ENDOCRINE LOCATION HORMONES SECRETED CHEMICAL CLASS TARGET TISSUE ACTION CLINICAL CONDITION

GLAND (CATEGORY OF
HORMONE)
Hypo secretion Hyper secretion
PITUITARY Located at Oxytocin Peptide Uterus and breast N/A N/A
the base of muscles
the brain just
below the Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH), Peptide Kidneys and sweat Diabetes insipidus Retention of fluid
hypothalamus also known as "vasopressin" glands (SIADH)

Prolactin (PRL) Protein Mammal glands of Poor milk production Galactorrhea

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
(TSH)
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone
(ACTH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
(FSH)
the breast Cessation of menses
Impotence in men
Protein Liver adipose tissue Stimulates growth by Pituitary dwarfism Childhood- Giantism
promoting protein synthesis Adulthood- Acromegaly
Glycoprotein Thyroid gland Increase secretion of Child-Cretinism, Adult- Hyperthyroidism
thyroid hormone/ increase Myxedema (similar to Graves'
size of gland disease)
Exophthalmos
Peptide Adrenal gland Increase secretion of N/A Cushings disease
(cortex) adrenocortical hormones,
especially glucocorticoids
such as cortisol
Glycoprotein Ovary and testes Ovulation; progesterone _ _
production in female;
testosterone production in
male
Glycoprotein Ovarian follicles in Follicle maturation & _ _
female; estrogen secretion in
seminiferous tubules female; spermatogenesis in
of testes in male male
 PINEAL Situated in Melatonin Amine Hypothalamus Inhibits gonadotropin- Insomnia Seasonal Affective
the middle of releasing hormone, which Disorder
the human consequently inhibits
brain reproductive functions;
regulates sleep & wake
patterns
THYROID Anterior Thyroxin Amine Most body cells Increase metabolic rate; Cretinism (infantile Graves disease,
surface of the essential for normal growth hypothyroidism), exophthalmos
trachea just & development myxoedema, goiter
below the Calcitonin Peptide Primarily bone Decrease blood calcium;
larynx. antagonistic to parathyroid
hormone
PARATHYROID Located in the Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Peptide Bone, kidney, Increase blood calcium, Tetany Weakness of bones
neck digestive tract increase calcium absorption Weakness of muscles
in digestive tract; decrease Kidney stones
calcium lost in urine
THYMUS Located Thymosis Peptide Tissue involved in Immune system _ _
behind immune response development and function
sternum and
between
lungs
ADRENALS Located on Epinephrine and norepinephrine Amine Heart, blood vessels, Increase heart rate, cope Addison's Disease Hypertension,
top of each liver, adipose with stress, increase BP, hyperglycemia,
kidney increase blood flow to nervousness, sweating
skeletal muscle, increase
blood glucose level
Glucocorticoids Steroid Liver, kidneys, Mobilize energy into the Addison's disease Cushings disease
muscle bloodstream from storage
sites in the body, increasing
cardiovascular tone and
delaying long-term
processes in the body that
are not essential during a
crisis
 Mineralocorticoids Steroid Kidney Increase sodium Addison's disease Hypertension
reabsorption & potassium Potassium retention Sodium retention
secretions in kidney (blood) (blood)
tubules; secondarily Potassium excretion
increase water retention (urine)
PANCREAS Sits across the Insulin Protein General, but Decrease blood glucose Type I Diabetes Hypoglycemia
(ISLETS) back of the especially liver, levels (insulin - dependent
abdomen, skeletal muscle, diabetes mellitus),
behind the adipose Type II Diabetes
stomach Glucagon Protein Liver Increase blood glucose _ _
levels

OVARIES Located at Estrogens Steroid Most body cells Maturation and _ _

(FEMALE) the lower maintenance of female
abdomen reproductive organs and
secondary sex
characteristics
Progesterone Steroid Uterus and breast Prepares uterus for _ _
pregnancy; stimulates
development of mammary
gland; menstrual cycle
TESTES Located Androgens Steroid Most body cells Maturation & maintenance _ _
(MALE) outside the of male reproductive organs
pelvic cavity & secondary sex
characteristics