ISB2009

2/23/2012
IBC 2009
Code Updates
Chapter 16
Tomas Montemayor, P.E.
Outline
Changes:
g
List of Updated Standards.
Chapter 16 Structural Design.
Preview of Changes to ASCE 7-10 Wind Provisions.
Wind Speed Analysis Tool:

Applied Technology Council (ATC).
1
2/23/2012
Updated Standards
New Reference Standards:

Concrete:
ACI 318-2008. Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete and Commentary.
Masonry:
TMS 402/ACI 530/ASCE5 & TMS 602/ACI 530.1/ASCE6-2008.
Building Code Requirements and Specifications for Masonry
Structures.
Wood:
ANSI/AF&PA NDS-2005. National Design Specification for
Wood Construction (updated).
ANSI/AF&PA SDPWS-2008. Special Design Provisions for
Wind and Seismic.
ANSI/TPI 1-2007. National Design Standards for Metal-Plate-
Connected Wood Truss Construction.
Updated Standards

Cold Formed Steel:
AISI S100-2007. North American Specification for the Design of
Cold Formed Steel Structural Members.
AISI S200-2007. North American Standard for Cold Formed
Steel Framing General Provisions.
AISI S210-2007. NASDCFSF Floor and Roof System Design.
AISI S211-2007. NASDCFSF Wall Stud Design.
AISI S212-2007. NASDCFSF Header Design.
AISI S213-2007. NASDCFSF Lateral Design.
AISI S214-2007. NASDCFSF Truss Design.
AISI S230-2007. Prescriptive Method for 1 and 2 Family
Dwellings.
2
2/23/2012
Updated Standards
I t
International
ti l Code
C d CCouncilil St
Standards:
d d
ICC 300-2007. Bleachers, Seating and Grandstands.
ICC 400-2007. Design and Construction of Log Structures.
ICC 500-2008. ICC/NSSA Design and Const of Storm Shelters.
ICC 600-2008. Residential Const in High Wind Regions.
ASCE/SEI:
ASCE 7-2005 Including Supplements 1 and 2. Minimum
Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures.
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1604.8.2 Wall Anchorage.

Concrete and Masonryy onlyy versus all walls.
Minimum force of 280plf versus force specified in
section 11.7.3 of ASCE 7 (5% of wall weight tributary).
Section 11.7.3 = Seismic Design Category A.
Will force specified in section 11.7.3

always govern?
3
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1605.1.1 Stability.

Use of Load Combinations in 1605.2 and 1605.3 shall
be permitted for stability checks.
Stability = Overturning, Sliding, Buoyancy.
Strength reduction factors for soil resistance?
What about stability of

retaining ll ?
t i i walls?
Follow section 1807.2.3 ..
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1605.3.1 & 2 Load Combinations.

Exception
p added: roof live loads >30 p
psf not combined
with earthquake loads.
Why? Low likelihood of occurrence.
Section 1605.3.1.1 Stress Increases.

Language was clarified.
All Chapter 23 Wood Design Factors, NOT only load
duration
duration.
Section 1607.7.1.3 Handrails and Guards.

Deleted: stress increase for handrails.
4
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1607 Live Loads.

Decks and Balconies, SAME loading.
g
Table 1607.1 Minimum Uniformly Distributed Live Loads
Balconies (exterior) 100 psf

One and Two Family Residences only 60 psf
and not exceeding 100 sq ft
Same as occupancy
Balconies (exterior) and Decks
served
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1607.7.3 Vehicle Barriers.

Additional Point of Load Application.
pp
de
es to the International Building Cod
Why? ~ 50% of passenger vehicles sold in 2006 were

light trucks, SUVs and vans.
What about vehicle weight?

Graphic from Significant Change
2009 ed. (ICC Publication)
5
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1607.11.2.2 Special Roofs.

Provision added: live loads of 100 p
psf or more at
areas of roofs classified as Group A occupancies shall
not be reduced.
Why? Conflict between sections 1607.9.1.4 and
1607.11.2.2.
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1609.1.1 Wind Load Standard.

ICC-600 versus SBCCI SSTD10 ((Standard for
Hurricane Resistant Construction) for R-2 and R-3
occupancy buildings (residential).
Why? Old versus New. Consistency with wind design
codes.
6
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1609.1.2 Protection of Openings.

In Wind Borne Debris Regions:
g wood structural p
panels
de
instead of impact resistant glazing only in R-3 and R-4

occupancies.
Why? Use of panels is not reasonable for other
occupancies. Wood panels dont provide same level of
protection.
Section 1609.1.2.2 Garage

g Doors.
ANSI/DASMA 115, Standard Method for Testing Garage

Doors, for testing of glazed openings in garage doors.
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1613 Earthquake Loads.

Supplement
pp No.2 of ASCE/SEI 7 NOW referenced.
Revision to minimum base shear equation.
(12.8-1)
(12.8 5)
(12 8-5)
Project ATC-63 (https://www.atcouncil.org/Projects/atc-63-project.html)
7
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1613.6 Alternatives to ASCE 7.

Section 1613.6.6 Added wall height
g limit increases for
Special Steel Plate Shearwalls.
SDC D & E = 160 ft to 240 ft.
SDC F = 100 ft to 160 ft.
Section 1613.6.7 Added min. building separation
requirements (missing from section 12.12.3 of ASCE 7-05):
(16-44)
(16 44)
(16-45)
8
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1614 Structural Integrity.

New Section.
de
High-rise buildings of Category III and IV.
Background
Chapter 16 Changes

Background:
g
http://www.wbdg.org/ccb/browse_cat.php?o=29&c=4
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2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes

Background
g UFC 4-023-03:
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Tie Forces:
10
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Alternate Path:
Force Controlled vs- Deformation Controlled.
Material Strength:
Average Values for Deformation Controlled.
Lower Bound Values for Force Controlled.
Member Removal Locations.
Analysis
y Methods:
Linear Static (limited).
Non-linear Static (no limitations).
Non-linear Dynamic (no limitations).
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Alternate Path / Force-vs-Deformation:
Deformation Controlled = Types 1 or 2 Curve with e 2g.

Force Controlled = Types 1 or 2 with e 2g or Type 3.
11
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Alternate Path / Force-vs-Deformation:
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Alternate Path / Removal Locations:
COLUMNS
Exterior Columns Interior Columns
12
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Alternate Path / Removal Locations:
WALLS
Exterior Walls Interior Walls
Chapter 16 Changes

UFC 4-023-03 Enhanced Local Resistance.
Increased Flexural and Shear Capacity.
Out of Plane Loads.
Where to Apply:
OC II Option 1: Corner (Base Level).
OC III: All Perimeter (Base Level).
OC IV: All Perimeter ((Base 2 Levels).
)
13
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Lets look at
the handout
handout
Preview
Preview to ASCE 7-2010 Wind

Load Provision Changes
14
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Whats Different?
Not Much, Just Everything!!!
Chapter 16 Changes
New Organization:
Chapter 28-MWFRS Buildings (Envelope Procedure).
Chapter 29-MWFRS Other Structures and Building Appurtenances.
15
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
New Organization:
Chapter 16 Changes
Revisions:
New Wind Speed Maps:
Direct Use for Ultimate Strength.
Incorporate Importance Factors.
Consistent Probabilistic Basis.
16
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Comparison:
Figure 25.5-1A
2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10 2007 FBC / ASCE 7-05
Chapter 16 Changes
Building Category II
(7% Probability of Exceedance in 50 years)
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2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Building Category III and IV

Chapter 16 Changes
Building Category I
18
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Effects from Map Changes:
2007 FBC / ASCE 7-05 2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10
qz=0.00256.Kz.Kzt.Kd.I.V2 qz=0.00256.Kz.Kzt.Kd.V2
(Equation 6-15) (Equation 27.3-1)

(Equation 28.3-1)
(Equation 29.3-1)
(Equation 30.3-1)
General Wind Pressure Equation
Chapter 16 Changes

2007 FBC / ASCE 7-05
1.2D+ 1.6(Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.8 W) - Eq.16-3
1.2D+ 1.6 W+ f1L + 0.5(Lr or R) - Eq.16-4
0.9D+ 1.6 W+ 1.6H - Eq.16-6
2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10

1.2D+ 1.6(Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.5 W) - Eq.16-3
1.2D+ 1.0 W+ f1L + 0.5(Lr or R) - Eq.16-4
0 9D+ 1.0
0.9D+ 1 0 W+ 11.6H
6H - Eq.16
Eq 16-66
Load Combinations Strength Design
19
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes

2007 FBC / ASCE 7
7-05
05
D+ H+ F+ W - Eq.16-12
D+ H+ F+ 0.75 W+ 0.75L + 0.75(Lr or R) - Eq.16-13
0.6D+ W+ H - Eq.16-14
2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10

D+ H+ F+ 0.6 W - Eq.16-12
D+ H+ F+ 0.45 W+ 0.75L + 0.75(Lr or R) - Eq.16-13
0.6D+ 0.6 W+ H - Eq.16-14
Load Combinations Allowable Stress Design
Chapter 16 Changes
New Procedures:
New Directional Procedure (Chpt. 27).

All Buildings.
Includes Traditional Analytical Procedure.
New Envelope Procedure (Chpt. 28).

Low-rise Buildings Only.
20
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
New Simplified Procedures:
Directional Procedure (Chpt. 27).

For Buildings up to 160 ft in height.
Envelope
p Procedure ((Chpt.
p 28).
)
For Buildings up to 60 ft in height.
Chapter 16 Changes
New Minimum Wind Pressures:
MWFRS Enclosed or P. Enclosed Bldgs.

16 psf on walls+ 8 psf on projected roofs.
MWFRS Open Bldgs.

16 psf on projected area.
MWFRS Other Structures.

MWFRS Components and Cladding.

21
2/23/2012
A Gift
Any helpful tools?
A Gift
Applied Technology Council (ATC) Website:
www.atcouncil.org/windspeed
22
2/23/2012
A Gift
Basic Wind Speed Map:
Click on Map to Obtain Basic Wind Speed
A Gift
ATC Map Features:
Provides Coordinates,
Any Location.
23
2/23/2012
A Gift
Results for Maitland:
Part 1/Examples
Lets Work Some

Examples
24
2/23/2012
Part 1/Examples/Problem
The Problem Statement:
Hurricane Shelter Building

Building.
Building Category IV.
Location: Maitland, Florida.
Rigid, Simple Diaphragm Building
Enclosed Building.
Exposure B.
Flat Terrain, neglect topographic effects.
Part 1/Examples/Problem
The Problem Statement:
Slope: 4:12
Plan
Elevation
25
2/23/2012
Part 1/Examples
First, Main Wind Force

Resisting System
(MWFRS)
Part 1/Examples/ASCE 7 MWFRS
Solution Procedure ASCE 7-05:

Method 1 Simplified Procedure.
Basic Wind Speed from Figure 6-1.
6 1.
I Importance Factor from Table 6-1.
Height and Exposure Coeff., from Figure 6-2.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pS30 from Figure 6-2.
Equation 6-1 or 28.6-1
Solution Procedure ASCE 7

7-10:
10:
Envelope Procedure Part 2 (Chapter 28).
Basic Wind Speed from Figure 26.5-1B.
Height and Exposure Coeff., from Figure 28.6-1.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pS30 from Figure 28.6-1.
1 Simplified Wind Pressure, Exposure B, h=30 ft, I=1.0.
26
2/23/2012
First: ASCE 7-05.

7 05.
Results ASCE 7-05:
27
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-05:
Double Interpolation Permitted for:

Roof Angle = 18.4 deg.
Wind Speed = 107 mph.
Otherwise, Use 110 mph Wind

Pressures at Most Critical Roof
Angle.
Results ASCE 7-05:
Building Height and Exposure

Adjustment not required.
28
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-05:

Basic Wind Speed, V = 107 mph
Importance Factor, I = 1.15.
Coeff., = 1.0 (see table below).
Standard Wind Pressure, pS30 = See Below.
Design Wind Pressures, pS = See Below.
Horizontal Pressures (psf) Vertical Pressures (psf) Overhangs
Zones A B C D E F G H EOH GOH

pS30 26.6 -7.0 17.7 -3.5 -23.1 -16.0 -16.0 -12.2 -32.3 -25.3
pS 30.6 -8.1 20.4 -4.0 -26.6 -18.4 -18.4 -14.0 -37.1 -29.0
pS = .Kzt.I.pS30 Equation 6-1
Followed By: ASCE 7-10.

7 10.
29
2/23/2012

6 1.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pS30 from Figure 6-2.
pS = .Kzt.pS30 Equation 28.6-1

7-10:
10:
Envelope Procedure Part 2 (Chapter 28).
Basic Wind Speed from Figure 26.5-1B.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pS30 from Figure 28.6-1.
Results ASCE 7-10:

Roof Angle = 18.4 deg.
Wind Speed
p = 144 mph.
p

Pressures at Most Critical Roof
Angle.
30
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-10:

Results ASCE 7-05:

Coeff., = 1.0.
Standard Wind Pressure, pS30 = See Below.
Design Wind Pressures, pS = See Below.

pS30 49.4 -13.0 32.9 -7.2 -42.9 -29.8 -29.8 -22.6 -60.0 -47.0
pS 49.4 -13.0 32.9 -7.2 -42.9 -29.8 -29.8 -22.6 -60.0 -47.0
pS = .Kzt.pS30 Equation 28.6-1
31
2/23/2012
Comparison:
ASCE 7-05
7 05

pS30 26.6 -7.0 17.7 -3.5 -23.1 -16.0 -16.0 -12.2 -32.3 -25.3
pS 30.6 -8.1 20.4 -4.0 -26.6 -18.4 -18.4 -14.0 -37.1 -29.0
ASCE 7-10

pS30 49.4 -13.0 32.9 -7.2 -42.9 -29.8 -29.8 -22.6 -60.0 -47.0
pS 49.4 -13.0 32.9 -7.2 -42.9 -29.8 -29.8 -22.6 -60.0 -47.0
0.6*pS 29.6 -7.8 19.7 -4.3 -25.7 -17.9 -17.9 -13.6 -36.0 -28.2
Part 1/Examples
Component and Cladding

(C&C)
32
2/23/2012
Part 1/Examples/ASCE 7 C&C

6 1.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pnet30 from Figure 6-3.
Equation 6-2 or 30.5-1

7-10:
10:
Simplified Procedure Part 2 (Chapter 30).
Basic Wind Speed from Figure 26.5-1A.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pnet30 from Figure 30.5-1.
First: ASCE 7-05.

7 05.
33
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-05:
Results ASCE 7-05:

Effective Wind Area.

Otherwise
Pressures. Assume 50 sq ft
34
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-05:

Results ASCE 7-05:

Importance Factor, I = 1.15.
Coeff., = 1.0 (see table below).
Standard Wind Pressure, pnet30 = See Table.
Design Wind Pressures, pnet = See Table.
Assumed Effective Wind Area = 50 sq ft.
pnet = .Kzt.I.pnet30 Equation 6-2
35
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-05:

Roof Pressures (psf) Wall Pressures (psf)
Zones 1 2 3 4 5
pnet30 10.0/-18.6 10.0/-28.2 10.0/-43.5 19.5/-21.3 19.5/-24.6
pnet 11.5/-21.4 11.5/-32.4 11.5/-50.0 22.4/-24.5 22.4/-28.3
Values for Effective Wind Area of 50 sq ft.
Followed By: ASCE 7-10.

7 10.
36
2/23/2012

6 1.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pnet30 from Figure 6-3.
pnet = .Kzt.pnet30 Equation 30.5-1

7-10:
10:
Simplified Procedure Part 2 (Chapter 30).
Basic Wind Speed from Figure 26.5-1A.
Standard Wind Pressure1, pnet30 from Figure 30.5-1.
Results ASCE 7-10:


Pressures. Assume 50 sq ft
37
2/23/2012
Results ASCE 7-10:

Results ASCE 7-10:

Coeff., = 1.0.
Standard Wind Pressure, pnet30 = See Below.
Design Wind Pressures, pnet = See Below.
Zones 1 2 3 4 5
pnet30 18.5/-34.6 18.5/-52.5 18.5/-81.0 36.2/-39.7 36.2/-45.7
pnet 18.5/-34.6 18.5/-52.5 18.5/-81.0 36.2/-39.7 36.2/-45.7
pnet = .Kzt.pnet30 Equation 30.5-1
38
2/23/2012
Comparison:
ASCE 7-05
7 05
Zones 1 2 3 4 5
pnet30 10.0/-18.6 10.0/-28.2 10.0/-43.5 19.5/-21.3 19.5/-24.6
pnet 11.5/-21.4 11.5/-32.4 11.5/-50.0 22.4/-24.5 22.4/-28.3
ASCE 7-10
Zones 1 2 3 4 5
pnet30 18.5/-34.6 18.5/-52.5 18.5/-81.0 36.2/-39.7 36.2/-45.7
pnet 18.5/-34.6 18.5/-52.5 18.5/-81.0 36.2/-39.7 36.2/-45.7
0.6*pnet 11.1/-20.8 11.1/-31.5 11.1/-48.6 21.7/-23.8 21.7/-27.4
39
2/23/2012
IBC 2009
Code Updates
Chapter 17
Chapter 17 Changes
Section 1704.1 Exceptions.

Before, Categories
g R-3 and U were exempt.
p
Now, Category U are exempt.
Building Official can exempt inspections of a
minor nature.
1
2/23/2012
Chapter 17 Changes
Section 1704.4 Concrete Anchors.

Continuous inspection
p of cast-in-place
p anchors
where strength design is used.
Periodic inspection of postinstalled anchors in
concrete.
Titen HD
Strong-Bolt Torq-Cut
Chapter 17 Changes
Section 1704.3.4 / 1704.6.2 Truss Bracing.

Installation of temporary
p y and p
permanent bracing
g for:
Cold-formed Steel Trusses with Span 60 ft.
Wood Trusses with Span 60 ft.
What % of Trusses Span 60 ft ? Shipment Restrictions.
in accordance with the truss submittal package.

Who is responsible for permanent bracing?
2
2/23/2012
Chapter 17 Changes
Section 1704.10 Helical Pile Foundations.

Special
p inspections
p shall be p
performed continuously y during
g
installation of helical pile foundations. The information
recorded shall include installation equipment used, pile
dimensions, ,tip elevations, final depth, final installation
torque and other pertinent installation data as required by
the registered design professional in responsible charge.
The approved geotechnical report and the documents
prepared by the registered design professional shall be
used to determine compliance
compliance.
Chapter 17 Changes
Section 1706 for Wind Requirements.

Extra Emphasis,
p not leaving
g up
p to interpretation.
p
Structural Wood :
Continuous - Gluing Operations of MWFRS.
Periodic - Component Fastening of MWFRS.
Cold-formed Steel Light Framed Construction.
Periodic Welding Operations of MWFRS.
Periodic Component
p Fasteningg of MWFRS.
Wind Resisting Components:
Periodic - Roof Cladding.
Periodic - Wall Cladding.
VAGUE!
3
2/23/2012
Chapter 16 Changes
Section 1709 Contractor Responsibility.

Contractors off the hook!
Statement of Responsibility - Before:
Acknowledge awareness of SI requirements.
Acknowledge control will be exercised to obtain
conformance.
Procedures for exercising control.
ID and qualifications of persons in control.
Statement of Responsibility Now:
Acknowledge Awareness of SI requirements.
4
2/23/2012
IBC 2009 Code

Updates
Chapter 18
Chapter 18 Changes
Chapter 18 Re-Organization.
IBC 2006 IBC 2009
1801 General. 1801 General
1802 Foundation and Soils Investigations. 1802 Definitions
1803 Excavation Grading and Fill. 1803 Geotechnical Investigations
1804 Allowable Load Bearing Values of 1804 Excavation, Grading and Fill
Soils. 1805 Damproofing and Waterproofing
1805 Footings and Foundations. 1806 Presumptive Load Bearing Values
1806 Retaining Walls. of Soils
1807 Damproofing and Waterproofing. 1807 Foundation Walls, Retaining Walls
1808 Pier and Pile Foundations
Foundations. and Embedded Posts and Poles
1809 Driven Pile Foundations. 1808 Foundations
1810 CIP Concrete Pile Foundations. 1809 Shallow Foundations
1811 Composite Piles. 1810 Deep Foundations
1812 Pier Foundations.
What about Temporary Earth Retention Systems?

Tie Backs? Soil Nails?
1
2/23/2012
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1802 Definitions.

New Simplified
p Section.
Only Six Terms Defined:
Shallow.
Deep
Drilled Shaft
Socketed Drilled Shaft.
Helical Pile
Micropile. - Deep foundation element that develops
its load-carrying capacity by means of a
bond zone in soil, bedrock, or a
combination of soil and bedrock.
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1803 Geotechnical Investigations.

1803.1 Geotechnical Investigation
g byy a Registered
g Design
g
Professional when it involves in-situ testing, lab testing or
engineering calculations.
Who would accept a report not prepared by a registered

engineer?
Issues to Focus on, from Experience:

Backfill
B kfill R
Recommendations
d ti for
f Different
Diff tDDepths.
th
Lateral Earth Pressure Coefficients.
Not Only Vertical, but also Lateral Load Tests for Deep
Foundations.
Allowable bearing pressures for long and short term
loads.
2
2/23/2012
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1807.2 Retaining Walls.

1807.2.1 Soil p
pressures on keyways.
y y Must consider
pressures on both sides, either active, passive or at rest.
1807.2.3 Safety factors required for stability design.

Safety factor of 1.5 for sliding and overturning.
Safety factor of 1.1 for seismic loads.
Load Combinations shall not apply. Instead:
0.7
0 7 times Nominal Seismic Loads.
Loads
1.0 times other loads.
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1808 Foundations.

Clarification of all requirements.
q
1808.8 Concrete Foundations. General provisions
clarified and consolidated.
Two New Tables Added:
Table 1808.8.1 Min. Grout Compressive Strength.
Table 1808.8.2 Min. Concrete Cover.
1812.5 Concrete placement in water is allowed where
approved d method
h d iis used.
d D
Dewatering
i R Requirements
i ffor
Concrete Piers Deleted.
3
2/23/2012
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1810 Deep Foundations.

All Deepp Foundation Systems
y Grouped
p Together.
g
Clarified Issues:
Piers -vs- Piles.
1810.2.1 Lateral Support Points for Unbraced
Foundation Components:
Stiff Soil 5 ft.
Soft Soil 10 ft.
1810.2.2
1810 2 2 Stability.
St bilit NNew section.
ti G
Groups off d
deep
foundations must be tied together to resist loads as
designed.
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1810 Deep Foundations.

Deep Foundation Types:
Concrete:
Cast in Place
Piles
Piers
Cased
Uncased
Micropiles
Precast Driven
Prestressed
Non-Prestressed
Timber Driven
Steel:
H-Piles
Helical
Steel Pipes and Tubes
4
2/23/2012
Chapter 18 Changes
Section 1810.3.1.5 Helical Piles.

Helical p
piles shall be designed
g and manufactured in
accordance with accepted engineering practice to
resist all stresses induced by installation into the
ground and service loads.
Section 1810.3.3.1.9 Helical Piles.

The allowable axial design load Pa, of helical piles
shall be determined as follows:
Pa=0.5 Pu
Where Pu is the least value of:
Chapter 18 Changes

The allowable axial design load Pa, of helical piles shall be
determined as follows:
P 0 5 Pu
Pa=0.5 P
where Pu is the least value of:

1. Sum of the areas of the helical bearing plates times the
ultimate bearing capacity of the soil or rock
2. Ultimate capacity determined from well documented
correlations with installation torque.
3. Ultimate capacity determined from load tests.
4. Ultimate axial capacity of pile shaft.
5. Ultimate axial capacity of pile shaft couplings.
6. Sum of the ultimate axial capacity of helical bearing plates
affixed to pile.
5
2/23/2012
Chapter 18 Changes

Dimensions of the central shaft and the number, size,
and thickness of helical bearing plates shall be
sufficient to support the design loads.
Section 1810.4.11 Helical Piles.

Helical piles shall be installed to specified embedment
depth and torsional resistance criteria determined by a
registered design professional. The torque applied
during
g installation shall not exceed the maximum
allowable installation torque of the helical pile.
Chapter 18 Changes

The allowable axial design load Pa, of helical piles shall be
determined as follows:
P 0 5 Pu
Pa=0.5 P
where Pu is the least value of:

1. Sum of the areas of the helical bearing plates times the
ultimate bearing capacity of the soil or rock
2. Ultimate capacity determined from well documented
correlations with installation torque.
3. Ultimate capacity determined from load tests.
4. Ultimate axial capacity of pile shaft.
5. Ultimate axial capacity of pile shaft couplings.
6. Sum of the ultimate axial capacity of helical bearing plates
affixed to pile.
6
Simpson Strong-Tie Anchor Systems 2010 Anchor Workshop
Changes to 2009 IBC

Chapter 19
The Impact on Post-Installed Anchor

Design per ACI 318, Appendix D
Basic PI Anchor Design

Requirements
- Strength Design (SD) provisions exclusively
used for concrete base materials
- Cast-in-place: NWC, SLC
- Concrete on composite metal deck: NWC, SLC
- Precast
- Allowable Stress Design (ASD) provisions for

all other base materials
- CMU (grout-filled and hollow)
- Brickwork (URM)
- Steel
- Building stone
Anchor Software for ACI 318, App. D

Fundamentals of Strength Design

for PI Anchors
- Articulated in ACI 318, Appendix D
- Designer chooses a concrete service

condition
- Uncracked concrete (UCC)
- Cracked concrete (CC)
- Choice between UCC and CC service

conditions is governed by the Seismic Design
Category (SDC) of building
- SDC A and B UCC
- SDC C thru F CC
Fundamentals of Strength Design

for PI Anchors, cont.
ACI 318, D.4.1: Anchor strength shall be based on
design model computations or test evaluations using
the 5 percent fractile method.
SIX (6) Design Models: Three (3) for tension and

three (3) for shear
Tensile Design Strength

Steel (ductile)
Concrete Breakout (brittle)
Pullout
P ll t (b
(brittle)
ittl )
Shear Design Strength

Steel (ductile)
Concrete Breakout (brittle)
Concrete Pryout (brittle)

2006 IBC Provisions for PI Anchor

Design in Concrete

Design in Concrete, cont.



Design in Concrete


or D.3.3.4
or D.3.3.4
Non-Structural Component
PI Anchorages
Strong-Bolt 2
Titen HD

2009 IBC Provisions for PI Anchor:

ASCE 7, Section 13.4.2
or
or
Response Modification Factor (Rp):

Simpsons SD anchor products are prequalified
for seismic applications in accordance with
ith ACI
355.2
Rp can be as indicated in ASCE 7, Chapter 13,
Tables 13.5-1 (Arch.) 13.6-1 (MEP)

Non-Structural Component Forces (Fp):

0.4 ap SDS Wp
Fp = { 1 + 2 (z/h)}
( Rp / Ip )
Anchor Design Force = 1.3 Fp

Fp = seismic design force; z = point of attachment elev.
ap = amplification factor (1.0 to 2.5); h = average roof height
SDS = spectral acceleration
Wp = operating weight
Rp = response modification factor (1.0 to 12.0)
Ip = importance factor (1.0 to 1.5)
Wall Out-Of-Plane
PI Anchorages

Non Structural Wall Out-Of-Plane Forces (Fp):

ASCE 7, Section 12.11.2.1
Eq. 12.11-1
Fp
Fp = 0.8 SDS I Wp
Fp = seismic design force

SDS = spectral resp. accel.
Wp = tributary weight
I = importance factor (1.0 to 1.5)
Non Structural Wall Out-Of-Plane Forces (Fp):

ASCE 7, Section 12.14.7.5
Eq. 12.14-10
Fp
Fp = 0.8 SDS Wp
Fp = seismic design force

SDS = spectral resp. accel.
Wp = tributary weight
Sec. 12.14 limited to Occupancy Cat. I & II
Reductions for Fp available for SDC B

2009 IBC Provisions for PI & CIP

Anchor Design in Concrete, cont.
ACI 318 08, Section D.5.2.2

Basic Concrete Breakout Strength for Anchors
Eq.
q D - 7: Nb = kc ((f c) hef 1.5
Eq. D - 8: Nb = 16 (f c) hef 5/3
Per 2009 IBC, Sec. 1908.1.10, designers may

not use Eq. D - 8 w/ cast-in-place anchors
embedded deeper than 25 inches in Eq Eq. D-5
D5

ACI 318 08, Section D.6.2.9

Anchor Reinforcement for Shear Forces
Per 2009 IBC

IBC, Sec.
Sec
1908.1.10, shear
anchor reinforcement
must be used w/ cast-
in-place anchors w/
diameter ggreater than
2 inches
More on anchor
reinforcement later
Computer Design of Post-

Installed Anchors in
Concrete
Using Simpson Strong-Tie Anchor Systems

Anchor Selector Software

Todays IBC Anchor Design

Requirements in Concrete
- Highly complex due to reference to ACI 318,
Appendix D Strength Design Procedures
- Pertain to specially qualified post-installed
anchors use in concrete - STB, STB2, THD,
THDRH, TCA, SET-XP & AT-XP
- Include cast-in-place anchors LB, HB, PAB
- Mandatory
y when considering
g load combinations that
include seismic loads
- Optional for other combinations of loads
- Designers must choose a concrete condition:

Cracked (CC) Vs. Uncracked (UCC)
Reasons to Use Simpsons

Enormous time savings versus hand
calculations
l l ti
Six potential modes of failure
Concrete breakout in shear
(3 cases in each direction: x and y)
Minimizes errors that are associated with hand

calculations
Analyzes or designs both post-installed and

cast-in-place anchors
Provides a full set of Output calculations

Concrete Breakout in Shear: Case 1 & 2
Vn
S
Ca1
Vn / 2
Ca1
1.5ca1
1.5ca1
Case 1 Case 2
Ca2
Concrete Breakout in Shear: Case 3
Vn / 2
S
Ca2
1.5ca1
Case 3: Breakout x 2
Ca1

Limitations of
No substitute for knowing ACI 318, App. D
Incorrect input will yield erroneous results
Geometric limitations: Complex concrete

configurations
Does not design base plates
Code and Calculation Type
Designactivates option to include adhesives
Analyses a more specific evaluation

Analysesa

Code and Calculation Type
ACI Code.drop-down
p menu allows user choose
of 05 or 08 Versions of ACI 318, Appendix D
Lets discuss what is different..
Whats New Regarding Concrete

Anchorage in ACI 318 08, App. D?
Clarification of Sec. D.3.3

Revised language for D.3.3.2. thru D.3.3.6
EQ + SDC C-F: CC Anchors, Design CC,
seis = 0.75 for conc. modes, SST for Npn &
Vsa, ductile failure or penalties..
duct = 0.4 or fixture yielding
Anchor Reinforcement
h,V - Shear Concrete Breakout
modification factor for anchors in thin
concrete members

Base Material: Basics
Concrete type Concrete condition:

UCC vs. CC
Concrete thickness
Concrete compressive
strength
Concrete Type
Normal weight concrete: most commonly used in

construction
t ti (140 pcff - 150 pcf)
f)
Sand lightweight concrete: (90 pcf 115 pcf)

Regular weight sand, lightweight stone 70 pcf
More commonly used for floors with metal deck
Better thermal insulator

Concrete Condition and c,V
Uncracked concrete: choose for UCC designs;

c,V = 1.4
14
Cracked concrete: choose for CC designs;
c,V = 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4 depending on reinforcement
conditions
c,V : Conc. breakout in shear design strengths
(Sec. D.6.2.7)
Reinforcement Conditions: c,V
Continuous Stem Wall

Haunched Slab on Grade
Column Pier

Supplementary Reinforcement
Condition A and B
Provides for use of less severe strength

reduction factor for concrete breakouts in
tension and shear (A > B)
Condition A and B
Condition A
The potential concrete breakout failure surfaces are
crossed by supplementary reinforcement
proportioned to tie the potential concrete failure
prism into the structural member.
Not valid for pullout and pryout strengths
Condition B
Supplementary reinforcement is not provided.
Always assumed for pullout or pryout strengths

Condition A and B: Examples
Eliminating Consideration of Concrete

Breakout Failures
Circumstances under which Concrete Breakout

modes can be eliminated
Designer introduces Anchor Reinforcement per

ACI 318-08, App. D, (Sec. D.5.2.9 and Sec. D.6.2.9)
Engineering judgement suggests that breakouts are

unreasonable

Anchor Reinforcement: Tension
Anchor Reinforcement: Tension

Must be developed per ACI 318,
Chap. 12 on both sides of
breakout failure surfaces
Spaced not more than

0.5 hef from anchor
Max. bar size: No. 5
Should consist of hairpin,

stirrup, or tie
0.75 strength reduction factor

instead of 0.9
Anchor Reinforcement: Shear

Base Material Options

for Adhesives Only
Temperature Range: Bond strengths ()

Range 1 and Range 2
Special Inspection: Strength reduction factors
()
Continuous or Periodic
Hole Condition: Effects (s) and (s)

Dry or Water-Saturated
Layout: Basics
Anchor Pattern Geometry

Anchor Material: Anchor Pattern
SET-XP Anchor Type
PAB
Heavy Hex Bolt Anchor Diameter
L-Bolt Anchor Embedment Depth

Layout: Anchor Patterns
Recent Anchor Pattern improvements provide

more configuration options
Future Patterns: 12 bolts (4 columns of 3), 12 bolts
(1 row), circular patterns
Layout: Anchor Type
Post
Post-Installed:
Installed: Strong-Bolt,
Strong Bolt Titen HD,
HD Torq-Cut,
Torq Cut
Set-XP (w/ ATR and rebar), IXP w/SET-XP
Cast-In-Place: PAB, Heavy Hex Bolt (Headed

Bolt), L-Bolt

Layout: Additional Options
Built-up grout pads: Applies 0.8 reduction factor to

steel shear strength (Sec
(Sec. D
D.6.1.3)
6 1 3)
No base plate: Voids base plate edge distance
fields.
Ignore min. edge and spacing for c.i.p anchors
(Sec. D.8.1 and D.8.2)
Factored Loads: Basics
Define Load Factors:

1.2 DL, 1.6 LL, etc., (Sec. 9.2)
1.4 DL, 1.7 LL, etc., (App. C)
Factored Load Input

Factored Loads: Load Factor Source
Load Factor Source: Effects Strength Reduction

Factors ()
Load Factors per ACI 318, Sec. 9.2 Strength
Reduction Factors (Sec. D.4.4)
Load Factors per ACI 318, Appendix C
Strength Reduction Factors (Sec. D.4.5)
Factored Loads: Additional Options
seis
duct
Special provisions exist for designs in Seismic

Design Categories C, D, E, and F, and when
load combinations include earthquake forces
(seis = 0.75 and duct = 0.4 or 0.5).

Anchor Design In SDC C - F

Structural Components
When considering load combinations that include earthquake forces in buildings

in Seismic Design Category C
C, D
D, E or F
PI anchors must pass the Simulated Seismic Tests of ACI 355.2, which include
cracking of the concrete. (Will be listed in ICC code report) (D.3.3.2): Design for
cracked concrete service conditions and use simulated seismic test design
strengths for pullout and steel shear.
Design strengths of brittle (concrete) failure modes shall be multiplied by 0.75

reduction factor. (D.3.3.3): Apply seis = 0.75 reduction factor to all non-steel
(concrete) failure modes
Anchor shall be designed to be governed by tensile or shear of a ductile steel

element. (D.3.3.4)
In lieu of D.3.3.4
The attachment shall be designed so it will undergo ductile yielding at a load level
no greater than that which corresponds to the design strength of the anchor.
(D.3.3.5)
The design strength shall be taken as 0.4 times the design strength as determined
per D.3.3.3. (D.3.3.6): Apply duct = 0.4 (0.5 stud walls) reduction factor to all
non-ductile (brittle) failure modes
Factored Loads: Additional Options
Anchors subject to sustained tension: Applies

0.75 reduction factor to bond strength in tension
(SET-XP) for comparison with sustained loads (Sec.
D 4 1 4)
D.4.1.4)
Anchors only resist wind and/or seismic loads:
Applies a 72% increase to SET-XP bond strength in
temperature range 2
Apply entire shear load at front row for breakout:
Conservative shear distribution assumption

Solutions: Basics
Choose Calculate button

when all input is complete
to obtains solutions
Solutions are listed when in Design Mode
Output

Questions?

2/23/2012
IBC 2009 Code

Updates
Chapter 21
Chapter 18 Changes
Chapter 18 Re-Organization.
IBC 2006 IBC 2009
1801 General. 1801 General
1802 Foundation and Soils Investigations. 1802 Definitions
1803 Excavation Grading and Fill. 1803 Geotechnical Investigations
1804 Allowable Load Bearing Values of 1804 Excavation, Grading and Fill
Soils. 1805 Damproofing and Waterproofing
1805 Footings and Foundations. 1806 Presumptive Load Bearing Values
1806 Retaining Walls. of Soils
1807 Damproofing and Waterproofing. 1807 Foundation Walls, Retaining Walls
1808 Pier and Pile Foundations
Foundations. and Embedded Posts and Poles
1809 Driven Pile Foundations. 1808 Foundations
1810 CIP Concrete Pile Foundations. 1809 Shallow Foundations
1811 Composite Piles. 1810 Deep Foundations
1812 Pier Foundations.
What about Temporary Earth Retention Systems?

Tie Backs? Soil Nails?
1
2/23/2012
Chapter 21 Changes
Summary.
Substantial p
portions of Chapter
p 21 were deleted.
Reference to the 2008 edition of the Building Code
Requirements & Specification for Masonry Structures
was added.
Nomenclature revisions were included to coordinate
Chapter 21 of the IBC with the 2008 Masonry Code.
ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 versus TMS
402/ACI530/ASCE 5 5.
Chapter 21 Changes
Section 2101.3 Construction Documents.

The construction documents shall show all of the items required by this
code
d iincluding
l di the
h ffollowing:
ll i
1. Specified size, grade, type and location of reinforcement, anchors and wall ties.
2. Reinforcing bars to be welded and welding procedures.
3. Size and location of structural elements.
4. Provisions for dimensional changes resulting from elastic deformation, creep,
shrinkage, temperature and moisture.
5. Loads used in the design of masonry.
6. Specified compressive strength of masonry at stated ages or stages of construction for
which masonry is designed, except where specifically exempted by this code.
7
7. Details of anchorage of masonry to structural members,
members frames and other construction
construction,
including the type, size and location of connectors.
8. Size and location of conduits, pipes and sleeves.
9. The minimum level of testing and inspection as defined in Chapter 17, or an itemized
testing and inspection program that meets or exceeds the requirements of Chapter 17.
2
2/23/2012
Chapter 21 Changes
Section 2103.8 Mortar.

Mortar for use in masonry construction shall conform to ASTM C270 and
articles
i l 22.1
1 andd2
2.6A
6A off TMS 602/ACI 530.1/ASCE
30 1/ASCE 6 6, except ffor mortars
listed in Sections 2103.9, 2103.10 and 2103.11. Type S or N mortar
conforming to ASTM C270 shall be used for glass unit masonry.
Article 2.1
ASTM C270 of color and type specified.
For AAC Masonry thin bed mortar with compressive strength that
meets of exceeds the AAC Masonry units. Test in accordance with
ASTM C109 or ASTM E519.
F
For AAC Masonry
M flexural
fl l tensile
t il strength
t th nott less
l th
than code
d
specified value or modulus or rupture of masonry units. Flexural
strength tests in accordance with ASTM E72, ASTM E518 Method A
or ASTM C1072.
Article 2.6A Mortar Mixing Requirements.
2103.9 Surface Bonding Mortar per ASTM C887.
2103.10 - Mortars for Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile.
2103.11 Mortar for AAC Masonry
Chapter 21 Changes
Section 2111 Masonry Fireplaces.

2111.3 - Seismic Reinforcing.g Masonry y fireplaces
p shall be
constructed, anchored, supported, and reinforced as
required in this chapter. In SDC C or D In Seismic
Design Category A or B reinforcement and seismic
anchorage is not required. In Seismic Design Categories
E or F, masonry chimneys shall be reinforced in
accordance with the requirements of Sections 2101
through 2108.
2111.4
2111 4 Seismic
S i i A Anchorage.
h M
Masonry chimneys
hi iin SDC
C or D shall be anchored at each floor, ceiling or roof line
more than 6 feet above grade, except where constructed
completely within the exterior walls. Anchorage shall...
1812.5 Concrete placement in water is allowed where
approved method is used. Dewatering Requirements for
Concrete Piers Deleted.
3
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Update

Chapter 22
Randy Shackelford
Simpson Strong
Strong--Tie
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
Steel Design Standards
Some stay the same:
AISC 341-05 Seismic Provisions for
Structural Steel Buildings
AISC 360-05 Specification for Structural
Steel Buildings
Some are new:

AISI Standards:
S100-07, S200-07, S210-07, S211-07, S212-07,
S213-07, S214-07, S230-07
1
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
SECTION 2203-IDENTIFICATION AND
PROTECTION OF STEEL FOR
STRUCTURAL PURPOSES
Identification of Structural Steel shall comply
with AISC 360
Identification of Cold Formed Steel shall comply
with AISI S100 and S200
Painting of open-web
open web steel joists and joist
girders shall comply with SJI Standards
Protection of cold formed steel members and
panels shall comply with AISI S100 and S200
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2208.1 Storage racks. The design, testing
and utilization of industrial steel storage
racks made of cold-formed or hot-rolled
steel structural members, shall be in
accordance with the RMI/ANSI MH 16.1.
Where required by ASCE 7, the seismic
design of storage racks shall be in
accordance with the provisions of Section
15.5.3 of ASCE 7, except that items (1), (2)
andd (3) off Section
S ti 15 15.5.3
5 3 off ASCE 7 do
d nott
apply when the rack design satisfies
RMI/ANSI MH 16.1.
(Adopts RMI/ANSI MH 16.1-08 and allows its use in most

cases without modification by ASCE 7.)
2
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2209.1 General. The design of cold-
formed carbon and low-alloy steel
structural
t t l members b shall
h ll b
be iin
accordance with AISI S100. The design
of cold-formed stainless-steel structural
members shall be in accordance with
ASCE 8. Cold-formed steel light-frame
g
construction shall also comply with
Section 2210.
(Replaces AISI NAS-01 (North American Specification for the
Design of Cold Formed Steel Structural Members with AISI
S100 [renamed document])
3
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
AISI S100
North American Standard
Developed by a joint effort of
the American Iron and Steel Institute's
Committee on Specifications,
the Canadian Standards Association's
Technical Committee on CoId Formed
Steel Structural Membets,
Camara Nacional de Ia Industria del
Hierro y del Acero (CANACERO.
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
AISI S100
Main document (chapters A through G
and Appendix 1 and 2) is intended for
use in all three countries.
Appendix A is for use in both the United
States and Mexico
Appendix B is for use in Canada
Provides for use of allowable strength
design (ASD), Ioad and resistance factor
design (LRFD), and limit states design
(LSD).
ASD and LRFD - US and Mexico
LSD - Canada
4
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
AISI S100
Provides nominal strength or resistance,
which is converted as follows:
For Members
= 2.00 (ASD)
= 0.80 (LRFD)
= 0.75 (LSD)
For
F Connections
C ti
= 2.50 (ASD)
= 0.65 (LRFD)
= 0.60 (LSD)
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2209.2.2 Noncomposite steel floor decks.
Noncomposite steel floor decks shall be
permitted to be designed and constructed in
accordance with ANSI/SDI-NC1.0, as modified
in Section 2209.2.2.1.
2209.9.2.2.1 ANSI/SDI-NC1.0 Section 2.4B1.
Replace Section 2.4B1 of ANSI/SDI-NC1.0 with
the following:
1. General: The design of the concrete slabs shall be
d
done in
i accordance
d with
ith the
th ACI Building
B ildi Code
C d
Requirements for Reinforced Concrete. The minimum
concrete thickness above the top of the deck shall be
1 1/2 inches (38 mm).
2209.2.3 Steel roof deck. Steel roof decks shall
be permitted to be designed and constructed in
accordance with ANSI/SDI-RD1.0.
5
2/23/2012
SDI NC1.1 Format

1. General
1.1 Scope:
1.2 Reference Codes,
Standards and Documents:
2. Products
2.1 Material:
2.2 Tolerance:
2.3 Finish:
2.4 Design:
2.5 Accessories:
3. Execution
3.1 Installation/General:
3.2 Installation/Anchorage:
SDI RD1.0 Format

1. General
1.1 Scope
1 2 Reference Codes,
1.2 Codes
Standards and Documents
2. Products
2.1 Material
2.2 Tolerance
2.3 Finish
2.4 Design
2.5 Accessories
3. Execution
3.1 Installation/General
3.2 Installation/Anchorage
6
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.1 General. The design and installation of
structural members and nonstructural
members utilized in cold-formed steel light-
frame construction where the specified
minimum base steel thickness is between
0.0179 inches (0.455 mm) and 0.1180 inches
(2.997 mm) shall be in accordance with AISI
S200 and Sections 2210.2 through 2210.7, as
applicable.
(Introduces S200 General Provisions and then

instructs user to continue to following sections
depending upon which specific type of cold formed
member is being designed)
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
S200 Requirements for in-line framing
7
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.2 Header design. Headers, including box
and back-to-back headers, and double and
single L-headers shall be designed in
accordance with AISI S212 or AISI S100.
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.3 Trusses.
2210.3.1 Design. Cold-formed steel trusses shall be
designed in accordance with AISI S214, Sections
2210.3.1 through 2210.3.5 and accepted engineering
practice.
2210.3.2 Truss design drawings. The truss design
drawings shall conform to the requirements of
Section B2.3 of AISI S214 and shall be provided
with the shipment of trusses delivered to the job
site.
it The
Th truss
t design
d i drawings
d i shall
h ll include
i l d the
th
details of permanent individual truss member
restraint/bracing in accordance with Section B6(a)
or B6(c) of AISI S214 where these methods are
utilized to provide restraint/bracing.
2210.3.3 Deferred submittals. AISI Section B4.2
shall be deleted.
8
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.3 Trusses (continued).
2210.3.4 Trusses spanning 60 feet or greater. The
owner shall contract with a registered design
professional for the design of the temporary
installation restraint/bracing and the permanent
individual truss member restraint/bracing for
trusses with clear spans 60 feet (18 288 mm) or
greater. Special inspection of trusses over 60 feet
(18 288 mm) in length shall conform to Section
1704.
1704
2210.3.5 Truss quality assurance. Trusses not part
of a manufacturing process that provides
requirements for quality control done under the
supervision of a third-party quality control agency,
shall be manufactured in compliance with Sections
1704.2 and 1704.3, as applicable.
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.4 Wall stud design. Wall
studs shall be designed in
accordance with either AISI S211
or AISI S100.
9
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.5 Floor and roof system
design Framing for floor and roof
design.
systems in buildings shall be
designed in accordance with
either AISI S210 or AISI S100.
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.6 Lateral design. Light-
frame shear walls,, diagonal
g
strap bracing that is part of a
structural wall and
diaphragms used to resist
wind, seismic and other in-
plane lateral loads shall be
AISI S213.
10
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
11
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
12
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 22

Steel
2210.7 Prescriptive framing. Detached
one- and two-family
one two family dwellings and
townhouses, less than or equal to
three stories above grade plane, shall
be permitted to be constructed in
accordance with AISI S230 subject to
the limitations therein.
Within certain size limitations, contains prescriptive

construction details and specifications for low hazard
areas, and high wind and high seismic areas.
(More on this later!)
Any questions so far?
13
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Update

Chapter 23
Randy Shackelford
Simpson Strong
Strong--Tie
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Wood Design Standards
Some stay the same:
AF&PA NDS-05
Updated for 2011 and included in 2012 IBC
AF&PA WFCM
Some are new:

AF&PA PWF-07
AF&PA SDPWS-08
TPI 1-07
1
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
1605.3.1.1 Stress Increases
Changed from
Increases in allowable stresses..shall not
be usedexcept that a duration of load
increase shall be permitted in accordance
with Chapter 23
to
Increases in allowable stresses.shall not
be usedexcept that increases shall be
permitted in accordance with Chapter 23.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Whats the difference between increases
and a duration of load increase?
With
Wi h the
h oldld llanguage, some jurisdictions
j i di i or
designers were not permitting or using
other increases in the NDS or SDPWS (such
as repetitive member factor, bearing area
factor, stud bending stress increase for
wind shearwall and diaphragm capacity
wind,
increase for wind) because they thought
they were prohibited. The new language
clarifies that these other increases can be
used.
2
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Wood Design Standards
New ICC Standard:

ICC-400 Standard on the Design and
Construction of Log Structures
Directly referenced in 2301.2
Use with ASTM D 395706 Standard
Practices for Establishing Stress Grades
for Structural Members Used in Log
Building
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Wood Trusses
2303.4.1.1 Truss design drawings. The
written,
itt graphic
hi and d pictorial
i t i l depiction
d i ti off
each individual truss shall be provided to the
building official for approval prior to
installation. Truss design drawings shall also
be provided with the shipment of trusses
delivered to the job site. Truss design
drawings shall include,
include at a minimum,
minimum the
information specified below:
(Truss section has been revised to parallel

the CFS truss requirements and TPI
requirements)
3
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Wood Trusses
2303.4.1.2 Permanent individual truss
memberb restraint.
t i t Where
Wh permanentt restraint
t i t
of truss members is required on the truss
design drawings, it shall be accomplished by
one of the following methods:
1. Permanent individual truss member restraint/bracing shall be installed
using standard industry lateral restraint/bracing details in accordance
with generally accepted engineering practice. Locations for lateral
g drawing.
restraint shall be identified on the truss design g
2. The trusses shall be designed so that the buckling of any individual truss
member is resisted internally by the individual truss through suitable
means (i.e., buckling reinforcement by T-reinforcement or L-
reinforcement, proprietary reinforcement, etc.). The buckling
reinforcement of individual members of the trusses shall be installed as
shown on the truss design drawing or on supplemental truss member
buckling reinforcement details provided by the truss designer.
3. A project-specific permanent individual truss member restraint/bracing
design shall be permitted to be specified by any registered design
professional.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Wood Trusses
2303.4.1.3 Trusses spanning 60 feet or greater. The
owner shall contract with any qualified registered
design professional for the design of the temporary
installation restraint/bracing and the permanent
individual truss member restraint/bracing for all
trusses with clear spans 60 feet (18 288 mm) or
greater.
2303.4.1.4 Truss designer. The individual or
organization
g responsible
p for the design
g of trusses.
2303.4.1.4.1 Truss design drawings. Where required
by the registered design professional, the building
official or the statutes of the jurisdiction in which the
project is to be constructed, each individual truss
design drawing shall bear the seal and signature of
the truss designer.
4
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Wood Trusses
2303.4.4 Anchorage. The design for

the transfer of loads and anchorage of
each truss to the supporting structure
is the responsibility of the registered
design professional.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.6.1 Wood structural panel sheathing.
Where wood structural panel sheathing is used as the
exposed finish on the exterior of outside walls, it shall
have an exterior exposure durability classification.
Where wood structural panel sheathing is used
elsewhere, but not as the exposed finish, it shall be of
a type manufactured with exterior glue (Exposure 1 or
Exterior).
Wood structural panel wall sheathing or siding used as
structural sheathingg shall be capable
p of resisting
g wind
pressures in accordance with Section 1609. Maximum
wind speeds for wood structural panel sheathing used
to resist wind pressures shall be in accordance with
Table 2304.6.1 for enclosed buildings with a mean roof
height not greater than 30 feet (9144 mm), an
importance factor (I) of 1.0 and a topographic factor
(Kzt) of 1.0.
5
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
Section 2304.9.5 has been reorganized to
separate the requirements for fasteners in
preservative treated wood from those for
fasteners in fire-retardant treated wood.
Requirements for connectors in contact
with preservative-treated wood have been
added
Added
dded an
a exemption
e e pt o to allow
a ow plain
pa
carbon steel fasteners in SBX/DOT and zinc
borate treated wood used in interior, dry
environments.
6
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.9.5.1 Fasteners and connectors
for preservative-treated wood.
Fasteners in contact with preservative-
treated wood shall be of hot-dipped zinc-
coated galvanized steel, stainless steel,
silicon bronze or copper.
Fasteners other than nails, timber rivets,
wood screws and lag screws shall be
permitted to be of mechanically deposited
zinc-coated steel with coating weights in
accordance with ASTM B 695, Class 55
minimum.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.9.5.1 (Continued)
Connectors that are used in exterior
applications and in contact with
preservative-treated wood shall have
coating types and weights in
accordance with the treated wood or
connector manufacturers
recommendations. In the absence of
manufacturers recommendations, a
minimum of ASTM A 653, type G185
zinc-coated galvanized steel, or
equivalent, shall be used.
7
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.9.5.3 Fasteners for fire-retardant-treated wood
used in exterior applications or wet or damp locations.
Fasteners for fire-retardant-treated wood used in exterior
applications or wet or damp locations shall be of hot-
hot
dipped zinc-coated galvanized steel, stainless steel,
silicon bronze or copper. Fasteners other than nails,
timber rivets, wood screws and lag screws shall be
permitted to be of mechanically deposited zinc-coated
steel with coating weights in accordance with ASTM B
695, Class 55 minimum.
2304.9.5.4 Fasteners for fire-retardant-treated
fire retardant treated wood
used in interior applications.
Fasteners for fire-retardant-treated wood used in interior
locations shall be in accordance with the manufacturers
recommendations.
In the absence of manufacturers recommendations,
Section 2304.9.5.3 shall apply.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.9.3 Joist hangers and framing
anchors.
Connections
C ti d
depending
di on joist
j i t
hangers or framing anchors, ties and
other mechanical fastenings not
otherwise covered are permitted
where approved. The vertical load-
bearing capacity, torsional moment
capacity and deflection
characteristics of joist hangers shall
be determined in accordance with
Section 1716.1.
8
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2308.8.1 Bearing. Except where
supported on a 1-inch by 4-inch (25.4
mm byb 102 mm)) ribbon
ibb strip
t i and
d nailed
il d
to the adjoining stud, the ends of each
joist shall not have less than 1 1/2
inches (38 mm) of bearing on wood or
metal, or less than 3 inches (76 mm) on
masonry.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.11.2.1 Joists, girders and subfloor.
Where wood joists or the bottom of a
wood structural floor without joists are
closer than 18 inches (457 mm), or wood
girders are closer than 12 inches (305
mm) to the exposed ground in crawl
spaces or unexcavated areas located
within the p
perimeter of the buildingg
foundation, the floor construction
(including posts, girders, joists and
subfloor) shall be of naturally durable or
preservative-treated wood.
9
2/23/2012
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
2304.11.2.6 Wood siding.
Clearance between wood siding g and
earth on the exterior of a building shall
not be less than 6 inches (152 mm) or
less than 2 inches (51 mm) vertical from
concrete steps, porch slabs, patio slabs
and similar horizontal surfaces
exposed d to
t the
th weather
th exceptt where
h
siding, sheathing and wall framing are
of naturally durable or preservative-
treated wood.
2009 IBC Chapter 23

Wood
A major change to
Chapter 23 is the removal
of most of the provisions
for the design of wood
framed lateral force
resisting systems, with
reference instead the
AF&PA Special Design
Provisions for Wind and
Seismic (SDPWS).
10
2/23/2012
Shear Walls & Diaphragms-

Diaphragms- IBC
Shear Walls &

Diaphragms
IBC AF&PA SDPWS
2009
2009 IBC Changes
A major change to
Chapter 23 is the removal
of most of the provisions
for the design of wood
framed lateral force
resisting systems, with
reference instead the
AF&PA Special Design
Provisions for Wind and
Seismic (SDPWS).
11
2/23/2012
Your new best friend

for wood design
Free download at
www.awc.org
12
2/23/2012
Free download at
www.awc.org
SDPWS
Special Design Provisions for Wind
and Seismic
Alternate to IBC 2305 (2006)
Replaces 2305 in 2009 IBC
ANSI consensus document
Dual Format
ASD/LRFD
Design values are nominal
Divide by safety factor for ASD
Multiply by factor for LRFD
13
2/23/2012
Special Design Provisions

for Wind and Seismic
Framing
Wall stud bending stress increase
factors
Wall and Roof Sheathing
Out of plane load resistance
Wood Diaphragms
Deflection, Shear Capacities, Aspect
Ratios Distribution of Shear
Ratios,
Wood Shear Walls
Deflection, Shear Capacities, Aspect
Ratios, Types of Shearwalls, Sheathing
Resisting Combined Uplift and Shear
SDPWS Selected
Requirements
Two capacities listed for shear walls
and diaphragms
Seismic (2 IBC ASD values)
Wind (2 IBC ASD values + 40% increase)
Summing shearwall capacities (2

sided)
Opposite sides same material Double
Opposite sides different material or
fastening
Seismic Use larger capacity or twice weaker
capacity
Wind Wood structural panel, hardboard, or
fiberboard with gypsum opposite is additive
14
2/23/2012
SDPWS Selected
Requirements
Shear wall design/construction
requirements
i t
Segmented shear wall
Force-transfer shear wall
Perforated shear wall
Complete
p set of limitations
Complete set of design
requirements
SDPWS Selected
Requirements
Compare shear wall design
capac t es
capacities
7/16 wood structural panel
Sheathing grade
8d common nails
6 o.c. at panel edges and 12 o.c.
att panell interior
i t i supports
t
15
2/23/2012
2006 IBC
Section 4.3 Wood-Frame

Shear Walls
4.3.3 Unit Shear Capacities Table 4.3A
16
2/23/2012
SDPWS Selected
Requirements
Compare shear wall design
capac t es
capacities
IBC:
Seismic: 260 plf
Wind: 260 1.4 = 364 plf
SDPWS:
Seismic: 520/2 = 260 plf
Wind: 730/2 = 365 plf
New to 2008
SDPWS:
Higher allowable unit shears for perforated
shear walls
New optional equation for the shear capacity
adjustment factor for perforated shear walls
New design for high load blocked
diaphragms
New requirements for shear walls resisting
combined shear and uplift
17
2/23/2012
New to 2008 SDPWS:
New adjustment factor for unblocked shear

walls
ll
Design of Wood
Shearwalls
18
2/23/2012
Items to Consider in the

Design of a Shearwall
Sheathing thickness
Shearwall nailing
Framing material
Chord design
}

Tension and
Collector/strut design Compression
Shear panel proportions
Shearwall Openings
Anchorage requirements
Shear
Holdowns
Deflection
Shearwall Design Capacity
19
2/23/2012
Remember these are Nominal loads

7/16 Sheathing Grade, 8d @6:12
730 / 2 = 365 plf
Framing Material
Code tables (Shearwalls and

Diaphragms) are for framing of
Douglas Fir-Larch or Southern Pine
For framing of alternate species,
using nails, find Specific Gravity of
alternate species, and multiply the
listed shear by the Adjustment
Factor = [1-(0.5-SG)]
For example, for S-P-F framing (SG=.42),
Adj. Factor = [1-(.5-.42)] =0.92
20
2/23/2012
Chord Forces
V v v v
h
b
T C
Overturning Forces
V v v v Tension force must be
transferred into foundation
through a holdown device
h
SDPWS
b 4.3.6.4.2 Uplift Anchorage at Shear
Wall Ends: Where the dead load
stabilizing moment is not
sufficient to prevent uplift due to
overturning moments on the wall
T (from 4.3.6.1.1 or 4.3.6.1.2), an
C
anchoring device shall be
provided at the end of each shear
wall.
21
2/23/2012
Shear Wall Height-

Height-to
to--Width Ratio
SDPWS Selected
Requirements
Rigid
Di h
Diaphragm
Analysis
Open front
structures
Cantilevered
diaphragms
22
2/23/2012
4.2.5.1.1 Open Front

Structures:
Open front structures utilizing wood-frame rigid
diaphragms to distribute shear forces through torsion
shall be permitted provided:
1. The diaphragm length, L, (normal to the open side) does not
exceedd 25'.
25'
2. The L/W ratio of the diaphragm (as shown in Figure 4A) is
less than or equal to 1:1 for one story structures or 0.67:1 for
structures over one story in height.
Exception: Where calculations show that diaphragm deflections
can be tolerated, the length, L, (normal to the open side)
shall be permitted to be increased to an L/W ratio not greater
than 1.5:1 when sheathed in conformance with 4.2.7.1 or
4.2.7.3, or not greater than 1:1 when sheathed in
conformance with 4.2.7.2.
SDPWS
Requirements for
Perforated
Shearwalls
23
2/23/2012
SDPWS limits the applicability

of perforated shearwalls to:
1. A perforated shear wall segment shall be
located at each end of a perforated shear
wall. Openings
p g shall be permitted
p to occur
beyond the ends of the perforated shear wall,
provided the lengths of such openings are
not included in the length of the perforated
shear wall.
2. The aspect ratio limitations of Section 4.3.4.1
pp y
shall apply.
3. The nominal unit shear capacity for a single
sided wall shall not exceed 1,740 plf for
seismic or 2,435 plf for wind as given in
Table 4.3A. The nominal unit shear capacity
for a double-sided wall shall not exceed 2,435
plf for wind.
SDPWS limits the applicability

of perforated shearwalls to:
4. Where out-of-plane offsets occur, portions
of the wall on each side of the offset shall be
considered as separate perforated shear
walls.
5. Collectors for shear transfer shall be
provided through the full length of the
perforated shear wall.
6. A perforated shear wall shall have uniform
t
top-of-wall
f ll and
d bottom-of-wall
b tt f ll elevations.
l ti
Perforated shear walls not having uniform
elevations shall be designed by other
methods.
7. Perforated shear wall height, h, shall not
exceed 20'
24
2/23/2012
Limits of Perforated
SWs
A wall segment required at each end
What if I have an opening at the wall end?
Limits of Perforated
SWs
Uniform top and bottom of wall
elevation
What about walls at vaulted ceilings?
25
2/23/2012
Calculating Perforated
Shear Wall Resistance
Calc. percent full-ht sheathing as
the sum of widths of full-ht
segments t divided
di id d by
b total
t t l width
idth
of wall including openings.
Determine maximum opening
height.
Calc adjusted shear resistance by
multiplying unadjusted shear
resistance by shear resistance
adjustment factor.
Shear wall resistance equal to
adjusted shear resistance times
widths of full-ht segments
Adjust shear capacity in

perforated shearwall based on
maximum opening height
26
2/23/2012
Adjust shear capacity in

perforated shearwall based on
maximum opening height (NEW)
Uplift Anchorage at Perforated

Shearwall Ends
Anchorage to prevent overturning
shall be provided at each end of
the perforated shear wall.
T = Tension chord uplift force, pounds

V = Shear force in perf. shear wall, pounds
h = Shear wall height, feet
Co = Shear resistance adjustment factor
Li = Sum of widths of perf. shear wall
segments
27
2/23/2012
Anchorage for in-

plane shear
4.3.6.4.1.1 In-plane Shear Anchorage for Perforated
Shear Walls: The maximum induced unit shear force,
vmax, transmitted into the top of a perforated shear
wall, out of the base of the perforated shear wall at full
height sheathing, and into collectors connecting shear
wall segments, shall be calculated in accordance with
the following:
v = Unit shear force

V = Total shear force in perf. shear wall
Co = Shear resistance adjustment factor
Li = Sum of widths of full-ht segments
Additional Considerations in
Design of Perforated Shear Walls
Uplift anchorage between shear wall ends
Perforated shear wall bottom plates at full-ht
segments shall be anchored for a uniform
uplift force, t, equal to the unit shear force, v.
Compression chords
Each end of each perf. shearwall segment
shall be designed for a compression chord
force C, equal to the tension chord uplift
force, T
Load path
A load path to the foundation shall be
provided for each uplift force, T and t, for
each shear force, V and v, and for each
compression chord force, C.
28
2/23/2012
2008 SDPWS
High load blocked diaphragms
g requirements
Design q for
unblocked shearwalls
Perforated shearwalls
Contains equation for shear
capacity adjustment factor in
addition to table
Increased maximum shear capacity
for perforated shearwalls
Method for designing wood
structural panels to resist
combined shear and uplift
2008 SDPWS
New Provisions
Shear Walls Wood Structural Panels
Installed Over Gypsum Wallboard or
Gypsum Sheathing Board
Provisions for wood structural panels
applied over gypsum wallboard or
gypsum sheathing have been added
consistent with provisions in IBC and
the 2003 NEHRP provisions.
Unit shear strength and apparent shear
stiffness values are provided in Table
4.3B for each combination of nailing and
sheathing thickness.
29
2/23/2012
Framing and Nailing for Shear

Walls Sheathed on Two Sides
Where panels are applied on both faces
of a shear wall and nail spacing is less
than 6 in
in. on center on either side
side, panel
joints shall be offset to fall on different
framing members. Alternatively, the
width of the nailed face of framing
members shall be 3 in. nominal or greater
at adjo
adjoining g pa
panel
e edges and
a d nails
a s at all
a
panel edges shall be staggered.
Framing and Nailing for Shear

Walls Sheathed on Two Sides
Use of two 2x framing members

adequately fastened together is
permitted in place of a single 3x
member that is required at
adjoining panel edges
30
2/23/2012
2008 SDPWS
New Provisions
4.3.6.4.3 Anchor Bolts:
Foundation anchor bolts shall have a steel plate
washer under each nut not less than 0.229 in. by y
3 in. by 3 in. in size.
The hole in the plate washer shall be permitted
to be diagonally slotted with a width of up to 3/16
in. larger than the bolt diameter and a slot length
not to exceed 1-3/4 in., provided a standard cut
washer ((see Appendix
pp A)) is placed
p between the
plate washer and the nut.
2008 SDPWS
New Provisions
The plate washer shall extend to within 1/2 in. of
the edge of the bottom plate on the side(s) with
sheathing or other material with nominal unit
shear capacity greater than 400 plf for wind or
seismic.
31
2/23/2012
2008 SDPWS
New Provisions
Exception: Standard cut washers shall be
permitted to be used where anchor bolts are
designed to resist shear only and the following
requirements are met:
a) The shear wall is designed in accordance with
provisions of 4.3.5.1 with required uplift
g at shear wall ends sized to resist
anchorage
overturning neglecting dead load stabilizing
moment.
b) Shear wall aspect ratio, h:b, does not exceed 2:1.
c) The nominal unit shear capacity of the shear wall
does not exceed 980 plf for seismic or 1370 plf for
wind.
Newest design
information
Wood Structural Panel Sheathing
C bi d Use
Combined U Reference
R f
SPDWS

WSP Combined Use Sheathing
32
2/23/2012
2006 IBC
Uplift Load Path
Section 1604.4
Structure must have

mechanisms in place to
transfer uplift loads to the
1 foundation
2
1) Truss/Rafter to Top Plate
2) Top Plate to Stud
3
3) Stud to Stud
4) Stud to Sill Plate
4
5) Sill Plate to Foundation
5
SDPWS Sheathing Design for

Combined Shear and Uplift
Concept:
1. Design Shearwall for shear
2. Add nails for uplift
33
2/23/2012
Section 4.4
Specific
Requirements
4.4.1.2 Panels shall have a minimum
thickness of 7/16" and shall be
installed with the strength axis
parallel to the studs.
4.4.1.4 Where windows and doors

interrupt wood structural panel
sheathing or siding
siding, framing anchors
or connectors shall be provided to
resist and transfer the appropriate
uplift loads around the opening and
into the foundation.
34
2/23/2012
Design Overview
Connectors must still be used at..
Wind Uplift loads:

Roof to Top-Plates
Sill plate to Foundation
Window and Door Openings:
Header to Trimmer/KS
Trimmer/KS to Foundation
Lateral
L t l wind/seismic
i d/ i i loads:
l d
Holdowns required to resist
overturning forces at ends of
shearwalls
Specific Requirements
4.4.1.5 Sheathing
Extendingg to Top
p
Plate: The following
requirements shall
apply:
1. The top edge of the
wood structural
panel shall be
attached to the upper
top plate. Nail row,
end spacing, and
edge spacing shall
be as shown in
Figure 4G.
35
2/23/2012
Specific
Requirements
4.4.1.5 Sheathing
Extending to Top Plate:
The following
requirements shall
apply:
2.Roof or upper level
uplift connectors
shall be on the same
side of the wall as
the
th sheathing
h thi unlessl
other methods are
used to prevent
twisting of the top
plate due to
eccentric loading
Uplift connections must

be on same side of wall
When rafter to top plate
connectors are on the
inside of the wall, and
sheathing
h thi or stud t d tto ttop
plate connector is placed
on the outside of the wall,
the top plate rotates due
to the eccentric loading,
causing the connector to
fail prematurely.
C-2011 catalog,
Page174, Note # 6:
36
2/23/2012
Solutions:
1. Install roof to top plate
connections on outside of
building.
i i Check
C with
i
Simpson on possible load
reductions
2. Install a single roof
framing to stud connector.
3 Install roof to top plate
3.
and top plate to stud
connections on inside. Use
sheathing to transfer loads
to sill.
37
2/23/2012
Specific
Requirements
4.4.1.7 Sheathing Splices
1. In multi-story applications where the upper
story
y and lower storyy sheathing
g adjoin
j over a
common horizontal framing member, the nail
spacing shall not be less than 3" o.c. for a single
row nor 6" o.c. for a double row in Table 4.4.1
(see Figure 4H).
38
2/23/2012
Specific
Requirements
2. In single or multi-story
applications
li ti where
h horizontal
h i t l
joints in the sheathing occur
over blocking between studs,
nailing of the sheathing to
the studs above and below
the joint shall be designed to
transfer the uplift across the
joint (see Figure 4I)
4I). The
uplift capacity shall not
exceed the capacity in Table
4.4.1. Blocking shall be
Section 4.4.1.3 for shear
transfer.
Specific
Requirements
Exception: Horizontal blocking and
sheathing tension splices placed
between studs and backing the
horizontal joint shall be permitted
to be used to resist both uplift and
shear at sheathing splices over
studs provided the following
conditions are met (see Figure 4J):
a. sheathing tension splices
shall be made from the same
thickness and grade as the shear
wall sheathing.
b. edges of sheathing shall be
nailed to sheathing tension
splices using the same nail size
and spacing as the sheathing or
siding nails at the bottom plate.
39
2/23/2012
Specific
Requirements
4.4.1.6 Sheathing Extending to Bottom Plate or
Sill Plate: The following requirements shall
apply:
1. The bottom edge of the wood structural panel shall

extend to and be attached to the bottom plate or
sill plate as shown in Figure 4G.
2. Anchorage of bottom plates or sill plates to the
foundation shall be designed to resist the
combined uplift and shear forces developed in the
wall. Anchors shall be spaced at 16" on center or
less.
a) Where anchor bolts are used, a minimum 0.229
0.229" x
3" x 3" steel plate washer shall be used at each
anchor bolt location. The edge of the plate washer
shall extend to within 1/2" of the edge of the bottom
plate on the sheathed side.
b) Where other anchoring devices are used to
anchor the wall to the foundation, they shall be
installed on the same side of the wall as the
sheathing unless other approved methods are used.
Test Results
The failure mode is splitting of the sill plate. (not recommended)

Significant perpendicular to grain stresses developed in the sill plate near
anchor bolts even with a large square plate washer.
40
2/23/2012
Important Footnotes
1. Nominal unit uplift capacities shall be adjusted in accordance with 4.4.1 to

determine ASD allowable unit uplift capacity and LRFD factored unit
resistance. Anchors shall be installed in accordance with this section. See
Appendix A for common nail dimensions.
4.4.1: The ASD allowable unit uplift capacity shall be determined by dividing
the tabulated nominal uplift capacity in Table 4.4.1, modified
by applicable footnotes, by the ASD reduction factor of 2.0.
Important Footnotes
2. Where framing has a specific gravity of 0.49 or

greater, uplift values in table 4.4.1 shall be
permitted to be multiplied by 1.08.
41
2/23/2012
Important Footnotes
3. Where nail size is 6d common or 8d common, the tabulated uplift

values are applicable to 7/16" minimum OSB panels or 15/32"
minimum plywood with species of plies having a specific gravity of
0.49 or greater. Where nail size is 10d common, the tabulated uplift
values are applicable to 15/32" minimum OSB or plywood with a
species of plies having a specific gravity of 0.49 or greater. For
plywood with other species, multiply the tabulated uplift values by
0.90.
Important Footnotes
4. Wood structural panels shall overlap the top member of the double top
plate and bottom plate by 1-1/2" and a single row of fasteners shall be
placed " from the panel edge.
5. Wood structural panels shall overlap the top member of the double top
plate and bottom plate by 1-1/2". Rows of fasteners shall be " apart
with a minimum edge distance of ". Each row shall have nails at the
specified spacing.
42
2/23/2012
Technical Bulletin
43

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2/23/2012

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Section 1614 Structural Integrity.

Exterior Columns Interior Columns

Section 1614 Structural Integrity.

Exterior Walls Interior Walls

Section 1614 Structural Integrity.

Section 1614 Structural Integrity.

Preview to ASCE 7-2010 Wind

Not Much, Just Everything!!!

Chapter 28-MWFRS Buildings (Envelope Procedure).

Chapter 29-MWFRS Other Structures and Building Appurtenances.

New Wind Speed Maps:

Direct Use for Ultimate Strength.

Incorporate Importance Factors.

Consistent Probabilistic Basis.

Building Category III and IV

Effects from Map Changes:

2007 FBC / ASCE 7-05 2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10

(Equation 6-15) (Equation 27.3-1)

General Wind Pressure Equation

Effects from Map Changes:

2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10

Load Combinations Strength Design

Effects from Map Changes:

2010 FBC / ASCE 7-10

Load Combinations Allowable Stress Design

New Directional Procedure (Chpt. 27).

New Envelope Procedure (Chpt. 28).