy, the
portant book on the miniaturists Andrew and first time in England. The scheme is, there- scene of which is in Yenice, and in which a
^Nathaniel Plimer, including some reference to fore, one of considerable interest. The prin- Yenetian atmosphere is preserved. Two '
a relation of theirs, one Mary Ann Knight, who cipal vocalists will be Mesdames Albani and Strings to a Beau shows a Lothario, who,
'
also painted good miniature jjortraits, but whose Lillian Blauvelt, Miss Margaret Macintyre, arriving at a country house in pursuit of a girl
work is very little known. He asks collectors Mesdames Clara Butt and Kirkby Lunn, and with whom he has been smitten when abroad,
possessing miniatures by any of these three Miss Ada Crossley, also Messrs. Ben Davies and unexpectedly finds two sisters, his memories of
artists to communicate with him, and particularly Andrew Black. The festival will be, as usual, whom are ecjually tender, and between whom he
desires the loan of any papers, letters, &c., under the direction of Mr. Alberto Randegger. hesitates to choose until both unite in sending
relating to the brothers Plimer, who were him about his business. 'A Table d'Hute,'
Messr-s. Frank Rendle and Neil Forsyth
notable artists and pupils of Piichard Cosway, lastly, is a picture of nuptial misunderstandings
send details respecting the forthcoming Moody
R.A. The book is to be published early next in a restaurant and has a mildly satirical aim.
Manners season of opera in English at Covent
year by Messrs Bell Sons. &
It will be richly These various trifles seem suited for the pur-
Garden, to commence on Monday, August 25th,
illustrated and issued in a limited edition. poses for which they are designed, and nnght bo
and to continue for five weeks; ordinary theatre
The Belgian "Gilde de St. Thomas et St. prices will be charged. The proposed scheme
commended to amateurs were not the intro-
duction superfluous in the case of works already
Luc," which devotes itself to Christian arch;(,o- includes four works by Wagner ('Tannhiiuser,'
logy, has published a learned and valuable 'Lohengrin, "Tristan, 'and 'Siegfried'); popular
well known in such ([uarters.
report of its art-pilgrimages in the autumn oi)eras,'Trovatore,' 'Martha,' 'Faust,' 'Carmen,' Domestic I'J.rperitneids, anil <ilher I'laiis. By
of last year to such places as Emmericli, &c. while native art will be represented by the
;
J. E. M. Aitken. (Lamley & Co ) -This little
Kevelaer, Kempen, and Essen. Interesting 'Lily of Killarney,' 'Maritana,' and the still volume consists of drawing - room jjlnys for
-descriptions of the architectonic treasures, flourishing 'Bohemian Girl.' *
La Gioconda' amateurs, and is wholly suited to it.s purpose.
paintings, and abundant relics of ecclesiastical will be revived, and an opera by Signor Pizzi Scarcely any scenery is refpiired the conversa- ;
art are interspeistd with quaint religious inter- will be given. The principal singers will be tion is easy and natural, and has even a certain
jections from the standjioint of the Belgian Mesdames Blanche Marchesi, Fanny Moi^dy, amount of humour. Four out of the five plays
'
consist of ;i comic presentation of the results to has been the most recent success at the Vaude- LIST.
be expected when in the houses of the nonveavx ville. To explain the symbolical significance of
riches domestic servants are sought in the upper the French title is difficult. The fable is New List post free on application.
classes. founded on an article in the Civil Code
Theatye de Mt'dhar
Jhdenj. Vols. VT.
et which prohibits marriage between a man or
SECOND edition, REVISED.
and VII. (Paris, - Levy.) Without
Calmann woman divorced for adultery and the partner 2 vols. large post 8vo, \Ss. net.
containing any masterpiece the sixth and in the offence. In order to evade the law
seventh volumes of the collected plays of and to meet a singular combination which The LIFE of NAPOLEON I., in-
springs from it Roger de Gardannes has to New Materials from the
clu(1in{( British Official ijecords.
Meilhac and Haluvy explain fully the vogue By JO}IN liOLLAND ROSK, M.A., late Scholar of
enjoyed by those sparkling and essentially marry in name only a woman he will after- Christ's College, Cambri<1ge. With numerous Illustra-
wards divorce in order to marry seriously tions, Maps, and Plans.
Parisian dramatists when they were content " say that Mr. .1. H. Kose has written the best life of Napoleon
I'o
with the Palais Royal, and had not yet aimed another woman with whom he has a liaison. yet publislied is but faint praipc, far less than lie deserves, often as the
The spouse employed as a stopgap is la passerelle. task has been attempted."
J/me.s.
at the Comedie Fran^aise, which, indeed, seemed ' Within its very wide limits t* is work - we have no hesitation in
as far beyond their potentialities as their hopes. In this part Madame Re'jane reappeared in saying It is amonjfst tlie strongest, most enlightened, and, best of all.
most reasonable biOKi-aphiee of the ^iant that have been written and ;
One piece in each volume takes a rather higher February last at the Vaudeville after a year's indeed in impartiality it perhaps surpasses them all. No one can read
through its vigorous pages without feeling himself engaged at once
flight than the others. 'Fanny Lear,' a five- absence from its boards. She played the and admiringly by the hittriographic pictureffque and analytic
(fualities that cnnibined to their making It is rare to find the scholar,
act comedy, was produced on August 13th, passerelle, who proves so charming that she the p'ditical specialist, and the desciipiive war correspondent in one;
becomes the real and not the sham wife. yet Mr. Kose will thrill you in battle no less than he will impress you
18G8, at the Gymnase, was transferred on April in debate." 0(f(/ooA-.
24th, 1875, to the Vaudeville, and on February Madame Rejane brought this piece over on her
14th, 1880, to the Odeon, or second TheTitre late visit, but for some reason did not produce it. Svo, lis. net.
Franais. This double change of home is the The production of La Passerelle involves* '
FRIEDRICH SCHILLER, The LIFE
more remarkable since the play, which, for the naturally the postponement at the Duke of and WORKS of. By CALVIN THOMAS, Professor in
Columbia University. With Portrait and other Illus-
rest, was given in an unfavourable season, had York's of the new comedy by Mr. Pinero, which trations.
but a cold reception. A comedy in the first will probably not see the light until October. " Prof. Thomas's book is a work o{ serious study, which claims acd
two acts, it developes later into what is known The cast with which this will be given includes, rewards attention." Acnlcutij and Literature.
" Jiy far the most adequate woik upon Schiller as jet accessible, to
as a problem play, showing the manner in in addition to Miss Irene Vanbrugh and Mr. our knowledge, in English. .Maiu-ltester (jnardiun.
"
which a rich courtesan, who has married an H. B. Irving, Mr. Dion Boucicault, Miss Nancy
imbecile marquis, endeavours to force her way Price, Miss Muriel Beaumont, and Miss Sarah SECOND EDITION, crown Svo, 6j. net.
Actors so renowned as MM.
into society.
Pujol, Parade, and Paul Mounet were in turns
Brooke. LINE and FORM. By Walter Crane.
On Saturday, the 23rd, the Haymarket will With 157 Illustrations.
the Marquis de Noriolis ; Madame Pasca and reopen with 'There's Many a Slip,' Capt.
after her Madame Tessandier was La Marquise Marshall's version of La Bataille de Dames.'
'
SECOND EDITION, crown Svo, 6i. net.
(Fanny Lear). 'Carmen, 'produced at the Opera On August 27th the Comedy will reopen with
Comique on March 3rd, 1875, is better known The BASES of DESIGN. By Walter
'
A Woman of Impulse,' by Mr. Victor Widnell, CKANE. With2uO Illustrations.
by the music of Bizet than by the libretto, the title of which will, however, be changed.
which, of course, is drawn from the nouvelle of This piece, first seen on March 24th at the SECOND EDITION, KEVISED. Royal Svo, 15s. net.
Merimde. In Le Petit Due,' given January 25th,
'
Court Theatre, Liverpool, and transferred a
1878, at the Renaissance, with the music of fortnight later to the Princess of Wales's
The PRINT-COLLECTOR'S HAND-
Charles Lecocq, the libretto, which is written BOOK. By ALFKED WHITMAN, of the Department
Theatre, Kennington, shows a daughter incur- of Prints and Drawings, British Museum, Author oJ
with much spirit, is of more account. Les '
ring unjust suspicion for the sake of shielding 'Mastets of Mezzotint.' With 80 Illustrations.
Brigands,' a three - act opera, with music by the honour of her father.
Offenbach, was first seen at the Varidtes, 18G9, Crown Svo, 3s.
Three days later the month's novelties will 6a!.
piece, with which the new theatre in St. Martin's the University of Birmingham.
Royal. The first - named, which is in four
acts, obtained a conspicuous success, and is
Lane will open.
played. Through it runs a vein of satire yard Kipling being dramatized by Mr. Cosmo
is
Hamilton for Mrs. Lewis Waller, who will appear
An INTRODUCTION to CHE^
genuinely Parisian. The scenery also added MISTRY. By MACNAIR, Ph.D. B.Sc, H.M.
D. S.
to the popularity of a piece which needs for in it at the Royalty on September Gth. Inspector of Science Schools.
This book is intended to provide a Second Year's Course in Praetica?
its full enjoyment a Parisian audience. Lou- ' Quality Street,' by Mr. J. M. Barrie, first
'
Science for pupils who have already pone through a course of Labora-
tory Work in Elemental y IMiysics. The aim of the author has been
lou '
a one-a.ct folie-vaiideville.
is Le Prince,' ' produced at Detroit in October last, will be given to lead the beginner in Chemistry, by a series of simple and logically
at the Vaudeville on September 15th. connected experiments, chiefly of a quantitative nature, to an under-
given November
25th, 1876, is in four acts, of Miss standing of some of the most important principles of the science and
which only the first pleased the public. In Ellaline Terriss will replace Miss Maude Adams of the methods of investigation by which they have been established,
beginning with a study of the changes which lake place in the rusting:
spite of fine performances by Geoffrey and as Pbtebe Throssel and Miss Marion Terry will of iron, the student is led on to tr-e investigation of the composition of
air and water, and so to the chemical changes that occur in the burning
Lheritier the play does not count among the be Susan Throssel. of a candle, in the conversion of chalk into quicklime, and in the action
of common acids upon metals. Tlie book will be found specially well
successes of the authors. Sarah Grand is said to be completing for pro- suited for use in Irish Intermediate Schools, covering as it does the
duction in the autumn a play which she began whole of the scheme outlined in the circulars of the Department ofc
Agriculture and Technical Instruction.
in collaboration with Mr. Robert Buchanan,
her present associate being Mr. George R. Sims.
The cast with which The Bishop's Move is ' '
The final performance of 'The Merry Wives ABBEY HISTORY READERS.
revived at the Garrick is identical with that FRANCIS AIDAN GASQUET, D.Bv
of Windsor ' is fixed for the 8th inst. Edited by the Rt. Rev.
with which it was first performed on June 7th,
and includes Miss Violet Vanbrugh as the
The insistence of the County Council on the EARLY ENGLISH HISTORY (Adapted for Standard III )..
immediate carrying out of the alterations it Containing 12 Stories from Early English History to the-
Duchess and Mr. Arthur Bourchier as Bishop Norman Conquest. With 30 Illustrations. 163 pages, Is.
Ambrose. A Pair of Knickerbockers,' by Mr.
'
commands in the Lyceum will prevent the pro-
STORIES from ENGLISH HISTORY, 1066-1485 (Adapted
mised appearance at that house of Miss Nance for Standard IV.). Containing 20 Stories and Biographies
Eden Phillpotts, was the lever de rideau. from the Norman Conquest to the end of Wars of the Koses.
O'Neil, who, however, will appear at the
With the reopening of the Garrick the Adelphi in a version of Sudermann's Heimat '
With 31 Illustrations. 190 pages. Is. 3d.
autumn season makes what would once have The TUDOR PERIOD, 148.5-1603 (Adapted for Standards
on September 1st. v.). With 43 Illustrations. 169 pages. Is. 'id.
been considered a premature commencement.
The STUART PERIOD, 16u3-1714 (Adapted for Standard
The example set is not likely to be immediately VI.). With 51 Illustrations. 220 pages. Is. Qd.
Erratum. P. 133, col. 1, line 47, for "axe sanctuary"
followed. During the month, however, four read cave sanctuary. The HANOVERIAN PERIOD, 1714-1S37; (Adapted iozs
theatres will reopen with novelties. To CORRESPOXDESTS. J. C. W. J. D. R. J. B. Standard VII.). With IS Illustrations. 192 pages, Is. Oii.
First on the list of these comes the Duke of C. F. G. M.
received.
T. S. O. Better suited for Notes and Queries. London : GEORGE BELL &. SONS,.
York's, at which on the 19th will be given an No York Street, Covent Garden.
notice can be taken of anonymous communications.
N 3901, Aug. 2, 1902 THE ATHENiEUM 1 r,9
" The Gardeners Chronicle lias faithfully held to its promises. It is still, to-day, the
best gardening journal, being indispensable equally to the practical gardener and the man of
science, because each finds in it something useful. We wish the journal still further success.'^
Garten Flora, Berlin, January 15, 1900.
" The Gardeners Chronicle is the leading horticultural journal of the world, and an
historical publication. It has always excited our respectful admiration. A country is
honoured by the possession of such a publication, and the greatest honour we can aspire to
is to furnish our own country with a journal as admirably conducted."
Le Semaine Horticole, February 13, 1897.
free. All Foreign Subscriptions, including postage, 17s. 6d. for Twelve Montlis. P.0.0. to be made
payable at the Post Office, Great Queen Street, London, W.C., to H. G. Cove. Cheques sliould be crossed
*'
Drummond.''
May be ordered of all Booksellers and Newsagents, and at the Railway Bookstalls,
Every Saturday, of any Bookseller or Newsagent in England, price 4c?, ; or free by post to the Continent, 4|c?.
A MEDIUM
NOTES AND QUERIES:
OF INTERCOMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN AND GENERAL READERS.
%* Subscription, 10s. Zd. for Six Months ; 20*. Qd.for Twelve Months, including postage.
The Eighth Series of NOTES AND QUERIES, each Volume, contains, in addition to a great
complete in 12 vols, price 10s. Gc7.
variety of similar Notes and Replies, Articles of Interest on the following Subjects.
FIRST SELECTION.
ENGLISH, IRISH, and SCOTTISH HISTORY. POPULAR and PROVERBIAL SAYINGS.
King
Churches
Alfred's
Child
Statue in London
Commissions in the
Queen Anne's Fifty New
Army Beckford's Speech
pie Bed
Abraham's Bosom Adam's Ale "All alive and kicking" Apple-
Baling out the Atlantic Babies in the Eyes " Beak "
to George III.
Curfew Bell Queen
Anne Boleyn Greater for Magistrate BeanfeastBorn Days Hangout the Broom
Britain (ienuine Relics of Charles I.
Siege of Derry
Market at Dover The Emerald Isle French Prisoners of War
Slave
Three Estates of the Realm Feer and Flet " He 's an honest
man and eats no fish" "Let us walk down Fleet Street"
Fathers of the House of Commons George III.'s Title, Fool's paradise
" Man of Ghent."
1751_60 Charles I. at Little Gidding. PHILOLOGY.
BIOGRAPHY. Abif Abigail Lady's-maid Adam's
for Name Wonderful
Dr. Abernethy and Hunter
Addison and Shakspeare Age of Arabic Word Ale-dagger Alternative, Misuse " Animal- its
Alexander the Great Major Andre Matthew Arnold's Burial- culse "Incorrect Derivation of Argon " At that Betterment "
Imitatione Christi
Junius's Letters
'
'Nickleby Married'
FINE ARTS.
'Rattlin the Reefer' Juvenile Authors Beaconsfield Biblio- " ghosts Blocks by Bewick "
graphy Leap-frog Bible Raffling for Bibles Books sold by
Free Societies of Artists Artists'
First Illustrations to Hudibras Portraits of Beau Brummel
' '
Coleridge
'
and Symbolistes Characters in Dickens Frankenstein and his trations.
Monster Froude's Nemesis of Faith.'
"
ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS.
POPULAR ANTIQUITIES and FOLK-LORE. Abbe or Abbot Double Abbey Churches Adders on Pulpits
All Fools' Day Almond Tree Superstition Braying of Asses Agbar's Letter to our Lord
Rush-bearing Sunday Holy Water
Ball-playing inChurchyards Banagher Sand Bleeding Bread in Anglican Church
Bachelors' Door in Churches Mortality of
Cakebread Superstition A rbor Day in Canada Thieves'
Bermondsey Priors Metropolitan Bishopric Bishops' Wigs
Candles Cats roasted on John's Day Chalking the Un-
St.
Burial by Torchlight Vegetarian Monks Cantate Sunday
married Cherry Blossom Festival Cornish Fishermen's Super- Cardinal of St. Paul's
Post-Reformation Chancel Screens
Parish Cow Cuckoo walled "Curse of Scotland"
stitions in
Weeping Chancels Wicked Prayer Book Fonts at East End
Demons' Objection Hot WaterRecord Thirteen Dinner
to of Churches.
Divining Rod Luck of Edenhall Egg Saturday Hunting the CLASSICAL SUBJECTS.
Ram Eton Evil Eye Recovering Drowned Bodies German
at " Ave, C^sar, " Beati possidentes
morituri te salutant " "
Bands and Rain -Washing on Holy Thursday Peacock Feathers "Bos locutus est" "Cane Decane, canis" " Civis Romanua
Cures Rheumatism Sneezing Breeding Stones Wheat
for sum " De mortuis
" bonum Delphin
nil nisi "
Classics
thrown Weddings Shower of Frogs.
at " quod vis" Echo
Dilige, et fac Latin Lines "Erubuit; in
I>OETRY, BALLADS, and DRAMA. salva res " Exceptio
est " probat regulam " Fiat "
experi-
Actors Dying on the Stage Actresses' Train-boys 'Address to
.
mentum corpore
in
"Generosus
vili'' non nascitur fit."
Ernulphus Waterloo Hallroom - Haselock Family Danes in the Hook of the Acts of tlie .\postles: being the Hulscnn Lectures
St.
Pembroke Borough of Bishop's Siortford Forster Russian
Story.
for 19(H>-1;K)1 .\n Introduction to the 'Thessalonian Epistles, con-
;
SHORT STORIES.
Cat "
Candace " Endorsement " Kennett's Whaif
Company STATE PAPERS and CALENDARS. CONTAINS
Mullft " Met "National Flag Orange Hlossoms
Mallet " or RECENT WORK on PLATO.
"Keatiti- vision .\stonish the natives Waldby Family
OCR LIBRARY "T.YBLE :-Lord Strathcona War Horses Present and
Arms Stonins the Wren Marks on Table Linen .sixes and Future; As'oka; Durham Account Rolls; Swift"s I'rose Works;
;
NOTES ON
sevens' .\nieriean Edition of Dickens Locomotive and Gas Colonial Government; A View of Hindoo Society; An English
Fleetwood Pedigree Lady Nottingham
Ainsworlh llyron"s Girl in Paris Western .\ustralia,
Grandfather Halley Family Heuskarian Rarity- Slang of the LIST of NEVV BOOKS
;
Past Hook-markers Phaei Grace befoie Meat Hox Harry"" HERE'S a HEALTH UNTO HIS MAJESTY; MR KKGAN PALL;
Bobbins Family lib s Eve. SAMOAN SACRED ANIMALS; EDMUND PVLE, D.D FROM Bible Authorized Version Bishops' Signatures
: :
Notices to Correspondents. SCIENCE -Millais on Surface- feeding Ducks; History of Geology; riage his Tjast Y^ears
;
Bourne, West, Meaning
Gossip.
FINK ARTS : Mr. Goodalls Reminiscences; Two Catalogues; Tho
and Origin of the Word Burns (Robert) and Jphn
Labyrinth and the Palace of Knossos Sales Gossip.
Logan Bull Baiting previous to Sale
"'
The XVMBER for JVLY iO contains; MUSIC ;-^' Don Giovanni"; I'roduction of Der "Wald'; Royal
; ;
of Flesh, its
NOTES: -Cornbote " on Singing
in Barbour's
Birds Thackeray and Homanpathy' Hoping against hope "
'
Bruce ' Landor Academy Students' Performance
Gossip.
Beethoven and ClementI ;
*
Meaning Byron (Lord) his Ancestry.
Shakespeare .illusions lloudicea its Pronunciation - Writing : DRAMA : ' Les Deux ficoles ' ; Gossip.
Carl3le (Thomas) on Symbols CasseU's Marja-
Lessons on Sand .*ale of the Old Prince of Wales s Iheatre
From the lone shieling Scotts Woodstock Schoolboys' "
The A THENMVM for July 10 contains Articles on zine, itsHistory Chamhcrs's Journal, its History
Rights at Weddings Pam=Knave of Clubs Born on the Field of
Waterloo. SIR. HARRY JOHNSTON On the UGANDA PRO'TEC'TORATE.
Chartists Disappearing Chess Playing Legend
QVERIES: References "Wanted- Hodgskin pass through
' I shall
'The RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE.
VARIEl'IES
The HOUSE of PERCY.
of
Children, their Aflirmations Chocolate, its In-
this worli
Governors
Heasley.
Beesley, &c.
of I'ublic Schools " Charley in Popular Rimes
Capt Morris's Wife Spearing
"'
EARLY HISTORY of the FRENCH in NORTH AMERICA.
troduction into England Christians' and Jews'
North-West I'ox from the North- West I'assage," lG"!."i Gounod-
The HOLYHEAD ROAD.
NEW NOVELS : The Conqueror The Eveshams The Searchers
Compulsory Costume Christ's Hospital, Removal
Duke of Brabant- Legend of Lady Alice Lea Butler's Erewhon
King"s-taper'' First love is a rank exotic ""Almond 'Vree and
'
:
ANTHROPOLOGY and FOLK-LORE. "YcIeping"or Clipping, Inn, His-
and the Isle of Man Lady Eli'/abeth Percy.
REPLIES Bruce and Burns-Snodgrass Cipher-Story Bibliography-
AFRICAN PHILOLOGY.
RECENT VERSE. tory of
Coronation Peerages ; Sermons ; Song :
Napoleon's First Marriage .^^ou^ning Sunday 'Dirty Old Man ' PALESTINE and ths JEWS. Medallion.
Likenesses of Jesus Iron Duke ' In an interesting condition "
OUR LIBRARY TABLE : Papers from the '.Saturday Review";
German Letters Comic .Annual' Crossing Knives and Forks-
FINE AR"I'-S ; Art History and Biography; Greek Coins; Miss Female Fighters
Williams's Copies of Velasquez; Oxford 'I'opography Sales; ;
Medals 'Tennis- Jew-j" Way, Gate, &c " Heroina" Metrical OUR LIBRARY TABLE: The Bond of Empire; Mr. Streets Essays;
Palter Ycleping the Church ".Autocrat " in Russian Merry
"
"Westminster and Chelsea; Guide to Historical Novels; Prof. New South Wales, P'irst British Subject born in
England and the Mass Arthur's Crown-" Sixes and sevens ''^
Wilcocks Babies in the eyes " Londres Ainsworth Mrs. LIST
Bury's History of Greece Reprints Books for Children.
of NEW BOOKS.
; ;
Nicknames, Political, of Chamberlain and Billow.
'Thrale s Streatham House "' Flowering Sunday "Yarrow Un- The PLOW.MAN'S TALE'; The LONDON LIBRARY' CATALOGUE;
visitedFollett King's Champion Gladstone an Italian .\ddre83 : The FIREFLY in ITALY; CHATHAM and the CAPTURE of Owens College Jubilee.
Arms of Continental Cities "Trenthara and Gower Families. havana in i;ol'; john clare's library: bellenden's
scots "translation of livy; bibliography of walter Portuguese, Naval Supremacy of.
NOTES ON BOOKS: Arrowsmith'9 'Registers of Wigan '-' Cata- savage landor.
logue of Deeds in the Record Office," Vol. III.' Folk-lore.' Also-
Notices to Correspondents. literary GOSSIP. St. Clement Danes Sleeping Garments, Earliest
SCIENCE : Recent Publications ; Societies ; Meetings Next "Week ; Use of.
Gossip
FINE ARTS:-Van
77i NUMBER for JVLY 12 contains ; Dyck's Sketch-Book Pottery and Porcelain;
Egyptian Anti(iuities at University College Sales; Gossip,
;
NOTES De
Wyk
Laei Family Birmingham Bmmagem Mr. Thorns
and " Wick ""Jacob Verses-Ettigy in Tettenhall Church-
:
" " MUSIC :Glasenapp's Life of Wagner; Opera at Covent Garden;
Crystal Palace I'eace Festival; Mr. Bispham's Recitation of
Origin of the Name Thackeray Thrale (Mrs),
yard
" Reliable " Psendo-Scientitic Novel A Travelled Ooat 'Enoch Arden '; Gossip Performances Next Week. ; her House at Streatham.
'" Elncubration
""Wearing Hats in Church Serjeant8-at-I.Aw under DRAMA-Gossip.
James I. "Returning thanks"''" Rock-bottom prit-es "-Weather-
cock at Exeter Was'ail-bread; Wassail-Land- Disappearance of a
THE ATHENJEUM, EVERY SATURDAY,
Watts-Dunton, his Aylwin' Window Glass,
'
its-
Banking Firm. EarliestUse Windsor Uniform.
QUERIES :-I.amb"s '
SaUn in Search of a Wife' Halley Family- PRICK IHUKEPKNCE, OF
Admiral f.ordon in Ru-^sian Navy Baronets of Nova Scotia Yard of Ale.
" Muthneer "Barbadian Registers- Elizabeth Percy-Greek and
Rnssian Ecclesiastical Vcttmenis Bobbins Family Sanderson
JOHN C. FRANCIS,
Family- H. W. Smyth-stuart Baxter and Cnmmings Knighthood Atherueum Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, Bibliography.
'Fetlocked s "T. Coleridge Fountain Pen Statistical Data-
Hebrew Incantations Arms on FIreliack. E.C. and of all Ne^wsagents.
;
Books recently published.
REPLIES Arms of Eton and \\ inchester- Hymn on King Ed-
ward VII. -National Flag-Dead Nca Level- C. Kabinglon Arms ACCIDENTS OF ALL KINDS, Epigrams.
of Knight!- Ro<,4etti s Raggit-ro Royal Standard Henrv IV 's
Exhumation Green Cnlacky Dcfoe "Circular joys Tili's Eve
"Keep your hair on Aix la-Chapelle " I.upo-mannaro " ' EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY, Epitaphs.
Disappearing Chartists ' Le Fizgcrt Evolution of a Nose-
Daggering Coronation Dress of Bishops Sworn Clerks In
Chancery Stadordsh ire Sheriffs Locomotive and Gas The Author
ACCIDENT AND DISEASE Folk-lore.
of Evil Fonts- r. Phacr<tuotatlon- Authors Wanted Gerald (SMALL POX, SCARLET FEVER, TYPHOID, DIPHTHERIA, &c
Griftin Win'*sor Cnlform-Black Malibran-Att'irney Epitaph
),
The DUNDEE ADVERTISER says : " Than that author there is no more competent interest '
My
Strangest Case must take precedence of any of his previous works.'
'
ev/ writers have an equal power of Ttie i OHKSIJIHE PO.S'7" says : " No work of Mr. Boothby's seems to us to have
and attractive exponent of present day romance.
approached in skill his new story. It is worked out with real ingenuity, and written with
prom!)t fascination. His very first page casts a spell; each final passage in his stories leaves
so much skill that the reader's attention is from first to last rivetted on the narrative."
-the reader thoroiiglily satisfied with the entertainment."
TheyOUKSHlRE fOST says -" weird and fascinating story, which, for real beauty
: A The GLA:>GOW HERALD says : " A wonderful story."
and originalitv, ranl<s far above the ordinary novel."
The RO'-lv says , ..
" One of the cleverest novels that has been written for a long whne.
:
,,
READY SHORTLY.
The DA/LV TELEGIiAPH snys: "Possesses an absorbing interest; it has also an
extraordinary fascination."
The DAILY MAIL says : " Em phatically clever.' GUY BOOTHBY'S NEW NOVEL.
THE KIDNAPPED PRESIDENT.
PROPHET PETER. Great and world-wide as Mr. Boothby's popularity is, the circulationof each new novel from
his pen proves that the heyday of his success has not yet been reached. It is also worthy
By MAYNE LINDSAY, to note that fine and remarkable as all his stories have been, each new one that he issues is
Author of 'The Whirligig,' The Valley of Sapphires,' &c. "
almost unanimously pronounced by press and public alike to be even better than its pre-
decessor. The Kidnapped President will certainly gain that eulogium.
'
The r/.WSS'says : " Prophet Peter is a work of art, that proceeds from a quiet and
'
' '
beautiful opening by natural stages to a necessary conclusion. One most difidcult thing
-the author has succeeded in doing well imparting conviction."
The GLASGOW UEliALl) says : " Excellent. Peter is one of tlie most fascinating
figures in recent fiction. We have nothing but praise for this well-written book."
THREE SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE EACH.
MR. JOSEPH HOCKING'S NEW NOVEL.
CORONATION : a Novel GREATER LOVE.
By BERNARD HAMILTON, The NEWCASTLE CHRONICLE says : " Though of a totally different character
Author of '
The Light,' A Kiss for a Kingdom, &c.
'
from Lest We Forget,' Mr. Hocking's latest story is entitled to take rank along with that
'
fine romance. The story arrests the attention from the first chapters, and soon becomes
The LEEDS MERCURY says : " The author has produced almost an epic. His story highly dramatic."
QUEEN says " Mr. Hocking has one main fact always before him in
'
goes with a splendid swing, and the style a high level.rises to The :
writing his
The SCOTSMAN s&ys :" Makes ideal reading fur the man by whom a good historical
books to interest his readers; and he succeeds admirably in doing so."
movel is beloved."
incident and vividly coloured as good a thing of its kind as one may expect to meet with."
MORNING :-"
;
London and is far more true than >ueh books usually are. Altogether there is in this book a
The POST savs Vastly entertaining."
frank and simple truthfulness an instinctive rejection of what is exaggerated and false
The LIVERPOOL COURIER says: "A most iuteresting and exceedingly well-
which pleases me. It is like life."
written story."
scene with wonderful swing and go A more entertaining and delightful book on the lines the pen of Sir Conan Doyle The author has succeeded in creating a personality scarcely
of The Three Musketeers has not been produced for a long time.
'
less marked and less memorable than Sherlock Holmes, Dr. Nikola, or Captain Kettle.
AKenls for Scotlind. Messrs. Bell & Bradfute and Mr. John Menzies, Edinbui'^ih Saturday, Augu^^t ISOi 1',
::
THE ATHENiEUM
SJoiirnal of Ofncylissl) anti fovtm Xttrratiirf, ^rintrf, tl)f Jfinc ^ils(, iWusfir antr tOr 29rama<
PIIICR
No. 3902. SATURDAY, AUGUST 9, 1902. THREEPENCE
RKG1STK){KI) AS A NK\VSPAPKI{
s TOCKPORT
Streak'London
In the Ordinary Section 4:) Volumes have been issued.
In the Register Section ISj Volumes have been issued.
FREE LIBRARY.
Entrance Fee, lOs. 6d. Annual Subscription, Ordinary Section, li Is. H 'Agisters IS, ipQEteET,
Register ., li. Is. WANTED, an ASSI8TAN T LIBRARIAN, Male, age 20 to 22 Salary ERSET, an
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Chairman of Council-Sir GEORGE J. ARMYIAGE. Hart., F.S.A. 52/. per year. Library experience essential.- Applications, with copies WANTS] CERTIFK,(Ml'EB^f MAJUKlAM I?' ol Mr, ^^ Jstcvens
For til particulars apply to the Secretary and Treasurer. of Testimonials, must be delivered before 12 o'clock TUESDAY, and Mis' Be MiK !rt)0u"l7.'.!l; of Robert 'lj;,i1i^ ai)/ Martha
W. BRUCE BANNERMAN, F.S.A. August 19, addressed to 'Tiie Ch\iu\h-\, Free Library, Stockport. Bewnel N^S, about V'M and Jane Stevens luifC^coia
The Lindens, Sydenham Koad, Croydon. about 18': Ult'THS of .Martha Bewnel Ijft^vcn'/fn 177'.', and
OKce Memorial
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Founded 18.19.
Funds exceed 21,0001.
Hall Buildings, 16, Farringdon Street, London, EC.
The COUNCIL of the METROPOLITAN BOROUGH of WOOLWICH
require the services of a SECOND JUNIOR ASSISTANT LIllRARIAN.
Salary commencing at 70/. per annum. Applicants to be between
uN I V E R S I TY
(
CHAIR OF PERSIAN.
CITLL EGE,
University of London, i
LONDON.
19 and '26 years of age. Preference will be given to those who have
Patron :
hailprevious experience in Public Library Work The COUNCIL will proceed, at the opening of the Sesbion lLX)'J-1903,
The BJght Hon. the EARL ol ROSEBERY, K.O. Applications in Candidates' own handwriting, enclosing copies to 1)11 the VACANCY
in this ('hair. Applications, accompanied by such
President of three recent Testimonials, to be endorsed "Junior Assistant Testimonials as Candidates may wibh to submit, should reach the
The Right Hon. the LOUD GLENESK. l.ibrarian." and to be sent. ad<iressed to me, at the 'Town Hall, Secretary on or before WEDNESDAY, October 1.
'Woolwich, not later than THURSDAY. August 28, 1902. Full particulars will be sent on application.
Treasurer T. GREGORY FOSTER, Secretary.
Candidates will be required to devote the whole of their time to the
The LONDON and WESTMINSTER BANK, LIMITED. duties of theii' appointment.
K Donation of Ten Guineas constitutes a Vice-President and gives
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Canvassing the Members of the Council will disqualify.
Town Hall,
Bv Order.
Woolwich, July
ARTHUR
20, 1902.
B. BRYCESON, Town Clerk. cBOUNTY COUNCIL
LECTURER IN MINING.
of LANARK.
60 paid.
MEMBERSHIP. Every Man and Woman throughout the United
Kingdom, whether I'ublislier, Wholesaler, Retailer. Employer, or
Employed, is entitleJ to become a Member of this Institution, nnd H E A D MISTRESS. Owing
the post of
to the appointment of the
Lectureship in Mining and Geology
LECTURER in MINING
V.ACAN'T, and applications for the vacancy are Invited.
County Lecturer In Mining to the
In the Glasgow Technical College,
in the C'iUN'TY of is L.ANARK
enjoy its benefits upon pavment of Five Shillings annually, or Three
Guineas for life, provided that he or she is engaged in the sale of The GOVEHNING BODY the AVVGGESTON GIRLS'
of HIGH Salary 2tXJ/ with 'Travelling Expenses.
,
Newspapers. SCHOOL. LEICESTER, invite applications for the position of HEAD Application should be lodged, not later than AUGUST 21, with the
PENSIONSThe Annuitants the Men
now number Thirty-six, MISTRESS, which will become VACAN r at CHRIS PMAS NEXT. The Director of Technical Education for Lanarkshire, County Offices,
salary will be KM!., and a Capitation Fee of U ^s. for each Girl up to Hamilton, and should be accompanied by twelve copies of 'Testimonials.
receiving 25.' and the Women 20/. include :
per annum each, and they
The " Royal Victoria Pension Fund, which was established in 1887 " One Hundred, and 1/. for all above that number. There is accommoda- Applicants should state their age, qualifications, present employ-
and enlarged in 1897. to commemorate the great advantages the News tion in the School for about 350 Girls, and at present there are 315 in ment, and the experience they have had in similar work.
Trade has enjoyed under the rule of Her late Majesty Queen Victoria, attendance. No Residence is provided, and RoardTs are not taken. W ALSTON DYKES, County Clerk.
Applications, with not more than four original Testimonials, must be
provides Pensions of 2U.' a year each for Four Widows of Newsvendore.
The Committee hope they may be enabled to increase thlg Fund as aa
appropriate Memorial of the Queen's beneficent reign.
received on or before SEPTEMliER 10. together with twenty-five
printed or type-written copies of the application and Testimonials.
Each applicant must state her 1) Frofessional Training (H) Univer- u NIVERSITY of DURHAM.
The Francis Fund provides Pensions for One .Man. 2.';; and One
' "
,
1 ;
'Womin. 201 and was specially subscribed in memory of the late John
,
sity Degree, ifany (3) Experience {4j Age and (5) Present Appoint-
; ; ;
DIPLOMA IN THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TE.ACHING.
Francis, who died on April 6, lSo2. and was for more than fifty years ment.
Candidates are requested not to canvass. Particulars of the Course of 'Training for Secondary Teachers and of
Pablisher of the Atluiutuin. He took an active and leading part For further information apply to the Examination for the above Diploma may be obtained from the
throutihout the whole period of the agitation for the repeal of the Seireiary or ExtMix uiuNs, North Bailey, Durliam.
then "Taxes on Knowledge," and was for very many A. H. BURGESS, Clerk to the Governors.
various existing
1, Berridge Street, Leicester, July 'J9, 190i'.
Tears a staunch supporter of this Institution.
The Horace Marshall Pension Fund is the gift of the late Mr. Horace LIT. BARTHOLOMEWS HOSPITAL and
Brooks Marshall. 'The c^nployia of that firm have primary right of
election to its benefits, but this privilege never having been exercised,
the General Pensions of the Institution have had the full benefit
u RBAN district COUNCIL of BROMLEY. COLLEGE.
(University of London.)
arising from the interest on this investment since 1887 SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ART. The WINTER SESSION will BEGIN on WEDNESDAY, October 1,
The Hospital Pensions consist of an annual contribution of 35!,
"
Write Rcssii, 44, Chancery Lane, W.C. Applications, slating age, qualifications, and experience, to be For further particulars apply, personally or by letter, to The
delivered to me as under not later than WEDNESDAY, August 20 next. W-iRDEN 01 THE Coj.i,E(,r, St. Bartliolomcw's Hospital, E.C.
By Order, A Handbook forwarded on application.
TADY, well educated, good knowledge of French,
FRED. II. NORMAN, Clerk to the Council.
German, and Type-Writing, desires POSTin LIBRARY. Would
J
District Council Offices, Bromley, Kent, July 30, 1902. OT. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL and
give services for Three Months in order to gain experience. Address
W. B. L., 132, Bradford Hoad, Huddersfield. O COLLEGE.
COLLEGE WALES,
"WO SALARY. GENTLEMAN,
i-^ travelled. OFFERS SERVICES in LIBRARY,
well-read,
Private or Public.
u NIVERSITYABERYSTWYTH.
The COUNCIL invite apolications for the post of ASSISTANT
of
FOUR SCHOLARSHIPS
(University of London.)
OPEN SCHOLARSHIPS.
and ONE EXHIHITION,
worth 150/ 76/ .
,
Address, R. R.. care of Francis & Co., 13, Bream's Buildings, EC. NORM.AL MASTER and ASSIS TAN T LECTURER on EDUCATION, 7o/., 00/.. and 20/.
SEPTEMBI'.R 22, 11I02., viz.. Two
One Year, will be coiupeled for on
each, tenable for
Senior Open Scholarships, value of
Applications, accompanied hv 'Testimonials, must be sent, on or before
7,';/. each, will be awarded to the best Candidates {If of suffic ent merit)
S.A'TURD.A Y, September 0. 1902, to the undersigned, from w horn further
RESEARCH
Work
Historical
French ; alio
or
Translation UNDERTAKEN on moderate
General; Index particulars can be obtained. T. TIMER OREEN, Registrar. MOR in not more than 'Three nor fewer than Two of
Chemistry. Physics. Zoology. Botany, Physiology. Anatomy.
the following
M Francis & Co., Athenxum Press, Bream's Build- Candidates lor these Scholarships must be under Twenty-five years
teniis. Address
ings, EC.
,
IJN IVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS. of age. and must not have entered to the -Medical or Surgical Pi-actlcc
of any London Medical School
ONE JUNIOR OPEN SCHOLARSHIP In SCIENCE, value 1,V'/., and
WORK for AUTHORS and LECTURESHIP IN GERMAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. One Preliminary Scientific F.xlilbition, value .'Xil will be awarded to
RKSEAHCH
-LITERARY and GENEALOGICAL WORK
Others.
The UNIVERSITY COURT of the UNIVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS the best Candidates under THcnty-ime years of age (If of sufficient
,
UNDERTAKEN invite applications for the Office of LECTURER in GERM.AN at a merit) In not fewer than Three of the following -Bouny, Zoology,
by EXPERT. Family Pedigrees and Histories Traced. Historical Plivsiologv. Physic", and I'heniUtry,
Records, Parish Registers ."Searched. salary of ,^00/. per annum
Materials for Books and
The person appointed will be required to enter upon his duties on 'The JEAIIRESON K\ HI lllTloN (value 2<i/. will be competed for i
Pamphlets Collected and Prepared for Publication. lodexlng. Refer- at the same time. 'The subjects of examination arc Latin, Mathe-
WEDNESDAY. October 1902.
matics and any one of the 'Three t<dlonlng Ijingunges Greek.
1,
ences. A. G., Alperton, Wembley.
Applications, accompanied by twenty copies of 'Testimonials,
marked on the outside cover. " lectureship in German. must be '
French, and German The Classical Subjects are those of the London
"I>EHIND the SCENES in SOCIETY and lodged on or before WKDNKSDAY, September I',i02. with the under- .'I, University Matriculation Kxamlnatlon of June. I'.i2
The suciessful Candidates In all these Sebolarsblps will be required
If Politics -A writer oI position and popularity is OPEN signed, from whom further Information may be obtained.
to URGULAR WORK under these headings Address E. Candidates are particularlv requested not to call on the Electors. to enter to the full course at St Bartholomew's Hopltal In the
R. H. S.,
Pr>ncls& Co., Athenaum Press, Bream's Hnildinga, E.C. JOHN E WILLIAMS. Secretary and Registrar. October succeeding the Examination
The UnlTcralty, St. Andrews, July 29, MK For particulars, application may be made, personally or bj letter, to
C
Till Waiuiis or THE Ciiir..), St Bartholomew's Hospital. E
fVO EDITORS
1 PHILOSOPHY, ETHIOS. and
and PUBLISHERS. EXPERT UNIVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS. BARTHOLOMKW'S HOSPITAL and
in THEOI.iiGY. would UNDER-
TAKE some ADDITIONAL high-class WORK- Writing. Reviewing,
(University College. Ihindec.) ST. COLLEGE
or Trunslating Address Do^ioa, care of Francis & Co.. 13, Bream's LECTURESHIP IN PHILOSOPHY. (I nlvcrslly of Ixindon).
Bulldingi, Chancery Lune. E.C. he UNIVERSITY (.'OURT of the UNIVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS
I
PRELIMINARY SCIENTIFIC CLASS.
Invite applications for the post of LECTURER in PHILOSOPHY at
U.NIVKR.si'TY COLLEOB, DU.NDEB. rendered vacam by the appoint- SYSTB.MA'TIC COURSES of LKCTUREK and LAHOKATOUV WORK
AS MAN. LADY, SEC KKTARY to POLITICIAN or LITERARY ment of Dr J Ilalllle to the Chair of Moral philosophy in the In the SUHJECTR of thi- I'KKLI M N A It V K( I 1KN TIFK' and INTER;
well qualified, and thorough French Scholar, University of Aberdeen Ml;l>lATEHSc EXAMINATIONS of Ihe N I' 1 VKUSli Y of LONDON
requires Permanent Post as same.- .Apply V. V care of Robertson's , 'The person appointed will be rctjulrcd to enter upon fall duties on will commence on o<-TOIIER 1 and continue till JULY, I'.'ir).
Library, 43, King's Road, Chelsea. WEDNESDAY, October I, llKt'. Attendance on this Class counts as part of the Five \oars Curri-
.Applications, accompanied by twenty conies of 'Testimonials, and
"lie for the whole Course. 21... or IW 18i to itudent* of the Hoipltal
'
marked on the outside cover. " eclureship in PhlloBopby." mu^l be
' i
/'i.ENTLEMAN. of good character and position, lodged on or before WKDNEHDAV, September 1902, with the under- or single Subjects may be taken.
'7 with sixteen years' Legal and Commercial experience, and now signed, from whom further Infoniiallon may be obtained.
.'),
tion of the Bay of San Felipe and Santiago, visited by Quiros in i606;
ALBERT EMliANKMENT, LONDON, S.E. Illustrated Books Works by John Ruskin. Post free, Sixpence. Wm. Note on the Identification of La Sagittaria of Quiros. By Rear-.Vdmira?
The VN'ISTER SESSION of 1902-1903 will OPEN on WEDNESDAY, Ward, 2, Church 'Terrace, Richmond, Surrey. Sir W. J. L Wharton, K C.B. F.R S
The National Antarctic Expedi-
tion: 'The Departure of the "Morning." With Illustration and Por-
October I.
traitThe Russian Polar Expedition Summary Report for UK)1. By
St. Thomas's Hospital being one of the Medical Schools of the
University of London, provision is made for the Courses of Study
EDWARD BURNE-JONES. SIX important
SIRCHALK Baron Ed. 'Toll. Iteviews America Central America Oceanography ;
: ;
prescribed for the Preliminary Scientific, Intermediate, and Final DRAWINGS for Glass-Painting, executed for Messrs. 'TheVoyage of the " Gauss." 'The Monthly Record. Correspondence :
w ILLIAMS NORGATE,
,
and Physics, with either Physiology. Botany, or Zoology, for First Edward Stanford. 12, 13, and 14, Long Acre, W.C.
Year's Students One of 50/ in Anatomy. Physiology, Chemistry (any
:
k
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j Vfnetian Churches The Archaeological Institute at Southampton
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;
;
AH Hospital .Appointments are open to Students without charge. Modern .Architectural Ideals an American View Window, theCertosa, ;
FORCE
5,
and for (Qualified Practitioners.
A Register of approved Lodgings is kept by the Medical Secretary,
who also has a list of local Medical Practitioners, Clergymen, and
LITERATURE.
DULAU & CO. 37, Soho Square, London, W.
ryy H E
or,
of
MEN'TAL FACTOR in MEDICINE.
the
MIND;
others who receive Students into tJieir houses.
By ALFRED T. SCHOFIELD, M.D.
For Prospectus and all particulars apply to Mr. Rexdee, the Mi-dical
Secretary. H. G. TURNEY, M.A. M.D.Oxon., Dean. MESSRS. HENRY YOUNG & SONS
NEW
possess " In this forcibly written treatise Dr. Schofield emphasizes and illus-
one of the LARGEST STOCKS of OLD and BOOKS in trates the part played by the mind in the causation and cure of
GREA'I' HRI'TAIN, and they will be glad to hear from any one in
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'rHE DOWNS SCHOOL, SEAFORD, SUSSEX. search of Books out of print, as they can in many cases supply them
from their large Stock. London J. &A Churchill, 7, Great Marlborough Street.
JL Head Mistress Miss LUCY ROBINSON, M.A. (late Second Mis-
:
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Bedford College, London; rhe Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University. 12, South Castle Street, Liverpool.
q^HE NATIVES of SOUTH AFRICA. Their
MADAME AUBERT'S GOVERNESS and SHAKESPEARE. WANTED TO PURCHASE, Economic and Social Condition. Edited by the SOUTH
SCHOOL AGENCY (estab. 1880). 139 and Ul, Regent Street, VI. fine Copies of the First Folio, 1623 Second Folio, 1032; and Third
;
AFRICAN NATIVE RACES COMMITTEE. With Map?.
Resident. I>aily, and \'isiting Governesses, Lady Professors and Folio, 1CG3 or 16{il. Very high price will be paid for any in choice
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Teachers, Chaperons, Companions, Lady Housekeepers
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and Educational Homes recommended.
1^0 INVALIDS. A LIST of MEDICAL MEN PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS RELATING to
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all -*-
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guages. Foreign and Technical MSS. carefully Type-written.
A few Pupils trained for Indexing and Secretarial Work in London
and Berlin. (Sales bB ^Vuction, C. BENNETT'S POEMS.
nC^YPE- WRITING undertaken by highly educated
Apparatus and Fittings,
Electrical W.
Telephones and Apparatus
X Womenof Literary experience (Classical Tripos; Cambridge
thorough acquaintance with Modern Languages) (py order of the liight Hon. Postmaster-General).
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AUTHORS' MANUSCRIPTS TYPE-WRITTEN TELEGRAPHIC INS'l'RU.MENTS and APPARATUS. Morning Adrertiser." Bare of a wide popularity."
with accuracy and despatch at I,<, 3t?. per l.OOO words (over 10.000 TELEPHONE INSTRUMENTS and APPAR.VTUS, John B;(
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Miss A. Kent, The Reliance Typewriting Office, 563, Mansion House Illustrated London iVeics." Right well done."
Chambers, EC. Also PHO'TOGR.APHIC CAMERAS, and a QUANTITY of
PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS of all kind.s. Kews of the WoiM." There is real poetry in these songs."
Jl/iiTO)-" With admirable felicity he embodies national sentiment*
And a large CAT.ALOGUE of valuable MISCELLANEOUS PROPERTY. and emotions which stir the hearts of the people."
q'^YPE-WRITING. Authors' Plays, MSS,. &c., of
-L every description. Carbon and other Copies. MS from Dictation, On view Thursday 2 to 5, and on morning of Sale ;.;,o. "These songs aie literally written for sailors, and they are
quickly and accurately. Miss E. M
Tio\r, 6, Maitland Park Road, Catalogues on application. precisely the kind of songs that sailors most enjoy."
Haverstock Hill. N.W. EsUblished 1884. tfoneoHformist." These songs bear a true literary mark, and give OUB
the genuine ring."
Antiquities, Works of Art, SjC.
iwifs Jl/fiYMcy -"There is no one nowadays who can compete with
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'
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SATURDAY, AUGUST 9, 190i. hand of the great empire of the middle East, as late as the early seventies of the last
with a pregnant and sufficient account, brief century. Nor is the hatred of foreigners
CONTENTS. yet emphatic, of its formation, shown to have
by any means extinct traditions centuries
Progress of India, Japan, am> China is thk
been mainly effected through the destruction old do not easily die
but it is discouraged,
Cextvry 177 of the Mahratta power which, overthrowing save so far as politically useful, by the
Mr. BiRREl.L ox Hazlitt 178 the Mogul empire of the beginning of the Government, and active mainly among the
The Church OF Ai.i. Saixts, Northampton 17S
nineteenth century, had introduced a period masses of the bureaucracy who inherit
The Philosofhy OF Hkn-ry SiPGWiCK 179
of " more misfortune and misrule than had the power and prejudices of the mmurai of
Taixe's Life and Letters 180
New Novels (A King's Woman; The Conquest of
been known for several, perhaps even for Bakufu days. It must be added that the
Charlotte The Vir(jinian Love with Honour
; ; many, centuries." But the present empire is higher politicians and the really educated
Oldtield The Passion of Mahael A Wilful
;
Woman; Hookey)
;
182- -183 not properly characterized as an "absolute men of the country are frankly European
ASSYRIOLOlilCAL BoOKS 183
despotism " it rather resembles a province on all save social questions.
BlBLIOGRAPHUAE LITERATURE 184 of the Roman empire, but the administra- What may be the future of Christianity
Epucational Litkrature 181
tion is mainly native the expression of
; in Japan it is hard to say. The most hope-
Ecclesiastical History
Books ABOUT Spaix
185
187
opinion is almost, perhaps wholly, free; and ful thing about it is that
otherwise than in
Our Library Table (On Commando; Historical the half million of villages that stud the
China a certain number of its adherents
Records of New South Wales The ; United Kingdom land from Cape Comorin to the Himalaya belong to tho upper classes, and that most,
and its The Lake of Palms Submarine
Tr.-ide : ;
Issue between Hkxry II. and Bkckkt; A Sevkx- conquest of the Napoleonic kind, especially of a sort of Spencerized Spinozism. On these
teenth - Century Allusion to Shakspkare ; when followed by a system of administration very important phases of modern Japanese
Sale 189 -191
under which the interests of the subject life nothing is said in the volume before
Literary Gossip 192
SciEXCE The American Sportsman's Library; people are at least as much regarded as us, which is equally silent upon the great
Practical Histology; Botany; The Nature those of their conquerors. development of letters, and especially of
Study Exhibition; Anthropological Notes;
Gossip 192 -196
The curiously composite nature of the poetry, that has taken place within the last
Fine Arts AbcH/Eology Notes from Rome George
; ;
Indian empire is seen not merely in its two decades. Nor is any mention made of
Dalziel The Dutuit Collection Gossip 196 -193
; ; jumble of races and languages, but more the two main dangers of modern Japan.
Music Recent Publications Gossip 199 -200
Drama Gossip
;
200
especially in the sporadic existence of the These are a continental war with Russia,
almost independent native states within its and a weakening of the sentiment for the
boundaries. There are four hundred and Mikadoate which, to use a Japano- English
LITERATURE fifty of these states, of all sizes and degrees, expression, is the "political glue" that
from princedoms to baronial fiefs they consolidates the bitterly hostile party fac-
;
Progress of India, Japan, and China in the comprise a total area of 600,000 square tions that distract the country whose
Centurii. By the Eight Hon. Sir Eichard miles (several times that of the British Islea), enmity is in the inverse ratio of their
Temple. " The Nineteenth Century and they have a population of sixty-six mil- differences, and in the direct ratio
political
Series." (W. & R. Chambers.) lions of people
nearly equal to that of the of their desire for place and power.
To narrate a hundred years' history of the United States. The revenues of these states Before leaving this part of the subject
whole middle and further East to use the amount to the annual sum of fifteen mil- we must protest against the statement that
author's own language, to "summarise the lions (Rs. X.), equivalent, in India, to about the murder of Mr. Richardson in 1862 was
progress of half the human race for a cen- the same sum sterling. They are entirely due to his "imprudence." There is abso-
tury "
in some .500 octavo pages was a well- autonomous, subject only to the suzerainty lutely no justification whatever for the
nigh impossible task. Even the barest out- of Great Britain, exercised in the last resort statement, as a perusal of the official
line of events in such a volume would leave not by Viceroy or Emperor, but by the correspondence and the evidence of old
but scant space for such interstitial present- British Parliament. Possibly the future of residents in Japan well acquainted with
ment of the main lines of development as India depends upon the relations of these all the parties sufficiently prove. Nor can
alone could be interesting or profitable to states to each other, to British India, and to we accept the too pessimistic views of the
the political student or the general reader. Great Britain. author on China, especially his account of
The former Governor of Bombay was, there- The account of Japan appears to be based the origin, cause, and results of the Chino-
fore, well advised in adopting the plan he upon what may be termed text-book autho- Japanese war, the teterrima causa of all her
pursued in each of the three parts of this rities, and the chief of these
Dr. Murray's subsequent misfortunes. The Chinese polity
volume. In each an initial chapter deals Japan
'
'
is a mere popular compilation of fails, if not only, at least mainly, in relation
with the state of the country forming its insufficient value. The common view of to problems China has had neither the educa-
subject-matter at the opening of the century, .Japan and her history
the mirahile visu tion nor the experience to enable her to solve.
while a final one states its condition at the view is given accurately enough, but we It is hard to read with equanimity the ac-
close
the intervening portion narrating in have neither a real photograph nor a true counts of European dealings with China. On
some detail the political and social phases picture. The spirit of old Japanese history the one side there has been the shiftiness
of the history of the century, but dwelling is misconceived. The di'vinity of the Mikado born of ignorance, perplexity, and dread
mainly on the latter. Had sufficient biblio- is not autochthonous it is, pace Motoori
; on the other an equal, but less excusable
graphies been added to each part, and had and the Shinto revivalists of the eighteenth ignorance combined with religious arro-
a few maps at least, a map of India been century, a Chinese importation. There is gance, commercial impatience, and political
inserted, the utility of the work to politician no trace of it in the old literature, not even injustice. It is not too much to say that tho
and publicist would have been much in theTaketori romance of the tenth century. whole missionary system is more or less
enhancefl. Some detail, too, might have The original position of the Mikado, indeed, tainted with misplaced pride, and it is not
been omitted, and room thus afforded for an among the chiefs of the various Korean impossible that, were it reformed in tho
extended treatment of the matters dealt with immigrations was very much that of the direction of modesty as well as of oflicioncy
in the initialand final chapters but we ; Shogun in later times among the territorial towards its true end, tho relations of Europe
need say no more, as these things might chiefs who were heirs of the leaders among with China would bo greatly improved tho
have been seen to if the author had lived. the outer circle of expanding conquerors commercial relations in particular, for the
As was to be expected, the portion of the and settlers. The very name of the Mikado Cliineso are born traders.
book dealing with India shows a much
greater grasp and knowledge of the subject
Tenshi, the Son of Heaven is a proof of the Chinese
Tho short biographies given of
are the
tho Chinese origin of his cult. emperors of the nineteenth century
than the parts concerned with Japan and The author seems to think that the pro- most interesting features of this portion of
China. In the first three chapters of Part I. scription of Christianity ended with the tlie book, but it is difficult to say how fur
we and sometimes striking por-
find a lucid eighteenth century. In fact, tlie proscrip- they are authentic. The Son of Heaven can
traituredrawn in large outline by a skilled tion
and persecution of Christians existed only know of earth what his ministers tell
; ;
examine them. All that Mr. Birrell sup- to think hard things of you, and then you
him, and can only execute a policy through
therefore, plies is a sentence of praise from the lecture wonder that I hitch them into an essay, as
them and by their consent. It is,
in reality a on Poets
Living and a remark that if that made amj difference." There certainly
more than doubtful whether
' '
Hazlitt was not in sympathy with the new speaks the philosopher. On the relation of
Chinese emperor can either frame or carry
school of poetry. The bare statement of philosophy to anger Mr. Birrell has an
out a policy of his own. At most he can but
such an inconsistency is much too cavalier a interesting paragraph concerning the quarrel
head or influence a faction or section of his
way of dismissing the problem. There is with Gifford, which may be quoted as a
own ministers. After all, the principal defect
also material of value to be seen in Keats's specimen of his lighter vein :
poems," says Mr. Birrell, "he evidently in this case to build up a William Gifford, whom
for one of the limited early states such as
Well, in the lecture on he afterwards criticizes, with that intimate
Confucius knew. did not know."
acquaintance with the weak points of a structure
Of the great Governors- General of India, Dry den and Pope Hazlitt acknowledges only the builder possesses. This gives freshness
such as Wellesley, Hastings (the Marquis), that he knew nothing of Donne " but to what would otherwise be the dullest of dull
and Dalhousie, the main work is stated and some beautiful verses to his wife"; but in
things the abuse of a dead editor by a dead
amply appreciated. It is not easy to under- the Table Talk,' writing " on the pleasure
'
author. Hazlitt again, like Burke, excelled in
stand why a bare mention should have of painting," he quotes, or misquotes, the a quarrel, and for the same reason both were :
been judged sufficient of such men as Alcock famous line from The Second Anniversary,'
* more than politicians, more than authors, more
and Parkes the pioneers of modern British
than critics they were, or once had been,
That you might almost say hia picture thought. philosophers. Did any one quarrel, or difler
enterprise and influence in the Far East.
with, or abuse either Burke or Hazlitt, straight-
Sir Harry Parkes was British Minister in On the same page Mr. Birrell tells us that way that person became in the eyes of both
Japan for eighteen years. Hazlitt frankly admitted he had never read those eminent men the personification of every
Marvell's Ode upon Cromwell.' Mr. Birrell
*
evil influence of the age, the abstract and brief
may have some passage in his memory chronicle of infamy."
William Hazlitt. By Augustine Birrell.
which has escaped ours, but if he is referring All the biographical side of the study is
(Macmillan & Co.) to the reference in '
The English Poets '
it well done, and the book therefore, while it
We shouldlike Mr. Birrell's book the contains no such frank admission. Mr. Birrell will disappoint the man of letters, should
better if did not form part of the well-
it can only mean that Hazlitt does not be popular with the general reader. On
known "Men of Letters" series. In the enumerate the Ode among the pieces he
'
'
p. 66 a foot-note is given to W. C. H. which
first place, it is not composed in a style cites for praise, which are "his boat song, belongs to W. H.
sufficiently considered and judicial for a his description of a faun, and his lines to
book meant to take its place as the final Lady Vere." But we find him quoting in
verdict of English letters upon Hazlitt. other places from other poems. In the A History of the of All Saints,
Chtirch
There is an air of journalism about it. letter to Miss Stoddart which Mr. Birrell Northampton. By
Pev. E. M. Serjeant-
The book is not well arranged, the com- gives on p. 85 we have a quotation from son. (Northampton, Mark.)
ment is scrappy, and the writing is of that '
The Gallery,' elsewhere he quotes about This is a good book, and will not suffer by
allusive sort which, while it may amuse at a half the lines To his Coy Mistress.' These
'
comparison if placed on the shelf which
first reading, fails to retain interest. Some- are small points, but they serve to illustrate contains the best monographs on important
times allusions have proved irresistible our remark that not enough care has been English churches. The church of All Saints
which are entirely foreign to the matter in spent on the critical side of the book, and so is, and always has been, the principal church
hand. What, for instance, is the bearing far it is disappointing. of Northampton, a town which was for
upon Hazlitt' s opinion of Ben Jonson of the Nevertheless, like all that Mr. Birrell several centuries pre-eminent among the
last clause in the following sentence? " Ben writes, the book has great merits. Not its boroughs of England. Many are the his-
Jonson he could not but greatly admire least merit as an introduction to Hazlitt is torical incidents connected with its walls.
but he had made no study of his plays, the large part played by the comparatively In the hands of the bookmaker these would
which have been called works." But with humble literary instruments of scissors and have proved but eo many opportunities for
Mr. Birrell the style is the man, and we paste. The remark may sound disrespectful, the display of general knowledge of oft-told
take what he gives us, though now that but we mean no disrespect. Literary scissors tales; but in Mr. Serjeantson's hands such
that style is not so new, we feel an in- require to be guided by a discreet finger matters are not unduly magnified, and are
creasing desire for more of the equipment and thumb, and Mr. Birrell has a fine taste clearly marshalled so as to bring out their
which a critic should have. A more serious in quotation. The selected passages, which local significance or origin.
fault in the book is that it evades the dif- fill more than a third of the volume, should The stories of the English barons swear-
ficult task of estimating Hazlitt's position give beginners in Hazlitt a good idea of his ing fealty to Matilda within these walls
and faculty as a literary critic. The pages quality. Another strong point of the book of St. Hugh of Lincoln quelling a serious
devoted to this subject tell us that he liked is its sympathetic handling of Hazlitt the riot of the Northampton burghers around
poetry, that he was above the miserable man. His faults and weaknesses are not the tomb of a would-be saint of a host of ;
affectation of pretending to care only for condoned, but they are looked at in the per- magnates with their hands on the altar
poetry, and that he expressed his pre- spective of his whole character, circum- swearing to set forth on the seventh Crusade
ferences and dislikes with perfect frankness. stances, and upbringing. Mr. Birrell says of the exceptional developments of the
Such characterization hardly suffices to dis- of Hazlitt that he is never priggish, and religious gilds of the town until their chap-
tinguish Hazlitt from other critics of his that "he is always full of human nature lains were associated to form a collegiate
own day or ours, and the incidental criti- and the love of things." The praise holds chui-ch and of the fanatical evanescence of
;
cisms do not carry us much further. That of Hazlitt's biographer, and while it LoUardism in the fourteenth century and
this reticence does not proceed from want of ensures that Hazlitt shall receive kindly Puritanism in the sixteenth are all told con-
knowledge is shown by a remark on p. 137: treatment, it does not imply, as it did not cisely, but with much graphic force.
" We know what his point of view was, and imply in Hazlitt's own case, that the plain Nor is Mr. Serjeantson content with
can flatter ourselves upon our ability, real truth should not be spoken. Thus Mr. reproducing statements from substantial
or supposed, to outline his judgments upon Birrell does not conceal that, philosopher printed histories, or with the mere repeating
the books, pictures, and plays of to-day." though he was, perhaps because he was a of assertions which, by the very frequency
We wish Mr. Biirell had vouchsafed to philosopher, Hazlitt was "gey ill to live of their reiteration, have come to be accepted
explain Hazlitt's "point of view." We wi'" " He was not at any time a man of
: as facts. Everything pertaining to this once
could wish also that he had given some clear many friendships. His manners were not most important church has been carefully
and connected account of Hazlitt's relations good, his temper had become uncertain, and tested, with the result that several necessary
with his famous contemporaries. Hazlitt's despite his sentiment he had not a warm corrections have been made. Bridges, the
various essays are crammed with references, heart." Mr. Birrell quotes an amazing
county historian followed, of course, by
for example, to Wordsworth, and it would letter to Leigh Hunt in which occurs the all subsequent handbook wi iters asserted
have been well worth while to collect and characteristic sentence " You provoke me
: that Henry III. made to this church,
a ;
of Northampton in 1392 and on three sub- of gentlemen of the town to sit in, and the one of taste and discrimination.
sequent occasions. During his first mayoralty two small seats behind the broad seat " to The illustrations are good, particularly
complaint was made to the king and Council, the middle sort of Gentlemen to such
sitt in, the spirited heraldic drawings by Mr. Thomas
which throws some light on the then dis- as Mr. Robert Ward, Mr. William Smyth, Shepard but we are surprised that Chantrey's
;
tracted religious condition of Northampton. and gentlemen of that Quality." In like sculpture of the assassinated Premier does
Fox was accused of being a Lollard of ; manner seats on the south side were appro- not form one of the plates. The author
keeping in house a Lollard chaplain
his priated for the best sort and the middle sort would have done well to secure a musical
who had been convicted of heresy by the of gentlewomen. Provision was duly made expert to describe the somewhat remarkable
Archdeacon of Northamptonshire of having ; not only for the mayor and aldermen, for organ, which was unhappily moved from
made an apostate Carmelite friar parish the bailiffs and ex-bailiffs, and for the forty- the west gallery in 1883. Surely "nine
chaplain of St. Gregory's and of having; eight burgesses, and for their wives in additional pipes added to the organ at a
drawn unto him one William Northwold, an corresponding places on opposite sides of cost of 130/.," in 1818, should resid stops.
instructor of the Lollards, who lodged at the church, but also for groups of their
the house of St. Andrew's, " where he respective sons and daughters at the
hath caused such debate between y^ Prior entrance to their parents' pews. In 1702 Philosophij, its Scope and Relations. By
and Menkes y" y"^ house is well-nigh un- the vestry made an order "that Locks be Henry Sidgwick. (Macmillan & Co.)
done." He was charged with bringing putt on the seat dores of the Bayliffs wives All who interest themselves in philosophy
" the Parson of Wynkpole, a Lollard, to preach and the 48 Seates to keepe out young have been anxious that whatever writings
in All S'' Church raaugre y' Bi', who assended mayds." the late Henry Sidgwick left in such a form
}' Pulpit when y" Viccar of y" Church, after
y
After the Reformation up to which date as to admit of publication should be given
Offertory, went to y Altar to sing his Mass ;
the church had been in the gift of the prior to the world. They will welcome the first
whom y*^ s'' Mair followed and took by y" back of St. Andrew's
the advowson of All Saints' volume (to be followed, we may hope, by
of his vestment to cause him to cease till y'' &' fell into the hands of the Corporation of others), which has now been brought out
Preacher had preached, and y
Vicar answered Northampton, a somewhat corrupt oligarchy. under the careful editorship of Prof. James
non possum. The s' Parson preached there his
Lollardy in y- afternoon too, to whom Rich''
When the commissioners of Archbishop Ward.
Stormesworth cryed, Tu antem, Tu antem, to Laud visited the church in 1637 they found The book includes a series of letters,
cause him to hold his peace commanding him it in a scandalous condition, the pavement some of which, having been printed for
;
to come down, upon w''' an uproar ensued, and being private circulation, were already familiar to
jt y^ s'l Rich' was in
danger of his life That " a great deale fitter for the gripp of a cow- friends and pupils of Sidgwick, while the
y Maior sent to Oxford to hire Preachers to house than the hou.se of God the crosse rest of it has been printed with slight
preach during ytime of Lent at y
Cross in y'' w'^^'' was upon the east end of the chancell is necessary modifications from notes used by
Church Yard in y Market-place of North', and broken downe, and instead theereof the Townes Sidgwick in lecturing to his classes at Cam-
that y' Commissaries of y" B^ of Lincoln dare Armes are sett up as if it were the towne's
not sit upon Lollardy in North' for fear of >'' bridge. The main object of the work is to
church and not Christ's."
Maior." define the nature of philosophy as a branch
In 1683 the corporation actually sold of knowledge, and to distinguish it from
It is not altogether surprising to find that two silver chalices and two patens towards other forms of knowledge and disciplines of
a town which was at one time so permeated paying ofi the arrears of the curate's stipend. thought more or less closely related to it
with Lollardism should have been the most At a later date they frequently made traffic to speak broadly, philosophy is first dis-
prominent in all England in its support of of the next presentation. tinguished from the physical sciences,
the Puritanism of Elizabeth's reign it was ; In 1675 there was a dreadful fire at psychology, and from its own species, such
at All Saints' that the system of " prophesy- Northampton, worse in proportion to its as logic and metaphysics in the second
;
ing3"hadits origin. The rules for their comparative size than the great fire of main division the claim of certain doctrines,
regulation, and other like documents, are London. The church of All Saints, witli such as those of evolution, and of the Positive
now printed for the first time verbatim by about two-thirds of the town, was ruined philosophy to rank as ultimate solutions of
Mr. Serjeantson. In this respect he has in a few hours. Parts of the old central the riddle of the universe is rejected in ;
made a really valuable contribution to the tower, now the west tower, are all that a final and very important chapter there is
true history and understanding of the re- remains of the ancient fabric. The much discussed the relation of knowledge of
ligious life of Elizabethan days, altogether smaller church that was opened in 1680 " what is " to knowledge of " what ought
apart from any mere local interest. The stands on the site of the former quire or to be," of theoretical to practical philosophy,
mayor and aldermen of Northampton estab- chancel, and has a certain dignity of its kind. which for Sidgwick was undoubtedly the
lished in 1-371 strange to say, with the Its best feature is the great west portico, fundamental problem of speculative thought.
consent of the Bishop of Peterborough completed in 1701, which is a fine piece of Here, as in his other works, the essen-
stringent discipline for the town, and an work, extending the whole width of the tially cautious and critical temper of the
order of services for All Saints' and the other church, supported by twelve pillars. It was, writer's mind is apparent ; adopting a
; .
form of exposition familiar to readers School. Sidgwick was at heart an idealist, Such a passage as that last noticed,
of his Methods of Ethics,' he chooses, vibrating with fine enthusiasm for the good,
' together with others in the book, shows the
instead of ostensibly maintaining and the true, the immortal. On the other hand, strong latent bias towards idealism in Sidg-
developing a positive thesis, to follow a he could never forget the strength of the wick's mind. No doubt, if pressed, he
dialectical method in which negation is more "common-sense" view. He could ridicule would have refused to leave the safe
prominent than affirmation. Yet such a with subtle irony the shortcomings of the ground of experienced fact. Yet equally
method must necessarily presuppose and be great German idealists : it is clear that those modes of thought
determined by the thinker's particular views "The German of fable who sat down to which lead to idealism were attractive to
That Sidgwick had profound convictions, evolve a camel out of his inner consciousness his mind. It may be that a spirit of com-
however guarded he might be in formulat- was certainly not a Teuton up to date we can- ; promise, however valuable and deserving
ing them, is well known it could not have not place him later than the first half of the
;
of respect the scrupulous impartiality
century. Of course I need hardly say that which dictates it, has drawbacks in philo-
been otherwise with so deep and earnest a
even this old-time German never evolved out of
thinker. It was impossible to converse with his inner consciousness anything so insignificant
sophical speculation as in practical affairs.
him on matters of speculation without realiz- as a camel but he might have been capable Sidgwick at least avoided the disasters
;
ing how intensely his mind was occupied of evolving the principles of chemistry or the which threaten those philosophers who
with the ideas of God, freedom, immor- proper constitution of the Modern State." daringly pledge themselves to a hypothesis,
tality. So much is plain from this work in And no doubt it is the " common sense "
;
and devote their thought and exposition to
one passage he vehemently rejects the view bias which is more clearly prominent in developing its internal completeness and
that the course of the human mind is from his writings for instance, in the Methods
;
' defending it from external attacks. Such
one imperfect form of knowledge to another of Ethics,' though the concluding chapter an attitude, always alien to Sidgwick's
equally imperfect, and not rather a progress seems to point in a contrary direction. In spirit, is, no doubt, especially incompatible
from truth to fuller truth, however short it these lectures Sidgwick enunciates his with his professed object in these lectures,
may fall of the fullest. In another place adhesion to Natural Dualism, mainly be- that of defining leading ideas in such a way
(p. 229) he says : cause a belief in non-spiritual matter can as to meet the acceptance of diverse schools
" We find never be eliminated from the judgments of
ourselves irresistibly led to assume and pave the way to a consensus of experts.
as real a completer knowledge comprehending common sense on similar grounds he main-
;
Yet the critical method is apt to perplex the
and going indefinitely beyond the imperfect and tains the ultimate reality of time and reader and perhaps, also, it occasionally
;
fragmentary knowledge possessed by human space. Here again, as in the Methods,' ' hampered Sidgwick and made him content
minds and this inference is not
; the intro- he refuses to deny the freedom of the will, with provisional answers which do not go to
duction of a hypothesis prima facie alien to the the root of the matter.
on the ground that the human agent, in act-
matter that we are studying."
ing, has an inalienable conviction that he is Two important divisions of the book have
And a little further on he repeats in a free to choose. It is almost unnecessary to been already lightly touched upon they are :
manner the same hope, while recognizing notice that most of Sidgwick's polemi- the group of lectures which discuss the relation
how far short our actual achievements fall, cal writings have been directed against of philosophy to history and the group deal-
especially in philosophy :
idealists. It is in connexion with the ing with the relation of philosophy to socio-
*'I conceive the one important lesson that relation of "what is" to "what ought logy. In the former group he is concerned
philosophy and theology have to learn from the to be " that the idealistic aspect of to urge that such a doctrine as evolution,
progress of science is the vague lesson of patience his thought appears most clearly. In the however valuable for biological science,
and hope. Science sets before us an ideal of second lecture he insists that philosophy cannot give a solution of fundamental
consensus of experts and continuity of develop- questions, such as the origin of things or
must include among its branches ethics and
ment which we may hope to attain in our larger immortality. Sidgwick repeats in clear and
politics, which seek to determine not what
and more diflicult work."
is, but what ought to be. Again he defines cogent form what he argued a generation
It is, indeed, the want of a consensus metaphysics as occupied with questions ago, when evolution was regarded either as
among experts which Sidgwick deplores at which are incapable of empirical verifica- the highest truth or as a damning delusion,
the outset of these lectures, and which he tion. Such a definition deals rather with and when a calm and lucid appreciation was
hopes may be secured or at least aided by the surface than the heart of the matter, more valuable even than now. In the
the work of definition, by the agreement on but it clearly implies the recognition of a second group his main thesis is the import-
the use of the more important terms he priori speculation having an ideal criterion
; ance of the doctrine of ends without the :
thinks that something would be gained if at and transcending common-sense judgments. teleological concepts of ultimate truth and
least a common understanding were attained Finally, in his last and very important lec- ultimate good, thought and effort would be
as to the questions proposed by philosophers, ture he discusses what he calls the rela- meaningless and these concepts cannot be
;
even if the answers given clash and conflict. tion of theoretical to practical philosophy. derived merely by tracing the actual develop-
How far such a result is attained by this He is impressed with the fundamental ment of ideas in time or of social progress.
book it is perhaps hard to say. Philosophy antagonism of the real and the ideal, and Here again he repeats a warning which is
seems from its intrinsic nature to admit of with characteristic honesty he is unwilling even now not to be neglected.
wide differences of standpoint. This may not to surrender one aspect in favour of the
be the case so far as the working out of cer- other. It is clear that in his mind the
tain more particular concepts is concerned antagonism and the desire to overcome it [. Taine, sa Vie et sa Correspondaiice.
but as regards the ultimate problems formed the essential motive of speculation. Tome I. (Hachette & Cie.)
with which speculation must deal radical In the concluding paragraph of the volumes devoted to
book This is the first of three
differences of temperament cannot fail to a paragraph too long to be quoted here at Taine' 8 life and letters. It is most carefully
operate. The idealist and the realist, the length
pessimist and the optimist, the thinker urged language,
he seems, though in guarded edited. Wherever an explanatory note is
almost to give up the claim required one is to be found at the bottom
by infinite aspirations and the thinker of common sense to rank as a criterion All the necessary facts con-
of of the page.
impressed by the urgency of actual finite ultimate truth,
and to accept as the test of cerning his family and youthful years,
experience, are inevitably impelled along truth
not correspondence between thought including the dates of the birth and death
diverse courses and to diverse conclusions.
and fact, but correspondence between of his friends and acquaintances, are sup-
For, as Sidgwick points out, the answer thought
and thought. " From the philo- plied, several of them being now made
cannot be tested as in science by recourse sophical
point of view," he says, "the sup- public for the first time. There is fulness
to observation and experiment. It may be posed correspondence between Thought and of statement without excess of detail. The
that it is not untrue to say that in Sidgwick what is not Thought is no longer so simple name of the editor is withheld, but we shall
himself the two main conflicting motives of and
intelligible as it seems to Common not err, we think, in surmising that it is his
thought met, and that a balance was never Sense." And
he speaks of the " world of widow. If so, she has executed her work as
finally struck. Perhaps the early tincture Duty" and the "world of Fact" as being a labour of love. No one could have done
of idealism which he imbibed from Plato
both alike objects of thought. It seems it better.
and Aristotle was too compatible with his that a rigorous working out of such sugges- Duringhis lifetime Taine, like Tenny-
real temperament ever to be neutralized by
tions would have led Sidgwick very near to son, shrank from publicity with genuine
the influence of the English Empirical idealism. feeling, but almost morbid dread. He held
that his private life did not concern the had not been effaced. Washington Irving's increase his stock of learning. His mother
public, and that those who wished to know works gave him extreme pleasure, and he wished him to follow in the footsteps of his
the cast of his mind and the bent of his translated most of them into French for his father and uncles, and become a notary.
character could do so by studying his books. own satisfaction. He felt himself so much When the choice of a profession was dis-
Therefore it was that, when bequeathing indebted to his uncle Alexander that he cussed at a family council, in which he had
his papers to his wife, he strictly enjoined dedicated his Notes sur I'Angleterre
'
to ' no voice, the general opinion was in favour
that none should be published in which him, and he did this in the following terms : of his mother's selection. Just as Gibbon
there were details of purely domestic and " Dedicated to Mr. A. Bezanson by his "sighed as a lover, but obeyed as a son,"
personal interest. grateful pupil and friend." It is curious when his father forbade his marriage
The main facts of Taine's early life were and uncommon to see a dedication in Eng- with the lady of his heart, so Taine would
given, with his consent and approval, in a lish prefixed to a book in French, and still have accepted the decision of his relatives.
biographical introduction to the translation more so for one Frenchman to use English But his uncles and other relatives deemed it
of his Notes on England
' but others now ' ; when expressing his gratitude to another. imprudent to risk his mother's small fortune
appear in this volume for the first time. But one of the few mistakes in editing this in the purchase of a notary's practice, and
His ancestry can be traced back to the year volume is not to have given on p. 217 a thus Taine drifted from the Normal School
1675, when Joseph Taine filled an office not letter in English which Taine wrote to his into the ranks of the professors appointed
dissimilar to that of High Sheriff in Rethel, sister Virginie. The original ought to have and paid by the State, and thence into the
a town in the Ardennes. His great-grand- been printed, and a translation might have literary profession, in which he gained the
father, Peter Taine, who was a manufacturer, been appended for the benefit of those who first rank. Had he been more ordinary
was dubbed philosopherby his fellow-citizens, know French only. In 1841 Taine was sent he would have had the highest place as a
owing to his speculative views. His maternal to a school in Paris to complete his educa- professor at his command. His fault was
grandfather, M. Bezanson, had a scientific tion, and soon afterwards his mother, his to be unusually original, to think for himself,
turn. Taine's two aunts, on the father's grandfather, and his two sisters took up to disregard the teaching which had the
side, were maiden ladies who lived quietly their abode there. The whole family was a official stamp. He suffered much vexation
in retirement, and occupied themselves with studious one. Taine helped his sisters to gain on this account but he never lost heart, and
;
his mother's death, he inserted the follow- date or a chemical solution. Provided that she
ing passage in it :
has ideas about things in general, that she can to the public his Religio Medici,' and when
'
"Should my mother survive, my wife and follow a conversation on any subject, that her it was at its height he was preparing his
children must bear in mind that she was my judgment is sufficiently free and wide to hold '
Pseudodoxia Epidemica' and speculating on
sole friend during forty years, that she had the her own on questions of morality, of conduct 'The Garden of Cyrus.' Yet, though in-
first place in my heart in concert with them, and religion which are discussed in her presence, different to politics and ready to accept the
and that her entire life was one of devotion and she knows quite enough, and the wisest man existing form of government, Taine would
tenderness let them endeavour to compensate can enjoy conversing with her. A conversation
not give his sanction to usurpation or
;
her for losing me and bring her to live here which is an exchange of dates and facts is merely
[Boringe in Savoy] whatever I have done or A con- tyranny, and when Louis Napoleon had
; a dialogue between tiresome pedants.
they may do will never suffice to repay my versation which is an exchange of ideas pointedly made himself master of the French, and all
debt to her no woman was ever so thoroughly
; expressed is, perhaps, the greatest pleasure official personages thought it their duty to
and perfectly a mother." which can be enjoyed, and from the time we congratulate him, Taine was the only pro-
Two maternal uncles helped
of Taine's begin to think, we can have it without fessor at Nevers who refused to sign the
his mother him. The elder was
to train much instruction. The only examination a collective address which was forwarded to
a notary, the younger a civil engineer woman must pass concerns dress, deportment, the Minister of Public Instruction.
who had lived several years in the United dancing, and music, and I see that you will Readers of the letters now published
succeed in it satisfactorily."
States, and who taught English to his young who are well acquainted with Taine's
nephew. The younger uncle had a collec- From boyhood Taine was precocious. writings will be delighted to know him still
tion of English books which his nephew When he arrived at Paris he prepared a more intimately, and to find him, as a man,
read with delight many of them were the ;
course of study, to which he rigorously as deserving of admiration and respect as he
books in which English boys take pleasure, adhered. He excelled his schoolfellows in unquestionably is as an author. They will
such as The Pilgrim's Progress,' liobinson
' '
any examination he carried off all the
;
learn that the ambition of his life was not
Crusoe,' and '
Gulliver's Travels.' When prizes he was rightly regarded by his com-
;
to write brilliant articles or incomparable
Taine wrote his History of English Litera-
'
rades and teachers as a prodigy of learning. histories, but to produce purely philosophical
ture he displayed a minute and accurate succossin public examination he obtained works. One of his keenest disappointments
'
By
acquaintance with the older English writers admission to the Normal School, which is a was to leave the world before giving to it
which surprised his critics. The reason was his long meditated treatise on Tlio Will.'
'
occurs in a letter to Prevost-Paradol, written small sense of irritation at the way in which story. But there is nothing banal about it
in 1819: old characters continually disappear and new only well, there are justifiable concessions.
"Putting particular objects aside, love my ones are evolved throughout the 392 closely We think the author will understand and
turns to general or ideal things, such as works printed pages. Yet this is a small blemish admit that, as we are sure he well may
of art, humanity as a whole, and nature above all. to set against the conception of Eab the without confusion. There are no lay
I felt this yesterday, my friend, with a power Rascal, who, one is thankful to find, con- figures, there is no sentimental padding,
which Ihave never experienced, I was in the tinues his eccentric course to the last. He and much of the dialogue is fresh and
Jardin des Plantes, and I saw in a secluded
is a fascinating character, Mr, Meldrum natural, as well as merely cle\"er. And
spot a mound covered with young, uncultivated,
shows that it is not necessary in writing of there are simple interests involved, interests
flowering weeds from green fields the sunshine
for the plain man and woman of the world,
;
would attain to eminence at the bar, which own knowledge that just such men and women readers, chiefly through reminiscences of
was to " live like a hermit, actually did live, and in just such a manner, childhood, as the "Dark and Bloody Ground"
and work like a
horse." But there are few, if any, in the not more than fifteen years ago. Let it not of old Indian days, or later as the scene
history of literature who laboured so hard be supposed from what has been said that of interminable family feuds. Yet to
ai Taine did under conditions which would the reviewer wishes to write sneeringly of those who have sojourned there the present
have foiled other men. this book. On the contrary, it is most ably volume will recall pleasant memories, and
written, and a particularly well-constructed even in the present materialistic days such
story and the latter, at all events, is an types as those here depicted are to be found.
;
right to woo and win the girl of his choice, what they want, but what they have been Assyrian and Babylonian Letters. By
and the book is concerned with proving that taught to expect. And that is
a direct and Robert Francis Harper. Part VI. (Luzac &
he did not lose his love when he forfeited
never-ending instigation to brutality, vice, and
Co.) Dr. Harper here continues his excellent
crime. It is not the mere lewdness which reprint of the tablets in the British Museum
the right to declare it. The whole story is matters
though that has served an ill pur- known as the K
series, those given in this
one genuinely conceived and sincerely worked pose in obscuring the true evil It is the volume being mostly written by scribes whose
out, but the gloom which hangs over every laughter of the music-halls which is all wrong. names have been broken oCF. We learn from
page of it makes '
The Passion of Mahael For it concerns gin and glorious beer the
;
his preface that the series is approaching com-
rather tiring reading. The characterization 'bashing' of mothers-in-law; the 'pinching' pletion, and that the next volume will conclude
of Welsh peasant and fisher folk is of watches; the humours of 'bilking'; the the publication of the texts, the remaining
excellent. vanity of thrift. And so there has grown up in volumes being occupied with indexes and com-
the people a terrible conception of revelry mentaries. As before, we reserve remarks upon
against which education may fight in vain." the letters themselves until we can deal with
A TrUful Woman. By George B. Burgin. them as a whole, but we desire again to remind
(Long.) the student of the service which Dr. Harper
ASSYRIOLOGICAL BOOKS.
Tho.se of our great- grandmothers who, renders by furnishing him with these clearly
Assyrian Deeds and Documents recording the printed volumes, instead of the often illegible
whilst possessing no strong sense of humour, By the Rev. C. H. W.
Transfer of Property. and inaccessible originals. When completed,
were giddy, would, we think, have called Johns. Vol. III. (Cambridge, Deighton, the number of letters will be about 800, which
such a writer as Mr. Burgin " a most agree-
Bell & Co.) This volume is in effect a series is in itself an extended collection of texts.
able rattle." The present reviewer cannot of notes upon the inscriptions published in its
deny the " rattle " of the author's style, but two predecessors, and deals chiefly with money Books on Egypt and Chaldcea. Vol. V. As-
Most of the syrian Language : Easy Lessons in theCuneiform
is bound to say that he finds it very tire- transactions and deeds of sale.
first named are written on heart-shaped tablets,
Inscriptions. By L. W. King. (Kegan Paul
some in this volume. Mr. Burgin has not & Co.) In the present volume of this useful
been fair to his readers and seem to Mr. Johns to be advances by a
he has, as it ;
series of handbooks Mr. King has done his best
landlord to a tenant for the expenses of the
were, hit out at them below the belt. In to bring the principles of cuneiform decipher-
harvest. As we know otherwise that land in
the main he is merely facetious, with his Assyria was generally let at the rent of one-
ment within the knowledge of all. Starting
ragamuffin lads his talking, kicking mule,
;
third of the crop to the landlord, this seems
with the history of the script, in which we are
which picks people up by "the slack of their glad to see that he refuses to consider the Pan-
likely enough, as the penalty for non-payment
breeches "; his men who wear "sanguinary" Semitic theory and asserts boldly that the
would naturally be the forfeiture of the tenant's
share of the crop. But the point is not free Sumerians alone were the inventors of the wedge-
shirts, apostrophize their "optics," drink
writing, he goes on to supply a very readable
"lightning rod," and skirmish round with from doubt, and the veteran Assyriologist Dr.
Jules Oppert appears to differ from Mr. Johns account of the way in which the key to its
" shot-guns." These, the poorest properties The remainder of
mysteries was discovered.
with regard to it. The interest charged was
of the Bret Harte school of fiction, are as the book is taken up with illustrations of the
high, and ranged from 20 to 150 per cent., which
familiar to us as the mother-in-law of the different values of the signs, a sketch of Assyrian
leads Mr. Johns to connect the word used for it
allegedly comic song, and must be endured. with another meaning " ruin." This is ingenious,
grammar, a reading-book of easy texts, and a
But it is a little trying to find them linked but we doubt whether the Assyrian pigeons glossary. Mr. King, in fact, here does for the
to would-be "purple patches" of the sort would have been foolish enough to walk into cuneiform inscriptions what Dr. Budge has done
for the hieroglyphic, and makes it possible for
of fine writing which relies apparently upon the net thus openly displayed before them.
The deeds of sale are on tablets of a different any fairly intelligent reader to master the rudi-
alliterativeness and crude sentimentality for
shape from what we may call the mortgages, and ments of cuneiform study in a short time. Beyond
its efltect. " Crushed trails of arbutus clung
this we will not go, because the successful
to his feet, scenting the air
with their death seem to have been kept in stock with blanks
decipherment of an unpublished cuneiform
agony" a
ludicrously unhappy metaphor,
for the names of the parties and witnesses.
the clay must in that case have set before the
As
inscription demands not only a sufficient know-
and one of many in a poorly written, poorly filling- up of the blanks, and could not have been
ledge of some Semitic language like Arabic,
conceived narrative As the author has visited
.
made perfectly soft again by damping, it is not Hebrew, or Syriac, but also a practical acquaint-
Canada it was unkind of him to make his ance with the appearance of the characters that
surprising that the names and figures are often
only a long and laborious apprenticeship in the
characters talk like comedians in a White- the least legible parts of these documents. What
remains, however, is curious enough, and goes to
copying of texts can give. Neither of the quali-
chapel music-hall.
fications named can be acquired from books,
show that the Assyrians had a regular system
least of all from a book of such modest propor-
of conveyancing with formal penalties for breach
of contract, as well as the religious sanction
tions as Mr. King's. He cannot, therefore, be
Hookey : a Cochney Burlesque. By A. Neil blamed for not doing what he does not profess
Lyons. (Fisher Unwin.) involved by the invocation of the gods as wit-
to do but with this limitation the present
nesses. These penalties generally took a money ;
Society, to the edification, as we learn from the the history of libraries are his titles to fame. or free, to education " was by statute placed
publisher's note, of the Kaiser, supplies in a " Viewed as a man," Mr. Greenwood candidly "on a firm and unalterable basis" in 1406.
convenient form some, at any rate, of the effects confesses, "he was not a success." He made Lawsuits in 1304 and subsequent years con-
of Assyriological discoveries on the exegesis of himself impossible at the British Museum and cerning the Grammar School in Beverley tend
the Old Testament. It is essentially popular in also at Manchester, where, on leaving the to show that the calling of schoolmaster was
form, and goes over a good deal of ground often Museum, he was appointed head of the first even at that time remunerative i.e., that there
covered before, as in its description of the find- free library instituted under the Act which he was a considerable demand for education and
ing and purport of the Tell-el-Amarna letters. had helped to pass. He was then employed for they also show that efforts were then made to
It mentions with approval the theory of the some years at the Bodleian cataloguing manu- free school- keeping from Church rule. Early
Vienna geologist Dr. Suess that the Biblical scripts, but worked in so unbusiness-like a in the fifteenth century several social tendencies
Flood was in reality due to a violent cyclone fashion that the catalogue could not be printed told in favour of education, Lollardy and Benefit
which occurred as early as 2000 B.C. This does and his employment came to an end. A Civil of Clergy being not the least potent of them.
not seem to have much to support it, any more List pension of 80J. should have saved him at All men who could read were accounted clerks,
than the theory, borrowed, if we recollect rightly, least from actual want, but this pittance was enjoyed privilegium clericale and obtained
from Gunkel, that the war between Michael and encroached on partly to help a sister, partly in immunity more or less complete from the
the Dragon in the Apocalypse is an echo of the an unavailing attempt to reprint his Memoirs ' common law (this immunity was not only
Babylonian legend of Marduk and Tiamat, or of Libraries,' and the last years of the old man's revived in senseless fashion by Parliament after
the supposed illustration of the Biblical fall of life were made bitter by a poverty he was too the Reformation, but extended also to women),
man by a Babylonian cylinder- seal, which may proud to allow his friends to hear of and relieve. so that at this time in our history there was
well refer to something entirely different. The Through all these troubles his devotion to a general desire for education, the Lollards
sketch is well illustrated, one of the figures libraries remained undiminished, and in writing valuing it for one thing, the ecclesiastics for
showing an evil genius confidently labelled about them he attained a serenity which enabled another " while, on grounds of general policy,
;
"Teufel," which we have not met with before, him to discuss Panizzi's work at the British the State fostered it as far as possible." From
but which is ugly enough for anything. The Museum not merely without enmity, but even this period to the Reformation popular educa-
equation in one of the illustrations of a scene with enthusiasm. Mr. Greenwood has imitated tion was far more widely spread and more
on a seal- cylinder with Ezekiel's Vision of the his example in this respect. There is the barest generally available than is usually supposed.
Chariot is one of the things that would be reference in his book to Edwards's quarrels, Mr. de Montmorency maintains with apparent
curious, if true. and on the other hand, by extracts from evi- justice that so far as general education, morality,
dence before the Parliamentary committees and and religion are concerned the Middle Ages in
an account of his books, Edwards's claims as our country may be favourably compared with
the chief pioneer of the modern library move- the eighteenth century. The educational pos-
ment are abundantly substantiated. Save that sibilities bequeathed to future generations by
;
Act passed in 1650 shows that the importance of commercial education, and a uniform system of education till the child's mind "had been
education was realized under the Commonwealth, examinations and inspection applicable to the stored by the exercise of his senses with a num-
post-Reformation education declined till the end whole kingdom, resulting in one certificate ber of correct impressions of objects " till then ;
legislature passed an Act in 1802 making the different standards. The book is sound on the the paradoxical quotation from an unnamed
instruction of boys and girls engaged in cotton general question, and presents comprehensively head master's speech, "Obedience for its own
and other factories obligatory on their employers the needs of a British scheme of commercial sake is the worst of vices," gives a slightly
the first English Compulsory Education Act. education. Five courses are selected as essential, exaggerated picture of the kind of discipline
The not too stringent requirements of this Act dealing respectively with modern languages, that sometimes obtains in class-rooms larger
were denounced, in the interest of manufac- commercial practice, study of materials, prin- and newer than that under the nominal
turers, both in Parliament and in the country, ciples of commerce, and commercial law. On control of " Agnes Grey " but it also
;
This committee collected a vast amount of infor- experienced teachers of these languages doubt the keynote of his educational system." If all
mation, and suggested an ingenious and liberal the writer's capacity to advise at all. So in the schoolmasters would realize this great truth and
scheme of national education, which, unfor- present case the pedagogue groping for the light act on it, many of our class-rooms would be
tunately, Parliament did not adopt. Kothing will get little help from this obscure sentence : happier and more orderly.
more was done for ten or twelve years but the
; "We hold, therefore, that it is a good system to Mr. Rooper sees clearly that neither the
arguments of Blackstone, Adam Smith, and first secure a mere rough outline of the graniinar study of literature nor the training of
Bentham, the successful experiments of Bell of a language, then to begin to try and read it, senses and muscles should be neglected
and Lancaster, and the Parliamentary vigour of and very soon to make up sentences, and even easy and in treating of manual training he
notes and general letters, perfecting the grammar
Whitbread, Brougham, and Roebuck produced later on."
shows how the character of the average
a growing opinion in favour of some system home, notably of the rural home, " has changed
of national education and in 1833 twenty
;
On the treatment of the four other courses we since it has ceased to be a miniature technical
do not write here at length, but may note
thousand pounds were voted towards the erec- school," and it has become necessary to train the
that a large amount of pertinent material
tion of " School Houses, for the Education of hand at school if it is to be trained at all. In
has been collected from many sources. As we
the Children of the Poorer Classes in Great the earlier years of last century the occupations
Britain."
have already outrun our space, suffice it to say homestead baking, brewing, thatching,
of the
that a helpful sketch is given of commercial edu-
Mr. de Montmorency makes a really interest- rough carpentry, spinning, weaving, and the
cation abroad, that the West Riding experiment
ing story of State-aided elementary education, like constituted what would to-day be called
and he writes clearly and well. The work is inaugurated in 1891 is described, and that hints but this instruc-
a practical technological course ;
carefully indexed, and its usefulness is increased and suggestions are provided on the organiza- tion can now only be found in a scholastic
by tables of statutes cited, of cases to which refer- tion of commercial education courses of various some grade or
of kind, for
institution
ence is made, as well as of ecclesiastical docu- grades, including higher elementary, smaller " machinery saves hand labour, and nothing is
ments and other works mentioned. Much addi- technical, and secondary schools, and the made at home."
tional matter, including speeches by Brougham technical college or department of a university The papers on Geography and on Don
' ' '
and Roebuck, is provided at the end, and college. Of these we note with satisfaction that Ouixote deserve consideration. The study of
'
the volume is a satisfactory and trustworthy in the secondary course to be taken for three Cervantes and his immortal creation cannot,
compendium of the subject up to 1833, where years between fourteen and seventeen, out of without undue straining of words, be classed
the author places the beginning of the 33 lessons a week 10 are given on languages all among object lessons it is, however, an excel-
new edu- ;
cation as distinguished from the old. through the course, and that whereas commercial lent exampleof the way in which the work of a
subjects increase from G to 9, science and art great author can be introduced into class routine
Commercial KdHcation at Home and Abroad.
(including mathematics) decrease from 11 to 8. and made of high educational value to scholars,
By F. Hooper and T. Graham. (Macmillan.)
When we say that Mr. Hooper is secre- The book closes with a selection of typical
examination papers.
Mr. Rooper treats his other subjects, 'Gaiety
tary of the Bradford Chamber of Commerce and Individualism in Education,' Herbert
and Mr. Graham Inspector for Commercial Educational Studies and Addresses. By T. G. Spencer's work, 'The Tree of Knowledge,' &c.,
Subjects and Modern Languages to the West Rooper. (Blackie & Son.) Mr. Rooper pre- in a stimulating way.
Riding County Council, and that these two sents to us a collection of thoughtful papers on
gentlemen have co-operated in several works on educational subjects, most of which were read
busine.ss methods, the public may fairly con- ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY.
before branches of the Parents' National Educa-
clude that they are well qualified to deal with tional L'nion, while several of them have appeared The Canonization of Saint Osmund. By A. N.
their subject. Yet the value of their work is in the Parents' Jievien-. The papers no doubt Maiden. (Wilts Record Society.) Mr. Maiden,
not Bo much that it reaches definite conclusions interested and instructed the members of the the Chapter- Clerk of Salisbury, deserves well of
on matters of detail as that it offers a good Union to whom they were addressed, but as ecclesiologists. and of all who are interested in
selection of materials for those who are to con- most of them are already accessible to educa- the story of one of England's greatest bishops,
struct the national scheme of commercial educa- tionists in the Parents' Pevien- there seems no for the careful printing and annotation of a col-
tion. Part L of this book is properly devoted adequate reason for their republication in book lection of original documents pertaining to the
to the role which the British Government form. Theessay on Edward Sdguin contains canonization of St. Osmund. Full transcripts
should play so as to emulate the action of are supplied of a variety of manuscript records
much that is unfamiliar to the casual reader,
foreign governments. We want as soon as may but the remainder of the book presents little in the muniment room of Salisbury Cathedral,
be grants for commercial on the same footing as that is not already generally known to to which only brief reference has been made by
science courses, on the general principle that persons who take an interest in educational previous writers. An able introduction gives a
courses shall be strictly educational up to theory and practice and, from the nature of
;
good summary of their contents, and throws
seventeen years of age. Once again it is here the compilation, there is in it much repetition much light on the whole elabor-ite method of
demonstrated that our provision is absurdly in- and much overlapping of subjects, so that the canonizati'i). The process in the Western Church
-
in mediifjval days was much the same as is now and the Abbot of Stanley to inquire into the The Convents of Great Britain. By Francesca
followed. (Jn receipt of a petition of sufHcient miracles, and how this evidence had been pre- M. Steele. (Sands & Co.) Father Thurston,
weight in favour of adding a name to the roll of served in the cathedral archives. The petition who writes an interesting preface to this use-
saints, the Pope issued a commission of inquiry. was supported by letters from the king. The ful book, draws attention to the remarkable
When commissioners had been
the report of the result was the appointment of a fresh commis- revival of the religious life during the nine-
received, a formal process was drawn up, and sion, consisting of the Papal Nuncio in England teenth century, during which so many new
three cardinals of different nations examined the and the Bishops of Winchester and Hereford, to religious institutes of the Roman obedience
evidence and reported to the Consistory. The inquire as to further miracles. In the course of were founded, more particularly in France.
Pope in council then considered the alleged the thirteenth - century inquiry twenty - nine He does not, however, note tliat this extra-
miracles seriatim, as well as the recommenda- witnesses were examined, who attested their ordinary steadfastness to the old orders and
tions of the three cardinals, and a decision was personal knowledge of a variety (jf miracles. the establishment of new ones have been chiefly
made whether the life of the candidate had One of these shows the way in which sufferers confined to the female sex. It will be a sur-
attained to a sufticiently high standard of treated the tomb of the deceased prelate about prise to many to learn that there are at the
sanctity. If the decision was favourable, the a hundred years after his death, for a diseased present time in England and Scotland six hun-
whole matter was next submitted to the arch- jawbone was reported cured while the sufferer was dred separate congregations of Roman Catholic
bishops and bishops then at Rome, and if their rubbing his jaw upon the tomb. A widow testi- women, which at an average of ten to each
opinion was unanimous another consistory was fied to having seen the lights about the tomb establishment leads to the conclusion that
held, when the time of publication of the bull extinguished and relighted by themselves, when there must be alx)ut six thousand of these
of canonization was announced. there was no one near who could have relighted sisters domiciled in Great Britain. Large
Osmund, the nephew of William the Con- them, nor was there any other light near. Six as this number is, there is no doubt that
witnesses spoke to the restoration to life of a it is surpassed by the number of Anglican
queror, was the second bishop of the two sees
Ramsbury and Sherborne, which were united at child apparently drowned, but in this case sisters within the Establishment, of whom no
Old Sarum in 1075. He built the greater part blankets and a fire were at the least accessories. account is taken in these pages ; and this is
A candle, the same length as the child, was all the more remarkable when the bitter hos-
of the cathedral church of Old Sarum, and pro-
offered at the bishop's tomb when his assistance tility that they excited barely half a century
vided for its service by forming a chapter of
secular canons, modelled on that of Bayeux in was invoked. ago is remembered. It is rather curious that
In connexion with the later inquiry thirty- in the historic preface to this volume no
Normandy. Tradition has it that he was the
first to arrange the offices after the "Use of three miracles were deposed to by forty-six reference is made to the number of nuns
Sarum," which was later adopted by the witnesses. A former vicar of the cathedral that there were in England in the time of
greater part of England. His memory, not only deposed of his own knowledge to a variety of Henry VIII. Abbot Gasqwet estimates their
as a noble benefactor, but also as a man of much miracles, among which was the restoration of numbers at 1,500. They were then divided into
sanctity of life, was highly venerated from an a maniac to his senses, the sufferer having Benedictines, Cistercians, Austins, Cluniacs,
early period. An inventory of the cathedral placed his head and hands in a certain aperture Premonstratensians, Franciscans, and Domini-
treasures in 1222 enumerates a chasuble and a in the tomb. One of the most striking of the cans, Of these the Benedictines had by far
broken crozier that had belonged to the bishop. alleged miracles is the recovery of a girl who the largest share. Two of the congregations,
In 1228 Bishop Richard Poore and the chapter had been struck by a quoit upon the head and now in England can claim an early origin.
petitioned Gregory IX. for his canonization. taken up for dead. John Comb, of Quidhampton, One of these was that of the Bridgettine nuns
The usual commission of inquiry into the merits testified to an accident when an early form of
from Sion, near Isleworth, who, after settling
for a short period in the Low Countries and
of his life and miracles was thereupon issued. cricket was being played. His neighbours were
at Rouen, removed to Lisbon but now,
Although no adverse decision was given the pro- playing at ball with great clubs at Bemerton, ;
house of this importance. In record searching- plan given on \). 28, the frater was not at vagaries do not matter. We cannot, however,
it would be ditlicult to lind a rival for Dr. right angles to the south cloister, as is usual feel sure that she has not changed the mean-
Birch, but it would have been well if lie had in the Cistercian plan, but was continuous ing of more important i)assagcs. In the
availed himself of the help of others in deal- with the south wall. Merevale, Warwickshire, preface the Dutch editor tells us that the
ing with the question of the Cistercian plan. is another example of this variation from the Afrikander spirit has been much misconceived
\'aluable as was the work on the Cistercian ordinary arrangement, Mr. Hore makes the in England, but we find no trace of that cor-
houses done many years ago b\' the late Mr. common mistake of saying that the cloister rection of misconception in the volume which
fSharpe, it is now admitted by all genuine garth was used for the burial of the monks. ho claims for it. The view which we derive
monastic students that his conclusions were from its perusal is not diiVerent frou] that
in some respects hasty and faultj'. Later and already entertained by all careful observers
better planning of Cistercian houses has BOOKS ABOUT HPAIN. of the war.
established a variety of points that Dr. Bii-ch M.GustAveRkgniku has contributed to the The author served at first under Erasmus in
ignores, and he seems unaware of Mr. Fowler's "Bibliotheque Espagnole " of M. Privat, of the wholly unsuccessful operations of that
publication of the Cistercian statutes. It is Toulouse, an agreeable volume on La Vie Boer leader in the first part of the Natal
actually supposed by Dr. Birch that two Univcr>iUaire dans I'Ancienne Espagne. He campaign. He evidently thinks that Erasmus
rooms on the western side of the monks' has not attempted a history of the Spanish was a coward, as well as wholly incompetent,
cloister were "used as places of reception and universities in tlie spirit of Mr. Rashdall, but but he mentions the capture by Erasmus of
hospitality to visitors or for almsgiving- to the
only a sketch of the life of the Spanish student, 250 British infantry by pure chance on the
poor," an idea absolutely inconsistent with the to which such copious references occur in day of the battle of Dundee, of which we do
initial discipline of a Cistercian house. Other
plays and tales. It much resembled life in not remember previously to have heard. He
suggestions as to the use of certain parts of other medijeval universities, but the Middle says that they had been detached to attack
the buildings accepted or cxuoted in these Ages lasted longer in Spain than elsewhere, Lucas Meyer in the rear and had blundered
pages are equally faulty. Dr. Birch thinks and consequently it plays a more considerable into the lost commando of Erasmus, which
that the frater or fratry was the " day room of part in literature. M. Regnier confines himself otherwise rendered, it will be remembered, no
the monks," whereas it was the English name almost entirely to Salamanca; still, in the help to the Boer general. This, therefore,
for the refectory or dining-hall. The second brief notice of Osuna he might as well have was the first "surrender" or "regrettable
story of the chapter-house is said to have been
mentioned the eulogy of its university by incident " of the campaign. The autlior shares
the writing-room or library of the Cistercian
Rojas in his Viaje Entretenido
*
'
not that
;
the general dislike of the Boers for the
houses where books were kept, and volumes
it is of any real value, but it seems to show
foreigners who fought for them, except the
also were written and illustrated but such ;
that Osuna was not so much a subject of Hollanders with whom he himself seems to
work was usually done in the cloisters the ridicule as Sigiienza. M. Regnier's contribu- have been acting, and accuses the Irish corps
recesses for the bookcases at Rievaulx, Fon-
tion to the history of Spanish education is of horse-stealing from their own friends,
tains, and Kirkstall can still be seen. It is
highly welcome, but it really ought to have although he admits that their example spread.
stated with emphasis that " no part of the M. Privat should be ashamed He describes the flight of our right wing at
had an index
cloisters remains in any English Cistercian
of issuing it without one. the battle of Ladysmith, and states that if the
abbey," a statement that proves the writer's Boers had had the courage to follow
ignorance of Combe Abbey, Warwickshire. Miss Higgin's little volume, Spanish Life in " the enemy when they fled in disorder, we should
Tintern is written of as if it was the only Town and Connirij (Newnes), is pleasant and iu all probability have taken those positions
that
Cistercian house with the conventual buildings well put together. The wa-iter shows genuine would have involved the immediate surrender of
on the north of the church but this was not
;
sympathy with the Spaniards, and a good Ladysmith."
so exceptional an arrangement, for to Tintern understanding of their best qualities. In fact, This is the opinion held by many British
must certainly be added Ford, Dore, and if she errs it is on the side of eulogy. Her officers who were present. The author repeat-
Buildwas, which all follow a like plan. The friends have no doubt made considerable ]no- edly describes the extraordinarily bad shooting
ia^t half of this volume deals with various gress of late years in commerce and the of the British infantry, and he returns over
religious houses of CardilT and the district, acquisition of wealth, but whether that and over again to examples of cowardice upon
and supplies much information with regard to advance is altogether so wholesome as she both sides. He was present at the capture of
the history of the castle and town. It is thinks may be open to dispute. She seems the Lincolns under Col. Roberts, a matter
unfortunate that the book lacks an index. hardly to have stopped to consider the demon- which was the subject of two inquiries. We
The Histonj of Dunhrodij Ahheij. By Philip stration of savage discontent, to use a mild generally call this engagement Uitral's Nek
Herbert Hore. (Elliot Stock.) The account word, that breaks out every now and again or Nitral's Nek. He calls it Selikat's Nek.
of Dunbrody Abbey, with certain additions, among the artisans of Catalonia, or the The author says that the prisoners made by
forms the third instalment of the history of wretchedness prevalent among the tillers of him and his friends "were too cowardly to
the county of Wexford now in progress, which the soil in the south-west nor is it easy to
;
defend themselves. A few of our comrades
has already received favourable notice in these accept without qualification her eulogy on took them down." He then goes on to explain
pages- This abbey, also Cistercian, colonized the late king, who was quick of apprehension, that the British soldier fought well so long as
from Buildwas in Shropshire, forms one of the but self-indulgent. Yet on such matters it he was under the immediate control of his
most interesting and be;iutiful monastic ruins is impossible to expect unanimity of oiiinion officer, but that in the extended order
of
it is more certain that the author's oV)serva- modern war, when the control of officers is
left in Ireland. It was founded in 1175 by
Hervey de Montmorency, steward of all Earl tions are always deserving of consideration as lost, men remain lying behind such cover
Strongbow's Irish estates. Great care and those of a competent witness. On literary as they can find without firing, being too
industry have l^eeu shown in tracing the his- topics she is not so well informed. She talks frightened to expose themselves. It is the
tory of the place, through a series of of our late contributor Don P. de Gayangos as very general opinion of French officers
chronicles, from its foundation to its dissolu- if he were still alive, and she has not heard of that under universal military service
tion, and of the estates after Reformation the death of Campoamor. French regiments are likely in future
times down to the present day. Collotypes war to behave in the same way. and the
arc given of the foundation charter, and example of the Chinese campaign tends some-
various illustrations of the picturesque, but OUR LIBRARY TABLE. what to confirm this opinion as regards all
ivy-spoilt remains ; but again we lament that Messrs. Mktiiuicn & Co. publish On Com- European armies; the .Japanese being an
a> writer who has shown so rare an industry mando, by Dietlof van Warmelo, a book on the exception in the high personal courage of all
in record searching should have taken so little war, the value of which lies in its obvious the individual men, as our own best (Jhoorka
trouble to inform liimself as to the nature of truthfulness of intention. The author is not regiments also are. The author puts in a
the Cistercian plan, or the manner of life fol- little tag as to the British infantry privates
a hero on his own showing he appears to have
being more inclined to show cowardice because
;
lowed by this great order. There is no excuse lieen somewhat disinclined to risk his bones or
for the numerous mistakes and blunders of this
" they are not fighting for their indei>endence."
to remain continuously at the front; and his
cliaracter, for Mr. St. .John Hope lias given But his own friends, though fighting for their
virtual charges of i)rotty general cowardice
admirable ground -plans of several of their against our infantry are accompanied by simi- independence, do i\ot by any means unifoimly
principal houses; Mr. Micklethwaite has lar charges against his own side. According come ofT any better at his hands and he ;
written clearly and well on their arrangements to the showing of this Boer writer the war was describes De la Roy violently striking on the
face, apparently for cowardice, men ol a
iiarty
{Yurks. Arch. Journdl, vii.) Mr. Fowler lias
;
conducted in a thoroughly unsatisfactory way belonged. ^^ e
printed their statutes and there is a cjiarm- to which the author himself
;
by both belligerents. There is some dilliculty author justified in
ing and accurate account of their manner of do not think that the is
in quoting our author, for tlie translation is that
living in Newman's Life of Stephen Harding,'
'
the work of a young lady who evidently knows stating, which he does only from hearsay,
in tho chapter called A Day at Citcaux.' We
'
notliing about military terms. She habitually what he or the translator calls "four com-
could willingly have spared some of the es<:Q\- "bombs," and speaks of bullets panies of the Scots Greys" "escaied" from
calls shells
; ; ;'
of censure in tho two inquiries, but it was on readers, as it well deserves to do, the author's ungracious, the reviewer must add that there
tho ground that he had not done all that might aspiration should be realized. For the tale as ought to have been a great deal more fascina-
have been done to assist the Lincolns, and we told has a wide human interest, and may be tion than there is, and of a finer quality.
believe that the Scots Greys maintained their enjoyed by those who have never seen India, "The night side," or, for that matter, any
position on the hills at the side of Nitral's whilst those acquainted witli that country will other side, of London life is a romantic sub-
Nek until after the retirement of tho Boers. recognize fidelity of description of men and ject, as many of our greatest writers have
Some may have "escaped," but certainly not women, of pilgrimages, and of villages and cities shown. Tho night side of London, treated
four squadrons nor even four troops. The great and small, worldly and holy. With this in the spirit of a paragraph in a " Society
author also fully describes the surprise of truth there is combined much idealization, but paper," is not agreeable. Stevenson once
Nooitgedacht, and he, we believe justly, claims possibly not more than is necessary for English asked his readers to conceive of "chiropody
credit for the Boers for having attacked in readers. The idea throughout is apparently to treated with a leer." Such treatment reminds
the open some hundreds of the Northumber- show how hardly certain caste customs press on us of some things here. The chapter called
land Fusiliers, who surrendered to them. individuals, and how, under a benevolent Eng-
'
In tho Streets is better, as, indeed, are all
'
There can be no doubt that Nooitgedacht is lish rule and education, Hindus are gradually those which deal with the very poor classes
one of the regrettable incidents which require emancipating themselves. In this case child and the accounts of the more Bohemian clubs
investigation by the Royal Commission. marriage or betrothal and the disabilities of are veracious. The In Society'
section is'
widowhood form the theme. Sudha, the absurd, with its "high Sassiety," the
The seventh volume of the Historical "Duchess of Blankshire's ball," and the rest
Records of Neiu South Wales, which deals heroine,
"became a wife at ten and a widow at twelve. of the stock properties of this kind of
with the years 1809-11, reaches us from the journalese. The chapters which deal with
'Wife' and 'widow' were mere words to her; she
Government Printer at Sydney. It is edited heard them, but did not comprehend what they boxing generally, and the National Sporting
by Mr. F. M. Bladen, and appears to be a meant. Child-widow, she came to her married Club in particular, are genuine, sensibly
thoroughly creditable production, of which sister's house, and threw aside the veil and wifely
written, and of interest. The Masked Ball' '
the index is notably good. The volume deals decorations to take again her toys and play with her
kitten as beseemed the child that she was." chapter is silly, and, we think, unwise in its
with a painful period of the history of New jocose countenancing of callow youths w-ho
South Wales, and it requires some courage in The hero Sarat, a very favourable specimen of
Anglicized young Bengal, falls in love with this
make fools of themselves. There are illustra-
the local government to print these docu- tions upon nearly every page of the book, and
ments. On the other hand, so many rumours girl, whogrowsup to be beautiful and attractive ;
almost all of them have humour. But when
still exist in Sydney of a description unpleasant their trials and sorrows are many and deep, but
one thinks how whimsically and pleasantly
to living persons as affecting their near eventually vanish and all is well. Around this those illustrations might have been treated in
ancestors, that it is well that the facts should story are hung, but not so obtrusively as to
the letterpress, and what a wealth of interest-
be established. We have often heard it said, spoil it, musings with method concerning ing contemporary lore the subject offers to
for examjDle, that the famous reformer Mr. English administration in India, the wisdom
students, one cannot but regret that the artist
W. C. Wentworth was of low birth and the ; of Lord Ripon, and the excellence of Lord
has not been better served by the author.
best that used to be said of him by his enemies Cornwallis's "permanent settlement," which,
was that he had been a private soldier. It it is hinted, has successfully averted famine for
Captain John Broivn of Harper's Ferry. By
seems clear from the documents here published the last hundred years. "The volume is light
John Newton. (Fisher Unwin.) Mr. Newton
that he had been originally sent out to the and pleasant to read and to hold, creditable has written a very good and interesting
colony under perfectly creditable circum- life of the famous John Brown, whose raid
alike to author and publisher.
stances, and that even the statement as to his on the arsenal at Harper's Ferry he rightly
Submarine Warfare, Past, Present, and regards as "a preliminary incident to the
connexion with the army was a mistake, based Future. By Herbert C. Fyfe. (Grant Richards.) great Civil War of America." It is true, of
no doubt upon the fact that he had received
a commission as provost-marshal, this, how-
Mr. Fyfe is an enthusiast in his subject, and course, that the Civil War was not formally
though he writes with more zeal than know- undertaken for the purpose of abolishing
ever, being at the time a civil appointment. ledge, he has succeeded in compiling an inte-
The main facts in the life of ~W. C. Wentworth slavery, just as the war which has now closed
resting handbook of all that is known as well in South Africa was not formally undertaken
are correctly set forth in the Dictionary of
'
as of much that is not known of this novel mode for the consolidation of the British Empire.
National Biography.' of attack and defence at sea. We may, at least, But in each case the underlying purpose
Harper & Brothers publish in " Harper's be quite sure that the case for submarines is was greater than the nominal and immediate
International Commerce Series The United '
'
put in the most favourable light, and are reasons which precipitated a conflict, and in
Kingdcm and its Trade, by Mr. Harold Cox, a therefore entitled to say that whilst no one
each ease the true objects of the war were
well-executed compilation from our statistics will attempt to deny the vast and even terrible
made perfectly clear before the last shots
both of trade and of matters which bear on possibilities which the future may realize,
were fired. The real meaning of Brown's
trade, such as public income, expenditure, it is premature to claim for the subma- unsuccessful raid was well expressed in the
and debt. The book is not only accurate so rines of the present any very important in-
sermon which Wendell Phillips preached over
far as we have tested the figures, but also to fluence on naval operations. For the sub- his grave:
some extent novel in its treatment of the marine, when submerged, is blind it is as
helpless at sea as would be a lonely traveller
;
"He has abolished slavery in Virginia. You may
matters concerned. As regards expenditure, say this is too much. Our neighbours are the last
it would perhaps have been well to point on an unknown moor on a pitch dark night men we know. The hours that pass us are the ones
out that when we make any comparison and as yet all the devices to enlighten its we appreciate the least. Men walked Boston streets
between our own and that of foreign countries path, or to enable it to see, are mere ingenious when the night fell on Bunker's Hill and pitied
we must remember that with us the military experiments of no practical utility. Ventila- Warren, saying, 'Foolish man! Thrown away his
expenditure not only of India and of the self- tion is another difficulty which has by no life! Why didn't he measure his means better ?
governing colonies, but of the Crown colonies, means been overcome to the extent that Mr.
We see him standing colossal that day on that blood-
stained sod, and severing the tie that bound Boston
is outside our accounts, with the exception of Fyfe seems to think; though, indeed, amid to Great Britain. That night George III. ceased to
a portion of the Crown colony expenditure the numerous and often contradictory reports rule in New England. History will date Virginian
while in the case of other empires possessing which he has culled from newspapers, and pre- emancipation from Harper's Ferry. True, the slave
is still there. So, when the tempest uproots a pine
colonies the accounts of the mother country sents to his readers unsifted, it is not always
show the whole expenditure. Moreover, our on our hills, it looks green for months, a year or two.
easy to say what he thinks. This is especially Still, it is timber, not a tree. Thus has John
Civil Service votes contain a considerable noticeable in the accounts of the celebrated Brown loosened the roots of the slavery system.'"
amount of military expenditure as, for trial of the Gustave Zede at Ajaccio, Mr. Newton, who mainly follows Sanborn,
example, that for the Foreign Office wars in which we might almost be led to believe
has placed the true bearing of John Brown's
British East Africa, in Somaliland, and else- was a genuine and most important success,
life on the slavery question in a proper historic
where. On p. 137, under the head 'Debt did we not know from other sources that
light. His little book is very readable, and
Charge,' the figures in the column Eeduc- ' it was very much of a " put-up job."
draws a picture of a strenuous life which
tion of Capital for 1901-2 are, of course,
' Still, as a popular account of what has been
would be worth understanding even if it had
affected by the war debt alluded to on other done in the past by submarines with which, not thus been involved with great events. We
pages, but not at this point. in literal though not in technical accuracy,
may quote a striking story which one of
The Lake of Palms, translated into English
torpedoes are grouped the book will be found
Brown's sons told of his father's methods of
by Romesh Dutt, CLE. (Fisher Unwin), is a
interesting and if in forecasting for the
;
family education :
seating himself ou a block, gave me the whip and Moreau (H.), Sir Wilfrid Laurier, :ifr. 50.
notes by me collected out of divi'rs records and
bade me lay it on to his bare back. I dared not
' '
Geography and Travel. monuments, which I delivered to my loving friend
refuse to obey, but at first I did not strike hard. Lardeur (F. J), Sur les Chemins d'lrlande, .3fr. Thomas Speght and he having drawn the same
;
concern the world of fashion more than that of the arranger. Too often the journalist of to-day, " It seems rather to have been merely a publica-
in writing "hurriedly of many subjects of tion of the booksellers to which that antiquary was-
literature. It is, however, a useful record authorized to add productions of the poet that he
of all sorts of workers as well as frivolous which he knows little," turns to the nearest
found still unprinted. [It will have been seen Stow
folk. There are several good photographs of
'
Index to Periodicals,' and, having quickly claims to have done rather more tlian Mr. Louns-
London scenes by wav of conclusion. tracked his prey, bolts it wholesale. Some time bur)' gives him credit for.] It did not differ, at
back I myself had to complain to the learned least to any marked extent, from the preceding col-
editor of an important London paper regarding lections l)y changes made in the text but the whole ;
LIST OF NEW BOOKS. the conduct of one of his most esteemed con- number
of poems was a good deal augmented. The
ENGLISH. character of most of these additions, however, was-
tributors. In this case vital deductions relative
not such as to inspire confidence in the intelligence
Theology. to a knotty point in theatrical history, such as or the faste of the man who had rescued them from
Mxcleay (K. A.), The Never-Changing Creed, or. 8vo, 2 6 were arrived at only after years of patient the oblivion into which they had fallen. John Stow
Kae (H. R.K How Jeeua handled Holy Writ, cr. 8vo, 2/6
Robinson J. i A ), The Study of the Gospels, cr. 8vo, 2/6 net. research, were reproduced as originally written, was indeed what our fathers used to call a 'painful
Philosophy. without the slightest acknowledgment. The antiquary.' Unfortunately his judgment bore little-
Wise The Improvement proportion to his pains. Still, the pieces he added
(3. S ), of the Moral Qualities, 8vo, journalist was frank enough to avow his fault,
5,' net. were received in his time as geuuine without much'
Political Economy.
the editor apologized and the injury remained I
question, and have in some instances come to plaj-
Norton (J. P.), Statistical Studies in the New York Money Nor is the journalist who writes hurriedly " of an important part in the biography and literary
Market, 8vo, 6 net. many subjects of which he knows little " the estimate of the poet."
History and Biography. Considering the conditions of and certainly it
sole offender. So the American scholar ;
Carlyle (T.), The French Kevolution, 12mo, leather, 2,6 net.
Cbarlevoijc (P. F. X. de). History and General Description his work, he is far less culpable than a certain must be allowed that Stow was not a better
of New I" ranee, translated and edited by Dr. J. G. Shea, class of plodding bookmaker. I recall to mind criticof Chaucerian style than his con-
6 vols. imp. 8vo, 70 net.
Kitton (F. G.), Charles Dickens, 8vo, 5/ net.
a so-called theatrical history, flung at an un- temporaries or than hundreds of those that
Mockler-Ferryman (Major A. F.), Annals of Sandhurst, :^; offending public a few months back, in which came after him, down to such a highly cultured
Pedder (H. C), Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, 2 6 net. page after page was unblushingly pilfered from person as the late Dean Stanley, who believed
Source Readers in American History: No. 1, Colonial
Children, annotated by A. B. Hart, cr. 8vo, 2,6 D'Israeli's Curiosities of Literature,' Gibber's
'
The Flower and the Leaf was written by
'
'
Wright (A.) and Smith (P.), Parliament, Past and Present, '
Apology,' and divers other books and maga- Chaucer, and permitted a scene from it to-
Vol. imp. Svo, 7,6 net.
zines, without so much asadistinguLshing quota- appear in a window dedicated to Chaucer. But
I,
Tytler (S .^ The Courtship of Sarah, cr. Svo, 6/ " HenrieScogan, a learned poet, in the cloister,"
Warden (G.), Beyond the Law, cr. Svo, .3/6 and then "Geoffrey Chaucer, the most famous and Urry's editions of Chaucer's works.
;
the poet was buried " Visimonasterii in australi John W. Hale.s. frequently lent for public exhibition, as at the
insula basilicic D. Petro sacne " in the south P.S.
Since writing the above I find that the great show of two years ago. One of the most
aisle (he seems to have identified "aisle" and interesting is the set of matrices of Greek
author of The Life of Chaucer prefixed to
'
" isle ""axilla " and " insula "). He quotes '
Materna;, hac sacra Bum tumulatus humo ; bridge applied for a fount of thein in 1692."
himself says of this life when he describes the
and then has a pleasure in giving, as we have south transept in his great work), corrected
The Iinprimerie Nationale has during the
just said, the whole of Surigonius's poem, from last 260 years produced some of the most
the error which it may now seem Stow adopted
which that couplet is taken. "Juvafc," he splendid monuments of typography since the
from Fox. After stating that Chaucer was
writes, " totam ipsam nreniam quoniam tersa, introduction of printing. Its two editions of
buried in "the great South Cross aisle," he
canora et rotunda est, in prseaentia recitare. Sic the Imitation de .I<3sus Christ are triumphs :
'
'
adds :
enim Chaucerus, qui re vera maximus fuit, nobili with the beautiful folio of 1610, produced
" Some Writers have affirmed that he was first
itestimonio externi scriptoris major videbitur." under the patronage of Cardinal Richelieu,
buried in the Cloysters fa note refers to Fox's
Again, in the dedication and preface printed 'Acts and Mon.,' IGSi, vol. ii. p. i2], and lay there till the Imprimerie Royale proper made an excel-
in Berthelet's edition of the 'Confessio Amantis,' some years after but this is a mistake, for Caxton
:
lent start but this was improved upon in
;
institution in the Rue Vieille-du- Temple, tion came the equally beautiful edition of
'
'
Illustrations of the Lives and Writings of Paris, ought not to pass unnoticed in an Virgil, 1641, in folio, sought after as a speci-
Gower and Chaucer.' It comes from 'A Dia- English literary journal. We
have nothing of
logue both pleasant and pietif ul wherein is a godlie
men of typography Horace, Juvenal, Persius,
;
the same kind in London, though possibly the and Terence were issued from the same press,
regiment against the Fever Pestilence,' &c. Clarendon Press at Oxford comes nearest to it,
a dialogue between Medicus and Crispine,
and have also dropped in commercial value
in some few respects. The history of the Im- " ils etaient beaucoup plus chers autrefois,"
.printed in London in 1573, the preface signed primerie Nationale is long and interesting. laments Brunet. Two editions of the Latin
W. Bullein. In a vision of the poets Chaucer It was founded by Fraugois I., who appointed Bible were produced one in eight volumes, :
ds described in this wise :
Conrad Neobar the ofBcial printer of books in folio, in 1642, and the other in two volumes,
" Wittie Chaucer satte in a chaire of gold covered Greek; in 1539 Robert Estienne became the quarto, in 1653. The edition in thirty-seven
with roses, writyug prose and rime, accompanied king's printer of Latin and Hebrew. They volumes, folio, of the Conciliorum Omnium '
with the Spirites of many kynges, knightes and were, perhaps, rather printers to the king '
'iaire ladies whom he pleasauntly bespriukeled with Generalium et Provincialium Collectio Regia
;
as distinguished from the heads of a royal appeared in 1644 and an edition of the
the sweete water of the welle consecrated vnto the ;
Muses, ecleped Aganippe. And as the beauenly printing establishment. Louis XIII. intro- *
Metamorphoses of Ovid, with illustrations
'
their inheritaunce, &c. And further thus he said to the Hotel Beaujon, then to the Hotel Pen- Generale des Lois, Proclamations, Instructions
Jamentj'ng thievre, and then in 1808 to the present build- et autres Actes du Pouvoir Executif,' in
:
Ooueteous men do catche all that thei male haue, ing, which was erected in 1712 by Armand
The felde and the fiocke, the tombe and the graue. eighteen volumes, quarto, and generally known
And as thei abuse riches and their graues that are gone, Gaston, Cardinal de Rohan, Bishop of Stras- in France as the Collection du Louvre.'
'
The same measure thei shall haue euery one. bourg, who achieved a second distinction in Its more recent books include Le Livre des '
Yet no buriall hurteth holie men, though bestes them becoming a member of the Academie Frangaise
deuour Rois the ' Bliagavata
' ; Les Monuments '
;
'
Nor riche graue preuaileth [availeth] the wicked, for all without having published anything. Later on de Ninive'; the * Commentaires de Cesar,'
yearthly power." another cardinal of the same family, Louis produced on the occasion of the Exposi-
That is, Chaucer protests against the rough Rend, Prince de Rohan-Gu{5mdne, resided here, tion of 1867 the Moliere to signalize that of
;
way in which many graves have been disturbed and it was this unscrupulous scoundrel who 1878 ; Michelet's Histoire de la Revolution,'
'
^and rifled a way in such contrast to Brigham's forged the signature of the queen, and thus for the Exhibition of eleven years later the ;
reverent translation of the poet's bones to started the affair of the diamond necklace. 'Corpus InscriptionumSemiticarum '; and last,
another spot inside the great Abbey Church. For many reasons the disappearance of the but by no means least, the sumptuous His- *
Camden also, a junior contemporary of Stow's national printing house will not be regretted, toire de rimprimerie en France.'
he was born in 1551 and died in 1623, Stow above all from its insanitary state: it has W. RoBErvTS.
livingfrom 1525 to 1605 informs us that the become almost a plague-spot, not only to those
poet's remains were transferred by Brigham who work in it (some 1,500 in number), but also
from their original grave to their new and to those who live in the immediate quarter. The EDMUND PYLE, D.D.
permanent one. These are Camden's words in old building is to be pulled down, the space
In answer to Mr. Rushforth, the letters of
Misdescription of the "Australis plaga Eccleste" which it occupies will be sold for the benefit Dr. Pyle, one hundred and fifteen in number,
of the city at large, and the new printing
in what is, I suppose, the first handbook to the are addressed to my maternal great-grand-
Abbey ever published in his Reges, Reginae, offices will be at Grenelle.
'
father Samuel Kerrich, D.D., vicar of Der-
Nobiles et alii in Ecclesia Collegiata B. Petri The literary associations of the Hotel de singham and rector of Wolferton and of West
Westmonasterii sepulti usque Rohan would fill a large volume. As a printing Newton, and cover the period, from 1729 to
ad annum
reparatfce salutis 1600': establishment it has been described by a 1763. They are part of a large collection
Frenchman as the first in the world, although forming the continuous correspondence of the
"Galfridus Chaucer Poeta celeberrimus, qui
primus Anglicam Poesin ita illustravit vt Anglicus by "moude" a Frenchman should be inter- Rogerson, Gooch, Postlethwaj't, and Kerrich
Homerus habeatur. Obijt 1400. Anno vero 1555 preted as meaning France. It claims to con- families, dating from 1675 to 1828, a few single
Nicholaus Brigham Musarum nomine huius ossa tain founts of at least 158 different Oriental The entire
letters being earlier, up to 1633.
transtulit, et illi novum tuniulum ex marmore languages or dialects. When Pope Pius VII.
his vcrnbm series has been arranged by me in twenty-
inscriptispos7iit" visited the printing office the Lord's Prayer
eight folio volumes, the whole comprising about
And then follow the familiar lines beginning : was printed and presented to him in 150 lan- 6,000 letters. The earlier portion includes
guages, a truly wonderful achievement at
Qui fuit Anglorum vates ter maximus olim, the correspondence of John Postlethwayt,
that time but in 1891 an English firm of
with the motto "^Erumnarum requies mors,"
;
chief master of St. Paul's School, with his
printers, Messrs. Gilbert & Rivington, pro-
and a hexameter to the eflect that ^^ Brigham relatives and pupils. To the exertions of this
duced a volume with the Lord's Prayer in eminent scholar is due the establishment by
'
Almonei's), now tlie professorships, at the two early as William Barker's 'Fearful! :
15(i8 in
be hengyd and yf it were a woman fche schul(?c be
Universities, tie was a friend of Mr, Evelyn, Fansies of the Florentine Gouper,' which is a brent, and so the die rche schulde 8to[ii]de suspends
and conspicuous among the letters of his pupils translation of Gelli's ' Gapricci del Bottaio.' tyl the tyine it were haledyd of a byaceope.
is a very long series from John Wallis (not the Barker coins the word (fol. 20) to represent [A space.]
mathematician), a friend of Addison, who, it Gelli's "Dantista," which on a previous Also the[rl schulde no comoner in thjs londe ete
occasion he had turned by the phrase " a scholer no white hrcile, pullet, capun, pigge, g(;ose, vele ue
appears, was in the habit of submitting his
" (fol. 8). motoun but iiij tymys in tho yere: That is to sey
Latin compositions to Wallis for emendation of Dant Grystemas day, Ester day, Whittsonday, and the
and criticism. This is hardly tho occasion Thomas Campbell, Life and Times of
in his '
dedicacion day of the chirche.
for even the most succinct note upon so long Petrarch,' published 1841, uses the terms
in Also ther sclmlde no comener in thys londe were
a series of letters, but it may bo stated, as " Danteist "and " Danteism " (vol. ii. pp. 356 7), no cloth of colouvbut he niygb[t] spendt* xZ/. yerely ;
to their descent, that connexions by mar- neither of which i.s registered in the New Eng- '
and thije poyntys, with other mo, were the jioyntes
that same Thomas of Cau ntcrbury suitred martyrdom
riages account for tho Kogerson, Gooch, and lish Dictionary.' Byron, in a letter to Murray for.
Postlethwayt portions successively passing to of April yth, 1820, coins the word "Danticles" M. B.
the younger branch of tho Kerrich family, (no doubt on the analogy of " Canticles ") as a
Sanuiel Kerrich having married the heiress of convenient term for his Dantesque pieces, the
Matthew, nephew of John Postlethwayt. The '
Prophecyof Dante and ' Fanny of Rimini
'
SHAIvSPEARE: A SEVENTEENTH- CHNTURY
marriage of my father with the youngerdaughtor ALLUSION.
(as he called his translation of the Paolo and British Museum.
of Thomas Kerrich, also vicar of Dersingham, Francesca episode). Thefollowing allusion to Shakspeare in a
and only son of Samuel, and the consignment Of " Dantean " (of which the earliest example series of satirical stanzas set to music and com-
of the letters to me thirty years ago complete in the New English Dictionary
'
is dated 1850)
'
posed about the year 1669 seems to be hitherto
the story. It may be stated that the corre- I have as yet found no instance. unnoticed, and, like all mentions of him in the
spondence of Samuel Kerrich, 1716-67, fills Paget Toynbee. seventeenth centuiy, is interesting (Harl. MS.
five, and that of his son, dating from 1767 to
6947, f. 401) :
182S, nine volumes. The interest of the latter
series is considerable, inasmuch as it com- THE POINTS AT ISSUE BETWEEN HENRY II. To heauen once ther caime a poett/a frend of mine swore
hee did know itt
prises the long correspondence with Balme, AND BBCKBT. No sooner ther butt hee did cale/the aengills liltell Cupitts-
Douce, Cole, the two Heys, the Hostes, In the Trinity College, Dublin, MS. E. 5, 10, all
Ther haleluiaes sunge in time butt angry cause itt was not
Samuel Lysons, Dean Milner, Charles f. cxxxi., a book of historical collections made rime
Stothard, Henry Petrie, and other antiquaries in the fifteenth century, there is an amusing And when ther prayers they did rehorse hee wondred that
and connoisseurs. With regard more strictly was not verse
is [sic}
specimen of ecclesiastical history as it may be Seeing sutch gloris hee did aske whether twe re notatwelpU
to the point which Mr. Rushforth verj' fairly written. One tissue of lies from start to finish, night mask.
raises
namely, whether any previous use has the document yet deserves to see the light Then hee satt downe vppon a bench askt for a tauerne ami
been made of the Pyle letters in my possession as a choice example of historical imagina- a wench
I have no doubt whatever, for reasons too long tion. Commentary is superfluous, but one What sports they had ther in thor dayes and who eatcli
terme did wright new playes
to give here now, that those in question have would like to know whether the fees, here What joyes to sencis great delights and how they past long
never before seen the light. The letter about named with so much precision as paid to tho winters nights
the Hessians in my collection is dated Septem- king, were being paid in the fifteenth century
In sweet discorce tongs best depaints the ould wines tales of
liues of saints
ber 21st, 17.56, and contains no allusion to to such persons as, say, the inventor of these Butt had no aunser mayd him there wondred wher all his
gout. And as to Richards's specimen of Pyle falsehoods. ould frends weare.
containing an account of the Lynn election of No companey ther hee then did jeere the shepperds
store of
ArticiiU S. Thome
fantyarietisis episcopi.
1747, such a description would not have been fishermen
Yeschulle vnderston how that Kynge Harry ))a
And asked wher the good fellowes bee and could not one
sent to Samuel Kerrich, who lived only nine secunde at liis paralament at Xorthehami)ton made jentillman see
miles off at Dersingham, and was probably a blanks charter and commaudyd all the lordes of Swore that the place was dull so fell from thence to Lusefer
himself present at the scene. I find, however, tlie londe to jiiite to Iheyre Scales. The glorious in hell
ma[r]ter sayut Thomas was bode to pute to bis seal Ould Chauser mett him in great state Spenser and Johnson
a racy account of the Lynn election of January, at the gate
1756, beginning, " The People of Lyn are very & be sayde nay, telle that he harde ye pc[ijnte3 that Beamou and Flettchers witt mayd one butt Shakspeer*
fine People
as] a Man wou'd wish to stick a
scliulde be wrytyn in the sayde charter.
The fyrst poynt* (sic) was this that yere schulde
witt did goe aloane.
Butt ther the poetts nothing lack they had burnt Claritt
no prest, ue clerke, monke, chanoun, ne frere, and rauld sack
British Horace," and his truckling to the no more reuerence then another seculer monf And for a rasher of the coales the had good tuff vsercr*
Government for the peerage he " asked for." haue. Also there schulde no abot, prior, parson, sooles
A. Haktshornk. vicary. parachyach prest, aske no dowtes ne thithea And neuer ther did want a tire to light ther pipes to ther
owfe or holy cherch yat longeth to the chercbe, desire
Will Dauenants health they drunke amaine to all the poet*
and yf J he dyd, he schulde be put in a prison twel- of the trayne
"DANTESQUE," "DANTIST," &.C., IN THE mouthys and a day, and yput to the dethe. By no meanes they would goe from thence drunke a full
'NEW ENGLISH DICTIONARY.' Also ther schulde no commenez set his chjide to quart to his exselence.
Dornej- Wood, Burnliam, Bucks, July 30th, 1902. scole tyjl he payde to the kynges xxcer.
Edward J. L. Scott, D.Litt.
The earliest example of the word "Dantesque" Also ther schulde no clerke take no orderig to be
in the New English Dictionary is dated 18.33
' '
;
prest unto the tyme he had payde to the kynge for
the earliest of " Dantist " is as recent as 1889. ye fyrst tonsure xii^/. For thesecunde ii-y. Subdeken SALE.
vi.v. viii^Z. For the decoun, noblis.ij and the seounde
In the course of my reading for my projected Messrs. Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodok
day after he was made prest, xx.s\
'Dante in English Literature from Chaucer to included in their last sale of tho sea.son the
Also ther sclmlde no man ne woman be bured in
Gary I have come across earlier instances of
'
holy cherch graund but he payd for euery fote following important books Isaac Watts's:
both of these words. The earliest example of that he brake of grownde iiii^Z. to the kynge. Divine Songs, first edition, presentation copy
" Dantesque " I have discovered, so far, occurs Elizabeth Abney, 1715, 155/. Boni-
Also yf the husbonde were dede befor Iiys wyfe, to
in Joseph Forsyth's Remarks on Antiquities,
'
ys gocles scliulde be departyd in iii partes. 'Ibe fyrst facius VIII., Decretales, Mentz, P. Sehoffer,
Arts, and Letters, durincr an Excursion in Italy part to the kynge. The secunde to the lorde of the 1465, 40/. The Germ, 4 original numbers,
in the Years 1802 and 180.3,' a work which was frauncheCs). The thryde to brynge the corse vnto 1850, 35/. Drayton's Polyolbion, both
first published in 1813. the erthe. So that liys wyfe ne liys clulderyn
In his chapter on the parts, 161:J-22, 44/. lO.s. Lydgate's Fall
schulde haue iie goodes that was hys but a sengle
Italian theatre Forsyth, speaking of A16eri,
garment to keuer theyre bodyes withall. of Princes, MS. on vellum, fifteenth cen-
describes his style as " inverted, broken, and tury, 51/. I. Watts's Hone Lyrica*, first
Also ther schulde no cowple be weddyd in holy
obscure full of ellipses, and elisions, .speckled
;
chercbe but they payde xv. to the kynge. edition, presentation copy, 1706, 59/. ;
even to affectation with Dantesiine terms" (ed. Also ther schulde no cliilde be crysten but he Original MS. of Four Sermons, 1705, 57/. A ;
1835, p. 60). From the fact that Forsyth payde vv. to the kynge. Treatise of Humane Reason, 1675, Dr. Watts'*
prints the word in italics it would appear that Xe the inoder be puryfyed but sche payde iii.v. copy, 25/. Goldsmith's Citizen of tho World,,
he regarded it as a neologism, or at any rate as to the kynge. first edition, original boards, 1762,95/. Horic-
not yet naturalized. A few years later, in 1817, Ne the cliilde be confin-iiiyd of the bysschop but B.V.M., MS. on vollum, linoly illuminated,
Coleridge in a letter to Cary speaks of the latter's the fader and the nioder payde iii*. to the kyngi;. presented to Cauon .Iciikins l)y .John Kuskiii,
translation of the Commedia as being " Dant-
' '
Also in case yat any mannes chiide were Siec. XV., 3801. Savonarola, Sopra 1 dicci
esque," and he uses the same term of it in murtherde or had myscheuus dethe within flie age Commandamonti, cuts, 1495, 36/. Milton's
2
another letter to Gary written shortly after- of vii 3ere thoi" necligence of fader or nioder, tlie Poems, first edition, 1645, 85/. Cowley's
wards. The word does not seem to have existed fader schulde be hangyd and the moder brent for Lycidas, 1638,.
Poetical Blossoms, 1633, 35/.
ther owne chiide.
in English in the sixteenth century, for John 199/. Whitney's Clioice of Embloms, 15S6,.
Also if any man or woman had do any furfet
Florio, in his 'Second Frutes.' published in
ayciist the temporall lawc and they liad toke grytli<[
32/. Cato Major, by B. Franklin, 1711,.
1591, uses " dantish " (of which I have met with in holy cherclie in cavynge of theyre iyvyf, the 65/. Boroughbridgo Jtoll of Arms, 1322,
no other example, and which is not recorded in 95/. Sarum Missal, Venot., Hertzog,^
the New English Dictionary ') to render " dan-
' * MS. "ponyt." ^ Kxchequer. 1191, 3K0/. Kstampcs en Coulour.s, 1885-8,
MS. repeats " schulde." y.is. id.
Engravings from Sir T. Lawrence'*
t 1
tesco " (p. 47>. MS. "y.' % Sanctuary. 40/.
:
;,
Vaughan's Silex Scintilians, H')50, 211. Pope's which we reviewed last year, did not by the Prince Regent on two different
Rape of the Lock, 1714, 361. Lancelot du detract from the esteem in which he was occasions. The first collection was pro-
Lac, Paris, P. Lc Noir, 1533, 291. always held. The grand-
Hertslets the cured from the Abbe James Waters. The
father, father, and Sir Edward are almost second collection came from the Palazzo
as much associated with the Foreign Office Monseratto, where the papers had lain for
UtteratB Gossip. as the Martens family with the Foreign years in an open garret.
Office of Russia.
Nowthat the " dreadful trial of our king-
dom's king " is past, we hope that all will TheCasentino, or upper valley of the SCIENCE
.go well in the coronation which is to take Arno, a district rich in associations of
is
place to-day. Meanwhile we may recall a Dante and others, and of great natural
tradition concerning Victoria's coronation. beauty. Messrs. Dent are shortly provid-
Salmon and Trout. By Dean Sage and
There was, it is said, a flutter of green ing a handbook for the traveller who would others.
The Deer Family. By Theodore
Through the Roosevelt and others. " American Sports-
leaves visible in the Abbey, a large number visit this district, entitled '
magazine literature, if it can be called We have only just heard of the death of we imagine, be to American sport what
literature. M. Marie Alphonse Rene de Maulde, which the "Badminton Library" is to sport in
we ought to have noticed before. After general, though on a smaller scale and
Henry Seton Merriman's new novel,
studying in the Ecole des Chartes he took more strictly confined to describing the pur-
' The
Vultures,' will be published by Messrs.
up an official career, but found time to suit of animals with rifle, gun, or rod, and
Smith, Elder & Co. on the 21st inst. The
to questions concerning their natural his-
"Vultures" are men in the service of the write several books distinguished by quali-
Such, at any rate, seems to be
Governments, whose mission it is to find ties rarely seen together grace and erudi- tory.
but
themselves where things are stirring to be tion, with that ironical lightness which is the present intention, success,
other cases, may lead to expansion. The
as in
at the seat of war. The scene is laid chiefly characteristic of the best French writing.
in Poland, shortly after the tripartite divi- His unfinished 'Histoire de Louis XII.,' volume on salmon and trout cannot fail to
Louise de Savoie et Francois I.,' and interest anglers in Britain, for as fishermen
sion of that unhappy country by Russia, '
Jeanne de France are not so well known in increase they have to go further for fish, and,
Prussia, and Austria and the motif is pro-
;
' '
this country as his admirable Les Femmes as is correctly stated, " the British posses-
vided by the plots of Prince Bukaty and '
Dr. Garnett.
The other five leaves are imperfect. These common fault is to select a longer and
fragments have been sent to Prof. Braune, heavier one than is necessary. For boat
An early issue of the Atlantic Monthly of Heidelberg, for his inspection and
will contain a paper fishing the author prefers a fifteen-foot rod
on Charles Dickens, report.
written by Mrs. Meynell during her recent by Forrest of Kelso, of the old-fashioned
^isit to the United States.
The Parliamentary Papers of the week type with which he killed many heavy fish.
Memorandum on the Comparative
include a That pattern of rod was very pleasant to
Sir Edward Hertslex, the editor of the Statistics of Population, Industry, and Com- handle, less fatiguing certainly than the
^Foreign Office List,' and former librarian merce in the United Kingdom and some present make, which is heavier at the top and
of the Office, was in the library of the leading Foreign Countries (SjriJ.); Technical thinner at the butt it is not, however, so
;
Foreign Office from 18-10 until 1896, at Education, Return showing Application of useful when switching or Spey-casting. The
N3902, Aug. 9, 1902 THE ATHENiEUM 193
chief use of a long rod is to hang the fly without appliances, dogs and men drove .icouslomcd to scientific precision of expression.
sufficiently far out, and for this purpose, the fish ashore, capturing as many as were In South America the Spaniards, for in-
when one is fishing from the bank, eighteen desired. stance, christened lion
'
and tiger tlie great
' ' '
observation to bear. One point only is not the fly, and the final one to fly-tying. It is some of these mistakes have taken deep
mentioned, and as that is of more import- not necessary to examine or criticize these root, yet it is to be hoped that in course
ance perhaps than either size or colour it too closely here difference of circumstances
; of time writers and other persons will adopt
may be desirable to say that the main quality probably accounts for divergences from our a more correct nomenclature.
a fly should have is that of sw'imming well accepted ideas. Thus in Britain fly-fishing There are also remarks regarding the
that is, of maintaining its ideal position, the ranks first, whilst spinning a minnow, loose way in which the word " species" is
barb of the hook remaining truly under the specially in clear water, is generally held used, naturalists even not being agreed as
wings and body. A badly-made fly will to require more skill than worm fishing. to what is denoted by the term the same ;
swim on its side, catching none but the most Again, for rough worm fishing, whether of difficulty exists in England, and we sincerely
unsophisticated fish. Thus shape, which the lowest class in flooded and discoloured hope some sensible solution may be found.
involves true swimming, comes first size, ; water or for the scientific form of clear- It is extremely perplexing to follow different
of great importance, comes next while last ; water fishing, no one would willingly use authors who adopt different views as to the
of all comes colour, respecting which the his fly-rod, thereby putting a delicate article limits of genera, species, and varieties.
remarks in the volume under notice are to coarse use ; a stiff sixteen or even seven- After a brief mention of the principal deer
probably sound. Instructions as to casting, teen foot rod is found more suitable. Mr. Roosevelt, whose oj)inion deserves every
fishing, striking, playing, and landing the A good deal that is said seems to point respect, says concerning the most suitable
fish are added, and seem suitable to ordinary to the present state of education among rifle for the game :
occasions in America. The author records American trout being something like it " Nowadays the small-bore, smokeless-powder
that the largest salmon he knows to have was here a century or more ago. Then rifle is universally used for all the
almost
been taken by fly " was killed by Mr. Dun any bunch of feathers securely tied to the different kinds ofgame described in this volume.
on the Cascapedia some years since, and hook passed for a fly, and to cast it down For deer and antelope the lighter rifles are
weighed fifty-four pounds." stream and drag it up was the accepted amply sufficient. For moose and wapiti the
The Pacific salmon, though superior to method now trout flies, at any rate, are
;
heavier kinds are preferable not larger bores,
their Atlantic brethren in size, number, and tolerable imitations of the natural insect, but with a greater quantity of powder and a
commercial value, are inferior from a sports- and whether used dry or wet they are cast longer bullet. The hard, metal jacket of the
man's point of view. The differences on the water and permitted to go with the bullet should, of course, not extend to the
between these varieties are many and point in other words the nose should be of
current. The directions for fly-tying and ;
marked, but the most prominent, perhaps, naked lead The vital point is not the gun,
the illustrations of the flies seem antiquated,
but the man behind the gun."
is that the Pacific breed die after once but there is no doubt that in different places
spawning. The authors of the chapter on different lures are preferred. The illustra- He then enters fully into the difficulties
them eay :
tions vary greatly some are artistic, others
: and emergencies which a hunter must be
"Shortly after the spawning act is com- are purely useful, but all serve their pur- prepared to meet, and as he brings to his
pleted the fish of both .sexes die. Since coming pose. task the experience of a ranchman, his
mto fresh water, their vitality has gradually We now turn to the volume on the deer remarks are eminently sound and practical.
become reduced, the scales have been absorbed, family. It is a great pleasure to read a The rapid disappearance of big game is
the fins and tail have become worn off, the skin description so well arranged and to find the noted and lamented but, not contenting
;
has been lost in places which have been covered various questions involved treated with himself with that, he appeals to his fellow-
with fungus, parasites attack the gills, and
expert knowledge and literary skill. Those countrymen to " make it our business to see
death mercifully ensues.'"
qualities can be confidently claimed for that the process of extinction is arrested."
This reads very like a
description of the contribution by President Roosevelt, His words on this subject are so wise, so
salmon disease as it is known in Britain, whose introductory chapter deserves careful moderate, and so true that they well deserve
and it would be interesting to ascertain consideration. In it he points out that the to be quoted. Space will not allow this, so
how nearly the two maladies coincide. deer tribe furnish the great majority of we must condense. He points out that pre-
There are probably fundamental differences, game animals which are shot with the rifle servation is essentially a democratic move-
for in the one case all die, whereas in the in America, and, being thankful for small ment, but can only be attained by wise laws
other a gradual change from fresh to salt mercies, we congratulate him on having the and their resolute enforcement. "It is
water sometimes effects a cure. The salmon boldness to call the different varieties utterly foolish to regard proper game laws
of the Pacific may be caught by trolling a generally by their proper names, a conces- as undemocratic, unrepublican. On the
spoon adorned with a tuft of bright feathers, sion to English prejudice which, though contrary, they are essentially in the interests
or by salmon roe, or by a hook baited with altogether desirable, may not be entirely of the people as a whole," for, if they are
a sardine or smelt; but the great take of popular. Concerning tliis matter (and it is not enforced, the game will become purely
these fish is by net and all manner of of more importance than may at first be the property of the rich. Then ho considers
mechanical appliances. Their numbers are evident) the author says :
tiie solid advantages of big-game shooting
past comprehension, and their quarters from the standpoint of national character.
" As regards the nomenclature, we share the
extend far beyond American coasts some For sedentary men it tends to harden the
;
trouble encountered by all peoples of European
years ago a description was published of relaxed fibre, for the soldier it developes
descent who have gone into strange lands. The
a shoal on the shores of Sakhalin, where, incomers are almost invariably men who are not the qualities most required:
194 THE ATHEN^UM N3902, Aug. 9, 1902
"A curiou-s
feature of the changed conditions system under which he has guided the micro- near Woking, and spread freely. Perhaps it
of modern warfare is that they call, to a much scopical work of his Cambridge classes during is not wise, however, to say too much aljout
greater extent than during the two or three many past years. The scheme of study is one these things. To the taste of the average
centuries immediately past, for the very qualities suited to students after their first year of railway manager a good concrete wall, with
of individual initiative, ability to live and work physiological work, though a judicious selection plenty of soap-boilers' advertisements, appeals,
in the open, and personal skill in the manage- of its parts would adapt it easily to beginners. it is to be feared, with far more force than all
ment of horse and weapons, which are fostered Its chief value consists not so much in the the treasures of Flora. Canon Ellacombe is
by a hunter's life. No training in the barracks directions given for manipulation
these are a sanguine man if he thinks that any form of
or on the parade-ground is as good as the train- concise and complete enough, but such direc- beauty is likely to be " the inheritance of the
ing given by a hard hunting trip in which a tions can never rival or replace personal instruc- railway as long as the railway itself lasts," at
man really does the work for himself, learns to tion as in the selection which is made, on any rate in the home counties. Two chapters on
face emergencies, to study country, to perform behalf of the student, of typical or specially Alpine flowers deal pleasantly with a never-
feats of hardihood, to face exposure, and undergo useful methods of staining from among the failing source of delight and there is a wise
;
severe labor Big -game hunting tends to countless formulae proposed year after year caution to those who would try, without
produce or develop exactly these physical and in the technical journals. Dr. Langley's proper experience, to remove Alpine plants
moral traits." selection is perfectly adequate in its general to foreign soil. Even the Canon, when he
Inasmuch as these are the sentiments of a range, and has for the sanction of its details his says that the so-called "alpenrose"
a
personal trials and his long experience of the purely tourist's name, we believe "is the
ranchman, who has served with distinction
successes and failures of special methods in only rhododendron that will grow on soil
as a soldier, and now fills the highest office
class-work. The book can be recommended charged with lime," may mislead some who do
in his country, they may command our not distinguish between ferrugineum and
very strongly for general use in histological
respectful attention. classes. When the time comes for a new hirsutum, for it is the latter kind only that
The remainder of Mr. Eoosevelt's contri- edition we should welcome an expansion of the flourishes in the soil uncongenial to most of its
bution, which occupies half the volume, sections dealing with the staining of leucocytes tribe, as he will see if he visits the eastern
treats effectively of the various deer of in the interests of medical students, and, in flanks of the Ortler. Prof, von Dalla Torre,
Northern America, those of the Pacific and general, the introduction of references to by the way, is (if he be still alive) not a Swiss,
human tissues when these notably differ in but a Tyrolese botanist, and has written one
South Coast being described by Mr. T. S.
structure and reaction from those of lower of the handiest and most practical of Alpine
Van Dyke. In addition to misnaming the "floras." The only fault we can And with Canon
mammals. The addition also of a paragraph
animals or some of them, he has a style Ellacombe is defective revision of his proofs,
or two in explanation of the difierence between
which seems to leave something to be desired. good and bad staining, and of the essential aims whereby on one page are to be found such
Of the mule-deer he says: "Mesquite of double staining, would make the book even unauthorized forms as " Budleia," " abuliton,"
beans may in places help round out his sleek more admirable than it will be found to be "fuschia," "aguilegia," and "penstemon."
sides, while mescal and lechuga may relieve already. Otherwise the book is at once pleasant and
the monotony of his diet," &c.; and of one profitable.
he shot he remarks " Most any one would Mr. H. Hoare's Calendar of Floweriwj
:
BOTANY.
have taken it for a different deer," &c. Of Trees and Slirnhs (Humphreys) is a useful book
Canon Ellacombe is recognized both as an that attends strictly to business. It consists
the race in general the mule- deer is the expert in horticulture and as a writer who of a list of the months, with " the most desir-
most mischievous :
knows how to present the results of his experi- able and perfectly hardy trees and shrubs in
" Most all deer eat turnips, beans, and a few ences in that sphere in an agreeable and read- bloom" in each of them, followed by an alpha-
other things, and occasionally nip grain. But able form. His last book, In my Vicarage betical catalogue of all the shrubs in question,
the mule-deer will spoil from thirty to fifty Garden and ElsewJiere (Lane), is consequently with some description of each and advice as
of the largest bunches of grapes in a night, and in a different class from the swarm of common-
to its cultivation. In a few cases coloured
later in the season will finish ofiF the leaves and place chatterings which the success of a few portraits are added. A list of trees and
shoots, besides cleaning up the new wood on gardening books has let loose of late years. shrubs, classified according to the soils that
deciduous fruit trees. Apples, Japanese per- For one thing, he sticks to his subject, and suit them, and an index complete the volume,
simmons, pears, quinces, almost anything within does not torment his readers "among the which may be commended to all persons about
'
reach, he spoils with a single bite and passes on very flowers with his views on all irrelevant
'
to lay out a garden.
to another as he does with a bunch of grapes. topics, from the Boer war to the boiling of a
potato. He observes for himself, and his pages Cyclo2nedia of American Horticulture. By
Bean vines, melons, squashes, and many other L. H. Bailey, assisted by Wilhelm Miller, Ph.D.
things he harvests often more completely than are therefore suggestive we do not, for
;
instance, remember to have seen elsewhere 4 vols. (Macmillan & Co.) The completion of
the settler would if he had a chance."
any reference to the social affinities, if so they this great enterprise affords an opportunity for
Mr. Yan Dyke is a little hard on the artist may be called, which almost certainly exist calling attention to one of the most complete
who illustrates sporting literature :
among plants, leading certain kinds, without and original of similar productions. It is a
" The deer with individual hairs glistening on any reference to what is commonly known as remarkable illustration of the applications
its back, with dew claws and even the split in parasitism, to flourish best in the neighbour- of botanical and physiological science to the
the hoofs all in plain sight, exists only in the hood of certain other kinds. When one friend purposes of commercial horticulture and market
mind of the artist of pavement education. No insists on establishing itself in immediate gardening. It consists in the main of descrip-
such animal is seen in nature. Nor does the contiguity to the other it becomes embarrassing tions of all the species of plants grown for sale,
deer in the woods correspond much better to the to the gardener, especially when one of the either for economic or for decorative purposes,
picture you have formed in your mind from see- two is of a kind that does not readily tolerate in the United States and Canada, together with
ing a deer in a park or stuffed in a museum." lifting. One of Canon Ellacombe's best chap- indications as to methods of culture, geo-
ters deals with the so-called York and Lan- graphical distribution, and biographical and
Caribou or reindeer, and moose or elk, are bibliographical sketches. It is the work of
caster roses. Probably few people realize
interestingly described by Messrs. Daniel some four or five hundred experts, whose
that the name is given to two different
G. Elliot and Andrew J. Stone, whose roses. The older, which was fairly common labours have been co-ordinated, adjusted, and
articles are agreeable to read and instruc- fifty years ago, a damask rose, seems now to put into shape by Prof. Bailey and his associate
tive. have vanished. Its place in the catalogues editor Dr. Miller. Although there have been
The illustrations seem particularly good (for no variegated rose is now very frequent so many difl'erent minds employed on the work,
in gardens) has been taken by another kind, it is easy to see the guiding principle through-
and are very creditable to Carl Eungius ;
showier, but less elegant, and, Canon Ella- out and to recognize the skill and ability
the maps showing the range of the various
combe tells us, less apt to come true from with which it has been executed. So far
animals will be distinctly valuable for pur-
seed. Both kinds have long been known in as is possible in such a book, no second-
poses of comparison hereafter. Some of the England, but the older seems to have the better hand information has been used without
full-page plates are not fastened so securely claim to the honour of having been mentioned careful checking. In a publication of this
as might be wished this is a pity, for the
; by Shakspeare. Railway Gardens is another
' ' magnitude imperfections must creep in.
volume cannot fail to secure the success interesting paper. The effect of railway Some of these are necessitated by the limita-
which it well deserves, and therefore the cuttings and embankments on the distribu- tions imposed by the plan of the work, others
trouble with loose plates may be wide- tion of species is a topic on which much by imperfect bibliographical research, as, for
spread may be said. Canon Ellacombe mentions instance, under the head of ' Retinospora.'
.
several cases in which plants either wholly where scant, if any, reference is made to the work
foreign or previously rare in the locality of Carri^re and others which preceded 1879.
Practical Histology. By J. N. Langley, have found a congenial home by the rail- The "Wild Garden" existed in reality long
Sc.D., Deputy-Professor of Physiology in the way-side. Another instance is that of the before Mr. William Robinson made the name
University of Cambridge. (Macmillan Co.) & great willow-herb (rose-bay), which appeared and the thing popular. There are no summary
Dr. Langley has published in compact form the some years ago on the South- Western Eailway descriptions of the natural orders, and (though
N3902, Aug. 9, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 195
this is a hazardous assertion to make) apparently than in another. It is a most onerous under- secretary Mr. Iledger Wallace, known as an
;
no indication of the general scheme of botanical taking, but value will be proportionate to
its exponent of country lore together with Mr.
;
classification followed.Of course, reference is the labour and care bestowed upon it. At the H. M. Cundall and Mr. A. Taylor, who actually
made in the preface to the 'Index Kewensis,' same time, over- elaboration may cause the pro- arranged the exhibition.
the Cienera Plantarum,' and other publications
'
ject to break down under its own weight. The
for which Kew has earned the gratitude present instalment, an octavo of 378 pages,
of botanists. The illustrations are very mostly in double column, is marked Part I. a ;
ANTHKOrOLOQICAL NOTES.
numerous, some rather rough in execution, but
uniform in plan, mostly useful and really illus-
second part, concluding the volume, will, it is In U Anthropologic M. Marcellin Boule
stated, be issued in the course of a few months. describes the bone-cave of Montmaurin (Ilaute-
trative, though some occupy space that might
Garonne), with the remains of rhinoceros, horse,
have been filled to greater advantage, for instance, hy;ena, machairodus, and beaver that were
by iiicreasing the bibliographical references ;
THE NATURE STUDY EXHIBITIOX. found there, and their bearing on the succes-
thus, under the head of Selaginella we find
'
'
TuE Nature Study Exhibition has proved a sion of events in the quaternary epoch. Dr.
no reference to Mr. Baker's extended mono- grdat success, and it would be waste of time to Pittard makes a contribution to the study of the
graph on that genus. But it would be ungracious point out how it could have been improved into anthropology of Iloumania, and of the Tsiganes
to take a magnifying glass to detect the flaws in All those who have visited
a still greater one. termed Roumans, from observations on forty-
such a book as this rather would we cordially the Royal Botanic Gardens during the last two men and five women of the tribe.
;
Dr.
thank Prof. Bailey for the very substantial ser- fortnight have been struck by the wealth of Henry Girard completes his anthropometric
vice he has rendered to horticulture generally material there displayed, and the extent to which notes on some Western Soudanese, illustrated
and that of English-speaking communities natural history teaching, informal, systematic, by eight typical figures. M. fimile Cartailhac,
particularly. and scientific, is recognized in the varied educa- who at first doubted the antiquity of the painted
Tne first instalment of the I lUer national tional establishments which exist in this country. figures of bison, horse, and other animals
Catalogue of Scientific Literature (Harrison & If no other result were to follow the undertaking described in 1880 by Seuor M. S. de Sautuola
Sons), comprising a record of botanical publica- than the opening of teachers' eyes to what others as discovered at the grotto of Altamira in the
tions for the year 1901, has just been issued. It have accomplished, and to the fact that there are province of Santandor, Spain, declares his con-
has, we believe, been mainly prepared under possibly better ways of doing some of the things viction that there is no longer any reason to
Mr. B. Daydon .Jackson's supervision, and that which they themselves have attempted, the suspect it, the discoveries in the Dordogne
circumstance would alone afford a guarantee of exhibition would have served its purpose. being of the like kind.
accuracy. The Catalogue is an outgrowth of the The promoters of the departure can, however, The Report of the twelfth session of the
'Catalogue of Scientific Papers for the nine- '
claim to have done very much more than this. International Congress of Prehistoric Anthro-
teenth century issued by the Royal Society, and They have received the official recognition of pology and Archieology has been published. It
has taken shape as a result of sundry inter- the heads of the Boards of Education and of forma an octavo volume of 516 pages, with
national conferences held in London in 1896, Agriculture they have persuaded many of the
; numerous illustrations.
1898, 1899, and 1900. It was eventually deter- foremost exponents of natural history teaching In the Bidletim of the Society of Anthro-
iined to prepare a complete catalogue of scien- to discourse upon it at their conferences, and pology of Paris Dr. F. Delisle publishes a
tific literature for each successive year, arranged been able to secure as judges men whose remarkable paper on artificial deformations of
according both to subject-matter and to authors' names are recognized everywhere. The only the cranium in France, with a map showing the
names, and the co-operation of workers in criticism which can be passed upon the relative frequency of the practice in the various
various countries was secured to carry the awards is that they were narrowed down departments. It is effected by the compression
proposal into effect. For the better accom- too much. If the artistic side of nature study, of the head of the infant by bandages, which
plishment of the purpose a Central Inter- for instance, is accepted as coming within the cause also a deformation of the ears. The
national Bureau, acting under the direction scope of the exhibition, and good drawings, or custom is rapidly disappearing, thanks to altera-
of an International Convention, was estab- paintings, or designs from nature are sent in, tion in manners and the greater enlightenment
lished in London, the Eoyal Society under- surely their merits should be recognized. At of the people. M. Paul Robin has exhibited to
taking to act as publishers of the Catalogue, as the same time, the distribution of but few the Society two ingenious anthropometricinstru-
well as to provide the capital required to start the
enterprise, which capital is to be repaid within
medals, if it only be made in a consistent man-
ments which he has devised viz., an improved
ner, may well serve to carry out one purpose of spirometer, and an instrument for measuring
five years. The Convention is to meet again in
the Nature Study Association to wit, to deter- sharpness of hearing. He has also com-
1905, and every tenth year thereafter. During mine how nature study in a broad and general municated to the Society his last will, excluding
the intervals between the meetings of the Con way may be once for all defined. No one from the disposition of his remains every cere-
vention, the administration of the Catalogue is would care to see a particular part of natural mony and observance that is not rigorously
vested in an International Council. Seventeen history unduly emphasized, as it was by Prof. scientific. The communication arose out of
volumes are to be published annually, relating Miall at the Fourth Conference but the kind of
; the discussion on a paper by M. Ch. Lejeune on
to as many different branches of science. Each teaching, be it based upon plants or animals, or the cultus of the dead in the twentieth century.
volume, it is to be presumed, will be compiled the surface and structure of the earth itself, Dr. Marcel Baudouin relates his discovery at La
upon the same model as that now before us. must be determined
its limits and its aims Br^landi^re, a commune of L'Aiguillon-sur-Vie,
A threefold division is adopted, comprising : must be authoritatively decided. in the Vendue, in July, 1901, of a large stone,
<1) schedules and indexes in English, French, Nature study is difficult to define. It is not a supposed to be a polisher, marked by numerous
(Jerman, and Italian respectively it would have subject, though it may permeate many subjects ridges, apparently indicating frequent use, but
been a step towards uniformity of language
liad the schedules been also printed in Latin
the reading lesson, the essay, the exercise in suggests for various reasons that it may, after
;
drawing, and painting, and design. It is not all, be an inscribed stone, and the ridges rude
<2) an authors' catalogue and (3) a subject
; science, though accurate observation, inquiry, imitations of letters. Messrs. Vaschide and
catalogue. The schedule is a table of contents and investigation are its key-notes. Pre- Pi^ron contribute a paper on the pro-
systematically arranged and numbered in eminently, therefore, it is not to be the passive phetic dream in the belief and philosophy
a
manner to admit of future interpolations and reception by the pupil of facts "learnt by the of the Arabs, being a further instalment
additions. The system of numeration is at first teacher" and "said to the class," and, if pos- of their study of the prophetic dream in
sight rather complicated, but a little practice sible, it is to be carried out in its purest sense all its bearings. The eloquent and feeling
will show its general utility thus, a
cerUin under the open sky. When properly interpreted, addresses of M. Verneau and others on the
Parliamentary report, relating to the collections nature study may be expected to cultivate the sad occasion of the funeral of M. Ch. Letour-
at Kew and at the British Museum respectively emotional and the artistic sense, the mere love of neau, the general secretary of the Society, who
is indexed under the head of London,' a suffi- '
life, and the joy of intimacy with living nature. died on February 2l8t of influenza ;ind broncho-
ciently wide reference, but the figures in pneumonia, are printed at length, and enume-
the These points of view must not, however, bo
schedule within brackets [0<J20 0060] will en- allowed to develope into mere empty sen- rate his many valuable contributions to
able the reader to find what he wants readily. tlmentalism, as is often the case in the United anthropology.
In this case an alphabetical reference to Kew ' '
For the proper development of this branch of lection by Prof. Flinders Petrie of prehistoric
definite than one to L<mdt,n.' Egyptian pottery, with figures of animals and
mental training, teachers who are enthusiasts
'
It should, how-
ever, be stated that there is a separate of weapons or implements. Mc.s.srs. Annandalo
heading are virtually a necessity. It is also needful to
m the mdex under the word Museum,' with '
educate those responsible for the funds and and Robinson contribute anthropological notes
the "registration number" OOGO, so that, by management of schools, while without properly (made according to the instructions given in
the exercise of care and patience, the student A nthropological Notes and Queries) on Sai Kau,
qualified inspectors it is almost impossible to
will be enabled to find the reference
he seeks, achieve success in elementary and secondary a Siamo-Malayan village in the state of Nawn-
if not in one division, at least in The discussion on totemism
another. By schools alike. chik (Tojau).
this statement we do not wish to imply o|)ened by Major Powell is continued by Mr.
that As is usual in such undertakings, the brunt
any particular reference is not included in more of the work has fallen upon a few willing Hartland and Mr. Thomas.
than one division, but merely that it is, in par- individuals. Of these we may mention the
The same subject totemism was the theme
ticular cise.", more ea.si]y fcund in one of a Hi)ecial meeting recently held by the Folk-
division chairman, Sir .John Cuckburn Mr. Medd, the
;
per second. It must have disappeared or fallen the conditions existing at that
social
of
"(1) The general form of the universe of stars to
near Uckfield, in Sussex. Its radiant point in period. of these papers is a bond given in
One
which our sun belongs is that of a flattened cylinder,
or extreme oblate spheroid, as was supposed by the sky was near the star ( Cygni, from which exchange for a loan of money, and another is a
Herschel and Struve. (2) The phenomenon of the other meteors have in previous years been some- document of a similar kind relating to grain.
Milky Way is not due alone to the fact that we see times seen to proceed about the middle of July; In both cases the lender is a Buddhist priest,
more stars in the equatorial regions of this spheroid, but our late visitor seems to have had a shorter and the terms on which the reverend ecclesiastic
but to the fact that this region is occupied through course and a swifter motion than most of its doles out his cash and grain are of the most
its entire extent by a series of agglomerations of
stars, within which space is richer in stars than in
predecessors. stringent and tight-fisted kind. At the Niya
the interior where we are situated. (3) Our sun is The death is announced of Dr. A. Walther, River Mr. Stein was fortunate enough to find
situated near the central plane of the spheroid, but lecturer at the Military Academy of Medicine some wooden tablets bearing Kharoshthi
eccentrically so as to be nearer the boundary in a writing. These carry us back to the time of
at Petersburg, and author of several works in
direction of perhaps 18 hours in right ascension,
between the equator and 50 of south declination." German on physiology. the Kushana or Indo-Scythian kings that is to
say, the period covered by the first two cen-
Finally, he thinks it probable that we are so We note the appearance of the Annual
turies of our era
and form a valuable addition
much nearer the galactic stars in this particular Report of the Medical Officer of the Local
to the existing specimens of this archaic
region that we may soon be able to recognize Government Board (price 6s.).
writing. In the present report Mr. Stein
proper motions among them.
merely sketches the outline of his travels and
Prof. T. J. J. See has communicated to explorations, and we shall watch with interest
No. 3806 of the Astronomische Nachrichten
FINE ARTS
for the fuller and more complete record which
the results of a series of observations of the he promises.
satellites of Saturn (excepting Mimas, the ARCHEOLOGY. Ancient Peruvian Art : Contrihitions to the
small one nearest the planet) and Uranus, Preliminary Report on a Jourmy of Archaeo- Archaology of the Empire of the Incas. From
obtained with the 26-inch refractor of the Translated
logical and Topographical Explorations in CJiinese his Collections by Arthur Baessler.
Naval Observatory, Washington. Hyperion, Turkestan. By M. A. Stein. (Eyre & Spottis- by A. H. Keane. Part I. (Asher & Co.) This
the faint, last-discovered satellite of Saturn (for
the so-called ninth is still hypothetical), was
woode.) Some few years ago the world of is the first portion of a work which gives promise
Orientalists was startled by the arrival from of being a valuable addition to our means of
seen without difficulty, except when the moon When com-
Chinese Turkestan of MSS. and books in a knowledge of Peruvian antiquities.
was bright, and its positions were compared script which was quite unknown. The writing on which
pleted it is to consist of 165 plates,
with those of Titan. Prof. Newcomb's tables, was small and to some slight degree resembled be figured about 500 specimens selected
will
it was found, still represent well the motions
Javanese. The material on which they were from the 11,513 objects which were brought
of the satellites of Uranus, and no great written and printed was paper, and the district together in Peru by the author, who has made
change would be effected by a revision of the in which they were said to have been found was them over to the Royal Museum of Ethnology
calculated elements.
in the desert north of a caravan route between in Berlin. Mr. Baessler obtained some of these
The death is announced at the age of Giima and Khotan. The circumstances of their objects by his own excavation, and others by
seventy - three of Prof. Adalbert Safarik, discovery were most minutely related. The purchase, notably the collection of Mr. W.
which took place at Prague, after a long illness, finder
Islam Akhum stated
that in Gretzer, made during a residence of twenty-five
on the 2nd ult. Born at Neusatz, on the traversing the desert he discovered traces of a years. The majority of the illustrations selected
Danube, in Southern Hungary, on October dwelling, which, on being unearthed, proved to are to be drawings and paintings, representa-
26th, 1829, he manifested through life a taste be a house in tolerable repair. On entering the tions in relief and on the round on North Peru-
and devotion for science, but especially for portal he faced the figure of a man seated at a vian earthenware, and the method of picturing
astronomy. He made a large number of table, who crumbled to pieces when touched them adopted is to transfer the bulging forms
;
observations, principally of variable stars, and and in a corner of this mysterious room he of the urns to the flat surface in the exact size
built a private observatory at Prague when in found a box containing the manuscripts and of the originals, without any retouching or
outer side of which is worked in feather mosaic tina, routed out of their temple by St. Lawrence, decorated with colonnades, gardens, fountains,
a figure in red, resembling a cat a male figure to whom the building is at present dedicated
; !
statuary, S;c., so that the neighbourhood of the
in solid gold a female figure of chased gold
;
The dolium contains, besides the cinerary urn, Laghetto della Regina has always been considered
plate, wrapped in a garment held together with eight other small earthen vessels resembling in one of the most promising localities for excava-
gold pins a fictile vessel representing a head
; shape the milula, the simptdum, the cyathns,M\d tors. Pirro Ligorio was one of the first ex-
wearing a headdress similar to that just de- the capeduHculum of later times. The cine- plorers, the products of his search being handed
scribed and a kneeling figure on a pedestal, for- rarium, double-handled, and rather graceful in over to Cardinal Ippolito d'Este. The columns
;
merly adorned with mother-of-pearl and shells, outline, had a cover in the shape of the roof of of verde antico which ornament the Loggia of
but of these many have disappeared, having a prehistoric oval hut, built of boughs and lined the Farnese Palace, and those of the same
broken away from the light wood out of which with sheepskins. marble which Pope Julius III. set up in the
the statuette has been carved, and to which The cover, however, was found not in situ, hemicycle of his Villa Giulia, were discovered
they were affixed by a black resinous substance. but at the bottom of the dolium, broken in in the same locality in tlie first half of the six-
In entrusting the translation to Mr. A. H. four. I cannot suggest a satisfactory explana- teenth century. Tlie ground having been broken
Keane the publishers have been well advised. tion of this state of things, neither can I up again for farming purposes, several works
account for the presence of other anomalous of art have come to light, among which are .some
objects in the cinerarium, such as the .shells of Iicnna- of the class which the ancients were wont
NOTES FROM ROME. two fresh- water tortoises and four or five grains to set up at the crossings of the paths and
Lucky, indeed, may be called the prehistoric of Triticum vulgare and Ficia faha. The body avenues of their gardens. One, almost perfect,
potter who, thirty centuries ago, moulded the of the deceased tribesman must have been but without name, represents a handsome young
cinerary vase lately discovered in the Forum. incinei'ated with great care, the bones being woman, who.se hair is dressed in a now and
This humble and unskilful production of his reduced to a mass of splinters, which are graceful fashion (Sappho?); another, headless, is
kiln has received more attention than has ever difficult to identify. Sixty-five particles belong inscribed with the name of Thespis (OKl'ITll"
been accorded to the masterpieces of the to the skull twenty-four teeth have also been 0K.ML>\()1' AOHXAlUl).
;
There is als(. a
Corinthian or Samian keramics. Its official singled out. The investigations made by Profs. marble bracket, with a metrical inscription
description in the March number of the Portis and Roncali allow one to reach the fol- describing how some one (name lost) who had
Xolkie defjli Scavi extends over fifteen pages lowing conclusions. The individual, pr()bal)ly recovered his health at these sulphur springs
of text, illustrated with as many plates. As of the male sex, was of medium size, not "numinisauxilio' viz., with the merciful help
;
a gilt bronze.
viz., Bewick, from whoso pupils, indeed, they legacy is placed at about 10,000,000 francs 1
The negotiations between the Government learnt the craft with which their names will The collection, which seems to include every
and the Cassa di Risparmio of Rome, the prin- for all time be associated. Tho list of artists conceivable form of artistic treasure, was
cipal creditor of the Borgheso estate, for the to whom they gave commissions, or whose largely the formation of his brother Eugene
purchase of the villa at the price fixed by an work tboy engraved, includes such names as Dutuit, who died in 1880, and who visited
Act of Parliament (3,000,000 lire) having failed thoseof Fred. Walker, G. J. Pinwell, A. Boyd and purchased at nearly every important
at the eleventh hour, the villa itself was offered Houghton, J. Watson, John Pettie,
D. art sale in Paris for a long period of
at auction on July 18th for the sum of 5,247, (i70 Heikomer, J. W.
North, Fred. Barnard, years. The collection is fairly well known
lire. No offer was received, as the villa, or at Leighton, G. F. Watts, Birket Foster, Sir to connoisseurs, as the brothers were very
least tlie greater part of it, is bound to remain John Gill)ert, Rossetti, Du Maujier, Sir generous in lending selections from their
as it is for the benefit of the population of John Tcnniel, and Harrison Weir. For many treasures to public exhibitions. In 18G9 they
Rome, and cannot be broken up and sold in years they were the chief engravers of Fundi, sent an important series of antiquities, porce-
building lots. A second auction will take place the ('ornliiU ^hujazine, Good ll'ords, and lain, enamels, books, and prints to an
on August 22nd, the price having already been the Sunday Magusine, and tho popularity of exhibition organized at the Palais de I'ln-
lowered to 3,673,373 lire. This sum comes so some of the above-mentioned names is unques- dustvie by the Union Centrale des Beaux-Arts,
near the amount voted by Parliament that we tionably due in a large measure to the and a permanent record of that exhibition
feel confident that the villa will not fall as is manner in which their drawings were exists in the form of a catalogue of the articles
predicted into the clutches of a Jewish syndi- " translated " by the Dalziels, though some from the Dutuit collection. Nine years later
cate. artists complainedof their results. It would be another selection of antiquities, with medals,
Two other historical places have lately come noexaggeration to describe them asthesavionrs coins, &c., was exhibited at the Trocadero,
under the hammer of the auctioneer the Pier- :
of English book-illustration, for they found it when M. Auguste Dutuit superintended the
leoni-Savelli-Orsini Palace, built over the degraded, and raised it by their energy and compilation of a catalogue with numerous
remains of the theatre of Marcellus, and the taste to a very high standard. illustrations. The 1881 exhibition of engravings
lake and castle of Nemi, with the twin ships and George Dalziel was the fourth son of Alex- at the Cercle de la Librairie and the exhibition
the temple of Diana. The Nemi estate, which ander Dalziel, an artist, of Wooler, Northum- in the following year of books, prints, and anti-
carries with it the ducal title, has been purchased berland, and was born on December 1st, 1815. quities werelargely successful by reason of the
by Don Enrico Ruspoli, of one of the younger He came up to London in 1835, and was at generous loans of Eugene Dutuit. The latter is
branches of that family, who has lately married lirst a pupil Charles Gray, being after-
of known not only as a collector, but as an author.
an American lady. I do not know yet what his wards associated with Ebenezer Landells. His 'Manuel de I'Amateur d'Estampes was '
become of the theatre of Marcellus. Another When he had started on his own account he commenced in 1881, but came to a premature
historical Roman villa, the Sciarra-Ottoboni, was joined by his brother Edward, and later end with the sixth volume in 1885, and is, so
occupying part of the gardens of Julius Cresar by his two other brothers, John and Thomas, far as it goes, a standard book on the subject
on the Janiculum, has become the property of all of whom were draughtsmen as well as en- but perhaps his greatest work is the Qi^uvre '
Mr. George Wurts, of Philadelphia. gravers. For over half a century the Dalziel Complet' of Rembrandt, 1881-5, in forty parts,
The last marbles which once made famous Brothers were in the first rank of London and supplement in thirty-five portfolios,
the Caffarelli-Vidoni Palace, near the church of engravers, but the popular introduction of described and illustrated from his own collec-
S. Andrea della Valle, have been sold by the the various processes of rei^roducing illustra- tion. Three years ago a limited number of
present owner Prince Giustiniani-Bandini the tions by photographic means almost banished
wood engraving, and in 1893 George Dalziel
a catalogue appeared, 'La Collection Dutuit,'
in a folio volume, in which are described and
statues to a dealer, the inscriptions to the
Government. Among these last I may mention and his brother retired from the concern which illustrated some of the more remarkable
the Fasti of Verrius Flaccus, the best document )>y their skill and enterprise they had success- literary treasures, such as bindings and MSS.,
of their class in existence. The Fasti have fully created and maintained. in this collection. The bronzes, ivories, glass,
already been removed to the Museo Nazionale It would be impossible to give here a sculpture, majolica, and porcelain are described
at the Baths of Diocletian.
complete list of the numerous illustrated by M. Frcehner in a catalogue which extends
At the beginning of May last the chapter of works which the Dalziel Brothers produced. to three volumes. The entire collection is to
the cathedral of Pescia (Tuscany) sold at a The 'Arabian Nights,' 1863, the 'Pil- be exposed at the Petit Palais, and if Paris
nominal price to an astute dealer a magnificent grim's Progress' of the same year, and the does not cai'e to accept the gift it is to go to
set of old Genoese velvet and trimmings, with-
'
Bible Gallery,' 1880-81 (the last had been in Rome. There can be very little question as
out the consent of the proper authorities. News preparation for about twenty years), are to the final resting-place of this collection,
of this shameful transaction having reached the
perhaps their greatest achievements. They which is at the present time stowed away in
Public Prosecutor, the eight canons of Pescia engraved the historic picture entitled two or three houses.
and the dealer were denounced before the local
'
Foreign Affairs which was the first draw-
'
magistrate, and condemned to a fine of 16,500 ing contributed to Pitncli by John Leech ;
has been entrusted by the Minister of Public of Landscapes,' 7 plates, 1759 (2) Treatise on
;
'
Instruction to a gentleman named Patrignani or THE DUTUIT COLLECTION. Perspective, and Rules for Shading by Inven-
Petrignani. We have not had the advantage of The which are appearing in the
stories tion (sic), 1765
'
(3)
;
The Shape, Skeleton, and
'
knowing this name before. Foliage of Thirt y two Species of Trees, for the L' se-
French newspapers about the late Auguste
RODOLFO LaNCIANI. Dutuit remind one very much of Balzac's hero of Painting and Drawing,'1771; (4) 'Delineations-
Cousin Pons, biit with this important distinc- of the General Character, Ramification, and
tion, that Cousin Pons's relations got his Foliage of Forest Trees,' 19 plates, 1786, a
GEORGE DALZIEL. reissue of No. 3 ; (5) ' New Method of assist-
art collections, whereas M. Dutuit has left
The death of Mr. George Dalziel on Monday his to the Paris Municipality. It is surely a ing the Invention in drawing Original Composi-
last, at 107, Fellows Road, Hampstead, removes phase of insanity for a man to deny himself tions of Landscape,' 1785 (6) ' The Various-
;
the founder of a firm of engravers vi'hose work the common comforts of life in order to acquire Species of Composition in Nature,' 16 subjects
will always rank high in the history of the objects of art; but history affords many ex- in 4 plates, with some observations and instruc
mechanical side of English art. The crazy- amples of this type, and the latest of them is tions.
looking signature of "Dalziel" to a book- M. Dutuit. This octogenarian lived for many The death of Hendrik Willem Mesdag a few
illustration is a guarantee of excellence, and years in Rome, leading a severely solitary and days ago removes one of the most distinguished
the books in which it appears are worthy of secluded life, and wearing antique garments Dutch artists of to-day, and perhaps the best oJ
N" 3902, Aug. 9, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 199
the marine painters. He was born at Groniugen Saxon work in particular. In the same
figure monwealth, both detrimental to the cause of art
on February 23rd, 1831, and settled some number an article by Mr. H. P. Home on
is generally. Again, had Purcoll lived longer, and
years ago at The Hague. Mesdag's work has the date at which Leonardo da Vinci began the had Handel not visited these shores, tlie course
not yet become popular with collectors in this altarpiece for the Annunziata, of which the of our operatic history would probably have
country, and so far as we remember he is un- cartoon exists at Burlington House. The rosult been very diflerent. As to the various attempts
represented in any public gallery in England. of a document here published for the first time to establish national opera from the time of
There are, however, a few specimens in the is to confirm Vasari's account of the matter. Arne down to Carl Rosa, they all, and through
hands of private collectors of judgment and Vasari's share in the destruction of Leonardo's various causes, failed. Mr. Galloway advocates
taste. He did not devote himself to an art '
Battle of the Anghiari is also discussed in
' State intervention, and, to show how continental
career till about 18CG. He gained a medal at detail. nations faro "under the regis of State-aided
the Salon in 1870, and received additional The dissolution of the Socidti? Fran^aise de Art, " describes briefly how the "operatic ma-
medals for his exhibits at the Expositions Uni- Gravure, which started in 1878, has resulted in chinery " works in Italy, Germany, and France.
verselles of 1878, 1889, and 1900. One of his a very important acquisition to the Louvre. In the first country the theatre is under muni-
pictures is in the Luxembourg. The society's stock of 102 copper-plates, with cipal control, and the subsidy varies according
11,000 proofs, will be transferred to the Louvre to the importance of the theatre in Germany
Not satisfied with patronizing those artists ;
so soon as the legal formalities of the liquida- liberal State subsidies are granted, and thus
who paint original pictures, the fine-art authori-
ties of the French Government are just now tion have been gone through. The more import- moderate prices are possible and managers are
giving the copyists a chance. Within the last ant of these plates include L'Apparition of * ' able to study the interests of high art, and thus
few days a committee, composed of MM. G. Gustave Moreau, engraved by Sulpis Le ;
* to form public taste ;in France the four chief
Lafenestre, L. Benedite, and Kaempfen, have Sacre de Napoleon I.' of David, engraved also theatres of the capital are subsidized, while in
examined at the Luxembourg six copies of the by Sulpis La Maitresse du Titien of
;
'
'
the provinces the municipal system prevails.
more important pictures in that gallery, and Titian, and La Belle Ferronnifere
' of '
Mr. Galloway favours the Italian idea, "as the
of these they have selected two, the purchase of Leonardo da Vinci, engraved by Dauquin ;
municipal element has become, of late, an all-
which will be recommended tu the Minister of '
Le Mariage Mystique of Memling, engraved
' important factor in the economy of our civic
Fine Arts. The titles of the two pictures have by Francois Les Pelerine d'Emmaiis of
;
' ' life," and in this we believe he is right. On a
not been disclosed. It will probably be news Rembrandt, engraved by Gaillard, and others. plan which he submits it is suggested that the
The value of this acquisition is placed at interests of a London National Opera-House
to many that a committee meet twice annually
in Paris for the purpose of selecting the most 1,000,000 francs. should be "looked after by a Board under the
successful copies of pictures in the various Paris A SITE for archteological excavations in Asia supervision of the Education Department,"
picture galleries. ]Minor, according to a report from Constantinople because, says our author, that would "sanc-
in the Allgemeine Zeitung, has been presented tion the theory of the educational mission of the
The genre painter Ludwig Stiirtz, whose venture." This we consider of prime import-
death took place recently in his sixtieth year, by the Sultan to the German Emperor. It is
situated near the Kalatel Schirgal, lying within ance. It is that blessed word " education " that
was a pupil of Lindenschmit, to whose methods
the Imperial Ottoman domains of Masul, and has to be constantly set before our statesmen,
he remained faithful, though each of his works
promises to yield a rich booty of monumental legislators, and the public. The idea of
shows his own idealizing style. He never
support for a place devoted to amuse-
painted for mere effect, and was a somewhat remains of Assyrian culture.
ment, at times not of a very exalted kind,
slow worker. Among his best things are The '
that Lord Cheylesraore intended it for the by thoughtful musicians for permanent opera. great and serious works, which in their own
British Museum, and he often said as much. It Mr. Galloway's aim is the establishment of a way are powerful factors in the cause of civiliza-
is believed that he made provisions in his will system of National Opera (i.e., opera in tion .
wish that the authors would treat this part of patronizing the new form of art, England bazon Sauer owes, indeed, much, and he has not
their subject in much greater detail there is ;
alone remained indifi'orent. But we were en- l)een unmindful of the advice, encouragement,
.need for a special and exhaustive study of gaged in a civil war, and after it came the Com- and help wiiich he received from him. Among
200 THE ATHEN^UM N 3902, Aug. 9, 1902
heard him at Hamburg, and as Paganini Wood will, as usual, be the conductor, and Mr. sion of 'Lady Godiva.' We cannot undertake to
electrified Schumann, so the Russian pianist Arthur W. Payne leader of the orchestra. combat all that is disingenuous in Mr. Lord's
pages, not even the implication that the nudity
seems to have stirred Sauer to the very depths. We noted, some weeks ago, that Decem- of Monna Vanna
is visible to the audience.
Rubinstein heard him play, and recommended ber 11th, 1803, will be the centenary of the
It
Sauer's mother to send her son to the Moscow is, indeed, strange to find Faust spoken of as
'
'
birth of the great French composer Hector
Conservatoire, of which his brother Nicolas Berlioz, and expressed the hope that the event
"a play that has held the operatic stage for
"
Rubinstein was the director. Sauer's father forty years " It has held " the operatic stage
!
would think, have been represented by, at any Wedding,' a play that has had some success in
express the wonderful impression which Rubin-
rate, one piece. America. It seems by the description presented
stein's playing made on him. His words, there-
fore, carry weight; theyarenot mere parrot-cries. Le Menestrel of August 3rd also states that a to be a hybrid of melodrama, song, and dance.
Pianists come and pianists go, but the equal of tablet has been placed in front of the White
Swan at Marienbad, where Chopin stayed in During his country tour Mr. Terry aims at
Rubinstein, we believe, has yet to be found. producing a serious comedy adapted by Mr.
Sauer, as already mentioned, studied at Moscow 1836. The inscription is both in Polish and
French. It was then that the composer is said L. N. Parker from the French, and You Never '
under the brother Nicolas, who must have been a Know,' a farce by Mr. Gilbert Dayle.
wonderful teacher the praise of his master is to have proposed to Maria Wodzin'ska, whose
;
indeed loud and strong. He also greatly admired brothers he had known from boyhood they
; September 27th is the date fixed by Mr.
him as a pianist, but frankly acknowledges were, in fact, boarders in his father's establish- Tree for the production at Her Majesty's of
that when Anton was "en grande forme " he ment. Chopin proposed, but the parents 'The Eternal City,' in which Miss Constance
reached "dizzy heights whither no one could objected to the union, and in the following year Collier will be Roma. Incidental music will be
follow him, not even his keenest rival, the they disposed of Maria's hand to Count Frede- supplied by Signor Mascagni.
powerful Nicolas." This book, as we have rick Skarbek. The marriage, an unhappy one,
was soon dissolved. In one of the letters pub- In consequence of the alterations which have
already said, is interesting, and we recommend to be made at the Comedy the production of
it to all pianists even to the general reader, lished in 1899 in the Biblioteka Warszaivsla,
;
Although this is her "first concert," this lady doing away by one committee of what- comedy which has been completed by John
has already made successful appearances ever has been ordered by its predecessor. Oliver Hobbes.
at the Albert Hall. On Tuesday she was Lender the direction of the County Council
assisted by artists from Australia and New The reconstructed Elephant and Castle
an architect with no special knowledge of Theatre opened on Monday with a sporting
Zealand Miss Florence Schmidt, already an theatrical construction finds, as it appears,
established favourite here; Miss Amy Simp- piece called 'Bound to Win.'
a satisfaction in reversing the decisions of a
son, from Sydney, who possesses a soprano man no better qualified than himself. Mean- SiGNORA Dusk's American tour will begin at
voice of pleasing quality Miss Mabel Manson,
; time the most elementary precautions are Boston on October 20th with La Gioconda.' '
Messrs. A. L. Edwards and H. Stockwell, and neglected. It will not readily be believed that The St. George's Hall, which has many
the Victorian violinist Mr. Ernest Toy also in the very latest theatres, those even in course theatrical associations and has of late been a
;
the Griffiths Trio. A characteristic feature of of erection, the rakes on to which the scenery is
the evening was the appearance of the Maori home for German plays, has been put up at
lifted from the stage are of wood, which the
auction, and bought in for the sum of 14,500L
contingent, who gave the royal greeting heat of the footlights dries into something like
to Mr. Seddon, who was present, and tinder, instead of being, as they should be, of
also a welcome to other distinguished metal. It is there precisely that the danger of
guests. In these greetings rhythm played a fire is greatest, and the ignorance with regard To Correspondents. E. B. L. A. G. M. G. received^
prominent and to this important element
part, to these things is exactly of the kind that J. W. W. You misunderstand.
of folk-music were added the usual emphatic
brings into contempt military and naval M. E. C Inquiring.
movements of head, hands, and feet. management. No notice can be taken of anonymous communications..
N3902, Aug. 9, 1902 THE ATHEN^UM 201
AUTHOR OF 'THE SOWERS,' 'IN KBDAR'S TENTS,' 'THE ISLE OF UNREST,' THE VELVET GLOVE,' Ac.
" INCOMPARABLY THE BEST OF ITS KIND THAT HAS YET APPEARED." Cheap Editions of Standard
Cheap Editions of Standard Truth.
Works. With 25 Full-Page Illustrations and 5 Plans, large crown 8vo, 6s.
Works.
Hanily Volumes, printed in clear, bold type
on good paper.
THE ROLL-CALL OF Handy Volumes, printed in clear, bold type,
on good paper.
Each Work complete in One Volume.
WESTMINSTER ABBEY. Bach Work complete in One Volume.
every feature in that glorious old pile who has wandered through its aisles at every hour
;
JANE KYRK. By Cdaui.ottk Buo.me.
By the Author of 'MOLLY BAWN.' of the day and night who has watcbed the wondrous effects produced by the subtlest
;
SHIRLEY. By Charlotte Bronte.
MOLLY BAWN I'HYLLIS changes of light and temperature one, in short, who for upwards of twenty years has
MRS GEOFFREY PORTIA. drunk deeply of the spirit which haunts Westminster Abbey from end to end. We must WUTHKRING IIEIOHTS. By Emii.y
AIRY FAIRY LILIAN. ROSSMOYNE. therefore offer a hearty welcome to this really excellent work, and we are convinced that DnoNTE. AGNESORF.Y, liv Anxe Hbonte With
the great mass of historical material which it contains will become more and more valuable Preface and Memoir of the Sisters by Cihrloits
rX)RIS. BEAUTY S DAVGHTEKS. liuONTE.
as time goes on."
GREEN PLEASIRE and GREY' GRIEF.
FAITH and VNFAITH. LADY DRANKSMERB. The PROFESSOR. By Charlotte Bronte.
\
The NETHER WORLD NEW GRUB STREET. the world, and by the idiomatic ease and vigour of its style, Thackeray's Round-about '
By Mrs. GA8KELL.
Papers.'"
By WIVES and DAUGHTERS.
the Author of '
MEHALAH.'
MEHALAH : a Stor.T of the salt Marshes.
A SELECTION FROM NORTH and SOUTH.
COURT ROYAL. The OAVEROCKS. SYLVIAS LOVERS.
tOKS HERRING RICHARD CARLE. SMITH, ELDER & CO.'S 6s. NOVELS.| CRANFORD, and other Tales.
By W. E. NORRIS. By STANLEY J. WEYMAN. By MRS. HUMPHRY WARD. MARY BARTON, and other Tales.
HEAPS of MONEY. M.VTRIMONY. :
KG NEW THING. ADRIAN VIDAL. HELBECK of BANNISDALE. Sixth LIZZIE LEIGH, and other Tales.
I
The CASTLE INN. With a Frontis-
Edition.
LIFE of CHARLOTTE BRONTE.
'
Fifth Eoitidn.
By HAMILTON AIDE. piece.
PENRUDDOCKL.
SIR GEORGE TRESSADY. Fourth
MORALS and MYSTERIES. By HENRY SETON MERRIMAN. Edition.
By LEIGH HUNT.
JIR and MRS. FAULCONBRIDGE. The VELVET GLOVE. Third Impres- By MRS. HODGSON BURNETT.
sion. IMAGINATION and FANCY or, ; Selections-
By the Author of '
JOHN HALIFAX, The ISLE of UNREST. With Illustra- The MAKINGof a MARCHIONESS.
Second Impression.
from the English Poets
GENTLEMAN.' tions. Fifth Edition. The TOWN: its Memorable Characters and
ROMANTIC TALES DOMESTIC STORIES. RODEN'S CORNER. Third Impres- By F. ANSTEY. Events Illustrated.
sion.
By HOLME LEE. IN KEDAR'S TENTS. Eighth Edition. Thesion. BRASS BOTTLE. Third Impres- AUTOBIOGRAPHY of LEIGH HUNT.
AGAINST WIND and TIDE. WIT and HUMOUR. Selected from tho-
The GREY LADY. New Edition. With By S. R. CROCKETT. English Poets.
SYLVAN HOLTS DAUGHTER. 12 Full-Page Illustrations.
KATHIE BRANDE. The SILVER SKULL. With 12 Full- MEN, WOMEN, and BOOKS a Selection of
ANNIS WARLEIGHS FORTTXF.S.
The SOWERS. Twenty-second Edition. i'age Illustrations. Second Edition. Sketches, Essays, and Critical Memoirs.
:
Every Saturday, of any Bookseller or Newsagent in England, price id. ; or free by post to the Continent, i\il,
SECOND SELECTION.
E3NGLISH, IRISH, and SCOTTISH HISTORY. POPULAR and PROVERBIAL SAYINGS.
Wreck of the Grosvenor Gunpowder Plot Sons of
Harold " Leaps and bounds " " First catch your hare " Gondola of
Heart Burial Henrietta
Maria's Maids of Honour Henry VIL's London Grass
-Widow Halifax Law "Hand of glory"
Title to the Crown Henry VIII. and Bells of St. Paul's " Hear, hear " " Let us walk down Fleet Street " " Lungs of !
Legitimist Jacobite League John of Gaunt's Pedigree
London."
Abp. Juxon and Charles I. Battle of Killiecrankie
Lord Salis-
PHILOLOGY.
bury on Small Maps Pre-Reformation Markets on Sunday
English Royal Marriages Mary, Queen of Scots Member of Gnoffe
Gemmace " Geology " First Used Ghost Names Gingham
Golf Good-bye Grammersow La Grippe Haggis
Parliament, the Title.
Hagoday Ha - ha Handicap Harrow Henchman Hoodlum
BIOGRAPHY. Humbug Split Infinitive Rime to " Iron " Italian Idiom
Gainsborough's Father and Mother Goethe and Smollett
Jessamy Jigger Jingo Jubilee Larrikin Lay and Lie
Death of Claverhouse Lady Mary and Lady Katherine Grey Leary Leyrestowe Lilac Luce Madam or Mistress
Gundrada de Wareune Nell Gwynn Lady Hamilton John
" Maisie hierlekin " Marish, Biblical Word Maunder Pro-
Hampden Lord Mayor Harley Lowell on Hawthorne An
nunciation of Mexican Names
Michery ^Thieving.
Early Vaccinator Joan
^ of Arc Dr. Johnson on Oats Charles GENEALOGY and HERALDRY.
Lamb Hannah
as a Ritualist Marriage Macaulay Lightfoot's
Gartur Arms Genealogical Searches Hatchments in Churches
and Robert Montgomery Flora Macdonald Lockhart on Maginn
Malone and Shakespeare's Bust Cardinal Manning's Birth
Angels as Supporters Anomalies in Heraldry Arms bequeathed
Marlowe's Death Cabot's Ship the MatthewMohammed's
by Will Label in Heraldry Shamrock in National Arms
Burial of Sir John Moore.
Supporters of English Sovereigns Heralds' Visitations Herons'
Coffin
Plumes The Label Manx Arms Military Banners.
BIBLIOGRAPHY and LITERARY HISTORY. FINE ARTS.
' Gammer Gurton's Garland * Garden of the Soul Gaule's' '
Stained Glass England
' Mag-astro-mancer
'Gentleman's Magazine' Motto
'
Gibbon's
Grinling Gibbons's
Carvings
Portraits of Warren Hastings B. R. Hay don Hoare of Bath
in
Neglected Books
Goldsmith's " Padoreen " Mare '
Grand Hogarth Holbein's 'Ambassadors' Holman Hunt's 'Scape-
Magazine of Magazines' Gray's 'Elegy'
Poem by A. H. goat' Angelica Kauffmann Portraits of Keats Needlework
Hallam Author of Imitatio Christi Original of Bracebridge
' '
Pictures H. H. JMartin Masons' Marks Miserere Carvings.
J,
Hall Junius's Letters Keble's 'Christian Year' Lyly's
* Euphues School and College Magazines
'
Rattlin the *
ECCLESIASTICAL MATTERS.
Reefer George Meredith's Poems ' Million of Facts
'
Moliere '
Golden Rose Greenstead Church Haliwell Priory, Shoreditch
and Shakespeare. Hanwell
Church Our Lady of Hate Early Headstones
First Burning for Heresy in England High Ercall Church
I>0PULAR ANTIQUITIES and FOLK-LORE.
Horse Skulls in Churches Host eaten by Mice Church near
Games Garlands Personal Adornment
in Churchyards for
Royal Exchange Martin's Abbey, Somerset Miracle Plays in
Garlic to the Compass Ghost Miners Best Ghost Story
falsify Fifteenth Century^Miraculous Statues Mitre and Cope.
Gloves and Kisses Good Friday Graal Legends Hanging TOPOGRAPHY.
in Chains Herring Pie the King The Horkey King's Evil
Wedding KnifeLatter Lammas Luck Money Stone that
for
Gosford Isle of Wight, its Governor or Governess Haddon
Loveth Iron Mandragora Marriage Customs May Day
Hall Haggerston Icknield Way Leper Hospitals in Kent
Customs Moon Lore. Lincoln's Inn Fields
Vanishing London.
MISCELLANEOUS.
5>0ETRY, BALLADS, and DRAMA.
Austrian Flags at Acre and Gibraltar Hugo and Aldebaran
Archangel Gabriel and the Drama Garrick and his Wife
Beggar's Opera in Chancery God save the King
'
The
God save '
' '
'
(ireat F'rench
and Mumt ;
Preaehei-s Writers Vear-Hook Prince EugC'ne
;
'
Aiso-
.\rms of Eton and Winchester Colleges Merry England aiul the LITERAUY GOSSIP.
Mass Coleridge Governors of Public Schools " Ye gods and
little lishes.' '-
Disappearance of Hanking Firm Downie's
SCIENCE : Motors and Motor Driving Gossip.
FINE Alt'TS : Cathedral Handbooks; Rugs and Laces
;
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FOURTH SERIES ...3 3
Slaughter Schaw of Gosnetry-'-Corn-bote" Horse with Four chapel Art Gallery; Etchings at Mr. Gutekunsts Gallery; The
"White Stockings Flini-Glass Trade Baxter, of .\ustralia Chi- Admlnisti-ation of the National Gallery The Royal Arcbirological ;
Rho Monogram Statistical Data King's Champion .\Uson's Institute at Southampton Sales; Gossip. ;
ponement Cries of Animals Female Stenographers in Old Times
Dickens and TibuIIus.
;
the Book of the "Acts of the Apostles being the Hulsean Lectures :
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SEVENTH SERIES ... G
for UK)0-liH)l An Introduction to the 'Thessalonian Epistles, con-
QIERIES : Eolton .\bbey Compotns General E. Mathew Black for
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SHDRT STORIES.
STATE PAPERS and CALENDARS. GENERAL INDEX,
St- Ernulphus Waterloo Ballroom Haselock Family Danes in
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RECENT WORK on PLATO.
Story.
OUR LIBRARY TABLK : Lord Strathcona ; M'ar Horses Present and
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HERE'S a HEALTH UNTO HIS MAJESTY; MR. KEG\N PAUL;
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sevens" .American Edition of Dickens Locomotive and Gas the FLEET in the FIFTIES' ; The FIREFLY in ll'.ALY ; SALES.
Fleetwood I'edigree Lady Nottingham .Ainsworth Byron's Ai,so
Grandfather Halley Family Heuskarian Karity- Slang of the LITER.VRV GOSSIP.
Past-Bookmarkers-Phaer Grace before Meal' Box Harrv " SCIENCE Millai3 on : Surface-feeding Ducks; History of Geology;
Hobbins Family Tib s Eve. Gossip. For Copies by post an additional Three-
FINE ARTS;- Mr. Goodalls Reminiscences; Two Catalogues; The
NOTES ON BOOKS -Hills' Antonio Stradivari ' Yorkshire Archaeo-
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Labyrinth "'
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;
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pence is charged.
Academy St'Jdents' Performance Beethoven and dementi ;
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Governors of Public Schools" Charley " in Popular Rimes AFRICAN PHILOLOGY.
North- West Fox from the North- West Passage,' 1G.3."/ Gounod- RECENT VERSE. TOHN FRANCIS and the 'ATHBN^DM.'
Duke of Brabant Lfgend of Lady Alice Lea Butler's Erewhon ' ' PALESTINE and the JEWS.
King's-laper-" First love is a rank exotic" Almond Tree and OUR LIBRARY TABLE : Papers from the 'Saturday Review"; tf A Literary Chronicle of Half a Century.
Old Age Black Hole of ( alcutta Last Survivor Rockall.\nstria :
History of Trinity Hall From the Fleet in the Fifties ; ; The College
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LIST of NEW BOOKS.
REPLIES : Brnce and Burns Snodgrass-Cipher-Story Bibliography- The DISBANDING of the CROMWELLIAN ARMY; The FIREFLY
Napoleon's First Marriage -^Io^ming Sunday 'Dirty Old Man ' in ITALY A QUESTION of FACTS ROBERT CROMWELL
"'That invaluable work 'John Francis: a Literary Chronicle of Halt
Likenesses of Jesus Iron Duke " In an interesting condition"
; ; ; a Century.'" PjiWis/ierj' Circular, May 12, 1900.
The "HOUSEL of EARTH"; 'The LIVRE DHEURES of the
German Letters Comic .Annual Crossing Knives and Forks '
DUKE of CLARENCE'S MOTHER-IN-LAW; The MARRIAGE MacmillaB & Co., Limited, London.
Silhouettes of Children Greek Pronunciation Gender in German and BURIAL CEREMONIES of the OLD PERSIANS; SALES.
and Russian
"Ote-toi de U." &c. Clltlord-BraoseAut' graph
Cottage
Lady Morley " Barracked (Juant
Lime-tree- "
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Also
Baronets of Nova Scotia Papal Provisions .May Cats-Hour of SCIENCE :-Nataral History .\nthropological Notes Gossip. PNEUMATIC DUSTIN&
HARVEY'S PATENTBRUSH.
Sunday Morning Service Dutch Refugees in London Ye gods ; ;
or Danmow a Bishops See Of Alley " .Motherland Cur- WORDS am their WAYS in ENGLISH.
madjieon"- Coke' Hlddenitc Young's 'Night I'houghts The SCOTTCOUNTRY and STIRLING.
Comic Scotch" Wedgewood." TWO EDITIONS Of ARISTOPHANES. FOK MUTUAL ASSURANCE. LIFE
QCERIB.S Lowell Qaoutlon Monastic Sheep-farming- Lambrook NEW NOVELS: Ahana; Marta ; A Friend of Nelson; The Second
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Stafford Family Projectl'D on a Saw Wellington Pamphlet-Chi- WAR and the FKENCH OFFICIAL ACCOUNT.
Tlie
Rho Monogram Botanical Szfchenyi. OUR LIBKARY TABLE; The Bond oj Empire; Mr. Streets Essays; These are divided solely amongst the assured. Already-
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Trinity Monday Byron g Grandfather-HonorlflcabJlitadinitaB- LIST of NEW BOOKS. The next
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Medals HAVANA in 1702; JOHN CLARE'S LIBRARY; BBLLENDEN'S
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Wllcocks " Bailies In the eyes "Londres AInsworth Mrs. Also Policies are issued, combining Life Assurance at minimum
Thrales Streatham House
" Flowi-ring Sunday "Yarrow I'n-
TlsiKdFollett Kings Champion-Gladstone an Italian Address
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RECOLLECTIONS of DUBLIN CASTLE and of DUBLIN BETWEEN OURSELVES Some : of the Little Problems
BOOIKTY. By A NATIVE. By
of Life. MAX OICKLL, Author of '
Her Koyal Highness Woman,' Ac. SECOND
KDITION.
The CAT'S-PAW. By B. M. Croker. With 112 Illus-
trations by Fred. Pegram. Fourth liilitioa. LOVE, COURTSHIP, and MARRIAGE. By the Rev.
B. J. HAllOY, Author of 'How to be Happy though Married.'
The SHADOW of the ROPE. By E. W. Hornung. BIOGRAPHS of BABYLON. Life Pictures of London's
Moving Scenes. By GEOHGK K. SIMS (" Dagonet
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CHATTO & WINDUS'S PICCADILLY NOVELS. -crown svo. doth, 3. e^. each.
The Scallywag A Fair Colonist Lost Sir Massingberd A Modern Dick Whittington
Blood Royal Strange Stories
The Burnt Million The Family Scapegrace
Dumaresq's Daughter The Tents of Shem
BY REV. S. BARING-GOULD. BY MRS. CAMPBELL PRAED.
The Duchess of Powysland At Market Value Eve I
Red Spider Outlaw and Lawmaker I Nulma
Ivan Greet's Masterpiece The Beckoning Hand BY THOMAS HARDY. Mrs. Tregaskiss I
Madame Izan
Sihe Great Taboo For Mairaie's Sake Under the Greenwood Tree. Christina Chard I
As a Watch in the Night
The Devil's Die Under Sealed Orders BY CHARLES READE.
BY BRET HARTE.
BY ROBERT BARR. A Waif of the Plains Clarence Peg Woffington; and Christie j
The Double Marriage
In a Steamer Chair A Woman \ Intervenes Susy Devil's Ford Johnstone Griffith Gaunt Foul Play
From whose Bourne I Revenge !
A Ward of the Golden Gate Barker'.s Luck The and the Hearth
Cloister i A Woman-Hater Hard Cash 1
BY WALTER BESANT AND JAMES RICE. A Sappho of Green Springs A Protegee of Jack Hamlin's It Never Too Late to Mend
is A Simpleton
Colonel Starbottle's Client The Bell-Ringer of Angel's The Course of True Love Put Yourself in His Place
Ready-Money Mortiboy The Monks of Theleraa never did Run Smooth and A Terrible Temptation
The Crusade of the " Excel-
i
Sally Dows Tales of Trail and Town Autobiography of a Thief and Good Stories of Man
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An Anxious Moment
A Voyage to the Cape Heart of Oak
The Captains' Room The Master Craftsman April's Lady
I j
Children of Gibeon A Fountain Sealed Lady Verner's Flight Harlowe A Tale of Two Tunnels
The World Went Very Well The Charm Plays
Then The Fourth Generation
:
BY B. LYNN LINTON. An Ocean Tragedy 1
The Death Ship
To Call Her Mine Uncle Jack Paston Carew Under which Lord ? My Shipmate Louise
For Faith and Freedom The Holy Rose Sowing the Wind Dulcie Everton BY ALAN ST. AUBYN,
" My Love " With a Silken Thread
The Bell of St. Paul's The Changeling !
The New Abelard Donna Quixote The Three Disgraces BY ADELINE SERGEANT.
Lady Kilpatrick Dr. Endicott's Experiment Under False Pretences
Foxglove Manor Maid of Athens The Waterdale Neighbours |
After Dark No Name The Frozen Deep Without Love or Licence The Master of Eathkelly
A
|
A Rogue's Life The Law and the Lady. Soldier of Fortune A Son Ishmael
of
Long Odds
|
'
Beatrice and Benedick
The Black Robe The Two Destinies The Voice of the Charmer An Adventuress The Outsider A Racing Rubber
Queen of Hearts The Haunted Hotel On- the Brink of a Chasm The Blue Diamond
THE ATHEN^UM -\
Somnal of encylisi!; anti jfoitityn iiteratiuT, ^nenre, m Jfine 9[rt5(, ;#u^fr nnXr(Jf)^^?iamk \
-^ ^/
PIUCB
No. 3903. SATURDAY, AUGUST 16,1902.
^'--
THRKEPENCE
nKGISTIOKKI) AS A NKWSFAPKIl
WORCESTER MDSICAT. FESTIVAL, MERTHYR COUNTY INTERMEDIATE FRANCE. The ATHENAUM can be
SEriEMBEU :. ;'. 10. U, and 1:'. 19<.iL'
SCHOOL. obtained at the following Railway Stations
ALBANI SOBRINO. SQVIRE. BIIEMA, CROSSLEY. FOSIEK, WANTED, in SEPTEMBER, an ASSISTANT MISTRESS to teach
in France
GKEKN, HASr, BLACK, LANE WILSON, I'LLNKBr GREENE. FRENCH Conversational :
and Literary. Commencing i^alary I'.W.
BENEVOLENT [I
NIVERSITY COLLEGE of WALES, MONACO, NANTES, NICE, PARIS, PAU, SAINT RAPHAEL, TOURS,
"VfEWSVENDORS' and ABERYSTWYTH. TOULON.
And at the GALIGNANI LIBRARY, Rue de Rlvoli. Paris.
J.^ FROVIDEN'l- INSTIlL-nON. The COUNCIL invite applications for the post of ASSISTANT 224,
Founded IS39. NORMAL MASTER and ASSISTANT LECTURER on EDUC.VTION
Applications, accompanied by 'Testimonials, must be sent, on or before
Funds exceed 21.0001.
Farringdon Street, London, E
S.\'TUR1>.VV. September 6. 1IKI2, to the undersigned, from whom further NOTICE. To COLLECTORS of MANUSCRIPTS.
OfBce : Memorial Hall Buildings, 16, C.
particulars can be obtained. T. MORTIMER GREEN, Registrar.
Mr. WILLIAM LE OUEl \ would esteem it a favour if any
Patron :
possessors of Fourteenth to Sixteenth Century Manuscripts concerning
The Riftht Hon. the EAKL of ROSEBEItY, K.G. the Family De Mona^teriis. or Masters, and relating to trea'.ure hidden
President ;
IJN IVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS. in Rutland or Northamptonshire, especially mentiouing the district
about Slamtoid, would communicate with him. Address Castor,
The Right Hon. the LORD GLENESK. Peterborough.
Treasurer LECTURESHIP IN GERMAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE.
The LONDON and 'WESTMINSIER BANK. LIMITED. 'The UNIVERSITY' COURT of the UNIVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS
QUBSCRIPTIONS (Two Shillings) DESIRED by
A Donation of I'en Guineas constitutes a '\'icePresident and gives
three yotes for lite t all elections. Each Donation of Three Guineas
invite applications for the Office of
salary of 'iWl. per annum.
LECTURER in GERMAN at a
O
to be
W. J. HUE TT. Ludwell, Salisbury,
I
entitled theLl'DWELL LINNE'T.
for a Weekly I.eallcl of
Contributions invited.
Verse,
gives a vote at all elections for life. Every Annual Subscriber is 'The person appointed will be required to enter upon his duties on
entitled to one vote at all elections in respect of each Five Shillings WEDNESDAY. October 1. 1902.
u NIVERSITY- of ST. ANDREWS. 75/. each, will 1)6 awarded to the best CandidatCH (if of suttic ent merit)
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and enlarged in 1S97. to commemorate the great advantages the News (University College. Dundee.)
Trade has enjoyed under the rule of Her late Majesty Queen Victoria, Chemistry, Physics. Zoology. Rotany, Physiology. Anatomy.
provides Pensions of IW a year each for Four Widows of Newsvendors.
LECTURESHIP IN PHILOSOPHY. Candidates for these Sciiolarshins must be under I wenty-live years
The Committee hope Ihey may be enabled to increase this Fund as an The UNIVERSITY COURT of the UNIVERSITY of ST. ANDREWS of age. and niut-t not have entered to the Medical or Surgical Pi-acticc
invite applications for the post of LECTURER in PHILOSOPHY at of any London Medical School
appropriate Memorial of the Queen's benellcent reign.
'The "Francis Fund " provides Pensions for One Man. 25/ and One ,
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. DUNDEE, rendered vacant by the appoint- ONE JUNIOR OPEN SCHOLARSHIP in SCIENCE, value l^i;., and
'Womin, 201 and was specially subscribed in memory of tlie late John
,
ment of Dr J. Baillie to the Chair of Moral Philosophy in the One Preliminary Scientific Kxhibition. value hOl will be awarded to .
Francis, who died on April 6. ls.su'. and was for more than fifty years University of .\berdeen the best Candidates under Twenty-one years of age (if of sulticient
He took an active and leading part 'The person appointed will be required to enter upon his duties on merit) in not fewer than Three of the following Botany, Zoology,
Publisher of the AtJienaum.
throughout the whole period of the agitation for the repeal of the WEDNESDAY, October 1, 1902. Phvsiology, Physics, and CheiiiiBtrv.
-various then existing "'Taxes on Knowledge," and was for very many Applications, accompanied by twenty copies of 'Testimonials, and The JEAEFRESON EXHIBITION (value 1*0?. wiil be competed for )
marked on the outside cover. " Lectureship in Philosophy," must be at the same time. The subjects of examination are Latin. Matlie-
years a staunch supporter of this Institution.
The Horace Marshall Pension Fund is the gift of the late Mr. Horace lodged on or before WEDNESDAY'. September 3, 1902, with the under- matics, and any one of the Three following Languages Greek,
Brooks Marshall. 'The t^np'oy^i of that firm have primary right of signed, from whom further information may be obtained. Prench. and German. The Classical Subjects are those of the London.
election to its benefits, but this privilege never having been exercised. Candidates are particularly requested not to call on the Electors. University Matriculation Examination of June. li'O;;
the General Pensions of the Institution have had the full benefit JOHN E. WILLIAMS. Secretary and Registrar. The successful Candidates in all these scholarships will be rctiuired
arising from the interest on this investment since 1&S7. The University, St. .\ndrew8, August, 1902. to enter to the full course at St Rarthulonicw's Hospital in the
'The "Hospital Pensions" consist of an annual contribution of 35r,
October succeeding the Examination.
whereby Sir Henry Charles Buidett and bis co-directors generously For particulars, application may be made, personally or bj letter, to
enable the Committee to grant 20; for One Year to a Man and 15(. lor VriCE-PRINCIPALSHIPof theSlRJAMciETJEE The Warden of tue Coi.iKau, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, E.C.
One Year to a Woman, under conditions laid down in Rule 8c. Y JEJEEHHOY SCHOOL OF ART, BO.MBAi'.
s T. BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL
W. WILKIE JONES, Secretary. Indu Orntf, August 7, 1902. and
Candidates are required for the Government Educational appoint-
COLLEGE
ATOUNG LADY, Second-Class
and
Honours Modern
History. Oxford. lj<02. holding Certificates of Victoria
ment
SCHOOL
of VICE-PRINCIPAL of
of ART, BOMBAY.
the SIR JAMSE'TJEE JEJEEBHOY (University of London).
PRELIMINARY SCIENTIFIC CLASS.
Vmversitv for French and Italian, desires ENGAGE.MENT as 'TC'TOR It isintended that the appointment should only be conferred on a
person having special qualifications fitting him to deal with that work SYSTEMATIC COURSES of LECTURES and LABORATORY 'WORK
or SECRETARY, or would travel as COMPANION to a LADY. in the SUBJECTS of the I'HELIMINARV SCIEN'Tl FlC and IN'TER-
of the School which is associated with Artistic Industries and with the
Address Miss Bis.vev. KainhlU. Lancashire.
general application of Art to Crafts. MEDIA'TE H Sc EX/VMIN A'TIONS of the UNIVERSITY of LONDON
VFill commence on OCTOBER 1 and continue till JULY, 1903.
Candidates must be British Subjects, under 30 years of age, and of
KESEARCH
Work;
Historical
French Translation UNDERTAKEN on moderate
also
or General; Index good physique.
The pay of the appointment begins at Rs. 500 a Month, and increases
Attendance on this Class counts as part of the Five Years' Curri-
culum
Y'early by Rs. 50 a Month to Rs. 700 a Month. 'The person appointed Fee for the whole Course, 21,'., or \iH ISs to students of the Hospital
terms.- Address M.Francis & Co., Athenaeum Press, Bream's Build- or single Subjects may be taken.
ings, B.C. will not be precluded from exercising his profession of an Artist wlien
'There is a Special Class for the January Examination.
his services are not required in connexion with the School
A lirst-class passage to Bombay will be provided by Government For further particulars apply to the W.vrdi;.n or the College, St.
Bartholomew's Hospital, London, EC.
BEHIND the SCENES in SOCIETY
POLITICS.-A WRITER position and popularity of
and
OPEN
Applications should be addressed to the SLLni.T.vii^, in the Public
Department. India Office. Whitehall, S. W., and should be received not A Handbook forwarded on application.
is later than .AUGUST 31, 1902.
to REGULAR WORK under these headings Address E. R. H. S., UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SPECIAL CLASSES.
rrancis& Co Athenaum Press, Bream's Buildings, E.C.
,
of F.ZS.
M R. GRANT RICHARDS
bis PUBLISHING OFFICE for a YOUTH, age about 18
oy letter, to 18. Leicester Square. London, W.C.
has a VACANCY
Apply,
in
DIPLOMA IN THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING.
Particulars of the Course of Training for Secondary 'Teachers and of
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Fee for the whole Course, 'Ten Guineas.
Special Classes are also held for the Intermediate M.B.Lond. and
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Classes are not conlined to Students of the Hospital.
MECHANICS' INSTITUTION, SEcRfivRv OF E.WMi-N iTioNs. North Bailcy, Durham. 'itiese
.MUNRO SCOIT, Warden.
G.W.R. SWINDON. WILTS.
I.ost of
The COUNCIL of this INSTITUTION
LIBRARIAN.
APPOINTMENT OF LIBRARIAN.
invite applications for the o WENS
The SESSION
COLLEGE, MANCHESTER.
in the ARTS. SCIENCE, and LAW DEPARTMENT
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